{"question": "Who was the Prime Minister of Australia in 1975?", "paragraph": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "answer": "Gough Whitlam", "sentence": "The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam , contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. <hl> The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam , contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. <hl> The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "paragraph_answer": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, <hl> Gough Whitlam <hl>, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "sentence_answer": "The Prime Minister of the day, <hl> Gough Whitlam <hl> , contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5e02b22cd4dfcfbce72"}
{"question": "How many people are in Oxforshire?", "paragraph": "Oxford (/\u02c8\u0252ksf\u0259rd/) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots. The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the \"city of dreaming spires\", a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold.", "answer": "159,994", "sentence": "With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse.", "paragraph_sentence": "Oxford (/\u02c8\u0252ksf\u0259rd/) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. <hl> With a population of 159,994 it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. <hl> Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots. The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the \"city of dreaming spires\", a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford (/\u02c8\u0252ksf\u0259rd/) is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of <hl> 159,994 <hl> it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse. Oxford has a broad economic base. Its industries include motor manufacturing, education, publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses, some being academic offshoots. The city is known worldwide as the home of the University of Oxford, the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Buildings in Oxford demonstrate notable examples of every English architectural period since the late Saxon period. Oxford is known as the \"city of dreaming spires\", a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold.", "sentence_answer": "With a population of <hl> 159,994 <hl> it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, and one of the fastest growing and most ethnically diverse.", "paragraph_id": "5d67355a2b22cd4dfcfbf289"}
{"question": "Between what two latitudes do humid subtropical climates fall?", "paragraph": "Rain forests are characterized by high rainfall, with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between 1,750 and 2,000 mm (69 and 79 in).  A tropical savanna is a grassland biome located in semi-arid to semi-humid climate regions of subtropical and tropical latitudes, with rainfall between 750 and 1,270 mm (30 and 50 in) a year.  They are widespread on Africa, and are also found in India, the northern parts of South America, Malaysia, and Australia.  The humid subtropical climate zone is where winter rainfall (and sometimes snowfall) is associated with large storms that the westerlies steer from west to east. Most summer rainfall occurs during thunderstorms and from occasional tropical cyclones.  Humid subtropical climates lie on the east side continents, roughly between latitudes 20\u00b0 and 40\u00b0 degrees away from the equator.", "answer": "20\u00b0 and 40\u00b0 degrees", "sentence": " Humid subtropical climates lie on the east side continents, roughly between latitudes 20\u00b0 and 40\u00b0 degrees away from the equator.", "paragraph_sentence": "Rain forests are characterized by high rainfall, with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between 1,750 and 2,000 mm (69 and 79 in). A tropical savanna is a grassland biome located in semi-arid to semi-humid climate regions of subtropical and tropical latitudes, with rainfall between 750 and 1,270 mm (30 and 50 in) a year. They are widespread on Africa, and are also found in India, the northern parts of South America, Malaysia, and Australia. The humid subtropical climate zone is where winter rainfall (and sometimes snowfall) is associated with large storms that the westerlies steer from west to east. Most summer rainfall occurs during thunderstorms and from occasional tropical cyclones. <hl> Humid subtropical climates lie on the east side continents, roughly between latitudes 20\u00b0 and 40\u00b0 degrees away from the equator. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Rain forests are characterized by high rainfall, with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between 1,750 and 2,000 mm (69 and 79 in). A tropical savanna is a grassland biome located in semi-arid to semi-humid climate regions of subtropical and tropical latitudes, with rainfall between 750 and 1,270 mm (30 and 50 in) a year. They are widespread on Africa, and are also found in India, the northern parts of South America, Malaysia, and Australia. The humid subtropical climate zone is where winter rainfall (and sometimes snowfall) is associated with large storms that the westerlies steer from west to east. Most summer rainfall occurs during thunderstorms and from occasional tropical cyclones. Humid subtropical climates lie on the east side continents, roughly between latitudes <hl> 20\u00b0 and 40\u00b0 degrees <hl> away from the equator.", "sentence_answer": " Humid subtropical climates lie on the east side continents, roughly between latitudes <hl> 20\u00b0 and 40\u00b0 degrees <hl> away from the equator.", "paragraph_id": "5d67175d2b22cd4dfcfbef05"}
{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedb7"}
{"question": "What was the objective of the DARPA programs reported by Wired Magazine", "paragraph": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to \"..transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science\" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "answer": "transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science", "sentence": "transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science \" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "paragraph_sentence": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to \".. <hl> transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science \" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to \"..<hl> transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science <hl>\" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science <hl> \" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a83f2b22cd4dfcfbcad3"}
{"question": "Where did high relief also remain common?", "paragraph": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "answer": "Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture", "sentence": "High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture .", "paragraph_sentence": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. <hl> High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture . <hl> Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in <hl> Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture <hl>. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "sentence_answer": "High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in <hl> Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67fbf22b22cd4dfcfc04db"}
{"question": "what effect does sodium fluoride have when combined with calcium compounds?", "paragraph": "Tin(II) fluoride is added to some dental care products as stannous fluoride (SnF2). Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis.", "answer": "becomes biologically inactive", "sentence": "Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin(II) fluoride is added to some dental care products as stannous fluoride (SnF2). <hl> Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. <hl> It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin(II) fluoride is added to some dental care products as stannous fluoride (SnF2). Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually <hl> becomes biologically inactive <hl> combined with calcium compounds. It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis.", "sentence_answer": "Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually <hl> becomes biologically inactive <hl> combined with calcium compounds.", "paragraph_id": "5d6749f32b22cd4dfcfbf509"}
{"question": "What video sharing services are used to promote drum and bass today?", "paragraph": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services (YouTube, Dailymotion), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and MixCloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts. Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio.", "answer": "YouTube, Dailymotion", "sentence": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services ( YouTube, Dailymotion ), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services ( YouTube, Dailymotion ), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. <hl> More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and MixCloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts. Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio.", "paragraph_answer": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services (<hl> YouTube, Dailymotion <hl>), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and MixCloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts. Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio.", "sentence_answer": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services ( <hl> YouTube, Dailymotion <hl> ), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method.", "paragraph_id": "5d666f942b22cd4dfcfbdeee"}
{"question": "Who was the first to climb Mount Langley?", "paragraph": "The Gold Rush populated the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, but even by 1860 most of the Sierra was unexplored. The state legislature authorized the California Geological Survey to officially explore the Sierra (and survey the rest of the state). Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey. Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King, explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. In 1864 they explored the area around Kings Canyon.  In 1869, John Muir started his wanderings in the Sierra Nevada range, and in 1871 King was the first to climb Mount Langley and that year fishermen were the first to climb Mount Whitney.  From 1892\u20137 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "answer": "Clarence King", "sentence": "Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King , explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Gold Rush populated the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, but even by 1860 most of the Sierra was unexplored. The state legislature authorized the California Geological Survey to officially explore the Sierra (and survey the rest of the state). Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey. <hl> Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King , explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. <hl> In 1864 they explored the area around Kings Canyon. In 1869, John Muir started his wanderings in the Sierra Nevada range, and in 1871 King was the first to climb Mount Langley and that year fishermen were the first to climb Mount Whitney. From 1892\u20137 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "paragraph_answer": "The Gold Rush populated the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, but even by 1860 most of the Sierra was unexplored. The state legislature authorized the California Geological Survey to officially explore the Sierra (and survey the rest of the state). Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey. Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and <hl> Clarence King <hl>, explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. In 1864 they explored the area around Kings Canyon. In 1869, John Muir started his wanderings in the Sierra Nevada range, and in 1871 King was the first to climb Mount Langley and that year fishermen were the first to climb Mount Whitney. From 1892\u20137 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "sentence_answer": "Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and <hl> Clarence King <hl> , explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863.", "paragraph_id": "5d67749a2b22cd4dfcfbfc84"}
{"question": "In animals and archaea isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate are  produced in what area?", "paragraph": "Terpenes and isoprenoids, including the carotenoids, are made by the assembly and modification of isoprene units donated from the reactive precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. These precursors can be made in different ways. In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. One important reaction that uses these activated isoprene donors is steroid biosynthesis. Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol. Lanosterol can then be converted into other steroids such as cholesterol and ergosterol.", "answer": "mevalonate pathway", "sentence": "In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates.", "paragraph_sentence": "Terpenes and isoprenoids, including the carotenoids, are made by the assembly and modification of isoprene units donated from the reactive precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. These precursors can be made in different ways. <hl> In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. <hl> One important reaction that uses these activated isoprene donors is steroid biosynthesis. Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol. Lanosterol can then be converted into other steroids such as cholesterol and ergosterol.", "paragraph_answer": "Terpenes and isoprenoids, including the carotenoids, are made by the assembly and modification of isoprene units donated from the reactive precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. These precursors can be made in different ways. In animals and archaea, the <hl> mevalonate pathway <hl> produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. One important reaction that uses these activated isoprene donors is steroid biosynthesis. Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol. Lanosterol can then be converted into other steroids such as cholesterol and ergosterol.", "sentence_answer": "In animals and archaea, the <hl> mevalonate pathway <hl> produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates.", "paragraph_id": "5d68036a2b22cd4dfcfc0502"}
{"question": "What is the name of  the superconductor that is below 3.72K?", "paragraph": "Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals.", "answer": "Tin", "sentence": "Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. <hl> In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Tin <hl> becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Tin <hl> becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee4b2b22cd4dfcfbe5b0"}
{"question": "What is the literacy rate among Muslims?", "paragraph": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "answer": "58.6 percent", "sentence": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). <hl> In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "The literacy rate among Muslims is <hl> 58.6 percent <hl> (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "sentence_answer": "The literacy rate among Muslims is <hl> 58.6 percent <hl> (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent).", "paragraph_id": "5d6836ff2b22cd4dfcfc0688"}
{"question": "Which country is over the Interagency Council on Homelessness?", "paragraph": "The first year of the new decade saw a renewed commitment from the Federal government in its efforts to prevent and end homelessness with the creation and release of Opening Doors: The Federal Strategic Plan to Prevent and End Homelessness. Opening Doors is a publication of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, which worked with all Federal agencies and many state and local stakeholders on its creation and vision, setting a ten-year path for the nation on preventing and ending all types of homelessness. This Plan was presented to the President and Congress in a White House Ceremony on June 22, 2010.", "answer": "U.S.", "sentence": "Opening Doors is a publication of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, which worked with all Federal agencies and many state and local stakeholders on its creation and vision, setting a ten-year path for the nation on preventing and ending all types of homelessness.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first year of the new decade saw a renewed commitment from the Federal government in its efforts to prevent and end homelessness with the creation and release of Opening Doors: The Federal Strategic Plan to Prevent and End Homelessness. <hl> Opening Doors is a publication of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, which worked with all Federal agencies and many state and local stakeholders on its creation and vision, setting a ten-year path for the nation on preventing and ending all types of homelessness. <hl> This Plan was presented to the President and Congress in a White House Ceremony on June 22, 2010.", "paragraph_answer": "The first year of the new decade saw a renewed commitment from the Federal government in its efforts to prevent and end homelessness with the creation and release of Opening Doors: The Federal Strategic Plan to Prevent and End Homelessness. Opening Doors is a publication of the <hl> U.S. <hl> Interagency Council on Homelessness, which worked with all Federal agencies and many state and local stakeholders on its creation and vision, setting a ten-year path for the nation on preventing and ending all types of homelessness. This Plan was presented to the President and Congress in a White House Ceremony on June 22, 2010.", "sentence_answer": "Opening Doors is a publication of the <hl> U.S. <hl> Interagency Council on Homelessness, which worked with all Federal agencies and many state and local stakeholders on its creation and vision, setting a ten-year path for the nation on preventing and ending all types of homelessness.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fba72b22cd4dfcfbd4cd"}
{"question": "How many supporters did the Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claim?", "paragraph": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments.  About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka.  After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "answer": "6,000,000", "sentence": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. <hl> The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments. About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka. After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "paragraph_answer": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed <hl> 6,000,000 <hl> civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments. About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka. After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "sentence_answer": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed <hl> 6,000,000 <hl> civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725882b22cd4dfcfbf0a0"}
{"question": "What can happen to macronyms when they are nested?", "paragraph": "Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\". Fully expanded, \"RARS\" thus becomes: \"Regional Advanced Television Infrared Observational Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder Retransmission Service\".", "answer": "multiply", "sentence": "Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. <hl> In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\". Fully expanded, \"RARS\" thus becomes: \"Regional Advanced Television Infrared Observational Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder Retransmission Service\".", "paragraph_answer": "Some macronyms can be <hl> multiply <hl> nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\". Fully expanded, \"RARS\" thus becomes: \"Regional Advanced Television Infrared Observational Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder Retransmission Service\".", "sentence_answer": "Some macronyms can be <hl> multiply <hl> nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy.", "paragraph_id": "5d6575a82b22cd4dfcfbc911"}
{"question": "How many carbon atoms are found in the carbon chain?", "paragraph": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis. They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "answer": "between four and 24 carbons long", "sentence": "The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long , may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur.", "paragraph_sentence": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis. They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. <hl> The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long , may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. <hl> If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "paragraph_answer": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis. They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically <hl> between four and 24 carbons long <hl>, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "sentence_answer": "The carbon chain, typically <hl> between four and 24 carbons long <hl> , may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d8dd2b22cd4dfcfc030c"}
{"question": "What reasons are some acronyms chosen?", "paragraph": "Some acronyms are chosen deliberately to avoid a name considered undesirable: For example, Verliebt in Berlin (ViB), a German telenovela, was first intended to be Alles nur aus Liebe (All for Love), but was changed to avoid the resultant acronym ANAL. Likewise, the Computer Literacy and Internet Technology qualification is known as CLaIT, rather than CLIT. In Canada, the Canadian Conservative Reform Alliance (Party) was quickly renamed to the Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance when its opponents pointed out that its initials spelled CCRAP (pronounced \"see crap\"). (The satirical magazine Frank had proposed alternatives to CCRAP, namely SSHIT and NSDAP.) Two Irish Institutes of Technology (Galway and Tralee) chose different acronyms from other institutes when they were upgraded from Regional Technical colleges. Tralee RTC became the Institute of Technology Tralee (ITT), as opposed to Tralee Institute of Technology (TIT). Galway RTC became Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT), as opposed to Galway Institute of Technology (GIT). The charity sports organization Team in Training is known as \"TNT\" and not \"TIT\". Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences is still known as TITS.", "answer": "to avoid a name considered undesirable", "sentence": "Some acronyms are chosen deliberately to avoid a name considered undesirable : For example, Verliebt in Berlin (ViB), a German telenovela, was first intended to be Alles nur aus Liebe (All for Love), but was changed to avoid the resultant acronym ANAL.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some acronyms are chosen deliberately to avoid a name considered undesirable : For example, Verliebt in Berlin (ViB), a German telenovela, was first intended to be Alles nur aus Liebe (All for Love), but was changed to avoid the resultant acronym ANAL. <hl> Likewise, the Computer Literacy and Internet Technology qualification is known as CLaIT, rather than CLIT. In Canada, the Canadian Conservative Reform Alliance (Party) was quickly renamed to the Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance when its opponents pointed out that its initials spelled CCRAP (pronounced \"see crap\"). (The satirical magazine Frank had proposed alternatives to CCRAP, namely SSHIT and NSDAP.) Two Irish Institutes of Technology (Galway and Tralee) chose different acronyms from other institutes when they were upgraded from Regional Technical colleges. Tralee RTC became the Institute of Technology Tralee (ITT), as opposed to Tralee Institute of Technology (TIT). Galway RTC became Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT), as opposed to Galway Institute of Technology (GIT). The charity sports organization Team in Training is known as \"TNT\" and not \"TIT\". Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences is still known as TITS.", "paragraph_answer": "Some acronyms are chosen deliberately <hl> to avoid a name considered undesirable <hl>: For example, Verliebt in Berlin (ViB), a German telenovela, was first intended to be Alles nur aus Liebe (All for Love), but was changed to avoid the resultant acronym ANAL. Likewise, the Computer Literacy and Internet Technology qualification is known as CLaIT, rather than CLIT. In Canada, the Canadian Conservative Reform Alliance (Party) was quickly renamed to the Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance when its opponents pointed out that its initials spelled CCRAP (pronounced \"see crap\"). (The satirical magazine Frank had proposed alternatives to CCRAP, namely SSHIT and NSDAP.) Two Irish Institutes of Technology (Galway and Tralee) chose different acronyms from other institutes when they were upgraded from Regional Technical colleges. Tralee RTC became the Institute of Technology Tralee (ITT), as opposed to Tralee Institute of Technology (TIT). Galway RTC became Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT), as opposed to Galway Institute of Technology (GIT). The charity sports organization Team in Training is known as \"TNT\" and not \"TIT\". Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences is still known as TITS.", "sentence_answer": "Some acronyms are chosen deliberately <hl> to avoid a name considered undesirable <hl> : For example, Verliebt in Berlin (ViB), a German telenovela, was first intended to be Alles nur aus Liebe (All for Love), but was changed to avoid the resultant acronym ANAL.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a9302b22cd4dfcfbcae2"}
{"question": "When was a tinplate canister for preserving food first manufactured?", "paragraph": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "answer": "in London in 1812.", "sentence": "A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. <hl> A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". <hl> One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured <hl> in London in 1812. <hl> Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "sentence_answer": "A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured <hl> in London in 1812. <hl> Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\".", "paragraph_id": "5d670d482b22cd4dfcfbec45"}
{"question": "What was The Hibbert Journal?", "paragraph": "The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal (a quarterly philosophical review), used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "answer": "a quarterly philosophical review)", "sentence": "J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal ( a quarterly philosophical review) , used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. <hl> J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal ( a quarterly philosophical review) , used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal (<hl> a quarterly philosophical review) <hl>, used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "sentence_answer": "J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal ( <hl> a quarterly philosophical review) <hl> , used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d674da82b22cd4dfcfbf5ca"}
{"question": "Where did Irish immigrants take slaves to in 1651?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "Montserrat", "sentence": "Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. <hl> Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to <hl> Montserrat <hl> in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "Irish immigrants took slaves to <hl> Montserrat <hl> in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667292b22cd4dfcfbddfc"}
{"question": "What Eastern Asian cultural spheres place their surnames first?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China", "sentence": "This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China .", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. <hl> This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including <hl> Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including <hl> Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1112b22cd4dfcfc0463"}
{"question": "What is the ice hockey league in North America called?", "paragraph": "A fast-paced, physical sport, ice hockey is most popular in areas of North America (particularly Canada and the northern United States) and northern and western Europe. Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, where the game enjoys immense popularity. In North America, the National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's hockey and the most popular. The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe. The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey. The IIHF manages international tournaments and maintains the IIHF World Ranking. Worldwide, there are ice hockey federations in 74 countries.", "answer": "National Hockey League", "sentence": "In North America, the National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's hockey and the most popular.", "paragraph_sentence": "A fast-paced, physical sport, ice hockey is most popular in areas of North America (particularly Canada and the northern United States) and northern and western Europe. Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, where the game enjoys immense popularity. <hl> In North America, the National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's hockey and the most popular. <hl> The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe. The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey. The IIHF manages international tournaments and maintains the IIHF World Ranking. Worldwide, there are ice hockey federations in 74 countries.", "paragraph_answer": "A fast-paced, physical sport, ice hockey is most popular in areas of North America (particularly Canada and the northern United States) and northern and western Europe. Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, where the game enjoys immense popularity. In North America, the <hl> National Hockey League <hl> (NHL) is the highest level for men's hockey and the most popular. The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe. The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey. The IIHF manages international tournaments and maintains the IIHF World Ranking. Worldwide, there are ice hockey federations in 74 countries.", "sentence_answer": "In North America, the <hl> National Hockey League <hl> (NHL) is the highest level for men's hockey and the most popular.", "paragraph_id": "5d668a322b22cd4dfcfbe213"}
{"question": "What other special purpose divisions exist separately?", "paragraph": "Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts.", "answer": "conservation districts and Congressional districts", "sentence": "Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts .", "paragraph_sentence": "Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. <hl> Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include <hl> conservation districts and Congressional districts <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include <hl> conservation districts and Congressional districts <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6770222b22cd4dfcfbfbbb"}
{"question": "When did the Partisans controlled important parts of Yugoslavia, Serbia, Macedonia and Montenegro?", "paragraph": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "answer": "At the onset of winter", "sentence": "At the onset of winter , the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. <hl> At the onset of winter , the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. <hl> At the onset of winter <hl>, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> At the onset of winter <hl> , the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67ba0d2b22cd4dfcfc00b8"}
{"question": "Where in Canada does Amtrak travel to from New York", "paragraph": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "answer": "cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal", "sentence": "Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal ; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. <hl> Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal ; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; <hl> cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal <hl>; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "sentence_answer": "Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; <hl> cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal <hl> ; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e0c2b22cd4dfcfbec6d"}
{"question": "What are made from plastic or mother of pearl", "paragraph": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.  Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "answer": "'key touches'", "sentence": "Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. <hl> Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. <hl> Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "paragraph_answer": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since 1920, most saxophones have <hl> 'key touches' <hl> (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "sentence_answer": "Since 1920, most saxophones have <hl> 'key touches' <hl> (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.", "paragraph_id": "5d6767b52b22cd4dfcfbfa1d"}
{"question": "What are two languages that do not distinguish between functions and subroutines?", "paragraph": "Some programming languages, such as Pascal, Fortran, Ada and many dialects of BASIC, distinguish between functions or function subprograms, which provide an explicit return value to the calling program, and subroutines or procedures, which do not. In those languages, function calls are normally embedded in expressions (e.g., a sqrt function may be called as y = z + sqrt(x)). Procedure calls either behave syntactically as statements (e.g., a print procedure may be called as if x > 0 then print(x) or are explicitly invoked by a statement such as CALL or GOSUB (e.g. call print(x)). Other languages, such as C and Lisp, do not distinguish between functions and subroutines.", "answer": "C and Lisp", "sentence": "Other languages, such as C and Lisp , do not distinguish between functions and subroutines.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some programming languages, such as Pascal, Fortran, Ada and many dialects of BASIC, distinguish between functions or function subprograms, which provide an explicit return value to the calling program, and subroutines or procedures, which do not. In those languages, function calls are normally embedded in expressions (e.g., a sqrt function may be called as y = z + sqrt(x)). Procedure calls either behave syntactically as statements (e.g., a print procedure may be called as if x > 0 then print(x) or are explicitly invoked by a statement such as CALL or GOSUB (e.g. call print(x)). <hl> Other languages, such as C and Lisp , do not distinguish between functions and subroutines. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some programming languages, such as Pascal, Fortran, Ada and many dialects of BASIC, distinguish between functions or function subprograms, which provide an explicit return value to the calling program, and subroutines or procedures, which do not. In those languages, function calls are normally embedded in expressions (e.g., a sqrt function may be called as y = z + sqrt(x)). Procedure calls either behave syntactically as statements (e.g., a print procedure may be called as if x > 0 then print(x) or are explicitly invoked by a statement such as CALL or GOSUB (e.g. call print(x)). Other languages, such as <hl> C and Lisp <hl>, do not distinguish between functions and subroutines.", "sentence_answer": "Other languages, such as <hl> C and Lisp <hl> , do not distinguish between functions and subroutines.", "paragraph_id": "5d671ff92b22cd4dfcfbeff7"}
{"question": "What type of society does not move from place to place?", "paragraph": "In his book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond argues that Europeans and East Asians benefited from an advantageous geographical location that afforded them a head start in the Neolithic Revolution. Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the Eurasian continent. Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords. In addition, they developed resistances to infectious disease, such as smallpox, due to their close relationship with domesticated animals. Groups of people who had not lived in proximity with other large mammals, such as the Australian Aborigines and American indigenous peoples, were more vulnerable to infection and largely wiped out by diseases.", "answer": "sedentary", "sentence": "Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords.", "paragraph_sentence": "In his book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond argues that Europeans and East Asians benefited from an advantageous geographical location that afforded them a head start in the Neolithic Revolution. Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the Eurasian continent. <hl> Being among the first to adopt agriculture and sedentary lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords. <hl> In addition, they developed resistances to infectious disease, such as smallpox, due to their close relationship with domesticated animals. Groups of people who had not lived in proximity with other large mammals, such as the Australian Aborigines and American indigenous peoples, were more vulnerable to infection and largely wiped out by diseases.", "paragraph_answer": "In his book Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond argues that Europeans and East Asians benefited from an advantageous geographical location that afforded them a head start in the Neolithic Revolution. Both shared the temperate climate ideal for the first agricultural settings, both were near a number of easily domesticable plant and animal species, and both were safer from attacks of other people than civilizations in the middle part of the Eurasian continent. Being among the first to adopt agriculture and <hl> sedentary <hl> lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords. In addition, they developed resistances to infectious disease, such as smallpox, due to their close relationship with domesticated animals. Groups of people who had not lived in proximity with other large mammals, such as the Australian Aborigines and American indigenous peoples, were more vulnerable to infection and largely wiped out by diseases.", "sentence_answer": "Being among the first to adopt agriculture and <hl> sedentary <hl> lifestyles, and neighboring other early agricultural societies with whom they could compete and trade, both Europeans and East Asians were also among the first to benefit from technologies such as firearms and steel swords.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d2c72b22cd4dfcfc02b3"}
{"question": "Why is the craze of getting an MD at a peak currently?", "paragraph": "In Pakistan, the equivalent degree is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). The MBBS is awarded as the basic medical qualification after completing five years of study. This comprises two years of basic science subjects including anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, with a particular emphasis on human anatomy. Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. Finally, the student is required to work for one year under a professor, before one is awarded the degree of MBBS with license to practice. So the total duration of the MBBS degree is six years in Pakistan. For specialization, one has to pass the Fellow of College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan (FCPS) exam part 1 in the field in of specialization and obtain an internship in the field for three to six years. Next, one can take the FCPS exam part 2, which includes intensive practical exams. Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded. Medical Universities are awarding MD/MS/MDS of four to six years' duration on successful completion of residency program in a university hospital. These are terminal qualifications and similar to the FRCS/MRCP. Tough entry tests are passed successfully before entering into a medical college. Medical colleges and foreign medical qualifications are supervised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). Specialized degrees are awarded by the Pakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons.\nIn basic medical sciences such as Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology etc., the research postgraduate degree awarded by many universities is M.Phil, which has a mandatory prerequisite of a minimum of two years of Demonstratorship in relevant subjects in a recognized Medical College. The M.Phil course is two to four years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of a research thesis in basic sciences similar to the MD program in India. Including two years of a mandatory training period as demonstratorship, the total M.Phil duration in Pakistan for a six-year MBBS degree holder thus becomes 4 to 6 years.\nMany universities in conjunction with tertiary hospitals offer coursework towards the MD and MS degrees as well.\nIn certain known universities of Pakistan like Dow Medical College  is now being offered a complete blend of all the subjects at modular level. Not just anatomy, physiology and biochemistry is being taught; pathology, community med, behavioral sciences, research, pharmacology, orthopedics, clinical faculty, neurology faculty etc. weigh very high in some modules during the first two years of MBBS. Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum. They are having pathophysiological and pharmacological dynasties of medicine at the same ground.", "answer": "because of the integrated curriculum", "sentence": "Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Pakistan, the equivalent degree is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). The MBBS is awarded as the basic medical qualification after completing five years of study. This comprises two years of basic science subjects including anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, with a particular emphasis on human anatomy. Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. Finally, the student is required to work for one year under a professor, before one is awarded the degree of MBBS with license to practice. So the total duration of the MBBS degree is six years in Pakistan. For specialization, one has to pass the Fellow of College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan (FCPS) exam part 1 in the field in of specialization and obtain an internship in the field for three to six years. Next, one can take the FCPS exam part 2, which includes intensive practical exams. Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded. Medical Universities are awarding MD/MS/MDS of four to six years' duration on successful completion of residency program in a university hospital. These are terminal qualifications and similar to the FRCS/MRCP. Tough entry tests are passed successfully before entering into a medical college. Medical colleges and foreign medical qualifications are supervised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). Specialized degrees are awarded by the Pakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons. In basic medical sciences such as Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology etc., the research postgraduate degree awarded by many universities is M.Phil, which has a mandatory prerequisite of a minimum of two years of Demonstratorship in relevant subjects in a recognized Medical College. The M.Phil course is two to four years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of a research thesis in basic sciences similar to the MD program in India. Including two years of a mandatory training period as demonstratorship, the total M.Phil duration in Pakistan for a six-year MBBS degree holder thus becomes 4 to 6 years. Many universities in conjunction with tertiary hospitals offer coursework towards the MD and MS degrees as well. In certain known universities of Pakistan like Dow Medical College is now being offered a complete blend of all the subjects at modular level. Not just anatomy, physiology and biochemistry is being taught; pathology, community med, behavioral sciences, research, pharmacology, orthopedics, clinical faculty, neurology faculty etc. weigh very high in some modules during the first two years of MBBS. <hl> Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum . <hl> They are having pathophysiological and pharmacological dynasties of medicine at the same ground.", "paragraph_answer": "In Pakistan, the equivalent degree is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). The MBBS is awarded as the basic medical qualification after completing five years of study. This comprises two years of basic science subjects including anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, with a particular emphasis on human anatomy. Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. Finally, the student is required to work for one year under a professor, before one is awarded the degree of MBBS with license to practice. So the total duration of the MBBS degree is six years in Pakistan. For specialization, one has to pass the Fellow of College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan (FCPS) exam part 1 in the field in of specialization and obtain an internship in the field for three to six years. Next, one can take the FCPS exam part 2, which includes intensive practical exams. Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded. Medical Universities are awarding MD/MS/MDS of four to six years' duration on successful completion of residency program in a university hospital. These are terminal qualifications and similar to the FRCS/MRCP. Tough entry tests are passed successfully before entering into a medical college. Medical colleges and foreign medical qualifications are supervised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). Specialized degrees are awarded by the Pakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons. In basic medical sciences such as Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology etc., the research postgraduate degree awarded by many universities is M.Phil, which has a mandatory prerequisite of a minimum of two years of Demonstratorship in relevant subjects in a recognized Medical College. The M.Phil course is two to four years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of a research thesis in basic sciences similar to the MD program in India. Including two years of a mandatory training period as demonstratorship, the total M.Phil duration in Pakistan for a six-year MBBS degree holder thus becomes 4 to 6 years. Many universities in conjunction with tertiary hospitals offer coursework towards the MD and MS degrees as well. In certain known universities of Pakistan like Dow Medical College is now being offered a complete blend of all the subjects at modular level. Not just anatomy, physiology and biochemistry is being taught; pathology, community med, behavioral sciences, research, pharmacology, orthopedics, clinical faculty, neurology faculty etc. weigh very high in some modules during the first two years of MBBS. Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays <hl> because of the integrated curriculum <hl>. They are having pathophysiological and pharmacological dynasties of medicine at the same ground.", "sentence_answer": "Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays <hl> because of the integrated curriculum <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6682ac2b22cd4dfcfbe13c"}
{"question": "What historical event utimately seperated the 13 conlonies from Britain?", "paragraph": "The British and colonists triumphed jointly over a common foe. The colonists' loyalty to the mother country was stronger than ever before. However, disunity was beginning to form. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder had decided to wage the war in the colonies with the use of troops from the colonies and tax funds from Britain itself. This was a successful wartime strategy, but after the war was over, each side believed that it had borne a greater burden than the other. The British elite, the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution.", "answer": "the American Revolution", "sentence": "This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution .", "paragraph_sentence": "The British and colonists triumphed jointly over a common foe. The colonists' loyalty to the mother country was stronger than ever before. However, disunity was beginning to form. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder had decided to wage the war in the colonies with the use of troops from the colonies and tax funds from Britain itself. This was a successful wartime strategy, but after the war was over, each side believed that it had borne a greater burden than the other. The British elite, the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. <hl> This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The British and colonists triumphed jointly over a common foe. The colonists' loyalty to the mother country was stronger than ever before. However, disunity was beginning to form. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder had decided to wage the war in the colonies with the use of troops from the colonies and tax funds from Britain itself. This was a successful wartime strategy, but after the war was over, each side believed that it had borne a greater burden than the other. The British elite, the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about <hl> the American Revolution <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about <hl> the American Revolution <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d662ddd2b22cd4dfcfbda9a"}
{"question": "What parameters could be passed in to the constructor?", "paragraph": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed). If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "answer": "colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed", "sentence": "There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor ( colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed ).", "paragraph_sentence": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. <hl> There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor ( colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed ). <hl> If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "paragraph_answer": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (<hl> colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed <hl>). If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "sentence_answer": "There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor ( <hl> colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d67df362b22cd4dfcfc035d"}
{"question": "What percentage of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership?", "paragraph": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise. 91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. Importantly, Lenin declared that the development of socialism would not be able to be pursued in the manner originally thought by Marxists. Lenin stated \"Our poverty is so great that we cannot at one stroke restore full-scale factory, state, socialist production\". A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. Orthodox Marxists claimed at the time that Russia was ripe for the development of capitalism, not yet for socialism. Lenin advocated the need of the development of a large corps of technical intelligentsia to assist the industrial development of Russia and thus advance the Marxist economic stages of development, as it had too few technical experts at the time. The New Economic Policy was tumultuous; economic recovery took place but alongside famine (1921\u20131922) and a financial crisis (1924). However, by 1924, considerable economic progress had been achieved and by 1926 the economy regained its 1913 production level.", "answer": "91 percent", "sentence": "91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise. <hl> 91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. <hl> Importantly, Lenin declared that the development of socialism would not be able to be pursued in the manner originally thought by Marxists. Lenin stated \"Our poverty is so great that we cannot at one stroke restore full-scale factory, state, socialist production\". A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. Orthodox Marxists claimed at the time that Russia was ripe for the development of capitalism, not yet for socialism. Lenin advocated the need of the development of a large corps of technical intelligentsia to assist the industrial development of Russia and thus advance the Marxist economic stages of development, as it had too few technical experts at the time. The New Economic Policy was tumultuous; economic recovery took place but alongside famine (1921\u20131922) and a financial crisis (1924). However, by 1924, considerable economic progress had been achieved and by 1926 the economy regained its 1913 production level.", "paragraph_answer": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise. <hl> 91 percent <hl> of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. Importantly, Lenin declared that the development of socialism would not be able to be pursued in the manner originally thought by Marxists. Lenin stated \"Our poverty is so great that we cannot at one stroke restore full-scale factory, state, socialist production\". A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. Orthodox Marxists claimed at the time that Russia was ripe for the development of capitalism, not yet for socialism. Lenin advocated the need of the development of a large corps of technical intelligentsia to assist the industrial development of Russia and thus advance the Marxist economic stages of development, as it had too few technical experts at the time. The New Economic Policy was tumultuous; economic recovery took place but alongside famine (1921\u20131922) and a financial crisis (1924). However, by 1924, considerable economic progress had been achieved and by 1926 the economy regained its 1913 production level.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> 91 percent <hl> of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts.", "paragraph_id": "5d675cda2b22cd4dfcfbf890"}
{"question": "What was the El Camino Real also known as?", "paragraph": "From 1769 until the independence of Mexico in 1820, Spain sent missionaries and soldiers to Alta California who created a series of missions operated by Franciscan priests. They also operated presidios (forts), pueblos (settlements)s, and ranchos (land grant ranches), along the southern and central coast of California. Father Jun\u00edpero Serra, founded the first missions in Spanish upper Las Californias, starting with Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 in 1769. Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\"The Royal Road\"). They were established to convert the indigenous peoples of California, while protecting historic Spanish claims to the area. The missions introduced European technology, livestock, and crops. The Indian Reductions converted the native peoples into groups of Mission Indians; they worked as laborers in the missions and the ranchos. In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. The  indigenous Native American population was around 150,000; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "answer": "The Royal Road", "sentence": "Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\" The Royal Road \").", "paragraph_sentence": "From 1769 until the independence of Mexico in 1820, Spain sent missionaries and soldiers to Alta California who created a series of missions operated by Franciscan priests. They also operated presidios (forts), pueblos (settlements)s, and ranchos (land grant ranches), along the southern and central coast of California. Father Jun\u00edpero Serra, founded the first missions in Spanish upper Las Californias, starting with Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 in 1769. <hl> Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\" The Royal Road \"). <hl> They were established to convert the indigenous peoples of California, while protecting historic Spanish claims to the area. The missions introduced European technology, livestock, and crops. The Indian Reductions converted the native peoples into groups of Mission Indians; they worked as laborers in the missions and the ranchos. In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. The indigenous Native American population was around 150,000; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "paragraph_answer": "From 1769 until the independence of Mexico in 1820, Spain sent missionaries and soldiers to Alta California who created a series of missions operated by Franciscan priests. They also operated presidios (forts), pueblos (settlements)s, and ranchos (land grant ranches), along the southern and central coast of California. Father Jun\u00edpero Serra, founded the first missions in Spanish upper Las Californias, starting with Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 in 1769. Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\"<hl> The Royal Road <hl>\"). They were established to convert the indigenous peoples of California, while protecting historic Spanish claims to the area. The missions introduced European technology, livestock, and crops. The Indian Reductions converted the native peoples into groups of Mission Indians; they worked as laborers in the missions and the ranchos. In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. The indigenous Native American population was around 150,000; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "sentence_answer": "Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\" <hl> The Royal Road <hl> \").", "paragraph_id": "5d65e31a2b22cd4dfcfbd111"}
{"question": "In what months does the ice reach its maximum?", "paragraph": "On the long-term average, the Baltic Sea is ice-covered at the annual maximum for about 45% of its surface area. The ice-covered area during such a typical winter includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, the archipelago west of Estonia, the Stockholm archipelago, and the Archipelago Sea southwest of Finland. The remainder of the Baltic does not freeze during a normal winter, with the exception of sheltered bays and shallow lagoons such as the Curonian Lagoon. The ice reaches its maximum extent in February or March; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice. The thickness decreases farther south.", "answer": "February or March", "sentence": "The ice reaches its maximum extent in February or March ; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice.", "paragraph_sentence": "On the long-term average, the Baltic Sea is ice-covered at the annual maximum for about 45% of its surface area. The ice-covered area during such a typical winter includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, the archipelago west of Estonia, the Stockholm archipelago, and the Archipelago Sea southwest of Finland. The remainder of the Baltic does not freeze during a normal winter, with the exception of sheltered bays and shallow lagoons such as the Curonian Lagoon. <hl> The ice reaches its maximum extent in February or March ; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice. <hl> The thickness decreases farther south.", "paragraph_answer": "On the long-term average, the Baltic Sea is ice-covered at the annual maximum for about 45% of its surface area. The ice-covered area during such a typical winter includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, the archipelago west of Estonia, the Stockholm archipelago, and the Archipelago Sea southwest of Finland. The remainder of the Baltic does not freeze during a normal winter, with the exception of sheltered bays and shallow lagoons such as the Curonian Lagoon. The ice reaches its maximum extent in <hl> February or March <hl>; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice. The thickness decreases farther south.", "sentence_answer": "The ice reaches its maximum extent in <hl> February or March <hl> ; typical ice thickness in the northernmost areas in the Bothnian Bay, the northern basin of the Gulf of Bothnia, is about 70 cm (28 in) for landfast sea ice.", "paragraph_id": "5d66193b2b22cd4dfcfbd89b"}
{"question": "How did second-wave feminists view popular culture?", "paragraph": "Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as sexist, and created pop culture of their own to counteract this. Australian artist Helen Reddy's song \"I Am Woman\" played a large role in popular culture and became a feminist anthem; Reddy came to be known as a \"feminist poster girl\" or a \"feminist icon\".\n\"One project of second wave feminism was to create 'positive' images of women, to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions.\"", "answer": "sexist", "sentence": "Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as sexist , and created pop culture of their own to counteract this.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as sexist , and created pop culture of their own to counteract this. <hl> Australian artist Helen Reddy's song \"I Am Woman\" played a large role in popular culture and became a feminist anthem; Reddy came to be known as a \"feminist poster girl\" or a \"feminist icon\". \"One project of second wave feminism was to create 'positive' images of women, to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as <hl> sexist <hl>, and created pop culture of their own to counteract this. Australian artist Helen Reddy's song \"I Am Woman\" played a large role in popular culture and became a feminist anthem; Reddy came to be known as a \"feminist poster girl\" or a \"feminist icon\". \"One project of second wave feminism was to create 'positive' images of women, to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions.\"", "sentence_answer": "Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as <hl> sexist <hl> , and created pop culture of their own to counteract this.", "paragraph_id": "5d677c022b22cd4dfcfbfd2c"}
{"question": "Before the Tanzimat reform, who was the head of Istanbul?", "paragraph": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "answer": "the Grand Vizier", "sentence": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier . <hl> Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "paragraph_answer": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of <hl> the Grand Vizier <hl>. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "sentence_answer": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of <hl> the Grand Vizier <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66b88a2b22cd4dfcfbe455"}
{"question": "what is the outcome of the survey?", "paragraph": "A 2007 survey conducted by Public Agenda, a nonprofit organization that helps leaders and their citizens navigate through complex social issues, found that 67 percent of New Yorkers agreed that most homeless people were without shelter because of \"circumstances beyond their control,\" including high housing costs and lack of good and steady employment. More than one-third (36 percent) said they worried about becoming homeless themselves, with 15 percent saying they were \"very worried.\" More interestingly, 90 percent of New Yorkers believed that everyone has a right to shelter, and 68 percent believed that the government is responsible for guaranteeing that right to its citizens. The survey found support for investments in prevention, rental assistance and permanent housing for the homeless.", "answer": "67 percent of New Yorkers agreed that most homeless people were without shelter", "sentence": "A 2007 survey conducted by Public Agenda, a nonprofit organization that helps leaders and their citizens navigate through complex social issues, found that 67 percent of New Yorkers agreed that most homeless people were without shelter because of \"circumstances beyond their control,\" including high housing costs and lack of good and steady employment.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A 2007 survey conducted by Public Agenda, a nonprofit organization that helps leaders and their citizens navigate through complex social issues, found that 67 percent of New Yorkers agreed that most homeless people were without shelter because of \"circumstances beyond their control,\" including high housing costs and lack of good and steady employment. <hl> More than one-third (36 percent) said they worried about becoming homeless themselves, with 15 percent saying they were \"very worried.\" More interestingly, 90 percent of New Yorkers believed that everyone has a right to shelter, and 68 percent believed that the government is responsible for guaranteeing that right to its citizens. The survey found support for investments in prevention, rental assistance and permanent housing for the homeless.", "paragraph_answer": "A 2007 survey conducted by Public Agenda, a nonprofit organization that helps leaders and their citizens navigate through complex social issues, found that <hl> 67 percent of New Yorkers agreed that most homeless people were without shelter <hl> because of \"circumstances beyond their control,\" including high housing costs and lack of good and steady employment. More than one-third (36 percent) said they worried about becoming homeless themselves, with 15 percent saying they were \"very worried.\" More interestingly, 90 percent of New Yorkers believed that everyone has a right to shelter, and 68 percent believed that the government is responsible for guaranteeing that right to its citizens. The survey found support for investments in prevention, rental assistance and permanent housing for the homeless.", "sentence_answer": "A 2007 survey conducted by Public Agenda, a nonprofit organization that helps leaders and their citizens navigate through complex social issues, found that <hl> 67 percent of New Yorkers agreed that most homeless people were without shelter <hl> because of \"circumstances beyond their control,\" including high housing costs and lack of good and steady employment.", "paragraph_id": "5d6670fb2b22cd4dfcfbdf0f"}
{"question": "For which gender does cardiovascular disease onset typically occur earlier?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "answer": "men", "sentence": "Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. <hl> Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in <hl> men <hl> as compared to women.", "sentence_answer": "Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in <hl> men <hl> as compared to women.", "paragraph_id": "5d6613dc2b22cd4dfcfbd7d0"}
{"question": "What is the other most common surname that belongs in the list with Hansen and Olsen, of Norway?", "paragraph": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "answer": "Johansen (son of Johan)", "sentence": "Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). <hl> Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. <hl> This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "paragraph_answer": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), <hl> Johansen (son of Johan) <hl> and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "sentence_answer": "Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), <hl> Johansen (son of Johan) <hl> and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway.", "paragraph_id": "5d6738e02b22cd4dfcfbf2e6"}
{"question": "What percentage of Americans identify as Republican?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "25%", "sentence": "According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. <hl> According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. <hl> In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, <hl> 25% <hl> of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "According to the most recent Gallup poll, <hl> 25% <hl> of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican.", "paragraph_id": "5d6711882b22cd4dfcfbed76"}
{"question": "What is morphism a key concept of?", "paragraph": "The idea of structure-preserving functions, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory. In fact, functions f: X \u2192 Y are the morphisms in the category of sets, including the empty set: if the domain X is the empty set, then the subset of X \u00d7 Y describing the function is necessarily empty, too. However, this is still a well-defined function. Such a function is called an empty function. In particular, the identity function of the empty set is defined, a requirement for sets to form a category.", "answer": "category theory", "sentence": "The idea of structure-preserving functions, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The idea of structure-preserving functions, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory . <hl> In fact, functions f: X \u2192 Y are the morphisms in the category of sets, including the empty set: if the domain X is the empty set, then the subset of X \u00d7 Y describing the function is necessarily empty, too. However, this is still a well-defined function. Such a function is called an empty function. In particular, the identity function of the empty set is defined, a requirement for sets to form a category.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of structure-preserving functions, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of <hl> category theory <hl>. In fact, functions f: X \u2192 Y are the morphisms in the category of sets, including the empty set: if the domain X is the empty set, then the subset of X \u00d7 Y describing the function is necessarily empty, too. However, this is still a well-defined function. Such a function is called an empty function. In particular, the identity function of the empty set is defined, a requirement for sets to form a category.", "sentence_answer": "The idea of structure-preserving functions, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of <hl> category theory <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66cad12b22cd4dfcfbe4a9"}
{"question": "Who was in charge of the UNOF?", "paragraph": "One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ), the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. Until British supplies began to arrive in appreciable quantities in 1944, the occupiers were the only source of arms. The other objective was to create a federal multi-ethnic communist state in Yugoslavia. To this end, the KPJ attempted to appeal to all the various ethnic groups within Yugoslavia, by preserving the rights of each group.", "answer": "Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ)", "sentence": "One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ), the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ), the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. <hl> Until British supplies began to arrive in appreciable quantities in 1944, the occupiers were the only source of arms. The other objective was to create a federal multi-ethnic communist state in Yugoslavia. To this end, the KPJ attempted to appeal to all the various ethnic groups within Yugoslavia, by preserving the rights of each group.", "paragraph_answer": "One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the <hl> Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) <hl> and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ), the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. Until British supplies began to arrive in appreciable quantities in 1944, the occupiers were the only source of arms. The other objective was to create a federal multi-ethnic communist state in Yugoslavia. To this end, the KPJ attempted to appeal to all the various ethnic groups within Yugoslavia, by preserving the rights of each group.", "sentence_answer": "One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the <hl> Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) <hl> and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ), the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f7792b22cd4dfcfc0489"}
{"question": "Which year of the medical school is dubbed as the practical year?", "paragraph": "The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung), administered nationally. Upon completion, the students advance to the clinical stage, where they receive three years of training and education in the clinical subjects (e.g., internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pathology, etc.). The last year of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). Students are required to spend three four-month clerkships, two of them in a hospital (internal medicine and surgery) as well as one elective, which can be one of the other clinical subjects (e. g. family medicine, anesthesiology, neurology, pediatrics, radiology etc.).", "answer": "last year", "sentence": "The last year of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ).", "paragraph_sentence": "The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung), administered nationally. Upon completion, the students advance to the clinical stage, where they receive three years of training and education in the clinical subjects (e.g., internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pathology, etc.). <hl> The last year of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). <hl> Students are required to spend three four-month clerkships, two of them in a hospital (internal medicine and surgery) as well as one elective, which can be one of the other clinical subjects (e. g. family medicine, anesthesiology, neurology, pediatrics, radiology etc.).", "paragraph_answer": "The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung), administered nationally. Upon completion, the students advance to the clinical stage, where they receive three years of training and education in the clinical subjects (e.g., internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pathology, etc.). The <hl> last year <hl> of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). Students are required to spend three four-month clerkships, two of them in a hospital (internal medicine and surgery) as well as one elective, which can be one of the other clinical subjects (e. g. family medicine, anesthesiology, neurology, pediatrics, radiology etc.).", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> last year <hl> of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ).", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7212b22cd4dfcfbcea1"}
{"question": "Can \"tin pest\" not happen?", "paragraph": "\u03b2-tin (the metallic form, or white tin), which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, \u03b1-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), is brittle. \u03b1-tin has a diamond cubic crystal structure, similar to diamond, silicon or germanium. \u03b1-tin has no metallic properties at all because its atoms form a covalent structure where electrons cannot move freely. It is a dull-gray powdery material with no common uses, other than a few specialized semiconductor applications. These two allotropes, \u03b1-tin and \u03b2-tin, are more commonly known as gray tin and white tin, respectively. Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F)  and pressures above several GPa. In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "answer": "on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "sentence": "lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "paragraph_sentence": "\u03b2-tin (the metallic form, or white tin), which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, \u03b1-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), is brittle. \u03b1-tin has a diamond cubic crystal structure, similar to diamond, silicon or germanium. \u03b1-tin has no metallic properties at all because its atoms form a covalent structure where electrons cannot move freely. It is a dull-gray powdery material with no common uses, other than a few specialized semiconductor applications. These two allotropes, \u03b1-tin and \u03b2-tin, are more commonly known as gray tin and white tin, respectively. Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F) and pressures above several GPa. In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) <hl> lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "\u03b2-tin (the metallic form, or white tin), which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, \u03b1-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), is brittle. \u03b1-tin has a diamond cubic crystal structure, similar to diamond, silicon or germanium. \u03b1-tin has no metallic properties at all because its atoms form a covalent structure where electrons cannot move freely. It is a dull-gray powdery material with no common uses, other than a few specialized semiconductor applications. These two allotropes, \u03b1-tin and \u03b2-tin, are more commonly known as gray tin and white tin, respectively. Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F) and pressures above several GPa. In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, <hl> on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, <hl> on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d66ed742b22cd4dfcfbe57c"}
{"question": "What doctrine does the Armenian church follow?", "paragraph": "However, again like other Oriental Orthodox Churches, the Armenian Orthodox Church argues that the identification as \"monophysitism\" is an incorrect description of its position. It considers Monophysitism, as taught by Eutyches and condemned at Chalcedon, a heresy and only disagrees with the formula defined by the Council of Chalcedon. The Armenian Church instead adheres to the doctrine defined by Cyril of Alexandria, considered as a saint by the Chalcedonian Churches as well, who described Christ as being of one incarnate nature, where both divine and human nature are united (miaphysis). To distinguish this from Eutychian and other versions of Monophysitism this position is called miaphysitism. Whereas the prefix \"mono\" means \"only\", thus emphasising the singular nature of Christ, \"mia\", simply means \"one\" unemphatically, and allows for a compound nature.", "answer": "the doctrine defined by Cyril of Alexandria", "sentence": "The Armenian Church instead adheres to the doctrine defined by Cyril of Alexandria , considered as a saint by the Chalcedonian Churches as well, who described Christ as being of one incarnate nature, where both divine and human nature are united (miaphysis).", "paragraph_sentence": "However, again like other Oriental Orthodox Churches, the Armenian Orthodox Church argues that the identification as \"monophysitism\" is an incorrect description of its position. It considers Monophysitism, as taught by Eutyches and condemned at Chalcedon, a heresy and only disagrees with the formula defined by the Council of Chalcedon. <hl> The Armenian Church instead adheres to the doctrine defined by Cyril of Alexandria , considered as a saint by the Chalcedonian Churches as well, who described Christ as being of one incarnate nature, where both divine and human nature are united (miaphysis). <hl> To distinguish this from Eutychian and other versions of Monophysitism this position is called miaphysitism. Whereas the prefix \"mono\" means \"only\", thus emphasising the singular nature of Christ, \"mia\", simply means \"one\" unemphatically, and allows for a compound nature.", "paragraph_answer": "However, again like other Oriental Orthodox Churches, the Armenian Orthodox Church argues that the identification as \"monophysitism\" is an incorrect description of its position. It considers Monophysitism, as taught by Eutyches and condemned at Chalcedon, a heresy and only disagrees with the formula defined by the Council of Chalcedon. The Armenian Church instead adheres to <hl> the doctrine defined by Cyril of Alexandria <hl>, considered as a saint by the Chalcedonian Churches as well, who described Christ as being of one incarnate nature, where both divine and human nature are united (miaphysis). To distinguish this from Eutychian and other versions of Monophysitism this position is called miaphysitism. Whereas the prefix \"mono\" means \"only\", thus emphasising the singular nature of Christ, \"mia\", simply means \"one\" unemphatically, and allows for a compound nature.", "sentence_answer": "The Armenian Church instead adheres to <hl> the doctrine defined by Cyril of Alexandria <hl> , considered as a saint by the Chalcedonian Churches as well, who described Christ as being of one incarnate nature, where both divine and human nature are united (miaphysis).", "paragraph_id": "5d6579492b22cd4dfcfbc940"}
{"question": "What type of education is Pitt committed to?", "paragraph": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "answer": "vocational training", "sentence": "By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training .", "paragraph_sentence": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. <hl> By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training . <hl> The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_answer": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more <hl> vocational training <hl>. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "sentence_answer": "By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more <hl> vocational training <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc6f2b22cd4dfcfbe909"}
{"question": "When did the average human height come back to pre-Neolithic revolution averages?", "paragraph": "It has long been taken for granted that the introduction of agriculture had been an unequivocal progress. This is now questioned in view of findings by archaeologists and paleopathologists showing that nutritional standards of Neolithic populations were generally inferior to that of hunter-gatherers, and that their life expectancy may well have been shorter too, in part due to diseases and harder work - hunter-gatherers must have covered their food needs with about 20 hours' work a week, while agriculture required much more and was at least as uncertain. The hunter-gatherers' diet was more varied and balanced than what agriculture later allowed. Average height went down from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels. Agriculturalists had more anaemias and vitamin deficiencies, more spinal deformations and more dental pathologies.", "answer": "the twentieth century", "sentence": "Average height went down from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels.", "paragraph_sentence": "It has long been taken for granted that the introduction of agriculture had been an unequivocal progress. This is now questioned in view of findings by archaeologists and paleopathologists showing that nutritional standards of Neolithic populations were generally inferior to that of hunter-gatherers, and that their life expectancy may well have been shorter too, in part due to diseases and harder work - hunter-gatherers must have covered their food needs with about 20 hours' work a week, while agriculture required much more and was at least as uncertain. The hunter-gatherers' diet was more varied and balanced than what agriculture later allowed. <hl> Average height went down from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until the twentieth century for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels. <hl> Agriculturalists had more anaemias and vitamin deficiencies, more spinal deformations and more dental pathologies.", "paragraph_answer": "It has long been taken for granted that the introduction of agriculture had been an unequivocal progress. This is now questioned in view of findings by archaeologists and paleopathologists showing that nutritional standards of Neolithic populations were generally inferior to that of hunter-gatherers, and that their life expectancy may well have been shorter too, in part due to diseases and harder work - hunter-gatherers must have covered their food needs with about 20 hours' work a week, while agriculture required much more and was at least as uncertain. The hunter-gatherers' diet was more varied and balanced than what agriculture later allowed. Average height went down from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until <hl> the twentieth century <hl> for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels. Agriculturalists had more anaemias and vitamin deficiencies, more spinal deformations and more dental pathologies.", "sentence_answer": "Average height went down from 5'10\" (178 cm) for men and 5'6\" (168 cm) for women to 5'5\" (165 cm) and 5'1\" (155 cm), respectively, and it took until <hl> the twentieth century <hl> for average human height to come back to the pre-Neolithic Revolution levels.", "paragraph_id": "5d67447d2b22cd4dfcfbf47a"}
{"question": "What is the name of the European king elder sister?", "paragraph": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "answer": "Marguerite de Navarre", "sentence": "He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre , the elder sister of the king.", "paragraph_sentence": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. <hl> He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre , the elder sister of the king. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after <hl> Marguerite de Navarre <hl>, the elder sister of the king.", "sentence_answer": "He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after <hl> Marguerite de Navarre <hl> , the elder sister of the king.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e5632b22cd4dfcfc03ca"}
{"question": "How do i-stems behave?", "paragraph": "Irregular verbs may not follow these types, or may be marked in a different way. The \"endings\" presented above are not the suffixed infinitive markers. The first letter in each case is the last of the stem, because of which the conjugations are also called the a-conjugation, e-conjugation and i-conjugation. The fused infinitive ending is -re or -r\u012b. Third-conjugation stems end in a consonant: the consonant conjugation. Further, there is a subset of the 3rd conjugation, the i-stems, which behave somewhat like the 4th conjugation, as they are both i-stems, one short and the other long. These stem categories descend from Indo-European, and can therefore be compared to similar conjugations in other Indo-European languages.", "answer": "like the 4th conjugation", "sentence": "Further, there is a subset of the 3rd conjugation, the i-stems, which behave somewhat like the 4th conjugation , as they are both i-stems, one short and the other long.", "paragraph_sentence": "Irregular verbs may not follow these types, or may be marked in a different way. The \"endings\" presented above are not the suffixed infinitive markers. The first letter in each case is the last of the stem, because of which the conjugations are also called the a-conjugation, e-conjugation and i-conjugation. The fused infinitive ending is -re or -r\u012b. Third-conjugation stems end in a consonant: the consonant conjugation. <hl> Further, there is a subset of the 3rd conjugation, the i-stems, which behave somewhat like the 4th conjugation , as they are both i-stems, one short and the other long. <hl> These stem categories descend from Indo-European, and can therefore be compared to similar conjugations in other Indo-European languages.", "paragraph_answer": "Irregular verbs may not follow these types, or may be marked in a different way. The \"endings\" presented above are not the suffixed infinitive markers. The first letter in each case is the last of the stem, because of which the conjugations are also called the a-conjugation, e-conjugation and i-conjugation. The fused infinitive ending is -re or -r\u012b. Third-conjugation stems end in a consonant: the consonant conjugation. Further, there is a subset of the 3rd conjugation, the i-stems, which behave somewhat <hl> like the 4th conjugation <hl>, as they are both i-stems, one short and the other long. These stem categories descend from Indo-European, and can therefore be compared to similar conjugations in other Indo-European languages.", "sentence_answer": "Further, there is a subset of the 3rd conjugation, the i-stems, which behave somewhat <hl> like the 4th conjugation <hl> , as they are both i-stems, one short and the other long.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f55f2b22cd4dfcfbd40b"}
{"question": "What do earthquake engineers do?", "paragraph": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake.", "answer": "design and construct the structures", "sentence": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and <hl> design and construct the structures <hl> to perform during an earthquake.", "sentence_answer": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and <hl> design and construct the structures <hl> to perform during an earthquake.", "paragraph_id": "5d6727fa2b22cd4dfcfbf116"}
{"question": "What correctors are considered catadioptric systems?", "paragraph": "Other uses are in imaging systems such as monoculars, binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, cameras and projectors. Some of these instruments produce a virtual image when applied to the human eye; others produce a real image that can be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or can be viewed on a screen. In these devices lenses are sometimes paired up with curved mirrors to make a catadioptric system where the lens's spherical aberration corrects the opposite aberration in the mirror (such as Schmidt and meniscus correctors).", "answer": "Schmidt and meniscus", "sentence": "In these devices lenses are sometimes paired up with curved mirrors to make a catadioptric system where the lens's spherical aberration corrects the opposite aberration in the mirror (such as Schmidt and meniscus correctors).", "paragraph_sentence": "Other uses are in imaging systems such as monoculars, binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, cameras and projectors. Some of these instruments produce a virtual image when applied to the human eye; others produce a real image that can be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or can be viewed on a screen. <hl> In these devices lenses are sometimes paired up with curved mirrors to make a catadioptric system where the lens's spherical aberration corrects the opposite aberration in the mirror (such as Schmidt and meniscus correctors). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Other uses are in imaging systems such as monoculars, binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, cameras and projectors. Some of these instruments produce a virtual image when applied to the human eye; others produce a real image that can be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or can be viewed on a screen. In these devices lenses are sometimes paired up with curved mirrors to make a catadioptric system where the lens's spherical aberration corrects the opposite aberration in the mirror (such as <hl> Schmidt and meniscus <hl> correctors).", "sentence_answer": "In these devices lenses are sometimes paired up with curved mirrors to make a catadioptric system where the lens's spherical aberration corrects the opposite aberration in the mirror (such as <hl> Schmidt and meniscus <hl> correctors).", "paragraph_id": "5d67068a2b22cd4dfcfbeaf9"}
{"question": "Welds, screws, rivets and bolts hold what together?", "paragraph": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "answer": "components", "sentence": "Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "paragraph_sentence": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). <hl> Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the <hl> components <hl> together.", "sentence_answer": "Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the <hl> components <hl> together.", "paragraph_id": "5d678cc82b22cd4dfcfbfe5d"}
{"question": "In what years did the C melody enjoy it's success", "paragraph": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in B\u266d and E\u266d. The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F, has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument. One company has recently revived production of the C soprano and C melody. Instruments in F are rare.", "answer": "the late 1920s and early 1930s", "sentence": "The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument.", "paragraph_sentence": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in B\u266d and E\u266d. The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F, has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. <hl> The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument. <hl> One company has recently revived production of the C soprano and C melody. Instruments in F are rare.", "paragraph_answer": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in B\u266d and E\u266d. The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F, has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. The C melody enjoyed some success in <hl> the late 1920s and early 1930s <hl> as a parlor instrument. One company has recently revived production of the C soprano and C melody. Instruments in F are rare.", "sentence_answer": "The C melody enjoyed some success in <hl> the late 1920s and early 1930s <hl> as a parlor instrument.", "paragraph_id": "5d675ccc2b22cd4dfcfbf889"}
{"question": "Who is a famous writer whose name was used for the troops?", "paragraph": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "answer": "Ivan Cankar", "sentence": "An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "paragraph_sentence": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. <hl> An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the <hl> Ivan Cankar <hl> battalion.", "sentence_answer": "An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the <hl> Ivan Cankar <hl> battalion.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725b02b22cd4dfcfbf0c2"}
{"question": "In what circumstance can the team in possession of the puck pull the goalie to use as another attacker?", "paragraph": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "answer": "the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal", "sentence": "Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal .", "paragraph_sentence": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. <hl> Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal . <hl> In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "paragraph_answer": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because <hl> the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal <hl>. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "sentence_answer": "Because <hl> the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675b392b22cd4dfcfbf828"}
{"question": "What did the statement of December 1922 entail?", "paragraph": "As Lenin neared death after suffering strokes, he declared in his testament of December 1922 an order to remove Joseph Stalin from his post as General Secretary and replace him by \"some other person who is superior to Stalin only in one respect, namely, in being more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more attentive to comrades\". When Lenin died in January 1924, the testament was read out to a meeting of the party's Central Committee. However, party members believed that Stalin had improved his reputation in 1923 and ignored Lenin's order. Lev Kamenev and Grigory Zinoviev believed that the real threat to the party came from Trotsky, head of the Red Army, due to his association with the army and his powerful personality. Kamenev and Zinoviev collaborated with Stalin in a power-sharing triumvirate where Stalin retained his position as General Secretary. The confrontation between the triumvirate and Trotsky began over the debate between the policy of Permanent Revolution as advocated by Trotsky and Socialism in One Country as advocated by Stalin. Trotsky's Permanent Revolution advocated rapid industrialisation, elimination of private farming, and having the Soviet Union promote the spread of communist revolution abroad. Stalin's Socialism in One Country stressed moderation and development of positive relations between the Soviet Union and other countries to increase trade and foreign investment. Stalin was not particularly committed to these positions, but used them as a means to isolate Trotsky. In 1925, Stalin's policy won the support of the 14th Party Congress while Trotsky was defeated.", "answer": "an order to remove Joseph Stalin from his post as General Secretary", "sentence": "As Lenin neared death after suffering strokes, he declared in his testament of December 1922 an order to remove Joseph Stalin from his post as General Secretary and replace him by \"some other person who is superior to Stalin only in one respect, namely, in being more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more attentive to comrades\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As Lenin neared death after suffering strokes, he declared in his testament of December 1922 an order to remove Joseph Stalin from his post as General Secretary and replace him by \"some other person who is superior to Stalin only in one respect, namely, in being more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more attentive to comrades\". <hl> When Lenin died in January 1924, the testament was read out to a meeting of the party's Central Committee. However, party members believed that Stalin had improved his reputation in 1923 and ignored Lenin's order. Lev Kamenev and Grigory Zinoviev believed that the real threat to the party came from Trotsky, head of the Red Army, due to his association with the army and his powerful personality. Kamenev and Zinoviev collaborated with Stalin in a power-sharing triumvirate where Stalin retained his position as General Secretary. The confrontation between the triumvirate and Trotsky began over the debate between the policy of Permanent Revolution as advocated by Trotsky and Socialism in One Country as advocated by Stalin. Trotsky's Permanent Revolution advocated rapid industrialisation, elimination of private farming, and having the Soviet Union promote the spread of communist revolution abroad. Stalin's Socialism in One Country stressed moderation and development of positive relations between the Soviet Union and other countries to increase trade and foreign investment. Stalin was not particularly committed to these positions, but used them as a means to isolate Trotsky. In 1925, Stalin's policy won the support of the 14th Party Congress while Trotsky was defeated.", "paragraph_answer": "As Lenin neared death after suffering strokes, he declared in his testament of December 1922 <hl> an order to remove Joseph Stalin from his post as General Secretary <hl> and replace him by \"some other person who is superior to Stalin only in one respect, namely, in being more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more attentive to comrades\". When Lenin died in January 1924, the testament was read out to a meeting of the party's Central Committee. However, party members believed that Stalin had improved his reputation in 1923 and ignored Lenin's order. Lev Kamenev and Grigory Zinoviev believed that the real threat to the party came from Trotsky, head of the Red Army, due to his association with the army and his powerful personality. Kamenev and Zinoviev collaborated with Stalin in a power-sharing triumvirate where Stalin retained his position as General Secretary. The confrontation between the triumvirate and Trotsky began over the debate between the policy of Permanent Revolution as advocated by Trotsky and Socialism in One Country as advocated by Stalin. Trotsky's Permanent Revolution advocated rapid industrialisation, elimination of private farming, and having the Soviet Union promote the spread of communist revolution abroad. Stalin's Socialism in One Country stressed moderation and development of positive relations between the Soviet Union and other countries to increase trade and foreign investment. Stalin was not particularly committed to these positions, but used them as a means to isolate Trotsky. In 1925, Stalin's policy won the support of the 14th Party Congress while Trotsky was defeated.", "sentence_answer": "As Lenin neared death after suffering strokes, he declared in his testament of December 1922 <hl> an order to remove Joseph Stalin from his post as General Secretary <hl> and replace him by \"some other person who is superior to Stalin only in one respect, namely, in being more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more attentive to comrades\".", "paragraph_id": "5d675da22b22cd4dfcfbf8bb"}
{"question": "What high school near Pitt was chosen as a historical landmark?", "paragraph": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "answer": "Schenley High School", "sentence": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School , Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School , Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. <hl> Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "paragraph_answer": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, <hl> Schenley High School <hl>, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "sentence_answer": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, <hl> Schenley High School <hl> , Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture.", "paragraph_id": "5d6705222b22cd4dfcfbeabf"}
{"question": "Which rivers drain from the west?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak", "sentence": "Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak .", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. <hl> Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak . <hl> Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the <hl> Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak <hl>. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Important rivers draining the western area include the <hl> Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebb3"}
{"question": "How many more Africans were brought over in the next 50 years?", "paragraph": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "answer": "About 170,000 more", "sentence": "About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades.", "paragraph_sentence": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. <hl> About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. <hl> By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. <hl> About 170,000 more <hl> Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> About 170,000 more <hl> Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades.", "paragraph_id": "5d667a392b22cd4dfcfbe056"}
{"question": "What is Instanbul also know for being for the country of Turkey?", "paragraph": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side.\nThe city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "answer": "The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province)", "sentence": "Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side.\n The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province) , both hosting a population of around 14 million residents.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. <hl> Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province) , both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. <hl> Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. <hl> The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province) <hl>, both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "sentence_answer": "Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. <hl> The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province) <hl> , both hosting a population of around 14 million residents.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ddcf2b22cd4dfcfbcfd3"}
{"question": "How many areas on Africa have differently developing agriculture?", "paragraph": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. By contrast,   Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent.  \nMany grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP.\nUnlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "answer": "three", "sentence": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. <hl> By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent. Many grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP. Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "paragraph_answer": "On the African continent, <hl> three <hl> areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent. Many grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP. Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "sentence_answer": "On the African continent, <hl> three <hl> areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f31d2b22cd4dfcfbe708"}
{"question": "Which political group dominated the presidential republican wing in New England during the 195's?", "paragraph": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "answer": "moderates", "sentence": "The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states.", "paragraph_sentence": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. <hl> The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. <hl> From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "paragraph_answer": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The <hl> moderates <hl> tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> moderates <hl> tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states.", "paragraph_id": "5d6743c62b22cd4dfcfbf45b"}
{"question": "In what sense are state governments not sovereign?", "paragraph": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "answer": "in the Westphalian sense", "sentence": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. <hl> Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_answer": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign <hl> in the Westphalian sense <hl> in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "sentence_answer": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign <hl> in the Westphalian sense <hl> in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770a22b22cd4dfcfbfbc1"}
{"question": "Which school was created by Bard college?", "paragraph": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School, Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. Bard High School Early College, a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "answer": "Bard High School Early College", "sentence": "Bard High School Early College , a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School, Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. <hl> Bard High School Early College , a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School, Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. <hl> Bard High School Early College <hl>, a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Bard High School Early College <hl> , a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a5392b22cd4dfcfbfeed"}
{"question": "What can two afocal lense form?", "paragraph": "If the separation distance is equal to the sum of the focal lengths (d = f1+f2), the FFL and BFL are infinite. This corresponds to a pair of lenses that transform a parallel (collimated) beam into another collimated beam. This type of system is called an afocal system, since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope. Although the system does not alter the divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by", "answer": "the simplest type of optical telescope", "sentence": "Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope .", "paragraph_sentence": "If the separation distance is equal to the sum of the focal lengths (d = f1+f2), the FFL and BFL are infinite. This corresponds to a pair of lenses that transform a parallel (collimated) beam into another collimated beam. This type of system is called an afocal system, since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. <hl> Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope . <hl> Although the system does not alter the divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by", "paragraph_answer": "If the separation distance is equal to the sum of the focal lengths (d = f1+f2), the FFL and BFL are infinite. This corresponds to a pair of lenses that transform a parallel (collimated) beam into another collimated beam. This type of system is called an afocal system, since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. Two lenses at this separation form <hl> the simplest type of optical telescope <hl>. Although the system does not alter the divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by", "sentence_answer": "Two lenses at this separation form <hl> the simplest type of optical telescope <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6702062b22cd4dfcfbea22"}
{"question": "Does the Atacama Desert have much life or is it virtually lifeless?", "paragraph": "The Andean region cuts across several natural and floristic regions due to its extension from Caribbean Venezuela to cold, windy and wet Cape Horn passing through the hyperarid Atacama Desert. Rainforests and tropical dry forests used to encircle much of the northern Andes but are now greatly diminished, especially in the Choc\u00f3 and inter-Andean valleys of Colombia. As a direct opposite of the humid Andean slopes are the relatively dry Andean slopes in most of western Peru, Chile and Argentina. Along with several Interandean Valles, they are typically dominated by deciduous woodland, shrub and xeric vegetation, reaching the extreme in the slopes near the virtually lifeless Atacama Desert.", "answer": "virtually lifeless", "sentence": "Along with several Interandean Valles, they are typically dominated by deciduous woodland, shrub and xeric vegetation, reaching the extreme in the slopes near the virtually lifeless Atacama Desert.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andean region cuts across several natural and floristic regions due to its extension from Caribbean Venezuela to cold, windy and wet Cape Horn passing through the hyperarid Atacama Desert. Rainforests and tropical dry forests used to encircle much of the northern Andes but are now greatly diminished, especially in the Choc\u00f3 and inter-Andean valleys of Colombia. As a direct opposite of the humid Andean slopes are the relatively dry Andean slopes in most of western Peru, Chile and Argentina. <hl> Along with several Interandean Valles, they are typically dominated by deciduous woodland, shrub and xeric vegetation, reaching the extreme in the slopes near the virtually lifeless Atacama Desert. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Andean region cuts across several natural and floristic regions due to its extension from Caribbean Venezuela to cold, windy and wet Cape Horn passing through the hyperarid Atacama Desert. Rainforests and tropical dry forests used to encircle much of the northern Andes but are now greatly diminished, especially in the Choc\u00f3 and inter-Andean valleys of Colombia. As a direct opposite of the humid Andean slopes are the relatively dry Andean slopes in most of western Peru, Chile and Argentina. Along with several Interandean Valles, they are typically dominated by deciduous woodland, shrub and xeric vegetation, reaching the extreme in the slopes near the <hl> virtually lifeless <hl> Atacama Desert.", "sentence_answer": "Along with several Interandean Valles, they are typically dominated by deciduous woodland, shrub and xeric vegetation, reaching the extreme in the slopes near the <hl> virtually lifeless <hl> Atacama Desert.", "paragraph_id": "5d6584552b22cd4dfcfbc9db"}
{"question": "What is another name for homomorphisms?", "paragraph": "The idea of structure-preserving functions, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory. In fact, functions f: X \u2192 Y are the morphisms in the category of sets, including the empty set: if the domain X is the empty set, then the subset of X \u00d7 Y describing the function is necessarily empty, too. However, this is still a well-defined function. Such a function is called an empty function. In particular, the identity function of the empty set is defined, a requirement for sets to form a category.", "answer": "structure-preserving functions", "sentence": "The idea of structure-preserving functions , or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The idea of structure-preserving functions , or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory. <hl> In fact, functions f: X \u2192 Y are the morphisms in the category of sets, including the empty set: if the domain X is the empty set, then the subset of X \u00d7 Y describing the function is necessarily empty, too. However, this is still a well-defined function. Such a function is called an empty function. In particular, the identity function of the empty set is defined, a requirement for sets to form a category.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of <hl> structure-preserving functions <hl>, or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory. In fact, functions f: X \u2192 Y are the morphisms in the category of sets, including the empty set: if the domain X is the empty set, then the subset of X \u00d7 Y describing the function is necessarily empty, too. However, this is still a well-defined function. Such a function is called an empty function. In particular, the identity function of the empty set is defined, a requirement for sets to form a category.", "sentence_answer": "The idea of <hl> structure-preserving functions <hl> , or homomorphisms, led to the abstract notion of morphism, the key concept of category theory.", "paragraph_id": "5d66cad12b22cd4dfcfbe4a8"}
{"question": "What's the objective of the convention?", "paragraph": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. The convention may choose to endorse a candidate, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "answer": "choose to endorse a candidate", "sentence": "The convention may choose to endorse a candidate , who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "paragraph_sentence": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. <hl> The convention may choose to endorse a candidate , who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. The convention may <hl> choose to endorse a candidate <hl>, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "sentence_answer": "The convention may <hl> choose to endorse a candidate <hl> , who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "paragraph_id": "5d6682ae2b22cd4dfcfbe146"}
{"question": "What was burned in a fire that pertained to the Walker party and the Bonneville Expedition?", "paragraph": "In 1833, a subgroup of the Bonneville Expedition led by Joseph Reddeford Walker was sent westward to find an overland route to California. Eventually the party discovered a route along the Humboldt River across present-day Nevada, ascending the Sierra Nevada, starting near present-day Bridgeport and descending between the Tuolumne and Merced River drainage. The group may have been the first non-indigenous people to see Yosemite Valley. The Walker party probably visited either the Tuolumne or Merced Groves of Giant Sequoia, becoming the first non-indigenous people to see the giant trees, but journals relating to the Walker party were destroyed in 1839, in a print shop fire in Philadelphia.", "answer": "journals", "sentence": "The Walker party probably visited either the Tuolumne or Merced Groves of Giant Sequoia, becoming the first non-indigenous people to see the giant trees, but journals relating to the Walker party were destroyed in 1839, in a print shop fire in Philadelphia.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1833, a subgroup of the Bonneville Expedition led by Joseph Reddeford Walker was sent westward to find an overland route to California. Eventually the party discovered a route along the Humboldt River across present-day Nevada, ascending the Sierra Nevada, starting near present-day Bridgeport and descending between the Tuolumne and Merced River drainage. The group may have been the first non-indigenous people to see Yosemite Valley. <hl> The Walker party probably visited either the Tuolumne or Merced Groves of Giant Sequoia, becoming the first non-indigenous people to see the giant trees, but journals relating to the Walker party were destroyed in 1839, in a print shop fire in Philadelphia. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1833, a subgroup of the Bonneville Expedition led by Joseph Reddeford Walker was sent westward to find an overland route to California. Eventually the party discovered a route along the Humboldt River across present-day Nevada, ascending the Sierra Nevada, starting near present-day Bridgeport and descending between the Tuolumne and Merced River drainage. The group may have been the first non-indigenous people to see Yosemite Valley. The Walker party probably visited either the Tuolumne or Merced Groves of Giant Sequoia, becoming the first non-indigenous people to see the giant trees, but <hl> journals <hl> relating to the Walker party were destroyed in 1839, in a print shop fire in Philadelphia.", "sentence_answer": "The Walker party probably visited either the Tuolumne or Merced Groves of Giant Sequoia, becoming the first non-indigenous people to see the giant trees, but <hl> journals <hl> relating to the Walker party were destroyed in 1839, in a print shop fire in Philadelphia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707422b22cd4dfcfbeb29"}
{"question": "what are the dangers of organotin exposure?", "paragraph": "Cases of poisoning from tin metal, its oxides, and its salts are \"almost unknown\". On the other hand, certain organotin compounds are almost as toxic as cyanide.", "answer": "toxic", "sentence": "On the other hand, certain organotin compounds are almost as toxic as cyanide.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cases of poisoning from tin metal, its oxides, and its salts are \"almost unknown\". <hl> On the other hand, certain organotin compounds are almost as toxic as cyanide. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Cases of poisoning from tin metal, its oxides, and its salts are \"almost unknown\". On the other hand, certain organotin compounds are almost as <hl> toxic <hl> as cyanide.", "sentence_answer": "On the other hand, certain organotin compounds are almost as <hl> toxic <hl> as cyanide.", "paragraph_id": "5d67479e2b22cd4dfcfbf4dd"}
{"question": "When did Europeans colonize the Canary Islands?", "paragraph": "Upon discovering new lands through their naval explorations, European colonisers soon began to migrate to and settle in lands outside their native continent. Off the coast of Africa, European migrants, under the directions of the Kingdom of Castile, invaded and colonised the Canary Islands during the 15th century, where they converted much of the land to the production of wine and sugar. Along with this, they also captured native Canary Islanders, the Guanches, to use as slaves both on the Islands and across the Christian Mediterranean.", "answer": "15th century", "sentence": "Off the coast of Africa, European migrants, under the directions of the Kingdom of Castile, invaded and colonised the Canary Islands during the 15th century , where they converted much of the land to the production of wine and sugar.", "paragraph_sentence": "Upon discovering new lands through their naval explorations, European colonisers soon began to migrate to and settle in lands outside their native continent. <hl> Off the coast of Africa, European migrants, under the directions of the Kingdom of Castile, invaded and colonised the Canary Islands during the 15th century , where they converted much of the land to the production of wine and sugar. <hl> Along with this, they also captured native Canary Islanders, the Guanches, to use as slaves both on the Islands and across the Christian Mediterranean.", "paragraph_answer": "Upon discovering new lands through their naval explorations, European colonisers soon began to migrate to and settle in lands outside their native continent. Off the coast of Africa, European migrants, under the directions of the Kingdom of Castile, invaded and colonised the Canary Islands during the <hl> 15th century <hl>, where they converted much of the land to the production of wine and sugar. Along with this, they also captured native Canary Islanders, the Guanches, to use as slaves both on the Islands and across the Christian Mediterranean.", "sentence_answer": "Off the coast of Africa, European migrants, under the directions of the Kingdom of Castile, invaded and colonised the Canary Islands during the <hl> 15th century <hl> , where they converted much of the land to the production of wine and sugar.", "paragraph_id": "5d669f8f2b22cd4dfcfbe36a"}
{"question": "Neolithic societies modified their natural enviornments to achieve what?", "paragraph": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "answer": "food-crop cultivation", "sentence": "These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. <hl> These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized <hl> food-crop cultivation <hl> (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "sentence_answer": "These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized <hl> food-crop cultivation <hl> (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714242b22cd4dfcfbee4b"}
{"question": "Why is Latin used?", "paragraph": "Some films of ancient settings, such as Sebastiane and The Passion of the Christ, have been made with dialogue in Latin for the sake of realism. Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/TV series as The Exorcist and Lost (\"Jughead\"). Subtitles are usually shown for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also songs written with Latin lyrics. The libretto for the opera-oratorio Oedipus rex (opera) by Igor Stravinsky is in Latin.", "answer": "for the sake of realism", "sentence": "Some films of ancient settings, such as Sebastiane and The Passion of the Christ, have been made with dialogue in Latin for the sake of realism .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some films of ancient settings, such as Sebastiane and The Passion of the Christ, have been made with dialogue in Latin for the sake of realism . <hl> Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/TV series as The Exorcist and Lost (\"Jughead\"). Subtitles are usually shown for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also songs written with Latin lyrics. The libretto for the opera-oratorio Oedipus rex (opera) by Igor Stravinsky is in Latin.", "paragraph_answer": "Some films of ancient settings, such as Sebastiane and The Passion of the Christ, have been made with dialogue in Latin <hl> for the sake of realism <hl>. Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/TV series as The Exorcist and Lost (\"Jughead\"). Subtitles are usually shown for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also songs written with Latin lyrics. The libretto for the opera-oratorio Oedipus rex (opera) by Igor Stravinsky is in Latin.", "sentence_answer": "Some films of ancient settings, such as Sebastiane and The Passion of the Christ, have been made with dialogue in Latin <hl> for the sake of realism <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6600882b22cd4dfcfbd555"}
{"question": "In 2006, how much was spent on Homeless Assistance Grants?", "paragraph": "Many programs that are designed to assist the homeless population have incorporated some type of housing program for their clients. Whether it is a transitional, permanent or even emergency housing program, the assistance is often provided for a very low cost and maybe even free. In the United States each year, there are around 3.5 million people who live their lives without shelter or a stable occupation. For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. As one example, Volunteers of America is an agency that believes preventing family homelessness is a critical part of their organization. Through them, transitional housing and emergency shelters are available to those who are in desperate need. There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800-member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "answer": "$1.4 billion", "sentence": "For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many programs that are designed to assist the homeless population have incorporated some type of housing program for their clients. Whether it is a transitional, permanent or even emergency housing program, the assistance is often provided for a very low cost and maybe even free. In the United States each year, there are around 3.5 million people who live their lives without shelter or a stable occupation. <hl> For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. <hl> As one example, Volunteers of America is an agency that believes preventing family homelessness is a critical part of their organization. Through them, transitional housing and emergency shelters are available to those who are in desperate need. There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800-member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "paragraph_answer": "Many programs that are designed to assist the homeless population have incorporated some type of housing program for their clients. Whether it is a transitional, permanent or even emergency housing program, the assistance is often provided for a very low cost and maybe even free. In the United States each year, there are around 3.5 million people who live their lives without shelter or a stable occupation. For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and <hl> $1.4 billion <hl> was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. As one example, Volunteers of America is an agency that believes preventing family homelessness is a critical part of their organization. Through them, transitional housing and emergency shelters are available to those who are in desperate need. There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800-member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "sentence_answer": "For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and <hl> $1.4 billion <hl> was used for Homeless Assistance Grants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6662ac2b22cd4dfcfbdd4a"}
{"question": "When did Gorbachev announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union?", "paragraph": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "answer": "December 25, 1991", "sentence": "On December 25, 1991 , Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. <hl> On December 25, 1991 , Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On <hl> December 25, 1991 <hl>, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "sentence_answer": "On <hl> December 25, 1991 <hl> , Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c2852b22cd4dfcfc017c"}
{"question": "Where in India is the use of two names not universal?", "paragraph": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "answer": "In south India", "sentence": "In south India , where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. <hl> In south India , where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. <hl> In south India <hl>, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In south India <hl> , where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6d32b22cd4dfcfbff16"}
{"question": "What British town produced the largest amount of guns at that time?", "paragraph": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves. 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "answer": "Birmingham", "sentence": "Birmingham , the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves.", "paragraph_sentence": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. <hl> Birmingham , the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves. <hl> 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "paragraph_answer": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. <hl> Birmingham <hl>, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves. 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Birmingham <hl> , the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves.", "paragraph_id": "5d65db482b22cd4dfcfbcf39"}
{"question": "When was the only instance in which a joint sitting of the two houses was held?", "paragraph": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it, or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. After a double dissolution election, if the bills in question are reintroduced, and if they again fail to pass the Senate, the Governor-General may agree to a joint sitting of the two houses in an attempt to pass the bills. Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974.", "answer": "1974", "sentence": "Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974 .", "paragraph_sentence": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it, or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. After a double dissolution election, if the bills in question are reintroduced, and if they again fail to pass the Senate, the Governor-General may agree to a joint sitting of the two houses in an attempt to pass the bills. <hl> Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it, or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. After a double dissolution election, if the bills in question are reintroduced, and if they again fail to pass the Senate, the Governor-General may agree to a joint sitting of the two houses in an attempt to pass the bills. Such a sitting has only occurred once, in <hl> 1974 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Such a sitting has only occurred once, in <hl> 1974 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d3d02b22cd4dfcfbce30"}
{"question": "What discipline focuses on the classification and the pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous systems?", "paragraph": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "answer": "Neuropathology", "sentence": "Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. <hl> Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. <hl> Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "paragraph_answer": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. <hl> Neuropathology <hl> focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Neuropathology <hl> focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations.", "paragraph_id": "5d672dad2b22cd4dfcfbf1c6"}
{"question": "Of what was the Connecticut Colony considered a part of legally?", "paragraph": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "answer": "Massachusetts Bay", "sentence": "They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay .", "paragraph_sentence": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. <hl> They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay . <hl> In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of <hl> Massachusetts Bay <hl>. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of <hl> Massachusetts Bay <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6785fa2b22cd4dfcfbfde5"}
{"question": "Vitamins A,D,E and K are all examples of vitamin that are kind of soluble?", "paragraph": "The \"fat-soluble\" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes. Polyprenol phosphate sugars and polyprenol diphosphate sugars function in extra-cytoplasmic glycosylation reactions, in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis (for instance, peptidoglycan polymerization in bacteria), and in eukaryotic protein N-glycosylation. Cardiolipins are a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing four acyl chains and three glycerol groups that are particularly abundant in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are believed to activate enzymes involved with oxidative phosphorylation. Lipids also form the basis of steroid hormones.", "answer": "fat-soluble", "sentence": "The \" fat-soluble \" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The \" fat-soluble \" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. <hl> Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes. Polyprenol phosphate sugars and polyprenol diphosphate sugars function in extra-cytoplasmic glycosylation reactions, in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis (for instance, peptidoglycan polymerization in bacteria), and in eukaryotic protein N-glycosylation. Cardiolipins are a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing four acyl chains and three glycerol groups that are particularly abundant in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are believed to activate enzymes involved with oxidative phosphorylation. Lipids also form the basis of steroid hormones.", "paragraph_answer": "The \"<hl> fat-soluble <hl>\" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes. Polyprenol phosphate sugars and polyprenol diphosphate sugars function in extra-cytoplasmic glycosylation reactions, in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis (for instance, peptidoglycan polymerization in bacteria), and in eukaryotic protein N-glycosylation. Cardiolipins are a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing four acyl chains and three glycerol groups that are particularly abundant in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are believed to activate enzymes involved with oxidative phosphorylation. Lipids also form the basis of steroid hormones.", "sentence_answer": "The \" <hl> fat-soluble <hl> \" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f7b62b22cd4dfcfc0490"}
{"question": "What happened to many of the rescue workers after the attack that eventually led to their deaths?", "paragraph": "On September 11, 2001, two of four hijacked planes were flown into the Twin Towers of the original World Trade Center, and the towers subsequently collapsed. 7 World Trade Center collapsed due to fires and structural damage caused by heavy debris falling from the collapse of the Twin Towers. The other buildings within the World Trade Center complex were damaged beyond repair and soon after demolished. The collapse of the Twin Towers caused extensive damage to other surrounding buildings and skyscrapers in Lower Manhattan, and resulted in the deaths of 2,606 people, in addition to those on the planes. Since 2001, most of Lower Manhattan has been restored, but there has been controversy surrounding the rebuilding. However, many rescue workers and residents of the area developed several life-threatening illnesses that have led to some of their subsequent deaths. A memorial at the site was opened to the public on September 11, 2011, and the museum opened in 2014. In 2014, the new One World Trade Center, at 1,776 feet (541 m)* and formerly known as the Freedom Tower, became the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, while other skyscrapers were under construction at the site.", "answer": "developed several life-threatening illnesses", "sentence": "However, many rescue workers and residents of the area developed several life-threatening illnesses that have led to some of their subsequent deaths.", "paragraph_sentence": "On September 11, 2001, two of four hijacked planes were flown into the Twin Towers of the original World Trade Center, and the towers subsequently collapsed. 7 World Trade Center collapsed due to fires and structural damage caused by heavy debris falling from the collapse of the Twin Towers. The other buildings within the World Trade Center complex were damaged beyond repair and soon after demolished. The collapse of the Twin Towers caused extensive damage to other surrounding buildings and skyscrapers in Lower Manhattan, and resulted in the deaths of 2,606 people, in addition to those on the planes. Since 2001, most of Lower Manhattan has been restored, but there has been controversy surrounding the rebuilding. <hl> However, many rescue workers and residents of the area developed several life-threatening illnesses that have led to some of their subsequent deaths. <hl> A memorial at the site was opened to the public on September 11, 2011, and the museum opened in 2014. In 2014, the new One World Trade Center, at 1,776 feet (541 m)* and formerly known as the Freedom Tower, became the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, while other skyscrapers were under construction at the site.", "paragraph_answer": "On September 11, 2001, two of four hijacked planes were flown into the Twin Towers of the original World Trade Center, and the towers subsequently collapsed. 7 World Trade Center collapsed due to fires and structural damage caused by heavy debris falling from the collapse of the Twin Towers. The other buildings within the World Trade Center complex were damaged beyond repair and soon after demolished. The collapse of the Twin Towers caused extensive damage to other surrounding buildings and skyscrapers in Lower Manhattan, and resulted in the deaths of 2,606 people, in addition to those on the planes. Since 2001, most of Lower Manhattan has been restored, but there has been controversy surrounding the rebuilding. However, many rescue workers and residents of the area <hl> developed several life-threatening illnesses <hl> that have led to some of their subsequent deaths. A memorial at the site was opened to the public on September 11, 2011, and the museum opened in 2014. In 2014, the new One World Trade Center, at 1,776 feet (541 m)* and formerly known as the Freedom Tower, became the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, while other skyscrapers were under construction at the site.", "sentence_answer": "However, many rescue workers and residents of the area <hl> developed several life-threatening illnesses <hl> that have led to some of their subsequent deaths.", "paragraph_id": "5d67129c2b22cd4dfcfbee09"}
{"question": "Who organized E-Week each year?", "paragraph": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "answer": "Engineer Student Council", "sentence": "\"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie.", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. <hl> \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. <hl> Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "paragraph_answer": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the <hl> Engineer Student Council <hl> for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "sentence_answer": "\"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the <hl> Engineer Student Council <hl> for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie.", "paragraph_id": "5d676d7f2b22cd4dfcfbfb38"}
{"question": "Who took the photo for the cover picture of the first issue of The Sunday Times Magazine?", "paragraph": "In 1959 the Kemsley group was bought by Lord Thomson, and in October 1960 circulation reached one million for the first time. In another first, on 4 February 1962 the editor, Denis Hamilton, launched The Sunday Times Magazine. (At the insistence of newsagents, worried at the impact on sales of standalone magazines, it was initially called the \"colour section\" and did not take the name The Sunday Times Magazine until 9 August 1964.) The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by David Bailey. The magazine got off to a slow start, but the advertising soon began to pick up, and, over time, other newspapers launched magazines of their own.", "answer": "David Bailey", "sentence": "The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by David Bailey .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1959 the Kemsley group was bought by Lord Thomson, and in October 1960 circulation reached one million for the first time. In another first, on 4 February 1962 the editor, Denis Hamilton, launched The Sunday Times Magazine. (At the insistence of newsagents, worried at the impact on sales of standalone magazines, it was initially called the \"colour section\" and did not take the name The Sunday Times Magazine until 9 August 1964.) <hl> The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by David Bailey . <hl> The magazine got off to a slow start, but the advertising soon began to pick up, and, over time, other newspapers launched magazines of their own.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1959 the Kemsley group was bought by Lord Thomson, and in October 1960 circulation reached one million for the first time. In another first, on 4 February 1962 the editor, Denis Hamilton, launched The Sunday Times Magazine. (At the insistence of newsagents, worried at the impact on sales of standalone magazines, it was initially called the \"colour section\" and did not take the name The Sunday Times Magazine until 9 August 1964.) The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by <hl> David Bailey <hl>. The magazine got off to a slow start, but the advertising soon began to pick up, and, over time, other newspapers launched magazines of their own.", "sentence_answer": "The cover picture of the first issue was of Jean Shrimpton wearing a Mary Quant outfit and was taken by <hl> David Bailey <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6771b62b22cd4dfcfbfbf8"}
{"question": "What percentage of economic activity did the real estate industry account for in Connecticut in 2009?", "paragraph": "Finance and insurance is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. Major financial industry employers include The Hartford, Travelers, Cigna, Aetna, Mass Mutual, People's United Financial, Royal Bank of Scotland, UBS Bridgewater Associates and GE Capital. Separately, the real estate industry accounted for an additional 15% of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy; and William Raveis Real Estate.", "answer": "15", "sentence": "Separately, the real estate industry accounted for an additional 15 % of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy; and William Raveis Real Estate.", "paragraph_sentence": "Finance and insurance is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. Major financial industry employers include The Hartford, Travelers, Cigna, Aetna, Mass Mutual, People's United Financial, Royal Bank of Scotland, UBS Bridgewater Associates and GE Capital. <hl> Separately, the real estate industry accounted for an additional 15 % of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy; and William Raveis Real Estate. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Finance and insurance is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. Major financial industry employers include The Hartford, Travelers, Cigna, Aetna, Mass Mutual, People's United Financial, Royal Bank of Scotland, UBS Bridgewater Associates and GE Capital. Separately, the real estate industry accounted for an additional <hl> 15 <hl>% of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy; and William Raveis Real Estate.", "sentence_answer": "Separately, the real estate industry accounted for an additional <hl> 15 <hl> % of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy; and William Raveis Real Estate.", "paragraph_id": "5d66684d2b22cd4dfcfbde2a"}
{"question": "How many republicans agreed they would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one?", "paragraph": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "answer": "56%", "sentence": "A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing.", "paragraph_sentence": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". <hl> A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. <hl> Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "paragraph_answer": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with <hl> 56% <hl> of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "sentence_answer": "A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with <hl> 56% <hl> of Republicans agreeing.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d8b02b22cd4dfcfc0302"}
{"question": "What do elite high schools place a stronger emphasis on?", "paragraph": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "answer": "instruction in foreign languages", "sentence": "It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. <hl> It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages . <hl> Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on <hl> instruction in foreign languages <hl>. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "sentence_answer": "It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on <hl> instruction in foreign languages <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7e52b22cd4dfcfbd475"}
{"question": "Who argued that Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy?", "paragraph": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade, wrote:", "answer": "John Thornton", "sentence": "This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). <hl> This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". <hl> However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade, wrote:", "paragraph_answer": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by <hl> John Thornton <hl> (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade, wrote:", "sentence_answer": "This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by <hl> John Thornton <hl> (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1902b22cd4dfcfbd371"}
{"question": "What types of wages are the object of Connecticut income tax?", "paragraph": "All wages of Connecticut residents are subject to the state's income tax, even if earned outside the state. However, in those cases, Connecticut income tax must be withheld only to the extent the Connecticut tax exceeds the amount withheld by the other jurisdiction. Since New York and Massachusetts have higher tax rates than Connecticut, this effectively means that Connecticut residents that work in those states have no Connecticut income tax withheld. Connecticut permits a credit for taxes paid to other jurisdictions, but since residents who work in other states are still subject to Connecticut income taxation, they may owe taxes if the jurisdictional credit does not fully offset the Connecticut tax amount.", "answer": "All wages", "sentence": "All wages of Connecticut residents are subject to the state's income tax, even if earned outside the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> All wages of Connecticut residents are subject to the state's income tax, even if earned outside the state. <hl> However, in those cases, Connecticut income tax must be withheld only to the extent the Connecticut tax exceeds the amount withheld by the other jurisdiction. Since New York and Massachusetts have higher tax rates than Connecticut, this effectively means that Connecticut residents that work in those states have no Connecticut income tax withheld. Connecticut permits a credit for taxes paid to other jurisdictions, but since residents who work in other states are still subject to Connecticut income taxation, they may owe taxes if the jurisdictional credit does not fully offset the Connecticut tax amount.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> All wages <hl> of Connecticut residents are subject to the state's income tax, even if earned outside the state. However, in those cases, Connecticut income tax must be withheld only to the extent the Connecticut tax exceeds the amount withheld by the other jurisdiction. Since New York and Massachusetts have higher tax rates than Connecticut, this effectively means that Connecticut residents that work in those states have no Connecticut income tax withheld. Connecticut permits a credit for taxes paid to other jurisdictions, but since residents who work in other states are still subject to Connecticut income taxation, they may owe taxes if the jurisdictional credit does not fully offset the Connecticut tax amount.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> All wages <hl> of Connecticut residents are subject to the state's income tax, even if earned outside the state.", "paragraph_id": "5d6665742b22cd4dfcfbddb6"}
{"question": "What two things cause the air to become saturated?", "paragraph": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.  The main forms of precipitation include  drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail.  Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\".  Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.  Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.  Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "answer": "cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air", "sentence": " Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air .", "paragraph_sentence": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. <hl> Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air . <hl> Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: <hl> cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air <hl>. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "sentence_answer": " Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: <hl> cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676fc62b22cd4dfcfbfba0"}
{"question": "What did all three storms cause?", "paragraph": "In 2011 and 2012, Connecticut was hit by three major storms in just over 14 months, with all three causing extensive property damage and electric outages. Hurricane Irene struck Connecticut August 28 and damage totaled $235 million. Two months later in late October, the \"Halloween nor'easter\" dropped extensive snow onto trees, resulting in snapped branches and trunks that damaged power lines, with some areas not seeing electricity restored for 11 days. Hurricane Sandy had tropical storm-force winds when it reached Connecticut October 29, 2012. Sandy's winds drove storm surges into streets, and cut power to 98 percent of homes and businesses en route to more than $360 million in damage.", "answer": "electric outages", "sentence": "In 2011 and 2012, Connecticut was hit by three major storms in just over 14 months, with all three causing extensive property damage and electric outages .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2011 and 2012, Connecticut was hit by three major storms in just over 14 months, with all three causing extensive property damage and electric outages . <hl> Hurricane Irene struck Connecticut August 28 and damage totaled $235 million. Two months later in late October, the \"Halloween nor'easter\" dropped extensive snow onto trees, resulting in snapped branches and trunks that damaged power lines, with some areas not seeing electricity restored for 11 days. Hurricane Sandy had tropical storm-force winds when it reached Connecticut October 29, 2012. Sandy's winds drove storm surges into streets, and cut power to 98 percent of homes and businesses en route to more than $360 million in damage.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2011 and 2012, Connecticut was hit by three major storms in just over 14 months, with all three causing extensive property damage and <hl> electric outages <hl>. Hurricane Irene struck Connecticut August 28 and damage totaled $235 million. Two months later in late October, the \"Halloween nor'easter\" dropped extensive snow onto trees, resulting in snapped branches and trunks that damaged power lines, with some areas not seeing electricity restored for 11 days. Hurricane Sandy had tropical storm-force winds when it reached Connecticut October 29, 2012. Sandy's winds drove storm surges into streets, and cut power to 98 percent of homes and businesses en route to more than $360 million in damage.", "sentence_answer": "In 2011 and 2012, Connecticut was hit by three major storms in just over 14 months, with all three causing extensive property damage and <hl> electric outages <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6618af2b22cd4dfcfbd86a"}
{"question": "Which wars wreaked havoc on the colonies frontiers?", "paragraph": "At first, South Carolina was politically divided. Its ethnic makeup included the original settlers, a group of rich, slave-owning English settlers from the island of Barbados; and Huguenots, a French-speaking community of Protestants. Nearly continuous frontier warfare during the era of King William's War and Queen Anne's War drove economic and political wedges between merchants and planters. The disaster of the 1715 Yamasee War, which threatened the colony's viability, set off a decade of political turmoil. By 1729, the proprietary government had collapsed, and the Proprietors sold both colonies back to the British crown.", "answer": "King William's War and Queen Anne's War", "sentence": "Nearly continuous frontier warfare during the era of King William's War and Queen Anne's War drove economic and political wedges between merchants and planters.", "paragraph_sentence": "At first, South Carolina was politically divided. Its ethnic makeup included the original settlers, a group of rich, slave-owning English settlers from the island of Barbados; and Huguenots, a French-speaking community of Protestants. <hl> Nearly continuous frontier warfare during the era of King William's War and Queen Anne's War drove economic and political wedges between merchants and planters. <hl> The disaster of the 1715 Yamasee War, which threatened the colony's viability, set off a decade of political turmoil. By 1729, the proprietary government had collapsed, and the Proprietors sold both colonies back to the British crown.", "paragraph_answer": "At first, South Carolina was politically divided. Its ethnic makeup included the original settlers, a group of rich, slave-owning English settlers from the island of Barbados; and Huguenots, a French-speaking community of Protestants. Nearly continuous frontier warfare during the era of <hl> King William's War and Queen Anne's War <hl> drove economic and political wedges between merchants and planters. The disaster of the 1715 Yamasee War, which threatened the colony's viability, set off a decade of political turmoil. By 1729, the proprietary government had collapsed, and the Proprietors sold both colonies back to the British crown.", "sentence_answer": "Nearly continuous frontier warfare during the era of <hl> King William's War and Queen Anne's War <hl> drove economic and political wedges between merchants and planters.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fcfc2b22cd4dfcfbd4e8"}
{"question": "When was Jamestown founded?", "paragraph": "The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established May 14, 1607 near Chesapeake Bay. The business venture was financed and coordinated by the London Virginia Company, a joint stock company looking for gold. Its first years were extremely difficult, with very high death rates from disease and starvation, wars with local Indians, and little gold. The colony survived and flourished by turning to tobacco as a cash crop. By the late 17th century, Virginia's export economy was largely based on tobacco, and new, richer settlers came in to take up large portions of land, build large plantations and import indentured servants and slaves. In 1676, Bacon's Rebellion occurred, but was suppressed by royal officials. After Bacon's Rebellion, African slaves rapidly replaced indentured servants as Virginia's main labor force.", "answer": "May 14, 1607", "sentence": "The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established May 14, 1607 near Chesapeake Bay.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established May 14, 1607 near Chesapeake Bay. <hl> The business venture was financed and coordinated by the London Virginia Company, a joint stock company looking for gold. Its first years were extremely difficult, with very high death rates from disease and starvation, wars with local Indians, and little gold. The colony survived and flourished by turning to tobacco as a cash crop. By the late 17th century, Virginia's export economy was largely based on tobacco, and new, richer settlers came in to take up large portions of land, build large plantations and import indentured servants and slaves. In 1676, Bacon's Rebellion occurred, but was suppressed by royal officials. After Bacon's Rebellion, African slaves rapidly replaced indentured servants as Virginia's main labor force.", "paragraph_answer": "The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established <hl> May 14, 1607 <hl> near Chesapeake Bay. The business venture was financed and coordinated by the London Virginia Company, a joint stock company looking for gold. Its first years were extremely difficult, with very high death rates from disease and starvation, wars with local Indians, and little gold. The colony survived and flourished by turning to tobacco as a cash crop. By the late 17th century, Virginia's export economy was largely based on tobacco, and new, richer settlers came in to take up large portions of land, build large plantations and import indentured servants and slaves. In 1676, Bacon's Rebellion occurred, but was suppressed by royal officials. After Bacon's Rebellion, African slaves rapidly replaced indentured servants as Virginia's main labor force.", "sentence_answer": "The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established <hl> May 14, 1607 <hl> near Chesapeake Bay.", "paragraph_id": "5d6628572b22cd4dfcfbda4e"}
{"question": "When did the school achieve university status?", "paragraph": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "answer": "1819", "sentence": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. <hl> The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_answer": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in <hl> 1819 <hl> the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "sentence_answer": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in <hl> 1819 <hl> the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc6f2b22cd4dfcfbe906"}
{"question": "When was the first means of traversing the river made?", "paragraph": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"Oxenaforda\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time. It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900. In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes.", "answer": "AD 900", "sentence": "It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"Oxenaforda\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time. <hl> It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900 . <hl> In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"Oxenaforda\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time. It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around <hl> AD 900 <hl>. In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes.", "sentence_answer": "It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around <hl> AD 900 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6735ca2b22cd4dfcfbf292"}
{"question": "Who would need to use the Insurance Services Office?", "paragraph": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "answer": "insurance providers", "sentence": "Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. <hl> Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. Many <hl> insurance providers <hl> use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "sentence_answer": "Many <hl> insurance providers <hl> use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5f62b22cd4dfcfbcc94"}
{"question": "How many countries can a Pitt student study abroad in?", "paragraph": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns,  Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "answer": "over a hundred different countries", "sentence": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries , and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries , and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. <hl> The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in <hl> over a hundred different countries <hl>, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "sentence_answer": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in <hl> over a hundred different countries <hl> , and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7f12b22cd4dfcfc0206"}
{"question": "where were the slaves shipped ?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "to Belize", "sentence": "Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize .", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. <hl> Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped <hl> to Belize <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped <hl> to Belize <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d665ff92b22cd4dfcfbdcf4"}
{"question": "What does DARPA stand for?", "paragraph": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to \"..transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science\" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "answer": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency", "sentence": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. <hl> In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to \"..transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science\" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency <hl> (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to \"..transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science\" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency <hl> (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a83f2b22cd4dfcfbcad0"}
{"question": "When where the first calculations for building load preformed?", "paragraph": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "answer": "No record exists", "sentence": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). <hl> The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> No record exists <hl> of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> No record exists <hl> of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete).", "paragraph_id": "5d6760fa2b22cd4dfcfbf938"}
{"question": "What city surpassed Istanbul for Europe's largest city?", "paragraph": "Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has ranked among the largest cities in the world. By 500 CE, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor, Rome, for world's largest city. Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad, Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv  for the position of world's most populous city until the 12th century. It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by London.", "answer": "London", "sentence": "It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by London .", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has ranked among the largest cities in the world. By 500 CE, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor, Rome, for world's largest city. Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad, Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv for the position of world's most populous city until the 12th century. <hl> It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by London . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout most of its history, Istanbul has ranked among the largest cities in the world. By 500 CE, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor, Rome, for world's largest city. Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad, Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv for the position of world's most populous city until the 12th century. It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by <hl> London <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained Europe's largest city from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by <hl> London <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb7e2b22cd4dfcfbd29b"}
{"question": "Which area spotted floating ice in January 2010?", "paragraph": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "answer": "\u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour", "sentence": "However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. <hl> However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near <hl> \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour <hl> in January 2010.", "sentence_answer": "However, floating ice was additionally observed near <hl> \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour <hl> in January 2010.", "paragraph_id": "5d661af52b22cd4dfcfbd8d2"}
{"question": "The studies done are based on what?", "paragraph": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "answer": "Population", "sentence": "Population -based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Population -based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. <hl> The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Population <hl>-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Population <hl> -based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d6702b22cd4dfcfbce8e"}
{"question": "What are the states of the Federated States of Micronesia called?", "paragraph": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "answer": "States of Micronesia", "sentence": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). <hl> The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "paragraph_answer": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated <hl> States of Micronesia <hl> and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "sentence_answer": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated <hl> States of Micronesia <hl> and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau).", "paragraph_id": "5d6772bc2b22cd4dfcfbfc25"}
{"question": "What does the climate in the Andes create?", "paragraph": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "answer": "extensive saltpeter deposits", "sentence": "The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. <hl> The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. <hl> Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of <hl> extensive saltpeter deposits <hl> which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "sentence_answer": "The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of <hl> extensive saltpeter deposits <hl> which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates.", "paragraph_id": "5d6697e12b22cd4dfcfbe332"}
{"question": "What is the asiento system?", "paragraph": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "answer": "awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies", "sentence": "While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies .", "paragraph_sentence": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. <hl> While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies . <hl> During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "paragraph_answer": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, <hl> awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies <hl>. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "sentence_answer": "While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, <hl> awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f35d2b22cd4dfcfbd3b4"}
{"question": "Holy See official language?", "paragraph": "The largest organization that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church. Latin remains the language of the Roman Rite; the Tridentine Mass is celebrated in Latin. Although the Mass of Paul VI is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of the Holy See, the primary language of its public journal, the Acta Apostolicae Sedis, and the working language of the Roman Rota. Vatican City is also home to the world's only ATM that gives instructions in Latin. In the pontifical universities postgraduate courses of Canon law are taught in Latin and papers should be written in the same language.", "answer": "Latin", "sentence": "The largest organization that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The largest organization that retains Latin in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church. <hl> Latin remains the language of the Roman Rite; the Tridentine Mass is celebrated in Latin. Although the Mass of Paul VI is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of the Holy See, the primary language of its public journal, the Acta Apostolicae Sedis, and the working language of the Roman Rota. Vatican City is also home to the world's only ATM that gives instructions in Latin. In the pontifical universities postgraduate courses of Canon law are taught in Latin and papers should be written in the same language.", "paragraph_answer": "The largest organization that retains <hl> Latin <hl> in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church. Latin remains the language of the Roman Rite; the Tridentine Mass is celebrated in Latin. Although the Mass of Paul VI is usually celebrated in the local vernacular language, it can be and often is said in Latin, in part or whole, especially at multilingual gatherings. It is the official language of the Holy See, the primary language of its public journal, the Acta Apostolicae Sedis, and the working language of the Roman Rota. Vatican City is also home to the world's only ATM that gives instructions in Latin. In the pontifical universities postgraduate courses of Canon law are taught in Latin and papers should be written in the same language.", "sentence_answer": "The largest organization that retains <hl> Latin <hl> in official and quasi-official contexts is the Catholic Church.", "paragraph_id": "5d661bed2b22cd4dfcfbd8fa"}
{"question": "What does a subroutine behave like?", "paragraph": "As the name subprogram suggests, a subroutine behaves in much the same way as a computer program that is used as one step in a larger program or another subprogram. A subroutine is often coded so that it can be started (called) several times and from several places during one execution of the program, including from other subroutines, and then branch back (return) to the next instruction after the call once the subroutine's task is done.  Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with an open subroutine or macro.", "answer": "the same way as a computer program", "sentence": "As the name subprogram suggests, a subroutine behaves in much the same way as a computer program that is used as one step in a larger program or another subprogram.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As the name subprogram suggests, a subroutine behaves in much the same way as a computer program that is used as one step in a larger program or another subprogram. <hl> A subroutine is often coded so that it can be started (called) several times and from several places during one execution of the program, including from other subroutines, and then branch back (return) to the next instruction after the call once the subroutine's task is done. Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with an open subroutine or macro.", "paragraph_answer": "As the name subprogram suggests, a subroutine behaves in much <hl> the same way as a computer program <hl> that is used as one step in a larger program or another subprogram. A subroutine is often coded so that it can be started (called) several times and from several places during one execution of the program, including from other subroutines, and then branch back (return) to the next instruction after the call once the subroutine's task is done. Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with an open subroutine or macro.", "sentence_answer": "As the name subprogram suggests, a subroutine behaves in much <hl> the same way as a computer program <hl> that is used as one step in a larger program or another subprogram.", "paragraph_id": "5d671cf82b22cd4dfcfbefa7"}
{"question": "Has the Senate become moribund in its oversite of the government in recent years?", "paragraph": "One of the functions of the Senate, both directly and through its committees, is to scrutinise government activity. The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate. Whereas in the House of Representatives the government's majority has sometimes limited that chamber's capacity to implement executive scrutiny, the opposition and minor parties have been able to use their Senate numbers as a basis for conducting inquiries into government operations. When the Howard government won control of the Senate in 2005, it sparked a debate about the effectiveness of the Senate in holding the government of the day accountable for its actions. Government members argued that the Senate continued to be a forum of vigorous debate, and its committees continued to be active. The Opposition leader in the Senate suggested that the government had attenuated the scrutinising activities of the Senate. The Australian Democrats, a minor party which has frequently played mediating and negotiating roles in the Senate, expressed concern about a diminished role for the Senate's committees.", "answer": "The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled", "sentence": "The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate.", "paragraph_sentence": "One of the functions of the Senate, both directly and through its committees, is to scrutinise government activity. <hl> The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate. <hl> Whereas in the House of Representatives the government's majority has sometimes limited that chamber's capacity to implement executive scrutiny, the opposition and minor parties have been able to use their Senate numbers as a basis for conducting inquiries into government operations. When the Howard government won control of the Senate in 2005, it sparked a debate about the effectiveness of the Senate in holding the government of the day accountable for its actions. Government members argued that the Senate continued to be a forum of vigorous debate, and its committees continued to be active. The Opposition leader in the Senate suggested that the government had attenuated the scrutinising activities of the Senate. The Australian Democrats, a minor party which has frequently played mediating and negotiating roles in the Senate, expressed concern about a diminished role for the Senate's committees.", "paragraph_answer": "One of the functions of the Senate, both directly and through its committees, is to scrutinise government activity. <hl> The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled <hl> for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate. Whereas in the House of Representatives the government's majority has sometimes limited that chamber's capacity to implement executive scrutiny, the opposition and minor parties have been able to use their Senate numbers as a basis for conducting inquiries into government operations. When the Howard government won control of the Senate in 2005, it sparked a debate about the effectiveness of the Senate in holding the government of the day accountable for its actions. Government members argued that the Senate continued to be a forum of vigorous debate, and its committees continued to be active. The Opposition leader in the Senate suggested that the government had attenuated the scrutinising activities of the Senate. The Australian Democrats, a minor party which has frequently played mediating and negotiating roles in the Senate, expressed concern about a diminished role for the Senate's committees.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The vigour of this scrutiny has been fuelled <hl> for many years by the fact that the party in government has seldom had a majority in the Senate.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1482b22cd4dfcfbd0b1"}
{"question": "These preachers that preached in a dramatic and emotional style called themselves what?", "paragraph": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"New Lights\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "answer": "New Lights", "sentence": "Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \" New Lights \", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. <hl> Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \" New Lights \", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. <hl> To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "paragraph_answer": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"<hl> New Lights <hl>\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "sentence_answer": "Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \" <hl> New Lights <hl> \", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d667ed82b22cd4dfcfbe0b4"}
{"question": "Which President's policies drove to the founding of the National Park Service?", "paragraph": "Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. Republican President Richard Nixon was responsible for establishing the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. However, this position has changed since the 1980s and the administration of President Ronald Reagan, who labeled environmental regulations a burden on the economy. Since then Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "answer": "President Theodore Roosevelt", "sentence": "Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. <hl> Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. <hl> Republican President Richard Nixon was responsible for establishing the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. However, this position has changed since the 1980s and the administration of President Ronald Reagan, who labeled environmental regulations a burden on the economy. Since then Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "paragraph_answer": "Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. Republican <hl> President Theodore Roosevelt <hl> was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. Republican President Richard Nixon was responsible for establishing the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. However, this position has changed since the 1980s and the administration of President Ronald Reagan, who labeled environmental regulations a burden on the economy. Since then Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "sentence_answer": "Republican <hl> President Theodore Roosevelt <hl> was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service.", "paragraph_id": "5d6739562b22cd4dfcfbf2f9"}
{"question": "Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives play an important role transporting what across membranes?", "paragraph": "The \"fat-soluble\" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes. Polyprenol phosphate sugars and polyprenol diphosphate sugars function in extra-cytoplasmic glycosylation reactions, in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis (for instance, peptidoglycan polymerization in bacteria), and in eukaryotic protein N-glycosylation. Cardiolipins are a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing four acyl chains and three glycerol groups that are particularly abundant in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are believed to activate enzymes involved with oxidative phosphorylation. Lipids also form the basis of steroid hormones.", "answer": "oligosaccharides", "sentence": "Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes.", "paragraph_sentence": "The \"fat-soluble\" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. <hl> Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of oligosaccharides across membranes. <hl> Polyprenol phosphate sugars and polyprenol diphosphate sugars function in extra-cytoplasmic glycosylation reactions, in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis (for instance, peptidoglycan polymerization in bacteria), and in eukaryotic protein N-glycosylation. Cardiolipins are a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing four acyl chains and three glycerol groups that are particularly abundant in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are believed to activate enzymes involved with oxidative phosphorylation. Lipids also form the basis of steroid hormones.", "paragraph_answer": "The \"fat-soluble\" vitamins (A, D, E and K) \u2013 which are isoprene-based lipids \u2013 are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation. Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of <hl> oligosaccharides <hl> across membranes. Polyprenol phosphate sugars and polyprenol diphosphate sugars function in extra-cytoplasmic glycosylation reactions, in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis (for instance, peptidoglycan polymerization in bacteria), and in eukaryotic protein N-glycosylation. Cardiolipins are a subclass of glycerophospholipids containing four acyl chains and three glycerol groups that are particularly abundant in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They are believed to activate enzymes involved with oxidative phosphorylation. Lipids also form the basis of steroid hormones.", "sentence_answer": "Polyprenols and their phosphorylated derivatives also play important transport roles, in this case the transport of <hl> oligosaccharides <hl> across membranes.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f7b62b22cd4dfcfc0493"}
{"question": "When did Brazil itself end slavery?", "paragraph": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. The Africans on board were sold as slaves; however, slavery in the U.S. was abolished five years later following the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last survivor of the voyage was Cudjoe Lewis, who died in 1935.\nThe last country to ban the Atlantic slave trade was Brazil in 1831. However, a vibrant illegal trade continued to ship large numbers of enslaved people to Brazil and also to Cuba until the 1860s, when British enforcement and further diplomacy finally ended the Atlantic trade. In 1870 Portugal ended the last trade route with the Americas where the last country to import slaves was Brazil. In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888, which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "answer": "1888", "sentence": "In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888 , which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "paragraph_sentence": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. The Africans on board were sold as slaves; however, slavery in the U.S. was abolished five years later following the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last survivor of the voyage was Cudjoe Lewis, who died in 1935. The last country to ban the Atlantic slave trade was Brazil in 1831. However, a vibrant illegal trade continued to ship large numbers of enslaved people to Brazil and also to Cuba until the 1860s, when British enforcement and further diplomacy finally ended the Atlantic trade. In 1870 Portugal ended the last trade route with the Americas where the last country to import slaves was Brazil. <hl> In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888 , which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. The Africans on board were sold as slaves; however, slavery in the U.S. was abolished five years later following the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last survivor of the voyage was Cudjoe Lewis, who died in 1935. The last country to ban the Atlantic slave trade was Brazil in 1831. However, a vibrant illegal trade continued to ship large numbers of enslaved people to Brazil and also to Cuba until the 1860s, when British enforcement and further diplomacy finally ended the Atlantic trade. In 1870 Portugal ended the last trade route with the Americas where the last country to import slaves was Brazil. In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until <hl> 1888 <hl>, which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "sentence_answer": "In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until <hl> 1888 <hl> , which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7812b22cd4dfcfbd461"}
{"question": "In the southern hemisphere, in what direction do cyclone winds blow?", "paragraph": "Tropical cyclones, a source of very heavy rainfall, consist of large air masses several hundred miles across with low pressure at the centre and with winds blowing inward towards the centre in either a clockwise direction (southern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (northern hemisphere).  Although cyclones can take an enormous toll in lives and personal property, they may be important factors in the precipitation regimes of places they impact, as they may bring much-needed precipitation to otherwise dry regions.  Areas in their path can receive a year's worth of rainfall from a tropical cyclone passage.", "answer": "clockwise", "sentence": "Tropical cyclones, a source of very heavy rainfall, consist of large air masses several hundred miles across with low pressure at the centre and with winds blowing inward towards the centre in either a clockwise direction (southern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (northern hemisphere).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tropical cyclones, a source of very heavy rainfall, consist of large air masses several hundred miles across with low pressure at the centre and with winds blowing inward towards the centre in either a clockwise direction (southern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (northern hemisphere). <hl> Although cyclones can take an enormous toll in lives and personal property, they may be important factors in the precipitation regimes of places they impact, as they may bring much-needed precipitation to otherwise dry regions. Areas in their path can receive a year's worth of rainfall from a tropical cyclone passage.", "paragraph_answer": "Tropical cyclones, a source of very heavy rainfall, consist of large air masses several hundred miles across with low pressure at the centre and with winds blowing inward towards the centre in either a <hl> clockwise <hl> direction (southern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (northern hemisphere). Although cyclones can take an enormous toll in lives and personal property, they may be important factors in the precipitation regimes of places they impact, as they may bring much-needed precipitation to otherwise dry regions. Areas in their path can receive a year's worth of rainfall from a tropical cyclone passage.", "sentence_answer": "Tropical cyclones, a source of very heavy rainfall, consist of large air masses several hundred miles across with low pressure at the centre and with winds blowing inward towards the centre in either a <hl> clockwise <hl> direction (southern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (northern hemisphere).", "paragraph_id": "5d66fe282b22cd4dfcfbe983"}
{"question": "What is another name for tuples?", "paragraph": "A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian system is called a Cartesian plane.  Since Cartesian coordinates are unique and non-ambiguous, the points of a Cartesian plane can be identified with pairs of real numbers; that is with the Cartesian product \n\n\n\n\n\nR\n\n\n2\n\n\n=\n\nR\n\n\u00d7\n\nR\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{2}=\\mathbb {R} \\times \\mathbb {R} }\n\n, where \n\n\n\n\nR\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} }\n\n is the set of all reals.  In the same way, the points any Euclidean space of dimension n  be identified with the tuples (lists) of n real numbers, that is, with the Cartesian product \n\n\n\n\n\nR\n\n\nn\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{n}}\n\n.", "answer": "lists", "sentence": " In the same way, the points any Euclidean space of dimension n  be identified with the tuples ( lists ) of n real numbers,", "paragraph_sentence": "A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian system is called a Cartesian plane. Since Cartesian coordinates are unique and non-ambiguous, the points of a Cartesian plane can be identified with pairs of real numbers; that is with the Cartesian product R 2 = R \u00d7 R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{2}=\\mathbb {R} \\times \\mathbb {R} } , where R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} } is the set of all reals. <hl> In the same way, the points any Euclidean space of dimension n be identified with the tuples ( lists ) of n real numbers, <hl> that is, with the Cartesian product R n {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{n}} .", "paragraph_answer": "A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian system is called a Cartesian plane. Since Cartesian coordinates are unique and non-ambiguous, the points of a Cartesian plane can be identified with pairs of real numbers; that is with the Cartesian product R 2 = R \u00d7 R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{2}=\\mathbb {R} \\times \\mathbb {R} } , where R {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} } is the set of all reals. In the same way, the points any Euclidean space of dimension n be identified with the tuples (<hl> lists <hl>) of n real numbers, that is, with the Cartesian product R n {\\displaystyle \\mathbb {R} ^{n}} .", "sentence_answer": " In the same way, the points any Euclidean space of dimension n be identified with the tuples ( <hl> lists <hl> ) of n real numbers,", "paragraph_id": "5d6716932b22cd4dfcfbeed8"}
{"question": "What ore is found along the Andes Mountain range?", "paragraph": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "answer": "iron ore", "sentence": "The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. <hl> The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of <hl> iron ore <hl> located in many mountains within the range.", "sentence_answer": "The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of <hl> iron ore <hl> located in many mountains within the range.", "paragraph_id": "5d6597ed2b22cd4dfcfbca4d"}
{"question": "Which two formulas are unique models?", "paragraph": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y). This is accomplished by abbreviating the relation \"x loves y\" by L(x,y). Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built. The following diagrams show models for each of them, assuming that there are exactly five individuals a,...,e who can love (vertical axis) and be loved (horizontal axis). A small red box at row x and column y indicates L(x,y). Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "answer": "9 and 10", "sentence": "Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "paragraph_sentence": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y). This is accomplished by abbreviating the relation \"x loves y\" by L(x,y). Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built. The following diagrams show models for each of them, assuming that there are exactly five individuals a,...,e who can love (vertical axis) and be loved (horizontal axis). A small red box at row x and column y indicates L(x,y). <hl> Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y). This is accomplished by abbreviating the relation \"x loves y\" by L(x,y). Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built. The following diagrams show models for each of them, assuming that there are exactly five individuals a,...,e who can love (vertical axis) and be loved (horizontal axis). A small red box at row x and column y indicates L(x,y). Only for the formulas <hl> 9 and 10 <hl> is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "sentence_answer": "Only for the formulas <hl> 9 and 10 <hl> is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6e02b22cd4dfcfbcce3"}
{"question": "Who supported the proposed changes to senate elections?", "paragraph": "Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes. The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon \u2212 a three-vote majority. The Senate reform legislation passed both houses of the Parliament of Australia on 18 March 2016 after the Senate sat all night debating the bill.", "answer": "the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon", "sentence": "The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon \u2212 a three-vote majority.", "paragraph_sentence": "Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes. <hl> The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon \u2212 a three-vote majority. <hl> The Senate reform legislation passed both houses of the Parliament of Australia on 18 March 2016 after the Senate sat all night debating the bill.", "paragraph_answer": "Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes. The changes had the support of <hl> the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon <hl> \u2212 a three-vote majority. The Senate reform legislation passed both houses of the Parliament of Australia on 18 March 2016 after the Senate sat all night debating the bill.", "sentence_answer": "The changes had the support of <hl> the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon <hl> \u2212 a three-vote majority.", "paragraph_id": "5d65cf772b22cd4dfcfbcdba"}
{"question": "What was the main form of reading material in the colonies?", "paragraph": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "answer": "major news, advertisements, and business reports", "sentence": "Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports .", "paragraph_sentence": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. <hl> Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports . <hl> Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "paragraph_answer": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as <hl> major news, advertisements, and business reports <hl>. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "sentence_answer": "Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as <hl> major news, advertisements, and business reports <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6656942b22cd4dfcfbdc48"}
{"question": "What government agency counts the number of homeless people?", "paragraph": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely.  In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters.  Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007.  Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "answer": "U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development", "sentence": "Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely.", "paragraph_sentence": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. <hl> Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. <hl> In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters. Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007. Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the <hl> U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development <hl> in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters. Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007. Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "sentence_answer": "Although the <hl> U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development <hl> in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d3992b22cd4dfcfbce22"}
{"question": "What term or idea is the main topic of the paragraph?", "paragraph": "The idea of \"dual sovereignty\" or \"separate sovereigns\" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\"", "answer": "dual sovereignty", "sentence": "The idea of \" dual sovereignty \" or \"separate sovereigns\" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The idea of \" dual sovereignty \" or \"separate sovereigns\" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of \"<hl> dual sovereignty <hl>\" or \"separate sovereigns\" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\"", "sentence_answer": "The idea of \" <hl> dual sovereignty <hl> \" or \"separate sovereigns\" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5b42b22cd4dfcfbe7b4"}
{"question": "What rule demonetrates the common aspects of the rule of inference ?", "paragraph": "The substitution rule demonstrates several common aspects of rules of inference. It is entirely syntactical; one can tell whether it was correctly applied without appeal to any interpretation. It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied, which must be respected to preserve the correctness of derivations. Moreover, as is often the case, these limitations are necessary because of interactions between free and bound variables that occur during syntactic manipulations of the formulas involved in the inference rule.", "answer": "The substitution rule", "sentence": "The substitution rule demonstrates several common aspects of rules of inference.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The substitution rule demonstrates several common aspects of rules of inference. <hl> It is entirely syntactical; one can tell whether it was correctly applied without appeal to any interpretation. It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied, which must be respected to preserve the correctness of derivations. Moreover, as is often the case, these limitations are necessary because of interactions between free and bound variables that occur during syntactic manipulations of the formulas involved in the inference rule.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The substitution rule <hl> demonstrates several common aspects of rules of inference. It is entirely syntactical; one can tell whether it was correctly applied without appeal to any interpretation. It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied, which must be respected to preserve the correctness of derivations. Moreover, as is often the case, these limitations are necessary because of interactions between free and bound variables that occur during syntactic manipulations of the formulas involved in the inference rule.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The substitution rule <hl> demonstrates several common aspects of rules of inference.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607a62b22cd4dfcfbd62e"}
{"question": "What theory is the axiomatization of number theory?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. \nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. \nNo first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "answer": "Peano arithmetic", "sentence": "\n Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. <hl> Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. <hl> No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. <hl> Peano arithmetic <hl> and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Peano arithmetic <hl> and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b5262b22cd4dfcfbe419"}
{"question": "Which new model did the Modern movement seek to design and plan cities?", "paragraph": "Postmodernism is a rejection of 'totality', of the notion that planning could be 'comprehensive', widely applied regardless of context, and rational. In this sense, Postmodernism is a rejection of its predecessor: Modernism. From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). Postmodernism also brought a break from the notion that planning and architecture could result in social reform, which was an integral dimension of the plans of Modernism (Simonsen 1990). Furthermore, Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogenous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57). Within Modernism, urban planning represented a 20th-century move towards establishing something stable, structured, and rationalised within what had become a world of chaos, flux and change (Irving 1993, 475). The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). In fact, after 1945, urban planning became one of the methods through which capitalism could be managed and the interests of developers and corporations could be administered (Irving 1993, 479).", "answer": "industrial mass production", "sentence": "From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production ; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990).", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernism is a rejection of 'totality', of the notion that planning could be 'comprehensive', widely applied regardless of context, and rational. In this sense, Postmodernism is a rejection of its predecessor: Modernism. <hl> From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production ; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). <hl> Postmodernism also brought a break from the notion that planning and architecture could result in social reform, which was an integral dimension of the plans of Modernism (Simonsen 1990). Furthermore, Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogenous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57). Within Modernism, urban planning represented a 20th-century move towards establishing something stable, structured, and rationalised within what had become a world of chaos, flux and change (Irving 1993, 475). The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). In fact, after 1945, urban planning became one of the methods through which capitalism could be managed and the interests of developers and corporations could be administered (Irving 1993, 479).", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernism is a rejection of 'totality', of the notion that planning could be 'comprehensive', widely applied regardless of context, and rational. In this sense, Postmodernism is a rejection of its predecessor: Modernism. From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of <hl> industrial mass production <hl>; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). Postmodernism also brought a break from the notion that planning and architecture could result in social reform, which was an integral dimension of the plans of Modernism (Simonsen 1990). Furthermore, Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogenous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57). Within Modernism, urban planning represented a 20th-century move towards establishing something stable, structured, and rationalised within what had become a world of chaos, flux and change (Irving 1993, 475). The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). In fact, after 1945, urban planning became one of the methods through which capitalism could be managed and the interests of developers and corporations could be administered (Irving 1993, 479).", "sentence_answer": "From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of <hl> industrial mass production <hl> ; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990).", "paragraph_id": "5d676be12b22cd4dfcfbfadf"}
{"question": "What is Oxford's leading club?", "paragraph": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013  23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "answer": "Oxford United", "sentence": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United , are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The city's leading football club, Oxford United , are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. <hl> They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "paragraph_answer": "The city's leading football club, <hl> Oxford United <hl>, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "sentence_answer": "The city's leading football club, <hl> Oxford United <hl> , are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b9b2b22cd4dfcfbf366"}
{"question": "Whats the difference between hockey and pond hockey?", "paragraph": "Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter. Pond hockey is commonly referred to in hockey circles as shinny. Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities. Since 2002, the World Pond Hockey Championship has been played on Roulston Lake in Plaster Rock, New Brunswick, Canada. Since 2006, the U.S. Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Canadian National Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Huntsville, Ontario.", "answer": "no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities", "sentence": "Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities .", "paragraph_sentence": "Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter. Pond hockey is commonly referred to in hockey circles as shinny. <hl> Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities . <hl> Since 2002, the World Pond Hockey Championship has been played on Roulston Lake in Plaster Rock, New Brunswick, Canada. Since 2006, the U.S. Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Canadian National Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Huntsville, Ontario.", "paragraph_answer": "Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter. Pond hockey is commonly referred to in hockey circles as shinny. Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is <hl> no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities <hl>. Since 2002, the World Pond Hockey Championship has been played on Roulston Lake in Plaster Rock, New Brunswick, Canada. Since 2006, the U.S. Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Canadian National Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Huntsville, Ontario.", "sentence_answer": "Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is <hl> no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6621322b22cd4dfcfbd9b4"}
{"question": "Is the depth of the Baltic rising or falling?", "paragraph": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "answer": "depth of the sea are diminishing", "sentence": "Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing .", "paragraph_sentence": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. <hl> Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing . <hl> The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "paragraph_answer": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the <hl> depth of the sea are diminishing <hl>. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "sentence_answer": "Consequently, the surface area and the <hl> depth of the sea are diminishing <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7b42b22cd4dfcfbccfe"}
{"question": "Who was elected as governor of Connecticut in 1974?", "paragraph": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "answer": "Ella Grasso", "sentence": "In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut.", "paragraph_sentence": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. <hl> In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. <hl> This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "paragraph_answer": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, <hl> Ella Grasso <hl> was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "sentence_answer": "In 1974, <hl> Ella Grasso <hl> was elected as the governor of Connecticut.", "paragraph_id": "5d667e782b22cd4dfcfbe0aa"}
{"question": "How much of the general public believe that unemployment is most important issue?", "paragraph": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "answer": "40%", "sentence": "Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "paragraph_sentence": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. <hl> Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about <hl> 40% <hl> say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "sentence_answer": "Among the general public, about <hl> 40% <hl> say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd342b22cd4dfcfbe95e"}
{"question": "What fueled the Silahtaraga power plant?", "paragraph": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983. The state-run Turkish Electrical Authority (TEK) briefly\u2014between its founding in 1970 and 1984\u2014held a monopoly on the generation and distribution of electricity, but now the authority\u2014since split between the Turkish Electricity Generation Transmission Company (TEA\u015e) and the Turkish Electricity Distribution Company (TEDA\u015e)\u2014competes with private electric utilities.", "answer": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant", "sentence": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. <hl> Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983. The state-run Turkish Electrical Authority (TEK) briefly\u2014between its founding in 1970 and 1984\u2014held a monopoly on the generation and distribution of electricity, but now the authority\u2014since split between the Turkish Electricity Generation Transmission Company (TEA\u015e) and the Turkish Electricity Distribution Company (TEDA\u015e)\u2014competes with private electric utilities.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant <hl> along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983. The state-run Turkish Electrical Authority (TEK) briefly\u2014between its founding in 1970 and 1984\u2014held a monopoly on the generation and distribution of electricity, but now the authority\u2014since split between the Turkish Electricity Generation Transmission Company (TEA\u015e) and the Turkish Electricity Distribution Company (TEDA\u015e)\u2014competes with private electric utilities.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant <hl> along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f6aa2b22cd4dfcfbd436"}
{"question": "Which small denominations of Christians were strengthened during the Great Awakening?", "paragraph": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations. It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in New England that challenged established authority. It incited rancor and division between the new revivalists and the old traditionalists who insisted on ritual and doctrine. The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers.", "answer": "Baptist and Methodist", "sentence": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations. <hl> It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in New England that challenged established authority. It incited rancor and division between the new revivalists and the old traditionalists who insisted on ritual and doctrine. The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers.", "paragraph_answer": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small <hl> Baptist and Methodist <hl> denominations. It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in New England that challenged established authority. It incited rancor and division between the new revivalists and the old traditionalists who insisted on ritual and doctrine. The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers.", "sentence_answer": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small <hl> Baptist and Methodist <hl> denominations.", "paragraph_id": "5d668cf72b22cd4dfcfbe232"}
{"question": "Which religious group has the largest following?", "paragraph": "A Pew survey of Connecticut residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations: Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%,  Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. Jewish congregations had 108,280 (3.2%) members in 2000. The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford. According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church, with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "answer": "Roman Catholic", "sentence": "Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%,  Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%.", "paragraph_sentence": "A Pew survey of Connecticut residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations: <hl> Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. <hl> Jewish congregations had 108,280 (3.2%) members in 2000. The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford. According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church, with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "paragraph_answer": "A Pew survey of Connecticut residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations: Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, <hl> Roman Catholic <hl> 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. Jewish congregations had 108,280 (3.2%) members in 2000. The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford. According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church, with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "sentence_answer": "Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, <hl> Roman Catholic <hl> 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%.", "paragraph_id": "5d6663452b22cd4dfcfbdd58"}
{"question": "How is knowledge articulated from a postmodern perspective?", "paragraph": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "answer": "knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox", "sentence": "From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox .", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. <hl> From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox . <hl> Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective <hl> knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox <hl>. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "sentence_answer": "From a postmodern perspective <hl> knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6745a32b22cd4dfcfbf4a6"}
{"question": "A virtual object can be seen when a lens is inserted into a what?", "paragraph": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "answer": "converging beam", "sentence": "This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image.", "paragraph_sentence": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. <hl> This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. <hl> In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "paragraph_answer": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. This happens when the lens is inserted into a <hl> converging beam <hl> (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "sentence_answer": "This happens when the lens is inserted into a <hl> converging beam <hl> (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image.", "paragraph_id": "5d6779ef2b22cd4dfcfbfcde"}
{"question": "Who controls the campuses of the state universities in Michigan?", "paragraph": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality. That is, as bodies corporate, they operate as though they were municipalities, but they have autonomy from legislative and executive control. Each university has a board which is the sole legislative body for the campuses they control. These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards. The boards are responsible for all public services, e.g. policing, and fire protection. They often contract with the city they are located in for these services, but all have their own police departments.", "answer": "the boards", "sentence": "These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality. That is, as bodies corporate, they operate as though they were municipalities, but they have autonomy from legislative and executive control. Each university has a board which is the sole legislative body for the campuses they control. <hl> These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards . <hl> The boards are responsible for all public services, e.g. policing, and fire protection. They often contract with the city they are located in for these services, but all have their own police departments.", "paragraph_answer": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality. That is, as bodies corporate, they operate as though they were municipalities, but they have autonomy from legislative and executive control. Each university has a board which is the sole legislative body for the campuses they control. These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of <hl> the boards <hl>. The boards are responsible for all public services, e.g. policing, and fire protection. They often contract with the city they are located in for these services, but all have their own police departments.", "sentence_answer": "These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of <hl> the boards <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6759322b22cd4dfcfbf7dd"}
{"question": "How many people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night of the year?", "paragraph": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "answer": "190,207", "sentence": "It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "paragraph_sentence": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. <hl> It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that <hl> 190,207 <hl> people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "sentence_answer": "It is estimated that <hl> 190,207 <hl> people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "paragraph_id": "5d665fc62b22cd4dfcfbdce7"}
{"question": "In what decade of the 1900s was Structuralism developed?", "paragraph": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "answer": "50s", "sentence": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 19 50s , partly in response to French Existentialism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 19 50s , partly in response to French Existentialism. <hl> It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "paragraph_answer": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 19<hl> 50s <hl>, partly in response to French Existentialism. It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "sentence_answer": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 19 <hl> 50s <hl> , partly in response to French Existentialism.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ca1a2b22cd4dfcfc0231"}
{"question": "What was one of the names given to Benin's coastline?", "paragraph": "The kings of Dahomey sold war captives into transatlantic slavery; they would otherwise have been killed in a ceremony known as the Annual Customs. As one of West Africa's principal slave states, Dahomey became extremely unpopular with neighbouring peoples. Like the Bambara Empire to the east, the Khasso kingdoms depended heavily on the slave trade for their economy. A family's status was indicated by the number of slaves it owned, leading to wars for the sole purpose of taking more captives. This trade led the Khasso into increasing contact with the European settlements of Africa's west coast, particularly the French. Benin grew increasingly rich during the 16th and 17th centuries on the slave trade with Europe; slaves from enemy states of the interior were sold, and carried to the Americas in Dutch and Portuguese ships. The Bight of Benin's shore soon came to be known as the \"Slave Coast\".", "answer": "Slave Coast", "sentence": "The Bight of Benin's shore soon came to be known as the \" Slave Coast \".", "paragraph_sentence": "The kings of Dahomey sold war captives into transatlantic slavery; they would otherwise have been killed in a ceremony known as the Annual Customs. As one of West Africa's principal slave states, Dahomey became extremely unpopular with neighbouring peoples. Like the Bambara Empire to the east, the Khasso kingdoms depended heavily on the slave trade for their economy. A family's status was indicated by the number of slaves it owned, leading to wars for the sole purpose of taking more captives. This trade led the Khasso into increasing contact with the European settlements of Africa's west coast, particularly the French. Benin grew increasingly rich during the 16th and 17th centuries on the slave trade with Europe; slaves from enemy states of the interior were sold, and carried to the Americas in Dutch and Portuguese ships. <hl> The Bight of Benin's shore soon came to be known as the \" Slave Coast \". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The kings of Dahomey sold war captives into transatlantic slavery; they would otherwise have been killed in a ceremony known as the Annual Customs. As one of West Africa's principal slave states, Dahomey became extremely unpopular with neighbouring peoples. Like the Bambara Empire to the east, the Khasso kingdoms depended heavily on the slave trade for their economy. A family's status was indicated by the number of slaves it owned, leading to wars for the sole purpose of taking more captives. This trade led the Khasso into increasing contact with the European settlements of Africa's west coast, particularly the French. Benin grew increasingly rich during the 16th and 17th centuries on the slave trade with Europe; slaves from enemy states of the interior were sold, and carried to the Americas in Dutch and Portuguese ships. The Bight of Benin's shore soon came to be known as the \"<hl> Slave Coast <hl>\".", "sentence_answer": "The Bight of Benin's shore soon came to be known as the \" <hl> Slave Coast <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d664c162b22cd4dfcfbdc07"}
{"question": "What is the best known examples of an anarchist communist society?", "paragraph": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "answer": "the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution", "sentence": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution . <hl> Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "paragraph_answer": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are <hl> the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution <hl>. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "sentence_answer": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are <hl> the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0662b22cd4dfcfbd080"}
{"question": "What organization did a 2007 study on homelessness?", "paragraph": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely.  In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters.  Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007.  Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "answer": "National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty", "sentence": " Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty , which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007).", "paragraph_sentence": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters. Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007. <hl> Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty , which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). <hl> With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters. Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007. Another approximation is from a study done by the <hl> National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty <hl>, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "sentence_answer": " Another approximation is from a study done by the <hl> National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty <hl> , which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007).", "paragraph_id": "5d65d3992b22cd4dfcfbce25"}
{"question": "What is necessary when customer welfare and economic incentive disagree?", "paragraph": "According to Bruce M. Owen, this does not mean that all firms themselves have to be equally decentralized. He writes: \"markets allocate resources through arms-length transactions among decentralized actors. Much of the time, markets work very efficiently, but there is a variety of conditions under which firms do better. Hence, goods and services are produced and sold by firms with various degrees of horizontal and vertical integration.\" Additionally, he writes that the \"economic incentive to expand horizontally or vertically is usually, but not always, compatible with the social interest in maximizing long-run consumer welfare.\" When it does not, he writes regulation may be necessary.", "answer": "regulation", "sentence": "When it does not, he writes regulation may be necessary.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Bruce M. Owen, this does not mean that all firms themselves have to be equally decentralized. He writes: \"markets allocate resources through arms-length transactions among decentralized actors. Much of the time, markets work very efficiently, but there is a variety of conditions under which firms do better. Hence, goods and services are produced and sold by firms with various degrees of horizontal and vertical integration.\" Additionally, he writes that the \"economic incentive to expand horizontally or vertically is usually, but not always, compatible with the social interest in maximizing long-run consumer welfare.\" <hl> When it does not, he writes regulation may be necessary. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "According to Bruce M. Owen, this does not mean that all firms themselves have to be equally decentralized. He writes: \"markets allocate resources through arms-length transactions among decentralized actors. Much of the time, markets work very efficiently, but there is a variety of conditions under which firms do better. Hence, goods and services are produced and sold by firms with various degrees of horizontal and vertical integration.\" Additionally, he writes that the \"economic incentive to expand horizontally or vertically is usually, but not always, compatible with the social interest in maximizing long-run consumer welfare.\" When it does not, he writes <hl> regulation <hl> may be necessary.", "sentence_answer": "When it does not, he writes <hl> regulation <hl> may be necessary.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc422b22cd4dfcfbcf73"}
{"question": "Who gave out plots of land to male settles or proprietors?", "paragraph": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded\u2014had enough land to support a family. Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "answer": "indentured or criminally bonded", "sentence": "Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded \u2014had enough land to support a family.", "paragraph_sentence": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. <hl> Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded \u2014had enough land to support a family. <hl> Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "paragraph_answer": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't <hl> indentured or criminally bonded <hl>\u2014had enough land to support a family. Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "sentence_answer": "Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't <hl> indentured or criminally bonded <hl> \u2014had enough land to support a family.", "paragraph_id": "5d667b3b2b22cd4dfcfbe06f"}
{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedb5"}
{"question": "Are there more towns or cities in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "answer": "towns", "sentence": "The state is divided into 169 towns , which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. <hl> The state is divided into 169 towns , which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. <hl> There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 <hl> towns <hl>, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "sentence_answer": "The state is divided into 169 <hl> towns <hl> , which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e73a2b22cd4dfcfbd207"}
{"question": "What does \"hermana\" mean?", "paragraph": "In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \"hermana\" [sister] plus the surname of her husband. And most records of the church follow that structure as well.", "answer": "sister", "sentence": "In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \"hermana\" [ sister ] plus the surname of her husband.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \"hermana\" [ sister ] plus the surname of her husband. <hl> And most records of the church follow that structure as well.", "paragraph_answer": "In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \"hermana\" [<hl> sister <hl>] plus the surname of her husband. And most records of the church follow that structure as well.", "sentence_answer": "In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \"hermana\" [ <hl> sister <hl> ] plus the surname of her husband.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bc662b22cd4dfcfc0105"}
{"question": "Which group of Europeans held strong grienvences about the war?", "paragraph": "The British and colonists triumphed jointly over a common foe. The colonists' loyalty to the mother country was stronger than ever before. However, disunity was beginning to form. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder had decided to wage the war in the colonies with the use of troops from the colonies and tax funds from Britain itself. This was a successful wartime strategy, but after the war was over, each side believed that it had borne a greater burden than the other. The British elite, the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution.", "answer": "The British elite", "sentence": "The British elite , the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers.", "paragraph_sentence": "The British and colonists triumphed jointly over a common foe. The colonists' loyalty to the mother country was stronger than ever before. However, disunity was beginning to form. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder had decided to wage the war in the colonies with the use of troops from the colonies and tax funds from Britain itself. This was a successful wartime strategy, but after the war was over, each side believed that it had borne a greater burden than the other. <hl> The British elite , the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. <hl> The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "The British and colonists triumphed jointly over a common foe. The colonists' loyalty to the mother country was stronger than ever before. However, disunity was beginning to form. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder had decided to wage the war in the colonies with the use of troops from the colonies and tax funds from Britain itself. This was a successful wartime strategy, but after the war was over, each side believed that it had borne a greater burden than the other. <hl> The British elite <hl>, the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The British elite <hl> , the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers.", "paragraph_id": "5d662ddd2b22cd4dfcfbda99"}
{"question": "Who assisted Allied soldiers in escaping German POW camps?", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "The Partisans", "sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. <hl> These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Partisans <hl> also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Partisans <hl> also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c13e2b22cd4dfcfc016e"}
{"question": "Worldwide each year how many people per hundred thousand met violent unnatural death between 2004 and 2009?", "paragraph": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "answer": "7.9", "sentence": "The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. <hl> The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 7.9 per 100,000 per year. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "According to SATP, there has been a dramatic decline in fatalities in Manipur since 2009. In 2009, 77 civilians died (about 3 per 100,000 people). From 2010 onwards, about 25 civilians have died in militants-related violence (about 1 per 100,000 people), dropping further to 21 civilian deaths in 2013 (or 0.8 per 100,000 people). However, there were 76 explosions in 2013, compared to 107 explosions in 2012. Different groups claimed responsibility for explosions, some claiming they were targeting competing militant groups, others claiming their targets were state and central government officials. The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was <hl> 7.9 <hl> per 100,000 per year.", "sentence_answer": "The average worldwide violent unnatural death rate between 2004 and 2009 was <hl> 7.9 <hl> per 100,000 per year.", "paragraph_id": "5d67625a2b22cd4dfcfbf960"}
{"question": "Who worked on the plantations?", "paragraph": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote.", "answer": "African slaves", "sentence": "They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. <hl> They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves . <hl> Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote.", "paragraph_answer": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by <hl> African slaves <hl>. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote.", "sentence_answer": "They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by <hl> African slaves <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660d6d2b22cd4dfcfbd734"}
{"question": "What kind of saxophone was played by Sidney Bechet?", "paragraph": "In addition to the colossal brilliance and virtuosity of Parker, the alto sax was also popularized in the 1950s by top saxophonists such as Sonny Stitt, Cannonball Adderley, Sonny Criss and Paul Desmond (latter of the Dave Brubeck Quartet). The tenor sax, which some consider to be the more popular form of saxophone as a solo instrument in jazz, was popularized by jazz greats such as Lester Young, Coleman Hawkins, Dexter Gordon, John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Stan Getz and Zoot Sims. The baritone sax, featured more in big bands (notably by Harry Carney in the Duke Ellington Orchestra) and larger ensembles than as a solo instrument, was popularized in jazz as a solo instrument within small groups by musicians such as Serge Chaloff, Gerry Mulligan, Pepper Adams and Leo Parker.  The soprano saxophone was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument.", "answer": "soprano saxophone", "sentence": "The soprano saxophone was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument.", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to the colossal brilliance and virtuosity of Parker, the alto sax was also popularized in the 1950s by top saxophonists such as Sonny Stitt, Cannonball Adderley, Sonny Criss and Paul Desmond (latter of the Dave Brubeck Quartet). The tenor sax, which some consider to be the more popular form of saxophone as a solo instrument in jazz, was popularized by jazz greats such as Lester Young, Coleman Hawkins, Dexter Gordon, John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Stan Getz and Zoot Sims. The baritone sax, featured more in big bands (notably by Harry Carney in the Duke Ellington Orchestra) and larger ensembles than as a solo instrument, was popularized in jazz as a solo instrument within small groups by musicians such as Serge Chaloff, Gerry Mulligan, Pepper Adams and Leo Parker. <hl> The soprano saxophone was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the colossal brilliance and virtuosity of Parker, the alto sax was also popularized in the 1950s by top saxophonists such as Sonny Stitt, Cannonball Adderley, Sonny Criss and Paul Desmond (latter of the Dave Brubeck Quartet). The tenor sax, which some consider to be the more popular form of saxophone as a solo instrument in jazz, was popularized by jazz greats such as Lester Young, Coleman Hawkins, Dexter Gordon, John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Stan Getz and Zoot Sims. The baritone sax, featured more in big bands (notably by Harry Carney in the Duke Ellington Orchestra) and larger ensembles than as a solo instrument, was popularized in jazz as a solo instrument within small groups by musicians such as Serge Chaloff, Gerry Mulligan, Pepper Adams and Leo Parker. The <hl> soprano saxophone <hl> was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> soprano saxophone <hl> was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument.", "paragraph_id": "5d672dd52b22cd4dfcfbf1cc"}
{"question": "In what capital city was shinney played?", "paragraph": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Mi'kmaq in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse). Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario. The number of players was often large. To this day, shinney (derived from \"shinty\") is a popular Canadian term for an informal type of hockey, either ice or street hockey.", "answer": "Ottawa", "sentence": "Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa , Ontario.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Mi'kmaq in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse). <hl> Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa , Ontario. <hl> The number of players was often large. To this day, shinney (derived from \"shinty\") is a popular Canadian term for an informal type of hockey, either ice or street hockey.", "paragraph_answer": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Mi'kmaq in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse). Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and <hl> Ottawa <hl>, Ontario. The number of players was often large. To this day, shinney (derived from \"shinty\") is a popular Canadian term for an informal type of hockey, either ice or street hockey.", "sentence_answer": "Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and <hl> Ottawa <hl> , Ontario.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dfa72b22cd4dfcfbd067"}
{"question": "What kind of decentralization is done via a combination of authorities and localities working together?", "paragraph": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt.  Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "answer": "mutually desired", "sentence": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \" mutually desired \" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_sentence": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. <hl> They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \" mutually desired \" combination of authorities and localities working together. <hl> Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "paragraph_answer": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"<hl> mutually desired <hl>\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "sentence_answer": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \" <hl> mutually desired <hl> \" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671e12b22cd4dfcfbdf2e"}
{"question": "Are all earthquake proofed structures strong?", "paragraph": "Earthquake-proof structures are not necessarily extremely strong like the El Castillo pyramid at Chichen Itza shown above. In fact, many structures considered strong may in fact be stiff, which can result in poor seismic performance.", "answer": "Earthquake-proof structures are not necessarily extremely strong", "sentence": "Earthquake-proof structures are not necessarily extremely strong like the El Castillo pyramid at Chichen Itza shown above.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Earthquake-proof structures are not necessarily extremely strong like the El Castillo pyramid at Chichen Itza shown above. <hl> In fact, many structures considered strong may in fact be stiff, which can result in poor seismic performance.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Earthquake-proof structures are not necessarily extremely strong <hl> like the El Castillo pyramid at Chichen Itza shown above. In fact, many structures considered strong may in fact be stiff, which can result in poor seismic performance.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Earthquake-proof structures are not necessarily extremely strong <hl> like the El Castillo pyramid at Chichen Itza shown above.", "paragraph_id": "5d6728e12b22cd4dfcfbf127"}
{"question": "What can a virtual image not do?", "paragraph": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "answer": "be projected on a screen", "sentence": "Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen , but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. <hl> Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen , but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. <hl> Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot <hl> be projected on a screen <hl>, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot <hl> be projected on a screen <hl> , but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image.", "paragraph_id": "5d678dbe2b22cd4dfcfbfe6f"}
{"question": "What devices have expanded the use of decentralized networks?", "paragraph": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "answer": "Smartphones", "sentence": "Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "paragraph_sentence": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. <hl> Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. <hl> Smartphones <hl> have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Smartphones <hl> have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8ab2b22cd4dfcfbcee6"}
{"question": "Why did The Sunday Times and The Times launch separate websites in 2010?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times has its own website. It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities. Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "answer": "to reflect their distinct brand identities", "sentence": "It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sunday Times has its own website. <hl> It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities . <hl> Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times has its own website. It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites <hl> to reflect their distinct brand identities <hl>. Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "sentence_answer": "It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites <hl> to reflect their distinct brand identities <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6733952b22cd4dfcfbf266"}
{"question": "What does negative R mean?", "paragraph": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and  R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and  R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature  is infinity.", "answer": "rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature", "sentence": "The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature .", "paragraph_sentence": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. <hl> The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature . <hl> Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "paragraph_answer": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that <hl> rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature <hl>. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "sentence_answer": "The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that <hl> rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d678c972b22cd4dfcfbfe48"}
{"question": "Who converted Finland to Christianity in the twelfth century?", "paragraph": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "answer": "Swedes", "sentence": "This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes , and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword).", "paragraph_sentence": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. <hl> This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes , and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). <hl> The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "paragraph_answer": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by <hl> Swedes <hl>, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "sentence_answer": "This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by <hl> Swedes <hl> , and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword).", "paragraph_id": "5d665e2f2b22cd4dfcfbdcb8"}
{"question": "Are the rivers draining the Manipur Hills calm?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "assume turbulent form in the rainy season", "sentence": "These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season .", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. <hl> These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season . <hl> Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and <hl> assume turbulent form in the rainy season <hl>. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "These rivers are corrosive and <hl> assume turbulent form in the rainy season <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebbc"}
{"question": "What can result when cold air crosses bodies of warm water?", "paragraph": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "answer": "narrow lake-effect snow bands", "sentence": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands . <hl> Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "paragraph_answer": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to <hl> narrow lake-effect snow bands <hl>. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "sentence_answer": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to <hl> narrow lake-effect snow bands <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f1a92b22cd4dfcfbe6b4"}
{"question": "What is a type of partial function?", "paragraph": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations.  For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line.  The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "answer": "single-valued relations", "sentence": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations . <hl> For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "paragraph_answer": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., <hl> single-valued relations <hl>. For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "sentence_answer": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., <hl> single-valued relations <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66c5a42b22cd4dfcfbe4a0"}
{"question": "How many less construction worker were employed during the 2008-209 recession?", "paragraph": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "answer": "over 2 million", "sentence": "In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. <hl> In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. <hl> The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "paragraph_answer": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were <hl> over 2 million <hl> fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "sentence_answer": "In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were <hl> over 2 million <hl> fewer employed housing construction workers.", "paragraph_id": "5d670f872b22cd4dfcfbecdf"}
{"question": "What governmental body is responsible for defining how the planning regions are divided?", "paragraph": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "answer": "Office of Planning and Management", "sentence": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management . <hl> The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state <hl> Office of Planning and Management <hl>. The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "sentence_answer": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state <hl> Office of Planning and Management <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8772b22cd4dfcfbd224"}
{"question": "Uneven distribution of decentralized power and responsibilities can be described as what?", "paragraph": "Decentralization may be uneven and \"asymmetric\" given any one country's population, political, ethnic and other forms of diversity. In many countries, political, economic and administrative responsibilities may be decentralized to the larger urban areas, while rural areas are administered by the central government. Decentralization of responsibilities to provinces may be limited only to those provinces or states which want or are capable of handling responsibility. Some privatization may be more appropriate to an urban than a rural area; some types of privatization may be more appropriate for some states and provinces but not others.", "answer": "asymmetric", "sentence": "Decentralization may be uneven and \" asymmetric \" given any one country's population, political, ethnic and other forms of diversity.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Decentralization may be uneven and \" asymmetric \" given any one country's population, political, ethnic and other forms of diversity. <hl> In many countries, political, economic and administrative responsibilities may be decentralized to the larger urban areas, while rural areas are administered by the central government. Decentralization of responsibilities to provinces may be limited only to those provinces or states which want or are capable of handling responsibility. Some privatization may be more appropriate to an urban than a rural area; some types of privatization may be more appropriate for some states and provinces but not others.", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization may be uneven and \"<hl> asymmetric <hl>\" given any one country's population, political, ethnic and other forms of diversity. In many countries, political, economic and administrative responsibilities may be decentralized to the larger urban areas, while rural areas are administered by the central government. Decentralization of responsibilities to provinces may be limited only to those provinces or states which want or are capable of handling responsibility. Some privatization may be more appropriate to an urban than a rural area; some types of privatization may be more appropriate for some states and provinces but not others.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization may be uneven and \" <hl> asymmetric <hl> \" given any one country's population, political, ethnic and other forms of diversity.", "paragraph_id": "5d667add2b22cd4dfcfbe05e"}
{"question": "What was the job of the person who came up with the idea for the name of the Republican party?", "paragraph": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "answer": "party's leading publicist", "sentence": "The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican'", "paragraph_sentence": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. <hl> The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' <hl> [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "paragraph_answer": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the <hl> party's leading publicist <hl> Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "sentence_answer": "The idea for the name came from an editorial by the <hl> party's leading publicist <hl> Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican'", "paragraph_id": "5d6735f92b22cd4dfcfbf29b"}
{"question": "Why did the Samis start reversing their names?", "paragraph": "When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners, so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies. Surnames have been imposed by the dominant authorities:[citation needed] evangelists, then administrations. Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name. For example: some Sire became Siri, H\u00e6tta J\u00e1hko\u0161 \u00c1sslat became Aslak Jacobsen H\u00e6tta \u2014 as was the norm. Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname.", "answer": "to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname", "sentence": "Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname .", "paragraph_sentence": "When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners, so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies. Surnames have been imposed by the dominant authorities:[citation needed] evangelists, then administrations. Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name. For example: some Sire became Siri, H\u00e6tta J\u00e1hko\u0161 \u00c1sslat became Aslak Jacobsen H\u00e6tta \u2014 as was the norm. <hl> Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners, so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies. Surnames have been imposed by the dominant authorities:[citation needed] evangelists, then administrations. Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name. For example: some Sire became Siri, H\u00e6tta J\u00e1hko\u0161 \u00c1sslat became Aslak Jacobsen H\u00e6tta \u2014 as was the norm. Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, <hl> to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, <hl> to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6cf2b22cd4dfcfbff0c"}
{"question": "What is the name given of the area given to transients?", "paragraph": "Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \"skid row\". In New York City, for example, there was an area known as \"the Bowery\", traditionally, where alcoholics were to be found sleeping on the streets, bottle in hand. Rescue missions offering \"soup, soap, and salvation\", a phrase introduced by The Salvation Army, sprang up along the Bowery thoroughfare, including the oldest one, The Bowery Mission. The mission was founded in 1879 by the Rev. and Mrs. A.G. Ruliffson.", "answer": "skid row", "sentence": "Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \" skid row \".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \" skid row \". <hl> In New York City, for example, there was an area known as \"the Bowery\", traditionally, where alcoholics were to be found sleeping on the streets, bottle in hand. Rescue missions offering \"soup, soap, and salvation\", a phrase introduced by The Salvation Army, sprang up along the Bowery thoroughfare, including the oldest one, The Bowery Mission. The mission was founded in 1879 by the Rev. and Mrs. A.G. Ruliffson.", "paragraph_answer": "Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \"<hl> skid row <hl>\". In New York City, for example, there was an area known as \"the Bowery\", traditionally, where alcoholics were to be found sleeping on the streets, bottle in hand. Rescue missions offering \"soup, soap, and salvation\", a phrase introduced by The Salvation Army, sprang up along the Bowery thoroughfare, including the oldest one, The Bowery Mission. The mission was founded in 1879 by the Rev. and Mrs. A.G. Ruliffson.", "sentence_answer": "Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \" <hl> skid row <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d6608a72b22cd4dfcfbd64a"}
{"question": "What are most metal pipes in a pipe organ made of?", "paragraph": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious  \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "answer": "varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy", "sentence": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy , with 50%/50% being the most common.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy , with 50%/50% being the most common. <hl> The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "paragraph_answer": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of <hl> varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy <hl>, with 50%/50% being the most common. The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "sentence_answer": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of <hl> varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy <hl> , with 50%/50% being the most common.", "paragraph_id": "5d67be542b22cd4dfcfc0126"}
{"question": "What amount of early Americans were killed by European and African diseases?", "paragraph": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "answer": "90%", "sentence": "90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. <hl> 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. <hl> Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. <hl> 90% <hl> or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> 90% <hl> or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d1b62b22cd4dfcfc02ab"}
{"question": "What hormones do carbon (C21) contain?", "paragraph": "Sterol lipids, such as cholesterol and its derivatives, are an important component of membrane lipids, along with the glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins. The steroids, all derived from the same fused four-ring core structure, have different biological roles as hormones and signaling molecules. The eighteen-carbon (C18) steroids include the estrogen family whereas the C19 steroids comprise the androgens such as testosterone and androsterone. The C21 subclass includes the progestogens as well as the glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. The secosteroids, comprising various forms of vitamin D, are characterized by cleavage of the B ring of the core structure. Other examples of sterols are the bile acids and their conjugates, which in mammals are oxidized derivatives of cholesterol and are synthesized in the liver. The plant equivalents are the phytosterols, such as \u03b2-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and brassicasterol; the latter compound is also used as a biomarker for algal growth. The predominant sterol in fungal cell membranes is ergosterol.", "answer": "progestogens as well as the glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids", "sentence": "The C21 subclass includes the progestogens as well as the glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids .", "paragraph_sentence": "Sterol lipids, such as cholesterol and its derivatives, are an important component of membrane lipids, along with the glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins. The steroids, all derived from the same fused four-ring core structure, have different biological roles as hormones and signaling molecules. The eighteen-carbon (C18) steroids include the estrogen family whereas the C19 steroids comprise the androgens such as testosterone and androsterone. <hl> The C21 subclass includes the progestogens as well as the glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids . <hl> The secosteroids, comprising various forms of vitamin D, are characterized by cleavage of the B ring of the core structure. Other examples of sterols are the bile acids and their conjugates, which in mammals are oxidized derivatives of cholesterol and are synthesized in the liver. The plant equivalents are the phytosterols, such as \u03b2-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and brassicasterol; the latter compound is also used as a biomarker for algal growth. The predominant sterol in fungal cell membranes is ergosterol.", "paragraph_answer": "Sterol lipids, such as cholesterol and its derivatives, are an important component of membrane lipids, along with the glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins. The steroids, all derived from the same fused four-ring core structure, have different biological roles as hormones and signaling molecules. The eighteen-carbon (C18) steroids include the estrogen family whereas the C19 steroids comprise the androgens such as testosterone and androsterone. The C21 subclass includes the <hl> progestogens as well as the glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids <hl>. The secosteroids, comprising various forms of vitamin D, are characterized by cleavage of the B ring of the core structure. Other examples of sterols are the bile acids and their conjugates, which in mammals are oxidized derivatives of cholesterol and are synthesized in the liver. The plant equivalents are the phytosterols, such as \u03b2-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and brassicasterol; the latter compound is also used as a biomarker for algal growth. The predominant sterol in fungal cell membranes is ergosterol.", "sentence_answer": "The C21 subclass includes the <hl> progestogens as well as the glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6750bf2b22cd4dfcfbf69f"}
{"question": "In the event of a tie, how many points will each team be awarded?", "paragraph": "From 1999\u20132000 until 2003\u201304, the National Hockey League decided ties by playing a single five-minute sudden death overtime period with each team having four players (plus a goalie) per side to \"open-up\" the game. In the event of a tie, each team would still receive one point in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point. The idea was to discourage teams from playing for a tie, since previously some teams might have preferred a tie and 1 point to risking a loss and zero points. The only exception to this rule is if a team opts to pull their goalie in exchange for an extra skater during overtime and is subsequently scored upon (an 'empty net' goal), in which case the losing team receives no points for the overtime loss. Starting in the 2015-16 season, the single five-minute sudden death overtime session will consist of three players plus a goalie.", "answer": "one point", "sentence": "In the event of a tie, each team would still receive one point in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point.", "paragraph_sentence": "From 1999\u20132000 until 2003\u201304, the National Hockey League decided ties by playing a single five-minute sudden death overtime period with each team having four players (plus a goalie) per side to \"open-up\" the game. <hl> In the event of a tie, each team would still receive one point in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point. <hl> The idea was to discourage teams from playing for a tie, since previously some teams might have preferred a tie and 1 point to risking a loss and zero points. The only exception to this rule is if a team opts to pull their goalie in exchange for an extra skater during overtime and is subsequently scored upon (an 'empty net' goal), in which case the losing team receives no points for the overtime loss. Starting in the 2015-16 season, the single five-minute sudden death overtime session will consist of three players plus a goalie.", "paragraph_answer": "From 1999\u20132000 until 2003\u201304, the National Hockey League decided ties by playing a single five-minute sudden death overtime period with each team having four players (plus a goalie) per side to \"open-up\" the game. In the event of a tie, each team would still receive <hl> one point <hl> in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point. The idea was to discourage teams from playing for a tie, since previously some teams might have preferred a tie and 1 point to risking a loss and zero points. The only exception to this rule is if a team opts to pull their goalie in exchange for an extra skater during overtime and is subsequently scored upon (an 'empty net' goal), in which case the losing team receives no points for the overtime loss. Starting in the 2015-16 season, the single five-minute sudden death overtime session will consist of three players plus a goalie.", "sentence_answer": "In the event of a tie, each team would still receive <hl> one point <hl> in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point.", "paragraph_id": "5d666a772b22cd4dfcfbde57"}
{"question": "How is a point that is a Cartesian coordinate usually written?", "paragraph": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas, as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7).  The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space. This custom comes from a convention of algebra, which uses letters near the end of the alphabet for unknown values (such as were the coordinates of points in many geometric problems), and letters near the beginning for given quantities.", "answer": "in parentheses and separated by commas", "sentence": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas , as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas , as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7). <hl> The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space. This custom comes from a convention of algebra, which uses letters near the end of the alphabet for unknown values (such as were the coordinates of points in many geometric problems), and letters near the beginning for given quantities.", "paragraph_answer": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written <hl> in parentheses and separated by commas <hl>, as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7). The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space. This custom comes from a convention of algebra, which uses letters near the end of the alphabet for unknown values (such as were the coordinates of points in many geometric problems), and letters near the beginning for given quantities.", "sentence_answer": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written <hl> in parentheses and separated by commas <hl> , as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7).", "paragraph_id": "5d661e962b22cd4dfcfbd946"}
{"question": "What caused the Andes?", "paragraph": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "answer": "due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate", "sentence": "The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. <hl> The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate . <hl> To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate <hl> due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate <hl>. To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "sentence_answer": "The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate <hl> due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6597ed2b22cd4dfcfbca4b"}
{"question": "what gained national attention?", "paragraph": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "answer": "violence against the homeless", "sentence": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. <hl> In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of <hl> violence against the homeless <hl> has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "sentence_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of <hl> violence against the homeless <hl> has gained national attention.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672fb2b22cd4dfcfbdf59"}
{"question": "What is the  most common surname in Viet Nam?", "paragraph": "40% of all Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen. This may be because when a new dynasty took power in Vietnam it was custom to adopt that dynasty's surname. The last dynasty in Vietnam was the Nguyen dynasty, so as a result many people have this surname.", "answer": "Nguyen", "sentence": "40% of all Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> 40% of all Vietnamese have the surname Nguyen . <hl> This may be because when a new dynasty took power in Vietnam it was custom to adopt that dynasty's surname. The last dynasty in Vietnam was the Nguyen dynasty, so as a result many people have this surname.", "paragraph_answer": "40% of all Vietnamese have the surname <hl> Nguyen <hl>. This may be because when a new dynasty took power in Vietnam it was custom to adopt that dynasty's surname. The last dynasty in Vietnam was the Nguyen dynasty, so as a result many people have this surname.", "sentence_answer": "40% of all Vietnamese have the surname <hl> Nguyen <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f52c2b22cd4dfcfbe78a"}
{"question": "What company is Time Newspapers Ltd a subsidiary of?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper. It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK, which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966. They were bought by News International in 1981.", "answer": "a subsidiary of News UK", "sentence": "It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK , which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper. <hl> It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK , which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. <hl> The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966. They were bought by News International in 1981.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper. It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, <hl> a subsidiary of News UK <hl>, which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966. They were bought by News International in 1981.", "sentence_answer": "It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, <hl> a subsidiary of News UK <hl> , which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times.", "paragraph_id": "5d6828882b22cd4dfcfc0606"}
{"question": "In what year was Windows Vista released for volume licensing?", "paragraph": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers. It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features. It was available in a number of different editions, and has been subject to some criticism, such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008.", "answer": "2006", "sentence": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006 , for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006 , for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers. <hl> It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features. It was available in a number of different editions, and has been subject to some criticism, such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008.", "paragraph_answer": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, <hl> 2006 <hl>, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers. It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features. It was available in a number of different editions, and has been subject to some criticism, such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008.", "sentence_answer": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, <hl> 2006 <hl> , for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers.", "paragraph_id": "5d67158b2b22cd4dfcfbee94"}
{"question": "What was the flagship paper of the Kemsley Newspapers Group", "paragraph": "In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper. At this time, Kemsley was the largest newspaper group in Britain.", "answer": "The Sunday Times", "sentence": "In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper. <hl> At this time, Kemsley was the largest newspaper group in Britain.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with <hl> The Sunday Times <hl> becoming its flagship paper. At this time, Kemsley was the largest newspaper group in Britain.", "sentence_answer": "In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with <hl> The Sunday Times <hl> becoming its flagship paper.", "paragraph_id": "5d675a5f2b22cd4dfcfbf80f"}
{"question": "In Article IV whose authority over the U.S. territories is defined?", "paragraph": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States:", "answer": "U.S. Congress", "sentence": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States:", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States: <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the <hl> U.S. Congress <hl> exercises over the territory of the United States:", "sentence_answer": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the <hl> U.S. Congress <hl> exercises over the territory of the United States:", "paragraph_id": "5d675c0f2b22cd4dfcfbf868"}
{"question": "When was the sailing club established?", "paragraph": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "answer": "1952", "sentence": "The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952 , hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. <hl> The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952 , hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. <hl> The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in <hl> 1952 <hl>, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in <hl> 1952 <hl> , hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year.", "paragraph_id": "5d66069d2b22cd4dfcfbd5ff"}
{"question": "Where do the grey seal and Baltic ringed seal live?", "paragraph": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbours several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice.", "answer": "The ice cover", "sentence": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. <hl> Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbours several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The ice cover <hl> is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbours several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The ice cover <hl> is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface.", "paragraph_id": "5d6616c12b22cd4dfcfbd827"}
{"question": "What proof verifiers can take a sketch and fill in the missing pieces?", "paragraph": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input.  Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants.  They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "answer": "Mizar and Isabelle", "sentence": " Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle , take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. <hl> Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle , take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". <hl> Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "paragraph_answer": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. Others, such as <hl> Mizar and Isabelle <hl>, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "sentence_answer": " Others, such as <hl> Mizar and Isabelle <hl> , take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6675db2b22cd4dfcfbdfd7"}
{"question": "When is a penalty shot usually awarded due to an illegal action?", "paragraph": "A \"penalty shot\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\". A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play.", "answer": "on a \"breakaway\"", "sentence": "A \"penalty shot\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A \"penalty shot\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\" . <hl> A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play.", "paragraph_answer": "A \"penalty shot\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is <hl> on a \"breakaway\" <hl>. A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play.", "sentence_answer": "A \"penalty shot\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is <hl> on a \"breakaway\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6639982b22cd4dfcfbdb1e"}
{"question": "What are individuals or entities that have an insurance policy called?", "paragraph": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium).  For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss.  That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "answer": "the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary", "sentence": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party ( the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary ) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party ( the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary ) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium). <hl> For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "paragraph_answer": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (<hl> the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary <hl>) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium). For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "sentence_answer": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party ( <hl> the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary <hl> ) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium).", "paragraph_id": "5d65ebfe2b22cd4dfcfbd2ac"}
{"question": "What does Rotta mean?", "paragraph": "The settlement at the lower end of the fen stream Rotte (or Rotta, as it was then known, from rot, 'muddy' and a, 'water', thus 'muddy water') dates from at least 900 CE. Around 1150, large floods in the area ended development, leading to the construction of protective dikes and dams, including Schielands Hoge Zeedijk ('Schieland\u2019s High Sea Dike') along the northern banks of the present-day Nieuwe Maas. A dam on the Rotte or 'Rotterdam' was built in the 1260s and was located at the present-day Hoogstraat ('High Street').", "answer": "'muddy water'", "sentence": "The settlement at the lower end of the fen stream Rotte (or Rotta, as it was then known, from rot, 'muddy' and a, 'water', thus 'muddy water' ) dates from at least 900 CE.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The settlement at the lower end of the fen stream Rotte (or Rotta, as it was then known, from rot, 'muddy' and a, 'water', thus 'muddy water' ) dates from at least 900 CE. <hl> Around 1150, large floods in the area ended development, leading to the construction of protective dikes and dams, including Schielands Hoge Zeedijk ('Schieland\u2019s High Sea Dike') along the northern banks of the present-day Nieuwe Maas. A dam on the Rotte or 'Rotterdam' was built in the 1260s and was located at the present-day Hoogstraat ('High Street').", "paragraph_answer": "The settlement at the lower end of the fen stream Rotte (or Rotta, as it was then known, from rot, 'muddy' and a, 'water', thus <hl> 'muddy water' <hl>) dates from at least 900 CE. Around 1150, large floods in the area ended development, leading to the construction of protective dikes and dams, including Schielands Hoge Zeedijk ('Schieland\u2019s High Sea Dike') along the northern banks of the present-day Nieuwe Maas. A dam on the Rotte or 'Rotterdam' was built in the 1260s and was located at the present-day Hoogstraat ('High Street').", "sentence_answer": "The settlement at the lower end of the fen stream Rotte (or Rotta, as it was then known, from rot, 'muddy' and a, 'water', thus <hl> 'muddy water' <hl> ) dates from at least 900 CE.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fed42b22cd4dfcfbe99c"}
{"question": "How many Cartesian coordinates specify a three dimensional space?", "paragraph": "One can use the same principle to specify the position of any point in three-dimensional space by three Cartesian coordinates, its signed distances to three mutually perpendicular planes (or, equivalently, by its perpendicular projection onto three mutually perpendicular lines). In general, n Cartesian coordinates (an element of real n-space) specify the point in an n-dimensional Euclidean space for any dimension n. These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes.", "answer": "n Cartesian coordinates", "sentence": "In general, n Cartesian coordinates (an element of real n-space) specify the point in an n-dimensional Euclidean space for any dimension n. These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes.", "paragraph_sentence": "One can use the same principle to specify the position of any point in three-dimensional space by three Cartesian coordinates, its signed distances to three mutually perpendicular planes (or, equivalently, by its perpendicular projection onto three mutually perpendicular lines). <hl> In general, n Cartesian coordinates (an element of real n-space) specify the point in an n-dimensional Euclidean space for any dimension n. These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "One can use the same principle to specify the position of any point in three-dimensional space by three Cartesian coordinates, its signed distances to three mutually perpendicular planes (or, equivalently, by its perpendicular projection onto three mutually perpendicular lines). In general, <hl> n Cartesian coordinates <hl> (an element of real n-space) specify the point in an n-dimensional Euclidean space for any dimension n. These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes.", "sentence_answer": "In general, <hl> n Cartesian coordinates <hl> (an element of real n-space) specify the point in an n-dimensional Euclidean space for any dimension n. These coordinates are equal, up to sign, to distances from the point to n mutually perpendicular hyperplanes.", "paragraph_id": "5d661ae42b22cd4dfcfbd8cb"}
{"question": "Percipitatiion on the planet Mars most likely is in what form?", "paragraph": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts.  Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones.  A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass.  Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas.  Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth.  When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles, rather than rain or snow.", "answer": "ice needles", "sentence": " When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles , rather than rain or snow.", "paragraph_sentence": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts. Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones. A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas. Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth. <hl> When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of ice needles , rather than rain or snow. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Stratiform or dynamic precipitation occurs as a consequence of slow ascent of air in synoptic systems (on the order of cm/s), such as over surface cold fronts, and over and ahead of warm fronts. Similar ascent is seen around tropical cyclones outside of the eyewall, and in comma-head precipitation patterns around mid-latitude cyclones. A wide variety of weather can be found along an occluded front, with thunderstorms possible, but usually their passage is associated with a drying of the air mass. Occluded fronts usually form around mature low-pressure areas. Precipitation may occur on celestial bodies other than Earth. When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of <hl> ice needles <hl>, rather than rain or snow.", "sentence_answer": " When it gets cold, Mars has precipitation that most likely takes the form of <hl> ice needles <hl> , rather than rain or snow.", "paragraph_id": "5d6781c02b22cd4dfcfbfdaf"}
{"question": "what to replace in the equation to avoid the previous problem ?", "paragraph": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \n\n\n\n\u2203\nx\n(\nx\n=\ny\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)}\n\n, in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nx\n(\nx\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)}\n\n, which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t  became bound during the substitution. The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z, so that the formula after substitution is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nz\n(\nz\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)}\n\n, which is again logically valid.", "answer": "The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z", "sentence": "The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z , so that the formula after substitution is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nz\n(\nz\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)}\n\n, which is again logically valid.", "paragraph_sentence": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \u2203 x ( x = y ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)} , in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \u2203 x ( x = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)} , which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. <hl> The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z , so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \u2203 x ( x = y ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)} , in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \u2203 x ( x = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)} , which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. <hl> The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z <hl>, so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z <hl> , so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid.", "paragraph_id": "5d6605192b22cd4dfcfbd5ca"}
{"question": "When did Very high relief come back?", "paragraph": "Hellenistic and Roman sarcophagus reliefs were cut with a drill rather than chisels, enabling and encouraging compositions extremely crowded with figures, like the Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (250\u2013260 CE). These are also seen in the enormous strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns. The sarcophagi in particular exerted a huge influence on later Western sculpture. The European Middle Ages tended to use high relief for all purposes in stone, though like Ancient Roman sculpture their reliefs were typically not as high as in Ancient Greece. Very high relief reemerged in the Renaissance, and was especially used in wall-mounted funerary art and later on Neo-classical pediments and public monuments.", "answer": "in the Renaissance", "sentence": "Very high relief reemerged in the Renaissance , and was especially used in wall-mounted funerary art and later on Neo-classical pediments and public monuments.", "paragraph_sentence": "Hellenistic and Roman sarcophagus reliefs were cut with a drill rather than chisels, enabling and encouraging compositions extremely crowded with figures, like the Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (250\u2013260 CE). These are also seen in the enormous strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns. The sarcophagi in particular exerted a huge influence on later Western sculpture. The European Middle Ages tended to use high relief for all purposes in stone, though like Ancient Roman sculpture their reliefs were typically not as high as in Ancient Greece. <hl> Very high relief reemerged in the Renaissance , and was especially used in wall-mounted funerary art and later on Neo-classical pediments and public monuments. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Hellenistic and Roman sarcophagus reliefs were cut with a drill rather than chisels, enabling and encouraging compositions extremely crowded with figures, like the Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (250\u2013260 CE). These are also seen in the enormous strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns. The sarcophagi in particular exerted a huge influence on later Western sculpture. The European Middle Ages tended to use high relief for all purposes in stone, though like Ancient Roman sculpture their reliefs were typically not as high as in Ancient Greece. Very high relief reemerged <hl> in the Renaissance <hl>, and was especially used in wall-mounted funerary art and later on Neo-classical pediments and public monuments.", "sentence_answer": "Very high relief reemerged <hl> in the Renaissance <hl> , and was especially used in wall-mounted funerary art and later on Neo-classical pediments and public monuments.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fd132b22cd4dfcfc04f0"}
{"question": "What is DARPA known for?", "paragraph": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to \"..transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science\" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "answer": "developing contrived acronyms to name projects", "sentence": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects , including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for developing contrived acronyms to name projects , including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. <hl> In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to \"..transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science\" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "paragraph_answer": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for <hl> developing contrived acronyms to name projects <hl>, including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE. In July 2010, Wired Magazine reported that DARPA announced programs to \"..transform biology from a descriptive to a predictive field of science\" named BATMAN and ROBIN for Biochronicity and Temporal Mechanisms Arising in Nature and Robustness of Biologically-Inspired Networks, a reference to the Batman and Robin comic-book superheroes.", "sentence_answer": "The US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is known for <hl> developing contrived acronyms to name projects <hl> , including RESURRECT, NIRVANA, and DUDE.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a83f2b22cd4dfcfbcad1"}
{"question": "What do biomarkers contribute to cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable.", "answer": "predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease", "sentence": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease ; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease ; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in <hl> predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease <hl>; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable.", "sentence_answer": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in <hl> predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease <hl> ; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable.", "paragraph_id": "5d6612972b22cd4dfcfbd7b5"}
{"question": "When was Instanbul founded and under what name was it founded under?", "paragraph": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "answer": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE,", "sentence": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. <hl> After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, <hl> the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, <hl> the city developed to become one of the most significant in history.", "paragraph_id": "5d65db8c2b22cd4dfcfbcf40"}
{"question": "In 2008 report what percentage of sheltered homeless population had disability?", "paragraph": "According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's 2008 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, the most common demographic features of all sheltered homeless people are: male, members of minority groups, older than age 31, and alone. More than 40 percent of sheltered homeless people have a disability. At the same time, sizable segments of the sheltered homeless population are white, non-Hispanic (38 percent), children (20 percent), or part of multi-person households (33 percent). Approximately 68 percent of the 1.6 million sheltered homeless people were homeless as individuals and 32 percent were persons in families.", "answer": "More than 40", "sentence": "More than 40 percent of sheltered homeless people have a disability.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's 2008 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, the most common demographic features of all sheltered homeless people are: male, members of minority groups, older than age 31, and alone. <hl> More than 40 percent of sheltered homeless people have a disability. <hl> At the same time, sizable segments of the sheltered homeless population are white, non-Hispanic (38 percent), children (20 percent), or part of multi-person households (33 percent). Approximately 68 percent of the 1.6 million sheltered homeless people were homeless as individuals and 32 percent were persons in families.", "paragraph_answer": "According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's 2008 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, the most common demographic features of all sheltered homeless people are: male, members of minority groups, older than age 31, and alone. <hl> More than 40 <hl> percent of sheltered homeless people have a disability. At the same time, sizable segments of the sheltered homeless population are white, non-Hispanic (38 percent), children (20 percent), or part of multi-person households (33 percent). Approximately 68 percent of the 1.6 million sheltered homeless people were homeless as individuals and 32 percent were persons in families.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> More than 40 <hl> percent of sheltered homeless people have a disability.", "paragraph_id": "5d6620e72b22cd4dfcfbd9a7"}
{"question": "Who was the mother of the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "\"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712412b22cd4dfcfbed84"}
{"question": "Who was responsible for mapping the route along the crest of the Sierra?", "paragraph": "The Gold Rush populated the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, but even by 1860 most of the Sierra was unexplored. The state legislature authorized the California Geological Survey to officially explore the Sierra (and survey the rest of the state). Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey. Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King, explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. In 1864 they explored the area around Kings Canyon.  In 1869, John Muir started his wanderings in the Sierra Nevada range, and in 1871 King was the first to climb Mount Langley and that year fishermen were the first to climb Mount Whitney.  From 1892\u20137 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "answer": "Theodore Solomons", "sentence": " From 1892\u20137 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Gold Rush populated the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, but even by 1860 most of the Sierra was unexplored. The state legislature authorized the California Geological Survey to officially explore the Sierra (and survey the rest of the state). Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey. Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King, explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. In 1864 they explored the area around Kings Canyon. In 1869, John Muir started his wanderings in the Sierra Nevada range, and in 1871 King was the first to climb Mount Langley and that year fishermen were the first to climb Mount Whitney. <hl> From 1892\u20137 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Gold Rush populated the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, but even by 1860 most of the Sierra was unexplored. The state legislature authorized the California Geological Survey to officially explore the Sierra (and survey the rest of the state). Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey. Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King, explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. In 1864 they explored the area around Kings Canyon. In 1869, John Muir started his wanderings in the Sierra Nevada range, and in 1871 King was the first to climb Mount Langley and that year fishermen were the first to climb Mount Whitney. From 1892\u20137 <hl> Theodore Solomons <hl> made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "sentence_answer": " From 1892\u20137 <hl> Theodore Solomons <hl> made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "paragraph_id": "5d67749a2b22cd4dfcfbfc83"}
{"question": "What is the first country committed to the  establishment of communism?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR)", "sentence": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. <hl> However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the <hl> Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) <hl>, the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the <hl> Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) <hl> , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815ec2b22cd4dfcfc0598"}
{"question": "What year did Monin and Miller examine the moral self-licensing effect?", "paragraph": "Monin and Miller (2001) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials.", "answer": "2001", "sentence": "Monin and Miller ( 2001 ) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Monin and Miller ( 2001 ) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Monin and Miller (<hl> 2001 <hl>) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials.", "sentence_answer": "Monin and Miller ( <hl> 2001 <hl> ) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials.", "paragraph_id": "5d67511c2b22cd4dfcfbf6af"}
{"question": "What characteristics of neurons are studied in order to understand how they relate to different types of behavior?", "paragraph": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "answer": "physiological", "sentence": "The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "paragraph_sentence": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. <hl> The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. The morphology, molecular identity, and <hl> physiological <hl> characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "sentence_answer": "The morphology, molecular identity, and <hl> physiological <hl> characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "paragraph_id": "5d673e822b22cd4dfcfbf3d6"}
{"question": "How many women have been in usa minor league hockey?", "paragraph": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "answer": "Several", "sentence": "Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "paragraph_sentence": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. <hl> Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. <hl> Several <hl> women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Several <hl> women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "paragraph_id": "5d66928b2b22cd4dfcfbe2c8"}
{"question": "What two avenues traverse the University of Pittsburgh campus from west to east?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex. The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east. Although generally within walking distance, the university also runs a bus and shuttle service between various campus locations and bordering neighborhoods.", "answer": "Forbes and Fifth", "sentence": "The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex. <hl> The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east. <hl> Although generally within walking distance, the university also runs a bus and shuttle service between various campus locations and bordering neighborhoods.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex. The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; <hl> Forbes and Fifth <hl> avenues traverse the campus from west to east. Although generally within walking distance, the university also runs a bus and shuttle service between various campus locations and bordering neighborhoods.", "sentence_answer": "The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; <hl> Forbes and Fifth <hl> avenues traverse the campus from west to east.", "paragraph_id": "5d6831872b22cd4dfcfc0659"}
{"question": "What is the most common coordinate system in computer graphics?", "paragraph": "Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. A familiar example is the concept of the graph of a function. Cartesian coordinates are also essential tools for most applied disciplines that deal with geometry, including astronomy, physics, engineering and many more. They are the most common coordinate system used in computer graphics, computer-aided geometric design and other geometry-related data processing.", "answer": "Cartesian coordinates", "sentence": "Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. <hl> A familiar example is the concept of the graph of a function. Cartesian coordinates are also essential tools for most applied disciplines that deal with geometry, including astronomy, physics, engineering and many more. They are the most common coordinate system used in computer graphics, computer-aided geometric design and other geometry-related data processing.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates <hl> are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. A familiar example is the concept of the graph of a function. Cartesian coordinates are also essential tools for most applied disciplines that deal with geometry, including astronomy, physics, engineering and many more. They are the most common coordinate system used in computer graphics, computer-aided geometric design and other geometry-related data processing.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates <hl> are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more.", "paragraph_id": "5d661c0f2b22cd4dfcfbd905"}
{"question": "Where is the major influx of migrant labour in Oxford going?", "paragraph": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. Oxford is one of the most diverse small cities in Britain: the most recent population estimates for 2005 showed that 27% of the population were from ethnic minority groups, including 16.2% from non-white ethnic minority ethnic groups (ONS). These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than 10,000 people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "answer": "Headington and Cowley Road areas", "sentence": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the Headington and Cowley Road areas with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. <hl> Oxford is one of the most diverse small cities in Britain: the most recent population estimates for 2005 showed that 27% of the population were from ethnic minority groups, including 16.2% from non-white ethnic minority ethnic groups (ONS). These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than 10,000 people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "paragraph_answer": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the <hl> Headington and Cowley Road areas <hl> with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival. Oxford is one of the most diverse small cities in Britain: the most recent population estimates for 2005 showed that 27% of the population were from ethnic minority groups, including 16.2% from non-white ethnic minority ethnic groups (ONS). These figures do not take into account more recent international migration into the city; more than 10,000 people from overseas have registered for National Insurance Numbers in Oxford in 2005/06 and 2006/07.", "sentence_answer": "The influx of migrant labour to the car plants and hospitals, recent immigration from south Asia, and a large student population, have given Oxford a notably cosmopolitan character, especially in the <hl> Headington and Cowley Road areas <hl> with their many bars, cafes, restaurants, clubs, ethnic shops and fast food outlets and the annual Cowley Road Carnival.", "paragraph_id": "5d6763c02b22cd4dfcfbf99f"}
{"question": "What type of climate can exist on the leeward side of mountains?", "paragraph": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production.  If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands.  Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones.  Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy.  Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands.  In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation.  On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.  The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "answer": "desert climates", "sentence": " On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.", "paragraph_sentence": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. <hl> On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. <hl> The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "paragraph_answer": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, <hl> desert climates <hl> can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "sentence_answer": " On the leeward side of mountains, <hl> desert climates <hl> can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8882b22cd4dfcfc0052"}
{"question": "What was the last DOS based Windows version?", "paragraph": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition), the last DOS-based version of Windows. Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT-based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. However, Windows ME was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. PC World considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "answer": "Windows ME (Millennium Edition)", "sentence": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition) , the last DOS-based version of Windows.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released Windows ME (Millennium Edition) , the last DOS-based version of Windows. <hl> Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT-based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. However, Windows ME was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. PC World considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "paragraph_answer": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released <hl> Windows ME (Millennium Edition) <hl>, the last DOS-based version of Windows. Windows ME incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT-based counterpart Windows 2000, had faster boot times than previous versions (which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs), expanded multimedia functionality (including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker, and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras), additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore, and updated home networking tools. However, Windows ME was faced with criticism for its speed and instability, along with hardware compatibility issues and its removal of real mode DOS support. PC World considered Windows ME to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.", "sentence_answer": "On September 14, 2000, Microsoft released <hl> Windows ME (Millennium Edition) <hl> , the last DOS-based version of Windows.", "paragraph_id": "5d670f292b22cd4dfcfbecc0"}
{"question": "When did Columbia University begin admitting women?", "paragraph": "In 1969, Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College (then all male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges. When Haverford became coeducational in 1980, Bryn Mawr discussed the possibly of coeducation as well, but decided against it. In 1983, Columbia University began admitting women after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College for a merger along the lines of Harvard and Radcliffe (Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia since 1900, but it continues to be independently governed). Wellesley College also decided against coeducation during this time.", "answer": "1983", "sentence": "In 1983 , Columbia University began admitting women after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College for a merger along the lines of Harvard and Radcliffe (Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia since 1900, but it continues to be independently governed).", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1969, Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College (then all male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges. When Haverford became coeducational in 1980, Bryn Mawr discussed the possibly of coeducation as well, but decided against it. <hl> In 1983 , Columbia University began admitting women after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College for a merger along the lines of Harvard and Radcliffe (Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia since 1900, but it continues to be independently governed). <hl> Wellesley College also decided against coeducation during this time.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1969, Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College (then all male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges. When Haverford became coeducational in 1980, Bryn Mawr discussed the possibly of coeducation as well, but decided against it. In <hl> 1983 <hl>, Columbia University began admitting women after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College for a merger along the lines of Harvard and Radcliffe (Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia since 1900, but it continues to be independently governed). Wellesley College also decided against coeducation during this time.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1983 <hl> , Columbia University began admitting women after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College for a merger along the lines of Harvard and Radcliffe (Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia since 1900, but it continues to be independently governed).", "paragraph_id": "5d6779a72b22cd4dfcfbfccc"}
{"question": "What OS brought a redone version of the Windows 95 layout to the NT OS?", "paragraph": "The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. Windows NT 3.5 was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell's NetWare, and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000, a successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand.", "answer": "Windows NT 4.0", "sentence": "Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. Windows NT 3.5 was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell's NetWare, and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. <hl> Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. <hl> On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000, a successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand.", "paragraph_answer": "The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. Windows NT 3.5 was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell's NetWare, and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. <hl> Windows NT 4.0 <hl> was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000, a successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Windows NT 4.0 <hl> was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series.", "paragraph_id": "5d67115a2b22cd4dfcfbed4d"}
{"question": "When was the separate Review section launched?", "paragraph": "On 12 November 1945, Ian Fleming, who later created James Bond, joined the paper as foreign manager (foreign editor) and special writer. The following month, circulation reached 500,000. On 28 September 1958 the paper launched a separate Review section, becoming the first newspaper to publish two sections regularly.", "answer": "28 September 1958", "sentence": "On 28 September 1958 the paper launched a separate Review section, becoming the first newspaper to publish two sections regularly.", "paragraph_sentence": "On 12 November 1945, Ian Fleming, who later created James Bond, joined the paper as foreign manager (foreign editor) and special writer. The following month, circulation reached 500,000. <hl> On 28 September 1958 the paper launched a separate Review section, becoming the first newspaper to publish two sections regularly. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On 12 November 1945, Ian Fleming, who later created James Bond, joined the paper as foreign manager (foreign editor) and special writer. The following month, circulation reached 500,000. On <hl> 28 September 1958 <hl> the paper launched a separate Review section, becoming the first newspaper to publish two sections regularly.", "sentence_answer": "On <hl> 28 September 1958 <hl> the paper launched a separate Review section, becoming the first newspaper to publish two sections regularly.", "paragraph_id": "5d675ba72b22cd4dfcfbf83a"}
{"question": "What is being used when a team is trying to improve their position on the ice?", "paragraph": "Offensive tactics include improving a team's position on the ice by advancing the puck out of one's zone towards the opponent's zone, progressively by gaining lines, first your own blue line, then the red line and finally the opponent's blue line. NHL rules instated for the 2006 season redefined the offside rule to make the two-line pass legal; a player may pass the puck from behind his own blue line, past both that blue line and the centre red line, to a player on the near side of the opponents' blue line. Offensive tactics are designed ultimately to score a goal by taking a shot. When a player purposely directs the puck towards the opponent's goal, he or she is said to \"shoot\" the puck.", "answer": "Offensive tactics", "sentence": "Offensive tactics include improving a team's position on the ice by advancing the puck out of one's zone towards the opponent's zone, progressively by gaining lines, first your own blue line, then the red line and finally the opponent's blue line.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Offensive tactics include improving a team's position on the ice by advancing the puck out of one's zone towards the opponent's zone, progressively by gaining lines, first your own blue line, then the red line and finally the opponent's blue line. <hl> NHL rules instated for the 2006 season redefined the offside rule to make the two-line pass legal; a player may pass the puck from behind his own blue line, past both that blue line and the centre red line, to a player on the near side of the opponents' blue line. Offensive tactics are designed ultimately to score a goal by taking a shot. When a player purposely directs the puck towards the opponent's goal, he or she is said to \"shoot\" the puck.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Offensive tactics <hl> include improving a team's position on the ice by advancing the puck out of one's zone towards the opponent's zone, progressively by gaining lines, first your own blue line, then the red line and finally the opponent's blue line. NHL rules instated for the 2006 season redefined the offside rule to make the two-line pass legal; a player may pass the puck from behind his own blue line, past both that blue line and the centre red line, to a player on the near side of the opponents' blue line. Offensive tactics are designed ultimately to score a goal by taking a shot. When a player purposely directs the puck towards the opponent's goal, he or she is said to \"shoot\" the puck.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Offensive tactics <hl> include improving a team's position on the ice by advancing the puck out of one's zone towards the opponent's zone, progressively by gaining lines, first your own blue line, then the red line and finally the opponent's blue line.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5e52b22cd4dfcfbce7d"}
{"question": "What determines if convex-concave lenses are positive or negative?", "paragraph": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "answer": "the relative curvatures of the two surfaces", "sentence": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces . <hl> A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "paragraph_answer": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on <hl> the relative curvatures of the two surfaces <hl>. A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "sentence_answer": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on <hl> the relative curvatures of the two surfaces <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6788922b22cd4dfcfbfe1b"}
{"question": "who involved in building structures?", "paragraph": "Structural engineers are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety. Structural engineers must ensure their designs satisfy given design criteria, predicated on safety (i.e. structures must not collapse without due warning) or serviceability and performance (i.e. building sway must not cause discomfort to the occupants).", "answer": "Structural engineers", "sentence": "Structural engineers are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineers are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety. <hl> Structural engineers must ensure their designs satisfy given design criteria, predicated on safety (i.e. structures must not collapse without due warning) or serviceability and performance (i.e. building sway must not cause discomfort to the occupants).", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Structural engineers <hl> are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety. Structural engineers must ensure their designs satisfy given design criteria, predicated on safety (i.e. structures must not collapse without due warning) or serviceability and performance (i.e. building sway must not cause discomfort to the occupants).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Structural engineers <hl> are most commonly involved in nonbuilding structures, as well as building structures, but they can also be involved in the design of machinery, medical equipment, vehicles or any item where structural integrity affects the item's function or safety.", "paragraph_id": "5d676fee2b22cd4dfcfbfba7"}
{"question": "In what year was the number of stripes on the U.S. flag increased?", "paragraph": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "answer": "1795", "sentence": "In 1795 , the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1795 , the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). <hl> For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1795 <hl>, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1795 <hl> , the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union).", "paragraph_id": "5d66677f2b22cd4dfcfbde14"}
{"question": "Who held a monopoly on media broadcasts?", "paragraph": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "answer": "Turkish Radio and Television Corporation", "sentence": "Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990.", "paragraph_sentence": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. <hl> Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. <hl> Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "paragraph_answer": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run <hl> Turkish Radio and Television Corporation <hl> (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "sentence_answer": "Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run <hl> Turkish Radio and Television Corporation <hl> (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608632b22cd4dfcfbd642"}
{"question": "Americans feel that the best way to keep jobs here is to keep what in the United States?", "paragraph": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "answer": "manufacturing", "sentence": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. <hl> Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "paragraph_answer": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep <hl> manufacturing <hl> in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "sentence_answer": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep <hl> manufacturing <hl> in this country and stop sending work overseas.", "paragraph_id": "5d6763a52b22cd4dfcfbf988"}
{"question": "What reacts with tin to make SnCl4?", "paragraph": "Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense. Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation:", "answer": "chlorine", "sentence": "Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense. <hl> Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. <hl> Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation:", "paragraph_answer": "Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense. Illustrating the routes to such compounds, <hl> chlorine <hl> reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation:", "sentence_answer": "Illustrating the routes to such compounds, <hl> chlorine <hl> reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas.", "paragraph_id": "5d6700882b22cd4dfcfbe9eb"}
{"question": "What forms when a layer of above freezing air is sandwiched between layers of sub-freezing air?", "paragraph": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below.  This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer.  As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets.  However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface.  A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "answer": "Ice pellets", "sentence": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. <hl> This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Ice pellets <hl> form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Ice pellets <hl> form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d2e52b22cd4dfcfc02bc"}
{"question": "What do some matrices that satisfy formula 2 also satisfy?", "paragraph": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "answer": "satisfy also formula 5", "sentence": "In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5 , whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). <hl> In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5 , whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to <hl> satisfy also formula 5 <hl>, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "sentence_answer": "In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to <hl> satisfy also formula 5 <hl> , whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "paragraph_id": "5d663db92b22cd4dfcfbdb64"}
{"question": "What has Verizon wireless offered that benefited tech start ups in New York?", "paragraph": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "answer": "a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade", "sentence": "Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City.", "paragraph_sentence": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. <hl> Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. <hl> As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "paragraph_answer": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing <hl> a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade <hl> throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "sentence_answer": "Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing <hl> a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade <hl> throughout New York City.", "paragraph_id": "5d6847d42b22cd4dfcfc06b4"}
{"question": "Most early United States settlers came from which christian denomination?", "paragraph": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities. The English and the German Americans brought along multiple Protestant denominations. Several colonies had an \"established\" church, which meant that local tax money went to the established denomination. Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right.", "answer": "Protestant", "sentence": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities. <hl> The English and the German Americans brought along multiple Protestant denominations. Several colonies had an \"established\" church, which meant that local tax money went to the established denomination. Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the settlers came from <hl> Protestant <hl> backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities. The English and the German Americans brought along multiple Protestant denominations. Several colonies had an \"established\" church, which meant that local tax money went to the established denomination. Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right.", "sentence_answer": "Most of the settlers came from <hl> Protestant <hl> backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6688412b22cd4dfcfbe200"}
{"question": "What Allied country went to Slovenia and saw that more allied soldiers were escaping German POW camps?", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "British military", "sentence": "In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. <hl> In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. <hl> They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the <hl> British military <hl> mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In the spring of 1944, the <hl> British military <hl> mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c13e2b22cd4dfcfc0171"}
{"question": "What is one of the many prestigious private prep schools located in Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Many prestigious private prep schools are located in Manhattan, including the Upper East Side's Brearley School, Dalton School, Browning School, Spence School, Chapin School, Nightingale-Bamford School, Convent of the Sacred Heart, Hewitt School, Saint David's School, and Loyola School, along with the Upper West Side's Collegiate School and Trinity School. The prestigious Regis High School, on the Upper East Side, is the only all-scholarship Catholic high school for boys in the country. The borough is also home to two private schools that are known as the most diverse in the nation, Manhattan Country School and United Nations International School. Manhattan has the only official Italian American school in the U.S., La Scuola d'Italia.", "answer": "Upper East Side's Brearley School", "sentence": "Many prestigious private prep schools are located in Manhattan, including the Upper East Side's Brearley School , Dalton School, Browning School, Spence School, Chapin School, Nightingale-Bamford School, Convent of the Sacred Heart, Hewitt School, Saint David's School, and Loyola School, along with the Upper West Side's Collegiate School and Trinity School.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many prestigious private prep schools are located in Manhattan, including the Upper East Side's Brearley School , Dalton School, Browning School, Spence School, Chapin School, Nightingale-Bamford School, Convent of the Sacred Heart, Hewitt School, Saint David's School, and Loyola School, along with the Upper West Side's Collegiate School and Trinity School. <hl> The prestigious Regis High School, on the Upper East Side, is the only all-scholarship Catholic high school for boys in the country. The borough is also home to two private schools that are known as the most diverse in the nation, Manhattan Country School and United Nations International School. Manhattan has the only official Italian American school in the U.S., La Scuola d'Italia.", "paragraph_answer": "Many prestigious private prep schools are located in Manhattan, including the <hl> Upper East Side's Brearley School <hl>, Dalton School, Browning School, Spence School, Chapin School, Nightingale-Bamford School, Convent of the Sacred Heart, Hewitt School, Saint David's School, and Loyola School, along with the Upper West Side's Collegiate School and Trinity School. The prestigious Regis High School, on the Upper East Side, is the only all-scholarship Catholic high school for boys in the country. The borough is also home to two private schools that are known as the most diverse in the nation, Manhattan Country School and United Nations International School. Manhattan has the only official Italian American school in the U.S., La Scuola d'Italia.", "sentence_answer": "Many prestigious private prep schools are located in Manhattan, including the <hl> Upper East Side's Brearley School <hl> , Dalton School, Browning School, Spence School, Chapin School, Nightingale-Bamford School, Convent of the Sacred Heart, Hewitt School, Saint David's School, and Loyola School, along with the Upper West Side's Collegiate School and Trinity School.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6422b22cd4dfcfbfef6"}
{"question": "When was the tournament discussed?", "paragraph": "The game developed at first without an organizing body. A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. Several tournaments, such as at the Banff Winter Carnival, were held in the early 20th Century and numerous women's teams such as the Seattle Vamps and Vancouver Amazons existed. Organizations started to develop in the 1920s, such as the  Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. Starting in the 1960s, the game spread to universities. Today, the game is played from youth through adult leagues, and in the universities of North America and internationally. There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "answer": "1902", "sentence": "A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament.", "paragraph_sentence": "The game developed at first without an organizing body. <hl> A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. <hl> Several tournaments, such as at the Banff Winter Carnival, were held in the early 20th Century and numerous women's teams such as the Seattle Vamps and Vancouver Amazons existed. Organizations started to develop in the 1920s, such as the Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. Starting in the 1960s, the game spread to universities. Today, the game is played from youth through adult leagues, and in the universities of North America and internationally. There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "paragraph_answer": "The game developed at first without an organizing body. A tournament in <hl> 1902 <hl> between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. Several tournaments, such as at the Banff Winter Carnival, were held in the early 20th Century and numerous women's teams such as the Seattle Vamps and Vancouver Amazons existed. Organizations started to develop in the 1920s, such as the Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. Starting in the 1960s, the game spread to universities. Today, the game is played from youth through adult leagues, and in the universities of North America and internationally. There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "sentence_answer": "A tournament in <hl> 1902 <hl> between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament.", "paragraph_id": "5d6691c32b22cd4dfcfbe296"}
{"question": "precipitation has decreased in the tropics since when?", "paragraph": "Increasing temperatures tend to increase evaporation which leads to more precipitation. Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30\u00b0N from 1900 to 2005 but has declined over the tropics since the 1970s.  Globally there has been no statistically significant overall trend in precipitation over the past century, although trends have varied widely by region and over time.  Eastern portions of North and South America, northern Europe, and northern and central Asia have become wetter.  The Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of southern Asia have become drier.  There has been an increase in the number of heavy precipitation events over many areas during the past century, as well as an increase since the 1970s in the prevalence of droughts\u2014especially in the tropics and subtropics.  Changes in precipitation and evaporation over the oceans are suggested by the decreased salinity of mid- and high-latitude waters (implying more precipitation), along with increased salinity in lower latitudes (implying less precipitation, more evaporation, or both).  Over the contiguous United States, total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6.1% per century since 1900, with the greatest increases within the East North Central climate region (11.6% per century) and the South (11.1%). Hawaii was the only region to show a decrease (-9.25%).", "answer": "1970s", "sentence": "Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30\u00b0N from 1900 to 2005 but has declined over the tropics since the 1970s .", "paragraph_sentence": "Increasing temperatures tend to increase evaporation which leads to more precipitation. <hl> Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30\u00b0N from 1900 to 2005 but has declined over the tropics since the 1970s . <hl> Globally there has been no statistically significant overall trend in precipitation over the past century, although trends have varied widely by region and over time. Eastern portions of North and South America, northern Europe, and northern and central Asia have become wetter. The Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of southern Asia have become drier. There has been an increase in the number of heavy precipitation events over many areas during the past century, as well as an increase since the 1970s in the prevalence of droughts\u2014especially in the tropics and subtropics. Changes in precipitation and evaporation over the oceans are suggested by the decreased salinity of mid- and high-latitude waters (implying more precipitation), along with increased salinity in lower latitudes (implying less precipitation, more evaporation, or both). Over the contiguous United States, total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6.1% per century since 1900, with the greatest increases within the East North Central climate region (11.6% per century) and the South (11.1%). Hawaii was the only region to show a decrease (-9.25%).", "paragraph_answer": "Increasing temperatures tend to increase evaporation which leads to more precipitation. Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30\u00b0N from 1900 to 2005 but has declined over the tropics since the <hl> 1970s <hl>. Globally there has been no statistically significant overall trend in precipitation over the past century, although trends have varied widely by region and over time. Eastern portions of North and South America, northern Europe, and northern and central Asia have become wetter. The Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of southern Asia have become drier. There has been an increase in the number of heavy precipitation events over many areas during the past century, as well as an increase since the 1970s in the prevalence of droughts\u2014especially in the tropics and subtropics. Changes in precipitation and evaporation over the oceans are suggested by the decreased salinity of mid- and high-latitude waters (implying more precipitation), along with increased salinity in lower latitudes (implying less precipitation, more evaporation, or both). Over the contiguous United States, total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6.1% per century since 1900, with the greatest increases within the East North Central climate region (11.6% per century) and the South (11.1%). Hawaii was the only region to show a decrease (-9.25%).", "sentence_answer": "Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30\u00b0N from 1900 to 2005 but has declined over the tropics since the <hl> 1970s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d671a3a2b22cd4dfcfbef4b"}
{"question": "What are matrices that satisfy the conclusion known as?", "paragraph": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "answer": "RHS", "sentence": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion ( RHS ) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion ( RHS ) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). <hl> In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "paragraph_answer": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion (<hl> RHS <hl>) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "sentence_answer": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion ( <hl> RHS <hl> ) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation).", "paragraph_id": "5d663db92b22cd4dfcfbdb63"}
{"question": "What does Markings on the ice indicate?", "paragraph": "The boards surrounding the ice help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are permitted to \"bodycheck\" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees, linesmen and the outsides of the goal are \"in play\" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. When play is stopped, it is restarted with a \"faceoff\". Two players \"face\" each other and an official drops the puck to the ice, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players.", "answer": "Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players.", "sentence": "Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players.", "paragraph_sentence": "The boards surrounding the ice help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are permitted to \"bodycheck\" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees, linesmen and the outsides of the goal are \"in play\" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. When play is stopped, it is restarted with a \"faceoff\". Two players \"face\" each other and an official drops the puck to the ice, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. <hl> Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The boards surrounding the ice help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are permitted to \"bodycheck\" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees, linesmen and the outsides of the goal are \"in play\" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. When play is stopped, it is restarted with a \"faceoff\". Two players \"face\" each other and an official drops the puck to the ice, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. <hl> Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6664022b22cd4dfcfbdd8d"}
{"question": "Palau and the Marshall Islands are both what?", "paragraph": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states.", "answer": "unitary states", "sentence": "While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states .", "paragraph_sentence": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. <hl> While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both unitary states . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "While not explicitly part of the U.S.'s political divisional makeup, as Associated States, the Federated States of Micronesia and Palau are divided into states (States of Micronesia and States of Palau). The Marshall Islands is divided into atolls and islands. While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both <hl> unitary states <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "While Micronesia is a federation, Palau and the Marshall Islands are both <hl> unitary states <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6772bc2b22cd4dfcfbfc28"}
{"question": "What did laws passed in the 1950s allow?", "paragraph": "Insurance and the insurance industry has grown, diversified and developed significantly ever since.  Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit multi-line charters in the 1950s.  From an industry dominated by small, local, single-line mutual companies and member societies, the business of insurance has grown increasingly towards multi-line, multi-state and even multi-national insurance conglomerates and holding companies.", "answer": "multi-line charters", "sentence": " Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit multi-line charters in the 1950s.", "paragraph_sentence": "Insurance and the insurance industry has grown, diversified and developed significantly ever since. <hl> Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit multi-line charters in the 1950s. <hl> From an industry dominated by small, local, single-line mutual companies and member societies, the business of insurance has grown increasingly towards multi-line, multi-state and even multi-national insurance conglomerates and holding companies.", "paragraph_answer": "Insurance and the insurance industry has grown, diversified and developed significantly ever since. Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit <hl> multi-line charters <hl> in the 1950s. From an industry dominated by small, local, single-line mutual companies and member societies, the business of insurance has grown increasingly towards multi-line, multi-state and even multi-national insurance conglomerates and holding companies.", "sentence_answer": " Insurance companies were, in large part, prohibited from writing more than one line of insurance until laws began to permit <hl> multi-line charters <hl> in the 1950s.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1b42b22cd4dfcfbd37b"}
{"question": "What type of constitution did Rev. Roger Williams establish with his fellow settlers?", "paragraph": "The Pilgrims were a small Protestant sect based in England and the Netherlands. One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620. After drawing up the Mayflower Compact by which they gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus. Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "answer": "egalitarian", "sentence": "Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "paragraph_sentence": "The Pilgrims were a small Protestant sect based in England and the Netherlands. One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620. After drawing up the Mayflower Compact by which they gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus. <hl> Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Pilgrims were a small Protestant sect based in England and the Netherlands. One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620. After drawing up the Mayflower Compact by which they gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus. Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an <hl> egalitarian <hl> constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "sentence_answer": "Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an <hl> egalitarian <hl> constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "paragraph_id": "5d661cd02b22cd4dfcfbd917"}
{"question": "When did Britain ban the slave trade?", "paragraph": "In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. Davis says that abolitionists assumed \"that an end to slave imports would lead automatically to the amelioration and gradual abolition of slavery\". Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce. The movement was joined by many and began to protest against the trade, but they were opposed by the owners of the colonial holdings. Following Lord Mansfield's decision in 1772, slaves became free upon entering the British isles. Under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson, the new state of Virginia in 1778 became the first state and one of the first jurisdictions anywhere to stop the importation of slaves for sale; it made it a crime for traders to bring in slaves from out of state or from overseas for sale; migrants from other states were allowed to bring their own slaves. The new law freed all slaves brought in illegally after its passage and imposed heavy fines on violators. Denmark, which had been active in the slave trade, was the first country to ban the trade through legislation in 1792, which took effect in 1803. Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade, and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. The United States Congress passed the Slave Trade Act of 1794, which prohibited the building or outfitting of ships in the U.S. for use in the slave trade. In 1807 Congress outlawed the importation of slaves beginning on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States Constitution for such a ban.", "answer": "1807,", "sentence": "Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807).", "paragraph_sentence": "In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. Davis says that abolitionists assumed \"that an end to slave imports would lead automatically to the amelioration and gradual abolition of slavery\". Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce. The movement was joined by many and began to protest against the trade, but they were opposed by the owners of the colonial holdings. Following Lord Mansfield's decision in 1772, slaves became free upon entering the British isles. Under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson, the new state of Virginia in 1778 became the first state and one of the first jurisdictions anywhere to stop the importation of slaves for sale; it made it a crime for traders to bring in slaves from out of state or from overseas for sale; migrants from other states were allowed to bring their own slaves. The new law freed all slaves brought in illegally after its passage and imposed heavy fines on violators. Denmark, which had been active in the slave trade, was the first country to ban the trade through legislation in 1792, which took effect in 1803. <hl> Britain banned the slave trade in 1807, imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). <hl> The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade, and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. The United States Congress passed the Slave Trade Act of 1794, which prohibited the building or outfitting of ships in the U.S. for use in the slave trade. In 1807 Congress outlawed the importation of slaves beginning on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States Constitution for such a ban.", "paragraph_answer": "In Britain, America, Portugal and in parts of Europe, opposition developed against the slave trade. Davis says that abolitionists assumed \"that an end to slave imports would lead automatically to the amelioration and gradual abolition of slavery\". Opposition to the trade was led by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and establishment Evangelicals such as William Wilberforce. The movement was joined by many and began to protest against the trade, but they were opposed by the owners of the colonial holdings. Following Lord Mansfield's decision in 1772, slaves became free upon entering the British isles. Under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson, the new state of Virginia in 1778 became the first state and one of the first jurisdictions anywhere to stop the importation of slaves for sale; it made it a crime for traders to bring in slaves from out of state or from overseas for sale; migrants from other states were allowed to bring their own slaves. The new law freed all slaves brought in illegally after its passage and imposed heavy fines on violators. Denmark, which had been active in the slave trade, was the first country to ban the trade through legislation in 1792, which took effect in 1803. Britain banned the slave trade in <hl> 1807, <hl> imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807). The Royal Navy moved to stop other nations from continuing the slave trade, and declared that slaving was equal to piracy and was punishable by death. The United States Congress passed the Slave Trade Act of 1794, which prohibited the building or outfitting of ships in the U.S. for use in the slave trade. In 1807 Congress outlawed the importation of slaves beginning on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted by the United States Constitution for such a ban.", "sentence_answer": "Britain banned the slave trade in <hl> 1807, <hl> imposing stiff fines for any slave found aboard a British ship (see Slave Trade Act 1807).", "paragraph_id": "5d66bb422b22cd4dfcfbe486"}
{"question": "What was New England's population in 1750?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "375,000", "sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). <hl> As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and <hl> 375,000 <hl> in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and <hl> 375,000 <hl> in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1692b22cd4dfcfbcb99"}
{"question": "When did the hybrid buses begin to be used in Oxford?", "paragraph": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010, on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys). Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel.", "answer": "15 July 2010", "sentence": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010 , on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010 , on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys). <hl> Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel.", "paragraph_answer": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on <hl> 15 July 2010 <hl>, on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys). Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel.", "sentence_answer": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on <hl> 15 July 2010 <hl> , on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys).", "paragraph_id": "5d67537f2b22cd4dfcfbf715"}
{"question": "What is responsible for the evolution of the Magallanes Basin?", "paragraph": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.\nThe Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "answer": "the onset of the Andean orogeny", "sentence": "Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "paragraph_sentence": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. <hl> Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia <hl> the onset of the Andean orogeny <hl> caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "sentence_answer": "Further south in southern Patagonia <hl> the onset of the Andean orogeny <hl> caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66864f2b22cd4dfcfbe1af"}
{"question": "Who is the Bolshevik party leader between 1908 to 1917?", "paragraph": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "answer": "Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP", "sentence": "Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. <hl> Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. <hl> Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "paragraph_answer": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, <hl> Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP <hl> in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "sentence_answer": "Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, <hl> Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP <hl> in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership.", "paragraph_id": "5d6813002b22cd4dfcfc054f"}
{"question": "What type of disease is angina?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "answer": "coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina", "sentence": "Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack).", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. <hl> Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). <hl> Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes <hl> coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina <hl> and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "sentence_answer": "Cardiovascular disease includes <hl> coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina <hl> and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack).", "paragraph_id": "5d660f0d2b22cd4dfcfbd758"}
{"question": "What is another significant improvement in the Sax?", "paragraph": "Sax's original keywork, which was based on the Triebert system 3 oboe for the left hand and the Boehm clarinet for the right, was very simplistic and made playing some legato passages and wide intervals extremely difficult to finger, so numerous developers added extra keys and alternate fingerings to make chromatic playing less difficult. While the early saxophone had two separate octave vents to assist in the playing of the upper registers just as modern instruments do, players of Sax's original design had to operate these via two separate octave keys operated by the left thumb. A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key, which is now universal on modern saxophones.  Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. However, this keywork never gained much popularity, and is no longer in use.", "answer": "A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key", "sentence": "A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key , which is now universal on modern saxophones.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sax's original keywork, which was based on the Triebert system 3 oboe for the left hand and the Boehm clarinet for the right, was very simplistic and made playing some legato passages and wide intervals extremely difficult to finger, so numerous developers added extra keys and alternate fingerings to make chromatic playing less difficult. While the early saxophone had two separate octave vents to assist in the playing of the upper registers just as modern instruments do, players of Sax's original design had to operate these via two separate octave keys operated by the left thumb. <hl> A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key , which is now universal on modern saxophones. <hl> Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. However, this keywork never gained much popularity, and is no longer in use.", "paragraph_answer": "Sax's original keywork, which was based on the Triebert system 3 oboe for the left hand and the Boehm clarinet for the right, was very simplistic and made playing some legato passages and wide intervals extremely difficult to finger, so numerous developers added extra keys and alternate fingerings to make chromatic playing less difficult. While the early saxophone had two separate octave vents to assist in the playing of the upper registers just as modern instruments do, players of Sax's original design had to operate these via two separate octave keys operated by the left thumb. <hl> A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key <hl>, which is now universal on modern saxophones. Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. However, this keywork never gained much popularity, and is no longer in use.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key <hl> , which is now universal on modern saxophones.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754d32b22cd4dfcfbf747"}
{"question": "What was discovered in 2009?", "paragraph": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "answer": "new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia", "sentence": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia , by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia , by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, <hl> new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia <hl>, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "sentence_answer": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, <hl> new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia <hl> , by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "paragraph_id": "5d6895052b22cd4dfcfc3c16"}
{"question": "The Romanija Mountains are apparently close to what city?", "paragraph": "Until early 1942, the almost exclusively Serb Partisans in Bosnia and Herzegovina cooperated closely with the Chetniks, and some Partisans in eastern Herzegovina and western Bosnia refused to accept Muslims into their ranks. For many Muslims, the behavior of these Serb Partisans towards them meant that there was little difference for them between the Partisans and Chetniks. However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the Kozara Mountain area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near Sarajevo. In the Kozara area, Muslims and Croats made up 25 percent of Partisan strength by the end of 1941.", "answer": "Sarajevo", "sentence": "However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the Kozara Mountain area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near Sarajevo .", "paragraph_sentence": "Until early 1942, the almost exclusively Serb Partisans in Bosnia and Herzegovina cooperated closely with the Chetniks, and some Partisans in eastern Herzegovina and western Bosnia refused to accept Muslims into their ranks. For many Muslims, the behavior of these Serb Partisans towards them meant that there was little difference for them between the Partisans and Chetniks. <hl> However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the Kozara Mountain area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near Sarajevo . <hl> In the Kozara area, Muslims and Croats made up 25 percent of Partisan strength by the end of 1941.", "paragraph_answer": "Until early 1942, the almost exclusively Serb Partisans in Bosnia and Herzegovina cooperated closely with the Chetniks, and some Partisans in eastern Herzegovina and western Bosnia refused to accept Muslims into their ranks. For many Muslims, the behavior of these Serb Partisans towards them meant that there was little difference for them between the Partisans and Chetniks. However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the Kozara Mountain area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near <hl> Sarajevo <hl>. In the Kozara area, Muslims and Croats made up 25 percent of Partisan strength by the end of 1941.", "sentence_answer": "However, in some areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Partisans were successful in attracting both Muslims and Croats from the beginning, notably in the Kozara Mountain area in north-west Bosnia and the Romanija Mountain area near <hl> Sarajevo <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd012b22cd4dfcfbe94c"}
{"question": "What level of government does the SfH represent?", "paragraph": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "answer": "federal", "sentence": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. <hl> The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "paragraph_answer": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized <hl> federal <hl> organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "sentence_answer": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized <hl> federal <hl> organization, and the universities themselves.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d44a2b22cd4dfcfbce44"}
{"question": "Is caste the only reason for surnames in India?", "paragraph": "In India, surnames are placed as last names or before first names, which often denote: village of origin, caste, clan, office of authority their ancestors held, or trades of their ancestors.", "answer": "village of origin, caste, clan, office of authority their ancestors held, or trades of their ancestors.", "sentence": "In India, surnames are placed as last names or before first names, which often denote: village of origin, caste, clan, office of authority their ancestors held, or trades of their ancestors.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In India, surnames are placed as last names or before first names, which often denote: village of origin, caste, clan, office of authority their ancestors held, or trades of their ancestors. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In India, surnames are placed as last names or before first names, which often denote: <hl> village of origin, caste, clan, office of authority their ancestors held, or trades of their ancestors. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "In India, surnames are placed as last names or before first names, which often denote: <hl> village of origin, caste, clan, office of authority their ancestors held, or trades of their ancestors. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d66f1b32b22cd4dfcfbe6bf"}
{"question": "Morality is what relationship to the culture of the person who holds it?", "paragraph": "In its normative sense, \"morality\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "answer": "may be independent", "sentence": "In its normative sense, \"morality\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In its normative sense, \"morality\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. <hl> Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "paragraph_answer": "In its normative sense, \"morality\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which <hl> may be independent <hl> of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "sentence_answer": "In its normative sense, \"morality\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which <hl> may be independent <hl> of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff2c2b22cd4dfcfbe9bd"}
{"question": "What type of reform revitalized monasticism?", "paragraph": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content.\nPolitical Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "answer": "Cistercian", "sentence": "The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests).", "paragraph_sentence": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. <hl> The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). <hl> Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "paragraph_answer": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of <hl> Cistercian <hl> reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "sentence_answer": "The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of <hl> Cistercian <hl> reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests).", "paragraph_id": "5d66fedd2b22cd4dfcfbe9a8"}
{"question": "What are the historical gardens near Pitt's campus?", "paragraph": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "answer": "Phipps Conservatory & Botanical", "sentence": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. <hl> Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "paragraph_answer": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, <hl> Phipps Conservatory & Botanical <hl> Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture. Many of these buildings and their facilities are integrated into the events and activities of the university.", "sentence_answer": "Historic structures within, adjacent to, or near Pitt's campus, but not belonging to the university, include the Carnegie Museum buildings, Frick School, Forbes Field wall remnant, Magee Estate iron fence, the Schenley Fountain, Mellon Institute, <hl> Phipps Conservatory & Botanical <hl> Gardens, the Pittsburgh Athletic Association, St. Paul's Cathedral, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, Schenley High School, Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall, and the Stephen Foster sculpture.", "paragraph_id": "5d6705222b22cd4dfcfbeac2"}
{"question": "What event was Martin Sheridan team captain of?", "paragraph": "The United States Flag Code outlines certain guidelines for the use, display, and disposal of the flag. For example, the flag should never be dipped to any person or thing, unless it is the ensign responding to a salute from a ship of a foreign nation. This tradition may come from the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, where countries were asked to dip their flag to King Edward VII: the American flag bearer did not. Team captain Martin Sheridan is famously quoted as saying \"this flag dips to no earthly king\", though the true provenance of this quotation is unclear.", "answer": "1908 Summer Olympics", "sentence": "This tradition may come from the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, where countries were asked to dip their flag to King Edward VII: the American flag bearer did not.", "paragraph_sentence": "The United States Flag Code outlines certain guidelines for the use, display, and disposal of the flag. For example, the flag should never be dipped to any person or thing, unless it is the ensign responding to a salute from a ship of a foreign nation. <hl> This tradition may come from the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, where countries were asked to dip their flag to King Edward VII: the American flag bearer did not. <hl> Team captain Martin Sheridan is famously quoted as saying \"this flag dips to no earthly king\", though the true provenance of this quotation is unclear.", "paragraph_answer": "The United States Flag Code outlines certain guidelines for the use, display, and disposal of the flag. For example, the flag should never be dipped to any person or thing, unless it is the ensign responding to a salute from a ship of a foreign nation. This tradition may come from the <hl> 1908 Summer Olympics <hl> in London, where countries were asked to dip their flag to King Edward VII: the American flag bearer did not. Team captain Martin Sheridan is famously quoted as saying \"this flag dips to no earthly king\", though the true provenance of this quotation is unclear.", "sentence_answer": "This tradition may come from the <hl> 1908 Summer Olympics <hl> in London, where countries were asked to dip their flag to King Edward VII: the American flag bearer did not.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1532b22cd4dfcfbcb92"}
{"question": "Fibrates do not effect the chance of heart problems despite raising bad cholesterol if you are on what?", "paragraph": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "answer": "statins", "sentence": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. <hl> The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "paragraph_answer": "The time course over which <hl> statins <hl> provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "sentence_answer": "The time course over which <hl> statins <hl> provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids.", "paragraph_id": "5d662e222b22cd4dfcfbdaa5"}
{"question": "What is the climate like?", "paragraph": "The state lies at a latitude of 23\u00b083'N \u2013 25\u00b068'N and a longitude of 93\u00b003'E \u2013 94\u00b078'E. The total area covered by the state is 22,347 square kilometres (8,628 sq mi). The capital lies in an oval-shaped valley of approximately 700 square miles (2,000 km2) surrounded by blue mountains and is at an elevation of 790 metres (2,590 ft) above sea level. The slope of the valley is from north to south. The mountain ranges create a moderated climate, preventing the cold winds from the north from reaching the valley and barring cyclonic storms originating from the Bay of Bengal.[citation needed]", "answer": "The mountain ranges create a moderated climate, preventing the cold winds from the north from reaching the valley", "sentence": "The mountain ranges create a moderated climate, preventing the cold winds from the north from reaching the valley and barring cyclonic storms originating from the Bay of Bengal.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The state lies at a latitude of 23\u00b083'N \u2013 25\u00b068'N and a longitude of 93\u00b003'E \u2013 94\u00b078'E. The total area covered by the state is 22,347 square kilometres (8,628 sq mi). The capital lies in an oval-shaped valley of approximately 700 square miles (2,000 km2) surrounded by blue mountains and is at an elevation of 790 metres (2,590 ft) above sea level. The slope of the valley is from north to south. <hl> The mountain ranges create a moderated climate, preventing the cold winds from the north from reaching the valley and barring cyclonic storms originating from the Bay of Bengal.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The state lies at a latitude of 23\u00b083'N \u2013 25\u00b068'N and a longitude of 93\u00b003'E \u2013 94\u00b078'E. The total area covered by the state is 22,347 square kilometres (8,628 sq mi). The capital lies in an oval-shaped valley of approximately 700 square miles (2,000 km2) surrounded by blue mountains and is at an elevation of 790 metres (2,590 ft) above sea level. The slope of the valley is from north to south. <hl> The mountain ranges create a moderated climate, preventing the cold winds from the north from reaching the valley <hl> and barring cyclonic storms originating from the Bay of Bengal.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The mountain ranges create a moderated climate, preventing the cold winds from the north from reaching the valley <hl> and barring cyclonic storms originating from the Bay of Bengal.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d6703762b22cd4dfcfbea6f"}
{"question": "How much land was purchased by the University in 1907?", "paragraph": "Citing a need to avoid confusion, distinguish itself from the University of Pennsylvania, and return to its roots by identifying itself with the city, the Western University of Pennsylvania, by act of the state legislature, was renamed the University of Pittsburgh in the summer of 1908. During this time, the University had also outgrown its accommodations on what is now the North Side of Pittsburgh and its departments had been scattered throughout the city for years. To consolidate all of its components on one campus, WUP bought 43 acres (170,000 m2) of land in December 1907 in what is now the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh and began relocating departments there by 1909. The initial campus plan for the new location centered on the winning submission from a national architectural contest that incorporated a Greek Acropolis design by Henry Hornbostel for 30 buildings. However, due to financial and other constraints, only four of the buildings were constructed in this style, of which only Thaw Hall remains today. In the fall of 1909, the University became the first college to adopt the panther as its mascot. It was also during this period that the university, led by Chancellor Samuel McCormick, again held off pressures to abandon the school's commitment to liberal education in favor of more technical-based training. During his administration, McCormick also led the university into a new level of national recognition, expansion, and growth, as well as beginning institutional support of athletics.", "answer": "43 acres", "sentence": "To consolidate all of its components on one campus, WUP bought 43 acres (170,000 m2) of land in December 1907 in what is now the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh and began relocating departments there by 1909.", "paragraph_sentence": "Citing a need to avoid confusion, distinguish itself from the University of Pennsylvania, and return to its roots by identifying itself with the city, the Western University of Pennsylvania, by act of the state legislature, was renamed the University of Pittsburgh in the summer of 1908. During this time, the University had also outgrown its accommodations on what is now the North Side of Pittsburgh and its departments had been scattered throughout the city for years. <hl> To consolidate all of its components on one campus, WUP bought 43 acres (170,000 m2) of land in December 1907 in what is now the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh and began relocating departments there by 1909. <hl> The initial campus plan for the new location centered on the winning submission from a national architectural contest that incorporated a Greek Acropolis design by Henry Hornbostel for 30 buildings. However, due to financial and other constraints, only four of the buildings were constructed in this style, of which only Thaw Hall remains today. In the fall of 1909, the University became the first college to adopt the panther as its mascot. It was also during this period that the university, led by Chancellor Samuel McCormick, again held off pressures to abandon the school's commitment to liberal education in favor of more technical-based training. During his administration, McCormick also led the university into a new level of national recognition, expansion, and growth, as well as beginning institutional support of athletics.", "paragraph_answer": "Citing a need to avoid confusion, distinguish itself from the University of Pennsylvania, and return to its roots by identifying itself with the city, the Western University of Pennsylvania, by act of the state legislature, was renamed the University of Pittsburgh in the summer of 1908. During this time, the University had also outgrown its accommodations on what is now the North Side of Pittsburgh and its departments had been scattered throughout the city for years. To consolidate all of its components on one campus, WUP bought <hl> 43 acres <hl> (170,000 m2) of land in December 1907 in what is now the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh and began relocating departments there by 1909. The initial campus plan for the new location centered on the winning submission from a national architectural contest that incorporated a Greek Acropolis design by Henry Hornbostel for 30 buildings. However, due to financial and other constraints, only four of the buildings were constructed in this style, of which only Thaw Hall remains today. In the fall of 1909, the University became the first college to adopt the panther as its mascot. It was also during this period that the university, led by Chancellor Samuel McCormick, again held off pressures to abandon the school's commitment to liberal education in favor of more technical-based training. During his administration, McCormick also led the university into a new level of national recognition, expansion, and growth, as well as beginning institutional support of athletics.", "sentence_answer": "To consolidate all of its components on one campus, WUP bought <hl> 43 acres <hl> (170,000 m2) of land in December 1907 in what is now the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh and began relocating departments there by 1909.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4162b22cd4dfcfbe743"}
{"question": "What powerful intellectual in colonial America was a key leader during the Great Awakening?", "paragraph": "The First Great Awakening, the nation's first major religious revival in the middle of the 18th century injected new vigor into Christian faith. It was a wave of religious enthusiasm among Protestants that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. Jonathan Edwards, perhaps most powerful intellectual in colonial America, was a key leader. George Whitefield came over from England and made many converts.  The Great Awakening emphasized the traditional Reformed virtues of Godly preaching, rudimentary liturgy, and a deep sense of personal guilt and redemption by Christ Jesus. It resulted from powerful preaching that deeply affected listeners with a deep sense of personal guilt and salvation by Christ.  Pulling away from ritual and ceremony, the Great Awakening made religion personal to the average person.", "answer": "Jonathan Edwards", "sentence": "Jonathan Edwards , perhaps most powerful intellectual in colonial America, was a key leader.", "paragraph_sentence": "The First Great Awakening, the nation's first major religious revival in the middle of the 18th century injected new vigor into Christian faith. It was a wave of religious enthusiasm among Protestants that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. <hl> Jonathan Edwards , perhaps most powerful intellectual in colonial America, was a key leader. <hl> George Whitefield came over from England and made many converts. The Great Awakening emphasized the traditional Reformed virtues of Godly preaching, rudimentary liturgy, and a deep sense of personal guilt and redemption by Christ Jesus. It resulted from powerful preaching that deeply affected listeners with a deep sense of personal guilt and salvation by Christ. Pulling away from ritual and ceremony, the Great Awakening made religion personal to the average person.", "paragraph_answer": "The First Great Awakening, the nation's first major religious revival in the middle of the 18th century injected new vigor into Christian faith. It was a wave of religious enthusiasm among Protestants that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American religion. <hl> Jonathan Edwards <hl>, perhaps most powerful intellectual in colonial America, was a key leader. George Whitefield came over from England and made many converts. The Great Awakening emphasized the traditional Reformed virtues of Godly preaching, rudimentary liturgy, and a deep sense of personal guilt and redemption by Christ Jesus. It resulted from powerful preaching that deeply affected listeners with a deep sense of personal guilt and salvation by Christ. Pulling away from ritual and ceremony, the Great Awakening made religion personal to the average person.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Jonathan Edwards <hl> , perhaps most powerful intellectual in colonial America, was a key leader.", "paragraph_id": "5d668ae52b22cd4dfcfbe21d"}
{"question": "What is the time limit for a double-minor?", "paragraph": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "answer": "four-minute", "sentence": "a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player.", "paragraph_sentence": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by <hl> a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. <hl> These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "paragraph_answer": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a <hl> four-minute <hl> double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "sentence_answer": "a <hl> four-minute <hl> double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player.", "paragraph_id": "5d6635d62b22cd4dfcfbdaef"}
{"question": "Why does Cuba claim to dispute their arrangement with the US?", "paragraph": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "answer": "Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing", "sentence": "The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing .", "paragraph_sentence": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. <hl> The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing . <hl> The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming <hl> Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing <hl>. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "sentence_answer": "The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming <hl> Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6773922b22cd4dfcfbfc4b"}
{"question": "How many times a year is the event Radikal Styles?", "paragraph": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "answer": "twice", "sentence": "In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. <hl> In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a <hl> twice <hl> yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "sentence_answer": "In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a <hl> twice <hl> yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "paragraph_id": "5d6600d12b22cd4dfcfbd55e"}
{"question": "What climate is found on the Sea of Marmara?", "paragraph": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "answer": "warmer, drier and less affected by humidity", "sentence": "The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. <hl> The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity . <hl> The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "paragraph_answer": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is <hl> warmer, drier and less affected by humidity <hl>. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "sentence_answer": "The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is <hl> warmer, drier and less affected by humidity <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67572e2b22cd4dfcfbf793"}
{"question": "Marxism-Leninism was first found in what decade?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism first became a distinct philosophical movement in the Soviet Union during the 1920s, when Joseph Stalin and his supporters gained control of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks). It rejected the notions, common among Marxists at the time, of world revolution as a prerequisite for building socialism in Russia (in favor of the concept of Socialism in One Country), and of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism (signified by the introduction of the First Five-Year Plan). The internationalism of Marxism\u2013Leninism was expressed in supporting revolutions in foreign countries (e.g., initially through the Communist International or through the concept of \"socialist-leaning countries\" of late Soviet Union).", "answer": "1920s", "sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism first became a distinct philosophical movement in the Soviet Union during the 1920s , when Joseph Stalin and his supporters gained control of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marxism\u2013Leninism first became a distinct philosophical movement in the Soviet Union during the 1920s , when Joseph Stalin and his supporters gained control of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks). <hl> It rejected the notions, common among Marxists at the time, of world revolution as a prerequisite for building socialism in Russia (in favor of the concept of Socialism in One Country), and of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism (signified by the introduction of the First Five-Year Plan). The internationalism of Marxism\u2013Leninism was expressed in supporting revolutions in foreign countries (e.g., initially through the Communist International or through the concept of \"socialist-leaning countries\" of late Soviet Union).", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism first became a distinct philosophical movement in the Soviet Union during the <hl> 1920s <hl>, when Joseph Stalin and his supporters gained control of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks). It rejected the notions, common among Marxists at the time, of world revolution as a prerequisite for building socialism in Russia (in favor of the concept of Socialism in One Country), and of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism (signified by the introduction of the First Five-Year Plan). The internationalism of Marxism\u2013Leninism was expressed in supporting revolutions in foreign countries (e.g., initially through the Communist International or through the concept of \"socialist-leaning countries\" of late Soviet Union).", "sentence_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism first became a distinct philosophical movement in the Soviet Union during the <hl> 1920s <hl> , when Joseph Stalin and his supporters gained control of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks).", "paragraph_id": "5d6729372b22cd4dfcfbf12e"}
{"question": "What is the main sex related hormone in women?", "paragraph": "Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women.  In a study done by the World Health Organization, sex contributes to approximately 40% of the variation in sex ratios of coronary heart disease mortality. Another study reports similar results finding that gender differences explains nearly half the risk associated with cardiovascular diseases One of the proposed explanations for gender differences in cardiovascular diseases is hormonal difference.  Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone. Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function.  The production of estrogen decreases after menopause, and this may change the female lipid metabolism toward a more atherogenic form by decreasing the HDL cholesterol level while increasing LDL and total cholesterol levels.", "answer": "estrogen", "sentence": " Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone.", "paragraph_sentence": "Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women. In a study done by the World Health Organization, sex contributes to approximately 40% of the variation in sex ratios of coronary heart disease mortality. Another study reports similar results finding that gender differences explains nearly half the risk associated with cardiovascular diseases One of the proposed explanations for gender differences in cardiovascular diseases is hormonal difference. <hl> Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone. <hl> Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function. The production of estrogen decreases after menopause, and this may change the female lipid metabolism toward a more atherogenic form by decreasing the HDL cholesterol level while increasing LDL and total cholesterol levels.", "paragraph_answer": "Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women. In a study done by the World Health Organization, sex contributes to approximately 40% of the variation in sex ratios of coronary heart disease mortality. Another study reports similar results finding that gender differences explains nearly half the risk associated with cardiovascular diseases One of the proposed explanations for gender differences in cardiovascular diseases is hormonal difference. Among women, <hl> estrogen <hl> is the predominant sex hormone. Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function. The production of estrogen decreases after menopause, and this may change the female lipid metabolism toward a more atherogenic form by decreasing the HDL cholesterol level while increasing LDL and total cholesterol levels.", "sentence_answer": " Among women, <hl> estrogen <hl> is the predominant sex hormone.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d18c2b22cd4dfcfbcdf6"}
{"question": "Who was the coach of the first two Helms Foundation Championship teams?", "paragraph": "Pitt first sponsored varsity men's basketball in 1905 and became an early national power after winning two Helms Foundation National Championships in 1927\u201328 and 1929\u201330. Those teams, coached by the innovative and legendary Naismith Hall of Fame inductee \"Doc\" Carlson, were led by National Player of the Year and Hall of Famer Charlie Hyatt. Following a Final Four appearance in 1941, Pitt appeared in a handful of NCAA tournaments throughout the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, including an Elite Eight appearance in 1974 led by All-American Billy Knight. Pitt joined the Big East Conference in 1982, and by the end of the decade had secured a pair of Big East regular season championships led by All-Americans Charles Smith and Jerome Lane. In the 2000s (decade), led by coach Jamie Dixon, an era of consistent national and conference competitiveness has been achieved, including reaching the number one ranking in various national polls. Since 2002, Pitt has appeared in eleven NCAA tournaments advancing to five Sweet Sixteens and an Elite Eight. During this time, prior to joining the Atlantic Coast Conference in 2013, Pitt and has won three Big East regular season championships, two Big East Tournament Championships, and has advanced to six Big East Tournament Championship games.", "answer": "\"Doc\" Carlson", "sentence": "Those teams, coached by the innovative and legendary Naismith Hall of Fame inductee \"Doc\" Carlson , were led by National Player of the Year and Hall of Famer Charlie Hyatt.", "paragraph_sentence": "Pitt first sponsored varsity men's basketball in 1905 and became an early national power after winning two Helms Foundation National Championships in 1927\u201328 and 1929\u201330. <hl> Those teams, coached by the innovative and legendary Naismith Hall of Fame inductee \"Doc\" Carlson , were led by National Player of the Year and Hall of Famer Charlie Hyatt. <hl> Following a Final Four appearance in 1941, Pitt appeared in a handful of NCAA tournaments throughout the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, including an Elite Eight appearance in 1974 led by All-American Billy Knight. Pitt joined the Big East Conference in 1982, and by the end of the decade had secured a pair of Big East regular season championships led by All-Americans Charles Smith and Jerome Lane. In the 2000s (decade), led by coach Jamie Dixon, an era of consistent national and conference competitiveness has been achieved, including reaching the number one ranking in various national polls. Since 2002, Pitt has appeared in eleven NCAA tournaments advancing to five Sweet Sixteens and an Elite Eight. During this time, prior to joining the Atlantic Coast Conference in 2013, Pitt and has won three Big East regular season championships, two Big East Tournament Championships, and has advanced to six Big East Tournament Championship games.", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt first sponsored varsity men's basketball in 1905 and became an early national power after winning two Helms Foundation National Championships in 1927\u201328 and 1929\u201330. Those teams, coached by the innovative and legendary Naismith Hall of Fame inductee <hl> \"Doc\" Carlson <hl>, were led by National Player of the Year and Hall of Famer Charlie Hyatt. Following a Final Four appearance in 1941, Pitt appeared in a handful of NCAA tournaments throughout the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, including an Elite Eight appearance in 1974 led by All-American Billy Knight. Pitt joined the Big East Conference in 1982, and by the end of the decade had secured a pair of Big East regular season championships led by All-Americans Charles Smith and Jerome Lane. In the 2000s (decade), led by coach Jamie Dixon, an era of consistent national and conference competitiveness has been achieved, including reaching the number one ranking in various national polls. Since 2002, Pitt has appeared in eleven NCAA tournaments advancing to five Sweet Sixteens and an Elite Eight. During this time, prior to joining the Atlantic Coast Conference in 2013, Pitt and has won three Big East regular season championships, two Big East Tournament Championships, and has advanced to six Big East Tournament Championship games.", "sentence_answer": "Those teams, coached by the innovative and legendary Naismith Hall of Fame inductee <hl> \"Doc\" Carlson <hl> , were led by National Player of the Year and Hall of Famer Charlie Hyatt.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8872b22cd4dfcfbe886"}
{"question": "What can ultimately result from age-related changes in the vascular wall?", "paragraph": "Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease.", "answer": "coronary artery disease", "sentence": "Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to <hl> coronary artery disease <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to <hl> coronary artery disease <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65cf6c2b22cd4dfcfbcdb2"}
{"question": "Why were stack-based procedure calls introduced originally?", "paragraph": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "answer": "to save precious memory", "sentence": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory .[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory .[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. <hl> At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "paragraph_answer": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was <hl> to save precious memory <hl>.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "sentence_answer": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was <hl> to save precious memory <hl> .[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure.", "paragraph_id": "5d674ed22b22cd4dfcfbf608"}
{"question": "What entity took over the role of sheriffs?", "paragraph": "Unlike all but one other state (Rhode Island), Connecticut does not have county government. Connecticut county governments were mostly eliminated in 1960, with the exception of sheriffs elected in each county. In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories. The judicial system is divided, at the trial court level, into judicial districts which largely follow the old county lines. The eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical and statistical purposes, such as weather reports, and census reporting.", "answer": "the state marshal system", "sentence": "In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system , which has districts that follow the old county territories.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike all but one other state (Rhode Island), Connecticut does not have county government. Connecticut county governments were mostly eliminated in 1960, with the exception of sheriffs elected in each county. <hl> In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system , which has districts that follow the old county territories. <hl> The judicial system is divided, at the trial court level, into judicial districts which largely follow the old county lines. The eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical and statistical purposes, such as weather reports, and census reporting.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike all but one other state (Rhode Island), Connecticut does not have county government. Connecticut county governments were mostly eliminated in 1960, with the exception of sheriffs elected in each county. In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with <hl> the state marshal system <hl>, which has districts that follow the old county territories. The judicial system is divided, at the trial court level, into judicial districts which largely follow the old county lines. The eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical and statistical purposes, such as weather reports, and census reporting.", "sentence_answer": "In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with <hl> the state marshal system <hl> , which has districts that follow the old county territories.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6712b22cd4dfcfbd1e2"}
{"question": "What does word inflection do?", "paragraph": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to express different grammatical functions. The semantic element does not change. Inflection uses affixing and infixing. Affixing is prefixing and suffixing. Latin inflections are never prefixed. For example, am\u0101bit, \"he or she will love\", is formed from the same stem, am\u0101-, to which a future tense marker, -bi-, is suffixed, and a third person singular marker, -t, is suffixed. There is an inherent ambiguity: -t may denote more than one grammatical category, in this case either masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context. All natural languages contain ambiguities of one sort or another.", "answer": "express different grammatical functions", "sentence": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to express different grammatical functions .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to express different grammatical functions . <hl> The semantic element does not change. Inflection uses affixing and infixing. Affixing is prefixing and suffixing. Latin inflections are never prefixed. For example, am\u0101bit, \"he or she will love\", is formed from the same stem, am\u0101-, to which a future tense marker, -bi-, is suffixed, and a third person singular marker, -t, is suffixed. There is an inherent ambiguity: -t may denote more than one grammatical category, in this case either masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context. All natural languages contain ambiguities of one sort or another.", "paragraph_answer": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to <hl> express different grammatical functions <hl>. The semantic element does not change. Inflection uses affixing and infixing. Affixing is prefixing and suffixing. Latin inflections are never prefixed. For example, am\u0101bit, \"he or she will love\", is formed from the same stem, am\u0101-, to which a future tense marker, -bi-, is suffixed, and a third person singular marker, -t, is suffixed. There is an inherent ambiguity: -t may denote more than one grammatical category, in this case either masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ambiguities by an analysis of context. All natural languages contain ambiguities of one sort or another.", "sentence_answer": "The grammatical function can be changed by changing the markers: the word is \"inflected\" to <hl> express different grammatical functions <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3862b22cd4dfcfbd3bd"}
{"question": "What is the simplest shape glass can be ground and polished into?", "paragraph": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "answer": "spherical surfaces", "sentence": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. <hl> Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "paragraph_answer": "Spherical aberration occurs because <hl> spherical surfaces <hl> are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "sentence_answer": "Spherical aberration occurs because <hl> spherical surfaces <hl> are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used.", "paragraph_id": "5d677f992b22cd4dfcfbfd87"}
{"question": "What jobs do Bittle & Johnson hold?", "paragraph": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "answer": "Authors", "sentence": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_sentence": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. <hl> Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. <hl> These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "paragraph_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. <hl> Authors <hl> Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Authors <hl> Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e3e2b22cd4dfcfbec87"}
{"question": "How many stories does they produce?", "paragraph": "For more than 20 years the paper has published a separate Scottish edition, which has been edited since January 2012 by Jason Allardyce. While most of the articles that run in the English edition appear in the Scottish edition, its award-winning staff also produces about a dozen Scottish news stories, including a front page article, most weeks. The edition also contains a weekly \"Scottish Focus\" feature and Scottish commentary, and covers Scottish sport in addition to providing Scottish television schedules. The Scottish issue is the biggest-selling quality newspaper in the market, outselling both Scotland on Sunday and the Sunday Herald.[citation needed]", "answer": "about a dozen", "sentence": "While most of the articles that run in the English edition appear in the Scottish edition, its award-winning staff also produces about a dozen Scottish news stories, including a front page article, most weeks.", "paragraph_sentence": "For more than 20 years the paper has published a separate Scottish edition, which has been edited since January 2012 by Jason Allardyce. <hl> While most of the articles that run in the English edition appear in the Scottish edition, its award-winning staff also produces about a dozen Scottish news stories, including a front page article, most weeks. <hl> The edition also contains a weekly \"Scottish Focus\" feature and Scottish commentary, and covers Scottish sport in addition to providing Scottish television schedules. The Scottish issue is the biggest-selling quality newspaper in the market, outselling both Scotland on Sunday and the Sunday Herald.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "For more than 20 years the paper has published a separate Scottish edition, which has been edited since January 2012 by Jason Allardyce. While most of the articles that run in the English edition appear in the Scottish edition, its award-winning staff also produces <hl> about a dozen <hl> Scottish news stories, including a front page article, most weeks. The edition also contains a weekly \"Scottish Focus\" feature and Scottish commentary, and covers Scottish sport in addition to providing Scottish television schedules. The Scottish issue is the biggest-selling quality newspaper in the market, outselling both Scotland on Sunday and the Sunday Herald.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "While most of the articles that run in the English edition appear in the Scottish edition, its award-winning staff also produces <hl> about a dozen <hl> Scottish news stories, including a front page article, most weeks.", "paragraph_id": "5d67536d2b22cd4dfcfbf702"}
{"question": "What is mid-relief?", "paragraph": "Mid-relief, \"half-relief\" or mezzo-rilievo is somewhat imprecisely defined, and the term is not often used in English, the works usually being described as low relief instead.  The typical traditional definition is that only up to half of the subject projects, and no elements are undercut or fully disengaged from the background field.  The depth of the elements shown is normally somewhat distorted.  Shallow-relief or rilievo stiacciato, used for the background areas of compositions with the main elements in low-relief, was perfected by the Italian Renaissance sculptor Donatello. It is a very shallow relief, which merges into engraving in places, and can be hard to read in photographs.", "answer": "only up to half of the subject projects, and no elements are undercut or fully disengaged from the background field", "sentence": " The typical traditional definition is that only up to half of the subject projects, and no elements are undercut or fully disengaged from the background field .", "paragraph_sentence": "Mid-relief, \"half-relief\" or mezzo-rilievo is somewhat imprecisely defined, and the term is not often used in English, the works usually being described as low relief instead. <hl> The typical traditional definition is that only up to half of the subject projects, and no elements are undercut or fully disengaged from the background field . <hl> The depth of the elements shown is normally somewhat distorted. Shallow-relief or rilievo stiacciato, used for the background areas of compositions with the main elements in low-relief, was perfected by the Italian Renaissance sculptor Donatello. It is a very shallow relief, which merges into engraving in places, and can be hard to read in photographs.", "paragraph_answer": "Mid-relief, \"half-relief\" or mezzo-rilievo is somewhat imprecisely defined, and the term is not often used in English, the works usually being described as low relief instead. The typical traditional definition is that <hl> only up to half of the subject projects, and no elements are undercut or fully disengaged from the background field <hl>. The depth of the elements shown is normally somewhat distorted. Shallow-relief or rilievo stiacciato, used for the background areas of compositions with the main elements in low-relief, was perfected by the Italian Renaissance sculptor Donatello. It is a very shallow relief, which merges into engraving in places, and can be hard to read in photographs.", "sentence_answer": " The typical traditional definition is that <hl> only up to half of the subject projects, and no elements are undercut or fully disengaged from the background field <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7302b22cd4dfcfc01f3"}
{"question": "Is northeastern India cold?", "paragraph": "The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region. Lying 790 meters above sea level, Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly. The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F). In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F), bringing frost. Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July.", "answer": "generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly", "sentence": "This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly .", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region. Lying 790 meters above sea level, Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. <hl> This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly . <hl> The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F). In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F), bringing frost. Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July.", "paragraph_answer": "The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region. Lying 790 meters above sea level, Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. This northeastern corner of India enjoys a <hl> generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly <hl>. The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F). In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F), bringing frost. Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July.", "sentence_answer": "This northeastern corner of India enjoys a <hl> generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670ee52b22cd4dfcfbecb7"}
{"question": "Other than yellow fever and malaria what was the main cause of death for small children?", "paragraph": "Mortality was very high for new arrivals, and high for children in the colonial era. Malaria was deadly to many new arrivals, especially in the Southern colonies. For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, over one-fourth of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas. Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria, yellow fever, and malaria. Most sick people turn to local healers, and used folk remedies. Others relied upon  the minister-physicians, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives, and ministers; a few used colonial physicians trained either in Britain, or an apprenticeship in the colonies. There was little government control, regulation of medical care or attention to public health. By the 18th century, Colonial physicians, following the models in England and Scotland, introduced modern medicine to the cities in the 18th century, and made some advances in vaccination, pathology, anatomy and pharmacology.", "answer": "diphtheria", "sentence": "Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria , yellow fever, and malaria.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mortality was very high for new arrivals, and high for children in the colonial era. Malaria was deadly to many new arrivals, especially in the Southern colonies. For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, over one-fourth of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas. <hl> Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from diphtheria , yellow fever, and malaria. <hl> Most sick people turn to local healers, and used folk remedies. Others relied upon the minister-physicians, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives, and ministers; a few used colonial physicians trained either in Britain, or an apprenticeship in the colonies. There was little government control, regulation of medical care or attention to public health. By the 18th century, Colonial physicians, following the models in England and Scotland, introduced modern medicine to the cities in the 18th century, and made some advances in vaccination, pathology, anatomy and pharmacology.", "paragraph_answer": "Mortality was very high for new arrivals, and high for children in the colonial era. Malaria was deadly to many new arrivals, especially in the Southern colonies. For an example of newly arrived able-bodied young men, over one-fourth of the Anglican missionaries died within five years of their arrival in the Carolinas. Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from <hl> diphtheria <hl>, yellow fever, and malaria. Most sick people turn to local healers, and used folk remedies. Others relied upon the minister-physicians, barber-surgeons, apothecaries, midwives, and ministers; a few used colonial physicians trained either in Britain, or an apprenticeship in the colonies. There was little government control, regulation of medical care or attention to public health. By the 18th century, Colonial physicians, following the models in England and Scotland, introduced modern medicine to the cities in the 18th century, and made some advances in vaccination, pathology, anatomy and pharmacology.", "sentence_answer": "Mortality was high for infants and small children, especially from <hl> diphtheria <hl> , yellow fever, and malaria.", "paragraph_id": "5d6773ba2b22cd4dfcfbfc65"}
{"question": "How have republicans responded to same-sex marriage since it became a legalized?", "paragraph": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "answer": "a more muted stance", "sentence": "Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance , and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_sentence": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. <hl> Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance , and the issue has lost much of its political potency. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken <hl> a more muted stance <hl>, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "sentence_answer": "Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken <hl> a more muted stance <hl> , and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_id": "5d674cd32b22cd4dfcfbf59d"}
{"question": "What part of Connectitcut is like New England?", "paragraph": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "answer": "Eastern Connecticut", "sentence": "Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. <hl> Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. <hl> The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. <hl> Eastern Connecticut <hl> is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Eastern Connecticut <hl> is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence.", "paragraph_id": "5d66187a2b22cd4dfcfbd855"}
{"question": "In which year did Spain trade Florida to Great Britain?", "paragraph": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "answer": "1763", "sentence": "In 1763 , Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1763 , Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. <hl> Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1763 <hl>, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1763 <hl> , Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de8b2b22cd4dfcfbd020"}
{"question": "How many carbon atoms do fatty acids contain?", "paragraph": "Sphingolipids are a complicated family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone that is synthesized de novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds. The major sphingoid base of mammals is commonly referred to as sphingosine. Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms.", "answer": "16 to 26 carbon atoms", "sentence": "The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms .", "paragraph_sentence": "Sphingolipids are a complicated family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone that is synthesized de novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds. The major sphingoid base of mammals is commonly referred to as sphingosine. Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. <hl> The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from 16 to 26 carbon atoms . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Sphingolipids are a complicated family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone that is synthesized de novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds. The major sphingoid base of mammals is commonly referred to as sphingosine. Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from <hl> 16 to 26 carbon atoms <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The fatty acids are typically saturated or mono-unsaturated with chain lengths from <hl> 16 to 26 carbon atoms <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6750602b22cd4dfcfbf681"}
{"question": "Who is responsible for submitting documents for member insurers?", "paragraph": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "answer": "Insurance Services Office", "sentence": "Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office , which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. <hl> Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office , which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. Many insurance providers use the <hl> Insurance Services Office <hl>, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "sentence_answer": "Many insurance providers use the <hl> Insurance Services Office <hl> , which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5f62b22cd4dfcfbcc96"}
{"question": "What is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy?", "paragraph": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "answer": "The inability to feel empathy", "sentence": "The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. <hl> The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. <hl> The inability to feel empathy <hl> is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The inability to feel empathy <hl> is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c502b22cd4dfcfbf577"}
{"question": "What was the main type of society which preceeded the Noelithic Revolutions?", "paragraph": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "answer": "hunter-gatherers", "sentence": "During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. <hl> During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. <hl> These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "paragraph_answer": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of <hl> hunter-gatherers <hl> that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "sentence_answer": "During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of <hl> hunter-gatherers <hl> that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714242b22cd4dfcfbee4a"}
{"question": "What was federated in 1900?", "paragraph": "The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia. From a comparative governmental perspective, the Australian Senate exhibits distinctive characteristics. Unlike upper houses in other Westminster system governments, the Senate is not a vestigial body with limited legislative power. Rather it was intended to play, and does play an active role in legislation. Rather than being modelled solely after the House of Lords, as the Canadian Senate was, the Australian Senate was in part modelled after the United States Senate, by giving equal representation to each state. The Constitution intended to give less populous states added voice in a Federal legislature, while also providing for the revising role of an upper house in the Westminster system.", "answer": "Australia", "sentence": "The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia. <hl> From a comparative governmental perspective, the Australian Senate exhibits distinctive characteristics. Unlike upper houses in other Westminster system governments, the Senate is not a vestigial body with limited legislative power. Rather it was intended to play, and does play an active role in legislation. Rather than being modelled solely after the House of Lords, as the Canadian Senate was, the Australian Senate was in part modelled after the United States Senate, by giving equal representation to each state. The Constitution intended to give less populous states added voice in a Federal legislature, while also providing for the revising role of an upper house in the Westminster system.", "paragraph_answer": "The Commonwealth of <hl> Australia <hl> Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia. From a comparative governmental perspective, the Australian Senate exhibits distinctive characteristics. Unlike upper houses in other Westminster system governments, the Senate is not a vestigial body with limited legislative power. Rather it was intended to play, and does play an active role in legislation. Rather than being modelled solely after the House of Lords, as the Canadian Senate was, the Australian Senate was in part modelled after the United States Senate, by giving equal representation to each state. The Constitution intended to give less populous states added voice in a Federal legislature, while also providing for the revising role of an upper house in the Westminster system.", "sentence_answer": "The Commonwealth of <hl> Australia <hl> Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d19f2b22cd4dfcfbcdfc"}
{"question": "When was maize first domesticated in Mesoamerica?", "paragraph": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC, squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America. In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot around 2500 BC. At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the Mexican highlands, fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC. In this area of the world people relied on hunting and gathering for several millennia to come. Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period.", "answer": "about 7500 BC", "sentence": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC , squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 7500 BC , squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. <hl> Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America. In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot around 2500 BC. At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the Mexican highlands, fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC. In this area of the world people relied on hunting and gathering for several millennia to come. Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period.", "paragraph_answer": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning <hl> about 7500 BC <hl>, squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC. Potatoes and manioc were domesticated in South America. In what is now the eastern United States, Native Americans domesticated sunflower, sumpweed and goosefoot around 2500 BC. At Guil\u00e1 Naquitz cave in the Mexican highlands, fragments of maize pollen, bottle gourd and pepo squash were recovered and variously dated between 8000 to 7000 BC. In this area of the world people relied on hunting and gathering for several millennia to come. Sedentary village life based on farming did not develop until the second millennium BC, referred to as the formative period.", "sentence_answer": "Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning <hl> about 7500 BC <hl> , squash, as early as 8000 to 6000 BC and beans by no later than 4000 BC.", "paragraph_id": "5d673fc82b22cd4dfcfbf3e4"}
{"question": "how many carbons are in alpha-linolenic and linoleic acid?", "paragraph": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "answer": "18", "sentence": "Both of these fatty acids are 18 -carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. <hl> Both of these fatty acids are 18 -carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. <hl> Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are <hl> 18 <hl>-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "sentence_answer": "Both of these fatty acids are <hl> 18 <hl> -carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds.", "paragraph_id": "5d6805cf2b22cd4dfcfc0515"}
{"question": "About how many U.S. Jobs were added from October 2010 to November 2015?", "paragraph": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "answer": "12.4 million", "sentence": "From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "paragraph_sentence": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. <hl> From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of <hl> 12.4 million <hl> jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "sentence_answer": "From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of <hl> 12.4 million <hl> jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707c42b22cd4dfcfbeb43"}
{"question": "When is a territory expected to follow any changes issued by the federal government?", "paragraph": "The power of Congress over territorial divisions that are not part of one of the states is exclusive and universal. Once a territory becomes a state of the Union, the state must consent to any changes pertaining to the jurisdiction of that state. The only potential violation of this occurred when the legislature of Virginia declared the secession of Virginia from the United States at the start of the American Civil War and a newly formed alternative Virginia legislature, recognized by the federal government, consented to have West Virginia secede from Virginia.", "answer": "becomes a state", "sentence": "Once a territory becomes a state of the Union, the state must consent to any changes pertaining to the jurisdiction of that state.", "paragraph_sentence": "The power of Congress over territorial divisions that are not part of one of the states is exclusive and universal. <hl> Once a territory becomes a state of the Union, the state must consent to any changes pertaining to the jurisdiction of that state. <hl> The only potential violation of this occurred when the legislature of Virginia declared the secession of Virginia from the United States at the start of the American Civil War and a newly formed alternative Virginia legislature, recognized by the federal government, consented to have West Virginia secede from Virginia.", "paragraph_answer": "The power of Congress over territorial divisions that are not part of one of the states is exclusive and universal. Once a territory <hl> becomes a state <hl> of the Union, the state must consent to any changes pertaining to the jurisdiction of that state. The only potential violation of this occurred when the legislature of Virginia declared the secession of Virginia from the United States at the start of the American Civil War and a newly formed alternative Virginia legislature, recognized by the federal government, consented to have West Virginia secede from Virginia.", "sentence_answer": "Once a territory <hl> becomes a state <hl> of the Union, the state must consent to any changes pertaining to the jurisdiction of that state.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e7f32b22cd4dfcfc03e4"}
{"question": "When did the Governor of Alabama sign the apology?", "paragraph": "On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\" With the passing of that resolution, Virginia became the first of the 50 United States to acknowledge through the state's governing body their state's involvement in slavery. The passing of this resolution came on the heels of the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Jamestown, Virginia, which was the first permanent English colony to survive in what would become the United States. Jamestown is also recognized as one of the first slave ports of the American colonies. On 31 May 2007, the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.", "answer": "31 May 2007", "sentence": "On 31 May 2007 , the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects.", "paragraph_sentence": "On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\" With the passing of that resolution, Virginia became the first of the 50 United States to acknowledge through the state's governing body their state's involvement in slavery. The passing of this resolution came on the heels of the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Jamestown, Virginia, which was the first permanent English colony to survive in what would become the United States. Jamestown is also recognized as one of the first slave ports of the American colonies. <hl> On 31 May 2007 , the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. <hl> Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.", "paragraph_answer": "On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\" With the passing of that resolution, Virginia became the first of the 50 United States to acknowledge through the state's governing body their state's involvement in slavery. The passing of this resolution came on the heels of the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Jamestown, Virginia, which was the first permanent English colony to survive in what would become the United States. Jamestown is also recognized as one of the first slave ports of the American colonies. On <hl> 31 May 2007 <hl>, the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.", "sentence_answer": "On <hl> 31 May 2007 <hl> , the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects.", "paragraph_id": "5d6686be2b22cd4dfcfbe1cb"}
{"question": "Ohalo II is dated to when?", "paragraph": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "answer": "19,400 BP", "sentence": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. <hl> Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "paragraph_answer": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around <hl> 19,400 BP <hl> has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "sentence_answer": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around <hl> 19,400 BP <hl> has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0d42b22cd4dfcfbe686"}
{"question": "What public company sponsored the Memorial Chapel?", "paragraph": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\"  The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "answer": "Heinz", "sentence": "The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. <hl> The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. <hl> By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\" The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "paragraph_answer": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, <hl> Heinz <hl> Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\" The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "sentence_answer": "The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, <hl> Heinz <hl> Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5312b22cd4dfcfbe793"}
{"question": "What type of religions tend to be more black and white in their views of divorce?", "paragraph": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "answer": "monotheistic", "sentence": "In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. <hl> In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. <hl> Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In <hl> monotheistic <hl> traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> monotheistic <hl> traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality.", "paragraph_id": "5d670b162b22cd4dfcfbebc6"}
{"question": "Who introduced the concept by translating Descartes' works into Latin?", "paragraph": "The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat, although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. Both authors used a single axis in their treatments and have a variable length measured in reference to this axis. The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students. These commentators introduced several concepts while trying to clarify the ideas contained in Descartes' work.", "answer": "Frans van Schooten and his students", "sentence": "The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students .", "paragraph_sentence": "The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat, although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. Both authors used a single axis in their treatments and have a variable length measured in reference to this axis. <hl> The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students . <hl> These commentators introduced several concepts while trying to clarify the ideas contained in Descartes' work.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat, although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. Both authors used a single axis in their treatments and have a variable length measured in reference to this axis. The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by <hl> Frans van Schooten and his students <hl>. These commentators introduced several concepts while trying to clarify the ideas contained in Descartes' work.", "sentence_answer": "The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by <hl> Frans van Schooten and his students <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661ced2b22cd4dfcfbd921"}
{"question": "Which highway connects Manipur with Assam?", "paragraph": "Tulihal Airport, Changangei, Imphal, the only airport of Manipur, connects directly with Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati, and Agartala. It has been upgraded as an International airport. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. National Highway NH-39 links Manipur with the rest of the country through the railway stations at Dimapur in Nagaland at a distance of 215 km (134 mi) from Imphal. National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal. The road network of Manipur, with a length of 7,170 km (4,460 mi) connects all the important towns and distant villages.", "answer": "National Highway 53", "sentence": "National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tulihal Airport, Changangei, Imphal, the only airport of Manipur, connects directly with Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati, and Agartala. It has been upgraded as an International airport. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. National Highway NH-39 links Manipur with the rest of the country through the railway stations at Dimapur in Nagaland at a distance of 215 km (134 mi) from Imphal. <hl> National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal. <hl> The road network of Manipur, with a length of 7,170 km (4,460 mi) connects all the important towns and distant villages.", "paragraph_answer": "Tulihal Airport, Changangei, Imphal, the only airport of Manipur, connects directly with Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati, and Agartala. It has been upgraded as an International airport. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. National Highway NH-39 links Manipur with the rest of the country through the railway stations at Dimapur in Nagaland at a distance of 215 km (134 mi) from Imphal. <hl> National Highway 53 <hl> (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal. The road network of Manipur, with a length of 7,170 km (4,460 mi) connects all the important towns and distant villages.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> National Highway 53 <hl> (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal.", "paragraph_id": "5d6764ef2b22cd4dfcfbf9bc"}
{"question": "When did the University become apart of the System of Higher education?", "paragraph": "The University was chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1787 and it operated as a fully private institution until an alteration to its charter in 1966 at which point it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education. This conferred \"state-related\" status to the university making it a legal instrument of the Commonwealth which provides an annual financial appropriation, currently 7.7% of the university's total operating budget, in exchange for the university offering tuition discounts to students that are residents of Pennsylvania. Legally, however, the university remains a private entity, operating under its nonprofit corporate charter, governed by its independent Board of Trustees, and with its assets under its own ownership and control. Therefore, it retains the freedom and individuality of a private institution, both administratively and academically, setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring.", "answer": "1966", "sentence": "The University was chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1787 and it operated as a fully private institution until an alteration to its charter in 1966 at which point it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The University was chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1787 and it operated as a fully private institution until an alteration to its charter in 1966 at which point it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education. <hl> This conferred \"state-related\" status to the university making it a legal instrument of the Commonwealth which provides an annual financial appropriation, currently 7.7% of the university's total operating budget, in exchange for the university offering tuition discounts to students that are residents of Pennsylvania. Legally, however, the university remains a private entity, operating under its nonprofit corporate charter, governed by its independent Board of Trustees, and with its assets under its own ownership and control. Therefore, it retains the freedom and individuality of a private institution, both administratively and academically, setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring.", "paragraph_answer": "The University was chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1787 and it operated as a fully private institution until an alteration to its charter in <hl> 1966 <hl> at which point it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education. This conferred \"state-related\" status to the university making it a legal instrument of the Commonwealth which provides an annual financial appropriation, currently 7.7% of the university's total operating budget, in exchange for the university offering tuition discounts to students that are residents of Pennsylvania. Legally, however, the university remains a private entity, operating under its nonprofit corporate charter, governed by its independent Board of Trustees, and with its assets under its own ownership and control. Therefore, it retains the freedom and individuality of a private institution, both administratively and academically, setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring.", "sentence_answer": "The University was chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1787 and it operated as a fully private institution until an alteration to its charter in <hl> 1966 <hl> at which point it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education.", "paragraph_id": "5d67435f2b22cd4dfcfbf44a"}
{"question": "What acronym-disseminating trend took off in businesses in the mid to late 19th century?", "paragraph": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "answer": "abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing", "sentence": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing \u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing \u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). <hl> Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "paragraph_answer": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: <hl> abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing <hl>\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "sentence_answer": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: <hl> abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing <hl> \u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T).", "paragraph_id": "5d65b7e32b22cd4dfcfbcb2c"}
{"question": "What notions did the results of the investigations of brain activity during moral reasoning support?", "paragraph": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature.  In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "answer": "the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings", "sentence": "This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings .", "paragraph_sentence": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature. In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). <hl> This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings . <hl> These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "paragraph_answer": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature. In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). This supports <hl> the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings <hl>. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "sentence_answer": "This supports <hl> the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6768042b22cd4dfcfbfa43"}
{"question": "Did Robert G. Hefts teachers change his grade after the design was accepted by Congress?", "paragraph": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B\u2013 for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project. Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively.", "answer": "his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project", "sentence": "According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project .", "paragraph_sentence": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B\u2013 for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. <hl> According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project . <hl> Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B\u2013 for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. According to Heft, <hl> his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project <hl>. Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively.", "sentence_answer": "According to Heft, <hl> his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6677992b22cd4dfcfbe01f"}
{"question": "What is the concept that aims to explain why people still feel they are moral individuals despite engaging in immoral behaviors?", "paragraph": "Even though we have a sense of responsibility to pursue moral purposes,[according to whom?] we still, at least occasionally, engage in immoral behaviour.   Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals.  Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour.   When our moral self-image is threatened, we can gain confidence from our past moral behaviour. The more confident we are, the less we will worry about our future behaviour which actually increases the likelihood that we will engage in immoral behaviours.", "answer": "Moral self-licensing", "sentence": " Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour.", "paragraph_sentence": "Even though we have a sense of responsibility to pursue moral purposes,[according to whom?] we still, at least occasionally, engage in immoral behaviour. Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals. <hl> Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour. <hl> When our moral self-image is threatened, we can gain confidence from our past moral behaviour. The more confident we are, the less we will worry about our future behaviour which actually increases the likelihood that we will engage in immoral behaviours.", "paragraph_answer": "Even though we have a sense of responsibility to pursue moral purposes,[according to whom?] we still, at least occasionally, engage in immoral behaviour. Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals. <hl> Moral self-licensing <hl> attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour. When our moral self-image is threatened, we can gain confidence from our past moral behaviour. The more confident we are, the less we will worry about our future behaviour which actually increases the likelihood that we will engage in immoral behaviours.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Moral self-licensing <hl> attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour.", "paragraph_id": "5d6752cc2b22cd4dfcfbf6f8"}
{"question": "What hormone is produced in lower amounts following menopause?", "paragraph": "Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women.  In a study done by the World Health Organization, sex contributes to approximately 40% of the variation in sex ratios of coronary heart disease mortality. Another study reports similar results finding that gender differences explains nearly half the risk associated with cardiovascular diseases One of the proposed explanations for gender differences in cardiovascular diseases is hormonal difference.  Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone. Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function.  The production of estrogen decreases after menopause, and this may change the female lipid metabolism toward a more atherogenic form by decreasing the HDL cholesterol level while increasing LDL and total cholesterol levels.", "answer": "Estrogen", "sentence": "Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function.", "paragraph_sentence": "Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women. In a study done by the World Health Organization, sex contributes to approximately 40% of the variation in sex ratios of coronary heart disease mortality. Another study reports similar results finding that gender differences explains nearly half the risk associated with cardiovascular diseases One of the proposed explanations for gender differences in cardiovascular diseases is hormonal difference. Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone. <hl> Estrogen may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function. <hl> The production of estrogen decreases after menopause, and this may change the female lipid metabolism toward a more atherogenic form by decreasing the HDL cholesterol level while increasing LDL and total cholesterol levels.", "paragraph_answer": "Coronary heart diseases are 2 to 5 times more common among middle-aged men than women. In a study done by the World Health Organization, sex contributes to approximately 40% of the variation in sex ratios of coronary heart disease mortality. Another study reports similar results finding that gender differences explains nearly half the risk associated with cardiovascular diseases One of the proposed explanations for gender differences in cardiovascular diseases is hormonal difference. Among women, estrogen is the predominant sex hormone. <hl> Estrogen <hl> may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function. The production of estrogen decreases after menopause, and this may change the female lipid metabolism toward a more atherogenic form by decreasing the HDL cholesterol level while increasing LDL and total cholesterol levels.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Estrogen <hl> may have protective effects through glucose metabolism and hemostatic system, and may have direct effect in improving endothelial cell function.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d18c2b22cd4dfcfbcdf4"}
{"question": "How would everyone loves someone be abbreviated in first order logic?", "paragraph": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y). This is accomplished by abbreviating the relation \"x loves y\" by L(x,y). Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built. The following diagrams show models for each of them, assuming that there are exactly five individuals a,...,e who can love (vertical axis) and be loved (horizontal axis). A small red box at row x and column y indicates L(x,y). Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "answer": "\u2200x\u2203y L(x,y)", "sentence": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y) .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y) . <hl> This is accomplished by abbreviating the relation \"x loves y\" by L(x,y). Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built. The following diagrams show models for each of them, assuming that there are exactly five individuals a,...,e who can love (vertical axis) and be loved (horizontal axis). A small red box at row x and column y indicates L(x,y). Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "paragraph_answer": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like <hl> \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y) <hl>. This is accomplished by abbreviating the relation \"x loves y\" by L(x,y). Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built. The following diagrams show models for each of them, assuming that there are exactly five individuals a,...,e who can love (vertical axis) and be loved (horizontal axis). A small red box at row x and column y indicates L(x,y). Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "sentence_answer": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like <hl> \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6e02b22cd4dfcfbcce1"}
{"question": "Who provides an unemployment rate forecast", "paragraph": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "answer": "The Congressional Budget Office", "sentence": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. <hl> During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Congressional Budget Office <hl> provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Congressional Budget Office <hl> provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4862b22cd4dfcfbe768"}
{"question": "What are the most common sizes for the U.S. flag?", "paragraph": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "answer": "2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667)", "sentence": "In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667) .", "paragraph_sentence": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. <hl> In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667) . <hl> Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "paragraph_answer": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are <hl> 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667) <hl>. Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "sentence_answer": "In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are <hl> 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666cb92b22cd4dfcfbde99"}
{"question": "Which city is Connecticut's center of population?", "paragraph": "Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. It is known as the \"Constitution State\", the \"Nutmeg State\", the \"Provisions State\", and the \"Land of Steady Habits\". It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States. Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire, New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "answer": "Cheshire", "sentence": "Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire , New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. It is known as the \"Constitution State\", the \"Nutmeg State\", the \"Provisions State\", and the \"Land of Steady Habits\". It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States. Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. <hl> Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire , New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. It is known as the \"Constitution State\", the \"Nutmeg State\", the \"Provisions State\", and the \"Land of Steady Habits\". It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States. Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. Connecticut's center of population is in <hl> Cheshire <hl>, New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut's center of population is in <hl> Cheshire <hl> , New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd932b22cd4dfcfbcfc9"}
{"question": "How much did a bushel of wheat cost in 1770?", "paragraph": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "answer": "twice as much as it did in 1720", "sentence": "By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. <hl> By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720 . <hl> Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "paragraph_answer": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost <hl> twice as much as it did in 1720 <hl>. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "sentence_answer": "By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost <hl> twice as much as it did in 1720 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6609292b22cd4dfcfbd66c"}
{"question": "Which two groups of people increased their presence in American lives?", "paragraph": "The French and Indian War took on a new significance for the British North American colonists when William Pitt the Elder decided that, in order to win the war against France, major military resources needed to be devoted to North America. For the first time, the continent became one of the main theaters of what could be termed a \"world war\". During the war, the position of the British colonies as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as British military and civilian officials took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans. The war also increased a sense of American unity in other ways. It caused men, who might normally have never left their own colony, to travel across the continent, fighting alongside men from decidedly different, yet still \"American\", backgrounds. Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably George Washington) for battle\u2014which would later benefit the American Revolution. Also, colonial legislatures and officials had to cooperate intensively, for the first time, in pursuit of the continent-wide military effort. The relations between the British military establishment and the colonists were not always positive, setting the stage for later distrust and dislike of British troops.", "answer": "British military and civilian officials", "sentence": "During the war, the position of the British colonies as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as British military and civilian officials took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans.", "paragraph_sentence": "The French and Indian War took on a new significance for the British North American colonists when William Pitt the Elder decided that, in order to win the war against France, major military resources needed to be devoted to North America. For the first time, the continent became one of the main theaters of what could be termed a \"world war\". <hl> During the war, the position of the British colonies as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as British military and civilian officials took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans. <hl> The war also increased a sense of American unity in other ways. It caused men, who might normally have never left their own colony, to travel across the continent, fighting alongside men from decidedly different, yet still \"American\", backgrounds. Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably George Washington) for battle\u2014which would later benefit the American Revolution. Also, colonial legislatures and officials had to cooperate intensively, for the first time, in pursuit of the continent-wide military effort. The relations between the British military establishment and the colonists were not always positive, setting the stage for later distrust and dislike of British troops.", "paragraph_answer": "The French and Indian War took on a new significance for the British North American colonists when William Pitt the Elder decided that, in order to win the war against France, major military resources needed to be devoted to North America. For the first time, the continent became one of the main theaters of what could be termed a \"world war\". During the war, the position of the British colonies as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as <hl> British military and civilian officials <hl> took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans. The war also increased a sense of American unity in other ways. It caused men, who might normally have never left their own colony, to travel across the continent, fighting alongside men from decidedly different, yet still \"American\", backgrounds. Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably George Washington) for battle\u2014which would later benefit the American Revolution. Also, colonial legislatures and officials had to cooperate intensively, for the first time, in pursuit of the continent-wide military effort. The relations between the British military establishment and the colonists were not always positive, setting the stage for later distrust and dislike of British troops.", "sentence_answer": "During the war, the position of the British colonies as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as <hl> British military and civilian officials <hl> took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans.", "paragraph_id": "5d6627d92b22cd4dfcfbda38"}
{"question": "what compounds are used to stabilize PVC plastics?", "paragraph": "The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "answer": "organotin compounds", "sentence": "The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. <hl> In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "paragraph_answer": "The major commercial application of <hl> organotin compounds <hl> is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "sentence_answer": "The major commercial application of <hl> organotin compounds <hl> is in the stabilization of PVC plastics.", "paragraph_id": "5d674dd42b22cd4dfcfbf5d1"}
{"question": "What is an example of a language that can distinguish between functions?", "paragraph": "Some programming languages, such as Pascal, Fortran, Ada and many dialects of BASIC, distinguish between functions or function subprograms, which provide an explicit return value to the calling program, and subroutines or procedures, which do not. In those languages, function calls are normally embedded in expressions (e.g., a sqrt function may be called as y = z + sqrt(x)). Procedure calls either behave syntactically as statements (e.g., a print procedure may be called as if x > 0 then print(x) or are explicitly invoked by a statement such as CALL or GOSUB (e.g. call print(x)). Other languages, such as C and Lisp, do not distinguish between functions and subroutines.", "answer": "Pascal", "sentence": "Some programming languages, such as Pascal , Fortran, Ada and many dialects of BASIC, distinguish between functions or function subprograms, which provide an explicit return value to the calling program, and subroutines or procedures, which do not.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some programming languages, such as Pascal , Fortran, Ada and many dialects of BASIC, distinguish between functions or function subprograms, which provide an explicit return value to the calling program, and subroutines or procedures, which do not. <hl> In those languages, function calls are normally embedded in expressions (e.g., a sqrt function may be called as y = z + sqrt(x)). Procedure calls either behave syntactically as statements (e.g., a print procedure may be called as if x > 0 then print(x) or are explicitly invoked by a statement such as CALL or GOSUB (e.g. call print(x)). Other languages, such as C and Lisp, do not distinguish between functions and subroutines.", "paragraph_answer": "Some programming languages, such as <hl> Pascal <hl>, Fortran, Ada and many dialects of BASIC, distinguish between functions or function subprograms, which provide an explicit return value to the calling program, and subroutines or procedures, which do not. In those languages, function calls are normally embedded in expressions (e.g., a sqrt function may be called as y = z + sqrt(x)). Procedure calls either behave syntactically as statements (e.g., a print procedure may be called as if x > 0 then print(x) or are explicitly invoked by a statement such as CALL or GOSUB (e.g. call print(x)). Other languages, such as C and Lisp, do not distinguish between functions and subroutines.", "sentence_answer": "Some programming languages, such as <hl> Pascal <hl> , Fortran, Ada and many dialects of BASIC, distinguish between functions or function subprograms, which provide an explicit return value to the calling program, and subroutines or procedures, which do not.", "paragraph_id": "5d671ff92b22cd4dfcfbeff4"}
{"question": "What is the main issue that the Republican party has?", "paragraph": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "answer": "a particular divide", "sentence": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. <hl> Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "paragraph_answer": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains <hl> a particular divide <hl> within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "sentence_answer": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains <hl> a particular divide <hl> within the Party.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d8b02b22cd4dfcfc02ff"}
{"question": "What does the Latin phrase Medicinae Doctor mean?", "paragraph": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \"teacher of medicine\", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. In countries that follow the tradition of ancient Scotland, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. It is most commonly used in the United States. In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery. In those countries, the MD may either be a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD);  an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.", "answer": "teacher of medicine", "sentence": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \" teacher of medicine \", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \" teacher of medicine \", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. <hl> In countries that follow the tradition of ancient Scotland, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. It is most commonly used in the United States. In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery. In those countries, the MD may either be a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD); an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.", "paragraph_answer": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \"<hl> teacher of medicine <hl>\", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. In countries that follow the tradition of ancient Scotland, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. It is most commonly used in the United States. In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery. In those countries, the MD may either be a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD); an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.", "sentence_answer": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \" <hl> teacher of medicine <hl> \", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9242b22cd4dfcfbd241"}
{"question": "How is the value of x obtained?", "paragraph": "That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y). In the notation \n\n\n\ng\n\u2218\nf\n\n\n{\\displaystyle g\\circ f}\n\n, the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order.  The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as \"g of f\" or \"g after f\". The composition \n\n\n\ng\n\u2218\nf\n\n\n{\\displaystyle g\\circ f}\n\n is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g. Assuming that, the composition in the opposite order \n\n\n\nf\n\u2218\ng\n\n\n{\\displaystyle f\\circ g}\n\n need not be defined. Even if it is, i.e., if the codomain of f is the codomain of g, it is not in general true that", "answer": "first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y)", "sentence": "That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y) .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y) . <hl> In the notation g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} , the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order. The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as \"g of f\" or \"g after f\". The composition g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g. Assuming that, the composition in the opposite order f \u2218 g {\\displaystyle f\\circ g} need not be defined. Even if it is, i.e., if the codomain of f is the codomain of g, it is not in general true that", "paragraph_answer": "That is, the value of x is obtained by <hl> first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y) <hl>. In the notation g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} , the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order. The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as \"g of f\" or \"g after f\". The composition g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g. Assuming that, the composition in the opposite order f \u2218 g {\\displaystyle f\\circ g} need not be defined. Even if it is, i.e., if the codomain of f is the codomain of g, it is not in general true that", "sentence_answer": "That is, the value of x is obtained by <hl> first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660cd52b22cd4dfcfbd70e"}
{"question": "Who attends the major party convention?", "paragraph": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. The convention may choose to endorse a candidate, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "answer": "members of the town party committee", "sentence": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee . <hl> The convention may choose to endorse a candidate, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "paragraph_answer": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by <hl> members of the town party committee <hl>. The convention may choose to endorse a candidate, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "sentence_answer": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by <hl> members of the town party committee <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6682ae2b22cd4dfcfbe145"}
{"question": "What does neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology focus on?", "paragraph": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "answer": "examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems", "sentence": "Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems , respectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. <hl> Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems , respectively. <hl> Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "paragraph_answer": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology <hl> examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems <hl>, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "sentence_answer": "Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology <hl> examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems <hl> , respectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b3d82b22cd4dfcfbffda"}
{"question": "What type of relief is very common to the Ancient Egyptians?", "paragraph": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "answer": "Sunk or sunken relief", "sentence": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. <hl> It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Sunk or sunken relief <hl> is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Sunk or sunken relief <hl> is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief.", "paragraph_id": "5d681f002b22cd4dfcfc05c6"}
{"question": "What percentage of U.S. armaments did Connecticut produce during World War II?", "paragraph": "The advent of Lend-Lease in support of Britain helped lift Connecticut from the Great Depression, with the state a major production center for weaponry and supplies used in World War II. Connecticut manufactured 4.1 percent of total U.S. military armaments produced during World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states, with major factories including Colt for firearms, Pratt & Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for fighter planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers, and Electric Boat for submarines and PT boats. In Bridgeport, General Electric would produce a significant new weapon to counter opposing tanks: the bazooka.", "answer": "4.1 percent", "sentence": "Connecticut manufactured 4.1 percent of total U.S. military armaments produced during World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states, with major factories including Colt for firearms, Pratt & Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for fighter planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers, and Electric Boat for submarines and PT boats.", "paragraph_sentence": "The advent of Lend-Lease in support of Britain helped lift Connecticut from the Great Depression, with the state a major production center for weaponry and supplies used in World War II. <hl> Connecticut manufactured 4.1 percent of total U.S. military armaments produced during World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states, with major factories including Colt for firearms, Pratt & Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for fighter planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers, and Electric Boat for submarines and PT boats. <hl> In Bridgeport, General Electric would produce a significant new weapon to counter opposing tanks: the bazooka.", "paragraph_answer": "The advent of Lend-Lease in support of Britain helped lift Connecticut from the Great Depression, with the state a major production center for weaponry and supplies used in World War II. Connecticut manufactured <hl> 4.1 percent <hl> of total U.S. military armaments produced during World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states, with major factories including Colt for firearms, Pratt & Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for fighter planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers, and Electric Boat for submarines and PT boats. In Bridgeport, General Electric would produce a significant new weapon to counter opposing tanks: the bazooka.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut manufactured <hl> 4.1 percent <hl> of total U.S. military armaments produced during World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states, with major factories including Colt for firearms, Pratt & Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for fighter planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers, and Electric Boat for submarines and PT boats.", "paragraph_id": "5d6619832b22cd4dfcfbd8ac"}
{"question": "What should you use if you don't like the way Windows inputs text in a particular language?", "paragraph": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "answer": "Third-party IMEs", "sentence": "Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "paragraph_sentence": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). <hl> Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). <hl> Third-party IMEs <hl> may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Third-party IMEs <hl> may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "paragraph_id": "5d6710292b22cd4dfcfbed07"}
{"question": "Which countries use both parents last names?", "paragraph": "In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country.", "answer": "Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain", "sentence": "In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain , despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain , despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in <hl> Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain <hl>, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country.", "sentence_answer": "In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in <hl> Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain <hl> , despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country.", "paragraph_id": "5d675d3e2b22cd4dfcfbf8a9"}
{"question": "What occupation did Cotton Mather hold in Boston?", "paragraph": "New Englanders wrote journals, pamphlets, books and especially sermons\u2014more than all of the other colonies combined. Cotton Mather, a Boston minister published Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702), while revivalist Jonathan Edwards wrote his philosophical work, A Careful and Strict Enquiry Into...Notions of...Freedom of Will... (1754). Most music had a religious theme as well and was mainly the singing of Psalms. Because of New England's deep religious beliefs, artistic works that were insufficiently religious or too \"worldly\" were banned, especially the theater. The leading theologian and philosopher of the colonial era was Jonathan Edwards of Massachusetts, an interpreter of Calvinism, and the leader of the First Great Awakening.", "answer": "minister", "sentence": "Cotton Mather, a Boston minister published Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702), while revivalist Jonathan Edwards wrote his philosophical work,", "paragraph_sentence": "New Englanders wrote journals, pamphlets, books and especially sermons\u2014more than all of the other colonies combined. <hl> Cotton Mather, a Boston minister published Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702), while revivalist Jonathan Edwards wrote his philosophical work, <hl> A Careful and Strict Enquiry Into...Notions of...Freedom of Will... (1754). Most music had a religious theme as well and was mainly the singing of Psalms. Because of New England's deep religious beliefs, artistic works that were insufficiently religious or too \"worldly\" were banned, especially the theater. The leading theologian and philosopher of the colonial era was Jonathan Edwards of Massachusetts, an interpreter of Calvinism, and the leader of the First Great Awakening.", "paragraph_answer": "New Englanders wrote journals, pamphlets, books and especially sermons\u2014more than all of the other colonies combined. Cotton Mather, a Boston <hl> minister <hl> published Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702), while revivalist Jonathan Edwards wrote his philosophical work, A Careful and Strict Enquiry Into...Notions of...Freedom of Will... (1754). Most music had a religious theme as well and was mainly the singing of Psalms. Because of New England's deep religious beliefs, artistic works that were insufficiently religious or too \"worldly\" were banned, especially the theater. The leading theologian and philosopher of the colonial era was Jonathan Edwards of Massachusetts, an interpreter of Calvinism, and the leader of the First Great Awakening.", "sentence_answer": "Cotton Mather, a Boston <hl> minister <hl> published Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702), while revivalist Jonathan Edwards wrote his philosophical work,", "paragraph_id": "5d6657922b22cd4dfcfbdc5e"}
{"question": "When did medieval Latin cease to exist due to the Renaissance Humanists?", "paragraph": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists. Often led by members of the clergy, they were shocked by the accelerated dismantling of the vestiges of the classical world and the rapid loss of its literature. They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of producing revised editions of the literary works that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts. They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "answer": "15th century", "sentence": "They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists. Often led by members of the clergy, they were shocked by the accelerated dismantling of the vestiges of the classical world and the rapid loss of its literature. They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of producing revised editions of the literary works that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts. <hl> They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists. Often led by members of the clergy, they were shocked by the accelerated dismantling of the vestiges of the classical world and the rapid loss of its literature. They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of producing revised editions of the literary works that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts. They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the <hl> 15th century <hl> and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "sentence_answer": "They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the <hl> 15th century <hl> and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "paragraph_id": "5d661a252b22cd4dfcfbd8ba"}
{"question": "What is a physician with an MBBS degree called?", "paragraph": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience. Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctorates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as \"house officers\".", "answer": "doctor", "sentence": "Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctor ates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners.", "paragraph_sentence": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience. <hl> Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctor ates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. <hl> In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as \"house officers\".", "paragraph_answer": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience. Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold <hl> doctor <hl>ates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as \"house officers\".", "sentence_answer": "Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold <hl> doctor <hl> ates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners.", "paragraph_id": "5d6624de2b22cd4dfcfbd9ef"}
{"question": "When was the population of Germany expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line?", "paragraph": "After 1945, the German population was expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line, making room for displaced Poles and Russians. Poland gained most of the southern shore. The Soviet Union gained another access to the Baltic with the Kaliningrad Oblast. The Baltic states on the eastern shore were annexed by the Soviet Union. The Baltic then separated opposing military blocs: NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Had war broken out, the Polish navy was prepared to invade the Danish isles. This border status restricted trade and travel. It ended only after the collapse of the Communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in the late 1980s.", "answer": "After 1945", "sentence": "After 1945 , the German population was expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line, making room for displaced Poles and Russians.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After 1945 , the German population was expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line, making room for displaced Poles and Russians. <hl> Poland gained most of the southern shore. The Soviet Union gained another access to the Baltic with the Kaliningrad Oblast. The Baltic states on the eastern shore were annexed by the Soviet Union. The Baltic then separated opposing military blocs: NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Had war broken out, the Polish navy was prepared to invade the Danish isles. This border status restricted trade and travel. It ended only after the collapse of the Communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in the late 1980s.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> After 1945 <hl>, the German population was expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line, making room for displaced Poles and Russians. Poland gained most of the southern shore. The Soviet Union gained another access to the Baltic with the Kaliningrad Oblast. The Baltic states on the eastern shore were annexed by the Soviet Union. The Baltic then separated opposing military blocs: NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Had war broken out, the Polish navy was prepared to invade the Danish isles. This border status restricted trade and travel. It ended only after the collapse of the Communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in the late 1980s.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> After 1945 <hl> , the German population was expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line, making room for displaced Poles and Russians.", "paragraph_id": "5d66400d2b22cd4dfcfbdb86"}
{"question": "How many men did the Partisans detached on the islands?", "paragraph": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "answer": "around 3,000 men", "sentence": "At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men .[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS).", "paragraph_sentence": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. <hl> At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men .[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). <hl> The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, <hl> around 3,000 men <hl>.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, <hl> around 3,000 men <hl> .[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS).", "paragraph_id": "5d67bce52b22cd4dfcfc010d"}
{"question": "What do arches bear in a single direction?", "paragraph": "Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry. They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch. It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure.", "answer": "forces in compression", "sentence": "Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry. <hl> They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch. It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure.", "paragraph_answer": "Arches carry <hl> forces in compression <hl> in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry. They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch. It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure.", "sentence_answer": "Arches carry <hl> forces in compression <hl> in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry.", "paragraph_id": "5d675fbb2b22cd4dfcfbf914"}
{"question": "The Swedish people brought which style of cabin to the New World?", "paragraph": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "answer": "log cabin", "sentence": "The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. <hl> The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. <hl> The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the <hl> log cabin <hl> to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The colonists also introduced the <hl> log cabin <hl> to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6642b22cd4dfcfbd1d5"}
{"question": "Muslims and other religious adherents moved into Constantinople from which region of Turkey?", "paragraph": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul. He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia. He demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September. From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\" in Turkish (Greek: \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2). However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. He also invited people from all over Europe to his capital, creating a cosmopolitan society that persisted through much of the Ottoman period. Plague continued, however, to be essentially endemic in Istanbul for the rest of the century, as it had been from 1520, with a few years of respite between 1529 and 1533, 1549 and 1552, and from 1567 to 1570; epidemics originating in the West and in the Hejaz and southern Russia. Population growth in Anatolia, however, allowed Istanbul to replace its losses and maintain its population of around 500,000 inhabitants down to 1800. Mehmed II also repaired the city's damaged infrastructure, including the whole water system, began to build the Grand Bazaar, and constructed Topkap\u0131 Palace, the sultan's official residence. With the transfer of the capital from Edirne (formerly Adrianople) to Constantinople, the new state was declared as the successor and continuation of the Roman Empire.", "answer": "Anatolia", "sentence": "He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia .", "paragraph_sentence": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul. <hl> He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia . <hl> He demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September. From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\" in Turkish (Greek: \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2). However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. He also invited people from all over Europe to his capital, creating a cosmopolitan society that persisted through much of the Ottoman period. Plague continued, however, to be essentially endemic in Istanbul for the rest of the century, as it had been from 1520, with a few years of respite between 1529 and 1533, 1549 and 1552, and from 1567 to 1570; epidemics originating in the West and in the Hejaz and southern Russia. Population growth in Anatolia, however, allowed Istanbul to replace its losses and maintain its population of around 500,000 inhabitants down to 1800. Mehmed II also repaired the city's damaged infrastructure, including the whole water system, began to build the Grand Bazaar, and constructed Topkap\u0131 Palace, the sultan's official residence. With the transfer of the capital from Edirne (formerly Adrianople) to Constantinople, the new state was declared as the successor and continuation of the Roman Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul. He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of <hl> Anatolia <hl>. He demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September. From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\" in Turkish (Greek: \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2). However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. He also invited people from all over Europe to his capital, creating a cosmopolitan society that persisted through much of the Ottoman period. Plague continued, however, to be essentially endemic in Istanbul for the rest of the century, as it had been from 1520, with a few years of respite between 1529 and 1533, 1549 and 1552, and from 1567 to 1570; epidemics originating in the West and in the Hejaz and southern Russia. Population growth in Anatolia, however, allowed Istanbul to replace its losses and maintain its population of around 500,000 inhabitants down to 1800. Mehmed II also repaired the city's damaged infrastructure, including the whole water system, began to build the Grand Bazaar, and constructed Topkap\u0131 Palace, the sultan's official residence. With the transfer of the capital from Edirne (formerly Adrianople) to Constantinople, the new state was declared as the successor and continuation of the Roman Empire.", "sentence_answer": "He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of <hl> Anatolia <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3be2b22cd4dfcfbd12d"}
{"question": "Who proposed the Entscheidungs problem in 1928", "paragraph": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "answer": "David Hilbert", "sentence": "This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. <hl> This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. <hl> Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by <hl> David Hilbert <hl> in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "sentence_answer": "This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by <hl> David Hilbert <hl> in 1928.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674562b22cd4dfcfbdf9d"}
{"question": "Which team won the first tournament?", "paragraph": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\" The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender.  In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "answer": "McGill", "sentence": "The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. <hl> The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\" <hl> The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender. In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "paragraph_answer": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. The <hl> McGill <hl> team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\" The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender. In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> McGill <hl> team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6662892b22cd4dfcfbdd36"}
{"question": "What kind of towns can New Canaan and Darien be characterized as?", "paragraph": "The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democratic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. The historically Republican-leaning wealthy town of Wilton voted in the majority for Barack Obama in the 2008 Presidential Election. Norwalk and Stamford, two larger, mixed-income communities in Fairfield County, have in many elections favored moderate Republicans including former Governor John G. Rowland and former Congressman Chris Shays, however they have favored Democrats in recent US presidential election years, with Shays being defeated by Democrat Jim Himes in the 2008 election.", "answer": "suburban towns", "sentence": "The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. <hl> Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democratic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. The historically Republican-leaning wealthy town of Wilton voted in the majority for Barack Obama in the 2008 Presidential Election. Norwalk and Stamford, two larger, mixed-income communities in Fairfield County, have in many elections favored moderate Republicans including former Governor John G. Rowland and former Congressman Chris Shays, however they have favored Democrats in recent US presidential election years, with Shays being defeated by Democrat Jim Himes in the 2008 election.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> suburban towns <hl> of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democratic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. The historically Republican-leaning wealthy town of Wilton voted in the majority for Barack Obama in the 2008 Presidential Election. Norwalk and Stamford, two larger, mixed-income communities in Fairfield County, have in many elections favored moderate Republicans including former Governor John G. Rowland and former Congressman Chris Shays, however they have favored Democrats in recent US presidential election years, with Shays being defeated by Democrat Jim Himes in the 2008 election.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> suburban towns <hl> of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f4a62b22cd4dfcfbd3e3"}
{"question": "What system has the strength to uniquely describe infinite domain structures?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. \nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. \nNo first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "answer": "categorical axiom systems)", "sentence": "Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. <hl> Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, <hl> categorical axiom systems) <hl> can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "sentence_answer": "Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, <hl> categorical axiom systems) <hl> can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b5262b22cd4dfcfbe41b"}
{"question": "What conference center at Pitt was chosen as a historical landmark?", "paragraph": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "answer": "Gardner Steel", "sentence": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, <hl> Gardner Steel <hl> Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "sentence_answer": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, <hl> Gardner Steel <hl> Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703952b22cd4dfcfbea76"}
{"question": "Which university operated a project regarding the structure of local governments?", "paragraph": "Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a \"revolutionary megatrend\" in the 1980s.  In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration. Cornell University's project on Restructuring Local Government states that decentralization refers to the \"global trend\" of devolving responsibilities to regional or local governments. Robert J. Bennett's Decentralization, Intergovernmental Relations and Markets: Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized \"welfarist\" policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "answer": "Cornell University", "sentence": "Cornell University 's", "paragraph_sentence": "Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a \"revolutionary megatrend\" in the 1980s. In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration. <hl> Cornell University 's <hl> project on Restructuring Local Government states that decentralization refers to the \"global trend\" of devolving responsibilities to regional or local governments. Robert J. Bennett's Decentralization, Intergovernmental Relations and Markets: Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized \"welfarist\" policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a \"revolutionary megatrend\" in the 1980s. In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration. <hl> Cornell University <hl>'s project on Restructuring Local Government states that decentralization refers to the \"global trend\" of devolving responsibilities to regional or local governments. Robert J. Bennett's Decentralization, Intergovernmental Relations and Markets: Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized \"welfarist\" policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cornell University <hl> 's", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5162b22cd4dfcfbd188"}
{"question": "New York gave up a territorial dispute in which century?", "paragraph": "The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "answer": "17th", "sentence": "This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "paragraph_sentence": "The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton. <hl> This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late <hl> 17th <hl> century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "sentence_answer": "This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late <hl> 17th <hl> century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "paragraph_id": "5d65df012b22cd4dfcfbd03d"}
{"question": "What will often be indicated by the first name of his or her father or mother in regards to that person as a child?", "paragraph": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "answer": "A person's last name", "sentence": "A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic).", "paragraph_sentence": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. <hl> A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). <hl> Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "paragraph_answer": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. <hl> A person's last name <hl> indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A person's last name <hl> indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic).", "paragraph_id": "5d6738e02b22cd4dfcfbf2e5"}
{"question": "What does HEARTH stand for?", "paragraph": "On May 20, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009. The HEARTH Act amends and reauthorizes the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act with substantial changes. The HEARTH Act of 2009 consolidated HUD's competitive grant programs, created a Rural Housing Stability Program, changed HUD's definition of homelessness and chronic homelessness, supplied a simplified match requirement, increased prevention resources and increased in the emphasis on performance. The primary purpose of the legislation was to define homelessness terms: \"homeless,\" \"homeless individual,\" \"homeless person,\" and \"homeless individual with a disability.\"", "answer": "Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing", "sentence": "On May 20, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On May 20, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act of 2009. <hl> The HEARTH Act amends and reauthorizes the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act with substantial changes. The HEARTH Act of 2009 consolidated HUD's competitive grant programs, created a Rural Housing Stability Program, changed HUD's definition of homelessness and chronic homelessness, supplied a simplified match requirement, increased prevention resources and increased in the emphasis on performance. The primary purpose of the legislation was to define homelessness terms: \"homeless,\" \"homeless individual,\" \"homeless person,\" and \"homeless individual with a disability.\"", "paragraph_answer": "On May 20, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the <hl> Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing <hl> (HEARTH) Act of 2009. The HEARTH Act amends and reauthorizes the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act with substantial changes. The HEARTH Act of 2009 consolidated HUD's competitive grant programs, created a Rural Housing Stability Program, changed HUD's definition of homelessness and chronic homelessness, supplied a simplified match requirement, increased prevention resources and increased in the emphasis on performance. The primary purpose of the legislation was to define homelessness terms: \"homeless,\" \"homeless individual,\" \"homeless person,\" and \"homeless individual with a disability.\"", "sentence_answer": "On May 20, 2009, President Barack Obama signed the <hl> Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing <hl> (HEARTH) Act of 2009.", "paragraph_id": "5d6691822b22cd4dfcfbe28f"}
{"question": "How are living languages taught?", "paragraph": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication. It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S., such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. The British Cambridge University Press is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus.", "answer": "as a means of both spoken and written communication", "sentence": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication . <hl> It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S., such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. The British Cambridge University Press is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus.", "paragraph_answer": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., <hl> as a means of both spoken and written communication <hl>. It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S., such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. The British Cambridge University Press is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus.", "sentence_answer": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., <hl> as a means of both spoken and written communication <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d663d5d2b22cd4dfcfbdb4e"}
{"question": "The Pryamid stones were what type of rock?", "paragraph": "However, it's important to note that the structural stability of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape.  The integrity of the pyramid is intact as long as each of the stones is able to support the weight of the stone above it. The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. Since the compressive strength of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa = Pa * 10^6), the blocks will not fail under compression. Therefore, the structural strength of the pyramid stems from the material properties of the stones from which it was built rather than the pyramid's geometry.", "answer": "limestone", "sentence": "The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site.", "paragraph_sentence": "However, it's important to note that the structural stability of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape. The integrity of the pyramid is intact as long as each of the stones is able to support the weight of the stone above it. <hl> The limestone blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. <hl> Since the compressive strength of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa = Pa * 10^6), the blocks will not fail under compression. Therefore, the structural strength of the pyramid stems from the material properties of the stones from which it was built rather than the pyramid's geometry.", "paragraph_answer": "However, it's important to note that the structural stability of the pyramid is not primarily a result of its shape. The integrity of the pyramid is intact as long as each of the stones is able to support the weight of the stone above it. The <hl> limestone <hl> blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site. Since the compressive strength of limestone is anywhere from 30 to 250 MPa (MPa = Pa * 10^6), the blocks will not fail under compression. Therefore, the structural strength of the pyramid stems from the material properties of the stones from which it was built rather than the pyramid's geometry.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> limestone <hl> blocks were taken from a quarry near the build site.", "paragraph_id": "5d675f612b22cd4dfcfbf8f9"}
{"question": "What decade did organizations arise?", "paragraph": "The game developed at first without an organizing body. A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. Several tournaments, such as at the Banff Winter Carnival, were held in the early 20th Century and numerous women's teams such as the Seattle Vamps and Vancouver Amazons existed. Organizations started to develop in the 1920s, such as the  Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. Starting in the 1960s, the game spread to universities. Today, the game is played from youth through adult leagues, and in the universities of North America and internationally. There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "answer": "1920s", "sentence": "Organizations started to develop in the 1920s , such as the  Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association.", "paragraph_sentence": "The game developed at first without an organizing body. A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. Several tournaments, such as at the Banff Winter Carnival, were held in the early 20th Century and numerous women's teams such as the Seattle Vamps and Vancouver Amazons existed. <hl> Organizations started to develop in the 1920s , such as the Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. <hl> Starting in the 1960s, the game spread to universities. Today, the game is played from youth through adult leagues, and in the universities of North America and internationally. There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "paragraph_answer": "The game developed at first without an organizing body. A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. Several tournaments, such as at the Banff Winter Carnival, were held in the early 20th Century and numerous women's teams such as the Seattle Vamps and Vancouver Amazons existed. Organizations started to develop in the <hl> 1920s <hl>, such as the Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. Starting in the 1960s, the game spread to universities. Today, the game is played from youth through adult leagues, and in the universities of North America and internationally. There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "sentence_answer": "Organizations started to develop in the <hl> 1920s <hl> , such as the Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association.", "paragraph_id": "5d6691c32b22cd4dfcfbe298"}
{"question": "In what year did the Partisans defeated the Armed Forces?", "paragraph": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "answer": "In 1945", "sentence": "In 1945 , the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1945 , the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. <hl> The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> In 1945 <hl>, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In 1945 <hl> , the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb522b22cd4dfcfc00d2"}
{"question": "What is the name of the islands the trust territory was partially divided into?", "paragraph": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "answer": "Northern Mariana Islands", "sentence": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands , listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. <hl> The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands , listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the <hl> Northern Mariana Islands <hl>, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "sentence_answer": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the <hl> Northern Mariana Islands <hl> , listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_id": "5d6771862b22cd4dfcfbfbee"}
{"question": "In which year Human Rights Watch declared California's emancipated teenagers homeless?", "paragraph": "According to the Stewart B. McKinney Act, 42 U.S.C. \u00a7 11301, et seq. (1994), a person is considered homeless if he or she \"lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence and ... has a primary nighttime residency that is: (A) a supervised publicly or privately operated shelter designed to provide temporary living accommodations... (B) an institution that provides a temporary residence for individuals intended to be institutionalized, or (C) a public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings.\" Human Rights Watch (2010) identified emancipated teenagers in California as a new homeless population.", "answer": "2010", "sentence": "Human Rights Watch ( 2010 ) identified emancipated teenagers in California as a new homeless population.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to the Stewart B. McKinney Act, 42 U.S.C. \u00a7 11301, et seq. (1994), a person is considered homeless if he or she \"lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence and ... has a primary nighttime residency that is: (A) a supervised publicly or privately operated shelter designed to provide temporary living accommodations... (B) an institution that provides a temporary residence for individuals intended to be institutionalized, or (C) a public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings.\" <hl> Human Rights Watch ( 2010 ) identified emancipated teenagers in California as a new homeless population. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "According to the Stewart B. McKinney Act, 42 U.S.C. \u00a7 11301, et seq. (1994), a person is considered homeless if he or she \"lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence and ... has a primary nighttime residency that is: (A) a supervised publicly or privately operated shelter designed to provide temporary living accommodations... (B) an institution that provides a temporary residence for individuals intended to be institutionalized, or (C) a public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings.\" Human Rights Watch (<hl> 2010 <hl>) identified emancipated teenagers in California as a new homeless population.", "sentence_answer": "Human Rights Watch ( <hl> 2010 <hl> ) identified emancipated teenagers in California as a new homeless population.", "paragraph_id": "5d6611502b22cd4dfcfbd78a"}
{"question": "How is a relation defined?", "paragraph": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "answer": "a set of ordered pairs", "sentence": "A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique.", "paragraph_sentence": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. <hl> A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. <hl> However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "paragraph_answer": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. A relation from X to Y is <hl> a set of ordered pairs <hl> (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "sentence_answer": "A relation from X to Y is <hl> a set of ordered pairs <hl> (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique.", "paragraph_id": "5d66be882b22cd4dfcfbe497"}
{"question": "Which denomination of Christians were least effected by the Great Awakening?", "paragraph": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations. It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in New England that challenged established authority. It incited rancor and division between the new revivalists and the old traditionalists who insisted on ritual and doctrine. The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers.", "answer": "Anglicans and Quakers", "sentence": "The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations. It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in New England that challenged established authority. It incited rancor and division between the new revivalists and the old traditionalists who insisted on ritual and doctrine. <hl> The Awakening had little impact on Anglicans and Quakers . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Awakening had a major impact in reshaping the Congregational, Presbyterian, Dutch Reformed, and German Reformed denominations, and it strengthened the small Baptist and Methodist denominations. It brought Christianity to the slaves and was an apocalyptic event in New England that challenged established authority. It incited rancor and division between the new revivalists and the old traditionalists who insisted on ritual and doctrine. The Awakening had little impact on <hl> Anglicans and Quakers <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The Awakening had little impact on <hl> Anglicans and Quakers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d668cf72b22cd4dfcfbe231"}
{"question": "What was the address of the Bowery Mission when first established?", "paragraph": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon.\nAn examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\"  An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "answer": "36 Bowery", "sentence": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery , a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery , a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon. <hl> An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "paragraph_answer": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at <hl> 36 Bowery <hl>, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon. An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "sentence_answer": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at <hl> 36 Bowery <hl> , a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon.", "paragraph_id": "5d660b782b22cd4dfcfbd6be"}
{"question": "What level of rarity would be assigned to a 1 in 100 storm?", "paragraph": "The likelihood or probability of an event with a specified intensity and duration, is called the return period or frequency. The intensity of a storm can be predicted for any return period and storm duration, from charts based on historic data for the location.  The term 1 in 10 year storm describes a rainfall event which is rare and is only likely to occur once every 10 years, so it has a 10 percent likelihood any given year. The rainfall will be greater and the flooding will be worse than the worst storm expected in any single year.  The term 1 in 100 year storm describes a rainfall event which is extremely rare and which will occur with a likelihood of only once in a century, so has a 1 percent likelihood in any given year. The rainfall will be extreme and flooding to be worse than a 1 in 10 year event.  As with all probability events, it is possible though unlikely to have two \"1 in 100 Year Storms\" in a single year.", "answer": "extremely rare", "sentence": " The term 1 in 100 year storm describes a rainfall event which is extremely rare and which will occur with a likelihood of only once in a century, so has a 1 percent likelihood in any given year.", "paragraph_sentence": "The likelihood or probability of an event with a specified intensity and duration, is called the return period or frequency. The intensity of a storm can be predicted for any return period and storm duration, from charts based on historic data for the location. The term 1 in 10 year storm describes a rainfall event which is rare and is only likely to occur once every 10 years, so it has a 10 percent likelihood any given year. The rainfall will be greater and the flooding will be worse than the worst storm expected in any single year. <hl> The term 1 in 100 year storm describes a rainfall event which is extremely rare and which will occur with a likelihood of only once in a century, so has a 1 percent likelihood in any given year. <hl> The rainfall will be extreme and flooding to be worse than a 1 in 10 year event. As with all probability events, it is possible though unlikely to have two \"1 in 100 Year Storms\" in a single year.", "paragraph_answer": "The likelihood or probability of an event with a specified intensity and duration, is called the return period or frequency. The intensity of a storm can be predicted for any return period and storm duration, from charts based on historic data for the location. The term 1 in 10 year storm describes a rainfall event which is rare and is only likely to occur once every 10 years, so it has a 10 percent likelihood any given year. The rainfall will be greater and the flooding will be worse than the worst storm expected in any single year. The term 1 in 100 year storm describes a rainfall event which is <hl> extremely rare <hl> and which will occur with a likelihood of only once in a century, so has a 1 percent likelihood in any given year. The rainfall will be extreme and flooding to be worse than a 1 in 10 year event. As with all probability events, it is possible though unlikely to have two \"1 in 100 Year Storms\" in a single year.", "sentence_answer": " The term 1 in 100 year storm describes a rainfall event which is <hl> extremely rare <hl> and which will occur with a likelihood of only once in a century, so has a 1 percent likelihood in any given year.", "paragraph_id": "5d677bb02b22cd4dfcfbfd26"}
{"question": "How is American Telephone and Telegraph Company abbreviated?", "paragraph": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "answer": "AT&T", "sentence": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T ).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T ). <hl> Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "paragraph_answer": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 <hl> AT&T <hl>). Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "sentence_answer": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 <hl> AT&T <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d65b7e32b22cd4dfcfbcb2e"}
{"question": "What instead does morality refer to?", "paragraph": "In its descriptive sense, \"morality\" refers to personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores. It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but only refers to that which is considered right or wrong. Descriptive ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "answer": "only refers to that which is considered right or wrong", "sentence": "It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but only refers to that which is considered right or wrong .", "paragraph_sentence": "In its descriptive sense, \"morality\" refers to personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores. <hl> It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but only refers to that which is considered right or wrong . <hl> Descriptive ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "paragraph_answer": "In its descriptive sense, \"morality\" refers to personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores. It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but <hl> only refers to that which is considered right or wrong <hl>. Descriptive ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "sentence_answer": "It does not connote objective claims of right or wrong, but <hl> only refers to that which is considered right or wrong <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67e5d82b22cd4dfcfc03de"}
{"question": "Why did English do well in settling in the New World?", "paragraph": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially,  matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625.  From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "answer": "English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government", "sentence": "However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support.", "paragraph_sentence": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. <hl> However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. <hl> Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625. From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "paragraph_answer": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, <hl> English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government <hl> support. Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625. From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "sentence_answer": "However, <hl> English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government <hl> support.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674e82b22cd4dfcfbdfb8"}
{"question": "What groups first adopted the saxophone?", "paragraph": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "answer": "French and Belgian military bands", "sentence": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. <hl> Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. <hl> Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, <hl> French and Belgian military bands <hl> took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, <hl> French and Belgian military bands <hl> took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6721e52b22cd4dfcfbf00a"}
{"question": "For which industry is the Dodd- Frank act significant ?", "paragraph": "In 2010, Congress passed the Dodd\u2013Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act which is touted by some as the most sweeping financial regulation overhaul since the Great Depression.  The Dodd-Frank Act has significant implications for the insurance industry.  Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury.  The FIO is authorized to monitor all aspects of the insurance industry and identify any gaps in the state-based regulatory system.  The Dodd-Frank Act also establishes the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), which is charged with monitoring the financial services markets, including the insurance industry, to identify potential risks to the financial stability of the United States.", "answer": "for the insurance industry.", "sentence": " The Dodd-Frank Act has significant implications for the insurance industry.  Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2010, Congress passed the Dodd\u2013Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act which is touted by some as the most sweeping financial regulation overhaul since the Great Depression. <hl> The Dodd-Frank Act has significant implications for the insurance industry. Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury. <hl> The FIO is authorized to monitor all aspects of the insurance industry and identify any gaps in the state-based regulatory system. The Dodd-Frank Act also establishes the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), which is charged with monitoring the financial services markets, including the insurance industry, to identify potential risks to the financial stability of the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2010, Congress passed the Dodd\u2013Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act which is touted by some as the most sweeping financial regulation overhaul since the Great Depression. The Dodd-Frank Act has significant implications <hl> for the insurance industry. <hl> Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury. The FIO is authorized to monitor all aspects of the insurance industry and identify any gaps in the state-based regulatory system. The Dodd-Frank Act also establishes the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), which is charged with monitoring the financial services markets, including the insurance industry, to identify potential risks to the financial stability of the United States.", "sentence_answer": " The Dodd-Frank Act has significant implications <hl> for the insurance industry. <hl> Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury.", "paragraph_id": "5d6626fc2b22cd4dfcfbda25"}
{"question": "Who disagreed with Karapetyan in an editorial?", "paragraph": "In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan, the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\". A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism. Although Asoghik did not back down. In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "answer": "Aram Abrahamyan", "sentence": "In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "paragraph_sentence": "In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan, the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\". A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism. Although Asoghik did not back down. <hl> In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan, the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\". A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism. Although Asoghik did not back down. In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily <hl> Aram Abrahamyan <hl> suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "sentence_answer": "In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily <hl> Aram Abrahamyan <hl> suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "paragraph_id": "5d65801b2b22cd4dfcfbc9ca"}
{"question": "What is a subset of the Cartesian product X x Y?", "paragraph": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "answer": "function f from X to Y", "sentence": "A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A function f from X to Y is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. <hl> In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "paragraph_answer": "A <hl> function f from X to Y <hl> is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset. In other words, for every x in X there is exactly one element y such that the ordered pair (x, y) is contained in the subset defining the function f. This formal definition is a precise rendition of the idea that to each x is associated an element y of Y, namely the uniquely specified element y with the property just mentioned.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> function f from X to Y <hl> is a subset of the Cartesian product X \u00d7 Y subject to the following condition: every element of X is the first component of one and only one ordered pair in the subset.", "paragraph_id": "5d6614b02b22cd4dfcfbd7e2"}
{"question": "Are common nouns capitalized in English?", "paragraph": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction. Enforcing the latter, most professional editors case-fold such expansions to their standard orthography when editing manuscripts for publication. The justification is that (1) readers are smart enough to figure out where the letters came from, even without their being capitalized for emphasis, and that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography. By the same expectation (point 1), bold or italic font for the letters is considered equally unnecessary. For example,", "answer": "common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography", "sentence": "that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography .", "paragraph_sentence": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction. Enforcing the latter, most professional editors case-fold such expansions to their standard orthography when editing manuscripts for publication. The justification is that (1) readers are smart enough to figure out where the letters came from, even without their being capitalized for emphasis, and <hl> that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography . <hl> By the same expectation (point 1), bold or italic font for the letters is considered equally unnecessary. For example,", "paragraph_answer": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction. Enforcing the latter, most professional editors case-fold such expansions to their standard orthography when editing manuscripts for publication. The justification is that (1) readers are smart enough to figure out where the letters came from, even without their being capitalized for emphasis, and that (2) <hl> common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography <hl>. By the same expectation (point 1), bold or italic font for the letters is considered equally unnecessary. For example,", "sentence_answer": "that (2) <hl> common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65a8de2b22cd4dfcfbcadd"}
{"question": "What does the term \"de\" refer to?", "paragraph": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "answer": "meaning they belong to their husbands", "sentence": "Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. <hl> Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as <hl> meaning they belong to their husbands <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as <hl> meaning they belong to their husbands <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67bde92b22cd4dfcfc011f"}
{"question": "What's the name of the list of the best-selling books in Britain?", "paragraph": "The paper publishes The Sunday Times Rich List, an annual survey of the wealthiest people in Britain and Ireland, equivalent to the Forbes 400 list in the United States, and a series of league tables with reviews of private British companies, in particular the The Sunday Times Fast Track 100. The paper also produces an annual league table of the best-performing state and independent schools at both junior and senior level across the United Kingdom, entitled Parent Power (with additional information available online), and an annual league table of British universities and a similar one for Irish universities. It publishes The Sunday Times Bestseller List of best-selling books in Britain, and a list of the \"100 Best Companies to Work For\", focusing on UK companies. It also organises The Sunday Times Oxford Literary Festival, held annually, and The Sunday Times Festival of Education, which takes place every year at Wellington College.[citation needed]", "answer": "The Sunday Times Bestseller List", "sentence": "It publishes The Sunday Times Bestseller List of best-selling books in Britain, and a list of the \"100 Best Companies to Work For\", focusing on UK companies.", "paragraph_sentence": "The paper publishes The Sunday Times Rich List, an annual survey of the wealthiest people in Britain and Ireland, equivalent to the Forbes 400 list in the United States, and a series of league tables with reviews of private British companies, in particular the The Sunday Times Fast Track 100. The paper also produces an annual league table of the best-performing state and independent schools at both junior and senior level across the United Kingdom, entitled Parent Power (with additional information available online), and an annual league table of British universities and a similar one for Irish universities. <hl> It publishes The Sunday Times Bestseller List of best-selling books in Britain, and a list of the \"100 Best Companies to Work For\", focusing on UK companies. <hl> It also organises The Sunday Times Oxford Literary Festival, held annually, and The Sunday Times Festival of Education, which takes place every year at Wellington College.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The paper publishes The Sunday Times Rich List, an annual survey of the wealthiest people in Britain and Ireland, equivalent to the Forbes 400 list in the United States, and a series of league tables with reviews of private British companies, in particular the The Sunday Times Fast Track 100. The paper also produces an annual league table of the best-performing state and independent schools at both junior and senior level across the United Kingdom, entitled Parent Power (with additional information available online), and an annual league table of British universities and a similar one for Irish universities. It publishes <hl> The Sunday Times Bestseller List <hl> of best-selling books in Britain, and a list of the \"100 Best Companies to Work For\", focusing on UK companies. It also organises The Sunday Times Oxford Literary Festival, held annually, and The Sunday Times Festival of Education, which takes place every year at Wellington College.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "It publishes <hl> The Sunday Times Bestseller List <hl> of best-selling books in Britain, and a list of the \"100 Best Companies to Work For\", focusing on UK companies.", "paragraph_id": "5d682acc2b22cd4dfcfc0627"}
{"question": "What was the goal of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania?", "paragraph": "At the First Council of Dvin in 506 the synod of the Armenian, Georgian, and Caucasian Albanian bishops were assembled during the reign of Catholicos Babken I. The participation of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania were set to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon. The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that 20 bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council. The involvement in the council discussion of different level of lay persons seemed to be a general rule in Armenia.", "answer": "to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon.", "sentence": "The participation of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania were set to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon. The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that 20 bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the First Council of Dvin in 506 the synod of the Armenian, Georgian, and Caucasian Albanian bishops were assembled during the reign of Catholicos Babken I. <hl> The participation of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania were set to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon. The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that 20 bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council. <hl> The involvement in the council discussion of different level of lay persons seemed to be a general rule in Armenia.", "paragraph_answer": "At the First Council of Dvin in 506 the synod of the Armenian, Georgian, and Caucasian Albanian bishops were assembled during the reign of Catholicos Babken I. The participation of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania were set <hl> to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon. <hl> The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that 20 bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council. The involvement in the council discussion of different level of lay persons seemed to be a general rule in Armenia.", "sentence_answer": "The participation of the Catholicoi of Georgia and Albania were set <hl> to make clear the position of the churches concerning the Council of Chalcedon. <hl> The \"Book of Epistles\" mentions that 20 bishops, 14 laymen, and many nakharars (rulers of Armenia) participated in the council.", "paragraph_id": "5d6576fc2b22cd4dfcfbc924"}
{"question": "What year was Windows XP 64-bit Edition released?", "paragraph": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "answer": "2005", "sentence": "Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005 , is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. <hl> Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005 , is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. <hl> Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in <hl> 2005 <hl>, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "sentence_answer": "Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in <hl> 2005 <hl> , is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium.", "paragraph_id": "5d67aa7b2b22cd4dfcfbff6b"}
{"question": "What borders the Andes to the east?", "paragraph": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "answer": "several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco,", "sentence": "To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. <hl> To the east, the Andes range is bounded by several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. <hl> In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes are a Mesozoic\u2013Tertiary orogenic belt of mountains along the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of volcanic activity that encompasses the Pacific rim of the Americas as well as the Asia-Pacific region. The Andes are the result of plate tectonics processes, caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath the South American plate. The main cause of the rise of the Andes is the compression of the western rim of the South American Plate due to the subduction of the Nazca Plate and the Antarctic Plate. To the east, the Andes range is bounded by <hl> several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, <hl> that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America. In the south, the Andes share a long boundary with the former Patagonia Terrane. To the west, the Andes end at the Pacific Ocean, although the Peru-Chile trench can be considered their ultimate western limit. From a geographical approach, the Andes are considered to have their western boundaries marked by the appearance of coastal lowlands and a less rugged topography. The Andes Mountains also contain large quantities of iron ore located in many mountains within the range.", "sentence_answer": "To the east, the Andes range is bounded by <hl> several sedimentary basins, such as Orinoco, Amazon Basin, Madre de Dios and Gran Chaco, <hl> that separate the Andes from the ancient cratons in eastern South America.", "paragraph_id": "5d6597ed2b22cd4dfcfbca4e"}
{"question": "When was the last time the Baltic has frozen over?", "paragraph": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "answer": "1987", "sentence": "The most recent case was in early 1987 , which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. <hl> The most recent case was in early 1987 , which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. <hl> The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "paragraph_answer": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early <hl> 1987 <hl>, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "sentence_answer": "The most recent case was in early <hl> 1987 <hl> , which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date.", "paragraph_id": "5d661af52b22cd4dfcfbd8d5"}
{"question": "What order for listing parents last name is common?", "paragraph": "Children typically use their fathers' last names only. Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "answer": "father then mother", "sentence": "Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "paragraph_sentence": "Children typically use their fathers' last names only. <hl> Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional father then mother order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Children typically use their fathers' last names only. Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional <hl> father then mother <hl> order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "sentence_answer": "Some state offices have started to use both last names, in the traditional <hl> father then mother <hl> order, to reduce the risk of a person being mistaken for others using the same name combinations, e.g. if Eva Duarte and Juan Per\u00f3n had a child named Juan, he might be misidentified if he were called Juan Per\u00f3n, but not if he was known as Juan Per\u00f3n Duarte.", "paragraph_id": "5d675c4e2b22cd4dfcfbf871"}
{"question": "Realist ideology is shown in what regarding George W. Bush?", "paragraph": "Some in the Republican Party support unilateralism on issues of national security, believing in the ability and right of the United States to act without external support in matters of its national defense. In general, Republican thinking on defense and international relations is heavily influenced by the theories of neorealism and realism, characterizing conflicts between nations as struggles between faceless forces of international structure, as opposed to being the result of the ideas and actions of individual leaders. The realist school's influence shows in Reagan's Evil Empire stance on the Soviet Union and George W. Bush's Axis of evil.", "answer": "Axis of evil", "sentence": "The realist school's influence shows in Reagan's Evil Empire stance on the Soviet Union and George W. Bush's Axis of evil .", "paragraph_sentence": "Some in the Republican Party support unilateralism on issues of national security, believing in the ability and right of the United States to act without external support in matters of its national defense. In general, Republican thinking on defense and international relations is heavily influenced by the theories of neorealism and realism, characterizing conflicts between nations as struggles between faceless forces of international structure, as opposed to being the result of the ideas and actions of individual leaders. <hl> The realist school's influence shows in Reagan's Evil Empire stance on the Soviet Union and George W. Bush's Axis of evil . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some in the Republican Party support unilateralism on issues of national security, believing in the ability and right of the United States to act without external support in matters of its national defense. In general, Republican thinking on defense and international relations is heavily influenced by the theories of neorealism and realism, characterizing conflicts between nations as struggles between faceless forces of international structure, as opposed to being the result of the ideas and actions of individual leaders. The realist school's influence shows in Reagan's Evil Empire stance on the Soviet Union and George W. Bush's <hl> Axis of evil <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The realist school's influence shows in Reagan's Evil Empire stance on the Soviet Union and George W. Bush's <hl> Axis of evil <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6746552b22cd4dfcfbf4b1"}
{"question": "What grade does Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begin at?", "paragraph": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "answer": "fourth grade", "sentence": "Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade , providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French.", "paragraph_sentence": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. <hl> Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade , providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. <hl> Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "paragraph_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the <hl> fourth grade <hl>, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "sentence_answer": "Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the <hl> fourth grade <hl> , providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8722b22cd4dfcfbd47f"}
{"question": "What language are the paternal and maternal surnames combined using y?", "paragraph": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in Catalan), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "answer": "Spanish", "sentence": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y ( Spanish ) or i (in Catalan), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y ( Spanish ) or i (in Catalan), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (<hl> Spanish <hl>) or i (in Catalan), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "sentence_answer": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y ( <hl> Spanish <hl> ) or i (in Catalan), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "paragraph_id": "5d672cd82b22cd4dfcfbf1a7"}
{"question": "When did Somalia became Marxist-Leninist state?", "paragraph": "A new front of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution erupted in Africa, with revolutions in Benin, the Republic of the Congo, and Somalia; Marxist\u2013Leninist liberation fronts in Angola and Mozambique revolting against Portuguese colonial rule; the overthrow of Haile Selassie and the creation of the Derg communist military junta in Ethiopia; blacks led by Robert Mugabe in Rhodesia revolting against white-minority rule there. Angola, Benin, the Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Somalia and Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) all became Marxist\u2013Leninist states between 1969 and 1980. Focus on apartheid white minority rule in South Africa brought tensions between East and West, the Soviet Union officially supported the overthrow of apartheid while the West and the US in particular maintained official neutrality on the matter. The Western position became precarious and condemned after the Soweto uprising in 1976 and the killing of black South African rights activist Steve Biko in 1977. Under US President Jimmy Carter, the West joined the Soviet Union and others in enacting sanctions against weapons trade and weapons-grade material to South Africa. However forceful actions by the US against apartheid South Africa were diminished under US President Ronald Reagan, as the Reagan administration feared the rise of communist revolution in South Africa as had happened in Zimbabwe against white minority rule.", "answer": "1969 and 1980", "sentence": "Angola, Benin, the Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Somalia and Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) all became Marxist\u2013Leninist states between 1969 and 1980 .", "paragraph_sentence": "A new front of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution erupted in Africa, with revolutions in Benin, the Republic of the Congo, and Somalia; Marxist\u2013Leninist liberation fronts in Angola and Mozambique revolting against Portuguese colonial rule; the overthrow of Haile Selassie and the creation of the Derg communist military junta in Ethiopia; blacks led by Robert Mugabe in Rhodesia revolting against white-minority rule there. <hl> Angola, Benin, the Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Somalia and Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) all became Marxist\u2013Leninist states between 1969 and 1980 . <hl> Focus on apartheid white minority rule in South Africa brought tensions between East and West, the Soviet Union officially supported the overthrow of apartheid while the West and the US in particular maintained official neutrality on the matter. The Western position became precarious and condemned after the Soweto uprising in 1976 and the killing of black South African rights activist Steve Biko in 1977. Under US President Jimmy Carter, the West joined the Soviet Union and others in enacting sanctions against weapons trade and weapons-grade material to South Africa. However forceful actions by the US against apartheid South Africa were diminished under US President Ronald Reagan, as the Reagan administration feared the rise of communist revolution in South Africa as had happened in Zimbabwe against white minority rule.", "paragraph_answer": "A new front of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution erupted in Africa, with revolutions in Benin, the Republic of the Congo, and Somalia; Marxist\u2013Leninist liberation fronts in Angola and Mozambique revolting against Portuguese colonial rule; the overthrow of Haile Selassie and the creation of the Derg communist military junta in Ethiopia; blacks led by Robert Mugabe in Rhodesia revolting against white-minority rule there. Angola, Benin, the Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Somalia and Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) all became Marxist\u2013Leninist states between <hl> 1969 and 1980 <hl>. Focus on apartheid white minority rule in South Africa brought tensions between East and West, the Soviet Union officially supported the overthrow of apartheid while the West and the US in particular maintained official neutrality on the matter. The Western position became precarious and condemned after the Soweto uprising in 1976 and the killing of black South African rights activist Steve Biko in 1977. Under US President Jimmy Carter, the West joined the Soviet Union and others in enacting sanctions against weapons trade and weapons-grade material to South Africa. However forceful actions by the US against apartheid South Africa were diminished under US President Ronald Reagan, as the Reagan administration feared the rise of communist revolution in South Africa as had happened in Zimbabwe against white minority rule.", "sentence_answer": "Angola, Benin, the Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Somalia and Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) all became Marxist\u2013Leninist states between <hl> 1969 and 1980 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8a92b22cd4dfcfc005b"}
{"question": "What type of compound is tetraflouride?", "paragraph": "Halide compounds are known for both oxidation states. For Sn(IV), all four halides are well known: SnF4, SnCl4, SnBr4, and SnI4. The three heavier members are volatile molecular compounds, whereas the tetrafluoride is polymeric. All four halides are known for Sn(II) also: SnF2, SnCl2, SnBr2, and SnI2. All are polymeric solids. Of these eight compounds, only the iodides are colored.", "answer": "polymeric", "sentence": "The three heavier members are volatile molecular compounds, whereas the tetrafluoride is polymeric .", "paragraph_sentence": "Halide compounds are known for both oxidation states. For Sn(IV), all four halides are well known: SnF4, SnCl4, SnBr4, and SnI4. <hl> The three heavier members are volatile molecular compounds, whereas the tetrafluoride is polymeric . <hl> All four halides are known for Sn(II) also: SnF2, SnCl2, SnBr2, and SnI2. All are polymeric solids. Of these eight compounds, only the iodides are colored.", "paragraph_answer": "Halide compounds are known for both oxidation states. For Sn(IV), all four halides are well known: SnF4, SnCl4, SnBr4, and SnI4. The three heavier members are volatile molecular compounds, whereas the tetrafluoride is <hl> polymeric <hl>. All four halides are known for Sn(II) also: SnF2, SnCl2, SnBr2, and SnI2. All are polymeric solids. Of these eight compounds, only the iodides are colored.", "sentence_answer": "The three heavier members are volatile molecular compounds, whereas the tetrafluoride is <hl> polymeric <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6700022b22cd4dfcfbe9d8"}
{"question": "What is the title of a doctor who specializes in a field like surgery or pediatrics?", "paragraph": "After at least six years of medical school, the students graduate with a final federal medical exam (Zweiter Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung). Graduates receive their license to practice medicine and the professional title of physician (Arzt). The academic degree Doctor of Medicine (Dr. med.) is technically a research doctorate degree, though it is roughly equivalent to a master's degree in Anglo-Saxon countries. It is awarded if the graduate has, in addition, successfully completed a scientific study and dissertation. Many medical students opt to perform their thesis during their studies at medical school, but are only allowed to finish the dissertation process after their studies.\nIf physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming Facharzt (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.).", "answer": "Facharzt", "sentence": "If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming Facharzt (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.).", "paragraph_sentence": "After at least six years of medical school, the students graduate with a final federal medical exam (Zweiter Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung). Graduates receive their license to practice medicine and the professional title of physician (Arzt). The academic degree Doctor of Medicine (Dr. med.) is technically a research doctorate degree, though it is roughly equivalent to a master's degree in Anglo-Saxon countries. It is awarded if the graduate has, in addition, successfully completed a scientific study and dissertation. Many medical students opt to perform their thesis during their studies at medical school, but are only allowed to finish the dissertation process after their studies. <hl> If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming Facharzt (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "After at least six years of medical school, the students graduate with a final federal medical exam (Zweiter Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung). Graduates receive their license to practice medicine and the professional title of physician (Arzt). The academic degree Doctor of Medicine (Dr. med.) is technically a research doctorate degree, though it is roughly equivalent to a master's degree in Anglo-Saxon countries. It is awarded if the graduate has, in addition, successfully completed a scientific study and dissertation. Many medical students opt to perform their thesis during their studies at medical school, but are only allowed to finish the dissertation process after their studies. If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming <hl> Facharzt <hl> (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.).", "sentence_answer": "If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming <hl> Facharzt <hl> (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.).", "paragraph_id": "5d65d9e82b22cd4dfcfbcf10"}
{"question": "What do the signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate?", "paragraph": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and  R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and  R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature  is infinity.", "answer": "whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave", "sentence": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave . <hl> The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "paragraph_answer": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate <hl> whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave <hl>. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "sentence_answer": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate <hl> whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d678c972b22cd4dfcfbfe46"}
{"question": "Where is it common to have surname in western cultures?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "placed after the personal or given name", "sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\").", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). <hl> In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is <hl> placed after the personal or given name <hl> (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "sentence_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is <hl> placed after the personal or given name <hl> (\"first name\").", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1142b22cd4dfcfc0474"}
{"question": "What is the lowest point at the crest near Lake Tahoe in terms of feet?", "paragraph": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "answer": "9,000 feet (2,700 m)", "sentence": "Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m) .", "paragraph_sentence": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. <hl> Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m) . <hl> The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than <hl> 9,000 feet (2,700 m) <hl>. The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "sentence_answer": "Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than <hl> 9,000 feet (2,700 m) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66effc2b22cd4dfcfbe62c"}
{"question": "In what two editions was Windows XP marketed in?", "paragraph": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "answer": "Home and Professional", "sentence": "Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications).", "paragraph_sentence": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. <hl> Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). <hl> Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. <hl> Home and Professional <hl> were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Home and Professional <hl> were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications).", "paragraph_id": "5d6715792b22cd4dfcfbee8a"}
{"question": "At what university did Francis O. Schmitt establish a Biology Department?", "paragraph": "During the 20th century, neuroscience began to be recognized as a distinct academic discipline in its own right, rather than as studies of the nervous system within other disciplines. Eric Kandel and collaborators have cited David Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and Stephen Kuffler as having played critical roles in establishing the field. Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, starting in the 1950s. During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. Kuffler started the Department of Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School in 1966, the first such freestanding department.", "answer": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "sentence": "During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics.", "paragraph_sentence": "During the 20th century, neuroscience began to be recognized as a distinct academic discipline in its own right, rather than as studies of the nervous system within other disciplines. Eric Kandel and collaborators have cited David Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and Stephen Kuffler as having played critical roles in establishing the field. Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, starting in the 1950s. <hl> During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. <hl> Kuffler started the Department of Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School in 1966, the first such freestanding department.", "paragraph_answer": "During the 20th century, neuroscience began to be recognized as a distinct academic discipline in its own right, rather than as studies of the nervous system within other disciplines. Eric Kandel and collaborators have cited David Rioch, Francis O. Schmitt, and Stephen Kuffler as having played critical roles in establishing the field. Rioch originated the integration of basic anatomical and physiological research with clinical psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, starting in the 1950s. During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the <hl> Massachusetts Institute of Technology <hl>, bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. Kuffler started the Department of Neuroscience at Harvard Medical School in 1966, the first such freestanding department.", "sentence_answer": "During the same period, Schmitt established a neuroscience research program within the Biology Department at the <hl> Massachusetts Institute of Technology <hl> , bringing together biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics.", "paragraph_id": "5d670d6b2b22cd4dfcfbec5c"}
{"question": "When was Sarajevo tales by Partisans?", "paragraph": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "answer": "in early April", "sentence": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April , and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April , and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. <hl> The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo <hl> in early April <hl>, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo <hl> in early April <hl> , and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb522b22cd4dfcfc00d6"}
{"question": "Where can \"true compound surnames\" be found?", "paragraph": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries. These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds. For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "answer": "Spanish-speaking countries", "sentence": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the Spanish-speaking countries . <hl> These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds. For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_answer": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the <hl> Spanish-speaking countries <hl>. These true compound surnames are passed on and inherited as compounds. For instance, former Chairman of the Supreme Military Junta of Ecuador, General Luis Telmo Paz y Mi\u00f1o Estrella, has Luis as his first given name, Telmo as his middle name, the true compound surname Paz y Mi\u00f1o as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Estrella as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "Beyond this seemingly \"compound\" surname system in the Hispanic world, there are also true compound surnames in the <hl> Spanish-speaking countries <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6707542b22cd4dfcfbeb31"}
{"question": "Who did Patrick Manning criticize for for being too speculative?", "paragraph": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "answer": "estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed.", "sentence": "Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. <hl> Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, <hl> estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. <hl> Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "sentence_answer": "Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, <hl> estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. <hl> Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b632b22cd4dfcfbde74"}
{"question": "Is caste the most common reason for surname derivation?", "paragraph": "The largest variety of surnames is found in the states of Maharashtra and Goa, which numbers more than the rest of India together. Here surnames are placed last, the order being: the given name, followed by the father's name, followed by the family name. The majority of surnames are derived from the place where the family lived, with the 'ker' (Marathi) or 'Kar'(Konkani) suffix, for example, Mumbaiker, Puneker, Aurangabadker or Tendulkar, Parrikar, Mangeshkar, Mahendrakar.", "answer": "The majority of surnames are derived from the place where the family lived", "sentence": "The majority of surnames are derived from the place where the family lived , with the 'ker' (Marathi) or 'Kar'(Konkani) suffix, for example, Mumbaiker, Puneker, Aurangabadker or Tendulkar, Parrikar, Mangeshkar, Mahendrakar.", "paragraph_sentence": "The largest variety of surnames is found in the states of Maharashtra and Goa, which numbers more than the rest of India together. Here surnames are placed last, the order being: the given name, followed by the father's name, followed by the family name. <hl> The majority of surnames are derived from the place where the family lived , with the 'ker' (Marathi) or 'Kar'(Konkani) suffix, for example, Mumbaiker, Puneker, Aurangabadker or Tendulkar, Parrikar, Mangeshkar, Mahendrakar. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The largest variety of surnames is found in the states of Maharashtra and Goa, which numbers more than the rest of India together. Here surnames are placed last, the order being: the given name, followed by the father's name, followed by the family name. <hl> The majority of surnames are derived from the place where the family lived <hl>, with the 'ker' (Marathi) or 'Kar'(Konkani) suffix, for example, Mumbaiker, Puneker, Aurangabadker or Tendulkar, Parrikar, Mangeshkar, Mahendrakar.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The majority of surnames are derived from the place where the family lived <hl> , with the 'ker' (Marathi) or 'Kar'(Konkani) suffix, for example, Mumbaiker, Puneker, Aurangabadker or Tendulkar, Parrikar, Mangeshkar, Mahendrakar.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2df2b22cd4dfcfbe702"}
{"question": "what is a dry grassland known as?", "paragraph": "An oceanic (or maritime) climate is typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of all the world's continents, bordering cool oceans, as well as southeastern Australia, and is accompanied by plentiful precipitation year round.  The Mediterranean climate regime resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, parts of western North America, parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa and in parts of central Chile. The climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters.  A steppe is a dry grassland.  Subarctic climates are cold with continuous permafrost and little precipitation.", "answer": "steppe", "sentence": " A steppe is a dry grassland.", "paragraph_sentence": "An oceanic (or maritime) climate is typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of all the world's continents, bordering cool oceans, as well as southeastern Australia, and is accompanied by plentiful precipitation year round. The Mediterranean climate regime resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, parts of western North America, parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa and in parts of central Chile. The climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. <hl> A steppe is a dry grassland. <hl> Subarctic climates are cold with continuous permafrost and little precipitation.", "paragraph_answer": "An oceanic (or maritime) climate is typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of all the world's continents, bordering cool oceans, as well as southeastern Australia, and is accompanied by plentiful precipitation year round. The Mediterranean climate regime resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, parts of western North America, parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa and in parts of central Chile. The climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. A <hl> steppe <hl> is a dry grassland. Subarctic climates are cold with continuous permafrost and little precipitation.", "sentence_answer": " A <hl> steppe <hl> is a dry grassland.", "paragraph_id": "5d6718452b22cd4dfcfbef20"}
{"question": "How many acres is the University of Pittsburgh's main campus?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning, falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. The campus has been noted for its impressive architecture, and contains an eclectic mix of architecture that includes Greek revival, Neogothic, Italian Renaissance, and modern. It has been termed \"a theme park of replica buildings, representing the architecture of the past speaking to the present.\" The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from the Professional Grounds Management Society.", "answer": "132 urban acres", "sentence": "approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises <hl> approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. <hl> Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning, falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. The campus has been noted for its impressive architecture, and contains an eclectic mix of architecture that includes Greek revival, Neogothic, Italian Renaissance, and modern. It has been termed \"a theme park of replica buildings, representing the architecture of the past speaking to the present.\" The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from the Professional Grounds Management Society.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately <hl> 132 urban acres <hl> (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning, falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. The campus has been noted for its impressive architecture, and contains an eclectic mix of architecture that includes Greek revival, Neogothic, Italian Renaissance, and modern. It has been termed \"a theme park of replica buildings, representing the architecture of the past speaking to the present.\" The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from the Professional Grounds Management Society.", "sentence_answer": "approximately <hl> 132 urban acres <hl> (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood.", "paragraph_id": "5d6830212b22cd4dfcfc064c"}
{"question": "How many ways was the trust territory divided?", "paragraph": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "answer": "four", "sentence": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. <hl> The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into <hl> four <hl> political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "sentence_answer": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into <hl> four <hl> political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_id": "5d6771862b22cd4dfcfbfbed"}
{"question": "What can adversely affect economic growth?", "paragraph": "Income inequality, expressed by wage stagnation for middle- and lower-income families coupled with a shift in income growth to the top earners, can adversely affect economic growth, as wealthier families tend to save more. The quality or pay of the job matters, not just creating more jobs. The union movement has declined considerably, one factor contributing to more income inequality and off-shoring. Reinvigorating the labor movement could help create more higher-paying jobs, shifting some of the economic pie back to workers from owners. However, by raising employment costs, employers may choose to hire fewer workers.", "answer": "Income inequality", "sentence": "Income inequality , expressed by wage stagnation for middle- and lower-income families coupled with a shift in income growth to the top earners, can adversely affect economic growth, as wealthier families tend to save more.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Income inequality , expressed by wage stagnation for middle- and lower-income families coupled with a shift in income growth to the top earners, can adversely affect economic growth, as wealthier families tend to save more. <hl> The quality or pay of the job matters, not just creating more jobs. The union movement has declined considerably, one factor contributing to more income inequality and off-shoring. Reinvigorating the labor movement could help create more higher-paying jobs, shifting some of the economic pie back to workers from owners. However, by raising employment costs, employers may choose to hire fewer workers.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Income inequality <hl>, expressed by wage stagnation for middle- and lower-income families coupled with a shift in income growth to the top earners, can adversely affect economic growth, as wealthier families tend to save more. The quality or pay of the job matters, not just creating more jobs. The union movement has declined considerably, one factor contributing to more income inequality and off-shoring. Reinvigorating the labor movement could help create more higher-paying jobs, shifting some of the economic pie back to workers from owners. However, by raising employment costs, employers may choose to hire fewer workers.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Income inequality <hl> , expressed by wage stagnation for middle- and lower-income families coupled with a shift in income growth to the top earners, can adversely affect economic growth, as wealthier families tend to save more.", "paragraph_id": "5d674a7d2b22cd4dfcfbf542"}
{"question": "What time of year is Kauai most prone to rain storms?", "paragraph": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in).  Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March.  Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains.  Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "answer": "between October and March", "sentence": " Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in). <hl> Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March . <hl> Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains. Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "paragraph_answer": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in). Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains <hl> between October and March <hl>. Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains. Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "sentence_answer": " Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains <hl> between October and March <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef7c2b22cd4dfcfbe5fd"}
{"question": "What are smaller drop masses called?", "paragraph": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration.  Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops.  The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "answer": "cloud droplets", "sentence": "Smaller drops are called cloud droplets , and their shape is spherical.", "paragraph_sentence": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. <hl> Smaller drops are called cloud droplets , and their shape is spherical. <hl> As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "paragraph_answer": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called <hl> cloud droplets <hl>, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "sentence_answer": "Smaller drops are called <hl> cloud droplets <hl> , and their shape is spherical.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d0ef2b22cd4dfcfc0296"}
{"question": "The Senator of which state change political partied due to conflict with President Bush?", "paragraph": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "answer": "Vermont", "sentence": "In Vermont , Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership.", "paragraph_sentence": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. <hl> In Vermont , Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. <hl> In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "paragraph_answer": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In <hl> Vermont <hl>, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> Vermont <hl> , Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership.", "paragraph_id": "5d6743c62b22cd4dfcfbf45a"}
{"question": "What kind of Parliament does Australia have?", "paragraph": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "answer": "bicameral", "sentence": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. <hl> The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "paragraph_answer": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the <hl> bicameral <hl> Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "sentence_answer": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the <hl> bicameral <hl> Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c4ef2b22cd4dfcfbcc66"}
{"question": "The winning team was awarded what?", "paragraph": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\" The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender.  In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "answer": "Carnival Cup", "sentence": "The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \" Carnival Cup .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. <hl> The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \" Carnival Cup .\" <hl> The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender. In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "paragraph_answer": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"<hl> Carnival Cup <hl>.\" The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender. In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "sentence_answer": "The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \" <hl> Carnival Cup <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6662892b22cd4dfcfbdd37"}
{"question": "What year of medical school is pharmacology studied?", "paragraph": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology.  The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "answer": "first two", "sentence": "In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology.", "paragraph_sentence": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. <hl> In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology. <hl> The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "paragraph_answer": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the <hl> first two <hl> master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology. The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "sentence_answer": "In general, the <hl> first two <hl> master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology.", "paragraph_id": "5d66941e2b22cd4dfcfbe2f5"}
{"question": "In what unlikely form were roads designed like?", "paragraph": "Following the model of Rome, the historic peninsula is said to be characterized by seven hills, each topped by imperial mosques. The easternmost of these hills is the site of Topkap\u0131 Palace on the Sarayburnu. Rising from the opposite side of the Golden Horn is another, conical hill, where the modern Beyo\u011flu district is situated. Because of the topography, buildings in Beyo\u011flu were once constructed with the help of terraced retaining walls, and roads were laid out in the form of steps. \u00dcsk\u00fcdar on the Asian side exhibits similarly hilly characteristics, with the terrain gradually extending down to the Bosphorus coast, but the landscape in \u015eemsipa\u015fa and Ayazma is more abrupt, akin to a promontory. The highest point in Istanbul is \u00c7aml\u0131ca Hill, with an altitude of 288 meters (945 ft). The northern half of Istanbul has a higher mean elevation compared to the south coast, with locations surpassing 200 meters (660 ft), and some coasts with steep cliffs resembling fjords, especially around the northern end of the Bosporus, where it opens up to the Black Sea.", "answer": "steps", "sentence": "Because of the topography, buildings in Beyo\u011flu were once constructed with the help of terraced retaining walls, and roads were laid out in the form of steps .", "paragraph_sentence": "Following the model of Rome, the historic peninsula is said to be characterized by seven hills, each topped by imperial mosques. The easternmost of these hills is the site of Topkap\u0131 Palace on the Sarayburnu. Rising from the opposite side of the Golden Horn is another, conical hill, where the modern Beyo\u011flu district is situated. <hl> Because of the topography, buildings in Beyo\u011flu were once constructed with the help of terraced retaining walls, and roads were laid out in the form of steps . <hl> \u00dcsk\u00fcdar on the Asian side exhibits similarly hilly characteristics, with the terrain gradually extending down to the Bosphorus coast, but the landscape in \u015eemsipa\u015fa and Ayazma is more abrupt, akin to a promontory. The highest point in Istanbul is \u00c7aml\u0131ca Hill, with an altitude of 288 meters (945 ft). The northern half of Istanbul has a higher mean elevation compared to the south coast, with locations surpassing 200 meters (660 ft), and some coasts with steep cliffs resembling fjords, especially around the northern end of the Bosporus, where it opens up to the Black Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "Following the model of Rome, the historic peninsula is said to be characterized by seven hills, each topped by imperial mosques. The easternmost of these hills is the site of Topkap\u0131 Palace on the Sarayburnu. Rising from the opposite side of the Golden Horn is another, conical hill, where the modern Beyo\u011flu district is situated. Because of the topography, buildings in Beyo\u011flu were once constructed with the help of terraced retaining walls, and roads were laid out in the form of <hl> steps <hl>. \u00dcsk\u00fcdar on the Asian side exhibits similarly hilly characteristics, with the terrain gradually extending down to the Bosphorus coast, but the landscape in \u015eemsipa\u015fa and Ayazma is more abrupt, akin to a promontory. The highest point in Istanbul is \u00c7aml\u0131ca Hill, with an altitude of 288 meters (945 ft). The northern half of Istanbul has a higher mean elevation compared to the south coast, with locations surpassing 200 meters (660 ft), and some coasts with steep cliffs resembling fjords, especially around the northern end of the Bosporus, where it opens up to the Black Sea.", "sentence_answer": "Because of the topography, buildings in Beyo\u011flu were once constructed with the help of terraced retaining walls, and roads were laid out in the form of <hl> steps <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65caf82b22cd4dfcfbcd75"}
{"question": "What helps offspring survive?", "paragraph": "On this view, moral codes are ultimately founded on emotional instincts and intuitions that were selected for in the past because they aided survival and reproduction (inclusive fitness). Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding.", "answer": "maternal bond", "sentence": "Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding.", "paragraph_sentence": "On this view, moral codes are ultimately founded on emotional instincts and intuitions that were selected for in the past because they aided survival and reproduction (inclusive fitness). <hl> Examples: the maternal bond is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On this view, moral codes are ultimately founded on emotional instincts and intuitions that were selected for in the past because they aided survival and reproduction (inclusive fitness). Examples: the <hl> maternal bond <hl> is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding.", "sentence_answer": "Examples: the <hl> maternal bond <hl> is selected for because it improves the survival of offspring; the Westermarck effect, where close proximity during early years reduces mutual sexual attraction, underpins taboos against incest because it decreases the likelihood of genetically risky behaviour such as inbreeding.", "paragraph_id": "5d675a412b22cd4dfcfbf807"}
{"question": "When did Soviet Union collapse?", "paragraph": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "answer": "1990 and 1991", "sentence": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991 , with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991 , with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. <hl> With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "paragraph_answer": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between <hl> 1990 and 1991 <hl>, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "sentence_answer": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between <hl> 1990 and 1991 <hl> , with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c2852b22cd4dfcfc0178"}
{"question": "How did the English government exact payment from early American colonists?", "paragraph": "Mercantilism was the basic policy imposed by Britain on its colonies from the 1660s. Mercantilism meant that the government and merchants based in England became partners with the goal of increasing political power and private wealth, to the exclusion of other empires and even merchants based in its own colonies. The government protected its London-based merchants\u2014and kept others out\u2014by trade barriers, regulations, and subsidies to domestic industries in order to maximize exports from and minimize imports to the realm. The government had to fight smuggling, especially by American merchants, some of whose activities (which included direct trade with the French, Spanish, Dutch, and Portuguese) were classified as such by the Navigation Acts. The goal of mercantilism was to run trade surpluses, so that gold and silver would pour into London. The government took its share through duties and taxes, with the remainder going to merchants in Britain. The government spent much of its revenue on a superb Royal Navy, which not only protected the British colonies but threatened the colonies of the other empires, and sometimes seized them. Thus the British Navy captured New Amsterdam (New York) in 1664. The colonies were captive markets for British industry, and the goal was to enrich the mother country.", "answer": "New Amsterdam (New York)", "sentence": "Thus the British Navy captured New Amsterdam (New York) in 1664.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mercantilism was the basic policy imposed by Britain on its colonies from the 1660s. Mercantilism meant that the government and merchants based in England became partners with the goal of increasing political power and private wealth, to the exclusion of other empires and even merchants based in its own colonies. The government protected its London-based merchants\u2014and kept others out\u2014by trade barriers, regulations, and subsidies to domestic industries in order to maximize exports from and minimize imports to the realm. The government had to fight smuggling, especially by American merchants, some of whose activities (which included direct trade with the French, Spanish, Dutch, and Portuguese) were classified as such by the Navigation Acts. The goal of mercantilism was to run trade surpluses, so that gold and silver would pour into London. The government took its share through duties and taxes, with the remainder going to merchants in Britain. The government spent much of its revenue on a superb Royal Navy, which not only protected the British colonies but threatened the colonies of the other empires, and sometimes seized them. <hl> Thus the British Navy captured New Amsterdam (New York) in 1664. <hl> The colonies were captive markets for British industry, and the goal was to enrich the mother country.", "paragraph_answer": "Mercantilism was the basic policy imposed by Britain on its colonies from the 1660s. Mercantilism meant that the government and merchants based in England became partners with the goal of increasing political power and private wealth, to the exclusion of other empires and even merchants based in its own colonies. The government protected its London-based merchants\u2014and kept others out\u2014by trade barriers, regulations, and subsidies to domestic industries in order to maximize exports from and minimize imports to the realm. The government had to fight smuggling, especially by American merchants, some of whose activities (which included direct trade with the French, Spanish, Dutch, and Portuguese) were classified as such by the Navigation Acts. The goal of mercantilism was to run trade surpluses, so that gold and silver would pour into London. The government took its share through duties and taxes, with the remainder going to merchants in Britain. The government spent much of its revenue on a superb Royal Navy, which not only protected the British colonies but threatened the colonies of the other empires, and sometimes seized them. Thus the British Navy captured <hl> New Amsterdam (New York) <hl> in 1664. The colonies were captive markets for British industry, and the goal was to enrich the mother country.", "sentence_answer": "Thus the British Navy captured <hl> New Amsterdam (New York) <hl> in 1664.", "paragraph_id": "5d6676442b22cd4dfcfbdff5"}
{"question": "Is there are clear time frame for the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed", "sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl>. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed90"}
{"question": "What percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation?", "paragraph": "In 2008 more than 66 percent of all sheltered homeless people were located in principal cities, with 32 percent located in suburban or rural jurisdictions. About 40 percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation (sheltered or unsheltered), 40 percent came from a housed situation (in their own or someone else's home), and the remaining 20 percent were split between institutional settings or other situations such as hotels or motels. Most people had relatively short lengths of stay in emergency shelters: 60 percent stayed less than a month, and a 33 percent stayed a week or less.", "answer": "40", "sentence": "About 40 percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation (sheltered or unsheltered), 40 percent came from a housed situation (in their own or someone else's home), and the remaining 20 percent were split between institutional settings or other situations such as hotels or motels.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2008 more than 66 percent of all sheltered homeless people were located in principal cities, with 32 percent located in suburban or rural jurisdictions. <hl> About 40 percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation (sheltered or unsheltered), 40 percent came from a housed situation (in their own or someone else's home), and the remaining 20 percent were split between institutional settings or other situations such as hotels or motels. <hl> Most people had relatively short lengths of stay in emergency shelters: 60 percent stayed less than a month, and a 33 percent stayed a week or less.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2008 more than 66 percent of all sheltered homeless people were located in principal cities, with 32 percent located in suburban or rural jurisdictions. About <hl> 40 <hl> percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation (sheltered or unsheltered), 40 percent came from a housed situation (in their own or someone else's home), and the remaining 20 percent were split between institutional settings or other situations such as hotels or motels. Most people had relatively short lengths of stay in emergency shelters: 60 percent stayed less than a month, and a 33 percent stayed a week or less.", "sentence_answer": "About <hl> 40 <hl> percent of people entering an emergency shelter or transitional housing program during 2008 came from another homeless situation (sheltered or unsheltered), 40 percent came from a housed situation (in their own or someone else's home), and the remaining 20 percent were split between institutional settings or other situations such as hotels or motels.", "paragraph_id": "5d665e0b2b22cd4dfcfbdcab"}
{"question": "What made the Andes out of reach from neighboring countries?", "paragraph": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores. Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft.", "answer": "building highways and railroads", "sentence": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. <hl> For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores. Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft.", "paragraph_answer": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of <hl> building highways and railroads <hl> that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores. Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft.", "sentence_answer": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of <hl> building highways and railroads <hl> that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices.", "paragraph_id": "5d660b922b22cd4dfcfbd6ca"}
{"question": "What was a renewable source of protein produced by cows and goats?", "paragraph": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "answer": "milk", "sentence": "Animals that provided milk , such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable.", "paragraph_sentence": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. <hl> Animals that provided milk , such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. <hl> The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "paragraph_answer": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided <hl> milk <hl>, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "sentence_answer": "Animals that provided <hl> milk <hl> , such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable.", "paragraph_id": "5d67422b2b22cd4dfcfbf42c"}
{"question": "What does immoral behavior jeopardize?", "paragraph": "Even though we have a sense of responsibility to pursue moral purposes,[according to whom?] we still, at least occasionally, engage in immoral behaviour.   Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals.  Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour.   When our moral self-image is threatened, we can gain confidence from our past moral behaviour. The more confident we are, the less we will worry about our future behaviour which actually increases the likelihood that we will engage in immoral behaviours.", "answer": "moral self-image", "sentence": "  Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image ; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals.", "paragraph_sentence": "Even though we have a sense of responsibility to pursue moral purposes,[according to whom?] we still, at least occasionally, engage in immoral behaviour. <hl> Such behaviours jeopardize our moral self-image ; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals. <hl> Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour. When our moral self-image is threatened, we can gain confidence from our past moral behaviour. The more confident we are, the less we will worry about our future behaviour which actually increases the likelihood that we will engage in immoral behaviours.", "paragraph_answer": "Even though we have a sense of responsibility to pursue moral purposes,[according to whom?] we still, at least occasionally, engage in immoral behaviour. Such behaviours jeopardize our <hl> moral self-image <hl>; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals. Moral self-licensing attempts to explain this phenomenon and proposes that self-image security increases our likelihood to engage in immoral behaviour. When our moral self-image is threatened, we can gain confidence from our past moral behaviour. The more confident we are, the less we will worry about our future behaviour which actually increases the likelihood that we will engage in immoral behaviours.", "sentence_answer": " Such behaviours jeopardize our <hl> moral self-image <hl> ; however, when we engage in immoral behaviours we still feel as though we are moral individuals.", "paragraph_id": "5d6752cc2b22cd4dfcfbf6f7"}
{"question": "On what date did Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquire Manhattan from the Native American people?", "paragraph": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "answer": "May 24, 1626", "sentence": "According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014.", "paragraph_sentence": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. <hl> According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. <hl> According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "paragraph_answer": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on <hl> May 24, 1626 <hl> from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "sentence_answer": "According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on <hl> May 24, 1626 <hl> from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff252b22cd4dfcfbe9b3"}
{"question": "What Soviet leader had taken a more experimental approach towards education?", "paragraph": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. Organised religion was repressed, especially minority religious groups. Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism, and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "answer": "Lenin", "sentence": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. <hl> Organised religion was repressed, especially minority religious groups. Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism, and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "paragraph_answer": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under <hl> Lenin <hl> to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. Organised religion was repressed, especially minority religious groups. Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism, and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "sentence_answer": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under <hl> Lenin <hl> to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism.", "paragraph_id": "5d67233c2b22cd4dfcfbf03d"}
{"question": "Who is responsible for waste management and construction projects in a given district?", "paragraph": "District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts. They each maintain their own budgets, although the metropolitan mayor reserves the right to review district decisions. One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. All members of the district councils and the Municipal Council, including the metropolitan mayor, are elected to five-year terms. Representing the Justice and Development Party, Kadir Topba\u015f has been Mayor of Istanbul since March 2004.", "answer": "District councils", "sentence": "District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts. <hl> They each maintain their own budgets, although the metropolitan mayor reserves the right to review district decisions. One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. All members of the district councils and the Municipal Council, including the metropolitan mayor, are elected to five-year terms. Representing the Justice and Development Party, Kadir Topba\u015f has been Mayor of Istanbul since March 2004.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> District councils <hl> are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts. They each maintain their own budgets, although the metropolitan mayor reserves the right to review district decisions. One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. All members of the district councils and the Municipal Council, including the metropolitan mayor, are elected to five-year terms. Representing the Justice and Development Party, Kadir Topba\u015f has been Mayor of Istanbul since March 2004.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> District councils <hl> are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8e92b22cd4dfcfbd22c"}
{"question": "who conducted a study in 2004?", "paragraph": "Many advocates for the homeless contend that a key difficulty is the social stigma surrounding homelessness. Many associate a lack of a permanent home with a lack of a proper bathroom and limited access to regular grooming. Thus, the homeless become \"aesthetically unappealing\" to the general public. Research shows that \"physically attractive persons are judged more positively than physically unattractive individuals on various traits\u2026reflecting social competence.\"  In addition to the physical component of stigmatization exists an association of the homeless with mental illness. Many people consider the mentally ill to be irresponsible and childlike and treat them with fear and exclusion, using their mental incapacitation as justification for why they should be left out of communities. There is anecdotal evidence that many Americans complain about the presence of homeless people, blame them for their situation, and feel that their requests for money or support (usually via begging) are unjustified. In the 1990s, particularly, many observers and media articles spoke of \"compassion fatigue\" a belief that the public had grown weary of this seemingly intractable problem. A common misconception persists that many individuals who panhandle are not actually homeless, but actually use pity and compassion to fund their lifestyles, making up to $20 an hour and living luxurious lives. This exception to the rule seems more prevalent due to media attention, but in reality, only a few cases exist. Public opinion surveys show relatively little support for this view, however. A 1995 paper in the American Journal of Community Psychology concluded that \"although the homeless are clearly stigmatized, there is little evidence to suggest that the public has lost compassion and is unwilling to support policies to help homeless people.\" A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that \"familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem.", "answer": "Penn State", "sentence": "A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that \"familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many advocates for the homeless contend that a key difficulty is the social stigma surrounding homelessness. Many associate a lack of a permanent home with a lack of a proper bathroom and limited access to regular grooming. Thus, the homeless become \"aesthetically unappealing\" to the general public. Research shows that \"physically attractive persons are judged more positively than physically unattractive individuals on various traits\u2026reflecting social competence.\" In addition to the physical component of stigmatization exists an association of the homeless with mental illness. Many people consider the mentally ill to be irresponsible and childlike and treat them with fear and exclusion, using their mental incapacitation as justification for why they should be left out of communities. There is anecdotal evidence that many Americans complain about the presence of homeless people, blame them for their situation, and feel that their requests for money or support (usually via begging) are unjustified. In the 1990s, particularly, many observers and media articles spoke of \"compassion fatigue\" a belief that the public had grown weary of this seemingly intractable problem. A common misconception persists that many individuals who panhandle are not actually homeless, but actually use pity and compassion to fund their lifestyles, making up to $20 an hour and living luxurious lives. This exception to the rule seems more prevalent due to media attention, but in reality, only a few cases exist. Public opinion surveys show relatively little support for this view, however. A 1995 paper in the American Journal of Community Psychology concluded that \"although the homeless are clearly stigmatized, there is little evidence to suggest that the public has lost compassion and is unwilling to support policies to help homeless people.\" <hl> A Penn State study in 2004 concluded that \"familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many advocates for the homeless contend that a key difficulty is the social stigma surrounding homelessness. Many associate a lack of a permanent home with a lack of a proper bathroom and limited access to regular grooming. Thus, the homeless become \"aesthetically unappealing\" to the general public. Research shows that \"physically attractive persons are judged more positively than physically unattractive individuals on various traits\u2026reflecting social competence.\" In addition to the physical component of stigmatization exists an association of the homeless with mental illness. Many people consider the mentally ill to be irresponsible and childlike and treat them with fear and exclusion, using their mental incapacitation as justification for why they should be left out of communities. There is anecdotal evidence that many Americans complain about the presence of homeless people, blame them for their situation, and feel that their requests for money or support (usually via begging) are unjustified. In the 1990s, particularly, many observers and media articles spoke of \"compassion fatigue\" a belief that the public had grown weary of this seemingly intractable problem. A common misconception persists that many individuals who panhandle are not actually homeless, but actually use pity and compassion to fund their lifestyles, making up to $20 an hour and living luxurious lives. This exception to the rule seems more prevalent due to media attention, but in reality, only a few cases exist. Public opinion surveys show relatively little support for this view, however. A 1995 paper in the American Journal of Community Psychology concluded that \"although the homeless are clearly stigmatized, there is little evidence to suggest that the public has lost compassion and is unwilling to support policies to help homeless people.\" A <hl> Penn State <hl> study in 2004 concluded that \"familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> Penn State <hl> study in 2004 concluded that \"familiarity breeds sympathy\" and greater support for addressing the problem.", "paragraph_id": "5d666f602b22cd4dfcfbdee3"}
{"question": "What type of unsaturated fat may increase cardiovascular risk?", "paragraph": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "answer": "omega 6 linoleic acid", "sentence": "A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk.", "paragraph_sentence": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. <hl> A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. <hl> Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "paragraph_answer": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with <hl> omega 6 linoleic acid <hl> (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "sentence_answer": "A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with <hl> omega 6 linoleic acid <hl> (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c14e2b22cd4dfcfbcb88"}
{"question": "What religion made up half of the population in 1910?", "paragraph": "The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the sixth century, and has subsequently come to be widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians. Since 1601, the Patriarchate has been based in Istanbul's Church of St. George. Into the 19th century, the Christians of Istanbul tended to be either Greek Orthodox or members of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church are located in the city. Because of events during the 20th century\u2014including the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, a 1942 wealth tax, and the 1955 Istanbul riots\u2014the Greek population, originally centered in Fener and Samatya, has decreased substantially. At the start of the 21st century, Istanbul's Greek population numbered 3,000 (down from 130,000 in 1923 and 260,000 according to the Ottoman Census of 1910 of 850,000 total). There are today between 50,000 and 70,000 Armenians in Istanbul, down from 164,000 in 1913 partly due to the Armenian Genocide. Christians made up half the population of the city in 1910.", "answer": "Christians", "sentence": "The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the sixth century, and has subsequently come to be widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the sixth century, and has subsequently come to be widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox Christians . <hl> Since 1601, the Patriarchate has been based in Istanbul's Church of St. George. Into the 19th century, the Christians of Istanbul tended to be either Greek Orthodox or members of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church are located in the city. Because of events during the 20th century\u2014including the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, a 1942 wealth tax, and the 1955 Istanbul riots\u2014the Greek population, originally centered in Fener and Samatya, has decreased substantially. At the start of the 21st century, Istanbul's Greek population numbered 3,000 (down from 130,000 in 1923 and 260,000 according to the Ottoman Census of 1910 of 850,000 total). There are today between 50,000 and 70,000 Armenians in Istanbul, down from 164,000 in 1913 partly due to the Armenian Genocide. Christians made up half the population of the city in 1910.", "paragraph_answer": "The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the sixth century, and has subsequently come to be widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox <hl> Christians <hl>. Since 1601, the Patriarchate has been based in Istanbul's Church of St. George. Into the 19th century, the Christians of Istanbul tended to be either Greek Orthodox or members of the Armenian Apostolic Church. The headquarters of the Turkish Orthodox Church are located in the city. Because of events during the 20th century\u2014including the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, a 1942 wealth tax, and the 1955 Istanbul riots\u2014the Greek population, originally centered in Fener and Samatya, has decreased substantially. At the start of the 21st century, Istanbul's Greek population numbered 3,000 (down from 130,000 in 1923 and 260,000 according to the Ottoman Census of 1910 of 850,000 total). There are today between 50,000 and 70,000 Armenians in Istanbul, down from 164,000 in 1913 partly due to the Armenian Genocide. Christians made up half the population of the city in 1910.", "sentence_answer": "The Patriarch of Constantinople has been designated Ecumenical Patriarch since the sixth century, and has subsequently come to be widely regarded as the leader of the world's 300 million Orthodox <hl> Christians <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0572b22cd4dfcfbe662"}
{"question": "What was the fourth ranked cause of homelessness found by the homelessness survey?", "paragraph": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "answer": "low-paying jobs", "sentence": "The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs .", "paragraph_sentence": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... <hl> The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs . <hl> The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "paragraph_answer": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and <hl> low-paying jobs <hl>. The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "sentence_answer": "The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and <hl> low-paying jobs <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66196c2b22cd4dfcfbd8a6"}
{"question": "What was translated into Armenian the 5th century?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373, King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. Before the 5th century, Armenians had a spoken language, but it was not written. Thus, the Bible and Liturgy were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian. The Catholicos Sahak commissioned Mesrob to create an Armenian alphabet, which he completed in 406. Subsequently the Bible and Liturgy were translated into Armenian and written in the new script. The translation of the Bible, along with the translation of other works of history, literature and philosophy, caused a flowering of Armenian literature and a broader cultural renaissance.", "answer": "the Bible", "sentence": "Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373, King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. <hl> Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of the Bible into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. <hl> Before the 5th century, Armenians had a spoken language, but it was not written. Thus, the Bible and Liturgy were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian. The Catholicos Sahak commissioned Mesrob to create an Armenian alphabet, which he completed in 406. Subsequently the Bible and Liturgy were translated into Armenian and written in the new script. The translation of the Bible, along with the translation of other works of history, literature and philosophy, caused a flowering of Armenian literature and a broader cultural renaissance.", "paragraph_answer": "The Armenian Church began to distance itself from the Roman concept of the Universal Church when, in 373, King Papas (Pap) appointed Catholicos Husik without first sending him to Caesarea for commissioning. Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of <hl> the Bible <hl> into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots. Before the 5th century, Armenians had a spoken language, but it was not written. Thus, the Bible and Liturgy were written in Greek or Syriac rather than Armenian. The Catholicos Sahak commissioned Mesrob to create an Armenian alphabet, which he completed in 406. Subsequently the Bible and Liturgy were translated into Armenian and written in the new script. The translation of the Bible, along with the translation of other works of history, literature and philosophy, caused a flowering of Armenian literature and a broader cultural renaissance.", "sentence_answer": "Christianity was strengthened in Armenia in the 5th century by the translation of <hl> the Bible <hl> into the Armenian language by the native theologian, monk, and scholar St. Mesrob Mashtots.", "paragraph_id": "5d65892a2b22cd4dfcfbca24"}
{"question": "What negative social structure does Blackburn say Hinduism is connected with?", "paragraph": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers.", "answer": "the caste system", "sentence": "For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system , and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. <hl> For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system , and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". <hl> In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers.", "paragraph_answer": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with <hl> the caste system <hl>, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers.", "sentence_answer": "For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with <hl> the caste system <hl> , and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\".", "paragraph_id": "5d670c4e2b22cd4dfcfbec21"}
{"question": "Why does tin resist transformation?", "paragraph": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals in general, and there are few elements that have appreciable solid solubility in tin. Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc.", "answer": "because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities.", "sentence": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. <hl> Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals in general, and there are few elements that have appreciable solid solubility in tin. Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc.", "paragraph_answer": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation <hl> because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. <hl> Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals in general, and there are few elements that have appreciable solid solubility in tin. Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc.", "sentence_answer": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation <hl> because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. <hl> Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee112b22cd4dfcfbe594"}
{"question": "Universal prescriptivism claims tat morality comes from what?", "paragraph": "Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism. For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being, respectively.", "answer": "reasoning about implied imperatives", "sentence": "For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives , and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being, respectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism. <hl> For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives , and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being, respectively. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism. For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from <hl> reasoning about implied imperatives <hl>, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being, respectively.", "sentence_answer": "For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from <hl> reasoning about implied imperatives <hl> , and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being, respectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d6701d52b22cd4dfcfbea12"}
{"question": "Why does the list of historical phrases have variants?", "paragraph": "According to Roman Mythology, Latin was established by a tribal people called the Latini some time before the Trojan War.[citation needed] A number of historical phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, morphology, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features. As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "answer": "different scholars emphasize different features", "sentence": "There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features .", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Roman Mythology, Latin was established by a tribal people called the Latini some time before the Trojan War.[citation needed] A number of historical phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, morphology, and syntax. <hl> There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features . <hl> As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "paragraph_answer": "According to Roman Mythology, Latin was established by a tribal people called the Latini some time before the Trojan War.[citation needed] A number of historical phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, morphology, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; <hl> different scholars emphasize different features <hl>. As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "sentence_answer": "There are no hard and fast rules of classification; <hl> different scholars emphasize different features <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6641382b22cd4dfcfbdb92"}
{"question": "Who invented the saxophone family of instruments?", "paragraph": "The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840. Adolphe Sax wanted to create a group or series of instruments that would be the most powerful and vocal of the woodwinds, and the most adaptive of the brass instruments, that would fill the vacant middle ground between the two sections. He patented the saxophone on June 28, 1846, in two groups of seven instruments each. Each series consisted of instruments of various sizes in alternating transposition. The series pitched in B\u266d and E\u266d, designed for military bands, have proved extremely popular and most saxophones encountered today are from this series. Instruments from the so-called \"orchestral\" series, pitched in C and F, never gained a foothold, and the B\u266d and E\u266d instruments have now replaced the C and F instruments when the saxophone is used in the orchestra.", "answer": "Adolphe Sax", "sentence": "The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. <hl> The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840. <hl> Adolphe Sax wanted to create a group or series of instruments that would be the most powerful and vocal of the woodwinds, and the most adaptive of the brass instruments, that would fill the vacant middle ground between the two sections. He patented the saxophone on June 28, 1846, in two groups of seven instruments each. Each series consisted of instruments of various sizes in alternating transposition. The series pitched in B\u266d and E\u266d, designed for military bands, have proved extremely popular and most saxophones encountered today are from this series. Instruments from the so-called \"orchestral\" series, pitched in C and F, never gained a foothold, and the B\u266d and E\u266d instruments have now replaced the C and F instruments when the saxophone is used in the orchestra.", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker <hl> Adolphe Sax <hl> in 1840. Adolphe Sax wanted to create a group or series of instruments that would be the most powerful and vocal of the woodwinds, and the most adaptive of the brass instruments, that would fill the vacant middle ground between the two sections. He patented the saxophone on June 28, 1846, in two groups of seven instruments each. Each series consisted of instruments of various sizes in alternating transposition. The series pitched in B\u266d and E\u266d, designed for military bands, have proved extremely popular and most saxophones encountered today are from this series. Instruments from the so-called \"orchestral\" series, pitched in C and F, never gained a foothold, and the B\u266d and E\u266d instruments have now replaced the C and F instruments when the saxophone is used in the orchestra.", "sentence_answer": "The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker <hl> Adolphe Sax <hl> in 1840.", "paragraph_id": "5d6740422b22cd4dfcfbf3f8"}
{"question": "How long was the siege of Constantinople in the 1400s?", "paragraph": "Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. In the mid-14th-century, the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. Mehmed declared himself as the new \"Kaysar-i R\u00fbm\" (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire.", "answer": "eight-week", "sentence": "On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. In the mid-14th-century, the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. <hl> On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. <hl> Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. Mehmed declared himself as the new \"Kaysar-i R\u00fbm\" (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. In the mid-14th-century, the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. On 29 May 1453, after an <hl> eight-week <hl> siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. Mehmed declared himself as the new \"Kaysar-i R\u00fbm\" (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire.", "sentence_answer": "On 29 May 1453, after an <hl> eight-week <hl> siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3532b22cd4dfcfbd123"}
{"question": "Who, according to the same study, is more likely to do random acts of kindness?", "paragraph": "Dozens of studies have been conducted on this topic since the twentieth century. A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that, \"In general, higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide, juvenile and early adult mortality, STD infection rates, teen pregnancy, and abortion in the prosperous democracies,\" and \"In all secular developing democracies a centuries long-term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows\" with the exceptions being the United States (with a high religiosity level) and \"theistic\" Portugal.[d]  In a response, Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul's study. His conclusion is that a \"complex relationship\" exists between religiosity and homicide \"with some\ndimensions of religiosity encouraging homicide and other dimensions discouraging it\". On April 26, 2012, the results of a study which tested their subjects' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which non-religious people had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness, such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train. Religious people also had lower scores when it came to seeing how much compassion motivated participants to be charitable in other ways, such as in giving money or food to a homeless person and to non-believers.", "answer": "non-religious people", "sentence": "On April 26, 2012, the results of a study which tested their subjects' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which non-religious people had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness, such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train.", "paragraph_sentence": "Dozens of studies have been conducted on this topic since the twentieth century. A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that, \"In general, higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide, juvenile and early adult mortality, STD infection rates, teen pregnancy, and abortion in the prosperous democracies,\" and \"In all secular developing democracies a centuries long-term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows\" with the exceptions being the United States (with a high religiosity level) and \"theistic\" Portugal.[d] In a response, Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul's study. His conclusion is that a \"complex relationship\" exists between religiosity and homicide \"with some dimensions of religiosity encouraging homicide and other dimensions discouraging it\". <hl> On April 26, 2012, the results of a study which tested their subjects' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which non-religious people had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness, such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train. <hl> Religious people also had lower scores when it came to seeing how much compassion motivated participants to be charitable in other ways, such as in giving money or food to a homeless person and to non-believers.", "paragraph_answer": "Dozens of studies have been conducted on this topic since the twentieth century. A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that, \"In general, higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide, juvenile and early adult mortality, STD infection rates, teen pregnancy, and abortion in the prosperous democracies,\" and \"In all secular developing democracies a centuries long-term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows\" with the exceptions being the United States (with a high religiosity level) and \"theistic\" Portugal.[d] In a response, Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul's study. His conclusion is that a \"complex relationship\" exists between religiosity and homicide \"with some dimensions of religiosity encouraging homicide and other dimensions discouraging it\". On April 26, 2012, the results of a study which tested their subjects' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which <hl> non-religious people <hl> had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness, such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train. Religious people also had lower scores when it came to seeing how much compassion motivated participants to be charitable in other ways, such as in giving money or food to a homeless person and to non-believers.", "sentence_answer": "On April 26, 2012, the results of a study which tested their subjects' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which <hl> non-religious people <hl> had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness, such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train.", "paragraph_id": "5d6709bd2b22cd4dfcfbeb8d"}
{"question": "Which metal alloy form has tin been used with?", "paragraph": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead, tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the use of lead in such alloys has decreased. Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems. Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.", "answer": "lead", "sentence": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead , tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead , tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. <hl> Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the use of lead in such alloys has decreased. Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems. Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with <hl> lead <hl>, tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the use of lead in such alloys has decreased. Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems. Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.", "sentence_answer": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with <hl> lead <hl> , tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead.", "paragraph_id": "5d670b8a2b22cd4dfcfbebf6"}
{"question": "How many fiberglass panthers are on the Pitt campus?", "paragraph": "In the fall of 1909, the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot. Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. These fiberglass panther structures are given to a campus group for a year and painted by the group to reflect their interests. The oldest representations are four panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge. Other Oakland locations include both inside and in front of the William Pitt Union, outside the Petersen Events Center, \"Pitt the Panther\" on the carousel in Schenley Plaza, the Panther head fountain on the front of the Cathedral of Learning, and the Pitt Panther statue outside Heinz Field on Pittsburgh's North Side.", "answer": "and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus", "sentence": "Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the fall of 1909, the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot. <hl> Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus by the Pitt Student Government. <hl> These fiberglass panther structures are given to a campus group for a year and painted by the group to reflect their interests. The oldest representations are four panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge. Other Oakland locations include both inside and in front of the William Pitt Union, outside the Petersen Events Center, \"Pitt the Panther\" on the carousel in Schenley Plaza, the Panther head fountain on the front of the Cathedral of Learning, and the Pitt Panther statue outside Heinz Field on Pittsburgh's North Side.", "paragraph_answer": "In the fall of 1909, the University of Pittsburgh was the first college or university to adopt the panther (Puma concolor) as its mascot. Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, <hl> and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus <hl> by the Pitt Student Government. These fiberglass panther structures are given to a campus group for a year and painted by the group to reflect their interests. The oldest representations are four panthers that guard each corner of the Panther Hollow bridge. Other Oakland locations include both inside and in front of the William Pitt Union, outside the Petersen Events Center, \"Pitt the Panther\" on the carousel in Schenley Plaza, the Panther head fountain on the front of the Cathedral of Learning, and the Pitt Panther statue outside Heinz Field on Pittsburgh's North Side.", "sentence_answer": "Popular as photo sites, there are ten representations of Panthers in and about Pitt's campus, <hl> and ten more painted fiberglass panthers placed around the campus <hl> by the Pitt Student Government.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8642b22cd4dfcfbe872"}
{"question": "What document includes all obligations, rights, and benefits between parties?", "paragraph": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "answer": "contract", "sentence": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. <hl> Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> contract <hl> should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> contract <hl> should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8e82b22cd4dfcfbcd6b"}
{"question": "Where is Green Spain located?", "paragraph": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "answer": "runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay", "sentence": "These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay .)", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. <hl> These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay .) <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which <hl> runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay <hl>.)", "sentence_answer": "These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which <hl> runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay <hl> .)", "paragraph_id": "5d671aba2b22cd4dfcfbef57"}
{"question": "Stockpiling of food allowed for survival and expanded what activity?", "paragraph": "Sherratt argues that this phase in agricultural development enabled humans to make use of the energy possibilities of their animals in new ways, and permitted permanent intensive subsistence farming and crop production, and the opening up of heavier soils for farming. It also made possible nomadic pastoralism in semi arid areas, along the margins of deserts, and eventually led to the domestication of both the dromedary and Bactrian camel. Overgrazing of these areas, particularly by herds of goats, greatly extended the areal extent of deserts. Living in one spot would have more easily permitted the accrual of personal possessions and an attachment to certain areas of land. From such a position, it is argued[by whom?], prehistoric people were able to stockpile food to survive lean times and trade unwanted surpluses with others. Once trade and a secure food supply were established, populations could grow, and society would have diversified into food producers and artisans, who could afford to develop their trade by virtue of the free time they enjoyed because of a surplus of food. The artisans, in turn, were able to develop technology such as metal weapons. Such relative complexity would have required some form of social organisation to work efficiently, so it is likely that populations that had such organisation, perhaps such as that provided by religion, were better prepared and more successful. In addition, the denser populations could form and support legions of professional soldiers. Also, during this time property ownership became increasingly important to all people. Ultimately, Childe argued that this growing social complexity, all rooted in the original decision to settle, led to a second Urban Revolution in which the first cities were built.[citation needed]", "answer": "trade unwanted surpluses with others", "sentence": "From such a position, it is argued[by whom?], prehistoric people were able to stockpile food to survive lean times and trade unwanted surpluses with others .", "paragraph_sentence": "Sherratt argues that this phase in agricultural development enabled humans to make use of the energy possibilities of their animals in new ways, and permitted permanent intensive subsistence farming and crop production, and the opening up of heavier soils for farming. It also made possible nomadic pastoralism in semi arid areas, along the margins of deserts, and eventually led to the domestication of both the dromedary and Bactrian camel. Overgrazing of these areas, particularly by herds of goats, greatly extended the areal extent of deserts. Living in one spot would have more easily permitted the accrual of personal possessions and an attachment to certain areas of land. <hl> From such a position, it is argued[by whom?], prehistoric people were able to stockpile food to survive lean times and trade unwanted surpluses with others . <hl> Once trade and a secure food supply were established, populations could grow, and society would have diversified into food producers and artisans, who could afford to develop their trade by virtue of the free time they enjoyed because of a surplus of food. The artisans, in turn, were able to develop technology such as metal weapons. Such relative complexity would have required some form of social organisation to work efficiently, so it is likely that populations that had such organisation, perhaps such as that provided by religion, were better prepared and more successful. In addition, the denser populations could form and support legions of professional soldiers. Also, during this time property ownership became increasingly important to all people. Ultimately, Childe argued that this growing social complexity, all rooted in the original decision to settle, led to a second Urban Revolution in which the first cities were built.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Sherratt argues that this phase in agricultural development enabled humans to make use of the energy possibilities of their animals in new ways, and permitted permanent intensive subsistence farming and crop production, and the opening up of heavier soils for farming. It also made possible nomadic pastoralism in semi arid areas, along the margins of deserts, and eventually led to the domestication of both the dromedary and Bactrian camel. Overgrazing of these areas, particularly by herds of goats, greatly extended the areal extent of deserts. Living in one spot would have more easily permitted the accrual of personal possessions and an attachment to certain areas of land. From such a position, it is argued[by whom?], prehistoric people were able to stockpile food to survive lean times and <hl> trade unwanted surpluses with others <hl>. Once trade and a secure food supply were established, populations could grow, and society would have diversified into food producers and artisans, who could afford to develop their trade by virtue of the free time they enjoyed because of a surplus of food. The artisans, in turn, were able to develop technology such as metal weapons. Such relative complexity would have required some form of social organisation to work efficiently, so it is likely that populations that had such organisation, perhaps such as that provided by religion, were better prepared and more successful. In addition, the denser populations could form and support legions of professional soldiers. Also, during this time property ownership became increasingly important to all people. Ultimately, Childe argued that this growing social complexity, all rooted in the original decision to settle, led to a second Urban Revolution in which the first cities were built.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "From such a position, it is argued[by whom?], prehistoric people were able to stockpile food to survive lean times and <hl> trade unwanted surpluses with others <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67d0fd2b22cd4dfcfc02a1"}
{"question": "Who negotiated the Covenant Chain?", "paragraph": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. From the 1670s several royal governors, notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. After King Phillips War, Andros successfully negotiated the Covenant Chain, a series of Indian treaties that brought relative calm to the frontiers of the middle colonies for many years.", "answer": "Sir Edmund Andros", "sentence": "From the 1670s several royal governors, notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters.", "paragraph_sentence": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. <hl> From the 1670s several royal governors, notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. <hl> After King Phillips War, Andros successfully negotiated the Covenant Chain, a series of Indian treaties that brought relative calm to the frontiers of the middle colonies for many years.", "paragraph_answer": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. From the 1670s several royal governors, notably <hl> Sir Edmund Andros <hl> (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. After King Phillips War, Andros successfully negotiated the Covenant Chain, a series of Indian treaties that brought relative calm to the frontiers of the middle colonies for many years.", "sentence_answer": "From the 1670s several royal governors, notably <hl> Sir Edmund Andros <hl> (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters.", "paragraph_id": "5d6686872b22cd4dfcfbe1b7"}
{"question": "Who has a dual mandate to reduce unemployment and get full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation?", "paragraph": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "answer": "The U.S. Federal Reserve", "sentence": "The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation.", "paragraph_sentence": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. <hl> The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. <hl> Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "paragraph_answer": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. <hl> The U.S. Federal Reserve <hl> (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The U.S. Federal Reserve <hl> (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706552b22cd4dfcfbeaf0"}
{"question": "What was considered the first Slovene elected parliament by some historians?", "paragraph": "Representatives of all political groups in Liberation Front participated in Supreme Plenum of Liberation Front, which led the resistance efforts in Slovenia. Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the 120-member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. The plenum also functioned as Slovenian National Liberation Committee, the supreme authority in Slovenia. Some historians consider the Ko\u010devje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in \u010crnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Ko\u010devje Assembly", "sentence": "Some historians consider the Ko\u010devje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_sentence": "Representatives of all political groups in Liberation Front participated in Supreme Plenum of Liberation Front, which led the resistance efforts in Slovenia. Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the 120-member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. The plenum also functioned as Slovenian National Liberation Committee, the supreme authority in Slovenia. <hl> Some historians consider the Ko\u010devje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. <hl> The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in \u010crnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Representatives of all political groups in Liberation Front participated in Supreme Plenum of Liberation Front, which led the resistance efforts in Slovenia. Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the 120-member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. The plenum also functioned as Slovenian National Liberation Committee, the supreme authority in Slovenia. Some historians consider <hl> the Ko\u010devje Assembly <hl> to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in \u010crnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Some historians consider <hl> the Ko\u010devje Assembly <hl> to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6796672b22cd4dfcfbfe97"}
{"question": "What is suggested as being the earliest cultivated crop in the world?", "paragraph": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world.  It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "answer": "taro", "sentence": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. <hl> Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world. It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "paragraph_answer": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of <hl> taro <hl> and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world. It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "sentence_answer": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of <hl> taro <hl> and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP.", "paragraph_id": "5d6740f62b22cd4dfcfbf405"}
{"question": "Who must conduct analysis of operations when governments are implementing decentralization?", "paragraph": "Analysis of operations\nProject and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively.  Governments deciding to privatize functions must decide which are best privatized. Existing types of decentralization must be studied. The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied. Training for both national and local managers and officials is necessary, as well as technical assistance in the planning, financing, and management of decentralized functions.", "answer": "Project and program planners", "sentence": "Analysis of operations\n Project and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Analysis of operations Project and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively. <hl> Governments deciding to privatize functions must decide which are best privatized. Existing types of decentralization must be studied. The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied. Training for both national and local managers and officials is necessary, as well as technical assistance in the planning, financing, and management of decentralized functions.", "paragraph_answer": "Analysis of operations <hl> Project and program planners <hl> must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively. Governments deciding to privatize functions must decide which are best privatized. Existing types of decentralization must be studied. The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied. Training for both national and local managers and officials is necessary, as well as technical assistance in the planning, financing, and management of decentralized functions.", "sentence_answer": "Analysis of operations <hl> Project and program planners <hl> must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674522b22cd4dfcfbdf92"}
{"question": "Bolshevik communists are what type of atheists?", "paragraph": "The Marxism\u2013Leninist worldview promotes atheism as a fundamental tenet. Marxist\u2013Leninist atheism has its roots in the philosophy of Ludwig Feuerbach, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Marx, and Lenin. Materialism, the philosophical standpoint that the universe exists independently of human consciousness, consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism\u2013Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism. Vitaly Ginzburg, a Soviet physicist, wrote that the \"Bolshevik communists were not merely atheists, but, according to Lenin's terminology, militant atheists.\" Therefore, many Marxist\u2013Leninist states, historically and currently, are also atheist states. Under these regimes, several religions and their adherents were targeted to be \"stamped out\".", "answer": "militant atheists.", "sentence": "Vitaly Ginzburg, a Soviet physicist, wrote that the \"Bolshevik communists were not merely atheists, but, according to Lenin's terminology, militant atheists. \" Therefore, many Marxist\u2013Leninist states, historically and currently, are also atheist states.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Marxism\u2013Leninist worldview promotes atheism as a fundamental tenet. Marxist\u2013Leninist atheism has its roots in the philosophy of Ludwig Feuerbach, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Marx, and Lenin. Materialism, the philosophical standpoint that the universe exists independently of human consciousness, consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism\u2013Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism. <hl> Vitaly Ginzburg, a Soviet physicist, wrote that the \"Bolshevik communists were not merely atheists, but, according to Lenin's terminology, militant atheists. \" Therefore, many Marxist\u2013Leninist states, historically and currently, are also atheist states. <hl> Under these regimes, several religions and their adherents were targeted to be \"stamped out\".", "paragraph_answer": "The Marxism\u2013Leninist worldview promotes atheism as a fundamental tenet. Marxist\u2013Leninist atheism has its roots in the philosophy of Ludwig Feuerbach, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Marx, and Lenin. Materialism, the philosophical standpoint that the universe exists independently of human consciousness, consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism\u2013Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism. Vitaly Ginzburg, a Soviet physicist, wrote that the \"Bolshevik communists were not merely atheists, but, according to Lenin's terminology, <hl> militant atheists. <hl>\" Therefore, many Marxist\u2013Leninist states, historically and currently, are also atheist states. Under these regimes, several religions and their adherents were targeted to be \"stamped out\".", "sentence_answer": "Vitaly Ginzburg, a Soviet physicist, wrote that the \"Bolshevik communists were not merely atheists, but, according to Lenin's terminology, <hl> militant atheists. <hl> \" Therefore, many Marxist\u2013Leninist states, historically and currently, are also atheist states.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707b52b22cd4dfcfbeb3a"}
{"question": "What group of people are more likely to get heart disease relative to pre-menopausal women?", "paragraph": "Men are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women. Once past menopause, it has been argued that a woman's risk is similar to a man's although more recent data from the WHO and UN disputes this. If a female has diabetes, she is more likely to develop heart disease than a male with diabetes.", "answer": "Men", "sentence": "Men are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Men are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women. <hl> Once past menopause, it has been argued that a woman's risk is similar to a man's although more recent data from the WHO and UN disputes this. If a female has diabetes, she is more likely to develop heart disease than a male with diabetes.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Men <hl> are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women. Once past menopause, it has been argued that a woman's risk is similar to a man's although more recent data from the WHO and UN disputes this. If a female has diabetes, she is more likely to develop heart disease than a male with diabetes.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Men <hl> are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d0862b22cd4dfcfbcdca"}
{"question": "Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are classified under what larger class of diseases?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "answer": "Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction", "sentence": "Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack).", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. <hl> Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). <hl> Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. <hl> Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction <hl> (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction <hl> (commonly known as a heart attack).", "paragraph_id": "5d660f0d2b22cd4dfcfbd759"}
{"question": "In the 1980s, what field was Pitt established as a world leader?", "paragraph": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "answer": "organ transplantation", "sentence": "In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. <hl> In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. <hl> In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of <hl> organ transplantation <hl> was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "sentence_answer": "In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of <hl> organ transplantation <hl> was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation.", "paragraph_id": "5d682d3c2b22cd4dfcfc0638"}
{"question": "When was the Paz Mi\u00f1o family active?", "paragraph": "Other surnames which started off as compounds of two or more surnames, but which merged into one single word, also exist. An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \"Paz Mi\u00f1o\" family of five centuries ago.", "answer": "five centuries ago", "sentence": "An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \"Paz Mi\u00f1o\" family of five centuries ago .", "paragraph_sentence": "Other surnames which started off as compounds of two or more surnames, but which merged into one single word, also exist. <hl> An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \"Paz Mi\u00f1o\" family of five centuries ago . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Other surnames which started off as compounds of two or more surnames, but which merged into one single word, also exist. An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \"Paz Mi\u00f1o\" family of <hl> five centuries ago <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \"Paz Mi\u00f1o\" family of <hl> five centuries ago <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676fa72b22cd4dfcfbfb95"}
{"question": "How long has the Roosevelt Island Tramway been operating?", "paragraph": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "answer": "since 1978", "sentence": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978 . <hl> (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "paragraph_answer": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island <hl> since 1978 <hl>. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "sentence_answer": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island <hl> since 1978 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670d422b22cd4dfcfbec3b"}
{"question": "What kind of predicates are understood as the divider of the domain of discourse?", "paragraph": "When there are only finitely many sorts in a theory, many-sorted first-order logic can be reduced to single-sorted first-order logic. One introduces into the single-sorted theory a unary predicate symbol for each sort in the many-sorted theory, and adds an axiom saying that these unary predicates partition the domain of discourse. For example, if there are two sorts, one adds predicate symbols \n\n\n\n\nP\n\n1\n\n\n(\nx\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle P_{1}(x)}\n\n and \n\n\n\n\nP\n\n2\n\n\n(\nx\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle P_{2}(x)}\n\n and the axiom", "answer": "unary predicates", "sentence": "One introduces into the single-sorted theory a unary predicate symbol for each sort in the many-sorted theory, and adds an axiom saying that these unary predicates partition the domain of discourse.", "paragraph_sentence": "When there are only finitely many sorts in a theory, many-sorted first-order logic can be reduced to single-sorted first-order logic. <hl> One introduces into the single-sorted theory a unary predicate symbol for each sort in the many-sorted theory, and adds an axiom saying that these unary predicates partition the domain of discourse. <hl> For example, if there are two sorts, one adds predicate symbols P 1 ( x ) {\\displaystyle P_{1}(x)} and P 2 ( x ) {\\displaystyle P_{2}(x)} and the axiom", "paragraph_answer": "When there are only finitely many sorts in a theory, many-sorted first-order logic can be reduced to single-sorted first-order logic. One introduces into the single-sorted theory a unary predicate symbol for each sort in the many-sorted theory, and adds an axiom saying that these <hl> unary predicates <hl> partition the domain of discourse. For example, if there are two sorts, one adds predicate symbols P 1 ( x ) {\\displaystyle P_{1}(x)} and P 2 ( x ) {\\displaystyle P_{2}(x)} and the axiom", "sentence_answer": "One introduces into the single-sorted theory a unary predicate symbol for each sort in the many-sorted theory, and adds an axiom saying that these <hl> unary predicates <hl> partition the domain of discourse.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0032b22cd4dfcfbe63a"}
{"question": "What are call stacks used for?", "paragraph": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, to implement subroutine calls and returns. Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame, at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other procedure calls. Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call, which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "answer": "to implement subroutine calls and returns", "sentence": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, to implement subroutine calls and returns .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, to implement subroutine calls and returns . <hl> Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame, at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other procedure calls. Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call, which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "paragraph_answer": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, <hl> to implement subroutine calls and returns <hl>. Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame, at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other procedure calls. Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call, which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "sentence_answer": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, <hl> to implement subroutine calls and returns <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674e162b22cd4dfcfbf5db"}
{"question": "What is the dump and chase strategy?", "paragraph": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134. The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "answer": "shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it", "sentence": "shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it ).", "paragraph_sentence": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. <hl> shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it ). <hl> Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134. The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "paragraph_answer": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. <hl> shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it <hl>). Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134. The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7c62b22cd4dfcfbced9"}
{"question": "In what note are instruments rare", "paragraph": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in B\u266d and E\u266d. The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F, has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument. One company has recently revived production of the C soprano and C melody. Instruments in F are rare.", "answer": "F", "sentence": "The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F , has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century.", "paragraph_sentence": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in B\u266d and E\u266d. <hl> The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and F , has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. <hl> The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument. One company has recently revived production of the C soprano and C melody. Instruments in F are rare.", "paragraph_answer": "The primary (military band) saxophone family alternates instruments in B\u266d and E\u266d. The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and <hl> F <hl>, has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century. The C melody enjoyed some success in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a parlor instrument. One company has recently revived production of the C soprano and C melody. Instruments in F are rare.", "sentence_answer": "The other (orchestral) family patented by Sax, alternating instruments in C and <hl> F <hl> , has always been marginal, although some manufacturers tried to popularise the soprano in C (or C soprano saxophone), the alto in F (or mezzo-soprano saxophone), and the tenor in C (or C melody saxophone) early in the twentieth century.", "paragraph_id": "5d675ccc2b22cd4dfcfbf888"}
{"question": "What would the programmer do if he/she wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter?", "paragraph": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed). If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "answer": "he could call another constructor that accepts only color,", "sentence": "If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "paragraph_sentence": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed). <hl> If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed). If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then <hl> he could call another constructor that accepts only color, <hl> which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "sentence_answer": "If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then <hl> he could call another constructor that accepts only color, <hl> which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "paragraph_id": "5d67df362b22cd4dfcfc035e"}
{"question": "How many minutes are there in sudden death over time period?", "paragraph": "Various procedures are used if a game is tied. In tournament play, as well as in the NHL playoffs, North Americans favour sudden death overtime, in which the teams continue to play twenty-minute periods until a goal is scored. Up until the 1999\u20132000 season regular season NHL games were settled with a single five-minute sudden death period with five players (plus a goalie) per side, with both teams awarded one point in the standings in the event of a tie. With a goal, the winning team would be awarded two points and the losing team none (just as if they had lost in regulation).", "answer": "twenty-minute periods", "sentence": "In tournament play, as well as in the NHL playoffs, North Americans favour sudden death overtime, in which the teams continue to play twenty-minute periods until a goal is scored.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various procedures are used if a game is tied. <hl> In tournament play, as well as in the NHL playoffs, North Americans favour sudden death overtime, in which the teams continue to play twenty-minute periods until a goal is scored. <hl> Up until the 1999\u20132000 season regular season NHL games were settled with a single five-minute sudden death period with five players (plus a goalie) per side, with both teams awarded one point in the standings in the event of a tie. With a goal, the winning team would be awarded two points and the losing team none (just as if they had lost in regulation).", "paragraph_answer": "Various procedures are used if a game is tied. In tournament play, as well as in the NHL playoffs, North Americans favour sudden death overtime, in which the teams continue to play <hl> twenty-minute periods <hl> until a goal is scored. Up until the 1999\u20132000 season regular season NHL games were settled with a single five-minute sudden death period with five players (plus a goalie) per side, with both teams awarded one point in the standings in the event of a tie. With a goal, the winning team would be awarded two points and the losing team none (just as if they had lost in regulation).", "sentence_answer": "In tournament play, as well as in the NHL playoffs, North Americans favour sudden death overtime, in which the teams continue to play <hl> twenty-minute periods <hl> until a goal is scored.", "paragraph_id": "5d66681e2b22cd4dfcfbde1f"}
{"question": "What color would the states won by George W. Bush turn?", "paragraph": "Traditionally the party had no consistent color identity. After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans. That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee Al Gore were colored blue. Although the assignment of colors to political parties is unofficial and informal, the media has come to represent the respective political parties using these colors. The party and its candidates have also come to embrace the color red.", "answer": "red", "sentence": "After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans.", "paragraph_sentence": "Traditionally the party had no consistent color identity. <hl> After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans. <hl> That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee Al Gore were colored blue. Although the assignment of colors to political parties is unofficial and informal, the media has come to represent the respective political parties using these colors. The party and its candidates have also come to embrace the color red.", "paragraph_answer": "Traditionally the party had no consistent color identity. After the 2000 election, the color <hl> red <hl> became associated with Republicans. That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee Al Gore were colored blue. Although the assignment of colors to political parties is unofficial and informal, the media has come to represent the respective political parties using these colors. The party and its candidates have also come to embrace the color red.", "sentence_answer": "After the 2000 election, the color <hl> red <hl> became associated with Republicans.", "paragraph_id": "5d6736f32b22cd4dfcfbf2c0"}
{"question": "Hartford, Connecticut was originally known as what?", "paragraph": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch. They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "answer": "Huys de Goede Hoop", "sentence": "They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop .", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch. <hl> They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop . <hl> Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch. They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called <hl> Huys de Goede Hoop <hl>. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called <hl> Huys de Goede Hoop <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ddf62b22cd4dfcfbcfe3"}
{"question": "Who elected the members of the assemblies?", "paragraph": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "answer": "the freeholders and planters", "sentence": "Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province.", "paragraph_sentence": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. <hl> Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. <hl> The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "paragraph_answer": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by <hl> the freeholders and planters <hl> (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "sentence_answer": "Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by <hl> the freeholders and planters <hl> (landowners) of the province.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ff442b22cd4dfcfbd52d"}
{"question": "Where did many slave traders establish outposts?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic slave traders, ordered by trade volume, were: the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Spanish, and the Dutch Empire. Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders. These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World. These slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "answer": "on the African coast", "sentence": "Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Atlantic slave traders, ordered by trade volume, were: the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Spanish, and the Dutch Empire. <hl> Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders. <hl> These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World. These slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic slave traders, ordered by trade volume, were: the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Spanish, and the Dutch Empire. Several had established outposts <hl> on the African coast <hl> where they purchased slaves from local African leaders. These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World. These slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "sentence_answer": "Several had established outposts <hl> on the African coast <hl> where they purchased slaves from local African leaders.", "paragraph_id": "5d6598e42b22cd4dfcfbca72"}
{"question": "When did the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone come into existence?", "paragraph": "The Ottoman Ministry of Post and Telegraph was established in 1840 and the first post office, the Imperial Post Office, opened near the courtyard of Yeni Mosque. By 1876, the first international mailing network between Istanbul and the lands beyond the Ottoman Empire had been established. Sultan Abd\u00fclmecid I issued Samuel Morse his first official honor for the telegraph in 1847, and construction of the first telegraph line\u2014between Istanbul and Edirne\u2014finished in time to announce the end of the Crimean War in 1856. A nascent telephone system began to emerge in Istanbul in 1881 and after the first manual telephone exchange became operational in Istanbul in 1909, the Ministry of Post and Telegraph became the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone. GSM cellular networks arrived in Turkey in 1994, with Istanbul among the first cities to receive the service. Today, mobile and landline service is provided by private companies, after T\u00fcrk Telekom, which split from the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone in 1995, was privatized in 2005. Postal services remain under the purview of what is now the Post and Telegraph Organization (retaining the acronym PTT).", "answer": "1909", "sentence": "A nascent telephone system began to emerge in Istanbul in 1881 and after the first manual telephone exchange became operational in Istanbul in 1909 , the Ministry of Post and Telegraph became the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Ottoman Ministry of Post and Telegraph was established in 1840 and the first post office, the Imperial Post Office, opened near the courtyard of Yeni Mosque. By 1876, the first international mailing network between Istanbul and the lands beyond the Ottoman Empire had been established. Sultan Abd\u00fclmecid I issued Samuel Morse his first official honor for the telegraph in 1847, and construction of the first telegraph line\u2014between Istanbul and Edirne\u2014finished in time to announce the end of the Crimean War in 1856. <hl> A nascent telephone system began to emerge in Istanbul in 1881 and after the first manual telephone exchange became operational in Istanbul in 1909 , the Ministry of Post and Telegraph became the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone. <hl> GSM cellular networks arrived in Turkey in 1994, with Istanbul among the first cities to receive the service. Today, mobile and landline service is provided by private companies, after T\u00fcrk Telekom, which split from the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone in 1995, was privatized in 2005. Postal services remain under the purview of what is now the Post and Telegraph Organization (retaining the acronym PTT).", "paragraph_answer": "The Ottoman Ministry of Post and Telegraph was established in 1840 and the first post office, the Imperial Post Office, opened near the courtyard of Yeni Mosque. By 1876, the first international mailing network between Istanbul and the lands beyond the Ottoman Empire had been established. Sultan Abd\u00fclmecid I issued Samuel Morse his first official honor for the telegraph in 1847, and construction of the first telegraph line\u2014between Istanbul and Edirne\u2014finished in time to announce the end of the Crimean War in 1856. A nascent telephone system began to emerge in Istanbul in 1881 and after the first manual telephone exchange became operational in Istanbul in <hl> 1909 <hl>, the Ministry of Post and Telegraph became the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone. GSM cellular networks arrived in Turkey in 1994, with Istanbul among the first cities to receive the service. Today, mobile and landline service is provided by private companies, after T\u00fcrk Telekom, which split from the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone in 1995, was privatized in 2005. Postal services remain under the purview of what is now the Post and Telegraph Organization (retaining the acronym PTT).", "sentence_answer": "A nascent telephone system began to emerge in Istanbul in 1881 and after the first manual telephone exchange became operational in Istanbul in <hl> 1909 <hl> , the Ministry of Post and Telegraph became the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fa322b22cd4dfcfbd4af"}
{"question": "Arabic names  referring to a city of of origin is one component of the surname called what?", "paragraph": "Arabic names sometimes contain surnames that denote the city of origin. For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikriti, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. This component of the name is called a nisbah.", "answer": "nisbah", "sentence": "This component of the name is called a nisbah .", "paragraph_sentence": "Arabic names sometimes contain surnames that denote the city of origin. For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikriti, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. <hl> This component of the name is called a nisbah . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Arabic names sometimes contain surnames that denote the city of origin. For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikriti, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. This component of the name is called a <hl> nisbah <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This component of the name is called a <hl> nisbah <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673dfd2b22cd4dfcfbf3cd"}
{"question": "What did the colonist feel they had sacrifced the most for the war?", "paragraph": "The British and colonists triumphed jointly over a common foe. The colonists' loyalty to the mother country was stronger than ever before. However, disunity was beginning to form. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder had decided to wage the war in the colonies with the use of troops from the colonies and tax funds from Britain itself. This was a successful wartime strategy, but after the war was over, each side believed that it had borne a greater burden than the other. The British elite, the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution.", "answer": "their sons", "sentence": "The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own.", "paragraph_sentence": "The British and colonists triumphed jointly over a common foe. The colonists' loyalty to the mother country was stronger than ever before. However, disunity was beginning to form. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder had decided to wage the war in the colonies with the use of troops from the colonies and tax funds from Britain itself. This was a successful wartime strategy, but after the war was over, each side believed that it had borne a greater burden than the other. The British elite, the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. <hl> The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. <hl> This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "The British and colonists triumphed jointly over a common foe. The colonists' loyalty to the mother country was stronger than ever before. However, disunity was beginning to form. British Prime Minister William Pitt the Elder had decided to wage the war in the colonies with the use of troops from the colonies and tax funds from Britain itself. This was a successful wartime strategy, but after the war was over, each side believed that it had borne a greater burden than the other. The British elite, the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. The colonists replied that <hl> their sons <hl> had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "The colonists replied that <hl> their sons <hl> had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own.", "paragraph_id": "5d662ddd2b22cd4dfcfbda9c"}
{"question": "What functions does the nervous system affect?", "paragraph": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "answer": "reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory", "sentence": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory . <hl> In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "paragraph_answer": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as <hl> reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory <hl>. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "sentence_answer": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as <hl> reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b3d82b22cd4dfcfbffd8"}
{"question": "What entity can own large tracts of land?", "paragraph": "Central governments themselves may own large tracts of land and control the forest, water, mineral, wildlife and other resources they contain. They may manage them through government operations or leasing them to private businesses; or they may neglect them to be exploited by individuals or groups who defy non-enforced laws against exploitation. It also may control most private land through land-use, zoning, environmental and other regulations.  Selling off or leasing lands can be profitable for governments willing to relinquish control, but such programs can face public scrutiny because of fear of a loss of heritage or of environmental damage. Devolution of control to regional or local governments has been found to be an effective way of dealing with these concerns. Such decentralization has happened in India and other third world nations.", "answer": "Central governments", "sentence": "Central governments themselves may own large tracts of land and control the forest, water, mineral, wildlife and other resources they contain.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Central governments themselves may own large tracts of land and control the forest, water, mineral, wildlife and other resources they contain. <hl> They may manage them through government operations or leasing them to private businesses; or they may neglect them to be exploited by individuals or groups who defy non-enforced laws against exploitation. It also may control most private land through land-use, zoning, environmental and other regulations. Selling off or leasing lands can be profitable for governments willing to relinquish control, but such programs can face public scrutiny because of fear of a loss of heritage or of environmental damage. Devolution of control to regional or local governments has been found to be an effective way of dealing with these concerns. Such decentralization has happened in India and other third world nations.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Central governments <hl> themselves may own large tracts of land and control the forest, water, mineral, wildlife and other resources they contain. They may manage them through government operations or leasing them to private businesses; or they may neglect them to be exploited by individuals or groups who defy non-enforced laws against exploitation. It also may control most private land through land-use, zoning, environmental and other regulations. Selling off or leasing lands can be profitable for governments willing to relinquish control, but such programs can face public scrutiny because of fear of a loss of heritage or of environmental damage. Devolution of control to regional or local governments has been found to be an effective way of dealing with these concerns. Such decentralization has happened in India and other third world nations.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Central governments <hl> themselves may own large tracts of land and control the forest, water, mineral, wildlife and other resources they contain.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6672b22cd4dfcfbcca6"}
{"question": "The Mare Suebicum was named after what tribe?", "paragraph": "At the time of the Roman Empire, the Baltic Sea was known as the Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum. Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. The Suebi eventually migrated south west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. Jordanes called it the Germanic Sea in his work, the Getica.", "answer": "Suebi tribe", "sentence": "Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe , during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the time of the Roman Empire, the Baltic Sea was known as the Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum. <hl> Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe , during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. <hl> The Suebi eventually migrated south west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. Jordanes called it the Germanic Sea in his work, the Getica.", "paragraph_answer": "At the time of the Roman Empire, the Baltic Sea was known as the Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum. Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the <hl> Suebi tribe <hl>, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. The Suebi eventually migrated south west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. Jordanes called it the Germanic Sea in his work, the Getica.", "sentence_answer": "Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the <hl> Suebi tribe <hl> , during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about.", "paragraph_id": "5d665d252b22cd4dfcfbdc98"}
{"question": "What year jungle began to gain mainstream popularity?", "paragraph": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "answer": "By 1994", "sentence": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. <hl> The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> By 1994 <hl> jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> By 1994 <hl> jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a5e12b22cd4dfcfbe3a2"}
{"question": "What happens when drops get larger than 9 millimetres?", "paragraph": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration.  Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops.  The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "answer": "they tend to break up", "sentence": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up . <hl> Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "paragraph_answer": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which <hl> they tend to break up <hl>. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "sentence_answer": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which <hl> they tend to break up <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67d0ef2b22cd4dfcfc0295"}
{"question": "What direction has wealth shifted in the past ten years?", "paragraph": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Poverty and homelessness have also become methods of 'disruption' used against political activists, such as members of the Occupy Movement. Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless.  Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "answer": "from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes", "sentence": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. <hl> Poverty and homelessness have also become methods of 'disruption' used against political activists, such as members of the Occupy Movement. Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless. Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "paragraph_answer": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth <hl> from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes <hl> has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Poverty and homelessness have also become methods of 'disruption' used against political activists, such as members of the Occupy Movement. Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless. Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "sentence_answer": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth <hl> from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes <hl> has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5462b22cd4dfcfbce6a"}
{"question": "What is the name of the weekly feature?", "paragraph": "For more than 20 years the paper has published a separate Scottish edition, which has been edited since January 2012 by Jason Allardyce. While most of the articles that run in the English edition appear in the Scottish edition, its award-winning staff also produces about a dozen Scottish news stories, including a front page article, most weeks. The edition also contains a weekly \"Scottish Focus\" feature and Scottish commentary, and covers Scottish sport in addition to providing Scottish television schedules. The Scottish issue is the biggest-selling quality newspaper in the market, outselling both Scotland on Sunday and the Sunday Herald.[citation needed]", "answer": "\"Scottish Focus\"", "sentence": "The edition also contains a weekly \"Scottish Focus\" feature and Scottish commentary, and covers Scottish sport in addition to providing Scottish television schedules.", "paragraph_sentence": "For more than 20 years the paper has published a separate Scottish edition, which has been edited since January 2012 by Jason Allardyce. While most of the articles that run in the English edition appear in the Scottish edition, its award-winning staff also produces about a dozen Scottish news stories, including a front page article, most weeks. <hl> The edition also contains a weekly \"Scottish Focus\" feature and Scottish commentary, and covers Scottish sport in addition to providing Scottish television schedules. <hl> The Scottish issue is the biggest-selling quality newspaper in the market, outselling both Scotland on Sunday and the Sunday Herald.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "For more than 20 years the paper has published a separate Scottish edition, which has been edited since January 2012 by Jason Allardyce. While most of the articles that run in the English edition appear in the Scottish edition, its award-winning staff also produces about a dozen Scottish news stories, including a front page article, most weeks. The edition also contains a weekly <hl> \"Scottish Focus\" <hl> feature and Scottish commentary, and covers Scottish sport in addition to providing Scottish television schedules. The Scottish issue is the biggest-selling quality newspaper in the market, outselling both Scotland on Sunday and the Sunday Herald.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The edition also contains a weekly <hl> \"Scottish Focus\" <hl> feature and Scottish commentary, and covers Scottish sport in addition to providing Scottish television schedules.", "paragraph_id": "5d67536d2b22cd4dfcfbf703"}
{"question": "Which direction does poleward refer to in the Northern Hemisphere?", "paragraph": "Extratropical cyclones can bring cold and dangerous conditions with heavy rain and snow with winds exceeding 119 km/h (74 mph), (sometimes referred to as windstorms in Europe). The band of precipitation that is associated with their warm front is often extensive, forced by weak upward vertical motion of air over the frontal boundary which condenses as it cools and produces precipitation within an elongated band, which is wide and stratiform, meaning falling out of nimbostratus clouds.  When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass, overrunning snow can result within the poleward side of the elongated precipitation band.  In the Northern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the North Pole, or north.  Within the Southern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the South Pole, or south.", "answer": "towards the North Pole", "sentence": " In the Northern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the North Pole , or north.", "paragraph_sentence": "Extratropical cyclones can bring cold and dangerous conditions with heavy rain and snow with winds exceeding 119 km/h (74 mph), (sometimes referred to as windstorms in Europe). The band of precipitation that is associated with their warm front is often extensive, forced by weak upward vertical motion of air over the frontal boundary which condenses as it cools and produces precipitation within an elongated band, which is wide and stratiform, meaning falling out of nimbostratus clouds. When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass, overrunning snow can result within the poleward side of the elongated precipitation band. <hl> In the Northern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the North Pole , or north. <hl> Within the Southern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the South Pole, or south.", "paragraph_answer": "Extratropical cyclones can bring cold and dangerous conditions with heavy rain and snow with winds exceeding 119 km/h (74 mph), (sometimes referred to as windstorms in Europe). The band of precipitation that is associated with their warm front is often extensive, forced by weak upward vertical motion of air over the frontal boundary which condenses as it cools and produces precipitation within an elongated band, which is wide and stratiform, meaning falling out of nimbostratus clouds. When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass, overrunning snow can result within the poleward side of the elongated precipitation band. In the Northern Hemisphere, poleward is <hl> towards the North Pole <hl>, or north. Within the Southern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the South Pole, or south.", "sentence_answer": " In the Northern Hemisphere, poleward is <hl> towards the North Pole <hl> , or north.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f06e2b22cd4dfcfbe675"}
{"question": "What beat per minute interval is drum and bass usually between?", "paragraph": "Drum and bass is usually between 160\u2013180 BPM, in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM. A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155\u2013165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170\u2013180 range. Recently some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150s and 160s), but the mid-170 tempo is still the hallmark of the drum and bass sound.", "answer": "160\u2013180 BPM", "sentence": "Drum and bass is usually between 160\u2013180 BPM , in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Drum and bass is usually between 160\u2013180 BPM , in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM. <hl> A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155\u2013165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170\u2013180 range. Recently some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150s and 160s), but the mid-170 tempo is still the hallmark of the drum and bass sound.", "paragraph_answer": "Drum and bass is usually between <hl> 160\u2013180 BPM <hl>, in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM. A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155\u2013165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170\u2013180 range. Recently some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150s and 160s), but the mid-170 tempo is still the hallmark of the drum and bass sound.", "sentence_answer": "Drum and bass is usually between <hl> 160\u2013180 BPM <hl> , in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fd2f2b22cd4dfcfbd4f0"}
{"question": "What team is based in the European section of the city?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "answer": "Galatasaray S.K.", "sentence": "Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, <hl> Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. <hl> Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's <hl> Galatasaray S.K. <hl> and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul's <hl> Galatasaray S.K. <hl> and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ef992b22cd4dfcfbd322"}
{"question": "Which departments did Istanbul University establish in the 19th century?", "paragraph": "Istanbul University, founded in 1453, is the oldest Turkish educational institution in the city. Although originally an Islamic school, the university established law, medicine, and science departments in the 19th century and was secularized after the founding of the Turkish Republic. Istanbul Technical University, founded in 1773 as the Royal School of Naval Engineering, is the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences. These public universities are two of just eight across the city; other prominent state universities in Istanbul include the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, which served as Turkey's primary institution of art until the 1970s, and Marmara University, the country's third-largest institution of higher learning.", "answer": "law, medicine, and science departments", "sentence": "Although originally an Islamic school, the university established law, medicine, and science departments in the 19th century and was secularized after the founding of the Turkish Republic.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul University, founded in 1453, is the oldest Turkish educational institution in the city. <hl> Although originally an Islamic school, the university established law, medicine, and science departments in the 19th century and was secularized after the founding of the Turkish Republic. <hl> Istanbul Technical University, founded in 1773 as the Royal School of Naval Engineering, is the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences. These public universities are two of just eight across the city; other prominent state universities in Istanbul include the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, which served as Turkey's primary institution of art until the 1970s, and Marmara University, the country's third-largest institution of higher learning.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul University, founded in 1453, is the oldest Turkish educational institution in the city. Although originally an Islamic school, the university established <hl> law, medicine, and science departments <hl> in the 19th century and was secularized after the founding of the Turkish Republic. Istanbul Technical University, founded in 1773 as the Royal School of Naval Engineering, is the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences. These public universities are two of just eight across the city; other prominent state universities in Istanbul include the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, which served as Turkey's primary institution of art until the 1970s, and Marmara University, the country's third-largest institution of higher learning.", "sentence_answer": "Although originally an Islamic school, the university established <hl> law, medicine, and science departments <hl> in the 19th century and was secularized after the founding of the Turkish Republic.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f6c62b22cd4dfcfbd441"}
{"question": "Why did Thomson sell to Murdoch?", "paragraph": "Although journalists at The Times had been on full pay during the suspension, they went on strike demanding more money after production was resumed. Kenneth Thomson, the head of the company, felt betrayed and decided to sell. Evans tried to organise a management buyout of The Sunday Times, but Thomson decided instead to sell to Rupert Murdoch, who he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions.", "answer": "he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions.", "sentence": "Evans tried to organise a management buyout of The Sunday Times, but Thomson decided instead to sell to Rupert Murdoch, who he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Although journalists at The Times had been on full pay during the suspension, they went on strike demanding more money after production was resumed. Kenneth Thomson, the head of the company, felt betrayed and decided to sell. <hl> Evans tried to organise a management buyout of The Sunday Times, but Thomson decided instead to sell to Rupert Murdoch, who he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Although journalists at The Times had been on full pay during the suspension, they went on strike demanding more money after production was resumed. Kenneth Thomson, the head of the company, felt betrayed and decided to sell. Evans tried to organise a management buyout of The Sunday Times, but Thomson decided instead to sell to Rupert Murdoch, who <hl> he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "Evans tried to organise a management buyout of The Sunday Times, but Thomson decided instead to sell to Rupert Murdoch, who <hl> he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6775442b22cd4dfcfbfc98"}
{"question": "What percentage of Hispanic votes did John McCain win in 2008?", "paragraph": "In recent decades, Republicans have been moderately successful in gaining support from Hispanic and Asian American voters. George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. The party's strong anti-communist stance has made it popular among some minority groups from current and former Communist states, in particular Cuban Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, and Vietnamese Americans. The election of Bobby Jindal as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking. He is the first elected minority governor in Louisiana and the first state governor of Indian descent. In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. In the 2010 House election, Republicans won 60% of the white votes, 38% of Hispanic votes, and 9% of the African American vote. According to John Avlon in 2013, the Republican party is more diverse at the statewide elected official level than the Democratic Party, including Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval and South Carolina Senator Tim Scott.", "answer": "31%", "sentence": "In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent decades, Republicans have been moderately successful in gaining support from Hispanic and Asian American voters. George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. The party's strong anti-communist stance has made it popular among some minority groups from current and former Communist states, in particular Cuban Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, and Vietnamese Americans. The election of Bobby Jindal as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking. He is the first elected minority governor in Louisiana and the first state governor of Indian descent. <hl> In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. <hl> In the 2010 House election, Republicans won 60% of the white votes, 38% of Hispanic votes, and 9% of the African American vote. According to John Avlon in 2013, the Republican party is more diverse at the statewide elected official level than the Democratic Party, including Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval and South Carolina Senator Tim Scott.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent decades, Republicans have been moderately successful in gaining support from Hispanic and Asian American voters. George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. The party's strong anti-communist stance has made it popular among some minority groups from current and former Communist states, in particular Cuban Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, and Vietnamese Americans. The election of Bobby Jindal as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking. He is the first elected minority governor in Louisiana and the first state governor of Indian descent. In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, <hl> 31% <hl> of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. In the 2010 House election, Republicans won 60% of the white votes, 38% of Hispanic votes, and 9% of the African American vote. According to John Avlon in 2013, the Republican party is more diverse at the statewide elected official level than the Democratic Party, including Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval and South Carolina Senator Tim Scott.", "sentence_answer": "In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, <hl> 31% <hl> of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes.", "paragraph_id": "5d6716192b22cd4dfcfbeec8"}
{"question": "What is the Sierra Nevada snowpack a a significant source of for California?", "paragraph": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California.  Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century,  Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "answer": "electric power generation", "sentence": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. <hl> Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of <hl> electric power generation <hl> in California. Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of <hl> electric power generation <hl> in California.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5582b22cd4dfcfbe79c"}
{"question": "What is a function as a ordered pair a type of?", "paragraph": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "answer": "correspondence", "sentence": "Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets.", "paragraph_sentence": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. <hl> Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. <hl> The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "paragraph_answer": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a <hl> correspondence <hl> is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "sentence_answer": "Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a <hl> correspondence <hl> is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets.", "paragraph_id": "5d66be882b22cd4dfcfbe49a"}
{"question": "What was the name of the problematic guideline?", "paragraph": "In recent years the operational definition of insurance presented at the beginning of this article proved inadequate as a result of contracts that had the form but not the substance of insurance.  The essence of insurance is the transfer of risk from the insured to one or more insurers.  How much risk a contract actually transfers proved to be at the heart of the controversy. This issue arose most clearly in reinsurance, where the use of Financial Reinsurance to reengineer insurer balance sheets under US GAAP became fashionable during the 1980s.  The accounting profession raised serious concerns about the use of reinsurance in which little if any actual risk was transferred, and went on to address the issue in FAS 113, cited above.  While on its face, FAS 113 is limited to accounting for reinsurance transactions, the guidance it contains is generally conceded to be equally applicable to US GAAP accounting for insurance transactions executed by commercial enterprises.", "answer": "FAS 113", "sentence": " The accounting profession raised serious concerns about the use of reinsurance in which little if any actual risk was transferred, and went on to address the issue in FAS 113 , cited above.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years the operational definition of insurance presented at the beginning of this article proved inadequate as a result of contracts that had the form but not the substance of insurance. The essence of insurance is the transfer of risk from the insured to one or more insurers. How much risk a contract actually transfers proved to be at the heart of the controversy. This issue arose most clearly in reinsurance, where the use of Financial Reinsurance to reengineer insurer balance sheets under US GAAP became fashionable during the 1980s. <hl> The accounting profession raised serious concerns about the use of reinsurance in which little if any actual risk was transferred, and went on to address the issue in FAS 113 , cited above. <hl> While on its face, FAS 113 is limited to accounting for reinsurance transactions, the guidance it contains is generally conceded to be equally applicable to US GAAP accounting for insurance transactions executed by commercial enterprises.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years the operational definition of insurance presented at the beginning of this article proved inadequate as a result of contracts that had the form but not the substance of insurance. The essence of insurance is the transfer of risk from the insured to one or more insurers. How much risk a contract actually transfers proved to be at the heart of the controversy. This issue arose most clearly in reinsurance, where the use of Financial Reinsurance to reengineer insurer balance sheets under US GAAP became fashionable during the 1980s. The accounting profession raised serious concerns about the use of reinsurance in which little if any actual risk was transferred, and went on to address the issue in <hl> FAS 113 <hl>, cited above. While on its face, FAS 113 is limited to accounting for reinsurance transactions, the guidance it contains is generally conceded to be equally applicable to US GAAP accounting for insurance transactions executed by commercial enterprises.", "sentence_answer": " The accounting profession raised serious concerns about the use of reinsurance in which little if any actual risk was transferred, and went on to address the issue in <hl> FAS 113 <hl> , cited above.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6c92b22cd4dfcfbccbe"}
{"question": "Where on the mountain does orographic precipiitation usually happen?", "paragraph": "Orographic precipitation occurs on the windward side of mountains and is caused by the rising air motion of a large-scale flow of moist air across the mountain ridge, resulting in adiabatic cooling and condensation.  In mountainous parts of the world subjected to relatively consistent winds (for example, the trade winds), a more moist climate usually prevails on the windward side of a mountain than on the leeward or downwind side. Moisture is removed by orographic lift, leaving drier air (see katabatic wind) on the descending and generally warming, leeward side where a rain shadow is observed.", "answer": "the windward side of a mountain", "sentence": " In mountainous parts of the world subjected to relatively consistent winds (for example, the trade winds), a more moist climate usually prevails on the windward side of a mountain than on the leeward or downwind side.", "paragraph_sentence": "Orographic precipitation occurs on the windward side of mountains and is caused by the rising air motion of a large-scale flow of moist air across the mountain ridge, resulting in adiabatic cooling and condensation. <hl> In mountainous parts of the world subjected to relatively consistent winds (for example, the trade winds), a more moist climate usually prevails on the windward side of a mountain than on the leeward or downwind side. <hl> Moisture is removed by orographic lift, leaving drier air (see katabatic wind) on the descending and generally warming, leeward side where a rain shadow is observed.", "paragraph_answer": "Orographic precipitation occurs on the windward side of mountains and is caused by the rising air motion of a large-scale flow of moist air across the mountain ridge, resulting in adiabatic cooling and condensation. In mountainous parts of the world subjected to relatively consistent winds (for example, the trade winds), a more moist climate usually prevails on <hl> the windward side of a mountain <hl> than on the leeward or downwind side. Moisture is removed by orographic lift, leaving drier air (see katabatic wind) on the descending and generally warming, leeward side where a rain shadow is observed.", "sentence_answer": " In mountainous parts of the world subjected to relatively consistent winds (for example, the trade winds), a more moist climate usually prevails on <hl> the windward side of a mountain <hl> than on the leeward or downwind side.", "paragraph_id": "5d6783d52b22cd4dfcfbfddc"}
{"question": "What major food staple contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, due to it's dietary salt intake?", "paragraph": "High dietary intakes of saturated fat, trans-fats and salt, and low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish are linked to cardiovascular risk, although whether all these associations are a cause is disputed. The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. The amount of dietary salt consumed is also an important determinant of blood pressure levels and overall cardiovascular risk. Frequent consumption of high-energy foods, such as processed foods that are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity and may increase cardiovascular risk.  High trans-fat intake has adverse effects on blood lipids and circulating inflammatory markers, and elimination of trans-fat from diets has been widely advocated. \nThere is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids, and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "answer": "processed meats", "sentence": "High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "paragraph_sentence": "High dietary intakes of saturated fat, trans-fats and salt, and low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish are linked to cardiovascular risk, although whether all these associations are a cause is disputed. The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. The amount of dietary salt consumed is also an important determinant of blood pressure levels and overall cardiovascular risk. Frequent consumption of high-energy foods, such as processed foods that are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity and may increase cardiovascular risk. High trans-fat intake has adverse effects on blood lipids and circulating inflammatory markers, and elimination of trans-fat from diets has been widely advocated. There is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids, and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. <hl> High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "High dietary intakes of saturated fat, trans-fats and salt, and low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish are linked to cardiovascular risk, although whether all these associations are a cause is disputed. The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. The amount of dietary salt consumed is also an important determinant of blood pressure levels and overall cardiovascular risk. Frequent consumption of high-energy foods, such as processed foods that are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity and may increase cardiovascular risk. High trans-fat intake has adverse effects on blood lipids and circulating inflammatory markers, and elimination of trans-fat from diets has been widely advocated. There is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids, and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. High consumption of <hl> processed meats <hl> is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "sentence_answer": "High consumption of <hl> processed meats <hl> is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0de2b22cd4dfcfbcb80"}
{"question": "what was one of the important observatioins ?", "paragraph": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "answer": "Partisans were courageous", "sentence": "The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support.", "paragraph_sentence": "His reports contained two important observations. <hl> The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. <hl> The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "paragraph_answer": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the <hl> Partisans were courageous <hl> and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "sentence_answer": "The first was that the <hl> Partisans were courageous <hl> and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support.", "paragraph_id": "5d680c4b2b22cd4dfcfc0524"}
{"question": "Landlords were exploited by greedy owners that they nicknamed what?", "paragraph": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "answer": "\"cockroach landlords\"", "sentence": "Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants.", "paragraph_sentence": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. <hl> Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. <hl> By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "paragraph_answer": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with <hl> \"cockroach landlords\" <hl> exploiting the new immigrants. By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "sentence_answer": "Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with <hl> \"cockroach landlords\" <hl> exploiting the new immigrants.", "paragraph_id": "5d673ba22b22cd4dfcfbf37c"}
{"question": "What is also known as armamentarium?", "paragraph": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ;  equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "answer": "Medical equipment", "sentence": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. <hl> There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Medical equipment <hl> (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Medical equipment <hl> (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions.", "paragraph_id": "5d678dc62b22cd4dfcfbfe76"}
{"question": "Who conducted a study in 2004 that timed how long before infection?", "paragraph": "A study conducted by Kevin Mitnick and marketing communications firm Avantgarde in 2004, found that an unprotected and unpatched Windows XP system with Service Pack 1 lasted only 4 minutes on the Internet before it was compromised, and an unprotected and also unpatched Windows Server 2003 system was compromised after being connected to the internet for 8 hours. The computer that was running Windows XP Service Pack 2 was not compromised. The AOL National Cyber Security Alliance Online Safety Study of October 2004, determined that 80% of Windows users were infected by at least one spyware/adware product.[citation needed] Much documentation is available describing how to increase the security of Microsoft Windows products. Typical suggestions include deploying Microsoft Windows behind a hardware or software firewall, running anti-virus and anti-spyware software, and installing patches as they become available through Windows Update.", "answer": "Kevin Mitnick and marketing communications firm Avantgarde", "sentence": "A study conducted by Kevin Mitnick and marketing communications firm Avantgarde in 2004, found that an unprotected and unpatched Windows XP system with Service Pack 1 lasted only 4 minutes on the Internet before it was compromised, and an unprotected and also unpatched Windows Server 2003 system was compromised after being connected to the internet for 8 hours.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A study conducted by Kevin Mitnick and marketing communications firm Avantgarde in 2004, found that an unprotected and unpatched Windows XP system with Service Pack 1 lasted only 4 minutes on the Internet before it was compromised, and an unprotected and also unpatched Windows Server 2003 system was compromised after being connected to the internet for 8 hours. <hl> The computer that was running Windows XP Service Pack 2 was not compromised. The AOL National Cyber Security Alliance Online Safety Study of October 2004, determined that 80% of Windows users were infected by at least one spyware/adware product.[citation needed] Much documentation is available describing how to increase the security of Microsoft Windows products. Typical suggestions include deploying Microsoft Windows behind a hardware or software firewall, running anti-virus and anti-spyware software, and installing patches as they become available through Windows Update.", "paragraph_answer": "A study conducted by <hl> Kevin Mitnick and marketing communications firm Avantgarde <hl> in 2004, found that an unprotected and unpatched Windows XP system with Service Pack 1 lasted only 4 minutes on the Internet before it was compromised, and an unprotected and also unpatched Windows Server 2003 system was compromised after being connected to the internet for 8 hours. The computer that was running Windows XP Service Pack 2 was not compromised. The AOL National Cyber Security Alliance Online Safety Study of October 2004, determined that 80% of Windows users were infected by at least one spyware/adware product.[citation needed] Much documentation is available describing how to increase the security of Microsoft Windows products. Typical suggestions include deploying Microsoft Windows behind a hardware or software firewall, running anti-virus and anti-spyware software, and installing patches as they become available through Windows Update.", "sentence_answer": "A study conducted by <hl> Kevin Mitnick and marketing communications firm Avantgarde <hl> in 2004, found that an unprotected and unpatched Windows XP system with Service Pack 1 lasted only 4 minutes on the Internet before it was compromised, and an unprotected and also unpatched Windows Server 2003 system was compromised after being connected to the internet for 8 hours.", "paragraph_id": "5d6733fd2b22cd4dfcfbf276"}
{"question": "What does a virtual image attempting to be projected appear like to an observer looking through the lens?", "paragraph": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "answer": "a real object at the location of that virtual image", "sentence": "Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image .", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. <hl> Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image . <hl> Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were <hl> a real object at the location of that virtual image <hl>. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were <hl> a real object at the location of that virtual image <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d678dbe2b22cd4dfcfbfe70"}
{"question": "Cite three of the main Manipuri insurgent groups", "paragraph": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "answer": "UNLF, PLA and PREPAK", "sentence": "Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK , Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "paragraph_sentence": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. <hl> Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK , Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than <hl> UNLF, PLA and PREPAK <hl>, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "sentence_answer": "Other than <hl> UNLF, PLA and PREPAK <hl> , Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "paragraph_id": "5d6837d12b22cd4dfcfc0696"}
{"question": "Who attacked the Second New Deal", "paragraph": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "answer": "The Old Right", "sentence": "The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. <hl> The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. <hl> Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "paragraph_answer": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. <hl> The Old Right <hl> sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Old Right <hl> sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6741d02b22cd4dfcfbf420"}
{"question": "What is the fourth leading cause of mortality?", "paragraph": "Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide.  In 2008, 31.3% of adults aged 15 or older (28.2% men and 34.4% women) were insufficiently physically active.  \nThe risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost a third in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent). In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. These effects may, at least in part, explain its cardiovascular benefits.", "answer": "Insufficient physical activity", "sentence": "Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. <hl> In 2008, 31.3% of adults aged 15 or older (28.2% men and 34.4% women) were insufficiently physically active. The risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost a third in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent). In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. These effects may, at least in part, explain its cardiovascular benefits.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Insufficient physical activity <hl> (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. In 2008, 31.3% of adults aged 15 or older (28.2% men and 34.4% women) were insufficiently physically active. The risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost a third in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent). In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. These effects may, at least in part, explain its cardiovascular benefits.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Insufficient physical activity <hl> (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0282b22cd4dfcfbcb5f"}
{"question": "Since when do most saxophones have keytouches?", "paragraph": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.  Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "answer": "1920", "sentence": "Since 1920 , most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. <hl> Since 1920 , most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. <hl> Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "paragraph_answer": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since <hl> 1920 <hl>, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "sentence_answer": "Since <hl> 1920 <hl> , most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.", "paragraph_id": "5d6767b52b22cd4dfcfbfa1f"}
{"question": "How many colonists from Spain came to the area now known as the United States in January 1526?", "paragraph": "The first enslaved Africans to reach what would become the United States arrived in January 1526 as part of a Spanish attempt to colonize South Carolina near Jamestown. By November the 300 Spanish colonists were reduced to 100, and their slaves from 100 to 70[why?]. The enslaved people revolted and joined a nearby Native American tribe, while the Spanish abandoned the colony altogether. Colombia received its first enslaved people in 1533. El Salvador, Costa Rica and Florida began their stints in the slave trade in 1541, 1563 and 1581, respectively.", "answer": "300", "sentence": "By November the 300 Spanish colonists were reduced to 100, and their slaves from 100 to 70[why?].", "paragraph_sentence": "The first enslaved Africans to reach what would become the United States arrived in January 1526 as part of a Spanish attempt to colonize South Carolina near Jamestown. <hl> By November the 300 Spanish colonists were reduced to 100, and their slaves from 100 to 70[why?]. <hl> The enslaved people revolted and joined a nearby Native American tribe, while the Spanish abandoned the colony altogether. Colombia received its first enslaved people in 1533. El Salvador, Costa Rica and Florida began their stints in the slave trade in 1541, 1563 and 1581, respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "The first enslaved Africans to reach what would become the United States arrived in January 1526 as part of a Spanish attempt to colonize South Carolina near Jamestown. By November the <hl> 300 <hl> Spanish colonists were reduced to 100, and their slaves from 100 to 70[why?]. The enslaved people revolted and joined a nearby Native American tribe, while the Spanish abandoned the colony altogether. Colombia received its first enslaved people in 1533. El Salvador, Costa Rica and Florida began their stints in the slave trade in 1541, 1563 and 1581, respectively.", "sentence_answer": "By November the <hl> 300 <hl> Spanish colonists were reduced to 100, and their slaves from 100 to 70[why?].", "paragraph_id": "5d65dbf52b22cd4dfcfbcf53"}
{"question": "Who is Veritas?", "paragraph": "Many organizations today have Latin mottos, such as \"Semper paratus\" (always ready), the motto of the United States Coast Guard, and \"Semper fidelis\" (always faithful), the motto of the United States Marine Corps. Several of the states of the United States also have Latin mottos, such as \"Qui transtulit sustinet\" (\"He who transplanted still sustains\"), the state motto of Connecticut; \"Ad astra per aspera\" (\"To the stars through hardships\"), that of Kansas; \"Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam, circumspice\" (\"If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you\"), that of Michigan; \"Salus populi suprema lex esto\" (\"The health of the people should be the highest law\"), that of Missouri; \"Esse quam videri\" (To be rather than to seem), that of North Carolina; \"Sic semper tyrannis\" (Thus always for tyrants), that of Virginia; and \"Montani semper liberi\" (Mountaineers are always free), that of West Virginia. Another Latin motto is \"Per ardua ad astra\" (Through adversity/struggle to the stars), the motto of the Royal Air Force (RAF). Some schools adopt Latin mottos, for example Harvard University's motto is \"Veritas\" meaning (truth). Veritas was the goddess of truth, a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue.", "answer": "goddess of truth,", "sentence": "Veritas was the goddess of truth, a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many organizations today have Latin mottos, such as \"Semper paratus\" (always ready), the motto of the United States Coast Guard, and \"Semper fidelis\" (always faithful), the motto of the United States Marine Corps. Several of the states of the United States also have Latin mottos, such as \"Qui transtulit sustinet\" (\"He who transplanted still sustains\"), the state motto of Connecticut; \"Ad astra per aspera\" (\"To the stars through hardships\"), that of Kansas; \"Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam, circumspice\" (\"If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you\"), that of Michigan; \"Salus populi suprema lex esto\" (\"The health of the people should be the highest law\"), that of Missouri; \"Esse quam videri\" (To be rather than to seem), that of North Carolina; \"Sic semper tyrannis\" (Thus always for tyrants), that of Virginia; and \"Montani semper liberi\" (Mountaineers are always free), that of West Virginia. Another Latin motto is \"Per ardua ad astra\" (Through adversity/struggle to the stars), the motto of the Royal Air Force (RAF). Some schools adopt Latin mottos, for example Harvard University's motto is \"Veritas\" meaning (truth). <hl> Veritas was the goddess of truth, a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many organizations today have Latin mottos, such as \"Semper paratus\" (always ready), the motto of the United States Coast Guard, and \"Semper fidelis\" (always faithful), the motto of the United States Marine Corps. Several of the states of the United States also have Latin mottos, such as \"Qui transtulit sustinet\" (\"He who transplanted still sustains\"), the state motto of Connecticut; \"Ad astra per aspera\" (\"To the stars through hardships\"), that of Kansas; \"Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam, circumspice\" (\"If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you\"), that of Michigan; \"Salus populi suprema lex esto\" (\"The health of the people should be the highest law\"), that of Missouri; \"Esse quam videri\" (To be rather than to seem), that of North Carolina; \"Sic semper tyrannis\" (Thus always for tyrants), that of Virginia; and \"Montani semper liberi\" (Mountaineers are always free), that of West Virginia. Another Latin motto is \"Per ardua ad astra\" (Through adversity/struggle to the stars), the motto of the Royal Air Force (RAF). Some schools adopt Latin mottos, for example Harvard University's motto is \"Veritas\" meaning (truth). Veritas was the <hl> goddess of truth, <hl> a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue.", "sentence_answer": "Veritas was the <hl> goddess of truth, <hl> a daughter of Saturn, and the mother of Virtue.", "paragraph_id": "5d6603532b22cd4dfcfbd58c"}
{"question": "What does G-Spec stand for?", "paragraph": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "answer": "government specification", "sentence": "Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \" government specification \") flags.", "paragraph_sentence": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. <hl> Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \" government specification \") flags. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"<hl> government specification <hl>\") flags.", "sentence_answer": "Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \" <hl> government specification <hl> \") flags.", "paragraph_id": "5d666cb92b22cd4dfcfbde9c"}
{"question": "What group controlled the local church?", "paragraph": "In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were planters who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige. They controlled the local Anglican church, choosing ministers and handling church property and disbursing local charity. They sought initially obtained election to the house of purchases, or appointment has justice of the peace.  About 60 percent of white Virginians were part of a broad middle class that owns substantial farms; By the second generation, death rates from malaria and other local diseases had declined so much that a stable family structure was possible. The bottom third owned no land, and verged on poverty. Many were recent arrivals, are recently released from indentured servitude.  In some districts (near present-day Washington DC) 70 percent of the land was owned by a handful of families, and three fourths of the whites had no land at all. In the frontier districts, large numbers of Irish and German Protestants had settled, often moving down from Pennsylvania. Tobacco was not important there; farmers focused on hemp, grain, cattle, and horses. Entrepreneurs had begun to mine and smelt the local iron ores.", "answer": "planters", "sentence": "In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were planters who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were planters who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige. <hl> They controlled the local Anglican church, choosing ministers and handling church property and disbursing local charity. They sought initially obtained election to the house of purchases, or appointment has justice of the peace. About 60 percent of white Virginians were part of a broad middle class that owns substantial farms; By the second generation, death rates from malaria and other local diseases had declined so much that a stable family structure was possible. The bottom third owned no land, and verged on poverty. Many were recent arrivals, are recently released from indentured servitude. In some districts (near present-day Washington DC) 70 percent of the land was owned by a handful of families, and three fourths of the whites had no land at all. In the frontier districts, large numbers of Irish and German Protestants had settled, often moving down from Pennsylvania. Tobacco was not important there; farmers focused on hemp, grain, cattle, and horses. Entrepreneurs had begun to mine and smelt the local iron ores.", "paragraph_answer": "In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were <hl> planters <hl> who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige. They controlled the local Anglican church, choosing ministers and handling church property and disbursing local charity. They sought initially obtained election to the house of purchases, or appointment has justice of the peace. About 60 percent of white Virginians were part of a broad middle class that owns substantial farms; By the second generation, death rates from malaria and other local diseases had declined so much that a stable family structure was possible. The bottom third owned no land, and verged on poverty. Many were recent arrivals, are recently released from indentured servitude. In some districts (near present-day Washington DC) 70 percent of the land was owned by a handful of families, and three fourths of the whites had no land at all. In the frontier districts, large numbers of Irish and German Protestants had settled, often moving down from Pennsylvania. Tobacco was not important there; farmers focused on hemp, grain, cattle, and horses. Entrepreneurs had begun to mine and smelt the local iron ores.", "sentence_answer": "In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were <hl> planters <hl> who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige.", "paragraph_id": "5d661f282b22cd4dfcfbd95c"}
{"question": "Who was Adolph Sax?", "paragraph": "The saxophone was developed in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, a Belgian instrument maker, flautist, and clarinetist born in Dinant and originally based in Brussels, he moved to Paris in 1842 to establish his musical instrument business.   Prior to his work on the saxophone, he had made several improvements to the bass clarinet by improving its keywork and acoustics and extending its lower range. Sax was also a maker of the then-popular ophicleide, a large conical brass instrument in the bass register with keys similar to a woodwind instrument. His experience with these two instruments allowed him to develop the skills and technologies needed to make the first saxophones.  As an outgrowth of his work improving the bass clarinet,  Sax began developing an instrument with the projection of a brass instrument and the agility of a woodwind. He wanted it to overblow at the octave, unlike the clarinet, which rises in pitch by a twelfth when overblown. An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers.", "answer": "a Belgian instrument maker", "sentence": "The saxophone was developed in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, a Belgian instrument maker , flautist, and clarinetist born in Dinant and originally based in Brussels, he moved to Paris in 1842 to establish his musical instrument business.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The saxophone was developed in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, a Belgian instrument maker , flautist, and clarinetist born in Dinant and originally based in Brussels, he moved to Paris in 1842 to establish his musical instrument business. <hl> Prior to his work on the saxophone, he had made several improvements to the bass clarinet by improving its keywork and acoustics and extending its lower range. Sax was also a maker of the then-popular ophicleide, a large conical brass instrument in the bass register with keys similar to a woodwind instrument. His experience with these two instruments allowed him to develop the skills and technologies needed to make the first saxophones. As an outgrowth of his work improving the bass clarinet, Sax began developing an instrument with the projection of a brass instrument and the agility of a woodwind. He wanted it to overblow at the octave, unlike the clarinet, which rises in pitch by a twelfth when overblown. An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers.", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone was developed in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, <hl> a Belgian instrument maker <hl>, flautist, and clarinetist born in Dinant and originally based in Brussels, he moved to Paris in 1842 to establish his musical instrument business. Prior to his work on the saxophone, he had made several improvements to the bass clarinet by improving its keywork and acoustics and extending its lower range. Sax was also a maker of the then-popular ophicleide, a large conical brass instrument in the bass register with keys similar to a woodwind instrument. His experience with these two instruments allowed him to develop the skills and technologies needed to make the first saxophones. As an outgrowth of his work improving the bass clarinet, Sax began developing an instrument with the projection of a brass instrument and the agility of a woodwind. He wanted it to overblow at the octave, unlike the clarinet, which rises in pitch by a twelfth when overblown. An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers.", "sentence_answer": "The saxophone was developed in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, <hl> a Belgian instrument maker <hl> , flautist, and clarinetist born in Dinant and originally based in Brussels, he moved to Paris in 1842 to establish his musical instrument business.", "paragraph_id": "5d6746742b22cd4dfcfbf4b6"}
{"question": "When was the Triglavka cap worn?", "paragraph": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "answer": "From 1942 till after 1944", "sentence": "From 1942 till after 1944 , they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. <hl> From 1942 till after 1944 , they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. <hl> In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. <hl> From 1942 till after 1944 <hl>, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> From 1942 till after 1944 <hl> , they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform.", "paragraph_id": "5d67971f2b22cd4dfcfbfea5"}
{"question": "In which hall was the United States Bill of Rights drafted?", "paragraph": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "answer": "Federal Hall", "sentence": "New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall .", "paragraph_sentence": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). <hl> New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall . <hl> Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "paragraph_answer": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at <hl> Federal Hall <hl>. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "sentence_answer": "New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at <hl> Federal Hall <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6702602b22cd4dfcfbea31"}
{"question": "How many Africans died in Africa after they were seized by slave traders??", "paragraph": "A database compiled in the late 1990s put the figure for the transatlantic slave trade at more than 11 million people. For a long time, an accepted figure was 15 million, although this has in recent years been revised down. Estimates by Patrick Manning are that about 12 million slaves entered the Atlantic trade between the 16th and 19th century, but about 1.5 million died on board ship. About 10.5 million slaves arrived in the Americas. Besides the slaves who died on the Middle Passage, more Africans likely died during the slave raids in Africa and forced marches to ports. Manning estimates that 4 million died inside Africa after capture, and many more died young. Manning's estimate covers the 12 million who were originally destined for the Atlantic, as well as the 6 million destined for Asian slave markets and the 8 million destined for African markets.", "answer": "4 million", "sentence": "Manning estimates that 4 million died inside Africa after capture, and many more died young.", "paragraph_sentence": "A database compiled in the late 1990s put the figure for the transatlantic slave trade at more than 11 million people. For a long time, an accepted figure was 15 million, although this has in recent years been revised down. Estimates by Patrick Manning are that about 12 million slaves entered the Atlantic trade between the 16th and 19th century, but about 1.5 million died on board ship. About 10.5 million slaves arrived in the Americas. Besides the slaves who died on the Middle Passage, more Africans likely died during the slave raids in Africa and forced marches to ports. <hl> Manning estimates that 4 million died inside Africa after capture, and many more died young. <hl> Manning's estimate covers the 12 million who were originally destined for the Atlantic, as well as the 6 million destined for Asian slave markets and the 8 million destined for African markets.", "paragraph_answer": "A database compiled in the late 1990s put the figure for the transatlantic slave trade at more than 11 million people. For a long time, an accepted figure was 15 million, although this has in recent years been revised down. Estimates by Patrick Manning are that about 12 million slaves entered the Atlantic trade between the 16th and 19th century, but about 1.5 million died on board ship. About 10.5 million slaves arrived in the Americas. Besides the slaves who died on the Middle Passage, more Africans likely died during the slave raids in Africa and forced marches to ports. Manning estimates that <hl> 4 million <hl> died inside Africa after capture, and many more died young. Manning's estimate covers the 12 million who were originally destined for the Atlantic, as well as the 6 million destined for Asian slave markets and the 8 million destined for African markets.", "sentence_answer": "Manning estimates that <hl> 4 million <hl> died inside Africa after capture, and many more died young.", "paragraph_id": "5d6647712b22cd4dfcfbdbe2"}
{"question": "What may be the set of pair integers such that the first one is less than the second?", "paragraph": "The interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol is a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse. This means that, given an interpretation, a predicate symbol, and n elements of the domain of discourse, one can tell whether the predicate is true of those elements according to the given interpretation. For example, an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P may be the set of pairs of integers such that the first one is less than the second. According to this interpretation, the predicate P would be true if its first argument is less than the second.", "answer": "an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P", "sentence": "For example, an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P may be the set of pairs of integers such that the first one is less than the second.", "paragraph_sentence": "The interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol is a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse. This means that, given an interpretation, a predicate symbol, and n elements of the domain of discourse, one can tell whether the predicate is true of those elements according to the given interpretation. <hl> For example, an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P may be the set of pairs of integers such that the first one is less than the second. <hl> According to this interpretation, the predicate P would be true if its first argument is less than the second.", "paragraph_answer": "The interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol is a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse. This means that, given an interpretation, a predicate symbol, and n elements of the domain of discourse, one can tell whether the predicate is true of those elements according to the given interpretation. For example, <hl> an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P <hl> may be the set of pairs of integers such that the first one is less than the second. According to this interpretation, the predicate P would be true if its first argument is less than the second.", "sentence_answer": "For example, <hl> an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P <hl> may be the set of pairs of integers such that the first one is less than the second.", "paragraph_id": "5d6643412b22cd4dfcfbdba6"}
{"question": "At which levels do elections take place in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide. In almost all races, the two major parties have some practical advantages granted on the basis of their respective performances in the most recent election covering the same constituency. Several processes, to varying degrees internal to either a major or minor party, are in practice nearly prerequisites to being permitted mention on the provided ballots, and even more so to winning office.", "answer": "town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide", "sentence": "Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide . <hl> In almost all races, the two major parties have some practical advantages granted on the basis of their respective performances in the most recent election covering the same constituency. Several processes, to varying degrees internal to either a major or minor party, are in practice nearly prerequisites to being permitted mention on the provided ballots, and even more so to winning office.", "paragraph_answer": "Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of <hl> town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide <hl>. In almost all races, the two major parties have some practical advantages granted on the basis of their respective performances in the most recent election covering the same constituency. Several processes, to varying degrees internal to either a major or minor party, are in practice nearly prerequisites to being permitted mention on the provided ballots, and even more so to winning office.", "sentence_answer": "Elections in Connecticut take place mostly at the levels of <hl> town and/or city, state legislative districts for both houses, Congressional districts, and statewide <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66817a2b22cd4dfcfbe110"}
{"question": "What was the name of the organization which Benjamin Franklin was associated with?", "paragraph": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1735.  In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation.  Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Philadelphia Contributionship", "sentence": " In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship , which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1735. <hl> In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship , which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation. <hl> Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1735. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called <hl> the Philadelphia Contributionship <hl>, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation. Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": " In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called <hl> the Philadelphia Contributionship <hl> , which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ecbe2b22cd4dfcfbd2cc"}
{"question": "When did the hospitals appear in Egypt?", "paragraph": "According to Sir John Bagot Glubb, Syed Faride and S. M. Imamuddin, the first medical schools to issue academic degrees and diplomas were the teaching bimaristan (hospitals) of the medieval Islamic world. The first of these institutions was opened in Baghdad during the time of Harun al-Rashid. They then appeared in Egypt from 872 and then in Islamic Spain, Persia and the Maghreb thereafter. Physicians and surgeons at these hospital-universities gave lectures on medicine to medical students and then a medical diploma or degree was issued to students who were qualified to be practicing physicians.", "answer": "872", "sentence": "They then appeared in Egypt from 872 and then in Islamic Spain, Persia and the Maghreb thereafter.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Sir John Bagot Glubb, Syed Faride and S. M. Imamuddin, the first medical schools to issue academic degrees and diplomas were the teaching bimaristan (hospitals) of the medieval Islamic world. The first of these institutions was opened in Baghdad during the time of Harun al-Rashid. <hl> They then appeared in Egypt from 872 and then in Islamic Spain, Persia and the Maghreb thereafter. <hl> Physicians and surgeons at these hospital-universities gave lectures on medicine to medical students and then a medical diploma or degree was issued to students who were qualified to be practicing physicians.", "paragraph_answer": "According to Sir John Bagot Glubb, Syed Faride and S. M. Imamuddin, the first medical schools to issue academic degrees and diplomas were the teaching bimaristan (hospitals) of the medieval Islamic world. The first of these institutions was opened in Baghdad during the time of Harun al-Rashid. They then appeared in Egypt from <hl> 872 <hl> and then in Islamic Spain, Persia and the Maghreb thereafter. Physicians and surgeons at these hospital-universities gave lectures on medicine to medical students and then a medical diploma or degree was issued to students who were qualified to be practicing physicians.", "sentence_answer": "They then appeared in Egypt from <hl> 872 <hl> and then in Islamic Spain, Persia and the Maghreb thereafter.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9eb2b22cd4dfcfbd26a"}
{"question": "When did mainstream support for Win XP stop?", "paragraph": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "answer": "April 14, 2009", "sentence": "Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009 .", "paragraph_sentence": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). <hl> Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009 . <hl> Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on <hl> April 14, 2009 <hl>. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "sentence_answer": "Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on <hl> April 14, 2009 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66edda2b22cd4dfcfbe58c"}
{"question": "What did John Newton compare in his book, concerning morality?", "paragraph": "John Newton, author of Complete Conduct Principles for the 21st Century  compared the Eastern and the Western cultures about morality. As stated in Complete Conduct Principles for the 21st Century, \u201cOne of the important objectives of this book is to blend harmoniously the fine souls regarding conduct in the Eastern and the Western cultures, to take the result as the source and then to create newer and better conduct principles to suit the human society of the new century, and to introduce a lot of Chinese fine conduct spirits to the Western world. It is hoped that this helps solve lots of problems the human society of the 21st century faces, including (but not limited to the Eastern and the Western cultures) what a single culture cannot.\u201d", "answer": "Eastern and the Western cultures", "sentence": "the Eastern and the Western cultures about morality.", "paragraph_sentence": "John Newton, author of Complete Conduct Principles for the 21st Century compared <hl> the Eastern and the Western cultures about morality. <hl> As stated in Complete Conduct Principles for the 21st Century, \u201cOne of the important objectives of this book is to blend harmoniously the fine souls regarding conduct in the Eastern and the Western cultures, to take the result as the source and then to create newer and better conduct principles to suit the human society of the new century, and to introduce a lot of Chinese fine conduct spirits to the Western world. It is hoped that this helps solve lots of problems the human society of the 21st century faces, including (but not limited to the Eastern and the Western cultures) what a single culture cannot.\u201d", "paragraph_answer": "John Newton, author of Complete Conduct Principles for the 21st Century compared the <hl> Eastern and the Western cultures <hl> about morality. As stated in Complete Conduct Principles for the 21st Century, \u201cOne of the important objectives of this book is to blend harmoniously the fine souls regarding conduct in the Eastern and the Western cultures, to take the result as the source and then to create newer and better conduct principles to suit the human society of the new century, and to introduce a lot of Chinese fine conduct spirits to the Western world. It is hoped that this helps solve lots of problems the human society of the 21st century faces, including (but not limited to the Eastern and the Western cultures) what a single culture cannot.\u201d", "sentence_answer": "the <hl> Eastern and the Western cultures <hl> about morality.", "paragraph_id": "5d674ef82b22cd4dfcfbf613"}
{"question": "What is the other main issue of concern to the general public?", "paragraph": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "answer": "unemployment", "sentence": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high unemployment . <hl> Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "paragraph_answer": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high <hl> unemployment <hl>. Only 19% of the wealthy say that Washington should insure that everyone who wants to work can find a job, but 68% of the general public support that proposition. Similarly, only 8% of the rich say that the federal government should provide jobs for everyone able and willing to work who cannot find a job in private employment, but 53% of the general public thinks it should. A September 2012 survey by The Economist found those earning over $100,000 annually were twice as likely to name the budget deficit as the most important issue in deciding how they would vote than middle- or lower-income respondents. Among the general public, about 40% say unemployment is the most important issue while 25% say that the budget deficit is.", "sentence_answer": "The affluent are much less inclined than other groups of Americans to support an active role for government in addressing high <hl> unemployment <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd342b22cd4dfcfbe95f"}
{"question": "how many reported violent acts were committed?", "paragraph": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "answer": "386", "sentence": "In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. <hl> In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. <hl> The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported <hl> 386 <hl> violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "sentence_answer": "In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported <hl> 386 <hl> violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672fc2b22cd4dfcfbdf64"}
{"question": "From where did 3,000 men launch their operations?", "paragraph": "For the winter of 1778\u201379, General George Washington decided to split the Continental Army into three divisions encircling New York City, where British General Sir Henry Clinton had taken up winter quarters. Major General Israel Putnam chose Redding as the winter encampment quarters for some 3,000 regulars and militia under his command. The Redding encampment allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley. Some of the men were veterans of the winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania the previous winter. Soldiers at the Redding camp endured supply shortages, cold temperatures and significant snow, with some historians dubbing the encampment \"Connecticut's Valley Forge.\"", "answer": "Redding encampment", "sentence": "The Redding encampment allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley.", "paragraph_sentence": "For the winter of 1778\u201379, General George Washington decided to split the Continental Army into three divisions encircling New York City, where British General Sir Henry Clinton had taken up winter quarters. Major General Israel Putnam chose Redding as the winter encampment quarters for some 3,000 regulars and militia under his command. <hl> The Redding encampment allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley. <hl> Some of the men were veterans of the winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania the previous winter. Soldiers at the Redding camp endured supply shortages, cold temperatures and significant snow, with some historians dubbing the encampment \"Connecticut's Valley Forge.\"", "paragraph_answer": "For the winter of 1778\u201379, General George Washington decided to split the Continental Army into three divisions encircling New York City, where British General Sir Henry Clinton had taken up winter quarters. Major General Israel Putnam chose Redding as the winter encampment quarters for some 3,000 regulars and militia under his command. The <hl> Redding encampment <hl> allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley. Some of the men were veterans of the winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania the previous winter. Soldiers at the Redding camp endured supply shortages, cold temperatures and significant snow, with some historians dubbing the encampment \"Connecticut's Valley Forge.\"", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Redding encampment <hl> allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley.", "paragraph_id": "5d6783052b22cd4dfcfbfdc9"}
{"question": "Was there opposition within the NOW organization about using Title VII of the Civil Rights Act?", "paragraph": "Despite the early successes NOW achieved under Friedan's leadership, her decision to pressure the Equal Employment Opportunity to use Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act to enforce more job opportunities among American women met with fierce opposition within the organization. Siding with arguments among several of the group's African-American members, many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities than women within the middle and upper class. Friedan stepped down as president in 1969.", "answer": "many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities", "sentence": "Siding with arguments among several of the group's African-American members, many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities than women within the middle and upper class.", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite the early successes NOW achieved under Friedan's leadership, her decision to pressure the Equal Employment Opportunity to use Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act to enforce more job opportunities among American women met with fierce opposition within the organization. <hl> Siding with arguments among several of the group's African-American members, many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities than women within the middle and upper class. <hl> Friedan stepped down as president in 1969.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite the early successes NOW achieved under Friedan's leadership, her decision to pressure the Equal Employment Opportunity to use Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act to enforce more job opportunities among American women met with fierce opposition within the organization. Siding with arguments among several of the group's African-American members, <hl> many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities <hl> than women within the middle and upper class. Friedan stepped down as president in 1969.", "sentence_answer": "Siding with arguments among several of the group's African-American members, <hl> many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities <hl> than women within the middle and upper class.", "paragraph_id": "5d67143f2b22cd4dfcfbee54"}
{"question": "What are two other homegrown dance styles in the UK parallel to the Drum and Bass commercial peak?", "paragraph": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "answer": "big beat and hard house", "sentence": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house . <hl> But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "paragraph_answer": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including <hl> big beat and hard house <hl>. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "sentence_answer": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including <hl> big beat and hard house <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66a84f2b22cd4dfcfbe3c6"}
{"question": "Who was mayor of Los Angeles in 2015?", "paragraph": "In 2015, homelessness is considered an epidemic in several American cities. \"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\"  Homelessness in New York City has tripled since January 2000, from approximately 20,000 people using provided nightly shelter services to more than 60,000 in January 2015.  These counts do not include those persons who choose to stay away from shelter providers.", "answer": "Eric Garcetti", "sentence": "\"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2015, homelessness is considered an epidemic in several American cities. <hl> \"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\" <hl> Homelessness in New York City has tripled since January 2000, from approximately 20,000 people using provided nightly shelter services to more than 60,000 in January 2015. These counts do not include those persons who choose to stay away from shelter providers.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2015, homelessness is considered an epidemic in several American cities. \"Los Angeles Mayor <hl> Eric Garcetti <hl> and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\" Homelessness in New York City has tripled since January 2000, from approximately 20,000 people using provided nightly shelter services to more than 60,000 in January 2015. These counts do not include those persons who choose to stay away from shelter providers.", "sentence_answer": "\"Los Angeles Mayor <hl> Eric Garcetti <hl> and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65d4e32b22cd4dfcfbce54"}
{"question": "What happens at a synapse?", "paragraph": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects:  how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "answer": "electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another", "sentence": "They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another .", "paragraph_sentence": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects: how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. <hl> They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another . <hl> Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "paragraph_answer": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects: how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which <hl> electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another <hl>. Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "sentence_answer": "They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which <hl> electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670fe02b22cd4dfcfbecfd"}
{"question": "What type of function would f:X -> Y be considered a partial function?", "paragraph": "If a function is defined as a set of ordered pairs with no specific codomain, then f: X \u2192 Y indicates that f is a function whose domain is X and whose image is a subset of Y.  This is the case in the ISO standard. Y may be referred to as the codomain but then any set including the image of f is a valid codomain of f. This is also referred to by saying that \"f maps X into Y\" In some usages X and Y may subset the ordered pairs, e.g. the function f on the real numbers such that y=x2 when used as in f: [0,4] \u2192 [0,4] means the function defined only on the interval [0,2]. With the definition of a function as an ordered triple this would always be considered a partial function.", "answer": "ordered triple", "sentence": "With the definition of a function as an ordered triple this would always be considered a partial function.", "paragraph_sentence": "If a function is defined as a set of ordered pairs with no specific codomain, then f: X \u2192 Y indicates that f is a function whose domain is X and whose image is a subset of Y. This is the case in the ISO standard. Y may be referred to as the codomain but then any set including the image of f is a valid codomain of f. This is also referred to by saying that \"f maps X into Y\" In some usages X and Y may subset the ordered pairs, e.g. the function f on the real numbers such that y=x2 when used as in f: [0,4] \u2192 [0,4] means the function defined only on the interval [0,2]. <hl> With the definition of a function as an ordered triple this would always be considered a partial function. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "If a function is defined as a set of ordered pairs with no specific codomain, then f: X \u2192 Y indicates that f is a function whose domain is X and whose image is a subset of Y. This is the case in the ISO standard. Y may be referred to as the codomain but then any set including the image of f is a valid codomain of f. This is also referred to by saying that \"f maps X into Y\" In some usages X and Y may subset the ordered pairs, e.g. the function f on the real numbers such that y=x2 when used as in f: [0,4] \u2192 [0,4] means the function defined only on the interval [0,2]. With the definition of a function as an <hl> ordered triple <hl> this would always be considered a partial function.", "sentence_answer": "With the definition of a function as an <hl> ordered triple <hl> this would always be considered a partial function.", "paragraph_id": "5d66bd232b22cd4dfcfbe491"}
{"question": "What is the more expensive plating when it comes to protecting the brass?", "paragraph": "Prior to final assembly, the manufacturers usually apply a thin coating of clear or colored acrylic lacquer, or silver plate, over the bare brass. The lacquer or plating serves to protect the brass from oxidation, and maintains its shiny appearance. Several different types and colors of surface finish have been used over the years. It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or gold, and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced. Plating saxophones with gold is an expensive process because gold does not adhere directly to brass. As a result, the brass is first plated with silver, then gold.", "answer": "gold", "sentence": "It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or gold , and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to final assembly, the manufacturers usually apply a thin coating of clear or colored acrylic lacquer, or silver plate, over the bare brass. The lacquer or plating serves to protect the brass from oxidation, and maintains its shiny appearance. Several different types and colors of surface finish have been used over the years. <hl> It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or gold , and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced. <hl> Plating saxophones with gold is an expensive process because gold does not adhere directly to brass. As a result, the brass is first plated with silver, then gold.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to final assembly, the manufacturers usually apply a thin coating of clear or colored acrylic lacquer, or silver plate, over the bare brass. The lacquer or plating serves to protect the brass from oxidation, and maintains its shiny appearance. Several different types and colors of surface finish have been used over the years. It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or <hl> gold <hl>, and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced. Plating saxophones with gold is an expensive process because gold does not adhere directly to brass. As a result, the brass is first plated with silver, then gold.", "sentence_answer": "It is also possible to plate the instrument with nickel or <hl> gold <hl> , and a number of gold-plated saxophones have been produced.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8f92b22cd4dfcfc006f"}
{"question": "What time of image does the human eye see?", "paragraph": "Other uses are in imaging systems such as monoculars, binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, cameras and projectors. Some of these instruments produce a virtual image when applied to the human eye; others produce a real image that can be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or can be viewed on a screen. In these devices lenses are sometimes paired up with curved mirrors to make a catadioptric system where the lens's spherical aberration corrects the opposite aberration in the mirror (such as Schmidt and meniscus correctors).", "answer": "virtual", "sentence": "Some of these instruments produce a virtual image when applied to the human eye; others produce a real image that can be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or can be viewed on a screen.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other uses are in imaging systems such as monoculars, binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, cameras and projectors. <hl> Some of these instruments produce a virtual image when applied to the human eye; others produce a real image that can be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or can be viewed on a screen. <hl> In these devices lenses are sometimes paired up with curved mirrors to make a catadioptric system where the lens's spherical aberration corrects the opposite aberration in the mirror (such as Schmidt and meniscus correctors).", "paragraph_answer": "Other uses are in imaging systems such as monoculars, binoculars, telescopes, microscopes, cameras and projectors. Some of these instruments produce a <hl> virtual <hl> image when applied to the human eye; others produce a real image that can be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or can be viewed on a screen. In these devices lenses are sometimes paired up with curved mirrors to make a catadioptric system where the lens's spherical aberration corrects the opposite aberration in the mirror (such as Schmidt and meniscus correctors).", "sentence_answer": "Some of these instruments produce a <hl> virtual <hl> image when applied to the human eye; others produce a real image that can be captured on photographic film or an optical sensor, or can be viewed on a screen.", "paragraph_id": "5d67068a2b22cd4dfcfbeaf7"}
{"question": "Who selects the university's Chancellor?", "paragraph": "The Board of Trustees selects the university's Chancellor, who doubles as the chief academic officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the university as well as serving as an ex officio voting member of the Board or Trustees. The Chancellor is delegated with general administrative, academic, and management authority over the university. Under the Chancellor are the Provost and Senior Vice Chancellor, the Senior Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences, the deans of the various schools, the presidents of the regional campuses, department chairs, and the directors of University centers and institutes. The university is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.", "answer": "The Board of Trustees", "sentence": "The Board of Trustees selects the university's Chancellor, who doubles as the chief academic officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the university as well as serving as an ex officio voting member of the Board or Trustees.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Board of Trustees selects the university's Chancellor, who doubles as the chief academic officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the university as well as serving as an ex officio voting member of the Board or Trustees. <hl> The Chancellor is delegated with general administrative, academic, and management authority over the university. Under the Chancellor are the Provost and Senior Vice Chancellor, the Senior Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences, the deans of the various schools, the presidents of the regional campuses, department chairs, and the directors of University centers and institutes. The university is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Board of Trustees <hl> selects the university's Chancellor, who doubles as the chief academic officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the university as well as serving as an ex officio voting member of the Board or Trustees. The Chancellor is delegated with general administrative, academic, and management authority over the university. Under the Chancellor are the Provost and Senior Vice Chancellor, the Senior Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences, the deans of the various schools, the presidents of the regional campuses, department chairs, and the directors of University centers and institutes. The university is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Board of Trustees <hl> selects the university's Chancellor, who doubles as the chief academic officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the university as well as serving as an ex officio voting member of the Board or Trustees.", "paragraph_id": "5d6745772b22cd4dfcfbf49c"}
{"question": "What is Y called in the function?", "paragraph": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "answer": "codomain", "sentence": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. <hl> Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "paragraph_answer": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and <hl> codomain <hl> Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "sentence_answer": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and <hl> codomain <hl> Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ba802b22cd4dfcfbe474"}
{"question": "What is a product of the moral behaviors?", "paragraph": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "answer": "\"pro-social\" emotions", "sentence": "Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions , such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "paragraph_sentence": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). <hl> Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions , such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved <hl> \"pro-social\" emotions <hl>, such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "sentence_answer": "Humans consequently evolved <hl> \"pro-social\" emotions <hl> , such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "paragraph_id": "5d6755f32b22cd4dfcfbf76d"}
{"question": "Who is the NHL's rival?", "paragraph": "In 1967, the National Hockey League doubled in size to 12 teams, undertaking one of the greatest expansions in professional sports history. A few years later, in 1972, a new 12 team league, the World Hockey Association (WHA) was formed and due to its ensuing rivalry with the NHL, it caused an escalation in players salaries. As of 1979, the NHL had grown to 17 teams and merged with the WHA. This created a 21 team league. By 1999, the NHL had expanded to 30 teams, and after a realignment in 2013, these teams were divided into two conferences and four divisions.", "answer": "World Hockey Association", "sentence": "A few years later, in 1972, a new 12 team league, the World Hockey Association (WHA) was formed and due to its ensuing rivalry with the NHL, it caused an escalation in players salaries.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1967, the National Hockey League doubled in size to 12 teams, undertaking one of the greatest expansions in professional sports history. <hl> A few years later, in 1972, a new 12 team league, the World Hockey Association (WHA) was formed and due to its ensuing rivalry with the NHL, it caused an escalation in players salaries. <hl> As of 1979, the NHL had grown to 17 teams and merged with the WHA. This created a 21 team league. By 1999, the NHL had expanded to 30 teams, and after a realignment in 2013, these teams were divided into two conferences and four divisions.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1967, the National Hockey League doubled in size to 12 teams, undertaking one of the greatest expansions in professional sports history. A few years later, in 1972, a new 12 team league, the <hl> World Hockey Association <hl> (WHA) was formed and due to its ensuing rivalry with the NHL, it caused an escalation in players salaries. As of 1979, the NHL had grown to 17 teams and merged with the WHA. This created a 21 team league. By 1999, the NHL had expanded to 30 teams, and after a realignment in 2013, these teams were divided into two conferences and four divisions.", "sentence_answer": "A few years later, in 1972, a new 12 team league, the <hl> World Hockey Association <hl> (WHA) was formed and due to its ensuing rivalry with the NHL, it caused an escalation in players salaries.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e7252b22cd4dfcfbd1ff"}
{"question": "Why does Drum and bass remains most popular in the UK ?", "paragraph": "Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore, ragga jungle, hardstep, darkstep, techstep, Neurofunk, ambient drum and bass, liquid funk, deep, drumfunk, funkstep, sambass dnbnoise and drill 'n' bass. From its roots in the UK, the style has established itself around the world. Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "answer": "The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene.", "sentence": "The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "paragraph_sentence": "Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore, ragga jungle, hardstep, darkstep, techstep, Neurofunk, ambient drum and bass, liquid funk, deep, drumfunk, funkstep, sambass dnbnoise and drill 'n' bass. From its roots in the UK, the style has established itself around the world. Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. <hl> The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore, ragga jungle, hardstep, darkstep, techstep, Neurofunk, ambient drum and bass, liquid funk, deep, drumfunk, funkstep, sambass dnbnoise and drill 'n' bass. From its roots in the UK, the style has established itself around the world. Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. <hl> The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. <hl> Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. <hl> Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a32c2b22cd4dfcfbe38a"}
{"question": "How is thundersnow possible?", "paragraph": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production.  If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands.  Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones.  Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy.  Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands.  In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation.  On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.  The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "answer": "within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands", "sentence": " Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands .", "paragraph_sentence": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. <hl> Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands . <hl> In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "paragraph_answer": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible <hl> within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands <hl>. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "sentence_answer": " Thundersnow is possible <hl> within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6773a72b22cd4dfcfbfc5b"}
{"question": "Who proposed the American Jobs Act?", "paragraph": "President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill. However, neither the House nor the Senate has passed the legislation as of December 2012. President Obama stated in October 2011: \"In the coming days, members of Congress will have to take a stand on whether they believe we should put teachers, construction workers, police officers and firefighters back on the job...They'll get a vote on whether they believe we should protect tax breaks for small business owners and middle-class Americans, or whether we should protect tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires.\"", "answer": "President Barack Obama", "sentence": "President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. <hl> The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill. However, neither the House nor the Senate has passed the legislation as of December 2012. President Obama stated in October 2011: \"In the coming days, members of Congress will have to take a stand on whether they believe we should put teachers, construction workers, police officers and firefighters back on the job...They'll get a vote on whether they believe we should protect tax breaks for small business owners and middle-class Americans, or whether we should protect tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires.\"", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> President Barack Obama <hl> proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill. However, neither the House nor the Senate has passed the legislation as of December 2012. President Obama stated in October 2011: \"In the coming days, members of Congress will have to take a stand on whether they believe we should put teachers, construction workers, police officers and firefighters back on the job...They'll get a vote on whether they believe we should protect tax breaks for small business owners and middle-class Americans, or whether we should protect tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires.\"", "sentence_answer": "<hl> President Barack Obama <hl> proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation.", "paragraph_id": "5d676d7e2b22cd4dfcfbfb2e"}
{"question": "How many medicine faculties is situated in major cities of Tunisia", "paragraph": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis.  There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years.  The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties.  During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty.  After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "answer": "four", "sentence": " There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis. <hl> There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. <hl> Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years. The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties. During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty. After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "paragraph_answer": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis. There are <hl> four <hl> medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years. The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties. During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty. After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "sentence_answer": " There are <hl> four <hl> medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir.", "paragraph_id": "5d6658c52b22cd4dfcfbdc70"}
{"question": "How many slaves are estimated to have been shipped across the Atlantic?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic slave traders, ordered by trade volume, were: the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Spanish, and the Dutch Empire. Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders. These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World. These slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "answer": "about 12 million", "sentence": "Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Atlantic slave traders, ordered by trade volume, were: the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Spanish, and the Dutch Empire. Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders. These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World. These slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. <hl> Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic slave traders, ordered by trade volume, were: the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Spanish, and the Dutch Empire. Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders. These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World. These slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. Current estimates are that <hl> about 12 million <hl> Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "sentence_answer": "Current estimates are that <hl> about 12 million <hl> Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "paragraph_id": "5d6598e42b22cd4dfcfbca76"}
{"question": "Can you mention any medicine school in Philippines?", "paragraph": "At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan.", "answer": "University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery", "sentence": "At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery , Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery , Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, <hl> University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery <hl>, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan.", "sentence_answer": "At present there are a number of medical schools in the Philippines, notable examples include the University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Our Lady of Fatima University, Far Eastern University \u2013 Nicanor Reyes Medical Foundation, Saint Louis University International School of Medicine, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, <hl> University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery <hl> , Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, UERMMMC College of Medicine, St. Luke's College of Medicine\u2013William H. Quasha Memorial, Cebu Doctors' University, Cebu Institute of Medicine, Mindanao State University College of Medicine, Southwestern University, West Visayas State University in Iloilo City, Davao Medical School Foundation in Davao City, Xavier University \u2013 Ateneo de Cagayan, Dr. Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine in Cagayan de Oro, Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation in San Carlos, Pangasinan, and University of Northern Philippines in Vigan.", "paragraph_id": "5d6646832b22cd4dfcfbdbd1"}
{"question": "What event was the word colinderies based off?", "paragraph": "In English, acronyms pronounced as words may be a 20th-century phenomenon. Linguist David Wilton in Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends claims that \"forming words from acronyms is a distinctly twentieth- (and now twenty-first-) century phenomenon. There is only one known pre-twentieth-century [English] word with an acronymic origin and it was in vogue for only a short time in 1886. The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year.\" However, although acronymic words seem not to have been employed in general vocabulary before the 20th century (as Wilton points out), the concept of their formation is treated as effortlessly understood (and evidently not novel) in a Poe story of the 1830s, \"How to Write a Blackwood Article\", which includes the contrived acronym P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H.", "answer": "Colonial and Indian Exposition", "sentence": "The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In English, acronyms pronounced as words may be a 20th-century phenomenon. Linguist David Wilton in Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends claims that \"forming words from acronyms is a distinctly twentieth- (and now twenty-first-) century phenomenon. There is only one known pre-twentieth-century [English] word with an acronymic origin and it was in vogue for only a short time in 1886. <hl> The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year.\" <hl> However, although acronymic words seem not to have been employed in general vocabulary before the 20th century (as Wilton points out), the concept of their formation is treated as effortlessly understood (and evidently not novel) in a Poe story of the 1830s, \"How to Write a Blackwood Article\", which includes the contrived acronym P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H.", "paragraph_answer": "In English, acronyms pronounced as words may be a 20th-century phenomenon. Linguist David Wilton in Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends claims that \"forming words from acronyms is a distinctly twentieth- (and now twenty-first-) century phenomenon. There is only one known pre-twentieth-century [English] word with an acronymic origin and it was in vogue for only a short time in 1886. The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the <hl> Colonial and Indian Exposition <hl> held in London in that year.\" However, although acronymic words seem not to have been employed in general vocabulary before the 20th century (as Wilton points out), the concept of their formation is treated as effortlessly understood (and evidently not novel) in a Poe story of the 1830s, \"How to Write a Blackwood Article\", which includes the contrived acronym P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H.", "sentence_answer": "The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the <hl> Colonial and Indian Exposition <hl> held in London in that year.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6579472b22cd4dfcfbc934"}
{"question": "How many states comprise the United States of America?", "paragraph": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "answer": "50", "sentence": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> 50 <hl> states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> 50 <hl> states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6a92b22cd4dfcfbe7f6"}
{"question": "What grade did the American Society of Engineers give infrastructure investment in 2013?", "paragraph": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "answer": "D+", "sentence": "The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \" D+ \" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. <hl> The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \" D+ \" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"<hl> D+ <hl>\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "sentence_answer": "The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \" <hl> D+ <hl> \" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "paragraph_id": "5d670f872b22cd4dfcfbece1"}
{"question": "All saxophones share the same what to produce a pitch?", "paragraph": "Because all saxophones use the same key arrangement and fingering to produce a given notated pitch, it is not difficult for a competent player to switch among the various sizes when the music has been suitably transposed, and many do so. Since the baritone and alto are pitched in E\u266d, players can read concert pitch music notated in the bass clef by reading it as if it were treble clef and adding three sharps to the key signature. This process, referred to as clef substitution, makes it possible for the Eb instruments to play from parts written for bassoon, tuba, trombone, or string bass. This can be useful if a band or orchestra lacks one of those instruments.", "answer": "key arrangement and fingering", "sentence": "Because all saxophones use the same key arrangement and fingering to produce a given notated pitch, it is not difficult for a competent player to switch among the various sizes when the music has been suitably transposed, and many do so.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Because all saxophones use the same key arrangement and fingering to produce a given notated pitch, it is not difficult for a competent player to switch among the various sizes when the music has been suitably transposed, and many do so. <hl> Since the baritone and alto are pitched in E\u266d, players can read concert pitch music notated in the bass clef by reading it as if it were treble clef and adding three sharps to the key signature. This process, referred to as clef substitution, makes it possible for the Eb instruments to play from parts written for bassoon, tuba, trombone, or string bass. This can be useful if a band or orchestra lacks one of those instruments.", "paragraph_answer": "Because all saxophones use the same <hl> key arrangement and fingering <hl> to produce a given notated pitch, it is not difficult for a competent player to switch among the various sizes when the music has been suitably transposed, and many do so. Since the baritone and alto are pitched in E\u266d, players can read concert pitch music notated in the bass clef by reading it as if it were treble clef and adding three sharps to the key signature. This process, referred to as clef substitution, makes it possible for the Eb instruments to play from parts written for bassoon, tuba, trombone, or string bass. This can be useful if a band or orchestra lacks one of those instruments.", "sentence_answer": "Because all saxophones use the same <hl> key arrangement and fingering <hl> to produce a given notated pitch, it is not difficult for a competent player to switch among the various sizes when the music has been suitably transposed, and many do so.", "paragraph_id": "5d67658a2b22cd4dfcfbf9d6"}
{"question": "How do crowds react to fighting?", "paragraph": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "answer": "cheer", "sentence": "Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "paragraph_sentence": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). <hl> Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and <hl> cheer <hl> when fighting erupts.", "sentence_answer": "Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and <hl> cheer <hl> when fighting erupts.", "paragraph_id": "5d6690792b22cd4dfcfbe274"}
{"question": "Who were the slaves purchased from?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic slave traders, ordered by trade volume, were: the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Spanish, and the Dutch Empire. Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders. These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World. These slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "answer": "local African leaders", "sentence": "Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Atlantic slave traders, ordered by trade volume, were: the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Spanish, and the Dutch Empire. <hl> Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders . <hl> These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World. These slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic slave traders, ordered by trade volume, were: the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Spanish, and the Dutch Empire. Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from <hl> local African leaders <hl>. These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World. These slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic, although the number purchased by the traders is considerably higher.", "sentence_answer": "Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from <hl> local African leaders <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6598e42b22cd4dfcfbca73"}
{"question": "What did colonists subdivide between farmers?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "their land", "sentence": "As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). <hl> As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. <hl> This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide <hl> their land <hl> between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide <hl> their land <hl> between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1692b22cd4dfcfbcb9c"}
{"question": "Who garnered the support of the local population?", "paragraph": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Partisans", "sentence": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. <hl> Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that <hl> the Partisans <hl> came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that <hl> the Partisans <hl> came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703ff2b22cd4dfcfbea90"}
{"question": "What sport is being discussed here?", "paragraph": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "answer": "ice hockey", "sentence": "Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "paragraph_sentence": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). <hl> Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in <hl> ice hockey <hl> and cheer when fighting erupts.", "sentence_answer": "Crowds seem to like fighting in <hl> ice hockey <hl> and cheer when fighting erupts.", "paragraph_id": "5d668f052b22cd4dfcfbe246"}
{"question": "When did the Portuguese complete the first transatlantic slave voyage?", "paragraph": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed.  Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants.  The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "answer": "1526", "sentence": "In 1526 , the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" <hl> In 1526 , the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed. <hl> Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants. The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "paragraph_answer": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In <hl> 1526 <hl>, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed. Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants. The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1526 <hl> , the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6598032b22cd4dfcfbca55"}
{"question": "What did Boston Tea Party dump into the Boston Harbor?", "paragraph": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "answer": "British tea", "sentence": "The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. <hl> The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. <hl> The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "paragraph_answer": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped <hl> British tea <hl> into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "sentence_answer": "The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped <hl> British tea <hl> into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770112b22cd4dfcfbfbb1"}
{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed9d"}
{"question": "What was an adverse effect of the development around Lake Tahoe?", "paragraph": "Between 1912 and 1918, Congress debated three times to protect Lake Tahoe in a national park. None of these efforts succeeded, and after World War II, towns such as South Lake Tahoe grew around the shores of the lake. By 1980, the permanent population of the Lake Tahoe area grew to 50,000, while the summer population grew to 90,000. The development around Lake Tahoe affected the clarity of the lake water. In order to preserve the lake's clarity, construction in the Tahoe basin is currently regulated by the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency.", "answer": "clarity of the lake water", "sentence": "The development around Lake Tahoe affected the clarity of the lake water .", "paragraph_sentence": "Between 1912 and 1918, Congress debated three times to protect Lake Tahoe in a national park. None of these efforts succeeded, and after World War II, towns such as South Lake Tahoe grew around the shores of the lake. By 1980, the permanent population of the Lake Tahoe area grew to 50,000, while the summer population grew to 90,000. <hl> The development around Lake Tahoe affected the clarity of the lake water . <hl> In order to preserve the lake's clarity, construction in the Tahoe basin is currently regulated by the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency.", "paragraph_answer": "Between 1912 and 1918, Congress debated three times to protect Lake Tahoe in a national park. None of these efforts succeeded, and after World War II, towns such as South Lake Tahoe grew around the shores of the lake. By 1980, the permanent population of the Lake Tahoe area grew to 50,000, while the summer population grew to 90,000. The development around Lake Tahoe affected the <hl> clarity of the lake water <hl>. In order to preserve the lake's clarity, construction in the Tahoe basin is currently regulated by the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency.", "sentence_answer": "The development around Lake Tahoe affected the <hl> clarity of the lake water <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6778e22b22cd4dfcfbfcc4"}
{"question": "What does NYSE stand for?", "paragraph": "Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown. In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "answer": "New York Stock Exchange", "sentence": "Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. <hl> The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown. In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "paragraph_answer": "Lower Manhattan is home to the <hl> New York Stock Exchange <hl> (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown. In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "sentence_answer": "Lower Manhattan is home to the <hl> New York Stock Exchange <hl> (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013.", "paragraph_id": "5d6846c72b22cd4dfcfc06a6"}
{"question": "What is one way to abbreviate the plural form of Member of Parliament?", "paragraph": "A particularly rich source of options arises when the plural of an acronym would normally be indicated in a word other than the final word if spelled out in full. A classic example is Member of Parliament, which in plural is Members of Parliament. It is possible then to abbreviate this as M's P. (or similar), as used by former Australian Prime Minister Ben Chifley. This usage is less common than forms with s at the end, such as MPs, and may appear dated or pedantic. In common usage, therefore, weapons of mass destruction becomes WMDs, prisoners of war becomes POWs, and runs batted in becomes RBIs.", "answer": "M's P", "sentence": "It is possible then to abbreviate this as M's P .", "paragraph_sentence": "A particularly rich source of options arises when the plural of an acronym would normally be indicated in a word other than the final word if spelled out in full. A classic example is Member of Parliament, which in plural is Members of Parliament. <hl> It is possible then to abbreviate this as M's P . <hl> (or similar), as used by former Australian Prime Minister Ben Chifley. This usage is less common than forms with s at the end, such as MPs, and may appear dated or pedantic. In common usage, therefore, weapons of mass destruction becomes WMDs, prisoners of war becomes POWs, and runs batted in becomes RBIs.", "paragraph_answer": "A particularly rich source of options arises when the plural of an acronym would normally be indicated in a word other than the final word if spelled out in full. A classic example is Member of Parliament, which in plural is Members of Parliament. It is possible then to abbreviate this as <hl> M's P <hl>. (or similar), as used by former Australian Prime Minister Ben Chifley. This usage is less common than forms with s at the end, such as MPs, and may appear dated or pedantic. In common usage, therefore, weapons of mass destruction becomes WMDs, prisoners of war becomes POWs, and runs batted in becomes RBIs.", "sentence_answer": "It is possible then to abbreviate this as <hl> M's P <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ad922b22cd4dfcfbcb14"}
{"question": "Do conservative support government stimulating the economy?", "paragraph": "Conservatives typically argue for free market solutions, with less government restriction of the private sector. Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. Fiscal conservatives express concern that higher budget deficits and debt damage confidence, reducing investment and spending. Conservatives argue for policies that reduce or lower inflation. Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics.", "answer": "Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure.", "sentence": "Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction.", "paragraph_sentence": "Conservatives typically argue for free market solutions, with less government restriction of the private sector. <hl> Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. <hl> Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. Fiscal conservatives express concern that higher budget deficits and debt damage confidence, reducing investment and spending. Conservatives argue for policies that reduce or lower inflation. Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics.", "paragraph_answer": "Conservatives typically argue for free market solutions, with less government restriction of the private sector. <hl> Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. <hl> Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. Fiscal conservatives express concern that higher budget deficits and debt damage confidence, reducing investment and spending. Conservatives argue for policies that reduce or lower inflation. Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. <hl> Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc7d2b22cd4dfcfbe91c"}
{"question": "What is the name of the transient area in New York City?", "paragraph": "Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \"skid row\". In New York City, for example, there was an area known as \"the Bowery\", traditionally, where alcoholics were to be found sleeping on the streets, bottle in hand. Rescue missions offering \"soup, soap, and salvation\", a phrase introduced by The Salvation Army, sprang up along the Bowery thoroughfare, including the oldest one, The Bowery Mission. The mission was founded in 1879 by the Rev. and Mrs. A.G. Ruliffson.", "answer": "skid row", "sentence": "Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \" skid row \".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \" skid row \". <hl> In New York City, for example, there was an area known as \"the Bowery\", traditionally, where alcoholics were to be found sleeping on the streets, bottle in hand. Rescue missions offering \"soup, soap, and salvation\", a phrase introduced by The Salvation Army, sprang up along the Bowery thoroughfare, including the oldest one, The Bowery Mission. The mission was founded in 1879 by the Rev. and Mrs. A.G. Ruliffson.", "paragraph_answer": "Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \"<hl> skid row <hl>\". In New York City, for example, there was an area known as \"the Bowery\", traditionally, where alcoholics were to be found sleeping on the streets, bottle in hand. Rescue missions offering \"soup, soap, and salvation\", a phrase introduced by The Salvation Army, sprang up along the Bowery thoroughfare, including the oldest one, The Bowery Mission. The mission was founded in 1879 by the Rev. and Mrs. A.G. Ruliffson.", "sentence_answer": "Many towns and cities had an area which contained the poor, transients, and afflicted, such as a \" <hl> skid row <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d6608a72b22cd4dfcfbd64b"}
{"question": "What is the SPHL?", "paragraph": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "answer": "Southern Professional Hockey League", "sentence": "The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations.", "paragraph_sentence": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. <hl> The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. <hl> Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "paragraph_answer": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. The <hl> Southern Professional Hockey League <hl> (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Southern Professional Hockey League <hl> (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations.", "paragraph_id": "5d661f492b22cd4dfcfbd964"}
{"question": "Who is the largest exporter of copper?", "paragraph": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "answer": "Chile", "sentence": "In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. <hl> In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. <hl> Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making <hl> Chile <hl> and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "sentence_answer": "In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making <hl> Chile <hl> and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d6697e12b22cd4dfcfbe32f"}
{"question": "Where are the regional Pennsylvania campuses located?", "paragraph": "The majority of Pitt-owned facilities are clustered in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh which includes the Schenley Farms Historic District, however a few prominent facilities are scattered elsewhere throughout the city, including the adjacent Shadyside neighborhood. Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville, as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville. The university also has a major archeological research site, the Allen L. Cook Spring Creek Preserve, in Spring Creek, Wyoming.", "answer": "Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville", "sentence": "Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville , as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville.", "paragraph_sentence": "The majority of Pitt-owned facilities are clustered in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh which includes the Schenley Farms Historic District, however a few prominent facilities are scattered elsewhere throughout the city, including the adjacent Shadyside neighborhood. <hl> Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville , as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville. <hl> The university also has a major archeological research site, the Allen L. Cook Spring Creek Preserve, in Spring Creek, Wyoming.", "paragraph_answer": "The majority of Pitt-owned facilities are clustered in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh which includes the Schenley Farms Historic District, however a few prominent facilities are scattered elsewhere throughout the city, including the adjacent Shadyside neighborhood. Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in <hl> Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville <hl>, as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville. The university also has a major archeological research site, the Allen L. Cook Spring Creek Preserve, in Spring Creek, Wyoming.", "sentence_answer": "Pitt also maintains regional Pennsylvania campuses in <hl> Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville <hl> , as well as a Computer Center in RIDC Park in Blawnox, the Plum Boro Science Center in Plum, the University of Pittsburgh Applied Research Center (U-PARC) in Harmarville, and the Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology in Linesville.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706f52b22cd4dfcfbeb1d"}
{"question": "What stayed in effect until 1940?", "paragraph": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "answer": "long-term unemployment", "sentence": "However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. <hl> However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. <hl> In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "paragraph_answer": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, <hl> long-term unemployment <hl> remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "sentence_answer": "However, <hl> long-term unemployment <hl> remained a drag until 1940.", "paragraph_id": "5d673d9c2b22cd4dfcfbf3bb"}
{"question": "How many synapses does the human brain have?", "paragraph": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "answer": "one hundred trillion", "sentence": "The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses", "paragraph_sentence": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. <hl> The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses <hl> ; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "paragraph_answer": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and <hl> one hundred trillion <hl> synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "sentence_answer": "The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and <hl> one hundred trillion <hl> synapses", "paragraph_id": "5d6710e72b22cd4dfcfbed25"}
{"question": "What's the important question answered by both morality and politics?", "paragraph": "If morality is the answer to the question 'how ought we to live' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. It is therefore unsurprising that evidence has been found of a relationship between attitudes in morality and politics. Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham have studied the differences between liberals and conservatives, in this regard. Haidt found that Americans who identified as liberals tended to value care and fairness higher than loyalty, respect and purity. Self-identified conservative Americans valued care and fairness less and the remaining three values more. Both groups gave care the highest over-all weighting, but conservatives valued fairness the lowest, whereas liberals valued purity the lowest. Haidt also hypothesizes that the origin of this division in the United States can be traced to geohistorical factors, with conservatism strongest in closely knit, ethnically homogenous communities, in contrast to port-cities, where the cultural mix is greater, thus requiring more liberalism.", "answer": "how ought we to live", "sentence": "If morality is the answer to the question ' how ought we to live ' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> If morality is the answer to the question ' how ought we to live ' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. <hl> It is therefore unsurprising that evidence has been found of a relationship between attitudes in morality and politics. Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham have studied the differences between liberals and conservatives, in this regard. Haidt found that Americans who identified as liberals tended to value care and fairness higher than loyalty, respect and purity. Self-identified conservative Americans valued care and fairness less and the remaining three values more. Both groups gave care the highest over-all weighting, but conservatives valued fairness the lowest, whereas liberals valued purity the lowest. Haidt also hypothesizes that the origin of this division in the United States can be traced to geohistorical factors, with conservatism strongest in closely knit, ethnically homogenous communities, in contrast to port-cities, where the cultural mix is greater, thus requiring more liberalism.", "paragraph_answer": "If morality is the answer to the question '<hl> how ought we to live <hl>' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. It is therefore unsurprising that evidence has been found of a relationship between attitudes in morality and politics. Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham have studied the differences between liberals and conservatives, in this regard. Haidt found that Americans who identified as liberals tended to value care and fairness higher than loyalty, respect and purity. Self-identified conservative Americans valued care and fairness less and the remaining three values more. Both groups gave care the highest over-all weighting, but conservatives valued fairness the lowest, whereas liberals valued purity the lowest. Haidt also hypothesizes that the origin of this division in the United States can be traced to geohistorical factors, with conservatism strongest in closely knit, ethnically homogenous communities, in contrast to port-cities, where the cultural mix is greater, thus requiring more liberalism.", "sentence_answer": "If morality is the answer to the question ' <hl> how ought we to live <hl> ' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8562b22cd4dfcfbe86a"}
{"question": "What type of climate of California influences the climate of the Sierra Nevada?", "paragraph": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California.  During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "answer": "Mediterranean", "sentence": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. <hl> During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "paragraph_answer": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the <hl> Mediterranean <hl> climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "sentence_answer": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the <hl> Mediterranean <hl> climate of California.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4522b22cd4dfcfbe75e"}
{"question": "What is described as \"a way of life and a state of mind\"?", "paragraph": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "answer": "The processes of decentralization", "sentence": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. <hl> According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The processes of decentralization <hl> redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The processes of decentralization <hl> redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government.", "paragraph_id": "5d660d132b22cd4dfcfbd72b"}
{"question": "What are political divisions of the United States also called?", "paragraph": "Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. The first subdivision of the United States is the state. The admission of states into the United States, beyond the original thirteen states, is authorized under Article IV, Section 3, of the Constitution of the United States. Most of the states admitted to the union after the original 13 have been formed within territories of the United States (that is, land under the sovereignty of the federal government but not part of any state) that were organized by an act or resolution of the United States Congress, subject to the Congress' plenary powers under the territorial clause of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution.", "answer": "Administrative divisions", "sentence": "Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. <hl> The first subdivision of the United States is the state. The admission of states into the United States, beyond the original thirteen states, is authorized under Article IV, Section 3, of the Constitution of the United States. Most of the states admitted to the union after the original 13 have been formed within territories of the United States (that is, land under the sovereignty of the federal government but not part of any state) that were organized by an act or resolution of the United States Congress, subject to the Congress' plenary powers under the territorial clause of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution.", "paragraph_answer": "Political divisions of the United States or <hl> Administrative divisions <hl> of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. The first subdivision of the United States is the state. The admission of states into the United States, beyond the original thirteen states, is authorized under Article IV, Section 3, of the Constitution of the United States. Most of the states admitted to the union after the original 13 have been formed within territories of the United States (that is, land under the sovereignty of the federal government but not part of any state) that were organized by an act or resolution of the United States Congress, subject to the Congress' plenary powers under the territorial clause of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution.", "sentence_answer": "Political divisions of the United States or <hl> Administrative divisions <hl> of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d676f6b2b22cd4dfcfbfb82"}
{"question": "What did women lose control of when marrying in early colonial America?", "paragraph": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage. Much later on in the colonial experience, as the values of the American Enlightenment were imported from Britain, the philosophies of such thinkers as John Locke weakened the view that husbands were natural \"rulers\" over their wives and replacing it with a (slightly) more liberal conception of marriage. Women also lost most control of their property when marrying. Even single women could not sue anyone or be sued, or make contracts, and divorce was almost impossible until the late eighteenth century.", "answer": "their property", "sentence": "Women also lost most control of their property when marrying.", "paragraph_sentence": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage. Much later on in the colonial experience, as the values of the American Enlightenment were imported from Britain, the philosophies of such thinkers as John Locke weakened the view that husbands were natural \"rulers\" over their wives and replacing it with a (slightly) more liberal conception of marriage. <hl> Women also lost most control of their property when marrying. <hl> Even single women could not sue anyone or be sued, or make contracts, and divorce was almost impossible until the late eighteenth century.", "paragraph_answer": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage. Much later on in the colonial experience, as the values of the American Enlightenment were imported from Britain, the philosophies of such thinkers as John Locke weakened the view that husbands were natural \"rulers\" over their wives and replacing it with a (slightly) more liberal conception of marriage. Women also lost most control of <hl> their property <hl> when marrying. Even single women could not sue anyone or be sued, or make contracts, and divorce was almost impossible until the late eighteenth century.", "sentence_answer": "Women also lost most control of <hl> their property <hl> when marrying.", "paragraph_id": "5d6692272b22cd4dfcfbe2b6"}
{"question": "What commission reported the most recent retrieval of chemical munitions?", "paragraph": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (2,450 lb) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "answer": "the Helsinki Commission", "sentence": "Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005.", "paragraph_sentence": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. <hl> Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. <hl> This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (2,450 lb) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from <hl> the Helsinki Commission <hl> notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (2,450 lb) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from <hl> the Helsinki Commission <hl> notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005.", "paragraph_id": "5d663eb52b22cd4dfcfbdb77"}
{"question": "How far is it from Oxford to London?", "paragraph": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "answer": "78 miles (125.5 km)", "sentence": "The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. <hl> The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. <hl> Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was <hl> 78 miles (125.5 km) <hl> via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "sentence_answer": "The distance from Oxford to London was <hl> 78 miles (125.5 km) <hl> via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham.", "paragraph_id": "5d6738722b22cd4dfcfbf2de"}
{"question": "Who should take Statins according to a United states guideline?", "paragraph": "Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease. As the event rate is higher in men than in women, the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. In those without cardiovascular disease but risk factors statins appear to also be beneficial with a decrease in the risk of death and further heart disease. A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years.", "answer": "those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years.", "sentence": "A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years.", "paragraph_sentence": "Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease. As the event rate is higher in men than in women, the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. In those without cardiovascular disease but risk factors statins appear to also be beneficial with a decrease in the risk of death and further heart disease. <hl> A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease. As the event rate is higher in men than in women, the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. In those without cardiovascular disease but risk factors statins appear to also be beneficial with a decrease in the risk of death and further heart disease. A United States guideline recommends statins in <hl> those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "A United States guideline recommends statins in <hl> those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5132b22cd4dfcfbcc73"}
{"question": "Rotterdam is ranked at which place in terms of port size compared to the rest of Europe?", "paragraph": "The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world. Rotterdam's logistic success is based on its strategic location on the North Sea, directly at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas (New Meuse) channel leading into the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr region. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname \"Gateway to Europe\", and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "answer": "Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe", "sentence": "The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world. <hl> Rotterdam's logistic success is based on its strategic location on the North Sea, directly at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas (New Meuse) channel leading into the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr region. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname \"Gateway to Europe\", and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "paragraph_answer": "The port of <hl> Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe <hl> and the 10th largest in the world. Rotterdam's logistic success is based on its strategic location on the North Sea, directly at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas (New Meuse) channel leading into the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr region. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname \"Gateway to Europe\", and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "sentence_answer": "The port of <hl> Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe <hl> and the 10th largest in the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fdf42b22cd4dfcfbe97b"}
{"question": "What was the name of the architect that collaborated with Derrida?", "paragraph": "One of the most well-known postmodernist concerns is \"deconstruction,\" a theory for philosophy, literary criticism, and textual analysis developed by Jacques Derrida.  The notion of a \"deconstructive\" approach implies an analysis that questions the already evident understanding of a text in terms of presuppositions, ideological underpinnings, hierarchical values, and frames of reference. A deconstructive approach further depends on the techniques of close reading without reference to cultural, ideological, moral opinions or information derived from an authority over the text such as the author. At the same time Derrida famously writes: \"Il n'y a pas d'hors-texte (there is no such thing as outside-of-the-text).\" Derrida implies that the world follows the grammar of a text undergoing its own deconstruction. Derrida's method frequently involves recognizing and spelling out the different, yet similar interpretations of the meaning of a given text and the problematic implications of binary oppositions within the meaning of a text. Derrida's philosophy inspired a postmodern movement called deconstructivism among architects, characterized by the intentional fragmentation, distortion, and dislocation of architectural elements in designing a building. Derrida discontinued his involvement with the movement after the publication of his collaborative project with architect Peter Eisenmann in Chora L Works: Jacques Derrida and Peter Eisenman.", "answer": "Peter Eisenmann", "sentence": "Derrida discontinued his involvement with the movement after the publication of his collaborative project with architect Peter Eisenmann in Chora L Works: Jacques Derrida and Peter Eisenman.", "paragraph_sentence": "One of the most well-known postmodernist concerns is \"deconstruction,\" a theory for philosophy, literary criticism, and textual analysis developed by Jacques Derrida. The notion of a \"deconstructive\" approach implies an analysis that questions the already evident understanding of a text in terms of presuppositions, ideological underpinnings, hierarchical values, and frames of reference. A deconstructive approach further depends on the techniques of close reading without reference to cultural, ideological, moral opinions or information derived from an authority over the text such as the author. At the same time Derrida famously writes: \"Il n'y a pas d'hors-texte (there is no such thing as outside-of-the-text).\" Derrida implies that the world follows the grammar of a text undergoing its own deconstruction. Derrida's method frequently involves recognizing and spelling out the different, yet similar interpretations of the meaning of a given text and the problematic implications of binary oppositions within the meaning of a text. Derrida's philosophy inspired a postmodern movement called deconstructivism among architects, characterized by the intentional fragmentation, distortion, and dislocation of architectural elements in designing a building. <hl> Derrida discontinued his involvement with the movement after the publication of his collaborative project with architect Peter Eisenmann in Chora L Works: Jacques Derrida and Peter Eisenman. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "One of the most well-known postmodernist concerns is \"deconstruction,\" a theory for philosophy, literary criticism, and textual analysis developed by Jacques Derrida. The notion of a \"deconstructive\" approach implies an analysis that questions the already evident understanding of a text in terms of presuppositions, ideological underpinnings, hierarchical values, and frames of reference. A deconstructive approach further depends on the techniques of close reading without reference to cultural, ideological, moral opinions or information derived from an authority over the text such as the author. At the same time Derrida famously writes: \"Il n'y a pas d'hors-texte (there is no such thing as outside-of-the-text).\" Derrida implies that the world follows the grammar of a text undergoing its own deconstruction. Derrida's method frequently involves recognizing and spelling out the different, yet similar interpretations of the meaning of a given text and the problematic implications of binary oppositions within the meaning of a text. Derrida's philosophy inspired a postmodern movement called deconstructivism among architects, characterized by the intentional fragmentation, distortion, and dislocation of architectural elements in designing a building. Derrida discontinued his involvement with the movement after the publication of his collaborative project with architect <hl> Peter Eisenmann <hl> in Chora L Works: Jacques Derrida and Peter Eisenman.", "sentence_answer": "Derrida discontinued his involvement with the movement after the publication of his collaborative project with architect <hl> Peter Eisenmann <hl> in Chora L Works: Jacques Derrida and Peter Eisenman.", "paragraph_id": "5d6727332b22cd4dfcfbf102"}
{"question": "On top of education, these engineers need  what else?", "paragraph": "The role of a structural engineer today involves a significant understanding of both static and dynamic loading, and the structures that are available to resist them. The complexity of modern structures often requires a great deal of creativity from the engineer in order to ensure the structures support and resist the loads they are subjected to. A structural engineer will typically have a four or five year undergraduate degree, followed by a minimum of three years of professional practice before being considered fully qualified.\nStructural engineers are licensed or accredited by different learned societies and regulatory bodies around the world (for example, the Institution of Structural Engineers in the UK). Depending on the degree course they have studied and/or the jurisdiction they are seeking licensure in, they may be accredited (or licensed) as just structural engineers, or as civil engineers, or as both civil and structural engineers.\nAnother international organisation is IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering). The aim of that association is to exchange knowledge and to advance the practice of structural engineering worldwide in the service of the profession and society.", "answer": "three years of professional practice", "sentence": "A structural engineer will typically have a four or five year undergraduate degree, followed by a minimum of three years of professional practice before being considered fully qualified.", "paragraph_sentence": "The role of a structural engineer today involves a significant understanding of both static and dynamic loading, and the structures that are available to resist them. The complexity of modern structures often requires a great deal of creativity from the engineer in order to ensure the structures support and resist the loads they are subjected to. <hl> A structural engineer will typically have a four or five year undergraduate degree, followed by a minimum of three years of professional practice before being considered fully qualified. <hl> Structural engineers are licensed or accredited by different learned societies and regulatory bodies around the world (for example, the Institution of Structural Engineers in the UK). Depending on the degree course they have studied and/or the jurisdiction they are seeking licensure in, they may be accredited (or licensed) as just structural engineers, or as civil engineers, or as both civil and structural engineers. Another international organisation is IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering). The aim of that association is to exchange knowledge and to advance the practice of structural engineering worldwide in the service of the profession and society.", "paragraph_answer": "The role of a structural engineer today involves a significant understanding of both static and dynamic loading, and the structures that are available to resist them. The complexity of modern structures often requires a great deal of creativity from the engineer in order to ensure the structures support and resist the loads they are subjected to. A structural engineer will typically have a four or five year undergraduate degree, followed by a minimum of <hl> three years of professional practice <hl> before being considered fully qualified. Structural engineers are licensed or accredited by different learned societies and regulatory bodies around the world (for example, the Institution of Structural Engineers in the UK). Depending on the degree course they have studied and/or the jurisdiction they are seeking licensure in, they may be accredited (or licensed) as just structural engineers, or as civil engineers, or as both civil and structural engineers. Another international organisation is IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering). The aim of that association is to exchange knowledge and to advance the practice of structural engineering worldwide in the service of the profession and society.", "sentence_answer": "A structural engineer will typically have a four or five year undergraduate degree, followed by a minimum of <hl> three years of professional practice <hl> before being considered fully qualified.", "paragraph_id": "5d675d752b22cd4dfcfbf8b2"}
{"question": "When did the first insurance company in the US come into existence?", "paragraph": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1735.  In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation.  Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "answer": "1735", "sentence": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1735 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1735 . <hl> In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation. Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in <hl> 1735 <hl>. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation. Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in <hl> 1735 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ecbe2b22cd4dfcfbd2c8"}
{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712442b22cd4dfcfbede3"}
{"question": "In Marxism-Leninism, socialism transitions into what?", "paragraph": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. The socialist state, representing a \"dictatorship of the proletariat\" (as opposed to that of the bourgeoisie) is governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Vladimir Lenin described as \"diversity in discussion, unity in action.\" It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism, a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "answer": "communism", "sentence": "It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism , a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "paragraph_sentence": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. The socialist state, representing a \"dictatorship of the proletariat\" (as opposed to that of the bourgeoisie) is governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Vladimir Lenin described as \"diversity in discussion, unity in action.\" <hl> It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism , a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. The socialist state, representing a \"dictatorship of the proletariat\" (as opposed to that of the bourgeoisie) is governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Vladimir Lenin described as \"diversity in discussion, unity in action.\" It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of <hl> communism <hl>, a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "sentence_answer": "It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of <hl> communism <hl> , a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "paragraph_id": "5d6729d12b22cd4dfcfbf13b"}
{"question": "Who was the grandson of the 1814 commander of Fort McHenry?", "paragraph": "In 1907 Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead\n(the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. Appleton donated the flag with the wish that it would always be on view to the public. In 1994, the National Museum of American History determined that the Star Spangled Banner Flag required further conservation treatment to remain on public display. In 1998 teams of museum conservators, curators, and other specialists helped move the flag from its home in the Museum's Flag Hall into a new conservation laboratory. Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes.", "answer": "Eben Appleton", "sentence": "In 1907 Eben Appleton , New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead\n(the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1907 Eben Appleton , New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead (the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. <hl> Appleton donated the flag with the wish that it would always be on view to the public. In 1994, the National Museum of American History determined that the Star Spangled Banner Flag required further conservation treatment to remain on public display. In 1998 teams of museum conservators, curators, and other specialists helped move the flag from its home in the Museum's Flag Hall into a new conservation laboratory. Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1907 <hl> Eben Appleton <hl>, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead (the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. Appleton donated the flag with the wish that it would always be on view to the public. In 1994, the National Museum of American History determined that the Star Spangled Banner Flag required further conservation treatment to remain on public display. In 1998 teams of museum conservators, curators, and other specialists helped move the flag from its home in the Museum's Flag Hall into a new conservation laboratory. Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes.", "sentence_answer": "In 1907 <hl> Eben Appleton <hl> , New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead (the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c49b2b22cd4dfcfbcc55"}
{"question": "What groups fought for power in each of the colonies?", "paragraph": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly. There were often \"country\" and \"court\" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. Massachusetts, which from its 1691 charter had particularly low requirements for voting eligibility and strong rural representation in its assembly, also had a strong populist faction that represented the province's lower classes.", "answer": "shifting factions", "sentence": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly. <hl> There were often \"country\" and \"court\" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. Massachusetts, which from its 1691 charter had particularly low requirements for voting eligibility and strong rural representation in its assembly, also had a strong populist faction that represented the province's lower classes.", "paragraph_answer": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had <hl> shifting factions <hl> that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly. There were often \"country\" and \"court\" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. Massachusetts, which from its 1691 charter had particularly low requirements for voting eligibility and strong rural representation in its assembly, also had a strong populist faction that represented the province's lower classes.", "sentence_answer": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had <hl> shifting factions <hl> that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly.", "paragraph_id": "5d6687e62b22cd4dfcfbe1f9"}
{"question": "What year was the allied support in ?", "paragraph": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "answer": "1944", "sentence": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. <hl> On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of <hl> 1944 <hl> the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of <hl> 1944 <hl> the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941.", "paragraph_id": "5d680e802b22cd4dfcfc0548"}
{"question": "How many breweries were in Oxford by 1874?", "paragraph": "The rapid expansion of Oxford and the development of its railway links after the 1840s facilitated expansion of the brewing trade. As well as expanding the market for Oxford's brewers, railways enabled brewers further from the city to compete for a share of its market. By 1874 there were nine breweries in Oxford and 13 brewers' agents in Oxford shipping beer in from elsewhere. The nine breweries were: Flowers & Co in Cowley Road, Hall's St Giles Brewery, Hall's Swan Brewery (see below), Hanley's City Brewery in Queen Street, Le Mills's Brewery in St. Ebbes, Morrell's Lion Brewery in St Thomas Street (see below), Simonds's Brewery in Queen Street, Weaving's Eagle Brewery (by 1869 the Eagle Steam Brewery) in Park End Street and Wootten and Cole's St. Clement's Brewery.", "answer": "nine", "sentence": "By 1874 there were nine breweries in Oxford and 13 brewers' agents in Oxford shipping beer in from elsewhere.", "paragraph_sentence": "The rapid expansion of Oxford and the development of its railway links after the 1840s facilitated expansion of the brewing trade. As well as expanding the market for Oxford's brewers, railways enabled brewers further from the city to compete for a share of its market. <hl> By 1874 there were nine breweries in Oxford and 13 brewers' agents in Oxford shipping beer in from elsewhere. <hl> The nine breweries were: Flowers & Co in Cowley Road, Hall's St Giles Brewery, Hall's Swan Brewery (see below), Hanley's City Brewery in Queen Street, Le Mills's Brewery in St. Ebbes, Morrell's Lion Brewery in St Thomas Street (see below), Simonds's Brewery in Queen Street, Weaving's Eagle Brewery (by 1869 the Eagle Steam Brewery) in Park End Street and Wootten and Cole's St. Clement's Brewery.", "paragraph_answer": "The rapid expansion of Oxford and the development of its railway links after the 1840s facilitated expansion of the brewing trade. As well as expanding the market for Oxford's brewers, railways enabled brewers further from the city to compete for a share of its market. By 1874 there were <hl> nine <hl> breweries in Oxford and 13 brewers' agents in Oxford shipping beer in from elsewhere. The nine breweries were: Flowers & Co in Cowley Road, Hall's St Giles Brewery, Hall's Swan Brewery (see below), Hanley's City Brewery in Queen Street, Le Mills's Brewery in St. Ebbes, Morrell's Lion Brewery in St Thomas Street (see below), Simonds's Brewery in Queen Street, Weaving's Eagle Brewery (by 1869 the Eagle Steam Brewery) in Park End Street and Wootten and Cole's St. Clement's Brewery.", "sentence_answer": "By 1874 there were <hl> nine <hl> breweries in Oxford and 13 brewers' agents in Oxford shipping beer in from elsewhere.", "paragraph_id": "5d6765c82b22cd4dfcfbf9de"}
{"question": "Who wrote history of the dividing line?", "paragraph": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "answer": "William Byrd", "sentence": "These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd , which however was not published until a century later.", "paragraph_sentence": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. <hl> These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by William Byrd , which however was not published until a century later. <hl> Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "paragraph_answer": "The arts in colonial America were not as successful as the sciences. Literature in the European sense was nearly nonexistent, with histories being far more noteworthy. These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by <hl> William Byrd <hl>, which however was not published until a century later. Instead, the newspaper was the principal form of reading material in the colonies. Since printing was expensive, most publications focused on purely practical matters such as major news, advertisements, and business reports. Aside from newspapers, almanacs were very popular, Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac being the most famous. Literary magazines appeared at mid-century, but few were profitable and most went out of business after only a few years. While American publications never approached the intellectual quality of European writers, they were much more widespread and achieved a greater readership than anything produced by Voltaire, Locke, or Rousseau.", "sentence_answer": "These included The History and present State of Virginia (1705) by Robert Beverly and History of the Dividing Line (1728\u201329) by <hl> William Byrd <hl> , which however was not published until a century later.", "paragraph_id": "5d6656942b22cd4dfcfbdc4a"}
{"question": "State governments within the United States are allowed to do what regarding their own laws?", "paragraph": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "answer": "enact", "sentence": "may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law.", "paragraph_sentence": "While state governments within the United States <hl> may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. <hl> Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_answer": "While state governments within the United States may <hl> enact <hl> their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "sentence_answer": "may <hl> enact <hl> their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770a22b22cd4dfcfbfbc8"}
{"question": "Who offered generous credit to customers?", "paragraph": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "answer": "British merchants", "sentence": "Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods.", "paragraph_sentence": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. <hl> Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. <hl> From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "paragraph_answer": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because <hl> British merchants <hl> offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "sentence_answer": "Because <hl> British merchants <hl> offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods.", "paragraph_id": "5d676b992b22cd4dfcfbfacb"}
{"question": "When was communist revolution started in Germany and Hungary?", "paragraph": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "answer": "1918", "sentence": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. <hl> These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "paragraph_answer": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from <hl> 1918 <hl> to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "sentence_answer": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from <hl> 1918 <hl> to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6817132b22cd4dfcfc05a9"}
{"question": "What time period were the Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada?", "paragraph": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "answer": "3,000 BCE to 500 CE", "sentence": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE . <hl> The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "paragraph_answer": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of <hl> 3,000 BCE to 500 CE <hl>. The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "sentence_answer": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of <hl> 3,000 BCE to 500 CE <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6705f72b22cd4dfcfbeae2"}
{"question": "Why is the crust of the earth in that region depressed?", "paragraph": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "answer": "was caused by the weight of ice", "sentence": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. <hl> The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "paragraph_answer": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which <hl> was caused by the weight of ice <hl> during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "sentence_answer": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which <hl> was caused by the weight of ice <hl> during the last glaciation.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7b42b22cd4dfcfbccfc"}
{"question": "What gave power of the system of money to the rich bankers?", "paragraph": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "answer": "The Federal Reserve Act of 1913", "sentence": "The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies.", "paragraph_sentence": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. <hl> The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. <hl> When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "paragraph_answer": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like <hl> The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 <hl> that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "sentence_answer": "The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like <hl> The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 <hl> that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de972b22cd4dfcfbd02c"}
{"question": "When did the war became Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States?", "paragraph": "In 1979, the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. The West responded to the Soviet military actions by boycotting the Moscow Olympics of 1980 and providing clandestine support to the Mujahideen, including Osama bin Laden, as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s.", "answer": "1980s", "sentence": "The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1979, the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. The West responded to the Soviet military actions by boycotting the Moscow Olympics of 1980 and providing clandestine support to the Mujahideen, including Osama bin Laden, as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. <hl> The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1979, the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. The West responded to the Soviet military actions by boycotting the Moscow Olympics of 1980 and providing clandestine support to the Mujahideen, including Osama bin Laden, as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the <hl> 1980s <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the <hl> 1980s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7072b22cd4dfcfc01e2"}
{"question": "Who did Mitt Romney lose to?", "paragraph": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. In the aftermath of the loss, some prominent Republicans spoke out against their own party; for example, 1996 Republican Presidential candidate and longtime former Senator Bob Dole said, \"today's GOP members are too conservative and overly partisan. They ought to put a sign on the National Committee doors that says closed for repairs\". Former Senator Olympia Snowe of Maine stated as well that she was in agreement with Dole. Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (under George H.W. Bush) and former Secretary of State (under George W. Bush) Colin Powell remarked that the GOP has \"a dark vein of intolerance in some parts of the party\", commenting about the birther movement \"[w]hy do senior Republican leaders tolerate this kind of discussion within the party?\" and \"I think the party has to take a look at itself.\" The CRNC released a report in June 2013 that was highly critical of the party, being titled \"Grand Old Party for a Brand New Generation\".", "answer": "incumbent President Barack Obama", "sentence": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama , the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama , the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. <hl> In the aftermath of the loss, some prominent Republicans spoke out against their own party; for example, 1996 Republican Presidential candidate and longtime former Senator Bob Dole said, \"today's GOP members are too conservative and overly partisan. They ought to put a sign on the National Committee doors that says closed for repairs\". Former Senator Olympia Snowe of Maine stated as well that she was in agreement with Dole. Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (under George H.W. Bush) and former Secretary of State (under George W. Bush) Colin Powell remarked that the GOP has \"a dark vein of intolerance in some parts of the party\", commenting about the birther movement \"[w]hy do senior Republican leaders tolerate this kind of discussion within the party?\" and \"I think the party has to take a look at itself.\" The CRNC released a report in June 2013 that was highly critical of the party, being titled \"Grand Old Party for a Brand New Generation\".", "paragraph_answer": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to <hl> incumbent President Barack Obama <hl>, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. In the aftermath of the loss, some prominent Republicans spoke out against their own party; for example, 1996 Republican Presidential candidate and longtime former Senator Bob Dole said, \"today's GOP members are too conservative and overly partisan. They ought to put a sign on the National Committee doors that says closed for repairs\". Former Senator Olympia Snowe of Maine stated as well that she was in agreement with Dole. Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (under George H.W. Bush) and former Secretary of State (under George W. Bush) Colin Powell remarked that the GOP has \"a dark vein of intolerance in some parts of the party\", commenting about the birther movement \"[w]hy do senior Republican leaders tolerate this kind of discussion within the party?\" and \"I think the party has to take a look at itself.\" The CRNC released a report in June 2013 that was highly critical of the party, being titled \"Grand Old Party for a Brand New Generation\".", "sentence_answer": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to <hl> incumbent President Barack Obama <hl> , the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d9612b22cd4dfcfc0313"}
{"question": "What are the two main terminals for the New York City area commuter rails?", "paragraph": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "answer": "Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal", "sentence": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal , on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal , on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. <hl> They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at <hl> Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal <hl>, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "sentence_answer": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at <hl> Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal <hl> , on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e0c2b22cd4dfcfbec6a"}
{"question": "Which seminary does the Great House of Cilicia operate?", "paragraph": "The Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin operates two seminaries, the Gevorkian Theological Seminary at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, and the Vaskenian Theological Academy at Lake Sevan. Over a 6-year course of simultaneous study, students receive both a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in Theology. The Great House of Cilicia operates one seminary, the Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya, Lebanon. Upon graduation, students receive the equivalent of a high school diploma and pre-graduate theological study.", "answer": "Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya", "sentence": "The Great House of Cilicia operates one seminary, the Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya , Lebanon.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin operates two seminaries, the Gevorkian Theological Seminary at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, and the Vaskenian Theological Academy at Lake Sevan. Over a 6-year course of simultaneous study, students receive both a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in Theology. <hl> The Great House of Cilicia operates one seminary, the Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya , Lebanon. <hl> Upon graduation, students receive the equivalent of a high school diploma and pre-graduate theological study.", "paragraph_answer": "The Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin operates two seminaries, the Gevorkian Theological Seminary at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, and the Vaskenian Theological Academy at Lake Sevan. Over a 6-year course of simultaneous study, students receive both a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in Theology. The Great House of Cilicia operates one seminary, the <hl> Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya <hl>, Lebanon. Upon graduation, students receive the equivalent of a high school diploma and pre-graduate theological study.", "sentence_answer": "The Great House of Cilicia operates one seminary, the <hl> Seminary of Antelias at Bikfaya <hl> , Lebanon.", "paragraph_id": "5d657b7f2b22cd4dfcfbc971"}
{"question": "What was the worth of exports produced in 2005?", "paragraph": "As expected for a city of its size, Istanbul has a diverse industrial economy, producing commodities as varied as olive oil, tobacco, vehicles, and electronics. Despite having a focus on high-value-added work, its low-value-added manufacturing sector is substantial, representing just 26 percent of Istanbul's GDP, but four-fifths of the city's total exports. In 2005, companies based in Istanbul produced exports worth $41.4 billion and received imports totaling $69.9 billion; these figures were equivalent to 57 percent and 60 percent, respectively, of the national totals.", "answer": "$41.4 billion", "sentence": "In 2005, companies based in Istanbul produced exports worth $41.4 billion and received imports totaling $69.9 billion; these figures were equivalent to 57 percent and 60 percent, respectively, of the national totals.", "paragraph_sentence": "As expected for a city of its size, Istanbul has a diverse industrial economy, producing commodities as varied as olive oil, tobacco, vehicles, and electronics. Despite having a focus on high-value-added work, its low-value-added manufacturing sector is substantial, representing just 26 percent of Istanbul's GDP, but four-fifths of the city's total exports. <hl> In 2005, companies based in Istanbul produced exports worth $41.4 billion and received imports totaling $69.9 billion; these figures were equivalent to 57 percent and 60 percent, respectively, of the national totals. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "As expected for a city of its size, Istanbul has a diverse industrial economy, producing commodities as varied as olive oil, tobacco, vehicles, and electronics. Despite having a focus on high-value-added work, its low-value-added manufacturing sector is substantial, representing just 26 percent of Istanbul's GDP, but four-fifths of the city's total exports. In 2005, companies based in Istanbul produced exports worth <hl> $41.4 billion <hl> and received imports totaling $69.9 billion; these figures were equivalent to 57 percent and 60 percent, respectively, of the national totals.", "sentence_answer": "In 2005, companies based in Istanbul produced exports worth <hl> $41.4 billion <hl> and received imports totaling $69.9 billion; these figures were equivalent to 57 percent and 60 percent, respectively, of the national totals.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f0292b22cd4dfcfbd332"}
{"question": "Who joined the Waterbury company?", "paragraph": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "answer": "soldiers", "sentence": "Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. <hl> Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough <hl> soldiers <hl> to join the Waterbury company.", "sentence_answer": "Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough <hl> soldiers <hl> to join the Waterbury company.", "paragraph_id": "5d662a912b22cd4dfcfbda74"}
{"question": "When is the refurbishment of Westgate Shopping centre expected to complete?", "paragraph": "There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre. The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street. It is quite small and contains a number of chain stores and a supermarket. The Westgate Shopping Centre is to undergo a large and controversial refurbishment; the plans involve tripling the size of the centre to 750,000 sq ft (70,000 m2), a new 1,335 space underground car park and 90 new shops and bars, including a 230,000 sq ft (21,000 m2) John Lewis department store. There is to be a new and improved transport system, a complete refurbishment of the existing centre and the surrounding Bonn Square area. The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011, although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "answer": "2011", "sentence": "The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011 , although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre. The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street. It is quite small and contains a number of chain stores and a supermarket. The Westgate Shopping Centre is to undergo a large and controversial refurbishment; the plans involve tripling the size of the centre to 750,000 sq ft (70,000 m2), a new 1,335 space underground car park and 90 new shops and bars, including a 230,000 sq ft (21,000 m2) John Lewis department store. There is to be a new and improved transport system, a complete refurbishment of the existing centre and the surrounding Bonn Square area. <hl> The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011 , although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre. The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street. It is quite small and contains a number of chain stores and a supermarket. The Westgate Shopping Centre is to undergo a large and controversial refurbishment; the plans involve tripling the size of the centre to 750,000 sq ft (70,000 m2), a new 1,335 space underground car park and 90 new shops and bars, including a 230,000 sq ft (21,000 m2) John Lewis department store. There is to be a new and improved transport system, a complete refurbishment of the existing centre and the surrounding Bonn Square area. The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in <hl> 2011 <hl>, although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "sentence_answer": "The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in <hl> 2011 <hl> , although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750922b22cd4dfcfbf68c"}
{"question": "According to the most common convention, a formula with free variables is satisfied regardless of what?", "paragraph": "Satisfiability of formulas with free variables is more complicated, because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula. The most common convention is that a formula with free variables is said to be satisfied by an interpretation if the formula remains true regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables. This has the same effect as saying that a formula is satisfied if and only if its universal closure is satisfied.", "answer": "regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables", "sentence": "The most common convention is that a formula with free variables is said to be satisfied by an interpretation if the formula remains true regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables .", "paragraph_sentence": "Satisfiability of formulas with free variables is more complicated, because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula. <hl> The most common convention is that a formula with free variables is said to be satisfied by an interpretation if the formula remains true regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables . <hl> This has the same effect as saying that a formula is satisfied if and only if its universal closure is satisfied.", "paragraph_answer": "Satisfiability of formulas with free variables is more complicated, because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula. The most common convention is that a formula with free variables is said to be satisfied by an interpretation if the formula remains true <hl> regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables <hl>. This has the same effect as saying that a formula is satisfied if and only if its universal closure is satisfied.", "sentence_answer": "The most common convention is that a formula with free variables is said to be satisfied by an interpretation if the formula remains true <hl> regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6646b72b22cd4dfcfbdbda"}
{"question": "When did feminist scholars revisit oral histories?", "paragraph": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\" She describes \"retrofitted memory\" as a form of countermemory that creates a transformative and fluid alternative archive that creates space for women's feminist consciousness within the hegemonic narratives which erase them. By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused.", "answer": "early 1960s to the early 1980s", "sentence": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. <hl> By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\" She describes \"retrofitted memory\" as a form of countermemory that creates a transformative and fluid alternative archive that creates space for women's feminist consciousness within the hegemonic narratives which erase them. By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused.", "paragraph_answer": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the <hl> early 1960s to the early 1980s <hl> to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\" She describes \"retrofitted memory\" as a form of countermemory that creates a transformative and fluid alternative archive that creates space for women's feminist consciousness within the hegemonic narratives which erase them. By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused.", "sentence_answer": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the <hl> early 1960s to the early 1980s <hl> to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f1382b22cd4dfcfbe6a0"}
{"question": "Is the term \"Gestapo\" a syllabic or acrimonious term?", "paragraph": "To a greater degree than English does, German tends toward acronyms that use initial syllables rather than initial single letters, although it uses many of the latter type as well. Some examples of the syllabic type are Gestapo rather than GSP (for Geheime Staatspolizei, 'secret state police'); Flak rather than FAK (for Fliegerabwehrkanone, anti-aircraft gun); Kripo rather than KP (for Kriminalpolizei, detective division police). The extension of such contraction to a pervasive or whimsical degree has been mockingly labeled Ak\u00fcfi (for Abk\u00fcrzungsfimmel, strange habit of abbreviating). Examples of Ak\u00fcfi include Vokuhila (for vorne kurz, hinten lang, short in the front, long in the back, i.e., a mullet) and the mocking of Adolf Hitler's title as Gr\u00f6faz (Gr\u00f6\u00dfter Feldherr aller Zeiten, Greatest General of all Times).", "answer": "syllabic", "sentence": "Some examples of the syllabic type are Gestapo rather than GSP (for Geheime Staatspolizei, 'secret state police'); Flak rather than FAK (for Fliegerabwehrkanone, anti-aircraft gun); Kripo rather than KP (for Kriminalpolizei, detective division police).", "paragraph_sentence": "To a greater degree than English does, German tends toward acronyms that use initial syllables rather than initial single letters, although it uses many of the latter type as well. <hl> Some examples of the syllabic type are Gestapo rather than GSP (for Geheime Staatspolizei, 'secret state police'); Flak rather than FAK (for Fliegerabwehrkanone, anti-aircraft gun); Kripo rather than KP (for Kriminalpolizei, detective division police). <hl> The extension of such contraction to a pervasive or whimsical degree has been mockingly labeled Ak\u00fcfi (for Abk\u00fcrzungsfimmel, strange habit of abbreviating). Examples of Ak\u00fcfi include Vokuhila (for vorne kurz, hinten lang, short in the front, long in the back, i.e., a mullet) and the mocking of Adolf Hitler's title as Gr\u00f6faz (Gr\u00f6\u00dfter Feldherr aller Zeiten, Greatest General of all Times).", "paragraph_answer": "To a greater degree than English does, German tends toward acronyms that use initial syllables rather than initial single letters, although it uses many of the latter type as well. Some examples of the <hl> syllabic <hl> type are Gestapo rather than GSP (for Geheime Staatspolizei, 'secret state police'); Flak rather than FAK (for Fliegerabwehrkanone, anti-aircraft gun); Kripo rather than KP (for Kriminalpolizei, detective division police). The extension of such contraction to a pervasive or whimsical degree has been mockingly labeled Ak\u00fcfi (for Abk\u00fcrzungsfimmel, strange habit of abbreviating). Examples of Ak\u00fcfi include Vokuhila (for vorne kurz, hinten lang, short in the front, long in the back, i.e., a mullet) and the mocking of Adolf Hitler's title as Gr\u00f6faz (Gr\u00f6\u00dfter Feldherr aller Zeiten, Greatest General of all Times).", "sentence_answer": "Some examples of the <hl> syllabic <hl> type are Gestapo rather than GSP (for Geheime Staatspolizei, 'secret state police'); Flak rather than FAK (for Fliegerabwehrkanone, anti-aircraft gun); Kripo rather than KP (for Kriminalpolizei, detective division police).", "paragraph_id": "5d657d342b22cd4dfcfbc9a3"}
{"question": "what does first order logic uses quantified variables over", "paragraph": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects.  It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "answer": "(non-logical) objects", "sentence": "First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects .", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. <hl> First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects . <hl> It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over <hl> (non-logical) objects <hl>. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "sentence_answer": "First-order logic uses quantified variables over <hl> (non-logical) objects <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6618df2b22cd4dfcfbd874"}
{"question": "What issue increases homelessness for women?", "paragraph": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Poverty and homelessness have also become methods of 'disruption' used against political activists, such as members of the Occupy Movement. Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless.  Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "answer": "domestic violence", "sentence": " Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "paragraph_sentence": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Poverty and homelessness have also become methods of 'disruption' used against political activists, such as members of the Occupy Movement. Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless. <hl> Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Poverty and homelessness have also become methods of 'disruption' used against political activists, such as members of the Occupy Movement. Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless. Incidents of <hl> domestic violence <hl> contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "sentence_answer": " Incidents of <hl> domestic violence <hl> contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5462b22cd4dfcfbce69"}
{"question": "Who was the Windows 9x operating systems intended to be used by?", "paragraph": "The next major version of Windows NT, Windows XP, was released on October 25, 2001. The introduction of Windows XP aimed to unify the consumer-oriented Windows 9x series with the architecture introduced by Windows NT, a change which Microsoft promised would provide better performance over its DOS-based predecessors. Windows XP would also introduce a redesigned user interface (including an updated Start menu and a \"task-oriented\" Windows Explorer), streamlined multimedia and networking features, Internet Explorer 6, integration with Microsoft's .NET Passport services, modes to help provide compatibility with software designed for previous versions of Windows, and Remote Assistance functionality.", "answer": "consumer", "sentence": "The introduction of Windows XP aimed to unify the consumer -oriented Windows 9x series with the architecture introduced by Windows NT, a change which Microsoft promised would provide better performance over its DOS-based predecessors.", "paragraph_sentence": "The next major version of Windows NT, Windows XP, was released on October 25, 2001. <hl> The introduction of Windows XP aimed to unify the consumer -oriented Windows 9x series with the architecture introduced by Windows NT, a change which Microsoft promised would provide better performance over its DOS-based predecessors. <hl> Windows XP would also introduce a redesigned user interface (including an updated Start menu and a \"task-oriented\" Windows Explorer), streamlined multimedia and networking features, Internet Explorer 6, integration with Microsoft's .NET Passport services, modes to help provide compatibility with software designed for previous versions of Windows, and Remote Assistance functionality.", "paragraph_answer": "The next major version of Windows NT, Windows XP, was released on October 25, 2001. The introduction of Windows XP aimed to unify the <hl> consumer <hl>-oriented Windows 9x series with the architecture introduced by Windows NT, a change which Microsoft promised would provide better performance over its DOS-based predecessors. Windows XP would also introduce a redesigned user interface (including an updated Start menu and a \"task-oriented\" Windows Explorer), streamlined multimedia and networking features, Internet Explorer 6, integration with Microsoft's .NET Passport services, modes to help provide compatibility with software designed for previous versions of Windows, and Remote Assistance functionality.", "sentence_answer": "The introduction of Windows XP aimed to unify the <hl> consumer <hl> -oriented Windows 9x series with the architecture introduced by Windows NT, a change which Microsoft promised would provide better performance over its DOS-based predecessors.", "paragraph_id": "5d67128c2b22cd4dfcfbee02"}
{"question": "Who besides the Germans was terrorizing the local population?", "paragraph": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "answer": "collaborationist militias", "sentence": "Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population.", "paragraph_sentence": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. <hl> Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. <hl> The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with <hl> collaborationist militias <hl> roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with <hl> collaborationist militias <hl> roaming the countryside terrorizing the population.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703ff2b22cd4dfcfbea92"}
{"question": "What is the name for the set of all permissible outputs for a given function?", "paragraph": "The input to a function is called the argument and the output is called the value. The set of all permitted inputs to a given function is called the domain of the function, while the set of permissible outputs is called the codomain. Thus, the domain of the \"color-of-the-shape function\" is the set of the four shapes, and the codomain consists of the five colors. The concept of a function does not require that every possible output is the value of some argument, e.g. the color blue is not the color of any of the four shapes in X.", "answer": "codomain", "sentence": "The set of all permitted inputs to a given function is called the domain of the function, while the set of permissible outputs is called the codomain .", "paragraph_sentence": "The input to a function is called the argument and the output is called the value. <hl> The set of all permitted inputs to a given function is called the domain of the function, while the set of permissible outputs is called the codomain . <hl> Thus, the domain of the \"color-of-the-shape function\" is the set of the four shapes, and the codomain consists of the five colors. The concept of a function does not require that every possible output is the value of some argument, e.g. the color blue is not the color of any of the four shapes in X.", "paragraph_answer": "The input to a function is called the argument and the output is called the value. The set of all permitted inputs to a given function is called the domain of the function, while the set of permissible outputs is called the <hl> codomain <hl>. Thus, the domain of the \"color-of-the-shape function\" is the set of the four shapes, and the codomain consists of the five colors. The concept of a function does not require that every possible output is the value of some argument, e.g. the color blue is not the color of any of the four shapes in X.", "sentence_answer": "The set of all permitted inputs to a given function is called the domain of the function, while the set of permissible outputs is called the <hl> codomain <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6686bb2b22cd4dfcfbe1c3"}
{"question": "Where bridges common in Oxenaforda?", "paragraph": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"Oxenaforda\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time. It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900. In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes.", "answer": "fords were more common than bridges", "sentence": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"Oxenaforda\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"Oxenaforda\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); fords were more common than bridges at that time. <hl> It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900. In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"Oxenaforda\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); <hl> fords were more common than bridges <hl> at that time. It began with the establishment of a river crossing for oxen around AD 900. In the 10th century, Oxford became an important military frontier town between the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex and was on several occasions raided by Danes.", "sentence_answer": "Oxford was first settled in Saxon times and was initially known as \"Oxenaforda\", meaning \"Ford of the Oxen\" (according to the English Place-Name Society, who base their result on a passing reference in Florence of Worcester's work \"Chronicon ex chronicis\"); <hl> fords were more common than bridges <hl> at that time.", "paragraph_id": "5d6735ca2b22cd4dfcfbf291"}
{"question": "What is the name of the ancient indigenous religion?", "paragraph": "Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. These religions have a long history in Manipur. Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion. Sanamahi worship is concentrated around the Sun God/Sanamahi. The early Manipuri worshiped a Supreme deity, Lainingthou Soralel, and followed their ancestors. Their ancestor worship and animism was based on Umang Lai \u2013 ethnic governing deities worshiped in sacred groves. Some of the traditional deities (Lais) whom Manipuri worship are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Oknarel, Panganba, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbaren, and Koubru.", "answer": "Sanamahism", "sentence": "Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion.", "paragraph_sentence": "Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. These religions have a long history in Manipur. <hl> Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion. <hl> Sanamahi worship is concentrated around the Sun God/Sanamahi. The early Manipuri worshiped a Supreme deity, Lainingthou Soralel, and followed their ancestors. Their ancestor worship and animism was based on Umang Lai \u2013 ethnic governing deities worshiped in sacred groves. Some of the traditional deities (Lais) whom Manipuri worship are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Oknarel, Panganba, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbaren, and Koubru.", "paragraph_answer": "Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. These religions have a long history in Manipur. <hl> Sanamahism <hl> is the ancient indigenous religion. Sanamahi worship is concentrated around the Sun God/Sanamahi. The early Manipuri worshiped a Supreme deity, Lainingthou Soralel, and followed their ancestors. Their ancestor worship and animism was based on Umang Lai \u2013 ethnic governing deities worshiped in sacred groves. Some of the traditional deities (Lais) whom Manipuri worship are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Oknarel, Panganba, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbaren, and Koubru.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Sanamahism <hl> is the ancient indigenous religion.", "paragraph_id": "5d6835e92b22cd4dfcfc067f"}
{"question": "How many job creation arguments did Bittle & Johnson explore?", "paragraph": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "answer": "14", "sentence": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_sentence": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. <hl> Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. <hl> These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "paragraph_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of <hl> 14 <hl> job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "sentence_answer": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of <hl> 14 <hl> job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e3e2b22cd4dfcfbec8a"}
{"question": "Which series were the first two that were major successes for the Soviet Union and Canada?", "paragraph": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "answer": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes,", "sentence": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. <hl> In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, <hl> and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, <hl> and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3fa2b22cd4dfcfbd140"}
{"question": "From which expanded term did the simplistic term \"Changwei\" derive?", "paragraph": "There are also cases where some longer phrases are abbreviated drastically, especially in Chinese politics, where proper nouns were initially translated from Soviet Leninist terms. For instance, the full name of China's highest ruling council, the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), is \"Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a). The term then reduced the \"Communist Party of China\" part of its name through acronyms, then the \"Standing Committee\" part, again through acronyms, to create \"\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\". Alternatively, it omitted the \"Communist Party\" part altogether, creating \"Politburo Standing Committee\" (\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a), and eventually just \"Standing Committee\" (\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a). The PSC's members full designations are \"Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458); this was eventually drastically reduced to simply Changwei (\u5e38\u59d4), with the term Ruchang (\u5165\u5e38) used increasingly for officials destined for a future seat on the PSC. In another example, the word \"\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\" (National People's Congress) can be broken into four parts: \"\u5168\u56fd\" = \"the whole nation\", \"\u4eba\u6c11\" = \"people\", \"\u4ee3\u8868\" = \"representatives\", \"\u5927\u4f1a\" = \"conference\". Yet, in its short form \"\u4eba\u5927\" (literally \"man/people big\"), only the first characters from the second and the fourth parts are selected; the first part (\"\u5168\u56fd\") and the third part (\"\u4ee3\u8868\") are simply ignored. In describing such abbreviations, the term initialism is inapplicable.[original research?]", "answer": "Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China", "sentence": "The PSC's members full designations are \" Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China \" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458); this was eventually drastically reduced to simply Changwei (\u5e38\u59d4), with the term Ruchang (\u5165\u5e38) used increasingly for officials destined for a future seat on the PSC.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also cases where some longer phrases are abbreviated drastically, especially in Chinese politics, where proper nouns were initially translated from Soviet Leninist terms. For instance, the full name of China's highest ruling council, the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), is \"Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a). The term then reduced the \"Communist Party of China\" part of its name through acronyms, then the \"Standing Committee\" part, again through acronyms, to create \"\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\". Alternatively, it omitted the \"Communist Party\" part altogether, creating \"Politburo Standing Committee\" (\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a), and eventually just \"Standing Committee\" (\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a). <hl> The PSC's members full designations are \" Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China \" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458); this was eventually drastically reduced to simply Changwei (\u5e38\u59d4), with the term Ruchang (\u5165\u5e38) used increasingly for officials destined for a future seat on the PSC. <hl> In another example, the word \"\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\" (National People's Congress) can be broken into four parts: \"\u5168\u56fd\" = \"the whole nation\", \"\u4eba\u6c11\" = \"people\", \"\u4ee3\u8868\" = \"representatives\", \"\u5927\u4f1a\" = \"conference\". Yet, in its short form \"\u4eba\u5927\" (literally \"man/people big\"), only the first characters from the second and the fourth parts are selected; the first part (\"\u5168\u56fd\") and the third part (\"\u4ee3\u8868\") are simply ignored. In describing such abbreviations, the term initialism is inapplicable.[original research?]", "paragraph_answer": "There are also cases where some longer phrases are abbreviated drastically, especially in Chinese politics, where proper nouns were initially translated from Soviet Leninist terms. For instance, the full name of China's highest ruling council, the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), is \"Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a). The term then reduced the \"Communist Party of China\" part of its name through acronyms, then the \"Standing Committee\" part, again through acronyms, to create \"\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\". Alternatively, it omitted the \"Communist Party\" part altogether, creating \"Politburo Standing Committee\" (\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a), and eventually just \"Standing Committee\" (\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a). The PSC's members full designations are \"<hl> Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China <hl>\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458); this was eventually drastically reduced to simply Changwei (\u5e38\u59d4), with the term Ruchang (\u5165\u5e38) used increasingly for officials destined for a future seat on the PSC. In another example, the word \"\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\" (National People's Congress) can be broken into four parts: \"\u5168\u56fd\" = \"the whole nation\", \"\u4eba\u6c11\" = \"people\", \"\u4ee3\u8868\" = \"representatives\", \"\u5927\u4f1a\" = \"conference\". Yet, in its short form \"\u4eba\u5927\" (literally \"man/people big\"), only the first characters from the second and the fourth parts are selected; the first part (\"\u5168\u56fd\") and the third part (\"\u4ee3\u8868\") are simply ignored. In describing such abbreviations, the term initialism is inapplicable.[original research?]", "sentence_answer": "The PSC's members full designations are \" <hl> Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China <hl> \" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458); this was eventually drastically reduced to simply Changwei (\u5e38\u59d4), with the term Ruchang (\u5165\u5e38) used increasingly for officials destined for a future seat on the PSC.", "paragraph_id": "5d657b982b22cd4dfcfbc977"}
{"question": "When did diving become a minor penalty?", "paragraph": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "answer": "2005\u20132006 season", "sentence": "As of the 2005\u20132006 season , a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence.", "paragraph_sentence": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". <hl> As of the 2005\u20132006 season , a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. <hl> More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "paragraph_answer": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the <hl> 2005\u20132006 season <hl>, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "sentence_answer": "As of the <hl> 2005\u20132006 season <hl> , a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence.", "paragraph_id": "5d6635d62b22cd4dfcfbdaee"}
{"question": "What occurs during low reliefs?", "paragraph": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less.  It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.  These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "answer": "relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted", "sentence": "In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted , and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image.", "paragraph_sentence": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. <hl> In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted , and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. <hl> Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "paragraph_answer": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the <hl> relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted <hl>, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "sentence_answer": "In the lowest reliefs the <hl> relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted <hl> , and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c50f2b22cd4dfcfc018f"}
{"question": "Is there a relationship between heart disease and economic inequality?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. \n The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "answer": "a cause and effect relationship", "sentence": "Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship .", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. <hl> Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship . <hl> Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying <hl> a cause and effect relationship <hl>. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "sentence_answer": "Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying <hl> a cause and effect relationship <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d0c72b22cd4dfcfbcdd6"}
{"question": "Besides written, what type of side agreement might occur?", "paragraph": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "answer": "oral", "sentence": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral , that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral , that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. <hl> Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "paragraph_answer": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or <hl> oral <hl>, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "sentence_answer": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or <hl> oral <hl> , that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8e82b22cd4dfcfbcd69"}
{"question": "What year was the slave trade outlawed with the United States?", "paragraph": "The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. Rodney states that changes in productivity, technology and patterns of exchange in Europe and the Americas informed the decision by the British to end their participation in the trade in 1807. In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "answer": "In 1809", "sentence": "In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. Rodney states that changes in productivity, technology and patterns of exchange in Europe and the Americas informed the decision by the British to end their participation in the trade in 1807. <hl> In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. Rodney states that changes in productivity, technology and patterns of exchange in Europe and the Americas informed the decision by the British to end their participation in the trade in 1807. <hl> In 1809 <hl> President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In 1809 <hl> President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fb2f2b22cd4dfcfbd4c2"}
{"question": "In which years do the students need to pass the federally administered exam?", "paragraph": "The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung), administered nationally. Upon completion, the students advance to the clinical stage, where they receive three years of training and education in the clinical subjects (e.g., internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pathology, etc.). The last year of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). Students are required to spend three four-month clerkships, two of them in a hospital (internal medicine and surgery) as well as one elective, which can be one of the other clinical subjects (e. g. family medicine, anesthesiology, neurology, pediatrics, radiology etc.).", "answer": "first two years", "sentence": "The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. <hl> During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung), administered nationally. Upon completion, the students advance to the clinical stage, where they receive three years of training and education in the clinical subjects (e.g., internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pathology, etc.). The last year of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). Students are required to spend three four-month clerkships, two of them in a hospital (internal medicine and surgery) as well as one elective, which can be one of the other clinical subjects (e. g. family medicine, anesthesiology, neurology, pediatrics, radiology etc.).", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> first two years <hl> of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung), administered nationally. Upon completion, the students advance to the clinical stage, where they receive three years of training and education in the clinical subjects (e.g., internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pathology, etc.). The last year of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). Students are required to spend three four-month clerkships, two of them in a hospital (internal medicine and surgery) as well as one elective, which can be one of the other clinical subjects (e. g. family medicine, anesthesiology, neurology, pediatrics, radiology etc.).", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> first two years <hl> of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7212b22cd4dfcfbce9f"}
{"question": "In what year was a meeting told about white college men working with poor white men?", "paragraph": "In 1968, an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.' He pointed out that such activities did much to enhance the political consciousness of poor white youth. A woman in the audience asked, 'And what did it do for the consciousness of the chick?'\" (Hole, Judith, and Ellen Levine, Rebirth of Feminism, 1971, pg. 120). After the meeting, a handful of women formed Seattle's first women's liberation group.", "answer": "1968", "sentence": "In 1968 , an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.'", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1968 , an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.' <hl> He pointed out that such activities did much to enhance the political consciousness of poor white youth. A woman in the audience asked, 'And what did it do for the consciousness of the chick?'\" (Hole, Judith, and Ellen Levine, Rebirth of Feminism, 1971, pg. 120). After the meeting, a handful of women formed Seattle's first women's liberation group.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1968 <hl>, an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.' He pointed out that such activities did much to enhance the political consciousness of poor white youth. A woman in the audience asked, 'And what did it do for the consciousness of the chick?'\" (Hole, Judith, and Ellen Levine, Rebirth of Feminism, 1971, pg. 120). After the meeting, a handful of women formed Seattle's first women's liberation group.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1968 <hl> , an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.'", "paragraph_id": "5d677e092b22cd4dfcfbfd5c"}
{"question": "What is the usual make up of a homeless family?", "paragraph": "According to the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the demand for emergency shelter in 270 U.S. cities increased 13 percent in 2001 and 25 percent in 2005. 22 percent of those requesting emergency shelter were turned away.\nTraditionally single men have constituted the majority of the homeless. In the 1980s there was a sharp rise in the number of homeless families in certain parts of the United States; notably New York City.[citation needed] Most homeless families consist of a single mother and children. A significant number of homeless people are teenagers and young adults, mostly runaways or street children. A 1960 survey by Temple University of Philadelphia's poor neighborhoods found that 75 percent of the homeless were over 45 years old, and 87 percent were white. In 1986, 86 percent were under age 45, and 87 percent were minorities.", "answer": "a single mother and children", "sentence": "In the 1980s there was a sharp rise in the number of homeless families in certain parts of the United States; notably New York City.[citation needed] Most homeless families consist of a single mother and children .", "paragraph_sentence": "According to the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the demand for emergency shelter in 270 U.S. cities increased 13 percent in 2001 and 25 percent in 2005. 22 percent of those requesting emergency shelter were turned away. Traditionally single men have constituted the majority of the homeless. <hl> In the 1980s there was a sharp rise in the number of homeless families in certain parts of the United States; notably New York City.[citation needed] Most homeless families consist of a single mother and children . <hl> A significant number of homeless people are teenagers and young adults, mostly runaways or street children. A 1960 survey by Temple University of Philadelphia's poor neighborhoods found that 75 percent of the homeless were over 45 years old, and 87 percent were white. In 1986, 86 percent were under age 45, and 87 percent were minorities.", "paragraph_answer": "According to the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the demand for emergency shelter in 270 U.S. cities increased 13 percent in 2001 and 25 percent in 2005. 22 percent of those requesting emergency shelter were turned away. Traditionally single men have constituted the majority of the homeless. In the 1980s there was a sharp rise in the number of homeless families in certain parts of the United States; notably New York City.[citation needed] Most homeless families consist of <hl> a single mother and children <hl>. A significant number of homeless people are teenagers and young adults, mostly runaways or street children. A 1960 survey by Temple University of Philadelphia's poor neighborhoods found that 75 percent of the homeless were over 45 years old, and 87 percent were white. In 1986, 86 percent were under age 45, and 87 percent were minorities.", "sentence_answer": "In the 1980s there was a sharp rise in the number of homeless families in certain parts of the United States; notably New York City.[citation needed] Most homeless families consist of <hl> a single mother and children <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661db82b22cd4dfcfbd92b"}
{"question": "Who infiltrated Partisans and Chetniks?", "paragraph": "To gather intelligence, agents of the western Allies were infiltrated into both the Partisans and the Chetniks. The intelligence gathered by liaisons to the resistance groups was crucial to the success of supply missions and was the primary influence on Allied strategy in Yugoslavia. The search for intelligence ultimately resulted in the demise of the Chetniks and their eclipse by Tito's Partisans. In 1942, although supplies were limited, token support was sent equally to each. The new year would bring a change. The Germans were executing Operation Schwarz (the Fifth anti-Partisan offensive), one of a series of offensives aimed at the resistance fighters, when F.W.D. Deakin was sent by the British to gather information.[citation needed]", "answer": "agents of the western Allies", "sentence": "To gather intelligence, agents of the western Allies were infiltrated into both the Partisans and the Chetniks.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> To gather intelligence, agents of the western Allies were infiltrated into both the Partisans and the Chetniks. <hl> The intelligence gathered by liaisons to the resistance groups was crucial to the success of supply missions and was the primary influence on Allied strategy in Yugoslavia. The search for intelligence ultimately resulted in the demise of the Chetniks and their eclipse by Tito's Partisans. In 1942, although supplies were limited, token support was sent equally to each. The new year would bring a change. The Germans were executing Operation Schwarz (the Fifth anti-Partisan offensive), one of a series of offensives aimed at the resistance fighters, when F.W.D. Deakin was sent by the British to gather information.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "To gather intelligence, <hl> agents of the western Allies <hl> were infiltrated into both the Partisans and the Chetniks. The intelligence gathered by liaisons to the resistance groups was crucial to the success of supply missions and was the primary influence on Allied strategy in Yugoslavia. The search for intelligence ultimately resulted in the demise of the Chetniks and their eclipse by Tito's Partisans. In 1942, although supplies were limited, token support was sent equally to each. The new year would bring a change. The Germans were executing Operation Schwarz (the Fifth anti-Partisan offensive), one of a series of offensives aimed at the resistance fighters, when F.W.D. Deakin was sent by the British to gather information.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "To gather intelligence, <hl> agents of the western Allies <hl> were infiltrated into both the Partisans and the Chetniks.", "paragraph_id": "5d67094e2b22cd4dfcfbeb84"}
{"question": "What legal expression expresses predicates that are true or false?", "paragraph": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal.  There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "answer": "formulas", "sentence": " There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas , which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal. <hl> There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and formulas , which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. <hl> The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike natural languages, such as English, the language of first-order logic is completely formal, so that it can be mechanically determined whether a given expression is legal. There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and <hl> formulas <hl>, which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false. The terms and formulas of first-order logic are strings of symbols which together form the alphabet of the language. As with all formal languages, the nature of the symbols themselves is outside the scope of formal logic; they are often regarded simply as letters and punctuation symbols.", "sentence_answer": " There are two key types of legal expressions: terms, which intuitively represent objects, and <hl> formulas <hl> , which intuitively express predicates that can be true or false.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6b42b22cd4dfcfbccb3"}
{"question": "At least how many where killed in the Bleiburg killings?", "paragraph": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "answer": "30,000", "sentence": "Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. <hl> Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least <hl> 30,000 <hl> people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "sentence_answer": "Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least <hl> 30,000 <hl> people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "paragraph_id": "5d6721e62b22cd4dfcfbf015"}
{"question": "What are two states that have experienced inadvertent decentralization?", "paragraph": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies. However, it may occur as \"silent decentralization\" in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system.\nA variation on this is \"inadvertent decentralization\", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. In both China and Russia, lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "answer": "China and Russia", "sentence": "In both China and Russia , lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies. However, it may occur as \"silent decentralization\" in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system. A variation on this is \"inadvertent decentralization\", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. <hl> In both China and Russia , lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies. However, it may occur as \"silent decentralization\" in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system. A variation on this is \"inadvertent decentralization\", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. In both <hl> China and Russia <hl>, lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "sentence_answer": "In both <hl> China and Russia <hl> , lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6678262b22cd4dfcfbe033"}
{"question": "A selfish person who cares about nothing but themselves would be called what?", "paragraph": "Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, the bourgeoisie, and the old intelligentsia. Agitprop and various associations and institutions are used by the Marxist\u2013Leninist state to educate society with the values of communism. Both cultural and educational policy in Marxist\u2013Leninist states have emphasised the development of a \"New Man\"\u2014a class conscious, knowledgeable, heroic proletarian person devoted to work and social cohesion as opposed to the antithetic \"bourgeois individualist\" associated with cultural backwardness and social atomisation.", "answer": "the bourgeoisie", "sentence": "Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, the bourgeoisie , and the old intelligentsia.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, the bourgeoisie , and the old intelligentsia. <hl> Agitprop and various associations and institutions are used by the Marxist\u2013Leninist state to educate society with the values of communism. Both cultural and educational policy in Marxist\u2013Leninist states have emphasised the development of a \"New Man\"\u2014a class conscious, knowledgeable, heroic proletarian person devoted to work and social cohesion as opposed to the antithetic \"bourgeois individualist\" associated with cultural backwardness and social atomisation.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, <hl> the bourgeoisie <hl>, and the old intelligentsia. Agitprop and various associations and institutions are used by the Marxist\u2013Leninist state to educate society with the values of communism. Both cultural and educational policy in Marxist\u2013Leninist states have emphasised the development of a \"New Man\"\u2014a class conscious, knowledgeable, heroic proletarian person devoted to work and social cohesion as opposed to the antithetic \"bourgeois individualist\" associated with cultural backwardness and social atomisation.", "sentence_answer": "Marxist\u2013Leninist cultural policy focuses upon modernisation and distancing society from: the past, <hl> the bourgeoisie <hl> , and the old intelligentsia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713c52b22cd4dfcfbee42"}
{"question": "From which state Kukis want a state for themselves?", "paragraph": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur. The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. There were many tensions between the tribes and numerous clashes between Naga and Kukis, Meeteis and Muslims.", "answer": "Manipur", "sentence": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur . <hl> The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. There were many tensions between the tribes and numerous clashes between Naga and Kukis, Meeteis and Muslims.", "paragraph_answer": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of <hl> Manipur <hl>. The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. There were many tensions between the tribes and numerous clashes between Naga and Kukis, Meeteis and Muslims.", "sentence_answer": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of <hl> Manipur <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675f902b22cd4dfcfbf901"}
{"question": "what is the metabolic process for breaking down fatty acids to generate acetyl-CoA known as?", "paragraph": "Beta oxidation is the metabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate acetyl-CoA. For the most part, fatty acids are oxidized by a mechanism that is similar to, but not identical with, a reversal of the process of fatty acid synthesis. That is, two-carbon fragments are removed sequentially from the carboxyl end of the acid after steps of dehydrogenation, hydration, and oxidation to form a beta-keto acid, which is split by thiolysis. The acetyl-CoA is then ultimately converted into ATP, CO2, and H2O using the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. Hence the citric acid cycle can start at acetyl-CoA when fat is being broken down for energy if there is little or no glucose available. The energy yield of the complete oxidation of the fatty acid palmitate is 106 ATP. Unsaturated and odd-chain fatty acids require additional enzymatic steps for degradation.", "answer": "Beta oxidation", "sentence": "Beta oxidation is the metabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate acetyl-CoA.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Beta oxidation is the metabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate acetyl-CoA. <hl> For the most part, fatty acids are oxidized by a mechanism that is similar to, but not identical with, a reversal of the process of fatty acid synthesis. That is, two-carbon fragments are removed sequentially from the carboxyl end of the acid after steps of dehydrogenation, hydration, and oxidation to form a beta-keto acid, which is split by thiolysis. The acetyl-CoA is then ultimately converted into ATP, CO2, and H2O using the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. Hence the citric acid cycle can start at acetyl-CoA when fat is being broken down for energy if there is little or no glucose available. The energy yield of the complete oxidation of the fatty acid palmitate is 106 ATP. Unsaturated and odd-chain fatty acids require additional enzymatic steps for degradation.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Beta oxidation <hl> is the metabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate acetyl-CoA. For the most part, fatty acids are oxidized by a mechanism that is similar to, but not identical with, a reversal of the process of fatty acid synthesis. That is, two-carbon fragments are removed sequentially from the carboxyl end of the acid after steps of dehydrogenation, hydration, and oxidation to form a beta-keto acid, which is split by thiolysis. The acetyl-CoA is then ultimately converted into ATP, CO2, and H2O using the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. Hence the citric acid cycle can start at acetyl-CoA when fat is being broken down for energy if there is little or no glucose available. The energy yield of the complete oxidation of the fatty acid palmitate is 106 ATP. Unsaturated and odd-chain fatty acids require additional enzymatic steps for degradation.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Beta oxidation <hl> is the metabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate acetyl-CoA.", "paragraph_id": "5d6804d42b22cd4dfcfc0508"}
{"question": "What is the most popular smartphone OS?", "paragraph": "Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. However, since 2012, because of the massive growth of smartphones, Windows sells less than Android, which became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing platforms each operating system runs on; in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold were less than 25% of Android devices sold. However, comparisons across different markets are not fully relevant; and for personal computers, Windows is still the most popular operating system.", "answer": "Android", "sentence": "However, since 2012, because of the massive growth of smartphones, Windows sells less than Android , which became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing platforms each operating system runs on; in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold were less than 25% of Android devices sold.", "paragraph_sentence": "Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. <hl> However, since 2012, because of the massive growth of smartphones, Windows sells less than Android , which became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing platforms each operating system runs on; in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold were less than 25% of Android devices sold. <hl> However, comparisons across different markets are not fully relevant; and for personal computers, Windows is still the most popular operating system.", "paragraph_answer": "Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal computer market with over 90% market share, overtaking Mac OS, which had been introduced in 1984. However, since 2012, because of the massive growth of smartphones, Windows sells less than <hl> Android <hl>, which became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing platforms each operating system runs on; in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold were less than 25% of Android devices sold. However, comparisons across different markets are not fully relevant; and for personal computers, Windows is still the most popular operating system.", "sentence_answer": "However, since 2012, because of the massive growth of smartphones, Windows sells less than <hl> Android <hl> , which became the most popular operating system in 2014, when counting all of the computing platforms each operating system runs on; in 2014, the number of Windows devices sold were less than 25% of Android devices sold.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee342b22cd4dfcfbe59f"}
{"question": "What is the largest bird of its kind in the Western Hemisphere?", "paragraph": "The vicu\u00f1a and guanaco can be found living in the Altiplano, while the closely related domesticated llama and alpaca are widely kept by locals as pack animals and for their meat and wool. The crepuscular (active during dawn and dusk) chinchillas, two threatened members of the rodent order, inhabit the Andes' alpine regions. The Andean condor, the largest bird of its kind in the Western Hemisphere, occurs throughout much of the Andes but generally in very low densities. Other animals found in the relatively open habitats of the high Andes include the huemul, cougar, foxes in the genus Pseudalopex, and, for birds, certain species of tinamous (notably members of the genus Nothoprocta), Andean goose, giant coot, flamingos (mainly associated with hypersaline lakes), lesser rhea, Andean flicker, diademed sandpiper-plover, miners, sierra-finches and diuca-finches.", "answer": "Andean condor", "sentence": "The Andean condor , the largest bird of its kind in the Western Hemisphere, occurs throughout much of the Andes but generally in very low densities.", "paragraph_sentence": "The vicu\u00f1a and guanaco can be found living in the Altiplano, while the closely related domesticated llama and alpaca are widely kept by locals as pack animals and for their meat and wool. The crepuscular (active during dawn and dusk) chinchillas, two threatened members of the rodent order, inhabit the Andes' alpine regions. <hl> The Andean condor , the largest bird of its kind in the Western Hemisphere, occurs throughout much of the Andes but generally in very low densities. <hl> Other animals found in the relatively open habitats of the high Andes include the huemul, cougar, foxes in the genus Pseudalopex, and, for birds, certain species of tinamous (notably members of the genus Nothoprocta), Andean goose, giant coot, flamingos (mainly associated with hypersaline lakes), lesser rhea, Andean flicker, diademed sandpiper-plover, miners, sierra-finches and diuca-finches.", "paragraph_answer": "The vicu\u00f1a and guanaco can be found living in the Altiplano, while the closely related domesticated llama and alpaca are widely kept by locals as pack animals and for their meat and wool. The crepuscular (active during dawn and dusk) chinchillas, two threatened members of the rodent order, inhabit the Andes' alpine regions. The <hl> Andean condor <hl>, the largest bird of its kind in the Western Hemisphere, occurs throughout much of the Andes but generally in very low densities. Other animals found in the relatively open habitats of the high Andes include the huemul, cougar, foxes in the genus Pseudalopex, and, for birds, certain species of tinamous (notably members of the genus Nothoprocta), Andean goose, giant coot, flamingos (mainly associated with hypersaline lakes), lesser rhea, Andean flicker, diademed sandpiper-plover, miners, sierra-finches and diuca-finches.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Andean condor <hl> , the largest bird of its kind in the Western Hemisphere, occurs throughout much of the Andes but generally in very low densities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6586892b22cd4dfcfbc9f6"}
{"question": "When was the American Colonization Society founded?", "paragraph": "In 1816, a group of wealthy European-Americans, some of whom were abolitionists and others who were racial segregationists, founded the American Colonization Society with the express desire of returning African Americans who were in the United States to West Africa. In 1820, they sent their first ship to Liberia, and within a decade around two thousand African Americans had been settled in the west African country. Such re-settlement continued throughout the 19th century, increasing following the deterioration of race relations in the southern states of the US following Reconstruction in 1877.", "answer": "1816", "sentence": "In 1816 , a group of wealthy European-Americans, some of whom were abolitionists and others who were racial segregationists, founded the American Colonization Society with the express desire of returning African Americans who were in the United States to West Africa.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1816 , a group of wealthy European-Americans, some of whom were abolitionists and others who were racial segregationists, founded the American Colonization Society with the express desire of returning African Americans who were in the United States to West Africa. <hl> In 1820, they sent their first ship to Liberia, and within a decade around two thousand African Americans had been settled in the west African country. Such re-settlement continued throughout the 19th century, increasing following the deterioration of race relations in the southern states of the US following Reconstruction in 1877.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1816 <hl>, a group of wealthy European-Americans, some of whom were abolitionists and others who were racial segregationists, founded the American Colonization Society with the express desire of returning African Americans who were in the United States to West Africa. In 1820, they sent their first ship to Liberia, and within a decade around two thousand African Americans had been settled in the west African country. Such re-settlement continued throughout the 19th century, increasing following the deterioration of race relations in the southern states of the US following Reconstruction in 1877.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1816 <hl> , a group of wealthy European-Americans, some of whom were abolitionists and others who were racial segregationists, founded the American Colonization Society with the express desire of returning African Americans who were in the United States to West Africa.", "paragraph_id": "5d66857c2b22cd4dfcfbe194"}
{"question": "With what two teams did the WPHL join with to form the IPHL?", "paragraph": "Professional hockey has existed since the early 20th century. By 1902, the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League was the first to employ professionals. The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)\u2014in 1904. The WPHL and IPHL hired players from Canada; in response, Canadian leagues began to pay players (who played with amateurs). The IPHL, cut off from its largest source of players, disbanded in 1907. By then, several professional hockey leagues were operating in Canada (with leagues in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec).", "answer": "Michigan and Ontario", "sentence": "The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)\u2014in 1904.", "paragraph_sentence": "Professional hockey has existed since the early 20th century. By 1902, the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League was the first to employ professionals. <hl> The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)\u2014in 1904. <hl> The WPHL and IPHL hired players from Canada; in response, Canadian leagues began to pay players (who played with amateurs). The IPHL, cut off from its largest source of players, disbanded in 1907. By then, several professional hockey leagues were operating in Canada (with leagues in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec).", "paragraph_answer": "Professional hockey has existed since the early 20th century. By 1902, the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League was the first to employ professionals. The league joined with teams in <hl> Michigan and Ontario <hl> to form the first fully professional league\u2014the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)\u2014in 1904. The WPHL and IPHL hired players from Canada; in response, Canadian leagues began to pay players (who played with amateurs). The IPHL, cut off from its largest source of players, disbanded in 1907. By then, several professional hockey leagues were operating in Canada (with leagues in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec).", "sentence_answer": "The league joined with teams in <hl> Michigan and Ontario <hl> to form the first fully professional league\u2014the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)\u2014in 1904.", "paragraph_id": "5d666e172b22cd4dfcfbdeca"}
{"question": "Just like Peano arithmetic, what other theory are the axiomatizations of number and set theory?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. \nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. \nNo first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "answer": "Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory", "sentence": "\nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. <hl> Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. <hl> No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and <hl> Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory <hl> are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "sentence_answer": " Peano arithmetic and <hl> Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory <hl> are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b0212b22cd4dfcfbe3e6"}
{"question": "How many Los Angeles City Council members supported declaring a state of emergency on homelessness?", "paragraph": "In 2015, homelessness is considered an epidemic in several American cities. \"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\"  Homelessness in New York City has tripled since January 2000, from approximately 20,000 people using provided nightly shelter services to more than 60,000 in January 2015.  These counts do not include those persons who choose to stay away from shelter providers.", "answer": "seven", "sentence": "\"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2015, homelessness is considered an epidemic in several American cities. <hl> \"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and seven of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\" <hl> Homelessness in New York City has tripled since January 2000, from approximately 20,000 people using provided nightly shelter services to more than 60,000 in January 2015. These counts do not include those persons who choose to stay away from shelter providers.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2015, homelessness is considered an epidemic in several American cities. \"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and <hl> seven <hl> of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\" Homelessness in New York City has tripled since January 2000, from approximately 20,000 people using provided nightly shelter services to more than 60,000 in January 2015. These counts do not include those persons who choose to stay away from shelter providers.", "sentence_answer": "\"Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti and <hl> seven <hl> of the 15 City Council members announced they would declare a state of emergency and try to find $100 million to cure what has become a municipal curse.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65d4e32b22cd4dfcfbce57"}
{"question": "Where have the quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of brain activity changes  been reported?", "paragraph": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature.  In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "answer": "in the moral neuroscience literature", "sentence": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature . <hl> In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "paragraph_answer": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported <hl> in the moral neuroscience literature <hl>. In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "sentence_answer": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported <hl> in the moral neuroscience literature <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6768042b22cd4dfcfbfa41"}
{"question": "This evidence appears as what because of the sites being abandoned?", "paragraph": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. By contrast,   Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent.  \nMany grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP.\nUnlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "answer": "a \"false dawn\"", "sentence": "\nUnlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "paragraph_sentence": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent. Many grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP. <hl> Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent. Many grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP. Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as <hl> a \"false dawn\" <hl> to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "sentence_answer": " Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as <hl> a \"false dawn\" <hl> to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f31d2b22cd4dfcfbe70c"}
{"question": "Which type of seal requires ice to feed it's young?", "paragraph": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica), both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbours several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice.", "answer": "Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica)", "sentence": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica) , both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica) , both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. <hl> Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbours several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice.", "paragraph_answer": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the <hl> Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica) <hl>, both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface. Of these two seals, only the Baltic ringed seal suffers when there is not adequate ice in the Baltic Sea, as it feeds its young only while on ice. The grey seal is adapted to reproducing also with no ice in the sea. The sea ice also harbours several species of algae that live in the bottom and inside unfrozen brine pockets in the ice.", "sentence_answer": "The ice cover is the main habitat for two large mammals, the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and the <hl> Baltic ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica) <hl> , both of which feed underneath the ice and breed on its surface.", "paragraph_id": "5d6616c12b22cd4dfcfbd825"}
{"question": "What is one thing that both men's and women's ice hockey share besides the game of ice hockey itself?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "answer": "physical contact", "sentence": "Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. <hl> Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. <hl> Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the <hl> physical contact <hl> between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "sentence_answer": "Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the <hl> physical contact <hl> between the players.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8d62b22cd4dfcfbcd58"}
{"question": "What dish is typical in Turkey?", "paragraph": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "answer": "kebab", "sentence": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab , Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab , Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. <hl> Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "paragraph_answer": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like <hl> kebab <hl>, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "sentence_answer": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like <hl> kebab <hl> , Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb8f2b22cd4dfcfbd2a2"}
{"question": "What type of sheets were popular in the 1980s?", "paragraph": "In recent years the operational definition of insurance presented at the beginning of this article proved inadequate as a result of contracts that had the form but not the substance of insurance.  The essence of insurance is the transfer of risk from the insured to one or more insurers.  How much risk a contract actually transfers proved to be at the heart of the controversy. This issue arose most clearly in reinsurance, where the use of Financial Reinsurance to reengineer insurer balance sheets under US GAAP became fashionable during the 1980s.  The accounting profession raised serious concerns about the use of reinsurance in which little if any actual risk was transferred, and went on to address the issue in FAS 113, cited above.  While on its face, FAS 113 is limited to accounting for reinsurance transactions, the guidance it contains is generally conceded to be equally applicable to US GAAP accounting for insurance transactions executed by commercial enterprises.", "answer": "insurer balance", "sentence": "This issue arose most clearly in reinsurance, where the use of Financial Reinsurance to reengineer insurer balance sheets under US GAAP became fashionable during the 1980s.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years the operational definition of insurance presented at the beginning of this article proved inadequate as a result of contracts that had the form but not the substance of insurance. The essence of insurance is the transfer of risk from the insured to one or more insurers. How much risk a contract actually transfers proved to be at the heart of the controversy. <hl> This issue arose most clearly in reinsurance, where the use of Financial Reinsurance to reengineer insurer balance sheets under US GAAP became fashionable during the 1980s. <hl> The accounting profession raised serious concerns about the use of reinsurance in which little if any actual risk was transferred, and went on to address the issue in FAS 113, cited above. While on its face, FAS 113 is limited to accounting for reinsurance transactions, the guidance it contains is generally conceded to be equally applicable to US GAAP accounting for insurance transactions executed by commercial enterprises.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years the operational definition of insurance presented at the beginning of this article proved inadequate as a result of contracts that had the form but not the substance of insurance. The essence of insurance is the transfer of risk from the insured to one or more insurers. How much risk a contract actually transfers proved to be at the heart of the controversy. This issue arose most clearly in reinsurance, where the use of Financial Reinsurance to reengineer <hl> insurer balance <hl> sheets under US GAAP became fashionable during the 1980s. The accounting profession raised serious concerns about the use of reinsurance in which little if any actual risk was transferred, and went on to address the issue in FAS 113, cited above. While on its face, FAS 113 is limited to accounting for reinsurance transactions, the guidance it contains is generally conceded to be equally applicable to US GAAP accounting for insurance transactions executed by commercial enterprises.", "sentence_answer": "This issue arose most clearly in reinsurance, where the use of Financial Reinsurance to reengineer <hl> insurer balance <hl> sheets under US GAAP became fashionable during the 1980s.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6c92b22cd4dfcfbccbd"}
{"question": "When playing ice hockey, at what speeds are players moving?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "answer": "20 \u2013 30 mph", "sentence": "Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. <hl> Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. <hl> Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately <hl> 20 \u2013 30 mph <hl> and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "sentence_answer": "Players are moving at speeds around approximately <hl> 20 \u2013 30 mph <hl> and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8d62b22cd4dfcfbcd55"}
{"question": "How many years is basic science in Thai?", "paragraph": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. Upon graduation, all medical students must pass national medical licensing examinations and a university-based comprehensive test. After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. The students will receive Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. However the degree is equivalent to master's degree in Thailand.", "answer": "1 year", "sentence": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. <hl> Upon graduation, all medical students must pass national medical licensing examinations and a university-based comprehensive test. After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. The students will receive Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. However the degree is equivalent to master's degree in Thailand.", "paragraph_answer": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of <hl> 1 year <hl> in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. Upon graduation, all medical students must pass national medical licensing examinations and a university-based comprehensive test. After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. The students will receive Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. However the degree is equivalent to master's degree in Thailand.", "sentence_answer": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of <hl> 1 year <hl> in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training.", "paragraph_id": "5d6656f02b22cd4dfcfbdc51"}
{"question": "How have American academics tended to label continental philosophy?", "paragraph": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \"postmodernist\", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\". Such a trend might derive from U.S. departments of Comparative Literature. It is interesting to note that F\u00e9lix Guattari, often considered a \"postmodernist\", rejected its theoretical assumptions by arguing that the structuralist and postmodernist visions of the world were not flexible enough to seek explanations in psychological, social and environmental domains at the same time.", "answer": "postmodernist", "sentence": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \" postmodernist \", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \" postmodernist \", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\". <hl> Such a trend might derive from U.S. departments of Comparative Literature. It is interesting to note that F\u00e9lix Guattari, often considered a \"postmodernist\", rejected its theoretical assumptions by arguing that the structuralist and postmodernist visions of the world were not flexible enough to seek explanations in psychological, social and environmental domains at the same time.", "paragraph_answer": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \"<hl> postmodernist <hl>\", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\". Such a trend might derive from U.S. departments of Comparative Literature. It is interesting to note that F\u00e9lix Guattari, often considered a \"postmodernist\", rejected its theoretical assumptions by arguing that the structuralist and postmodernist visions of the world were not flexible enough to seek explanations in psychological, social and environmental domains at the same time.", "sentence_answer": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \" <hl> postmodernist <hl> \", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67d08a2b22cd4dfcfc028c"}
{"question": "Why does the fed have a dual mandate?", "paragraph": "The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa.  Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015. The Fed describes the type of labor market analyses it performs in making interest rate decisions in the minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee, its policy governing body, among other channels.", "answer": "to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation", "sentence": "The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation . <hl> U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015. The Fed describes the type of labor market analyses it performs in making interest rate decisions in the minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee, its policy governing body, among other channels.", "paragraph_answer": "The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate <hl> to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation <hl>. U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015. The Fed describes the type of labor market analyses it performs in making interest rate decisions in the minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee, its policy governing body, among other channels.", "sentence_answer": "The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate <hl> to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6642b22cd4dfcfbe7e2"}
{"question": "What do thermal infrared sensors primarily measure?", "paragraph": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories. Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops. Due to the typical structure of the atmosphere, cloud-top temperatures are approximately inversely related to cloud-top heights, meaning colder clouds almost always occur at higher altitudes. Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. Various mathematical schemes, or algorithms, use these and other properties to estimate precipitation from the IR data.", "answer": "information about cloud tops", "sentence": "Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops .", "paragraph_sentence": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories. <hl> Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops . <hl> Due to the typical structure of the atmosphere, cloud-top temperatures are approximately inversely related to cloud-top heights, meaning colder clouds almost always occur at higher altitudes. Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. Various mathematical schemes, or algorithms, use these and other properties to estimate precipitation from the IR data.", "paragraph_answer": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories. Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give <hl> information about cloud tops <hl>. Due to the typical structure of the atmosphere, cloud-top temperatures are approximately inversely related to cloud-top heights, meaning colder clouds almost always occur at higher altitudes. Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. Various mathematical schemes, or algorithms, use these and other properties to estimate precipitation from the IR data.", "sentence_answer": "Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give <hl> information about cloud tops <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6754982b22cd4dfcfbf735"}
{"question": "What word can the name Connecticut be traced back to?", "paragraph": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "answer": "quonehtacut", "sentence": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut , meaning \"place of long tidal river.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut , meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" <hl> Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word <hl> quonehtacut <hl>, meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "sentence_answer": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word <hl> quonehtacut <hl> , meaning \"place of long tidal river.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7ab2b22cd4dfcfbd46a"}
{"question": "In New England, which group did not have their wives usually participate in field work?", "paragraph": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage.", "answer": "Puritan", "sentence": "Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands.", "paragraph_sentence": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. <hl> Among Puritan settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. <hl> In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage.", "paragraph_answer": "There were ethnic differences in the treatment of women. Among <hl> Puritan <hl> settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands. In German communities in Pennsylvania, however, many women worked in fields and stables. German and Dutch immigrants granted women more control over property, which was not permitted in the local English law. Unlike English colonial wives, German and Dutch wives owned their own clothes and other items and were also given the ability to write wills disposing of the property brought into the marriage.", "sentence_answer": "Among <hl> Puritan <hl> settlers in New England, wives almost never worked in the fields with their husbands.", "paragraph_id": "5d6689502b22cd4dfcfbe20d"}
{"question": "What happens is recursion occurs?", "paragraph": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "answer": "a subprogram may even call itself", "sentence": "If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself , causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs.", "paragraph_sentence": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. <hl> If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself , causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. <hl> Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "paragraph_answer": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. If recursion is supported, <hl> a subprogram may even call itself <hl>, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "sentence_answer": "If recursion is supported, <hl> a subprogram may even call itself <hl> , causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs.", "paragraph_id": "5d675b0b2b22cd4dfcfbf820"}
{"question": "What is Rotterdam known for nowadays?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre. Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "answer": "Europe's largest port", "sentence": "Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre. <hl> Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. <hl> The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre. Nowadays it is home to <hl> Europe's largest port <hl> and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "sentence_answer": "Nowadays it is home to <hl> Europe's largest port <hl> and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc052b22cd4dfcfbe8f6"}
{"question": "What river did New Orleans become an important gateway to?", "paragraph": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "answer": "Mississippi River", "sentence": "Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River , there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "paragraph_sentence": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. <hl> Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River , there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the <hl> Mississippi River <hl>, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "sentence_answer": "Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the <hl> Mississippi River <hl> , there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e4662b22cd4dfcfbd162"}
{"question": "What are codes of group morality used to regulate?", "paragraph": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content.\nPolitical Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "answer": "behavior within a culture or community", "sentence": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community . <hl> Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "paragraph_answer": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate <hl> behavior within a culture or community <hl>. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "sentence_answer": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate <hl> behavior within a culture or community <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fedd2b22cd4dfcfbe9a9"}
{"question": "What type of cloud tops are typically more vigorous?", "paragraph": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories. Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops. Due to the typical structure of the atmosphere, cloud-top temperatures are approximately inversely related to cloud-top heights, meaning colder clouds almost always occur at higher altitudes. Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. Various mathematical schemes, or algorithms, use these and other properties to estimate precipitation from the IR data.", "answer": "cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation", "sentence": "Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds.", "paragraph_sentence": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories. Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops. Due to the typical structure of the atmosphere, cloud-top temperatures are approximately inversely related to cloud-top heights, meaning colder clouds almost always occur at higher altitudes. <hl> Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. <hl> Various mathematical schemes, or algorithms, use these and other properties to estimate precipitation from the IR data.", "paragraph_answer": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories. Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops. Due to the typical structure of the atmosphere, cloud-top temperatures are approximately inversely related to cloud-top heights, meaning colder clouds almost always occur at higher altitudes. Further, <hl> cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation <hl> are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. Various mathematical schemes, or algorithms, use these and other properties to estimate precipitation from the IR data.", "sentence_answer": "Further, <hl> cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation <hl> are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754982b22cd4dfcfbf734"}
{"question": "How much did the Central Forida Commission on Homelessness find that the region spends on leo's arresting and transporting homeless?", "paragraph": "In 2013, a Central Florida Commission on Homelessness study indicated that the region spends $31,000 a year per homeless person to cover \"salaries of law-enforcement officers to arrest and transport homeless individuals \u2014 largely for nonviolent offenses such as trespassing, public intoxication or sleeping in parks \u2014 as well as the cost of jail stays, emergency-room visits and hospitalization for medical and psychiatric issues. This did not include \"money spent by nonprofit agencies to feed, clothe and sometimes shelter these individuals\". In contrast, the report estimated the cost of permanent supportive housing at \"$10,051 per person per year\" and concluded that \"[h]ousing even half of the region's chronically homeless population would save taxpayers $149 million during the next decade \u2014 even allowing for 10 percent to end up back on the streets again.\" This particular study followed 107 long-term-homeless residents living in Orange, Osceola or Seminole Counties. There are similar studies showing large financial savings in Charlotte and Southeastern Colorado from focusing on simply housing the homeless.", "answer": "$31,000 a year", "sentence": "In 2013, a Central Florida Commission on Homelessness study indicated that the region spends $31,000 a year per homeless person to cover \"salaries of law-enforcement officers to arrest and transport homeless individuals \u2014 largely for nonviolent offenses such as trespassing, public intoxication or sleeping in parks \u2014 as well as the cost of jail stays, emergency-room visits and hospitalization for medical and psychiatric issues.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2013, a Central Florida Commission on Homelessness study indicated that the region spends $31,000 a year per homeless person to cover \"salaries of law-enforcement officers to arrest and transport homeless individuals \u2014 largely for nonviolent offenses such as trespassing, public intoxication or sleeping in parks \u2014 as well as the cost of jail stays, emergency-room visits and hospitalization for medical and psychiatric issues. <hl> This did not include \"money spent by nonprofit agencies to feed, clothe and sometimes shelter these individuals\". In contrast, the report estimated the cost of permanent supportive housing at \"$10,051 per person per year\" and concluded that \"[h]ousing even half of the region's chronically homeless population would save taxpayers $149 million during the next decade \u2014 even allowing for 10 percent to end up back on the streets again.\" This particular study followed 107 long-term-homeless residents living in Orange, Osceola or Seminole Counties. There are similar studies showing large financial savings in Charlotte and Southeastern Colorado from focusing on simply housing the homeless.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2013, a Central Florida Commission on Homelessness study indicated that the region spends <hl> $31,000 a year <hl> per homeless person to cover \"salaries of law-enforcement officers to arrest and transport homeless individuals \u2014 largely for nonviolent offenses such as trespassing, public intoxication or sleeping in parks \u2014 as well as the cost of jail stays, emergency-room visits and hospitalization for medical and psychiatric issues. This did not include \"money spent by nonprofit agencies to feed, clothe and sometimes shelter these individuals\". In contrast, the report estimated the cost of permanent supportive housing at \"$10,051 per person per year\" and concluded that \"[h]ousing even half of the region's chronically homeless population would save taxpayers $149 million during the next decade \u2014 even allowing for 10 percent to end up back on the streets again.\" This particular study followed 107 long-term-homeless residents living in Orange, Osceola or Seminole Counties. There are similar studies showing large financial savings in Charlotte and Southeastern Colorado from focusing on simply housing the homeless.", "sentence_answer": "In 2013, a Central Florida Commission on Homelessness study indicated that the region spends <hl> $31,000 a year <hl> per homeless person to cover \"salaries of law-enforcement officers to arrest and transport homeless individuals \u2014 largely for nonviolent offenses such as trespassing, public intoxication or sleeping in parks \u2014 as well as the cost of jail stays, emergency-room visits and hospitalization for medical and psychiatric issues.", "paragraph_id": "5d665f702b22cd4dfcfbdcdd"}
{"question": "What is the Irish Germanic of Tin?", "paragraph": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [tinne] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "answer": "tinne", "sentence": "It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [ tinne ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "paragraph_sentence": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). <hl> It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [ tinne ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [<hl> tinne <hl>] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "sentence_answer": "It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [ <hl> tinne <hl> ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8e02b22cd4dfcfbe8a5"}
{"question": "Which symbols of the alphabet has meanings that vary?", "paragraph": "It is common to divide the symbols of the alphabet into logical symbols, which always have the same meaning, and non-logical symbols, whose meaning varies by interpretation. For example, the logical symbol \n\n\n\n\u2227\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\land }\n\n always represents \"and\"; it is never interpreted as \"or\". On the other hand, a non-logical predicate symbol such as Phil(x) could be interpreted to mean \"x is a philosopher\", \"x is a man named Philip\", or any other unary predicate, depending on the interpretation at hand.", "answer": "non-logical symbols", "sentence": "It is common to divide the symbols of the alphabet into logical symbols, which always have the same meaning, and non-logical symbols , whose meaning varies by interpretation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> It is common to divide the symbols of the alphabet into logical symbols, which always have the same meaning, and non-logical symbols , whose meaning varies by interpretation. <hl> For example, the logical symbol \u2227 {\\displaystyle \\land } always represents \"and\"; it is never interpreted as \"or\". On the other hand, a non-logical predicate symbol such as Phil(x) could be interpreted to mean \"x is a philosopher\", \"x is a man named Philip\", or any other unary predicate, depending on the interpretation at hand.", "paragraph_answer": "It is common to divide the symbols of the alphabet into logical symbols, which always have the same meaning, and <hl> non-logical symbols <hl>, whose meaning varies by interpretation. For example, the logical symbol \u2227 {\\displaystyle \\land } always represents \"and\"; it is never interpreted as \"or\". On the other hand, a non-logical predicate symbol such as Phil(x) could be interpreted to mean \"x is a philosopher\", \"x is a man named Philip\", or any other unary predicate, depending on the interpretation at hand.", "sentence_answer": "It is common to divide the symbols of the alphabet into logical symbols, which always have the same meaning, and <hl> non-logical symbols <hl> , whose meaning varies by interpretation.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6ca2b22cd4dfcfbccc5"}
{"question": "What did Hume warn against making assumptions about  based on someone's religiosity?", "paragraph": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "answer": "a man's morals", "sentence": "Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals , from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. <hl> Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals , from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of <hl> a man's morals <hl>, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "sentence_answer": "Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of <hl> a man's morals <hl> , from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d670b162b22cd4dfcfbebc5"}
{"question": "What are at least two  other cups won by Feyenoord, besides the European Cup?", "paragraph": "Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "answer": "World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002", "sentence": "It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002 , Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again.", "paragraph_sentence": "Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. <hl> It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002 , Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. <hl> In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "paragraph_answer": "Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the <hl> World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002 <hl>, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "sentence_answer": "It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the <hl> World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002 <hl> , Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again.", "paragraph_id": "5d672cfd2b22cd4dfcfbf1b2"}
{"question": "What percentage of Manipuri are Hindus?", "paragraph": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "answer": "About 41.3%", "sentence": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. <hl> Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> About 41.3% <hl> of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> About 41.3% <hl> of Manipuri people are Hindus.", "paragraph_id": "5d6832562b22cd4dfcfc0660"}
{"question": "In which year the Tea Act was passed?", "paragraph": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "answer": "1773", "sentence": "First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act ( 1773 ).", "paragraph_sentence": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: <hl> First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act ( 1773 ). <hl> In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "paragraph_answer": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (<hl> 1773 <hl>). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "sentence_answer": "First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act ( <hl> 1773 <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d67715e2b22cd4dfcfbfbe6"}
{"question": "What's the name of the card you might use on this subway system?", "paragraph": "The New York City Subway, the largest subway system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are 148 subway stations in Manhattan and four under construction, out of the 472 stations. A second subway, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system, connects six stations in Manhattan to northern New Jersey. Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards, which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. There are 7-day and 30-day MetroCards that allow unlimited trips on all subways (except PATH) and MTA bus routes (except for express buses). The PATH QuickCard is being phased out, having been replaced by the SmartLink. The MTA is testing \"smart card\" payment systems to replace the MetroCard. Commuter rail services operating to and from Manhattan are the Long Island Rail Road (which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to Long Island), the Metro-North Railroad (which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut) and NJ Transit trains to various points in New Jersey. Multibillion-dollar heavy-rail transit projects under construction in Manhattan include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "answer": "pay-per-ride MetroCards", "sentence": "Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards , which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New York City Subway, the largest subway system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are 148 subway stations in Manhattan and four under construction, out of the 472 stations. A second subway, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system, connects six stations in Manhattan to northern New Jersey. <hl> Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards , which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. <hl> There are 7-day and 30-day MetroCards that allow unlimited trips on all subways (except PATH) and MTA bus routes (except for express buses). The PATH QuickCard is being phased out, having been replaced by the SmartLink. The MTA is testing \"smart card\" payment systems to replace the MetroCard. Commuter rail services operating to and from Manhattan are the Long Island Rail Road (which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to Long Island), the Metro-North Railroad (which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut) and NJ Transit trains to various points in New Jersey. Multibillion-dollar heavy-rail transit projects under construction in Manhattan include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "paragraph_answer": "The New York City Subway, the largest subway system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are 148 subway stations in Manhattan and four under construction, out of the 472 stations. A second subway, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system, connects six stations in Manhattan to northern New Jersey. Passengers pay fares with <hl> pay-per-ride MetroCards <hl>, which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. There are 7-day and 30-day MetroCards that allow unlimited trips on all subways (except PATH) and MTA bus routes (except for express buses). The PATH QuickCard is being phased out, having been replaced by the SmartLink. The MTA is testing \"smart card\" payment systems to replace the MetroCard. Commuter rail services operating to and from Manhattan are the Long Island Rail Road (which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to Long Island), the Metro-North Railroad (which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut) and NJ Transit trains to various points in New Jersey. Multibillion-dollar heavy-rail transit projects under construction in Manhattan include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "sentence_answer": "Passengers pay fares with <hl> pay-per-ride MetroCards <hl> , which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains.", "paragraph_id": "5d673be42b22cd4dfcfbf38d"}
{"question": "What did Justice Sandra Day say about a classification based on gender?", "paragraph": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\"  She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "answer": "can be justified", "sentence": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" <hl> She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "paragraph_answer": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex <hl> can be justified <hl> if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "sentence_answer": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex <hl> can be justified <hl> if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66ec0d2b22cd4dfcfbe557"}
{"question": "What was closed down due to the annexation of Armenia?", "paragraph": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities.  There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "answer": "all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO", "sentence": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. <hl> After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities. There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "paragraph_answer": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., <hl> all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO <hl> were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities. There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "sentence_answer": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., <hl> all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO <hl> were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot.", "paragraph_id": "5d657d2e2b22cd4dfcfbc99a"}
{"question": "The Death and Life of American Cities bashed what?", "paragraph": "Author and activist Jane Jacobs's influential 1961 book The Death and Life of American Cities criticized large-scale redevelopment projects which were part of government-planned decentralization of population and businesses to suburbs. She believed it destroyed cities' economies and impoverished remaining residents. Her 1980 book The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty supported secession of Quebec from Canada. Her 1984 book Cities and the Wealth of Nations proposed a solution to the various ills plaguing cities whose economies were being ruined by centralized national governments: decentralization through the \"multiplication of sovereignties\", i.e., acceptance of the right of cities to secede from the larger nation states that were squelching their ability to produce wealth.", "answer": "large-scale redevelopment projects", "sentence": "Author and activist Jane Jacobs's influential 1961 book The Death and Life of American Cities criticized large-scale redevelopment projects which were part of government-planned decentralization of population and businesses to suburbs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Author and activist Jane Jacobs's influential 1961 book The Death and Life of American Cities criticized large-scale redevelopment projects which were part of government-planned decentralization of population and businesses to suburbs. <hl> She believed it destroyed cities' economies and impoverished remaining residents. Her 1980 book The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty supported secession of Quebec from Canada. Her 1984 book Cities and the Wealth of Nations proposed a solution to the various ills plaguing cities whose economies were being ruined by centralized national governments: decentralization through the \"multiplication of sovereignties\", i.e., acceptance of the right of cities to secede from the larger nation states that were squelching their ability to produce wealth.", "paragraph_answer": "Author and activist Jane Jacobs's influential 1961 book The Death and Life of American Cities criticized <hl> large-scale redevelopment projects <hl> which were part of government-planned decentralization of population and businesses to suburbs. She believed it destroyed cities' economies and impoverished remaining residents. Her 1980 book The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty supported secession of Quebec from Canada. Her 1984 book Cities and the Wealth of Nations proposed a solution to the various ills plaguing cities whose economies were being ruined by centralized national governments: decentralization through the \"multiplication of sovereignties\", i.e., acceptance of the right of cities to secede from the larger nation states that were squelching their ability to produce wealth.", "sentence_answer": "Author and activist Jane Jacobs's influential 1961 book The Death and Life of American Cities criticized <hl> large-scale redevelopment projects <hl> which were part of government-planned decentralization of population and businesses to suburbs.", "paragraph_id": "5d65df9c2b22cd4dfcfbd05e"}
{"question": "What were the differences between slaves in Africa and those abroad?", "paragraph": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\" People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "answer": "those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "sentence": "While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\" People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. <hl> While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\" People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, <hl> those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, <hl> those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d669efd2b22cd4dfcfbe361"}
{"question": "Which version of Windows dropped support some of the Windows NT platforms?", "paragraph": "Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC, DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000. (Although some these platforms implement 64-bit computing, the operating system treated them as 32-bit.) However, Windows 2000, the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. The client line of Window NT family still runs on IA-32, although the Windows Server line has ceased supporting this platform with the release of Windows Server 2008 R2.", "answer": "Windows 2000", "sentence": "However, Windows 2000 , the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC, DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000. (Although some these platforms implement 64-bit computing, the operating system treated them as 32-bit.) <hl> However, Windows 2000 , the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. <hl> The client line of Window NT family still runs on IA-32, although the Windows Server line has ceased supporting this platform with the release of Windows Server 2008 R2.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC, DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000. (Although some these platforms implement 64-bit computing, the operating system treated them as 32-bit.) However, <hl> Windows 2000 <hl>, the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. The client line of Window NT family still runs on IA-32, although the Windows Server line has ceased supporting this platform with the release of Windows Server 2008 R2.", "sentence_answer": "However, <hl> Windows 2000 <hl> , the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a9852b22cd4dfcfbff58"}
{"question": "Which tactic involves creating a scoring position by fatiguing defenders?", "paragraph": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "answer": "Cycling", "sentence": "Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. <hl> Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. <hl> Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. <hl> Cycling <hl> moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cycling <hl> moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d97d2b22cd4dfcfbceff"}
{"question": "How many miles between Oxford to Bletchley?", "paragraph": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "answer": "63.5 miles", "sentence": "The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. <hl> The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. <hl> Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; <hl> 63.5 miles <hl> (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "sentence_answer": "The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; <hl> 63.5 miles <hl> (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham.", "paragraph_id": "5d6738722b22cd4dfcfbf2df"}
{"question": "What year was chattel slavery codified in Virginia law?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "1656", "sentence": "Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656 , and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. <hl> Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656 , and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. <hl> Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in <hl> 1656 <hl>, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in <hl> 1656 <hl> , and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667292b22cd4dfcfbddf8"}
{"question": "Surnames were uncommon prior to what century?", "paragraph": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "answer": "12th", "sentence": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler').", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). <hl> This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the <hl> 12th <hl> century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the <hl> 12th <hl> century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler').", "paragraph_id": "5d6703f72b22cd4dfcfbea86"}
{"question": "What is the usual order of names in English for cataloging?", "paragraph": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "answer": "last, first middle,\"", "sentence": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \" last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \" last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \"<hl> last, first middle,\" <hl> with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "sentence_answer": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \" <hl> last, first middle,\" <hl> with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6d92b22cd4dfcfbff1c"}
{"question": "What islands did the Portuguese attempt to conquer in 1535?", "paragraph": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "answer": "Bissagos Islands", "sentence": "For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. <hl> For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. <hl> In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the <hl> Bissagos Islands <hl> in 1535. In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "sentence_answer": "For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the <hl> Bissagos Islands <hl> in 1535.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a0c72b22cd4dfcfbe37d"}
{"question": "Where is the unemployment rate forecast provided", "paragraph": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "answer": "long term budget outlook", "sentence": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook . <hl> During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its <hl> long term budget outlook <hl>. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "sentence_answer": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its <hl> long term budget outlook <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4862b22cd4dfcfbe769"}
{"question": "Who is credited with developing Structuralism?", "paragraph": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "answer": "French academics", "sentence": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. <hl> It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "paragraph_answer": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by <hl> French academics <hl> in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "sentence_answer": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by <hl> French academics <hl> in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ca1a2b22cd4dfcfc022e"}
{"question": "What do some authors use to avoid confusion between the inverse image and inverse function?", "paragraph": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.  In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "answer": "square brackets", "sentence": "Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function.", "paragraph_sentence": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. <hl> Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. <hl> Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "paragraph_answer": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use <hl> square brackets <hl> to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "sentence_answer": "Likewise, some authors use <hl> square brackets <hl> to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function.", "paragraph_id": "5d660c212b22cd4dfcfbd6e3"}
{"question": "How wide did the 1811 plan call for New York City's avenues to be?", "paragraph": "The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 called for twelve numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the Hudson River, each 100 feet (30 m)* wide, with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side. There are several intermittent avenues east of First Avenue, including four additional lettered avenues running from Avenue A eastward to Avenue D in an area now known as Alphabet City in Manhattan's East Village. The numbered streets in Manhattan run east-west, and are generally 60 feet (18 m)* wide, with about 200 feet (61 m)* between each pair of streets. With each combined street and block adding up to about 260 feet (79 m), there are almost exactly 20 blocks per mile. The typical block in Manhattan is 250 by 600 feet (76 by 183 m).", "answer": "100 feet (30 m)* wide,", "sentence": "The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 called for twelve numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the Hudson River, each 100 feet (30 m)* wide, with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 called for twelve numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the Hudson River, each 100 feet (30 m)* wide, with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side. <hl> There are several intermittent avenues east of First Avenue, including four additional lettered avenues running from Avenue A eastward to Avenue D in an area now known as Alphabet City in Manhattan's East Village. The numbered streets in Manhattan run east-west, and are generally 60 feet (18 m) * wide, with about 200 feet (61 m)* between each pair of streets. With each combined street and block adding up to about 260 feet (79 m), there are almost exactly 20 blocks per mile. The typical block in Manhattan is 250 by 600 feet (76 by 183 m).", "paragraph_answer": "The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 called for twelve numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the Hudson River, each <hl> 100 feet (30 m)* wide, <hl> with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side. There are several intermittent avenues east of First Avenue, including four additional lettered avenues running from Avenue A eastward to Avenue D in an area now known as Alphabet City in Manhattan's East Village. The numbered streets in Manhattan run east-west, and are generally 60 feet (18 m)* wide, with about 200 feet (61 m)* between each pair of streets. With each combined street and block adding up to about 260 feet (79 m), there are almost exactly 20 blocks per mile. The typical block in Manhattan is 250 by 600 feet (76 by 183 m).", "sentence_answer": "The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 called for twelve numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the Hudson River, each <hl> 100 feet (30 m)* wide, <hl> with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side.", "paragraph_id": "5d670eb12b22cd4dfcfbec9a"}
{"question": "How many people speak German?", "paragraph": "As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) Korean, 0.70% (10,496) German, 0.66% (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language. In total, 40.02% (602,058) of Manhattan's population, ages 5 and older, spoke a language other than English at home.", "answer": "0.66%", "sentence": "As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) Korean, 0.70% (10,496) German, 0.66% (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) Korean, 0.70% (10,496) German, 0.66% (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language. <hl> In total, 40.02% (602,058) of Manhattan's population, ages 5 and older, spoke a language other than English at home.", "paragraph_answer": "As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) Korean, 0.70% (10,496) German, <hl> 0.66% <hl> (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language. In total, 40.02% (602,058) of Manhattan's population, ages 5 and older, spoke a language other than English at home.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2010[update], 59.98% (902,267) of Manhattan residents, ages five and older, spoke only English at home, while 23.07% (347,033) spoke Spanish, 5.33% (80,240) Chinese, 2.03% (30,567) French, 0.78% (11,776) Japanese, 0.77% (11,517) Russian, 0.72% (10,788) Korean, 0.70% (10,496) German, <hl> 0.66% <hl> (9,868) Italian, 0.64% (9,555) Hebrew, and 0.48% (7,158) African languages as a main language.", "paragraph_id": "5d6767d82b22cd4dfcfbfa2f"}
{"question": "Marxism-Leninism supports what?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "answer": "universal social welfare", "sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare . <hl> Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports <hl> universal social welfare <hl>. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "sentence_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports <hl> universal social welfare <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6711732b22cd4dfcfbed62"}
{"question": "Which two groups used elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\"?", "paragraph": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "answer": "Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie", "sentence": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. <hl> Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "paragraph_answer": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, <hl> Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie <hl> (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "sentence_answer": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, <hl> Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie <hl> (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements.", "paragraph_id": "5d6604892b22cd4dfcfbd5b7"}
{"question": "When was the independence from the British Empire declared?", "paragraph": "The primary political unit of the United States is the state. According to numerous decisions of the United States Supreme Court, the 50 individual states and the United States as a whole are each sovereign jurisdictions.[citation needed] The 13 original states Thirteen Colonies declared independence from the British Empire in 1776. In 1777, they established a collective government under the Articles of Confederation. The United States Constitution superseded the Articles in 1789 in the sense that it established and superimposed a consolidated political government over the confederated union of geographical states. The Constitution of the United States establishes the political government for the Federal government of the United States, which includes, among other things, judicial review, power to regulate citizenship, power to coin money, power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, conduct foreign policy, and to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.", "answer": "in 1776", "sentence": "According to numerous decisions of the United States Supreme Court, the 50 individual states and the United States as a whole are each sovereign jurisdictions.[citation needed] The 13 original states Thirteen Colonies declared independence from the British Empire in 1776 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The primary political unit of the United States is the state. <hl> According to numerous decisions of the United States Supreme Court, the 50 individual states and the United States as a whole are each sovereign jurisdictions.[citation needed] The 13 original states Thirteen Colonies declared independence from the British Empire in 1776 . <hl> In 1777, they established a collective government under the Articles of Confederation. The United States Constitution superseded the Articles in 1789 in the sense that it established and superimposed a consolidated political government over the confederated union of geographical states. The Constitution of the United States establishes the political government for the Federal government of the United States, which includes, among other things, judicial review, power to regulate citizenship, power to coin money, power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, conduct foreign policy, and to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.", "paragraph_answer": "The primary political unit of the United States is the state. According to numerous decisions of the United States Supreme Court, the 50 individual states and the United States as a whole are each sovereign jurisdictions.[citation needed] The 13 original states Thirteen Colonies declared independence from the British Empire <hl> in 1776 <hl>. In 1777, they established a collective government under the Articles of Confederation. The United States Constitution superseded the Articles in 1789 in the sense that it established and superimposed a consolidated political government over the confederated union of geographical states. The Constitution of the United States establishes the political government for the Federal government of the United States, which includes, among other things, judicial review, power to regulate citizenship, power to coin money, power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, conduct foreign policy, and to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.", "sentence_answer": "According to numerous decisions of the United States Supreme Court, the 50 individual states and the United States as a whole are each sovereign jurisdictions.[citation needed] The 13 original states Thirteen Colonies declared independence from the British Empire <hl> in 1776 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6771532b22cd4dfcfbfbdc"}
{"question": "What were the men at the Redding encampment vererans of?", "paragraph": "For the winter of 1778\u201379, General George Washington decided to split the Continental Army into three divisions encircling New York City, where British General Sir Henry Clinton had taken up winter quarters. Major General Israel Putnam chose Redding as the winter encampment quarters for some 3,000 regulars and militia under his command. The Redding encampment allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley. Some of the men were veterans of the winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania the previous winter. Soldiers at the Redding camp endured supply shortages, cold temperatures and significant snow, with some historians dubbing the encampment \"Connecticut's Valley Forge.\"", "answer": "winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania", "sentence": "Some of the men were veterans of the winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania the previous winter.", "paragraph_sentence": "For the winter of 1778\u201379, General George Washington decided to split the Continental Army into three divisions encircling New York City, where British General Sir Henry Clinton had taken up winter quarters. Major General Israel Putnam chose Redding as the winter encampment quarters for some 3,000 regulars and militia under his command. The Redding encampment allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley. <hl> Some of the men were veterans of the winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania the previous winter. <hl> Soldiers at the Redding camp endured supply shortages, cold temperatures and significant snow, with some historians dubbing the encampment \"Connecticut's Valley Forge.\"", "paragraph_answer": "For the winter of 1778\u201379, General George Washington decided to split the Continental Army into three divisions encircling New York City, where British General Sir Henry Clinton had taken up winter quarters. Major General Israel Putnam chose Redding as the winter encampment quarters for some 3,000 regulars and militia under his command. The Redding encampment allowed Putnam's soldiers to guard the replenished supply depot in Danbury and support any operations along Long Island Sound and the Hudson River Valley. Some of the men were veterans of the <hl> winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania <hl> the previous winter. Soldiers at the Redding camp endured supply shortages, cold temperatures and significant snow, with some historians dubbing the encampment \"Connecticut's Valley Forge.\"", "sentence_answer": "Some of the men were veterans of the <hl> winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania <hl> the previous winter.", "paragraph_id": "5d6783052b22cd4dfcfbfdca"}
{"question": "Who was the early leader of the communist party in China?", "paragraph": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "answer": "Mao Zedong", "sentence": "In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces.", "paragraph_sentence": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. <hl> In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. <hl> In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_answer": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by <hl> Mao Zedong <hl> reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "sentence_answer": "In China, the Communist Party of China led by <hl> Mao Zedong <hl> reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f51f2b22cd4dfcfbe781"}
{"question": "What does spherical aberration cause in an image?", "paragraph": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "answer": "blurring", "sentence": "This manifests itself as a blurring of the image.", "paragraph_sentence": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. <hl> This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. <hl> Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "paragraph_answer": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a <hl> blurring <hl> of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "sentence_answer": "This manifests itself as a <hl> blurring <hl> of the image.", "paragraph_id": "5d677f992b22cd4dfcfbfd88"}
{"question": "What month in 2009 was the HEARTH Act introduced into Public Law?", "paragraph": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "answer": "May", "sentence": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. <hl> It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "paragraph_answer": "On <hl> May <hl> 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "sentence_answer": "On <hl> May <hl> 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f51e2b22cd4dfcfbd3f7"}
{"question": "When did Oxford United reach the top division?", "paragraph": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013  23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "answer": "1985", "sentence": "They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013  23 years after joining the Football League.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. <hl> They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. <hl> They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "paragraph_answer": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in <hl> 1985 <hl> \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "sentence_answer": "They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in <hl> 1985 <hl> \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b9b2b22cd4dfcfbf368"}
{"question": "What were guns exchanged for at that time?", "paragraph": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves. 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "answer": "slaves", "sentence": "Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves .", "paragraph_sentence": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. <hl> Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for slaves . <hl> 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "paragraph_answer": "As Britain rose in naval power and settled continental North America and some islands of the West Indies, they became the leading slave traders. At one stage the trade was the monopoly of the Royal Africa Company, operating out of London. But, following the loss of the company's monopoly in 1689, Bristol and Liverpool merchants became increasingly involved in the trade. By the late 17th century, one out of every four ships that left Liverpool harbour was a slave trading ship. Much of the wealth on which the city of Manchester, and surrounding towns, was built in the late 18th century, and for much of the 19th century, was based on the processing of slave-picked cotton and manufacture of cloth. Other British cities also profited from the slave trade. Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for <hl> slaves <hl>. 75% of all sugar produced in the plantations was sent to London, and much of it was consumed in the highly lucrative coffee houses there.", "sentence_answer": "Birmingham, the largest gun-producing town in Britain at the time, supplied guns to be traded for <hl> slaves <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65db482b22cd4dfcfbcf3a"}
{"question": "In which years did Oxford suffer serious fires?", "paragraph": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "answer": "1644 and 1671", "sentence": "The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671 .", "paragraph_sentence": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. <hl> The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in <hl> 1644 and 1671 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The city suffered two serious fires in <hl> 1644 and 1671 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6714ef2b22cd4dfcfbee7b"}
{"question": "In what state was the first insurance company in the US founded?", "paragraph": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1735.  In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation.  Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "answer": "South Carolina", "sentence": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina , in 1735.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina , in 1735. <hl> In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation. Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, <hl> South Carolina <hl>, in 1735. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation. Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, <hl> South Carolina <hl> , in 1735.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ecbe2b22cd4dfcfbd2ca"}
{"question": "What is another name for adipocyte?", "paragraph": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. The adipocyte, or fat cell, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "answer": "fat cell", "sentence": "The adipocyte, or fat cell , is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase.", "paragraph_sentence": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. <hl> The adipocyte, or fat cell , is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. <hl> The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "paragraph_answer": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. The adipocyte, or <hl> fat cell <hl>, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "sentence_answer": "The adipocyte, or <hl> fat cell <hl> , is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase.", "paragraph_id": "5d6745162b22cd4dfcfbf481"}
{"question": "What is the term for neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action?", "paragraph": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "answer": "Mirror neurons", "sentence": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. <hl> The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Mirror neurons <hl> are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Mirror neurons <hl> are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c502b22cd4dfcfbf574"}
{"question": "What percentage of people cite jobs as the nation's most important problem?", "paragraph": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "answer": "26%", "sentence": "Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.", "paragraph_sentence": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" <hl> Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March. <hl> \" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "paragraph_answer": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with <hl> 26% <hl> citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "sentence_answer": "Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with <hl> 26% <hl> citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.", "paragraph_id": "5d676a852b22cd4dfcfbfa93"}
{"question": "Who supported Portugal in their campaign to take over Southwest Angola?", "paragraph": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "answer": "Kingdom of Kongo", "sentence": "In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo , took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. <hl> In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo , took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. <hl> Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. In 1571 Portugal, supported by the <hl> Kingdom of Kongo <hl>, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "sentence_answer": "In 1571 Portugal, supported by the <hl> Kingdom of Kongo <hl> , took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a0c72b22cd4dfcfbe37e"}
{"question": "How many national champion wrestlers has Pitt produced?", "paragraph": "Pitt has a long history of success in other intercollegiate athletic events. In Track and Field, Pitt has produced several Olympic and NCAA champions such as 800 m Olympic gold medalist John Woodruff, two-time 110 m hurdle Olympic gold medalist Roger Kingdom, and seven-time NCAA champion and 2005 World Champion triple jumper Trecia-Kaye Smith. The wrestling program has a rich history and is among the leaders in producing individual national champions with 16. Pitt's women's volleyball team, one of the winningest program in the nation, won 11 conference championships while a member of the Big East, and appeared in 11 NCAA tournaments since the program began in 1974. Pitt's swimming and diving teams have produced several Olympians and won 19 men's and nine women's Big East Championships while a member of that conference. Pitt women's gymnastics is a regular qualifier for the NCAA Northeast Regional Championship. Baseball, Pitt's oldest varsity sport, has produced several major league players and has reached the national 25 repeatedly, including in 2013.  Other varsity sports have also competed at national and conference championships and include cross country, soccer, softball, and tennis.", "answer": "16", "sentence": "The wrestling program has a rich history and is among the leaders in producing individual national champions with 16 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Pitt has a long history of success in other intercollegiate athletic events. In Track and Field, Pitt has produced several Olympic and NCAA champions such as 800 m Olympic gold medalist John Woodruff, two-time 110 m hurdle Olympic gold medalist Roger Kingdom, and seven-time NCAA champion and 2005 World Champion triple jumper Trecia-Kaye Smith. <hl> The wrestling program has a rich history and is among the leaders in producing individual national champions with 16 . <hl> Pitt's women's volleyball team, one of the winningest program in the nation, won 11 conference championships while a member of the Big East, and appeared in 11 NCAA tournaments since the program began in 1974. Pitt's swimming and diving teams have produced several Olympians and won 19 men's and nine women's Big East Championships while a member of that conference. Pitt women's gymnastics is a regular qualifier for the NCAA Northeast Regional Championship. Baseball, Pitt's oldest varsity sport, has produced several major league players and has reached the national 25 repeatedly, including in 2013. Other varsity sports have also competed at national and conference championships and include cross country, soccer, softball, and tennis.", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt has a long history of success in other intercollegiate athletic events. In Track and Field, Pitt has produced several Olympic and NCAA champions such as 800 m Olympic gold medalist John Woodruff, two-time 110 m hurdle Olympic gold medalist Roger Kingdom, and seven-time NCAA champion and 2005 World Champion triple jumper Trecia-Kaye Smith. The wrestling program has a rich history and is among the leaders in producing individual national champions with <hl> 16 <hl>. Pitt's women's volleyball team, one of the winningest program in the nation, won 11 conference championships while a member of the Big East, and appeared in 11 NCAA tournaments since the program began in 1974. Pitt's swimming and diving teams have produced several Olympians and won 19 men's and nine women's Big East Championships while a member of that conference. Pitt women's gymnastics is a regular qualifier for the NCAA Northeast Regional Championship. Baseball, Pitt's oldest varsity sport, has produced several major league players and has reached the national 25 repeatedly, including in 2013. Other varsity sports have also competed at national and conference championships and include cross country, soccer, softball, and tennis.", "sentence_answer": "The wrestling program has a rich history and is among the leaders in producing individual national champions with <hl> 16 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8a02b22cd4dfcfbe891"}
{"question": "What nationality of structuralists considered themselves as espousing Relativism and Constructionalism?", "paragraph": "Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. Like structuralists, they start from the assumption that people's identities, values and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism.  But they nevertheless tended to explore how the subjects of their study might be described, reductively, as a set of essential relationships, schematics, or mathematical symbols. (An example is Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss's algebraic formulation of mythological transformation in \"The Structural Study of Myth\"). Post-structuralists thinkers went further, questioning the existence of any distinction between the nature of a thing and its relationship to other things.", "answer": "French", "sentence": "Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism.", "paragraph_sentence": "Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. Like structuralists, they start from the assumption that people's identities, values and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. <hl> Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism. <hl> But they nevertheless tended to explore how the subjects of their study might be described, reductively, as a set of essential relationships, schematics, or mathematical symbols. (An example is Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss's algebraic formulation of mythological transformation in \"The Structural Study of Myth\"). Post-structuralists thinkers went further, questioning the existence of any distinction between the nature of a thing and its relationship to other things.", "paragraph_answer": "Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. Like structuralists, they start from the assumption that people's identities, values and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. Thus the <hl> French <hl> structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism. But they nevertheless tended to explore how the subjects of their study might be described, reductively, as a set of essential relationships, schematics, or mathematical symbols. (An example is Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss's algebraic formulation of mythological transformation in \"The Structural Study of Myth\"). Post-structuralists thinkers went further, questioning the existence of any distinction between the nature of a thing and its relationship to other things.", "sentence_answer": "Thus the <hl> French <hl> structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism.", "paragraph_id": "5d67cbc12b22cd4dfcfc024c"}
{"question": "When did Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "March 1917", "sentence": "In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In March 1917 , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl>, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> March 1917 <hl> , Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815ec2b22cd4dfcfc0596"}
{"question": "What becomes the child's first surname?", "paragraph": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family, and the second surname denotes one's mother's family. So \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero\" is not considered one surname; it is two distinct surnames. Given that it is not a true compound surname, his children do not inherit the \"compound\" surname \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero.\" Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on. The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). Thus, Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero would pass on only Rodr\u00edguez to his children as their first (i.e. paternal) surname.", "answer": "The father's paternal surname", "sentence": "The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname).", "paragraph_sentence": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family, and the second surname denotes one's mother's family. So \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero\" is not considered one surname; it is two distinct surnames. Given that it is not a true compound surname, his children do not inherit the \"compound\" surname \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero.\" Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on. <hl> The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). <hl> Thus, Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero would pass on only Rodr\u00edguez to his children as their first (i.e. paternal) surname.", "paragraph_answer": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family, and the second surname denotes one's mother's family. So \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero\" is not considered one surname; it is two distinct surnames. Given that it is not a true compound surname, his children do not inherit the \"compound\" surname \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero.\" Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on. <hl> The father's paternal surname <hl> becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). Thus, Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero would pass on only Rodr\u00edguez to his children as their first (i.e. paternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The father's paternal surname <hl> becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname).", "paragraph_id": "5d67a8682b22cd4dfcfbff47"}
{"question": "What was one of the problems with Modernist-style of planning?", "paragraph": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "answer": "disregard of resident or public opinion", "sentence": "One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion , which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993).", "paragraph_sentence": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). <hl> One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion , which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). <hl> These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "paragraph_answer": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the <hl> disregard of resident or public opinion <hl>, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "sentence_answer": "One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the <hl> disregard of resident or public opinion <hl> , which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993).", "paragraph_id": "5d676e492b22cd4dfcfbfb52"}
{"question": "has there ever been a legal challange?", "paragraph": "The status of the Armenian Apostolic Church within the Republic of Armenia is defined in the country's constitution. Article 8.1 of the Constitution of Armenia states: \"The Republic of Armenia recognizes the exclusive historical mission of the Armenian Apostolic Holy Church as a national church, in the spiritual life, development of the national culture and preservation of the national identity of the people of Armenia.\" Among others, ethnographer Hranush Kharatyan has questioned the constitutionality of the phrase \"national church\".", "answer": "Among others, ethnographer Hranush Kharatyan has questioned the constitutionality of the phrase \"national church\".", "sentence": "Article 8.1 of the Constitution of Armenia states: \"The Republic of Armenia recognizes the exclusive historical mission of the Armenian Apostolic Holy Church as a national church, in the spiritual life, development of the national culture and preservation of the national identity of the people of Armenia.\" Among others, ethnographer Hranush Kharatyan has questioned the constitutionality of the phrase \"national church\".", "paragraph_sentence": "The status of the Armenian Apostolic Church within the Republic of Armenia is defined in the country's constitution. <hl> Article 8.1 of the Constitution of Armenia states: \"The Republic of Armenia recognizes the exclusive historical mission of the Armenian Apostolic Holy Church as a national church, in the spiritual life, development of the national culture and preservation of the national identity of the people of Armenia.\" Among others, ethnographer Hranush Kharatyan has questioned the constitutionality of the phrase \"national church\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The status of the Armenian Apostolic Church within the Republic of Armenia is defined in the country's constitution. Article 8.1 of the Constitution of Armenia states: \"The Republic of Armenia recognizes the exclusive historical mission of the Armenian Apostolic Holy Church as a national church, in the spiritual life, development of the national culture and preservation of the national identity of the people of Armenia.\" <hl> Among others, ethnographer Hranush Kharatyan has questioned the constitutionality of the phrase \"national church\". <hl>", "sentence_answer": "Article 8.1 of the Constitution of Armenia states: \"The Republic of Armenia recognizes the exclusive historical mission of the Armenian Apostolic Holy Church as a national church, in the spiritual life, development of the national culture and preservation of the national identity of the people of Armenia.\" <hl> Among others, ethnographer Hranush Kharatyan has questioned the constitutionality of the phrase \"national church\". <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6575c32b22cd4dfcfbc91c"}
{"question": "What new category does the latest version of the AQF include?", "paragraph": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. As a result, various Australian medical schools have replaced their MBBS degrees with the MD to resolve the previous anomalous nomenclature. With the introduction of the Master's level MD, universities have also renamed their previous medical research doctorates. The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree, and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "answer": "Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees", "sentence": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. <hl> As a result, various Australian medical schools have replaced their MBBS degrees with the MD to resolve the previous anomalous nomenclature. With the introduction of the Master's level MD, universities have also renamed their previous medical research doctorates. The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree, and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "paragraph_answer": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of <hl> Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees <hl> which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. As a result, various Australian medical schools have replaced their MBBS degrees with the MD to resolve the previous anomalous nomenclature. With the introduction of the Master's level MD, universities have also renamed their previous medical research doctorates. The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree, and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "sentence_answer": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of <hl> Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees <hl> which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs.", "paragraph_id": "5d6697402b22cd4dfcfbe325"}
{"question": "Revere type lanterns are named after whom?", "paragraph": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere.", "answer": "Paul Revere", "sentence": "A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere .", "paragraph_sentence": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. <hl> A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after <hl> Paul Revere <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after <hl> Paul Revere <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67bf0c2b22cd4dfcfc0144"}
{"question": "What is an archetype of a plate in engineering?", "paragraph": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "answer": "concrete flat slab", "sentence": "A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate.", "paragraph_sentence": "Plates carry bending in two directions. <hl> A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. <hl> Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "paragraph_answer": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A <hl> concrete flat slab <hl> is an example of a plate. Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> concrete flat slab <hl> is an example of a plate.", "paragraph_id": "5d67551c2b22cd4dfcfbf751"}
{"question": "Where is the the Hillman Cancer Center located?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), which is consistently ranked in U.S. News & World Report's \"Honor Roll\" of America's top hospitals, consists of the following hospitals and facilities in the Oakland area, many of which have shared use with various university departments: UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Magee-Women's Hospital of UPMC, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in Thomas Detre Hall, Eye and Ear Institute, Forbes Tower (home to the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences), Iroquois Building, Kaufman Medical Building, Medical Arts Building, 230 McKee Place, and UPMC University Center. UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland.", "answer": "in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland", "sentence": "UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland .", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), which is consistently ranked in U.S. News & World Report's \"Honor Roll\" of America's top hospitals, consists of the following hospitals and facilities in the Oakland area, many of which have shared use with various university departments: UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Magee-Women's Hospital of UPMC, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in Thomas Detre Hall, Eye and Ear Institute, Forbes Tower (home to the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences), Iroquois Building, Kaufman Medical Building, Medical Arts Building, 230 McKee Place, and UPMC University Center. <hl> UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), which is consistently ranked in U.S. News & World Report's \"Honor Roll\" of America's top hospitals, consists of the following hospitals and facilities in the Oakland area, many of which have shared use with various university departments: UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, UPMC Montefiore Hospital, Magee-Women's Hospital of UPMC, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic in Thomas Detre Hall, Eye and Ear Institute, Forbes Tower (home to the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences), Iroquois Building, Kaufman Medical Building, Medical Arts Building, 230 McKee Place, and UPMC University Center. UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located <hl> in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "UPMC academic hospitals and facilities that are scattered elsewhere throughout the city include the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC campus in the Lawrencevville neighborhood, the UPMC Sports Performance Complex on the South Side, and UPMC Shadyside and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute in the Hillman Cancer Center both located <hl> in the Shadyside neighborhood adjacent to Oakland <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673edc2b22cd4dfcfbf3df"}
{"question": "Which is the oldest museum in the UK?", "paragraph": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "answer": "Ashmolean Museum", "sentence": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum , the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum , the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. <hl> Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "paragraph_answer": "The first of these to be established was the <hl> Ashmolean Museum <hl>, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "sentence_answer": "The first of these to be established was the <hl> Ashmolean Museum <hl> , the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK.", "paragraph_id": "5d6751872b22cd4dfcfbf6cb"}
{"question": "When did advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerge?", "paragraph": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "answer": "in the 1960s", "sentence": "Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007).", "paragraph_sentence": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. <hl> Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). <hl> Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "paragraph_answer": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged <hl> in the 1960s <hl> to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "sentence_answer": "Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged <hl> in the 1960s <hl> to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007).", "paragraph_id": "5d676e492b22cd4dfcfbfb54"}
{"question": "Why were wars perpetuated in the African region?", "paragraph": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\" People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "answer": "not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans", "sentence": "A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans , with a view to that object.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. <hl> A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans , with a view to that object.\" <hl> People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "paragraph_answer": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating <hl> not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans <hl>, with a view to that object.\" People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "sentence_answer": "A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating <hl> not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans <hl> , with a view to that object.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d669efd2b22cd4dfcfbe362"}
{"question": "How many players involved in the sudden death game?", "paragraph": "From 1999\u20132000 until 2003\u201304, the National Hockey League decided ties by playing a single five-minute sudden death overtime period with each team having four players (plus a goalie) per side to \"open-up\" the game. In the event of a tie, each team would still receive one point in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point. The idea was to discourage teams from playing for a tie, since previously some teams might have preferred a tie and 1 point to risking a loss and zero points. The only exception to this rule is if a team opts to pull their goalie in exchange for an extra skater during overtime and is subsequently scored upon (an 'empty net' goal), in which case the losing team receives no points for the overtime loss. Starting in the 2015-16 season, the single five-minute sudden death overtime session will consist of three players plus a goalie.", "answer": "four players (plus a goalie)", "sentence": "From 1999\u20132000 until 2003\u201304, the National Hockey League decided ties by playing a single five-minute sudden death overtime period with each team having four players (plus a goalie) per side to \"open-up\" the game.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> From 1999\u20132000 until 2003\u201304, the National Hockey League decided ties by playing a single five-minute sudden death overtime period with each team having four players (plus a goalie) per side to \"open-up\" the game. <hl> In the event of a tie, each team would still receive one point in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point. The idea was to discourage teams from playing for a tie, since previously some teams might have preferred a tie and 1 point to risking a loss and zero points. The only exception to this rule is if a team opts to pull their goalie in exchange for an extra skater during overtime and is subsequently scored upon (an 'empty net' goal), in which case the losing team receives no points for the overtime loss. Starting in the 2015-16 season, the single five-minute sudden death overtime session will consist of three players plus a goalie.", "paragraph_answer": "From 1999\u20132000 until 2003\u201304, the National Hockey League decided ties by playing a single five-minute sudden death overtime period with each team having <hl> four players (plus a goalie) <hl> per side to \"open-up\" the game. In the event of a tie, each team would still receive one point in the standings but in the event of a victory the winning team would be awarded two points in the standings and the losing team one point. The idea was to discourage teams from playing for a tie, since previously some teams might have preferred a tie and 1 point to risking a loss and zero points. The only exception to this rule is if a team opts to pull their goalie in exchange for an extra skater during overtime and is subsequently scored upon (an 'empty net' goal), in which case the losing team receives no points for the overtime loss. Starting in the 2015-16 season, the single five-minute sudden death overtime session will consist of three players plus a goalie.", "sentence_answer": "From 1999\u20132000 until 2003\u201304, the National Hockey League decided ties by playing a single five-minute sudden death overtime period with each team having <hl> four players (plus a goalie) <hl> per side to \"open-up\" the game.", "paragraph_id": "5d666a772b22cd4dfcfbde56"}
{"question": "What did the campaign largely focus on?", "paragraph": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "answer": "Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy", "sentence": "The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy , with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. <hl> The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy , with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. <hl> Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the <hl> Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy <hl>, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "sentence_answer": "The campaign focused largely on the <hl> Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy <hl> , with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0612b22cd4dfcfbe66b"}
{"question": "Where was the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in 1886?", "paragraph": "In English, acronyms pronounced as words may be a 20th-century phenomenon. Linguist David Wilton in Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends claims that \"forming words from acronyms is a distinctly twentieth- (and now twenty-first-) century phenomenon. There is only one known pre-twentieth-century [English] word with an acronymic origin and it was in vogue for only a short time in 1886. The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year.\" However, although acronymic words seem not to have been employed in general vocabulary before the 20th century (as Wilton points out), the concept of their formation is treated as effortlessly understood (and evidently not novel) in a Poe story of the 1830s, \"How to Write a Blackwood Article\", which includes the contrived acronym P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H.", "answer": "London", "sentence": "The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In English, acronyms pronounced as words may be a 20th-century phenomenon. Linguist David Wilton in Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends claims that \"forming words from acronyms is a distinctly twentieth- (and now twenty-first-) century phenomenon. There is only one known pre-twentieth-century [English] word with an acronymic origin and it was in vogue for only a short time in 1886. <hl> The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London in that year.\" <hl> However, although acronymic words seem not to have been employed in general vocabulary before the 20th century (as Wilton points out), the concept of their formation is treated as effortlessly understood (and evidently not novel) in a Poe story of the 1830s, \"How to Write a Blackwood Article\", which includes the contrived acronym P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H.", "paragraph_answer": "In English, acronyms pronounced as words may be a 20th-century phenomenon. Linguist David Wilton in Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends claims that \"forming words from acronyms is a distinctly twentieth- (and now twenty-first-) century phenomenon. There is only one known pre-twentieth-century [English] word with an acronymic origin and it was in vogue for only a short time in 1886. The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in <hl> London <hl> in that year.\" However, although acronymic words seem not to have been employed in general vocabulary before the 20th century (as Wilton points out), the concept of their formation is treated as effortlessly understood (and evidently not novel) in a Poe story of the 1830s, \"How to Write a Blackwood Article\", which includes the contrived acronym P.R.E.T.T.Y.B.L.U.E.B.A.T.C.H.", "sentence_answer": "The word is colinderies or colinda, an acronym for the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in <hl> London <hl> in that year.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6579472b22cd4dfcfbc937"}
{"question": "How many metals where awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics?", "paragraph": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "answer": "69", "sentence": "Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. <hl> Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. <hl> In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "paragraph_answer": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the <hl> 69 <hl> medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "sentence_answer": "Of the <hl> 69 <hl> medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d668dcb2b22cd4dfcfbe239"}
{"question": "What is recursion?", "paragraph": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "answer": "to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems", "sentence": "Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems .", "paragraph_sentence": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. <hl> Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems . <hl> Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "paragraph_answer": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. Recursion is a useful means <hl> to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems <hl>. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "sentence_answer": "Recursion is a useful means <hl> to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675b0b2b22cd4dfcfbf81f"}
{"question": "Which families were in charge in Europe?", "paragraph": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "answer": "aristocratic", "sentence": "Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part.", "paragraph_sentence": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. <hl> Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. <hl> Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_answer": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where <hl> aristocratic <hl> families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike Europe, where <hl> aristocratic <hl> families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part.", "paragraph_id": "5d66346c2b22cd4dfcfbdae9"}
{"question": "What did Jerry Morris use to study cardiovascular health?", "paragraph": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "answer": "occupational health data", "sentence": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. <hl> The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "paragraph_answer": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using <hl> occupational health data <hl> and were published in year 1958. The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "sentence_answer": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using <hl> occupational health data <hl> and were published in year 1958.", "paragraph_id": "5d6661962b22cd4dfcfbdd18"}
{"question": "In what year did the coronation of Queen Victoria occur?", "paragraph": "Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel: William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's.", "answer": "1838", "sentence": "Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel: William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel: William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in <hl> 1838 <hl> was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel: William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's.", "sentence_answer": "Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in <hl> 1838 <hl> was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel: William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's.", "paragraph_id": "5d6756e32b22cd4dfcfbf788"}
{"question": "What effect occurs because glass lens are shaped into spherical surfaces?", "paragraph": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "answer": "Spherical aberration", "sentence": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. <hl> Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Spherical aberration <hl> occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Spherical aberration <hl> occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used.", "paragraph_id": "5d677f992b22cd4dfcfbfd86"}
{"question": "What was exchanged in England for manufacturers?", "paragraph": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum. The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "answer": "The gold and credit slips", "sentence": "The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "paragraph_sentence": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum. <hl> The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum. <hl> The gold and credit slips <hl> were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The gold and credit slips <hl> were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3be2b22cd4dfcfbcc16"}
{"question": "Where absentee member of parliament was common?", "paragraph": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "answer": "England", "sentence": "Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_sentence": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. <hl> Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike <hl> England <hl> where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "sentence_answer": "Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike <hl> England <hl> where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_id": "5d66346c2b22cd4dfcfbdae8"}
{"question": "Who were the main source of labor after Bacon's Rebellion?", "paragraph": "The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established May 14, 1607 near Chesapeake Bay. The business venture was financed and coordinated by the London Virginia Company, a joint stock company looking for gold. Its first years were extremely difficult, with very high death rates from disease and starvation, wars with local Indians, and little gold. The colony survived and flourished by turning to tobacco as a cash crop. By the late 17th century, Virginia's export economy was largely based on tobacco, and new, richer settlers came in to take up large portions of land, build large plantations and import indentured servants and slaves. In 1676, Bacon's Rebellion occurred, but was suppressed by royal officials. After Bacon's Rebellion, African slaves rapidly replaced indentured servants as Virginia's main labor force.", "answer": "African slaves", "sentence": "After Bacon's Rebellion, African slaves rapidly replaced indentured servants as Virginia's main labor force.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established May 14, 1607 near Chesapeake Bay. The business venture was financed and coordinated by the London Virginia Company, a joint stock company looking for gold. Its first years were extremely difficult, with very high death rates from disease and starvation, wars with local Indians, and little gold. The colony survived and flourished by turning to tobacco as a cash crop. By the late 17th century, Virginia's export economy was largely based on tobacco, and new, richer settlers came in to take up large portions of land, build large plantations and import indentured servants and slaves. In 1676, Bacon's Rebellion occurred, but was suppressed by royal officials. <hl> After Bacon's Rebellion, African slaves rapidly replaced indentured servants as Virginia's main labor force. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The first successful English colony was Jamestown, established May 14, 1607 near Chesapeake Bay. The business venture was financed and coordinated by the London Virginia Company, a joint stock company looking for gold. Its first years were extremely difficult, with very high death rates from disease and starvation, wars with local Indians, and little gold. The colony survived and flourished by turning to tobacco as a cash crop. By the late 17th century, Virginia's export economy was largely based on tobacco, and new, richer settlers came in to take up large portions of land, build large plantations and import indentured servants and slaves. In 1676, Bacon's Rebellion occurred, but was suppressed by royal officials. After Bacon's Rebellion, <hl> African slaves <hl> rapidly replaced indentured servants as Virginia's main labor force.", "sentence_answer": "After Bacon's Rebellion, <hl> African slaves <hl> rapidly replaced indentured servants as Virginia's main labor force.", "paragraph_id": "5d6628572b22cd4dfcfbda4a"}
{"question": "How many men died from disease?", "paragraph": "Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. The state furnished 55,000 men. They were formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 officers and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy. James H. Ward of Hartford was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War. Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "answer": "2801", "sentence": "Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. The state furnished 55,000 men. They were formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 officers and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy. James H. Ward of Hartford was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War. <hl> Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. The state furnished 55,000 men. They were formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 officers and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy. James H. Ward of Hartford was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War. Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, <hl> 2801 <hl> dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, <hl> 2801 <hl> dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "paragraph_id": "5d6627462b22cd4dfcfbda2e"}
{"question": "What were the characteristics of early tin agreements?", "paragraph": "Tin is unique among other mineral commodities by the complex \"agreements\" between producer countries and consumer countries dating back to 1921. The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a\ncontinuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985. Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. The ITC supported the price of tin during periods of low prices by buying tin for its buffer stockpile and was able to restrain the price during periods of high prices by selling tin from the stockpile. This was an anti-free-market approach, designed to assure a sufficient flow of tin to consumer countries and a decent profit for producer countries. However, the buffer stockpile was not sufficiently large, and during most of those 29 years tin prices rose, sometimes sharply, especially from 1973 through 1980 when rampant inflation plagued many world economies.", "answer": "informal and sporadic", "sentence": "The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic ; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a\ncontinuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin is unique among other mineral commodities by the complex \"agreements\" between producer countries and consumer countries dating back to 1921. <hl> The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic ; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985. <hl> Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. The ITC supported the price of tin during periods of low prices by buying tin for its buffer stockpile and was able to restrain the price during periods of high prices by selling tin from the stockpile. This was an anti-free-market approach, designed to assure a sufficient flow of tin to consumer countries and a decent profit for producer countries. However, the buffer stockpile was not sufficiently large, and during most of those 29 years tin prices rose, sometimes sharply, especially from 1973 through 1980 when rampant inflation plagued many world economies.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin is unique among other mineral commodities by the complex \"agreements\" between producer countries and consumer countries dating back to 1921. The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat <hl> informal and sporadic <hl>; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985. Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. The ITC supported the price of tin during periods of low prices by buying tin for its buffer stockpile and was able to restrain the price during periods of high prices by selling tin from the stockpile. This was an anti-free-market approach, designed to assure a sufficient flow of tin to consumer countries and a decent profit for producer countries. However, the buffer stockpile was not sufficiently large, and during most of those 29 years tin prices rose, sometimes sharply, especially from 1973 through 1980 when rampant inflation plagued many world economies.", "sentence_answer": "The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat <hl> informal and sporadic <hl> ; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985.", "paragraph_id": "5d68969c2b22cd4dfcfc3c8b"}
{"question": "Why were so many immigrants coming to the United States in the mid-19th century?", "paragraph": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "answer": "to escape poverty in their home countries.", "sentence": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. <hl> By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "paragraph_answer": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking <hl> to escape poverty in their home countries. <hl> After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "sentence_answer": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking <hl> to escape poverty in their home countries. <hl> After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713be2b22cd4dfcfbee2c"}
{"question": "Recorded robbery and burglary amounts have decreased by how much?", "paragraph": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s.  Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "answer": "80%", "sentence": "Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%.", "paragraph_sentence": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s. Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. <hl> Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. <hl> In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s. Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than <hl> 80% <hl> during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "Robbery and burglary are down by more than <hl> 80% <hl> during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b762b22cd4dfcfbf35d"}
{"question": "Who was the former prime minister?", "paragraph": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "answer": "Gordon Brown", "sentence": "Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records.", "paragraph_sentence": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. <hl> Former British prime minister Gordon Brown accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. <hl> Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "paragraph_answer": "In July 2011 The Sunday Times was implicated in the wider News International phone hacking scandal which primarily involved the News of the World, a Murdoch tabloid newspaper published in the UK from 1843 to 2011. Former British prime minister <hl> Gordon Brown <hl> accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records. Brown's bank reported that an investigator employed by The Sunday Times repeatedly impersonated Brown to gain access to his bank account records. The Sunday Times vigorously denied these accusations and said that the story was in the public interest and that it had followed the Press Complaints Commission code on using subterfuge.", "sentence_answer": "Former British prime minister <hl> Gordon Brown <hl> accused The Sunday Times of employing \"known criminals\" to impersonate him and obtain his private financial records.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750132b22cd4dfcfbf677"}
{"question": "What is the name of a mountain pass where obsidian arrowheads can be found?", "paragraph": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "answer": "Duck Pass", "sentence": "Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails.", "paragraph_sentence": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. <hl> Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. <hl> The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "paragraph_answer": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. Today, some mountain passes, such as <hl> Duck Pass <hl> with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "sentence_answer": "Today, some mountain passes, such as <hl> Duck Pass <hl> with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails.", "paragraph_id": "5d6705f72b22cd4dfcfbeae6"}
{"question": "What experience did the Spanish Civial War veterans have?", "paragraph": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare. The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. During the course of the war, the influence of the Communist Party of Slovenia started to grow, until its supremacy was officially sanctioned in the Dolomiti Declaration of 1 March 1943. Some of the members of Liberation Front and partisans were ex-members of the TIGR resistance movement.", "answer": "experience with guerrilla warfare", "sentence": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare . <hl> The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. During the course of the war, the influence of the Communist Party of Slovenia started to grow, until its supremacy was officially sanctioned in the Dolomiti Declaration of 1 March 1943. Some of the members of Liberation Front and partisans were ex-members of the TIGR resistance movement.", "paragraph_answer": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some <hl> experience with guerrilla warfare <hl>. The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. During the course of the war, the influence of the Communist Party of Slovenia started to grow, until its supremacy was officially sanctioned in the Dolomiti Declaration of 1 March 1943. Some of the members of Liberation Front and partisans were ex-members of the TIGR resistance movement.", "sentence_answer": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some <hl> experience with guerrilla warfare <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6794e32b22cd4dfcfbfe8b"}
{"question": "What happens to \u03b2-tin at cold temperatures?", "paragraph": "\u03b2-tin (the metallic form, or white tin), which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, \u03b1-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), is brittle. \u03b1-tin has a diamond cubic crystal structure, similar to diamond, silicon or germanium. \u03b1-tin has no metallic properties at all because its atoms form a covalent structure where electrons cannot move freely. It is a dull-gray powdery material with no common uses, other than a few specialized semiconductor applications. These two allotropes, \u03b1-tin and \u03b2-tin, are more commonly known as gray tin and white tin, respectively. Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F)  and pressures above several GPa. In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "answer": "In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\".", "sentence": "In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "paragraph_sentence": "\u03b2-tin (the metallic form, or white tin), which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, \u03b1-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), is brittle. \u03b1-tin has a diamond cubic crystal structure, similar to diamond, silicon or germanium. \u03b1-tin has no metallic properties at all because its atoms form a covalent structure where electrons cannot move freely. It is a dull-gray powdery material with no common uses, other than a few specialized semiconductor applications. These two allotropes, \u03b1-tin and \u03b2-tin, are more commonly known as gray tin and white tin, respectively. Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F) and pressures above several GPa. <hl> In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "\u03b2-tin (the metallic form, or white tin), which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, \u03b1-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), is brittle. \u03b1-tin has a diamond cubic crystal structure, similar to diamond, silicon or germanium. \u03b1-tin has no metallic properties at all because its atoms form a covalent structure where electrons cannot move freely. It is a dull-gray powdery material with no common uses, other than a few specialized semiconductor applications. These two allotropes, \u03b1-tin and \u03b2-tin, are more commonly known as gray tin and white tin, respectively. Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F) and pressures above several GPa. <hl> In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". <hl> Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". <hl> Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ed742b22cd4dfcfbe57b"}
{"question": "Which type of members in the Republican Party encourage environmental protection?", "paragraph": "Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. Republican President Richard Nixon was responsible for establishing the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. However, this position has changed since the 1980s and the administration of President Ronald Reagan, who labeled environmental regulations a burden on the economy. Since then Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "answer": "progressive", "sentence": "Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Historically, progressive leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. <hl> Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. Republican President Richard Nixon was responsible for establishing the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. However, this position has changed since the 1980s and the administration of President Ronald Reagan, who labeled environmental regulations a burden on the economy. Since then Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "paragraph_answer": "Historically, <hl> progressive <hl> leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection. Republican President Theodore Roosevelt was a prominent conservationist whose policies eventually led to the creation of the National Park Service. Republican President Richard Nixon was responsible for establishing the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970. However, this position has changed since the 1980s and the administration of President Ronald Reagan, who labeled environmental regulations a burden on the economy. Since then Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation.", "sentence_answer": "Historically, <hl> progressive <hl> leaders in the Republican party supported environmental protection.", "paragraph_id": "5d6739562b22cd4dfcfbf2fa"}
{"question": "When was work begun on the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge?", "paragraph": "Istanbul's primary motorways are the O-1, O-2, O-3 and O-4. The O-1 forms the city's inner ring road, traversing the Bosphorus Bridge, and the O-2 is the city's outer ring road, crossing the Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Second Bosphorus) Bridge. The O-2 continues west to Edirne and the O-4 continues east to Ankara; the O-2, O-3, and O-4 are part of European route E80 (the Trans-European Motorway) between Portugal and the Turkish\u2013Iranian border. The two Bosphorus Bridges are currently the only road crossings between the Asian and European sides of Turkey, together carrying 400,000 vehicles each day. The dual-deck, 14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi) Eurasia Tunnel is currently under construction beneath the Bosphorus, between Fatih and \u00dcsk\u00fcdar. A third Bosphorus bridge, first considered in the 1990s, may also finally be coming to fruition, as construction of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was officially launched in 2013. Both projects may be completed as early as 2015, although environmentalist groups worry that the third bridge will endanger the remaining green areas to the north of Istanbul.", "answer": "2013", "sentence": "A third Bosphorus bridge, first considered in the 1990s, may also finally be coming to fruition, as construction of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was officially launched in 2013 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul's primary motorways are the O-1, O-2, O-3 and O-4. The O-1 forms the city's inner ring road, traversing the Bosphorus Bridge, and the O-2 is the city's outer ring road, crossing the Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Second Bosphorus) Bridge. The O-2 continues west to Edirne and the O-4 continues east to Ankara; the O-2, O-3, and O-4 are part of European route E80 (the Trans-European Motorway) between Portugal and the Turkish\u2013Iranian border. The two Bosphorus Bridges are currently the only road crossings between the Asian and European sides of Turkey, together carrying 400,000 vehicles each day. The dual-deck, 14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi) Eurasia Tunnel is currently under construction beneath the Bosphorus, between Fatih and \u00dcsk\u00fcdar. <hl> A third Bosphorus bridge, first considered in the 1990s, may also finally be coming to fruition, as construction of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was officially launched in 2013 . <hl> Both projects may be completed as early as 2015, although environmentalist groups worry that the third bridge will endanger the remaining green areas to the north of Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul's primary motorways are the O-1, O-2, O-3 and O-4. The O-1 forms the city's inner ring road, traversing the Bosphorus Bridge, and the O-2 is the city's outer ring road, crossing the Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Second Bosphorus) Bridge. The O-2 continues west to Edirne and the O-4 continues east to Ankara; the O-2, O-3, and O-4 are part of European route E80 (the Trans-European Motorway) between Portugal and the Turkish\u2013Iranian border. The two Bosphorus Bridges are currently the only road crossings between the Asian and European sides of Turkey, together carrying 400,000 vehicles each day. The dual-deck, 14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi) Eurasia Tunnel is currently under construction beneath the Bosphorus, between Fatih and \u00dcsk\u00fcdar. A third Bosphorus bridge, first considered in the 1990s, may also finally be coming to fruition, as construction of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was officially launched in <hl> 2013 <hl>. Both projects may be completed as early as 2015, although environmentalist groups worry that the third bridge will endanger the remaining green areas to the north of Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "A third Bosphorus bridge, first considered in the 1990s, may also finally be coming to fruition, as construction of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was officially launched in <hl> 2013 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ff422b22cd4dfcfbd523"}
{"question": "The word Tin can be traced back to what?", "paragraph": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [tinne] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "answer": "reconstructed Proto-Germanic", "sentence": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). <hl> It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [tinne] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "paragraph_answer": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to <hl> reconstructed Proto-Germanic <hl> *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [tinne] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "sentence_answer": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to <hl> reconstructed Proto-Germanic <hl> *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8e02b22cd4dfcfbe8a2"}
{"question": "What was a change that is attributed to the reduction of HUD budget?", "paragraph": "Most notable were cuts to federal low-income housing programs. An advocacy group claims that Congress halved the budget for public housing and Section 8 (the government's housing voucher subsidization program) and that between the years of 1980 and 1989 HUD's budget authority was reduced from $74 billion to $19 billion. Such alleged changes is claimed to have resulted in an inadequate supply of affordable housing to meet the growing demand of low-income populations. In 1970 there were 300,000 more low-cost rental units (6.5 million) than low-income renter households (6.2 million). By 1985, the advocacy group claimed that the number of low-cost units had fallen to 5.6 million, and the number of low-income renter households had grown to 8.9 million, a disparity of 3.3 million units", "answer": "affordable housing", "sentence": "Such alleged changes is claimed to have resulted in an inadequate supply of affordable housing to meet the growing demand of low-income populations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most notable were cuts to federal low-income housing programs. An advocacy group claims that Congress halved the budget for public housing and Section 8 (the government's housing voucher subsidization program) and that between the years of 1980 and 1989 HUD's budget authority was reduced from $74 billion to $19 billion. <hl> Such alleged changes is claimed to have resulted in an inadequate supply of affordable housing to meet the growing demand of low-income populations. <hl> In 1970 there were 300,000 more low-cost rental units (6.5 million) than low-income renter households (6.2 million). By 1985, the advocacy group claimed that the number of low-cost units had fallen to 5.6 million, and the number of low-income renter households had grown to 8.9 million, a disparity of 3.3 million units", "paragraph_answer": "Most notable were cuts to federal low-income housing programs. An advocacy group claims that Congress halved the budget for public housing and Section 8 (the government's housing voucher subsidization program) and that between the years of 1980 and 1989 HUD's budget authority was reduced from $74 billion to $19 billion. Such alleged changes is claimed to have resulted in an inadequate supply of <hl> affordable housing <hl> to meet the growing demand of low-income populations. In 1970 there were 300,000 more low-cost rental units (6.5 million) than low-income renter households (6.2 million). By 1985, the advocacy group claimed that the number of low-cost units had fallen to 5.6 million, and the number of low-income renter households had grown to 8.9 million, a disparity of 3.3 million units", "sentence_answer": "Such alleged changes is claimed to have resulted in an inadequate supply of <hl> affordable housing <hl> to meet the growing demand of low-income populations.", "paragraph_id": "5d660fa72b22cd4dfcfbd762"}
{"question": "Who did the Slovene Partisan Units merge with?", "paragraph": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Yugoslav Army", "sentence": "In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. <hl> In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with <hl> the Yugoslav Army <hl> and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with <hl> the Yugoslav Army <hl> and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67971f2b22cd4dfcfbfea7"}
{"question": "In 2004, what Democrat ran against George Bush for president?", "paragraph": "No Republican has won the presidential election in Manhattan since 1924, when Calvin Coolidge won a plurality of the New York County vote over Democrat John W. Davis, 41.20%\u201339.55%. Warren G. Harding was the most recent Republican presidential candidate to win a majority of the Manhattan vote, with 59.22% of the 1920 vote. In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7%. The borough is the most important source of funding for presidential campaigns in the United States; in 2004, it was home to six of the top seven ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions. The top ZIP code, 10021 on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the United States presidential election for all presidential candidates, including both Kerry and Bush during the 2004 election.", "answer": "John Kerry", "sentence": "In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7%.", "paragraph_sentence": "No Republican has won the presidential election in Manhattan since 1924, when Calvin Coolidge won a plurality of the New York County vote over Democrat John W. Davis, 41.20%\u201339.55%. Warren G. Harding was the most recent Republican presidential candidate to win a majority of the Manhattan vote, with 59.22% of the 1920 vote. <hl> In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7%. <hl> The borough is the most important source of funding for presidential campaigns in the United States; in 2004, it was home to six of the top seven ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions. The top ZIP code, 10021 on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the United States presidential election for all presidential candidates, including both Kerry and Bush during the 2004 election.", "paragraph_answer": "No Republican has won the presidential election in Manhattan since 1924, when Calvin Coolidge won a plurality of the New York County vote over Democrat John W. Davis, 41.20%\u201339.55%. Warren G. Harding was the most recent Republican presidential candidate to win a majority of the Manhattan vote, with 59.22% of the 1920 vote. In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat <hl> John Kerry <hl> received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7%. The borough is the most important source of funding for presidential campaigns in the United States; in 2004, it was home to six of the top seven ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions. The top ZIP code, 10021 on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the United States presidential election for all presidential candidates, including both Kerry and Bush during the 2004 election.", "sentence_answer": "In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat <hl> John Kerry <hl> received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7%.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712512b22cd4dfcfbedeb"}
{"question": "how many were lethal?", "paragraph": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "answer": "155", "sentence": "In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. <hl> In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. <hl> The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which <hl> 155 <hl> were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "sentence_answer": "In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which <hl> 155 <hl> were lethal.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672fc2b22cd4dfcfbdf65"}
{"question": "What are some injuries that are common in women's ice hockey?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "answer": "concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains", "sentence": "Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains .", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. <hl> Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are <hl> concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Some common injuries are <hl> concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8d62b22cd4dfcfbcd57"}
{"question": "Drum and bass tempos have stayed in what range since around 1996?", "paragraph": "Drum and bass is usually between 160\u2013180 BPM, in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM. A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155\u2013165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170\u2013180 range. Recently some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150s and 160s), but the mid-170 tempo is still the hallmark of the drum and bass sound.", "answer": "170\u2013180 range", "sentence": "Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170\u2013180 range .", "paragraph_sentence": "Drum and bass is usually between 160\u2013180 BPM, in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM. A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155\u2013165 BPM by 1993. <hl> Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the 170\u2013180 range . <hl> Recently some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150s and 160s), but the mid-170 tempo is still the hallmark of the drum and bass sound.", "paragraph_answer": "Drum and bass is usually between 160\u2013180 BPM, in contrast to other breakbeat-based dance styles such as nu skool breaks, which maintain a slower pace at around 130\u2013140 BPM. A general upward trend in tempo has been observed during the evolution of drum and bass. The earliest forms of drum and bass clocked in at around 130 bpm in 1990/1991, speeding up to around 155\u2013165 BPM by 1993. Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the <hl> 170\u2013180 range <hl>. Recently some producers have started to once again produce tracks with slower tempos (that is, in the 150s and 160s), but the mid-170 tempo is still the hallmark of the drum and bass sound.", "sentence_answer": "Since around 1996, drum and bass tempos have predominantly stayed in the <hl> 170\u2013180 range <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65fd2f2b22cd4dfcfbd4f4"}
{"question": "When did Charles stay at Oxford?", "paragraph": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "answer": "English Civil War", "sentence": "During the English Civil War , Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During the English Civil War , Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. <hl> The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "paragraph_answer": "During the <hl> English Civil War <hl>, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "sentence_answer": "During the <hl> English Civil War <hl> , Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause.", "paragraph_id": "5d675e6e2b22cd4dfcfbf8d5"}
{"question": "What did the Duke of York capture to end the uncertain colonial limits?", "paragraph": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "answer": "New Netherland", "sentence": "Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. <hl> Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" <hl> On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_answer": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured <hl> New Netherland <hl> in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "sentence_answer": "Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured <hl> New Netherland <hl> in 1664.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6783222b22cd4dfcfbfdd5"}
{"question": "Which chancellor's administration is best known for eliminating Pitt's debt from the 1960s finanical crisis?", "paragraph": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "answer": "Wesley Posvar", "sentence": "In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. <hl> In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. <hl> His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor <hl> Wesley Posvar <hl> retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "sentence_answer": "In 1991, chancellor <hl> Wesley Posvar <hl> retired after 24 years in office.", "paragraph_id": "5d682d3c2b22cd4dfcfc0639"}
{"question": "What does a positive or converging lens in air do?", "paragraph": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "answer": "focuses a collimated beam", "sentence": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. <hl> Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "paragraph_answer": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air <hl> focuses a collimated beam <hl> travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "sentence_answer": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air <hl> focuses a collimated beam <hl> travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens.", "paragraph_id": "5d678bc92b22cd4dfcfbfe3e"}
{"question": "What type of architecture is featured on the Cathedral of Learning?", "paragraph": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "answer": "Gothic revival", "sentence": "The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_sentence": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. <hl> The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. <hl> The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "paragraph_answer": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story <hl> Gothic revival <hl> centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "sentence_answer": "The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story <hl> Gothic revival <hl> centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f9772b22cd4dfcfbe8af"}
{"question": "About how long does a division take?", "paragraph": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "answer": "around eight minutes", "sentence": "The whole procedure takes around eight minutes .", "paragraph_sentence": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). <hl> The whole procedure takes around eight minutes . <hl> Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "paragraph_answer": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes <hl> around eight minutes <hl>. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "sentence_answer": "The whole procedure takes <hl> around eight minutes <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3f42b22cd4dfcfbd139"}
{"question": "What elevations of the Sierra would have an alpine climate?", "paragraph": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California.  During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "answer": "The highest elevations", "sentence": "The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. <hl> The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. <hl> The highest elevations <hl> of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The highest elevations <hl> of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4522b22cd4dfcfbe761"}
{"question": "What letter is used in the common way to make abbreviations plural?", "paragraph": "A particularly rich source of options arises when the plural of an acronym would normally be indicated in a word other than the final word if spelled out in full. A classic example is Member of Parliament, which in plural is Members of Parliament. It is possible then to abbreviate this as M's P. (or similar), as used by former Australian Prime Minister Ben Chifley. This usage is less common than forms with s at the end, such as MPs, and may appear dated or pedantic. In common usage, therefore, weapons of mass destruction becomes WMDs, prisoners of war becomes POWs, and runs batted in becomes RBIs.", "answer": "s", "sentence": "A particularly rich s ource of options arises when the plural of an acronym would normally be indicated in a word other than the final word if spelled out in full.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A particularly rich s ource of options arises when the plural of an acronym would normally be indicated in a word other than the final word if spelled out in full. <hl> A classic example is Member of Parliament, which in plural is Members of Parliament. It is possible then to abbreviate this as M's P. (or similar), as used by former Australian Prime Minister Ben Chifley. This usage is less common than forms with s at the end, such as MPs, and may appear dated or pedantic. In common usage, therefore, weapons of mass destruction becomes WMDs, prisoners of war becomes POWs, and runs batted in becomes RBIs.", "paragraph_answer": "A particularly rich <hl> s <hl>ource of options arises when the plural of an acronym would normally be indicated in a word other than the final word if spelled out in full. A classic example is Member of Parliament, which in plural is Members of Parliament. It is possible then to abbreviate this as M's P. (or similar), as used by former Australian Prime Minister Ben Chifley. This usage is less common than forms with s at the end, such as MPs, and may appear dated or pedantic. In common usage, therefore, weapons of mass destruction becomes WMDs, prisoners of war becomes POWs, and runs batted in becomes RBIs.", "sentence_answer": "A particularly rich <hl> s <hl> ource of options arises when the plural of an acronym would normally be indicated in a word other than the final word if spelled out in full.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ad922b22cd4dfcfbcb17"}
{"question": "During what years was the most recent U.S. recession?", "paragraph": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "answer": "2007-2009", "sentence": "Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession.", "paragraph_sentence": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. <hl> Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. <hl> Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "paragraph_answer": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the <hl> 2007-2009 <hl> recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "sentence_answer": "Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the <hl> 2007-2009 <hl> recession.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706552b22cd4dfcfbeaef"}
{"question": "When were corrective lenses first mentioned?", "paragraph": "The earliest written records of lenses date to Ancient Greece, with Aristophanes' play The Clouds (424 BC) mentioning a burning-glass (a biconvex lens used to focus the sun's rays to produce fire). Some scholars argue that the archeological evidence indicates that there was widespread use of lenses in antiquity, spanning several millennia. Such lenses were used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions. The writings of Pliny the Elder (23\u201379) show that burning-glasses were known to the Roman Empire, and mentions what is arguably the earliest written reference to a corrective lens: Nero was said to watch the gladiatorial games using an emerald (presumably concave to correct for nearsightedness, though the reference is vague). Both Pliny and Seneca the Younger (3 BC\u201365) described the magnifying effect of a glass globe filled with water.", "answer": "writings of Pliny the Elder (23\u201379)", "sentence": "The writings of Pliny the Elder (23\u201379) show that burning-glasses were known to the Roman Empire, and mentions what is arguably the earliest written reference to a corrective lens:", "paragraph_sentence": "The earliest written records of lenses date to Ancient Greece, with Aristophanes' play The Clouds (424 BC) mentioning a burning-glass (a biconvex lens used to focus the sun's rays to produce fire). Some scholars argue that the archeological evidence indicates that there was widespread use of lenses in antiquity, spanning several millennia. Such lenses were used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions. <hl> The writings of Pliny the Elder (23\u201379) show that burning-glasses were known to the Roman Empire, and mentions what is arguably the earliest written reference to a corrective lens: <hl> Nero was said to watch the gladiatorial games using an emerald (presumably concave to correct for nearsightedness, though the reference is vague). Both Pliny and Seneca the Younger (3 BC\u201365) described the magnifying effect of a glass globe filled with water.", "paragraph_answer": "The earliest written records of lenses date to Ancient Greece, with Aristophanes' play The Clouds (424 BC) mentioning a burning-glass (a biconvex lens used to focus the sun's rays to produce fire). Some scholars argue that the archeological evidence indicates that there was widespread use of lenses in antiquity, spanning several millennia. Such lenses were used by artisans for fine work, and for authenticating seal impressions. The <hl> writings of Pliny the Elder (23\u201379) <hl> show that burning-glasses were known to the Roman Empire, and mentions what is arguably the earliest written reference to a corrective lens: Nero was said to watch the gladiatorial games using an emerald (presumably concave to correct for nearsightedness, though the reference is vague). Both Pliny and Seneca the Younger (3 BC\u201365) described the magnifying effect of a glass globe filled with water.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> writings of Pliny the Elder (23\u201379) <hl> show that burning-glasses were known to the Roman Empire, and mentions what is arguably the earliest written reference to a corrective lens:", "paragraph_id": "5d6768012b22cd4dfcfbfa3b"}
{"question": "What two continents does Instanbul sit on?", "paragraph": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side.\nThe city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "answer": "Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side", "sentence": "Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side .", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. <hl> Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side . <hl> The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. <hl> Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side <hl>. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ddcf2b22cd4dfcfbcfd1"}
{"question": "What is the definition of postmodern music?", "paragraph": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to the ideals of the modernist. Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both. Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "answer": "music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism", "sentence": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism . <hl> As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to the ideals of the modernist. Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both. Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or <hl> music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism <hl>. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to the ideals of the modernist. Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both. Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "sentence_answer": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or <hl> music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6722262b22cd4dfcfbf01c"}
{"question": "What percentage had said free-trade agreements hurt the US three years ago?", "paragraph": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "answer": "46%", "sentence": "That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. <hl> That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" <hl> Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from <hl> 46% <hl> three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "sentence_answer": "That is up from <hl> 46% <hl> three years ago and 32% in 1999.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d676b602b22cd4dfcfbfac4"}
{"question": "What led to the addition of 'Y' and 'Z' to the alphabet?", "paragraph": "After the Fall of Tarentum (272 BC), the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath). This hellenization led to the addition of \"Y\" and \"Z\" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds. Subsequently the Romans transplanted Greek art, medicine, science and philosophy to Italy, paying almost any price to entice Greek skilled and educated persons to Rome, and sending their youth to be educated in Greece. Thus, many Latin scientific and philosophical words were Greek loanwords or had their meanings expanded by association with Greek words, as ars (craft) and \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7.", "answer": "hellenization", "sentence": "This hellenization led to the addition of \"Y\" and \"Z\" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds.", "paragraph_sentence": "After the Fall of Tarentum (272 BC), the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath). <hl> This hellenization led to the addition of \"Y\" and \"Z\" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds. <hl> Subsequently the Romans transplanted Greek art, medicine, science and philosophy to Italy, paying almost any price to entice Greek skilled and educated persons to Rome, and sending their youth to be educated in Greece. Thus, many Latin scientific and philosophical words were Greek loanwords or had their meanings expanded by association with Greek words, as ars (craft) and \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7.", "paragraph_answer": "After the Fall of Tarentum (272 BC), the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath). This <hl> hellenization <hl> led to the addition of \"Y\" and \"Z\" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds. Subsequently the Romans transplanted Greek art, medicine, science and philosophy to Italy, paying almost any price to entice Greek skilled and educated persons to Rome, and sending their youth to be educated in Greece. Thus, many Latin scientific and philosophical words were Greek loanwords or had their meanings expanded by association with Greek words, as ars (craft) and \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7.", "sentence_answer": "This <hl> hellenization <hl> led to the addition of \"Y\" and \"Z\" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f6342b22cd4dfcfbd426"}
{"question": "What was established in 1903?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "answer": "Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K.", "sentence": "Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K. , established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. <hl> Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K. , established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. <hl> Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. <hl> Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K. <hl>, established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K. <hl> , established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ef992b22cd4dfcfbd31e"}
{"question": "How many public hospitals are in Istanbul in 2000?", "paragraph": "In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world, with most concentrated in its big cities. The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure.", "answer": "Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private.", "sentence": "In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. <hl> As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world, with most concentrated in its big cities. The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2000, <hl> Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. <hl> Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world, with most concentrated in its big cities. The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure.", "sentence_answer": "In 2000, <hl> Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. <hl> Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fcc72b22cd4dfcfbd4dc"}
{"question": "What is a dictionaries definition of an acronym?", "paragraph": "Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters, many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word, in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)\u200d\u2014\u200can abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters).\nSome dictionaries include additional senses equating acronym with initialism. The distinction, when made, hinges on whether the abbreviation is pronounced as a word or as a string of individual letters. Examples in reference works that make the distinction include NATO /\u02c8ne\u026ato\u028a/, scuba /\u02c8sku\u02d0b\u0259/, and radar /\u02c8re\u026ad\u0251\u02d0r/ for acronyms - and FBI /\u02cc\u025bf\u02ccbi\u02d0\u02c8a\u026a/, CRT /\u02cc\u02c8si\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02ccti\u02d0/, and HTML /\u02cce\u026at\u0283\u02ccti\u02d0\u02cc\u025bm\u02c8\u025bl/ for initialisms. The rest of this article uses acronym for both types of abbreviation.", "answer": "an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word", "sentence": "Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters, many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word , in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)\u200d\u2014\u200can abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters, many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word , in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)\u200d\u2014\u200can abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters). <hl> Some dictionaries include additional senses equating acronym with initialism. The distinction, when made, hinges on whether the abbreviation is pronounced as a word or as a string of individual letters. Examples in reference works that make the distinction include NATO /\u02c8ne\u026ato\u028a/, scuba /\u02c8sku\u02d0b\u0259/, and radar /\u02c8re\u026ad\u0251\u02d0r/ for acronyms - and FBI /\u02cc\u025bf\u02ccbi\u02d0\u02c8a\u026a/, CRT /\u02cc\u02c8si\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02ccti\u02d0/, and HTML /\u02cce\u026at\u0283\u02ccti\u02d0\u02cc\u025bm\u02c8\u025bl/ for initialisms. The rest of this article uses acronym for both types of abbreviation.", "paragraph_answer": "Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters, many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean <hl> an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word <hl>, in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)\u200d\u2014\u200can abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters). Some dictionaries include additional senses equating acronym with initialism. The distinction, when made, hinges on whether the abbreviation is pronounced as a word or as a string of individual letters. Examples in reference works that make the distinction include NATO /\u02c8ne\u026ato\u028a/, scuba /\u02c8sku\u02d0b\u0259/, and radar /\u02c8re\u026ad\u0251\u02d0r/ for acronyms - and FBI /\u02cc\u025bf\u02ccbi\u02d0\u02c8a\u026a/, CRT /\u02cc\u02c8si\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02ccti\u02d0/, and HTML /\u02cce\u026at\u0283\u02ccti\u02d0\u02cc\u025bm\u02c8\u025bl/ for initialisms. The rest of this article uses acronym for both types of abbreviation.", "sentence_answer": "Although the word acronym is often used to refer to any abbreviation formed from initial letters, many dictionaries and usage commentators define acronym to mean <hl> an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word <hl> , in contradistinction to an initialism (or alphabetism)\u200d\u2014\u200can abbreviation formed from a string of initials (and possibly pronounced as individual letters).", "paragraph_id": "5d65ac782b22cd4dfcfbcb05"}
{"question": "Connecticut has a panhandle in which county?", "paragraph": "The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "answer": "Fairfield", "sentence": "The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton. <hl> This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "paragraph_answer": "The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in <hl> Fairfield <hl> County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "sentence_answer": "The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in <hl> Fairfield <hl> County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.", "paragraph_id": "5d65df012b22cd4dfcfbd03c"}
{"question": "Who passed the House Joint Resolution Number 728?", "paragraph": "On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\" With the passing of that resolution, Virginia became the first of the 50 United States to acknowledge through the state's governing body their state's involvement in slavery. The passing of this resolution came on the heels of the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Jamestown, Virginia, which was the first permanent English colony to survive in what would become the United States. Jamestown is also recognized as one of the first slave ports of the American colonies. On 31 May 2007, the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.", "answer": "Virginia General Assembly", "sentence": "On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On 24 February 2007 the Virginia General Assembly passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\" <hl> With the passing of that resolution, Virginia became the first of the 50 United States to acknowledge through the state's governing body their state's involvement in slavery. The passing of this resolution came on the heels of the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Jamestown, Virginia, which was the first permanent English colony to survive in what would become the United States. Jamestown is also recognized as one of the first slave ports of the American colonies. On 31 May 2007, the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.", "paragraph_answer": "On 24 February 2007 the <hl> Virginia General Assembly <hl> passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\" With the passing of that resolution, Virginia became the first of the 50 United States to acknowledge through the state's governing body their state's involvement in slavery. The passing of this resolution came on the heels of the 400th anniversary celebration of the city of Jamestown, Virginia, which was the first permanent English colony to survive in what would become the United States. Jamestown is also recognized as one of the first slave ports of the American colonies. On 31 May 2007, the Governor of Alabama, Bob Riley, signed a resolution expressing \"profound regret\" for Alabama's role in slavery and apologizing for slavery's wrongs and lingering effects. Alabama is the fourth state to pass a slavery apology, following votes by the legislatures in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.", "sentence_answer": "On 24 February 2007 the <hl> Virginia General Assembly <hl> passed House Joint Resolution Number 728 acknowledging \"with profound regret the involuntary servitude of Africans and the exploitation of Native Americans, and call for reconciliation among all Virginians.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6686be2b22cd4dfcfbe1c9"}
{"question": "What interstate road runs through Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Winters are generally cool to cold from south to north in Connecticut, with average January temperatures ranging from 38 \u00b0F (3 \u00b0C) in the coastal lowlands to 29 \u00b0F (\u22122 \u00b0C) in the inland and northern portions on the state. The average yearly snowfall ranges from about 50\u201360 inches (1,300\u20131,500 mm) in the higher elevations of the northern portion of the state to only 20\u201325 inches (510\u2013640 mm) along the southeast coast of Connecticut. Generally, any locale north or west of Interstate 84 receives the most snow, during a storm, and throughout the season.", "answer": "Interstate 84", "sentence": "Generally, any locale north or west of Interstate 84 receives the most snow, during a storm, and throughout the season.", "paragraph_sentence": "Winters are generally cool to cold from south to north in Connecticut, with average January temperatures ranging from 38 \u00b0F (3 \u00b0C) in the coastal lowlands to 29 \u00b0F (\u22122 \u00b0C) in the inland and northern portions on the state. The average yearly snowfall ranges from about 50\u201360 inches (1,300\u20131,500 mm) in the higher elevations of the northern portion of the state to only 20\u201325 inches (510\u2013640 mm) along the southeast coast of Connecticut. <hl> Generally, any locale north or west of Interstate 84 receives the most snow, during a storm, and throughout the season. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Winters are generally cool to cold from south to north in Connecticut, with average January temperatures ranging from 38 \u00b0F (3 \u00b0C) in the coastal lowlands to 29 \u00b0F (\u22122 \u00b0C) in the inland and northern portions on the state. The average yearly snowfall ranges from about 50\u201360 inches (1,300\u20131,500 mm) in the higher elevations of the northern portion of the state to only 20\u201325 inches (510\u2013640 mm) along the southeast coast of Connecticut. Generally, any locale north or west of <hl> Interstate 84 <hl> receives the most snow, during a storm, and throughout the season.", "sentence_answer": "Generally, any locale north or west of <hl> Interstate 84 <hl> receives the most snow, during a storm, and throughout the season.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674662b22cd4dfcfbdfa8"}
{"question": "What type of holidays is flag use common on?", "paragraph": "The flag is customarily flown  year-round at most public buildings, and it is not unusual to find private houses flying full-size (3 by 5 feet (0.91 by 1.52 m)) flags. Some private use is year-round, but becomes widespread on civic holidays like Memorial Day, Veterans Day, Presidents' Day, Flag Day, and on Independence Day. On Memorial Day it is common to place small flags by war memorials and next to the graves of U.S. war veterans. Also on Memorial Day it is common to fly the flag at half staff, until noon, in remembrance of those who lost their lives fighting in U.S. wars.", "answer": "civic holidays", "sentence": "Some private use is year-round, but becomes widespread on civic holidays like Memorial Day, Veterans Day, Presidents' Day, Flag Day, and on Independence Day.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag is customarily flown year-round at most public buildings, and it is not unusual to find private houses flying full-size (3 by 5 feet (0.91 by 1.52 m)) flags. <hl> Some private use is year-round, but becomes widespread on civic holidays like Memorial Day, Veterans Day, Presidents' Day, Flag Day, and on Independence Day. <hl> On Memorial Day it is common to place small flags by war memorials and next to the graves of U.S. war veterans. Also on Memorial Day it is common to fly the flag at half staff, until noon, in remembrance of those who lost their lives fighting in U.S. wars.", "paragraph_answer": "The flag is customarily flown year-round at most public buildings, and it is not unusual to find private houses flying full-size (3 by 5 feet (0.91 by 1.52 m)) flags. Some private use is year-round, but becomes widespread on <hl> civic holidays <hl> like Memorial Day, Veterans Day, Presidents' Day, Flag Day, and on Independence Day. On Memorial Day it is common to place small flags by war memorials and next to the graves of U.S. war veterans. Also on Memorial Day it is common to fly the flag at half staff, until noon, in remembrance of those who lost their lives fighting in U.S. wars.", "sentence_answer": "Some private use is year-round, but becomes widespread on <hl> civic holidays <hl> like Memorial Day, Veterans Day, Presidents' Day, Flag Day, and on Independence Day.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c07d2b22cd4dfcfbcb76"}
{"question": "What did first wave feminism mainly focus on?", "paragraph": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "answer": "first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality", "sentence": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. <hl> Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_answer": "Whereas <hl> first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality <hl> (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "sentence_answer": "Whereas <hl> first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality <hl> (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e292b22cd4dfcfbec72"}
{"question": "In an \"off-side\" game, what type of passes are allowed?", "paragraph": "Hockey is an \"off-side\" game, meaning that forward passes are allowed, unlike in rugby. Before the 1930s hockey was an on-side game, meaning that only backward passes were allowed. Those rules favoured individual stick-handling as a key means of driving the puck forward. With the arrival of offside rules, the forward pass transformed hockey into a truly team sport, where individual performance diminished in importance relative to team play, which could now be coordinated over the entire surface of the ice as opposed to merely rearward players.", "answer": "forward passes", "sentence": "Hockey is an \"off-side\" game, meaning that forward passes are allowed, unlike in rugby.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Hockey is an \"off-side\" game, meaning that forward passes are allowed, unlike in rugby. <hl> Before the 1930s hockey was an on-side game, meaning that only backward passes were allowed. Those rules favoured individual stick-handling as a key means of driving the puck forward. With the arrival of offside rules, the forward pass transformed hockey into a truly team sport, where individual performance diminished in importance relative to team play, which could now be coordinated over the entire surface of the ice as opposed to merely rearward players.", "paragraph_answer": "Hockey is an \"off-side\" game, meaning that <hl> forward passes <hl> are allowed, unlike in rugby. Before the 1930s hockey was an on-side game, meaning that only backward passes were allowed. Those rules favoured individual stick-handling as a key means of driving the puck forward. With the arrival of offside rules, the forward pass transformed hockey into a truly team sport, where individual performance diminished in importance relative to team play, which could now be coordinated over the entire surface of the ice as opposed to merely rearward players.", "sentence_answer": "Hockey is an \"off-side\" game, meaning that <hl> forward passes <hl> are allowed, unlike in rugby.", "paragraph_id": "5d666fa52b22cd4dfcfbdef4"}
{"question": "What task does having a key for acronyms in a publication eliminate the need for?", "paragraph": "In addition to expansion at first use, some publications also have a key listing all acronyms used therein and what their expansions are. This is a convenience to readers for two reasons. The first is that if they are not reading the entire publication sequentially (which is a common mode of reading), then they may encounter an acronym without having seen its expansion. Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. (This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.) The second reason for the key feature is its pedagogical value in educational works such as textbooks. It gives students a way to review the meanings of the acronyms introduced in a chapter after they have done the line-by-line reading, and also a way to quiz themselves on the meanings (by covering up the expansion column and recalling the expansions from memory, then checking their answers by uncovering.) In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions (redundant to such readers).", "answer": "skimming", "sentence": "Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion.", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to expansion at first use, some publications also have a key listing all acronyms used therein and what their expansions are. This is a convenience to readers for two reasons. The first is that if they are not reading the entire publication sequentially (which is a common mode of reading), then they may encounter an acronym without having seen its expansion. <hl> Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. <hl> (This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.) The second reason for the key feature is its pedagogical value in educational works such as textbooks. It gives students a way to review the meanings of the acronyms introduced in a chapter after they have done the line-by-line reading, and also a way to quiz themselves on the meanings (by covering up the expansion column and recalling the expansions from memory, then checking their answers by uncovering.) In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions (redundant to such readers).", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to expansion at first use, some publications also have a key listing all acronyms used therein and what their expansions are. This is a convenience to readers for two reasons. The first is that if they are not reading the entire publication sequentially (which is a common mode of reading), then they may encounter an acronym without having seen its expansion. Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates <hl> skimming <hl> over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. (This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.) The second reason for the key feature is its pedagogical value in educational works such as textbooks. It gives students a way to review the meanings of the acronyms introduced in a chapter after they have done the line-by-line reading, and also a way to quiz themselves on the meanings (by covering up the expansion column and recalling the expansions from memory, then checking their answers by uncovering.) In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions (redundant to such readers).", "sentence_answer": "Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates <hl> skimming <hl> over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion.", "paragraph_id": "5d657bf82b22cd4dfcfbc97e"}
{"question": "Which city in Connecticut has the highest population?", "paragraph": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "answer": "Bridgeport", "sentence": "Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport .", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. <hl> Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport . <hl> The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is <hl> Bridgeport <hl>. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "sentence_answer": "Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is <hl> Bridgeport <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd092b22cd4dfcfbcfae"}
{"question": "What game similar to hockey was played by the Norse?", "paragraph": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "answer": "knattleikr", "sentence": "A similar game ( knattleikr ) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. <hl> A similar game ( knattleikr ) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. <hl> In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "paragraph_answer": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (<hl> knattleikr <hl>) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "sentence_answer": "A similar game ( <hl> knattleikr <hl> ) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas.", "paragraph_id": "5d6691f92b22cd4dfcfbe2aa"}
{"question": "What is the most common tin/lead ratio in their alloy?", "paragraph": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious  \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "answer": "50%/50%", "sentence": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. <hl> The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "paragraph_answer": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with <hl> 50%/50% <hl> being the most common. The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "sentence_answer": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with <hl> 50%/50% <hl> being the most common.", "paragraph_id": "5d67be542b22cd4dfcfc0127"}
{"question": "What is the only optional piece of safety equipment?", "paragraph": "Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence. Protective equipment is mandatory and is enforced in all competitive situations. This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector.", "answer": "neck protector", "sentence": "This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector .", "paragraph_sentence": "Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence. Protective equipment is mandatory and is enforced in all competitive situations. <hl> This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence. Protective equipment is mandatory and is enforced in all competitive situations. This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a <hl> neck protector <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a <hl> neck protector <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675d2f2b22cd4dfcfbf8a3"}
{"question": "Tributyltin oxide is used for what?", "paragraph": "Organotin compounds can have a relatively high toxicity, which is both advantageous and problematic. They have been used for their biocidal effects in/as fungicides, pesticides, algaecides, wood preservatives, and antifouling agents. Tributyltin oxide is used as a wood preservative. Tributyltin was used as additive for ship paint to prevent growth of marine organisms on ships, with use declining after organotin compounds were recognized as persistent organic pollutants with an extremely high toxicity for some marine organisms, for example the dog whelk. The EU banned the use of organotin compounds in 2003, while concerns over the toxicity of these compounds to marine life and their effects on the reproduction and growth of some marine species, (some reports describe biological effects to marine life at a concentration of 1 nanogram per liter) have led to a worldwide ban by the International Maritime Organization. Many nations now restrict the use of organotin compounds to vessels over 25 meters long.", "answer": "wood preservative", "sentence": "They have been used for their biocidal effects in/as fungicides, pesticides, algaecides, wood preservative s, and antifouling agents.", "paragraph_sentence": "Organotin compounds can have a relatively high toxicity, which is both advantageous and problematic. <hl> They have been used for their biocidal effects in/as fungicides, pesticides, algaecides, wood preservative s, and antifouling agents. <hl> Tributyltin oxide is used as a wood preservative. Tributyltin was used as additive for ship paint to prevent growth of marine organisms on ships, with use declining after organotin compounds were recognized as persistent organic pollutants with an extremely high toxicity for some marine organisms, for example the dog whelk. The EU banned the use of organotin compounds in 2003, while concerns over the toxicity of these compounds to marine life and their effects on the reproduction and growth of some marine species, (some reports describe biological effects to marine life at a concentration of 1 nanogram per liter) have led to a worldwide ban by the International Maritime Organization. Many nations now restrict the use of organotin compounds to vessels over 25 meters long.", "paragraph_answer": "Organotin compounds can have a relatively high toxicity, which is both advantageous and problematic. They have been used for their biocidal effects in/as fungicides, pesticides, algaecides, <hl> wood preservative <hl>s, and antifouling agents. Tributyltin oxide is used as a wood preservative. Tributyltin was used as additive for ship paint to prevent growth of marine organisms on ships, with use declining after organotin compounds were recognized as persistent organic pollutants with an extremely high toxicity for some marine organisms, for example the dog whelk. The EU banned the use of organotin compounds in 2003, while concerns over the toxicity of these compounds to marine life and their effects on the reproduction and growth of some marine species, (some reports describe biological effects to marine life at a concentration of 1 nanogram per liter) have led to a worldwide ban by the International Maritime Organization. Many nations now restrict the use of organotin compounds to vessels over 25 meters long.", "sentence_answer": "They have been used for their biocidal effects in/as fungicides, pesticides, algaecides, <hl> wood preservative <hl> s, and antifouling agents.", "paragraph_id": "5d674b0c2b22cd4dfcfbf550"}
{"question": "What are the main systems for forechecking?", "paragraph": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134. The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "answer": "2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134", "sentence": "Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134 .", "paragraph_sentence": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). <hl> Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134 . <hl> The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "paragraph_answer": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: <hl> 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134 <hl>. The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "sentence_answer": "Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: <hl> 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7c62b22cd4dfcfbceda"}
{"question": "What is use to analyze the elements of Tin?", "paragraph": "Tin has ten stable isotopes, with atomic masses of 112, 114 through 120, 122 and 124, the greatest number of any element. Of these, the most abundant ones are 120Sn (at almost a third of all tin), 118Sn, and 116Sn, while the least abundant one is 115Sn. The isotopes possessing even mass numbers have no nuclear spin, while the odd ones have a spin of +1/2. Tin, with its three common isotopes 116Sn, 118Sn and 120Sn, is among the easiest elements to detect and analyze by NMR spectroscopy, and its chemical shifts are referenced against SnMe4.[note 1]", "answer": "NMR spectroscopy", "sentence": "Tin, with its three common isotopes 116Sn, 118Sn and 120Sn, is among the easiest elements to detect and analyze by NMR spectroscopy , and its chemical shifts are referenced against SnMe4.[note 1]", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin has ten stable isotopes, with atomic masses of 112, 114 through 120, 122 and 124, the greatest number of any element. Of these, the most abundant ones are 120Sn (at almost a third of all tin), 118Sn, and 116Sn, while the least abundant one is 115Sn. The isotopes possessing even mass numbers have no nuclear spin, while the odd ones have a spin of +1/2. <hl> Tin, with its three common isotopes 116Sn, 118Sn and 120Sn, is among the easiest elements to detect and analyze by NMR spectroscopy , and its chemical shifts are referenced against SnMe4.[note 1] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin has ten stable isotopes, with atomic masses of 112, 114 through 120, 122 and 124, the greatest number of any element. Of these, the most abundant ones are 120Sn (at almost a third of all tin), 118Sn, and 116Sn, while the least abundant one is 115Sn. The isotopes possessing even mass numbers have no nuclear spin, while the odd ones have a spin of +1/2. Tin, with its three common isotopes 116Sn, 118Sn and 120Sn, is among the easiest elements to detect and analyze by <hl> NMR spectroscopy <hl>, and its chemical shifts are referenced against SnMe4.[note 1]", "sentence_answer": "Tin, with its three common isotopes 116Sn, 118Sn and 120Sn, is among the easiest elements to detect and analyze by <hl> NMR spectroscopy <hl> , and its chemical shifts are referenced against SnMe4.[note 1]", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0352b22cd4dfcfbe64c"}
{"question": "Latin influence in what language was significant?", "paragraph": "Latin influence in English has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In the medieval period, much borrowing from Latin occurred through ecclesiastical usage established by Saint Augustine of Canterbury in the sixth century or indirectly after the Norman Conquest through the Anglo-Norman language. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words. These were dubbed \"inkhorn terms\", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten. Some useful ones, though, survived, such as 'imbibe' and 'extrapolate'. Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of Old French.", "answer": "Old French", "sentence": "Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of Old French .", "paragraph_sentence": "Latin influence in English has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In the medieval period, much borrowing from Latin occurred through ecclesiastical usage established by Saint Augustine of Canterbury in the sixth century or indirectly after the Norman Conquest through the Anglo-Norman language. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words. These were dubbed \"inkhorn terms\", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten. Some useful ones, though, survived, such as 'imbibe' and 'extrapolate'. <hl> Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of Old French . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Latin influence in English has been significant at all stages of its insular development. In the medieval period, much borrowing from Latin occurred through ecclesiastical usage established by Saint Augustine of Canterbury in the sixth century or indirectly after the Norman Conquest through the Anglo-Norman language. From the 16th to the 18th centuries, English writers cobbled together huge numbers of new words from Latin and Greek words. These were dubbed \"inkhorn terms\", as if they had spilled from a pot of ink. Many of these words were used once by the author and then forgotten. Some useful ones, though, survived, such as 'imbibe' and 'extrapolate'. Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of <hl> Old French <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Many of the most common polysyllabic English words are of Latin origin through the medium of <hl> Old French <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6625912b22cd4dfcfbd9fc"}
{"question": "What type of clause should contracts have?", "paragraph": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "answer": "Entire Agreement", "sentence": " Ideally, the contract should contain an ' Entire Agreement ' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.", "paragraph_sentence": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. <hl> Ideally, the contract should contain an ' Entire Agreement ' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. <hl> If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "paragraph_answer": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. Ideally, the contract should contain an '<hl> Entire Agreement <hl>' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "sentence_answer": " Ideally, the contract should contain an ' <hl> Entire Agreement <hl> ' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8e82b22cd4dfcfbcd68"}
{"question": "Who were the Communists fighting against occupation?", "paragraph": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "answer": "Japanese occupation forces", "sentence": "In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces .", "paragraph_sentence": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. <hl> In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces . <hl> In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_answer": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against <hl> Japanese occupation forces <hl>. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "sentence_answer": "In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against <hl> Japanese occupation forces <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f51f2b22cd4dfcfbe780"}
{"question": "What preposition would a woman use to add her husband's surname to her father's surname?", "paragraph": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "answer": "\"de\" (of)", "sentence": "In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of) .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. <hl> In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of) . <hl> For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "paragraph_answer": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition <hl> \"de\" (of) <hl>. For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "sentence_answer": "In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition <hl> \"de\" (of) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67301d2b22cd4dfcfbf207"}
{"question": "In the eastern side of the world where is surname commonly placed?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "the surname is placed first", "sentence": "In other cultures the surname is placed first , followed by the given name or names.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). <hl> In other cultures the surname is placed first , followed by the given name or names. <hl> This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures <hl> the surname is placed first <hl>, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "sentence_answer": "In other cultures <hl> the surname is placed first <hl> , followed by the given name or names.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1132b22cd4dfcfc046b"}
{"question": "Which team first won The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup?", "paragraph": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. In 1892, realizing that there was no recognition for the best team in Canada (although a number of leagues had championship trophies), he purchased a silver bowl for use as a trophy. The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. Stanley's son Arthur helped organize the Ontario Hockey Association, and Stanley's daughter Isobel was one of the first women to play ice hockey.", "answer": "Montreal Hockey Club", "sentence": "The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club , champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. In 1892, realizing that there was no recognition for the best team in Canada (although a number of leagues had championship trophies), he purchased a silver bowl for use as a trophy. <hl> The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club , champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. <hl> Stanley's son Arthur helped organize the Ontario Hockey Association, and Stanley's daughter Isobel was one of the first women to play ice hockey.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. In 1892, realizing that there was no recognition for the best team in Canada (although a number of leagues had championship trophies), he purchased a silver bowl for use as a trophy. The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the <hl> Montreal Hockey Club <hl>, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. Stanley's son Arthur helped organize the Ontario Hockey Association, and Stanley's daughter Isobel was one of the first women to play ice hockey.", "sentence_answer": "The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the <hl> Montreal Hockey Club <hl> , champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team.", "paragraph_id": "5d66641b2b22cd4dfcfbdd95"}
{"question": "Does Broadway end in Manhattan?", "paragraph": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx, north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and shopping venues. Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip. In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).", "answer": "continuing north into the Bronx", "sentence": "Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx, north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and shopping venues. <hl> Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip. <hl> In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).", "paragraph_answer": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx, north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and shopping venues. Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and <hl> continuing north into the Bronx <hl> at Manhattan's northern tip. In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).", "sentence_answer": "Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and <hl> continuing north into the Bronx <hl> at Manhattan's northern tip.", "paragraph_id": "5d670fca2b22cd4dfcfbecf3"}
{"question": "Besides the United States what international place has the Pitt Glee Club performed?", "paragraph": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "answer": "Europe", "sentence": "The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. <hl> The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe . <hl> Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "paragraph_answer": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and <hl> Europe <hl>. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "sentence_answer": "The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and <hl> Europe <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8092b22cd4dfcfbe838"}
{"question": "What is the current location of the Bowery Mission that dates back to 1909?", "paragraph": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon.\nAn examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\"  An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "answer": "227\u2013229 Bowery", "sentence": "The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon. An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" <hl> The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon. An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at <hl> 227\u2013229 Bowery <hl> dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "sentence_answer": "The present location of the Bowery Mission at <hl> 227\u2013229 Bowery <hl> dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "paragraph_id": "5d660b782b22cd4dfcfbd6c2"}
{"question": "What tactic attempts to keep the puck in the offensive zone by pressuring the opposing team's winger when they are breaking out?", "paragraph": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "answer": "Pinching", "sentence": "Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. <hl> Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. <hl> A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. <hl> Pinching <hl> is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Pinching <hl> is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d97d2b22cd4dfcfbcf00"}
{"question": "Should those with no symptoms of cardiovascular disease get an ECG screening?", "paragraph": "Screening ECGs (either at rest or with exercise) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. This includes those who are young without risk factors. In those at higher risk the evidence for screening with ECGs is inconclusive.", "answer": "not recommended", "sentence": "Screening ECGs (either at rest or with exercise) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Screening ECGs (either at rest or with exercise) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. <hl> This includes those who are young without risk factors. In those at higher risk the evidence for screening with ECGs is inconclusive.", "paragraph_answer": "Screening ECGs (either at rest or with exercise) are <hl> not recommended <hl> in those without symptoms who are at low risk. This includes those who are young without risk factors. In those at higher risk the evidence for screening with ECGs is inconclusive.", "sentence_answer": "Screening ECGs (either at rest or with exercise) are <hl> not recommended <hl> in those without symptoms who are at low risk.", "paragraph_id": "5d6611542b22cd4dfcfbd791"}
{"question": "what are some methods of mining tin?", "paragraph": "Because of the higher specific gravity of tin dioxide, about 80% of mined tin is from secondary deposits found downstream from the primary lodes. Tin is often recovered from granules washed downstream in the past and deposited in valleys or under sea. The most economical ways of mining tin are through dredging, hydraulic methods or open cast mining. Most of the world's tin is produced from placer deposits, which may contain as little as 0.015% tin.", "answer": "The most economical ways of mining tin are through dredging, hydraulic methods or open cast mining.", "sentence": "The most economical ways of mining tin are through dredging, hydraulic methods or open cast mining. Most of the world's tin is produced from placer deposits, which may contain as little as 0.015% tin.", "paragraph_sentence": "Because of the higher specific gravity of tin dioxide, about 80% of mined tin is from secondary deposits found downstream from the primary lodes. Tin is often recovered from granules washed downstream in the past and deposited in valleys or under sea. <hl> The most economical ways of mining tin are through dredging, hydraulic methods or open cast mining. Most of the world's tin is produced from placer deposits, which may contain as little as 0.015% tin. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Because of the higher specific gravity of tin dioxide, about 80% of mined tin is from secondary deposits found downstream from the primary lodes. Tin is often recovered from granules washed downstream in the past and deposited in valleys or under sea. <hl> The most economical ways of mining tin are through dredging, hydraulic methods or open cast mining. <hl> Most of the world's tin is produced from placer deposits, which may contain as little as 0.015% tin.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The most economical ways of mining tin are through dredging, hydraulic methods or open cast mining. <hl> Most of the world's tin is produced from placer deposits, which may contain as little as 0.015% tin.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f0a12b22cd4dfcfc0458"}
{"question": "How many deaths are attributed to low fruit/vegetable intake a year?", "paragraph": "High dietary intakes of saturated fat, trans-fats and salt, and low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish are linked to cardiovascular risk, although whether all these associations are a cause is disputed. The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. The amount of dietary salt consumed is also an important determinant of blood pressure levels and overall cardiovascular risk. Frequent consumption of high-energy foods, such as processed foods that are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity and may increase cardiovascular risk.  High trans-fat intake has adverse effects on blood lipids and circulating inflammatory markers, and elimination of trans-fat from diets has been widely advocated. \nThere is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids, and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "answer": "1.7 million deaths", "sentence": "The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption.", "paragraph_sentence": "High dietary intakes of saturated fat, trans-fats and salt, and low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish are linked to cardiovascular risk, although whether all these associations are a cause is disputed. <hl> The World Health Organization attributes approximately 1.7 million deaths worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. <hl> The amount of dietary salt consumed is also an important determinant of blood pressure levels and overall cardiovascular risk. Frequent consumption of high-energy foods, such as processed foods that are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity and may increase cardiovascular risk. High trans-fat intake has adverse effects on blood lipids and circulating inflammatory markers, and elimination of trans-fat from diets has been widely advocated. There is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids, and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "paragraph_answer": "High dietary intakes of saturated fat, trans-fats and salt, and low intake of fruits, vegetables and fish are linked to cardiovascular risk, although whether all these associations are a cause is disputed. The World Health Organization attributes approximately <hl> 1.7 million deaths <hl> worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption. The amount of dietary salt consumed is also an important determinant of blood pressure levels and overall cardiovascular risk. Frequent consumption of high-energy foods, such as processed foods that are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity and may increase cardiovascular risk. High trans-fat intake has adverse effects on blood lipids and circulating inflammatory markers, and elimination of trans-fat from diets has been widely advocated. There is evidence that higher consumption of sugar is associated with higher blood pressure and unfavorable blood lipids, and sugar intake also increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. High consumption of processed meats is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly in part due to increased dietary salt intake.", "sentence_answer": "The World Health Organization attributes approximately <hl> 1.7 million deaths <hl> worldwide to low fruit and vegetable consumption.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0de2b22cd4dfcfbcb7d"}
{"question": "What year did Oxford accommodate Charles 1?", "paragraph": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "answer": "1642", "sentence": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642 , after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642 , after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. <hl> The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "paragraph_answer": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in <hl> 1642 <hl>, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "sentence_answer": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in <hl> 1642 <hl> , after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause.", "paragraph_id": "5d675e6e2b22cd4dfcfbf8d4"}
{"question": "For the example given, what five colors does Y consist of?", "paragraph": "For an example of a function, let X be the set consisting of four shapes: a red triangle, a yellow rectangle, a green hexagon, and a red square; and let Y be the set consisting of five colors: red, blue, green, pink, and yellow. Linking each shape to its color is a function from X to Y: each shape is linked to a color (i.e., an element in Y), and each shape is \"linked\", or \"mapped\", to exactly one color.  There is no shape that lacks a color and no shape that has two or more colors.  This function will be referred to as the \"color-of-the-shape function\".", "answer": "\"color-of-the-shape function\"", "sentence": " This function will be referred to as the \"color-of-the-shape function\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "For an example of a function, let X be the set consisting of four shapes: a red triangle, a yellow rectangle, a green hexagon, and a red square; and let Y be the set consisting of five colors: red, blue, green, pink, and yellow. Linking each shape to its color is a function from X to Y: each shape is linked to a color (i.e., an element in Y), and each shape is \"linked\", or \"mapped\", to exactly one color. There is no shape that lacks a color and no shape that has two or more colors. <hl> This function will be referred to as the \"color-of-the-shape function\" . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "For an example of a function, let X be the set consisting of four shapes: a red triangle, a yellow rectangle, a green hexagon, and a red square; and let Y be the set consisting of five colors: red, blue, green, pink, and yellow. Linking each shape to its color is a function from X to Y: each shape is linked to a color (i.e., an element in Y), and each shape is \"linked\", or \"mapped\", to exactly one color. There is no shape that lacks a color and no shape that has two or more colors. This function will be referred to as the <hl> \"color-of-the-shape function\" <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " This function will be referred to as the <hl> \"color-of-the-shape function\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6685c32b22cd4dfcfbe19d"}
{"question": "Structural engineer became a profession when?", "paragraph": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "answer": "the Industrial Revolution", "sentence": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). <hl> The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "paragraph_answer": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with <hl> the Industrial Revolution <hl> and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "sentence_answer": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with <hl> the Industrial Revolution <hl> and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete).", "paragraph_id": "5d6760fa2b22cd4dfcfbf939"}
{"question": "Who coined the phrase \"Croatian miracle\"?", "paragraph": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy. According to Goldstein, among Croatian partisans at the end of 1941, 77% were Serbs and 21.5% were Croats, and others as well as unknown nationalities. The percentage of Croats in the Partisans had increased to 32% by August 1942, which rose to 34% by September 1943. After the capitulation of Italy, it increased further. At the end of 1944 there were 60.4% Croats, 28.6% Serbs and 11% of other unknown nationalities in Croatian partisan units. By 1944, the Partisans in Croatia were 60.4% Croat, 28.6% Serb, 2.8% Muslim and 8.2% other. Overall, from 1941 to 1945, the Partisans in Croatia were 61% Croat, 28% Serb, and rest composed of Slovenes, Muslims, Montenegrins, Italians, Hungarians, Czechs, Jews and Volksdeutsche.\nIn the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "answer": "Winston Churchill", "sentence": "\nIn the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy. According to Goldstein, among Croatian partisans at the end of 1941, 77% were Serbs and 21.5% were Croats, and others as well as unknown nationalities. The percentage of Croats in the Partisans had increased to 32% by August 1942, which rose to 34% by September 1943. After the capitulation of Italy, it increased further. At the end of 1944 there were 60.4% Croats, 28.6% Serbs and 11% of other unknown nationalities in Croatian partisan units. By 1944, the Partisans in Croatia were 60.4% Croat, 28.6% Serb, 2.8% Muslim and 8.2% other. Overall, from 1941 to 1945, the Partisans in Croatia were 61% Croat, 28% Serb, and rest composed of Slovenes, Muslims, Montenegrins, Italians, Hungarians, Czechs, Jews and Volksdeutsche. <hl> In the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as \"the Croatian miracle.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy. According to Goldstein, among Croatian partisans at the end of 1941, 77% were Serbs and 21.5% were Croats, and others as well as unknown nationalities. The percentage of Croats in the Partisans had increased to 32% by August 1942, which rose to 34% by September 1943. After the capitulation of Italy, it increased further. At the end of 1944 there were 60.4% Croats, 28.6% Serbs and 11% of other unknown nationalities in Croatian partisan units. By 1944, the Partisans in Croatia were 60.4% Croat, 28.6% Serb, 2.8% Muslim and 8.2% other. Overall, from 1941 to 1945, the Partisans in Croatia were 61% Croat, 28% Serb, and rest composed of Slovenes, Muslims, Montenegrins, Italians, Hungarians, Czechs, Jews and Volksdeutsche. In the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by <hl> Winston Churchill <hl> as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "sentence_answer": " In the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by <hl> Winston Churchill <hl> as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd6d2b22cd4dfcfbe964"}
{"question": "How many explanations have been given in regards to why age is a risk factor for heart related diseases?", "paragraph": "Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases. One of them is related to serum cholesterol level. In most populations, the serum total cholesterol level increases as age increases. In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years. In women, the increase continues sharply until age 60 to 65 years.", "answer": "Multiple", "sentence": "Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases. <hl> One of them is related to serum cholesterol level. In most populations, the serum total cholesterol level increases as age increases. In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years. In women, the increase continues sharply until age 60 to 65 years.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Multiple <hl> explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases. One of them is related to serum cholesterol level. In most populations, the serum total cholesterol level increases as age increases. In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years. In women, the increase continues sharply until age 60 to 65 years.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Multiple <hl> explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ce062b22cd4dfcfbcda5"}
{"question": "What can result when moist air tries to expel a mass of arctic air?", "paragraph": "Extratropical cyclones can bring cold and dangerous conditions with heavy rain and snow with winds exceeding 119 km/h (74 mph), (sometimes referred to as windstorms in Europe). The band of precipitation that is associated with their warm front is often extensive, forced by weak upward vertical motion of air over the frontal boundary which condenses as it cools and produces precipitation within an elongated band, which is wide and stratiform, meaning falling out of nimbostratus clouds.  When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass, overrunning snow can result within the poleward side of the elongated precipitation band.  In the Northern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the North Pole, or north.  Within the Southern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the South Pole, or south.", "answer": "overrunning snow", "sentence": " When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass, overrunning snow can result within the poleward side of the elongated precipitation band.", "paragraph_sentence": "Extratropical cyclones can bring cold and dangerous conditions with heavy rain and snow with winds exceeding 119 km/h (74 mph), (sometimes referred to as windstorms in Europe). The band of precipitation that is associated with their warm front is often extensive, forced by weak upward vertical motion of air over the frontal boundary which condenses as it cools and produces precipitation within an elongated band, which is wide and stratiform, meaning falling out of nimbostratus clouds. <hl> When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass, overrunning snow can result within the poleward side of the elongated precipitation band. <hl> In the Northern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the North Pole, or north. Within the Southern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the South Pole, or south.", "paragraph_answer": "Extratropical cyclones can bring cold and dangerous conditions with heavy rain and snow with winds exceeding 119 km/h (74 mph), (sometimes referred to as windstorms in Europe). The band of precipitation that is associated with their warm front is often extensive, forced by weak upward vertical motion of air over the frontal boundary which condenses as it cools and produces precipitation within an elongated band, which is wide and stratiform, meaning falling out of nimbostratus clouds. When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass, <hl> overrunning snow <hl> can result within the poleward side of the elongated precipitation band. In the Northern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the North Pole, or north. Within the Southern Hemisphere, poleward is towards the South Pole, or south.", "sentence_answer": " When moist air tries to dislodge an arctic air mass, <hl> overrunning snow <hl> can result within the poleward side of the elongated precipitation band.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f06e2b22cd4dfcfbe674"}
{"question": "What is a convenient feature of the AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP process?", "paragraph": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders.", "answer": "easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders", "sentence": "However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders .", "paragraph_sentence": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. <hl> However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for <hl> easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for <hl> easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6731e52b22cd4dfcfbf249"}
{"question": "What time period is being used to predict the amount of people in Manhattan?", "paragraph": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "answer": "2000 and 2030", "sentence": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030 , an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030 , an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. <hl> The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "paragraph_answer": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between <hl> 2000 and 2030 <hl>, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "sentence_answer": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between <hl> 2000 and 2030 <hl> , an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period.", "paragraph_id": "5d67614e2b22cd4dfcfbf943"}
{"question": "What Eastern Asian cultural spheres place their surnames first?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China", "sentence": "This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China .", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. <hl> This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including <hl> Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including <hl> Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1142b22cd4dfcfc0477"}
{"question": "How are feminine forms declined?", "paragraph": "First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)).", "answer": "like first declension nouns", "sentence": "First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. <hl> For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)).", "paragraph_answer": "First and second declension adjectives are declined <hl> like first declension nouns <hl> for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)).", "sentence_answer": "First and second declension adjectives are declined <hl> like first declension nouns <hl> for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f48e2b22cd4dfcfbd3db"}
{"question": "New versions of Windows were released to support what new architecture?", "paragraph": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "answer": "Intel Itanium architecture", "sentence": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. <hl> Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "With the introduction of the <hl> Intel Itanium architecture <hl> (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "sentence_answer": "With the introduction of the <hl> Intel Itanium architecture <hl> (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it.", "paragraph_id": "5d67aa7b2b22cd4dfcfbff69"}
{"question": "dilaurate is an example of what kind of compound?", "paragraph": "The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "answer": "tin", "sentence": "The major commercial application of organo tin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major commercial application of organo tin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. <hl> In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "paragraph_answer": "The major commercial application of organo<hl> tin <hl> compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "sentence_answer": "The major commercial application of organo <hl> tin <hl> compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics.", "paragraph_id": "5d674dd42b22cd4dfcfbf5d4"}
{"question": "What year did the Republican presidential candidate win majority of the popular vote?", "paragraph": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "answer": "2004", "sentence": "However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004 , while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. <hl> However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004 , while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in <hl> 2004 <hl>, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "sentence_answer": "However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in <hl> 2004 <hl> , while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "paragraph_id": "5d6746fb2b22cd4dfcfbf4ca"}
{"question": "What was installed faster because of automatic updates?", "paragraph": "Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service approximately once a month (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary. In versions of Windows after and including Windows 2000 SP3 and Windows XP, updates can be automatically downloaded and installed if the user selects to do so. As a result, Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003, were installed by users more quickly than it otherwise might have been.", "answer": "Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003", "sentence": "As a result, Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003 , were installed by users more quickly than it otherwise might have been.", "paragraph_sentence": "Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service approximately once a month (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary. In versions of Windows after and including Windows 2000 SP3 and Windows XP, updates can be automatically downloaded and installed if the user selects to do so. <hl> As a result, Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003 , were installed by users more quickly than it otherwise might have been. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service approximately once a month (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary. In versions of Windows after and including Windows 2000 SP3 and Windows XP, updates can be automatically downloaded and installed if the user selects to do so. As a result, <hl> Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003 <hl>, were installed by users more quickly than it otherwise might have been.", "sentence_answer": "As a result, <hl> Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003 <hl> , were installed by users more quickly than it otherwise might have been.", "paragraph_id": "5d672ca62b22cd4dfcfbf1a1"}
{"question": "What are two examples of pieces of property?", "paragraph": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium).  For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss.  That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "answer": "a car or a house", "sentence": " For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house ) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss.", "paragraph_sentence": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium). <hl> For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house ) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. <hl> That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "paragraph_answer": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium). For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., <hl> a car or a house <hl>) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "sentence_answer": " For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., <hl> a car or a house <hl> ) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ebfe2b22cd4dfcfbd2aa"}
{"question": "what distinguishes first order logic from propositional logic", "paragraph": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects.  It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "answer": "the use of sentences that contain variables", "sentence": " It allows the use of sentences that contain variables , so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. <hl> It allows the use of sentences that contain variables , so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. <hl> This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. It allows <hl> the use of sentences that contain variables <hl>, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "sentence_answer": " It allows <hl> the use of sentences that contain variables <hl> , so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable.", "paragraph_id": "5d6618df2b22cd4dfcfbd875"}
{"question": "There were two on staff at launching, who were they?", "paragraph": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "answer": "Alan Ruddock and John Burns", "sentence": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). <hl> It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, <hl> Alan Ruddock and John Burns <hl> (who is at present associate editor). It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "sentence_answer": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, <hl> Alan Ruddock and John Burns <hl> (who is at present associate editor).", "paragraph_id": "5d674d7b2b22cd4dfcfbf5ac"}
{"question": "Can states make their own changes regarding the law ?", "paragraph": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state.  They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "answer": "each state may make changes in the enactment process", "sentence": "Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process , but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted.", "paragraph_sentence": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. <hl> Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process , but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. <hl> The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "paragraph_answer": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and <hl> each state may make changes in the enactment process <hl>, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "sentence_answer": "Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and <hl> each state may make changes in the enactment process <hl> , but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted.", "paragraph_id": "5d6623f52b22cd4dfcfbd9e4"}
{"question": "What types of ends are found in fatty acids?", "paragraph": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis. They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "answer": "a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end", "sentence": "They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water.", "paragraph_sentence": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis. <hl> They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. <hl> The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "paragraph_answer": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis. They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with <hl> a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end <hl> that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "sentence_answer": "They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with <hl> a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end <hl> that is insoluble in water.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d8dd2b22cd4dfcfc030a"}
{"question": "Which area of British America made up 60% of the total slave population?", "paragraph": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Carolinas", "sentence": "In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas .", "paragraph_sentence": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. <hl> In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas . <hl> About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in <hl> the Carolinas <hl>. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in <hl> the Carolinas <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667a392b22cd4dfcfbe057"}
{"question": "What act was the key center of the debate?", "paragraph": "These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion) for the banking industry. The initial attempt to pass the bill failed in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition. Following a significant drop in the stock market and pressure from a variety of sources, a second vote passed the bill in the House.", "answer": "Emergency Economic Stabilization", "sentence": "These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion) for the banking industry.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion) for the banking industry. <hl> The initial attempt to pass the bill failed in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition. Following a significant drop in the stock market and pressure from a variety of sources, a second vote passed the bill in the House.", "paragraph_answer": "These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the <hl> Emergency Economic Stabilization <hl> Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion) for the banking industry. The initial attempt to pass the bill failed in the House of Representatives due primarily to Republican opposition. Following a significant drop in the stock market and pressure from a variety of sources, a second vote passed the bill in the House.", "sentence_answer": "These historical positions were also expressed during the debate around the <hl> Emergency Economic Stabilization <hl> Act of 2008, which authorized the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), an approximately $700 billion bailout package (later reduced to $430 billion) for the banking industry.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712f42b22cd4dfcfbee15"}
{"question": "When did New England's mos destructive storm in history occur?", "paragraph": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "answer": "September 21, 1938", "sentence": "On September 21, 1938 , the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On September 21, 1938 , the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. <hl> The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "paragraph_answer": "On <hl> September 21, 1938 <hl>, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "sentence_answer": "On <hl> September 21, 1938 <hl> , the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people.", "paragraph_id": "5d662bee2b22cd4dfcfbda84"}
{"question": "Mention one historical place in Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Many districts and landmarks in Manhattan have become well known, as New York City received a record of nearly 60 million tourists in 2015, and Manhattan hosts three of the world's 10 most-visited tourist attractions in 2013: Times Square, Central Park, and Grand Central Terminal. The borough hosts many world-renowned bridges, such as the Brooklyn Bridge; skyscrapers such as the One World Trade Center, one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world; and parks, such as Central Park. There are many historically significant places in Manhattan: Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, and the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village is considered the birthplace of the modern gay rights movement. The City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of city government. Numerous colleges and universities are located in Manhattan, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, which have been ranked among the top 35 in the world.", "answer": "Chinatown", "sentence": "There are many historically significant places in Manhattan: Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, and the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village is considered the birthplace of the modern gay rights movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many districts and landmarks in Manhattan have become well known, as New York City received a record of nearly 60 million tourists in 2015, and Manhattan hosts three of the world's 10 most-visited tourist attractions in 2013: Times Square, Central Park, and Grand Central Terminal. The borough hosts many world-renowned bridges, such as the Brooklyn Bridge; skyscrapers such as the One World Trade Center, one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world; and parks, such as Central Park. <hl> There are many historically significant places in Manhattan: Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, and the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village is considered the birthplace of the modern gay rights movement. <hl> The City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of city government. Numerous colleges and universities are located in Manhattan, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, which have been ranked among the top 35 in the world.", "paragraph_answer": "Many districts and landmarks in Manhattan have become well known, as New York City received a record of nearly 60 million tourists in 2015, and Manhattan hosts three of the world's 10 most-visited tourist attractions in 2013: Times Square, Central Park, and Grand Central Terminal. The borough hosts many world-renowned bridges, such as the Brooklyn Bridge; skyscrapers such as the One World Trade Center, one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world; and parks, such as Central Park. There are many historically significant places in Manhattan: <hl> Chinatown <hl> incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, and the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village is considered the birthplace of the modern gay rights movement. The City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of city government. Numerous colleges and universities are located in Manhattan, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, which have been ranked among the top 35 in the world.", "sentence_answer": "There are many historically significant places in Manhattan: <hl> Chinatown <hl> incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, and the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village is considered the birthplace of the modern gay rights movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e35b2b22cd4dfcfc03a0"}
{"question": "At what point does the increase in blood cholesterol levels begin to slow down in men?", "paragraph": "Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases. One of them is related to serum cholesterol level. In most populations, the serum total cholesterol level increases as age increases. In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years. In women, the increase continues sharply until age 60 to 65 years.", "answer": "age 45 to 50", "sentence": "In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years.", "paragraph_sentence": "Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases. One of them is related to serum cholesterol level. In most populations, the serum total cholesterol level increases as age increases. <hl> In men, this increase levels off around age 45 to 50 years. <hl> In women, the increase continues sharply until age 60 to 65 years.", "paragraph_answer": "Multiple explanations have been proposed to explain why age increases the risk of cardiovascular/heart diseases. One of them is related to serum cholesterol level. In most populations, the serum total cholesterol level increases as age increases. In men, this increase levels off around <hl> age 45 to 50 <hl> years. In women, the increase continues sharply until age 60 to 65 years.", "sentence_answer": "In men, this increase levels off around <hl> age 45 to 50 <hl> years.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ce062b22cd4dfcfbcda7"}
{"question": "What was the death rates of Cheasepeake colony during early days?", "paragraph": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "answer": "High", "sentence": "High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. <hl> High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. <hl> High <hl> death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> High <hl> death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "paragraph_id": "5d662af82b22cd4dfcfbda7a"}
{"question": "What is the nations largest newspaper by circulation?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "answer": "The Wall Street Journal", "sentence": "The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal , is also based there.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. <hl> The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal , is also based there. <hl> Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, <hl> The Wall Street Journal <hl>, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "sentence_answer": "The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, <hl> The Wall Street Journal <hl> , is also based there.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a1132b22cd4dfcfbfec7"}
{"question": "By which decade lawyers became prominent in American politics?", "paragraph": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "answer": "1770s", "sentence": "This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s .", "paragraph_sentence": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. <hl> This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the <hl> 1770s <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the <hl> 1770s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6633642b22cd4dfcfbdad4"}
{"question": "Which discipline extensively relies upon instruction in materials science?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering depends on the knowledge of materials and their properties, in order to understand how different materials support and resist loads.", "answer": "Structural engineering", "sentence": "Structural engineering depends on the knowledge of materials and their properties, in order to understand how different materials support and resist loads.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineering depends on the knowledge of materials and their properties, in order to understand how different materials support and resist loads. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Structural engineering <hl> depends on the knowledge of materials and their properties, in order to understand how different materials support and resist loads.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Structural engineering <hl> depends on the knowledge of materials and their properties, in order to understand how different materials support and resist loads.", "paragraph_id": "5d676a862b22cd4dfcfbfa9c"}
{"question": "What does the Republic party reject altogether as a means to limit carbon emissions?", "paragraph": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "answer": "cap-and-trade policy", "sentence": "The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. <hl> The Republican party rejects cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon emissions. <hl> Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "paragraph_answer": "Senator John McCain has also previously proposed laws regulating carbon emissions, such as the McCain-Lieberman Climate Stewardship Act, although his position on climate change is unusual among high-ranking party members. Some Republican candidates have supported development of alternative fuels in order to achieve energy independence for the US. The Republican party rejects <hl> cap-and-trade policy <hl> to limit carbon emissions. Some Republicans support increased oil drilling in protected areas such as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a position that has drawn criticism from activists.", "sentence_answer": "The Republican party rejects <hl> cap-and-trade policy <hl> to limit carbon emissions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6744072b22cd4dfcfbf467"}
{"question": "What was the first mechanically ventilated tunnel that connects Manhattan to Jersey City?", "paragraph": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "answer": "The Holland Tunnel", "sentence": "The Holland Tunnel , connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel.", "paragraph_sentence": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. <hl> The Holland Tunnel , connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. <hl> The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "paragraph_answer": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. <hl> The Holland Tunnel <hl>, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Holland Tunnel <hl> , connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f23a2b22cd4dfcfbe6d0"}
{"question": "When was the final Ottoman sultan exiled?", "paragraph": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "answer": "November 1922", "sentence": "The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in November 1922 ; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. <hl> The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in November 1922 ; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in <hl> November 1922 <hl>; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "sentence_answer": "The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in <hl> November 1922 <hl> ; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c88e2b22cd4dfcfbcd30"}
{"question": "What is one of the theorems that First-order logic satisfy?", "paragraph": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "answer": "L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem", "sentence": "First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. <hl> First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the <hl> L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem <hl> and the compactness theorem.", "sentence_answer": "First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the <hl> L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem <hl> and the compactness theorem.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b43f2b22cd4dfcfbe411"}
{"question": "Who used a Postmodern style of painting as a way to depart from French Impressionism?", "paragraph": "The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal (a quarterly philosophical review), used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "answer": "John Watkins Chapman", "sentence": "John Watkins Chapman suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism.", "paragraph_sentence": "The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. <hl> John Watkins Chapman suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. <hl> J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal (a quarterly philosophical review), used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The term postmodern was first used around the 1880s. <hl> John Watkins Chapman <hl> suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in The Hibbert Journal (a quarterly philosophical review), used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion: \"The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition.\"", "sentence_answer": "<hl> John Watkins Chapman <hl> suggested \"a Postmodern style of painting\" as a way to depart from French Impressionism.", "paragraph_id": "5d674da82b22cd4dfcfbf5cb"}
{"question": "What has the capacity issues plauged ?", "paragraph": "Nevertheless, federal regulation has continued to encroach upon the state regulatory system.  The idea of an optional federal charter was first raised after a spate of solvency and capacity issues plagued property and casualty insurers in the 1970s.  This OFC concept was to establish an elective federal regulatory scheme that insurers could opt into from the traditional state system, somewhat analogous to the dual-charter regulation of banks. Although the optional federal chartering proposal was defeated in the 1970s, it became the precursor for a modern debate over optional federal chartering in the last decade.", "answer": "capacity issues plagued property and casualty insurers", "sentence": " The idea of an optional federal charter was first raised after a spate of solvency and capacity issues plagued property and casualty insurers in the 1970s.", "paragraph_sentence": "Nevertheless, federal regulation has continued to encroach upon the state regulatory system. <hl> The idea of an optional federal charter was first raised after a spate of solvency and capacity issues plagued property and casualty insurers in the 1970s. <hl> This OFC concept was to establish an elective federal regulatory scheme that insurers could opt into from the traditional state system, somewhat analogous to the dual-charter regulation of banks. Although the optional federal chartering proposal was defeated in the 1970s, it became the precursor for a modern debate over optional federal chartering in the last decade.", "paragraph_answer": "Nevertheless, federal regulation has continued to encroach upon the state regulatory system. The idea of an optional federal charter was first raised after a spate of solvency and <hl> capacity issues plagued property and casualty insurers <hl> in the 1970s. This OFC concept was to establish an elective federal regulatory scheme that insurers could opt into from the traditional state system, somewhat analogous to the dual-charter regulation of banks. Although the optional federal chartering proposal was defeated in the 1970s, it became the precursor for a modern debate over optional federal chartering in the last decade.", "sentence_answer": " The idea of an optional federal charter was first raised after a spate of solvency and <hl> capacity issues plagued property and casualty insurers <hl> in the 1970s.", "paragraph_id": "5d6625582b22cd4dfcfbd9f5"}
{"question": "Connecticut's rural areas are found in which corners of the state?", "paragraph": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "answer": "northeast and northwest", "sentence": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. <hl> Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the <hl> northeast and northwest <hl> corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the <hl> northeast and northwest <hl> corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de6a2b22cd4dfcfbcffe"}
{"question": "When did Istanbul's first power plant close?", "paragraph": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983. The state-run Turkish Electrical Authority (TEK) briefly\u2014between its founding in 1970 and 1984\u2014held a monopoly on the generation and distribution of electricity, but now the authority\u2014since split between the Turkish Electricity Generation Transmission Company (TEA\u015e) and the Turkish Electricity Distribution Company (TEDA\u015e)\u2014competes with private electric utilities.", "answer": "1983", "sentence": "Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. <hl> Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983 . <hl> The state-run Turkish Electrical Authority (TEK) briefly\u2014between its founding in 1970 and 1984\u2014held a monopoly on the generation and distribution of electricity, but now the authority\u2014since split between the Turkish Electricity Generation Transmission Company (TEA\u015e) and the Turkish Electricity Distribution Company (TEDA\u015e)\u2014competes with private electric utilities.", "paragraph_answer": "The Silahtara\u011fa Power Station, a coal-fired power plant along the Golden Horn, was the sole source of Istanbul's electricity between 1914, when its first engine room was completed, and 1952. Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in <hl> 1983 <hl>. The state-run Turkish Electrical Authority (TEK) briefly\u2014between its founding in 1970 and 1984\u2014held a monopoly on the generation and distribution of electricity, but now the authority\u2014since split between the Turkish Electricity Generation Transmission Company (TEA\u015e) and the Turkish Electricity Distribution Company (TEDA\u015e)\u2014competes with private electric utilities.", "sentence_answer": "Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in <hl> 1983 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f6aa2b22cd4dfcfbd43a"}
{"question": "whose responsibility to achieve structural element and materiel goals?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "answer": "Structural engineer", "sentence": "Structural engineer ing theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineer ing theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. <hl> Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Structural engineer <hl>ing theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Structural engineer <hl> ing theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6771f52b22cd4dfcfbfc0a"}
{"question": "What was the audience unaware of?", "paragraph": "Monin and Miller (2001) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials.", "answer": "credentials", "sentence": "Monin and Miller (2001) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Monin and Miller (2001) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established credentials as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Monin and Miller (2001) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established <hl> credentials <hl> as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials.", "sentence_answer": "Monin and Miller (2001) examined the moral self-licensing effect and found that when participants established <hl> credentials <hl> as non-prejudiced persons, they were more willing to express politically incorrect opinions despite the fact that the audience was unaware of their credentials.", "paragraph_id": "5d67511c2b22cd4dfcfbf6ae"}
{"question": "Who wrote journals, pamphlets, books and sermons more than all of the other colonies combined?", "paragraph": "New Englanders wrote journals, pamphlets, books and especially sermons\u2014more than all of the other colonies combined. Cotton Mather, a Boston minister published Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702), while revivalist Jonathan Edwards wrote his philosophical work, A Careful and Strict Enquiry Into...Notions of...Freedom of Will... (1754). Most music had a religious theme as well and was mainly the singing of Psalms. Because of New England's deep religious beliefs, artistic works that were insufficiently religious or too \"worldly\" were banned, especially the theater. The leading theologian and philosopher of the colonial era was Jonathan Edwards of Massachusetts, an interpreter of Calvinism, and the leader of the First Great Awakening.", "answer": "New Englanders", "sentence": "New Englanders wrote journals, pamphlets, books and especially sermons\u2014more than all of the other colonies combined.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> New Englanders wrote journals, pamphlets, books and especially sermons\u2014more than all of the other colonies combined. <hl> Cotton Mather, a Boston minister published Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702), while revivalist Jonathan Edwards wrote his philosophical work, A Careful and Strict Enquiry Into...Notions of...Freedom of Will... (1754). Most music had a religious theme as well and was mainly the singing of Psalms. Because of New England's deep religious beliefs, artistic works that were insufficiently religious or too \"worldly\" were banned, especially the theater. The leading theologian and philosopher of the colonial era was Jonathan Edwards of Massachusetts, an interpreter of Calvinism, and the leader of the First Great Awakening.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> New Englanders <hl> wrote journals, pamphlets, books and especially sermons\u2014more than all of the other colonies combined. Cotton Mather, a Boston minister published Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America, 1702), while revivalist Jonathan Edwards wrote his philosophical work, A Careful and Strict Enquiry Into...Notions of...Freedom of Will... (1754). Most music had a religious theme as well and was mainly the singing of Psalms. Because of New England's deep religious beliefs, artistic works that were insufficiently religious or too \"worldly\" were banned, especially the theater. The leading theologian and philosopher of the colonial era was Jonathan Edwards of Massachusetts, an interpreter of Calvinism, and the leader of the First Great Awakening.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> New Englanders <hl> wrote journals, pamphlets, books and especially sermons\u2014more than all of the other colonies combined.", "paragraph_id": "5d6657922b22cd4dfcfbdc5a"}
{"question": "How did SKY form its acronym?", "paragraph": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "answer": "first letter of their English names", "sentence": "The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities).", "paragraph_sentence": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. <hl> The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). <hl> In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "paragraph_answer": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the <hl> first letter of their English names <hl> (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "sentence_answer": "The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the <hl> first letter of their English names <hl> (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities).", "paragraph_id": "5d657af82b22cd4dfcfbc95e"}
{"question": "The British's fear of what country played a fear in the establishment of Georgia?", "paragraph": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems. At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. This plan would both rid Great Britain of its undesirable elements and provide her with a base from which to attack Florida. The first colonists arrived in 1733.", "answer": "Spain", "sentence": "At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas.", "paragraph_sentence": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems. <hl> At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. <hl> Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. This plan would both rid Great Britain of its undesirable elements and provide her with a base from which to attack Florida. The first colonists arrived in 1733.", "paragraph_answer": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems. At that time, tension between <hl> Spain <hl> and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. This plan would both rid Great Britain of its undesirable elements and provide her with a base from which to attack Florida. The first colonists arrived in 1733.", "sentence_answer": "At that time, tension between <hl> Spain <hl> and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fde92b22cd4dfcfbd4fd"}
{"question": "What was Connecticut's largest industry in 2009?", "paragraph": "Finance and insurance is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. Major financial industry employers include The Hartford, Travelers, Cigna, Aetna, Mass Mutual, People's United Financial, Royal Bank of Scotland, UBS Bridgewater Associates and GE Capital. Separately, the real estate industry accounted for an additional 15% of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy; and William Raveis Real Estate.", "answer": "Finance and insurance", "sentence": "Finance and insurance is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Finance and insurance is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. <hl> Major financial industry employers include The Hartford, Travelers, Cigna, Aetna, Mass Mutual, People's United Financial, Royal Bank of Scotland, UBS Bridgewater Associates and GE Capital. Separately, the real estate industry accounted for an additional 15% of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy; and William Raveis Real Estate.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Finance and insurance <hl> is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009. Major financial industry employers include The Hartford, Travelers, Cigna, Aetna, Mass Mutual, People's United Financial, Royal Bank of Scotland, UBS Bridgewater Associates and GE Capital. Separately, the real estate industry accounted for an additional 15% of economic activity in 2009, with major employers including Realogy; and William Raveis Real Estate.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Finance and insurance <hl> is Connecticut's largest industry, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, generating 16.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009.", "paragraph_id": "5d66684d2b22cd4dfcfbde26"}
{"question": "Which well-known psychoanalyst believed that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego?", "paragraph": "In modern moral psychology, morality is considered to change through personal development. A number of psychologists have produced theories on the development of morals, usually going through stages of different morals. Lawrence Kohlberg, Jean Piaget, and Elliot Turiel have cognitive-developmental approaches to moral development; to these theorists morality forms in a series of constructive stages or domains. Social psychologists such as Martin Hoffman and Jonathan Haidt emphasize social and emotional development based on biology, such as empathy. Moral identity theorists, such as William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, see moral commitment as arising from the development of a self-identity that is defined by moral purposes: this moral self-identity leads to a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes. Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as Sigmund Freud, who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance.", "answer": "Sigmund Freud", "sentence": "Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as Sigmund Freud , who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance.", "paragraph_sentence": "In modern moral psychology, morality is considered to change through personal development. A number of psychologists have produced theories on the development of morals, usually going through stages of different morals. Lawrence Kohlberg, Jean Piaget, and Elliot Turiel have cognitive-developmental approaches to moral development; to these theorists morality forms in a series of constructive stages or domains. Social psychologists such as Martin Hoffman and Jonathan Haidt emphasize social and emotional development based on biology, such as empathy. Moral identity theorists, such as William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, see moral commitment as arising from the development of a self-identity that is defined by moral purposes: this moral self-identity leads to a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes. <hl> Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as Sigmund Freud , who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In modern moral psychology, morality is considered to change through personal development. A number of psychologists have produced theories on the development of morals, usually going through stages of different morals. Lawrence Kohlberg, Jean Piaget, and Elliot Turiel have cognitive-developmental approaches to moral development; to these theorists morality forms in a series of constructive stages or domains. Social psychologists such as Martin Hoffman and Jonathan Haidt emphasize social and emotional development based on biology, such as empathy. Moral identity theorists, such as William Damon and Mordechai Nisan, see moral commitment as arising from the development of a self-identity that is defined by moral purposes: this moral self-identity leads to a sense of responsibility to pursue such purposes. Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as <hl> Sigmund Freud <hl>, who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance.", "sentence_answer": "Of historical interest in psychology are the theories of psychoanalysts such as <hl> Sigmund Freud <hl> , who believe that moral development is the product of aspects of the super-ego as guilt-shame avoidance.", "paragraph_id": "5d674fbf2b22cd4dfcfbf64b"}
{"question": "What was the opinion of critics of modernism?", "paragraph": "The idea of Postmodernism in architecture began as a response to the perceived blandness and failed Utopianism of the Modern movement. Modern Architecture, as established and developed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, was focused on the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of \"frivolous ornament.\" Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective, and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy. Definitive postmodern architecture such as the work of Michael Graves and Robert Venturi rejects the notion of a 'pure' form or 'perfect' architectonic detail, instead conspicuously drawing from all methods, materials, forms and colors available to architects.", "answer": "the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective", "sentence": "Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective , and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy.", "paragraph_sentence": "The idea of Postmodernism in architecture began as a response to the perceived blandness and failed Utopianism of the Modern movement. Modern Architecture, as established and developed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, was focused on the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of \"frivolous ornament.\" <hl> Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective , and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy. <hl> Definitive postmodern architecture such as the work of Michael Graves and Robert Venturi rejects the notion of a 'pure' form or 'perfect' architectonic detail, instead conspicuously drawing from all methods, materials, forms and colors available to architects.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of Postmodernism in architecture began as a response to the perceived blandness and failed Utopianism of the Modern movement. Modern Architecture, as established and developed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, was focused on the pursuit of a perceived ideal perfection, and attempted harmony of form and function, and dismissal of \"frivolous ornament.\" Critics of modernism argued that <hl> the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective <hl>, and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy. Definitive postmodern architecture such as the work of Michael Graves and Robert Venturi rejects the notion of a 'pure' form or 'perfect' architectonic detail, instead conspicuously drawing from all methods, materials, forms and colors available to architects.", "sentence_answer": "Critics of modernism argued that <hl> the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective <hl> , and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy.", "paragraph_id": "5d674ffb2b22cd4dfcfbf667"}
{"question": "Name the most notable American who was trained by British officers for battle.", "paragraph": "The French and Indian War took on a new significance for the British North American colonists when William Pitt the Elder decided that, in order to win the war against France, major military resources needed to be devoted to North America. For the first time, the continent became one of the main theaters of what could be termed a \"world war\". During the war, the position of the British colonies as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as British military and civilian officials took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans. The war also increased a sense of American unity in other ways. It caused men, who might normally have never left their own colony, to travel across the continent, fighting alongside men from decidedly different, yet still \"American\", backgrounds. Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably George Washington) for battle\u2014which would later benefit the American Revolution. Also, colonial legislatures and officials had to cooperate intensively, for the first time, in pursuit of the continent-wide military effort. The relations between the British military establishment and the colonists were not always positive, setting the stage for later distrust and dislike of British troops.", "answer": "George Washington", "sentence": "Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably George Washington ) for battle\u2014which would later benefit the American Revolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "The French and Indian War took on a new significance for the British North American colonists when William Pitt the Elder decided that, in order to win the war against France, major military resources needed to be devoted to North America. For the first time, the continent became one of the main theaters of what could be termed a \"world war\". During the war, the position of the British colonies as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as British military and civilian officials took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans. The war also increased a sense of American unity in other ways. It caused men, who might normally have never left their own colony, to travel across the continent, fighting alongside men from decidedly different, yet still \"American\", backgrounds. <hl> Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably George Washington ) for battle\u2014which would later benefit the American Revolution. <hl> Also, colonial legislatures and officials had to cooperate intensively, for the first time, in pursuit of the continent-wide military effort. The relations between the British military establishment and the colonists were not always positive, setting the stage for later distrust and dislike of British troops.", "paragraph_answer": "The French and Indian War took on a new significance for the British North American colonists when William Pitt the Elder decided that, in order to win the war against France, major military resources needed to be devoted to North America. For the first time, the continent became one of the main theaters of what could be termed a \"world war\". During the war, the position of the British colonies as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as British military and civilian officials took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans. The war also increased a sense of American unity in other ways. It caused men, who might normally have never left their own colony, to travel across the continent, fighting alongside men from decidedly different, yet still \"American\", backgrounds. Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably <hl> George Washington <hl>) for battle\u2014which would later benefit the American Revolution. Also, colonial legislatures and officials had to cooperate intensively, for the first time, in pursuit of the continent-wide military effort. The relations between the British military establishment and the colonists were not always positive, setting the stage for later distrust and dislike of British troops.", "sentence_answer": "Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably <hl> George Washington <hl> ) for battle\u2014which would later benefit the American Revolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d6627d92b22cd4dfcfbda36"}
{"question": "Which elements increase tin's hardness?", "paragraph": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals in general, and there are few elements that have appreciable solid solubility in tin. Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc.", "answer": "copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness.", "sentence": "Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable.", "paragraph_sentence": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. <hl> Alloying elements such as copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. <hl> It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals in general, and there are few elements that have appreciable solid solubility in tin. Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc.", "paragraph_answer": "Commercial grades of tin (99.8%) resist transformation because of the inhibiting effect of the small amounts of bismuth, antimony, lead and silver present as impurities. Alloying elements such as <hl> copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. <hl> Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable. It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals in general, and there are few elements that have appreciable solid solubility in tin. Simple eutectic systems, however, occur with bismuth, gallium, lead, thallium and zinc.", "sentence_answer": "Alloying elements such as <hl> copper, antimony, bismuth, cadmium and silver increase its hardness. <hl> Tin tends rather easily to form hard, brittle intermetallic phases, which are often undesirable.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee112b22cd4dfcfbe595"}
{"question": "What music venues went out of business?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed]  Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music.\nThere are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "answer": "Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger", "sentence": "This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger .", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. <hl> This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger . <hl> Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music. There are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues <hl> Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger <hl>. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music. There are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "sentence_answer": "This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues <hl> Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b9422b22cd4dfcfc0089"}
{"question": "which crises resulted int the 2007-2009 recession?", "paragraph": "The U.S. economy was severely impacted by the subprime mortgage crisis and the resulting 2007-2009 recession. The U.S. unemployment rate rose steadily from 5% in January 2008 to a peak of 10% in October 2009. It has since fallen to 5.0% in December 2015. The number unemployed rose from 7.6 million in January 2008 to a peak of 15.4 million in October 2009. It has since fallen to 7.9 million in December 2015. Monthly job losses began in February 2008 and peaked in January 2009, with over 800,000 jobs lost that month. Employment fell from 138.0 million at peak employment in January 2008 to the trough of 129.2 million in February 2010, a decline of 8.8 million jobs or 6.4% of the workforce.  In 2009, there were six unemployed people, on average, for each available job. Men account for at least 7 of 10 workers who lost jobs, according to Bureau of Labor Statistics data. The youth unemployment rate was 18.5% in July 2009, the highest July rate since 1948. Approximately 34.5% of young African American men were unemployed in October 2009. As of 2009, Detroit's unemployment rate was 27%, but the Detroit News suggests that nearly half of the city's working-age population was unemployed. An estimated 3.8 million Americans lost their jobs in 2009.", "answer": "subprime mortgage crisis", "sentence": "The U.S. economy was severely impacted by the subprime mortgage crisis and the resulting 2007-2009 recession.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The U.S. economy was severely impacted by the subprime mortgage crisis and the resulting 2007-2009 recession. <hl> The U.S. unemployment rate rose steadily from 5% in January 2008 to a peak of 10% in October 2009. It has since fallen to 5.0% in December 2015. The number unemployed rose from 7.6 million in January 2008 to a peak of 15.4 million in October 2009. It has since fallen to 7.9 million in December 2015. Monthly job losses began in February 2008 and peaked in January 2009, with over 800,000 jobs lost that month. Employment fell from 138.0 million at peak employment in January 2008 to the trough of 129.2 million in February 2010, a decline of 8.8 million jobs or 6.4% of the workforce. In 2009, there were six unemployed people, on average, for each available job. Men account for at least 7 of 10 workers who lost jobs, according to Bureau of Labor Statistics data. The youth unemployment rate was 18.5% in July 2009, the highest July rate since 1948. Approximately 34.5% of young African American men were unemployed in October 2009. As of 2009, Detroit's unemployment rate was 27%, but the Detroit News suggests that nearly half of the city's working-age population was unemployed. An estimated 3.8 million Americans lost their jobs in 2009.", "paragraph_answer": "The U.S. economy was severely impacted by the <hl> subprime mortgage crisis <hl> and the resulting 2007-2009 recession. The U.S. unemployment rate rose steadily from 5% in January 2008 to a peak of 10% in October 2009. It has since fallen to 5.0% in December 2015. The number unemployed rose from 7.6 million in January 2008 to a peak of 15.4 million in October 2009. It has since fallen to 7.9 million in December 2015. Monthly job losses began in February 2008 and peaked in January 2009, with over 800,000 jobs lost that month. Employment fell from 138.0 million at peak employment in January 2008 to the trough of 129.2 million in February 2010, a decline of 8.8 million jobs or 6.4% of the workforce. In 2009, there were six unemployed people, on average, for each available job. Men account for at least 7 of 10 workers who lost jobs, according to Bureau of Labor Statistics data. The youth unemployment rate was 18.5% in July 2009, the highest July rate since 1948. Approximately 34.5% of young African American men were unemployed in October 2009. As of 2009, Detroit's unemployment rate was 27%, but the Detroit News suggests that nearly half of the city's working-age population was unemployed. An estimated 3.8 million Americans lost their jobs in 2009.", "sentence_answer": "The U.S. economy was severely impacted by the <hl> subprime mortgage crisis <hl> and the resulting 2007-2009 recession.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c8c22b22cd4dfcfc0210"}
{"question": "What kind of logic studies only one semantics?", "paragraph": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "answer": "first-order logic", "sentence": "Unlike first-order logic , for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Unlike first-order logic , for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. <hl> The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike <hl> first-order logic <hl>, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike <hl> first-order logic <hl> , for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671f22b22cd4dfcfbdf34"}
{"question": "How did the Congressional Budget Office describe the proposed changes?", "paragraph": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013, which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided. The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013, with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs. The fiscal cliff was partially addressed by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.", "answer": "premature and misguided", "sentence": "Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided .", "paragraph_sentence": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013, which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. <hl> Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided . <hl> The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013, with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs. The fiscal cliff was partially addressed by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013, which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was <hl> premature and misguided <hl>. The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013, with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs. The fiscal cliff was partially addressed by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.", "sentence_answer": "Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was <hl> premature and misguided <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670b2f2b22cd4dfcfbebd2"}
{"question": "Windows 1.0 does not allow what?", "paragraph": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity.  Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "answer": "overlapping windows", "sentence": "Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows .", "paragraph_sentence": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. <hl> Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows . <hl> Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow <hl> overlapping windows <hl>. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "sentence_answer": "Windows 1.0 does not allow <hl> overlapping windows <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66eeac2b22cd4dfcfbe5d0"}
{"question": "What family do the Pazmi\u00f1o and Paz y Mi\u00f1o descend from?", "paragraph": "Other surnames which started off as compounds of two or more surnames, but which merged into one single word, also exist. An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \"Paz Mi\u00f1o\" family of five centuries ago.", "answer": "Paz Mi\u00f1o", "sentence": "An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \" Paz Mi\u00f1o \" family of five centuries ago.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other surnames which started off as compounds of two or more surnames, but which merged into one single word, also exist. <hl> An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \" Paz Mi\u00f1o \" family of five centuries ago. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Other surnames which started off as compounds of two or more surnames, but which merged into one single word, also exist. An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \"<hl> Paz Mi\u00f1o <hl>\" family of five centuries ago.", "sentence_answer": "An example would be the surname Pazmi\u00f1o, whose members are related to the Paz y Mi\u00f1o, as both descend from the \" <hl> Paz Mi\u00f1o <hl> \" family of five centuries ago.", "paragraph_id": "5d676fa72b22cd4dfcfbfb94"}
{"question": "These same physics were placed into computer programs in what decade?", "paragraph": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "answer": "the 1970s", "sentence": "The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s .", "paragraph_sentence": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). <hl> The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in <hl> the 1970s <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in <hl> the 1970s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6760fa2b22cd4dfcfbf93c"}
{"question": "What prevents further oxidation with Tin?", "paragraph": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "answer": "protective oxide layer", "sentence": "In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. <hl> In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. <hl> This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. In this case a <hl> protective oxide layer <hl> prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In this case a <hl> protective oxide layer <hl> prevents further oxidation.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef172b22cd4dfcfbe5e3"}
{"question": "What types of nature are the images set in, Linear or Dynamic?", "paragraph": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "answer": "linear", "sentence": "In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. <hl> In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. <hl> In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "paragraph_answer": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly <hl> linear <hl> in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "sentence_answer": "In a simpler form the images are usually mostly <hl> linear <hl> in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface.", "paragraph_id": "5d681f002b22cd4dfcfc05c9"}
{"question": "What types of patients did Salk test his vaccine on?", "paragraph": "In the early 20th century, epidemics of polio began to hit the United States and other industrialized countries. As hospitals filled with patients in iron lungs, and tens of thousands were left disabled, the fear of polio grew, leading to the closing of many public facilities. Meanwhile, Dr. Jonas Salk had set up the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Lab in the basement of what is now Salk Hall. By 1951, Salk and his team had begun immunization experiments in monkeys using dead polio virus. Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. By the spring of the following year, the largest controlled field trials in medical history were underway, and by 1955 the vaccine developed by Salk and his researchers was declared effective. By 1962, Salk's vaccine had reduced the incidence of polio in the United States by 95 percent. The breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "answer": "paralyzed", "sentence": "Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early 20th century, epidemics of polio began to hit the United States and other industrialized countries. As hospitals filled with patients in iron lungs, and tens of thousands were left disabled, the fear of polio grew, leading to the closing of many public facilities. Meanwhile, Dr. Jonas Salk had set up the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Lab in the basement of what is now Salk Hall. By 1951, Salk and his team had begun immunization experiments in monkeys using dead polio virus. <hl> Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in paralyzed polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. <hl> By the spring of the following year, the largest controlled field trials in medical history were underway, and by 1955 the vaccine developed by Salk and his researchers was declared effective. By 1962, Salk's vaccine had reduced the incidence of polio in the United States by 95 percent. The breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "paragraph_answer": "In the early 20th century, epidemics of polio began to hit the United States and other industrialized countries. As hospitals filled with patients in iron lungs, and tens of thousands were left disabled, the fear of polio grew, leading to the closing of many public facilities. Meanwhile, Dr. Jonas Salk had set up the University of Pittsburgh's Virus Research Lab in the basement of what is now Salk Hall. By 1951, Salk and his team had begun immunization experiments in monkeys using dead polio virus. Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in <hl> paralyzed <hl> polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated. By the spring of the following year, the largest controlled field trials in medical history were underway, and by 1955 the vaccine developed by Salk and his researchers was declared effective. By 1962, Salk's vaccine had reduced the incidence of polio in the United States by 95 percent. The breakthroughs in immunology and vaccine development at Pitt by Salk and his team are considered one of the most significant scientific and medical achievements in history.", "sentence_answer": "Soon, however, Salk began to test inoculations in <hl> paralyzed <hl> polio patients and by 1953 human trials among the general population were initiated.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6af2b22cd4dfcfbe802"}
{"question": "What is one of the measures taken to ensure all the votes are submitted.", "paragraph": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "answer": "the doors are locked", "sentence": "At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left).", "paragraph_sentence": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. <hl> At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). <hl> The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "paragraph_answer": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period <hl> the doors are locked <hl> and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "sentence_answer": "At the end of that period <hl> the doors are locked <hl> and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left).", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3f42b22cd4dfcfbd137"}
{"question": "What are carotenoids?", "paragraph": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "answer": "simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A", "sentence": "Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A .", "paragraph_sentence": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. <hl> Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A . <hl> Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "paragraph_answer": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important <hl> simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A <hl>. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "sentence_answer": "Carotenoids are important <hl> simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67512a2b22cd4dfcfbf6b9"}
{"question": "What did the Harlem Renaissance add to the New York skyline?", "paragraph": "The construction of the New York City Subway, which opened in 1904, helped bind the new city together, as did additional bridges to Brooklyn. In the 1920s, Manhattan experienced large arrivals of African-Americans as part of the Great Migration from the southern United States, and the Harlem Renaissance, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era that included new skyscrapers competing for the skyline. New York City became the most populous city in the world in 1925, overtaking London, which had reigned for a century. Manhattan's majority white ethnic group declined from 98.7% in 1900 to 58.3% by 1990.", "answer": "new skyscrapers", "sentence": "In the 1920s, Manhattan experienced large arrivals of African-Americans as part of the Great Migration from the southern United States, and the Harlem Renaissance, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era that included new skyscrapers competing for the skyline.", "paragraph_sentence": "The construction of the New York City Subway, which opened in 1904, helped bind the new city together, as did additional bridges to Brooklyn. <hl> In the 1920s, Manhattan experienced large arrivals of African-Americans as part of the Great Migration from the southern United States, and the Harlem Renaissance, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era that included new skyscrapers competing for the skyline. <hl> New York City became the most populous city in the world in 1925, overtaking London, which had reigned for a century. Manhattan's majority white ethnic group declined from 98.7% in 1900 to 58.3% by 1990.", "paragraph_answer": "The construction of the New York City Subway, which opened in 1904, helped bind the new city together, as did additional bridges to Brooklyn. In the 1920s, Manhattan experienced large arrivals of African-Americans as part of the Great Migration from the southern United States, and the Harlem Renaissance, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era that included <hl> new skyscrapers <hl> competing for the skyline. New York City became the most populous city in the world in 1925, overtaking London, which had reigned for a century. Manhattan's majority white ethnic group declined from 98.7% in 1900 to 58.3% by 1990.", "sentence_answer": "In the 1920s, Manhattan experienced large arrivals of African-Americans as part of the Great Migration from the southern United States, and the Harlem Renaissance, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era that included <hl> new skyscrapers <hl> competing for the skyline.", "paragraph_id": "5d67df062b22cd4dfcfc0355"}
{"question": "What is at the Southern tip of the Andes?", "paragraph": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "answer": "Patagonian orocline.", "sentence": "Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". <hl> Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the <hl> Patagonian orocline. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the <hl> Patagonian orocline. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6598af2b22cd4dfcfbca60"}
{"question": "What is the name of the reporter that was killed in February 2012?", "paragraph": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "answer": "Marie Colvin", "sentence": "The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin , Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "paragraph_sentence": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. <hl> The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin , Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, <hl> Marie Colvin <hl>, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "sentence_answer": "The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, <hl> Marie Colvin <hl> , Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "paragraph_id": "5d672fbe2b22cd4dfcfbf1fe"}
{"question": "In what type of system can agents operate locally?", "paragraph": "Diversity\nNorman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d  Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "answer": "Decentralized", "sentence": "Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d", "paragraph_sentence": "Diversity Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. <hl> Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d <hl> Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Diversity Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. <hl> Decentralized <hl> is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Decentralized <hl> is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d", "paragraph_id": "5d6608eb2b22cd4dfcfbd662"}
{"question": "What type of impact often happens to the environment when jobs are created?", "paragraph": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "answer": "adverse", "sentence": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. <hl> Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "paragraph_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, <hl> adverse <hl> environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "sentence_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, <hl> adverse <hl> environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e3e2b22cd4dfcfbec7c"}
{"question": "How many homes of any sort are there in Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "answer": "852,575", "sentence": "There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2).", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. <hl> There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). <hl> As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were <hl> 852,575 <hl> housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "sentence_answer": "There were <hl> 852,575 <hl> housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2).", "paragraph_id": "5d673bc22b22cd4dfcfbf382"}
{"question": "Studying partial functions helps in what types of math?", "paragraph": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations.  For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line.  The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "answer": "recursion theory and functional analysis", "sentence": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis , it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis , it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations. <hl> For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "paragraph_answer": "In some parts of mathematics, including <hl> recursion theory and functional analysis <hl>, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations. For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "sentence_answer": "In some parts of mathematics, including <hl> recursion theory and functional analysis <hl> , it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations.", "paragraph_id": "5d66c5a42b22cd4dfcfbe4a1"}
{"question": "Who was the head of the survey done on the Sierra?", "paragraph": "The Gold Rush populated the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, but even by 1860 most of the Sierra was unexplored. The state legislature authorized the California Geological Survey to officially explore the Sierra (and survey the rest of the state). Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey. Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King, explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. In 1864 they explored the area around Kings Canyon.  In 1869, John Muir started his wanderings in the Sierra Nevada range, and in 1871 King was the first to climb Mount Langley and that year fishermen were the first to climb Mount Whitney.  From 1892\u20137 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "answer": "Josiah Whitney", "sentence": "Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Gold Rush populated the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, but even by 1860 most of the Sierra was unexplored. The state legislature authorized the California Geological Survey to officially explore the Sierra (and survey the rest of the state). <hl> Josiah Whitney was appointed to head the survey. <hl> Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King, explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. In 1864 they explored the area around Kings Canyon. In 1869, John Muir started his wanderings in the Sierra Nevada range, and in 1871 King was the first to climb Mount Langley and that year fishermen were the first to climb Mount Whitney. From 1892\u20137 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "paragraph_answer": "The Gold Rush populated the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, but even by 1860 most of the Sierra was unexplored. The state legislature authorized the California Geological Survey to officially explore the Sierra (and survey the rest of the state). <hl> Josiah Whitney <hl> was appointed to head the survey. Men of the survey, including William H. Brewer, Charles F. Hoffmann and Clarence King, explored the backcountry of what would become Yosemite National Park in 1863. In 1864 they explored the area around Kings Canyon. In 1869, John Muir started his wanderings in the Sierra Nevada range, and in 1871 King was the first to climb Mount Langley and that year fishermen were the first to climb Mount Whitney. From 1892\u20137 Theodore Solomons made the first attempt to map a route along the crest of the Sierra.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Josiah Whitney <hl> was appointed to head the survey.", "paragraph_id": "5d67749a2b22cd4dfcfbfc82"}
{"question": "What religious revival movement took place in the colonies starting in the 1730s?", "paragraph": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"New Lights\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "answer": "The Great Awakening", "sentence": "The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Great Awakening was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. <hl> The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"New Lights\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Great Awakening <hl> was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots and to reawaken the \"Fear of God.\" English preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the \"New Lights\", as contrasted with the \"Old Lights\", who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Great Awakening <hl> was a major religious revival movement that took place in most colonies in the 1730s and 1740s.", "paragraph_id": "5d667ed82b22cd4dfcfbe0b2"}
{"question": "Where was the floating molten glass held while producing the window glass?", "paragraph": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "answer": "on top of molten tin", "sentence": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. <hl> This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "paragraph_answer": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass <hl> on top of molten tin <hl> (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "sentence_answer": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass <hl> on top of molten tin <hl> (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c0dc2b22cd4dfcfc0167"}
{"question": "What year was the Northwest Territory formed?", "paragraph": "The Northwest Ordinance grants territories the right to send a non-voting delegate to the U.S. Congress. Since the organization of the Northwest Territory in 1789, all areas not admitted to the United States as States were under the direct control of Congress as organized incorporated territories, with some political autonomy at the local level. These organized incorporated territories subsequently became states. Thirty-one of the current 50 states were organized incorporated territories before their admission to the Union. Since the admission of Hawaii to the Union in 1959, there has been a single incorporated territory, the uninhabited Palmyra Atoll (formerly part of the Hawaii Territory, but excluded from the act of admission).", "answer": "1789", "sentence": "Since the organization of the Northwest Territory in 1789 , all areas not admitted to the United States as States were under the direct control of Congress as organized incorporated territories, with some political autonomy at the local level.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Northwest Ordinance grants territories the right to send a non-voting delegate to the U.S. Congress. <hl> Since the organization of the Northwest Territory in 1789 , all areas not admitted to the United States as States were under the direct control of Congress as organized incorporated territories, with some political autonomy at the local level. <hl> These organized incorporated territories subsequently became states. Thirty-one of the current 50 states were organized incorporated territories before their admission to the Union. Since the admission of Hawaii to the Union in 1959, there has been a single incorporated territory, the uninhabited Palmyra Atoll (formerly part of the Hawaii Territory, but excluded from the act of admission).", "paragraph_answer": "The Northwest Ordinance grants territories the right to send a non-voting delegate to the U.S. Congress. Since the organization of the Northwest Territory in <hl> 1789 <hl>, all areas not admitted to the United States as States were under the direct control of Congress as organized incorporated territories, with some political autonomy at the local level. These organized incorporated territories subsequently became states. Thirty-one of the current 50 states were organized incorporated territories before their admission to the Union. Since the admission of Hawaii to the Union in 1959, there has been a single incorporated territory, the uninhabited Palmyra Atoll (formerly part of the Hawaii Territory, but excluded from the act of admission).", "sentence_answer": "Since the organization of the Northwest Territory in <hl> 1789 <hl> , all areas not admitted to the United States as States were under the direct control of Congress as organized incorporated territories, with some political autonomy at the local level.", "paragraph_id": "5d676e562b22cd4dfcfbfb5c"}
{"question": "How many forwards are typically on a given hockey team?", "paragraph": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "answer": "three", "sentence": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. <hl> The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "paragraph_answer": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into <hl> three <hl> forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "sentence_answer": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into <hl> three <hl> forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671502b22cd4dfcfbdf19"}
{"question": "What period are afternoon thunderstorms especially common?", "paragraph": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California.  During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "answer": "North American Monsoon", "sentence": "Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon .", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. <hl> Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon . <hl> Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "paragraph_answer": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the <hl> North American Monsoon <hl>. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "sentence_answer": "Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the <hl> North American Monsoon <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4522b22cd4dfcfbe762"}
{"question": "What did Russia name their first Alaskan expedition?", "paragraph": "Russia explored the area that became Alaska starting with the Second Kamchatka expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s. Their first settlement was founded in 1784 by Grigory Shelikhov. The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters. In 1867 the U.S. purchased Alaska and nearly all Russians abandoned the area except a few missionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church working among the natives.", "answer": "Second Kamchatka", "sentence": "Russia explored the area that became Alaska starting with the Second Kamchatka expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Russia explored the area that became Alaska starting with the Second Kamchatka expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s. <hl> Their first settlement was founded in 1784 by Grigory Shelikhov. The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters. In 1867 the U.S. purchased Alaska and nearly all Russians abandoned the area except a few missionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church working among the natives.", "paragraph_answer": "Russia explored the area that became Alaska starting with the <hl> Second Kamchatka <hl> expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s. Their first settlement was founded in 1784 by Grigory Shelikhov. The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters. In 1867 the U.S. purchased Alaska and nearly all Russians abandoned the area except a few missionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church working among the natives.", "sentence_answer": "Russia explored the area that became Alaska starting with the <hl> Second Kamchatka <hl> expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6b92b22cd4dfcfbd1e8"}
{"question": "What mosque illustrates the growing European influence on Ottoman architecture?", "paragraph": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque),  and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "answer": "Nuruosmaniye Mosque", "sentence": "An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque .", "paragraph_sentence": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. <hl> An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque . <hl> Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "paragraph_answer": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. An example of which is the imperial <hl> Nuruosmaniye Mosque <hl>. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "sentence_answer": "An example of which is the imperial <hl> Nuruosmaniye Mosque <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66b6ae2b22cd4dfcfbe444"}
{"question": "In what year was the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada organized?", "paragraph": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\" The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender.  In 1886, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "answer": "1886", "sentence": " In 1886 , the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "paragraph_sentence": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\" The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender. <hl> In 1886 , the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The number of teams grew, enough to hold the first \"world championship\" of ice hockey at Montreal's annual Winter Carnival in 1883. The McGill team won the tournament and was awarded the \"Carnival Cup.\" The game was divided into thirty-minute halves. The positions were now named: left and right wing, centre, rover, point and cover-point, and goaltender. In <hl> 1886 <hl>, the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "sentence_answer": " In <hl> 1886 <hl> , the teams competing at the Winter Carnival organized the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada (AHAC), and played a season comprising \"challenges\" to the existing champion.", "paragraph_id": "5d6662892b22cd4dfcfbdd38"}
{"question": "What age group is more likely to be homeless?", "paragraph": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's 5th Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress  estimated that 1.56 million people, or one in every 200 Americans, experienced homelessness and found shelter between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009 (p. iii). On a single night in January 2009, 643,000 people were homeless. Nearly two-thirds stayed in an emergency shelter or transitional housing program and the other third were living on the street, in an abandoned building, or another place not meant for human habitation (p. 19). A typical sheltered homeless person is a single, middle-aged man and a member of a minority group. Of all those who sought emergency shelter or transitional housing during 2009, the following characteristics were observed:", "answer": "middle-aged", "sentence": "A typical sheltered homeless person is a single, middle-aged man and a member of a minority group.", "paragraph_sentence": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's 5th Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress estimated that 1.56 million people, or one in every 200 Americans, experienced homelessness and found shelter between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009 (p. iii). On a single night in January 2009, 643,000 people were homeless. Nearly two-thirds stayed in an emergency shelter or transitional housing program and the other third were living on the street, in an abandoned building, or another place not meant for human habitation (p. 19). <hl> A typical sheltered homeless person is a single, middle-aged man and a member of a minority group. <hl> Of all those who sought emergency shelter or transitional housing during 2009, the following characteristics were observed:", "paragraph_answer": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's 5th Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress estimated that 1.56 million people, or one in every 200 Americans, experienced homelessness and found shelter between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009 (p. iii). On a single night in January 2009, 643,000 people were homeless. Nearly two-thirds stayed in an emergency shelter or transitional housing program and the other third were living on the street, in an abandoned building, or another place not meant for human habitation (p. 19). A typical sheltered homeless person is a single, <hl> middle-aged <hl> man and a member of a minority group. Of all those who sought emergency shelter or transitional housing during 2009, the following characteristics were observed:", "sentence_answer": "A typical sheltered homeless person is a single, <hl> middle-aged <hl> man and a member of a minority group.", "paragraph_id": "5d66150a2b22cd4dfcfbd7f8"}
{"question": "When is private creation of standards a good idea?", "paragraph": "Some argue that government standardisation in areas from  commodity market,  inspection and testing procurement bidding, Building codes, professional and vocational education, trade certification, safety, etc. are necessary.[citation needed]  Emmanuelle Auriol and Michel Benaim write about the \"comparative\nbenefits\" of decentralization versus government regulation in the setting of standards. They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "answer": "if public safety is at stake", "sentence": "They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake , private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Some argue that government standardisation in areas from commodity market, inspection and testing procurement bidding, Building codes, professional and vocational education, trade certification, safety, etc. are necessary.[citation needed] Emmanuelle Auriol and Michel Benaim write about the \"comparative benefits\" of decentralization versus government regulation in the setting of standards. <hl> They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake , private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" <hl> As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "paragraph_answer": "Some argue that government standardisation in areas from commodity market, inspection and testing procurement bidding, Building codes, professional and vocational education, trade certification, safety, etc. are necessary.[citation needed] Emmanuelle Auriol and Michel Benaim write about the \"comparative benefits\" of decentralization versus government regulation in the setting of standards. They find that while there may be a need for public regulation <hl> if public safety is at stake <hl>, private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "sentence_answer": "They find that while there may be a need for public regulation <hl> if public safety is at stake <hl> , private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65c56e2b22cd4dfcfbcc81"}
{"question": "What is the length of time for the vocational program to help the homesless.", "paragraph": "The news article and video entitled, \"SF library offers Social Services to Homeless,\" speaks about the step of the San Francisco library having a full time social worker at the library to reduce and help homeless patrons. It mentions that Leah Esguerra, who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. She offers help in different forms that could range from linking patrons with services or providing them with mental health counseling. She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). The changes have garnered positive results from all patrons. Since this service started, staff at the library stated that they have noticed a drop in inappropriate behavior.", "answer": "12-week", "sentence": "She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010).", "paragraph_sentence": "The news article and video entitled, \"SF library offers Social Services to Homeless,\" speaks about the step of the San Francisco library having a full time social worker at the library to reduce and help homeless patrons. It mentions that Leah Esguerra, who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. She offers help in different forms that could range from linking patrons with services or providing them with mental health counseling. <hl> She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). <hl> The changes have garnered positive results from all patrons. Since this service started, staff at the library stated that they have noticed a drop in inappropriate behavior.", "paragraph_answer": "The news article and video entitled, \"SF library offers Social Services to Homeless,\" speaks about the step of the San Francisco library having a full time social worker at the library to reduce and help homeless patrons. It mentions that Leah Esguerra, who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. She offers help in different forms that could range from linking patrons with services or providing them with mental health counseling. She also supervises a <hl> 12-week <hl> vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). The changes have garnered positive results from all patrons. Since this service started, staff at the library stated that they have noticed a drop in inappropriate behavior.", "sentence_answer": "She also supervises a <hl> 12-week <hl> vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010).", "paragraph_id": "5d65efd52b22cd4dfcfbd32a"}
{"question": "Windows NT 4.0 came out in what year?", "paragraph": "The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. Windows NT 3.5 was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell's NetWare, and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000, a successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand.", "answer": "1996", "sentence": "Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996 , introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. Windows NT 3.5 was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell's NetWare, and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. <hl> Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996 , introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. <hl> On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000, a successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand.", "paragraph_answer": "The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. Windows NT 3.5 was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell's NetWare, and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. Windows NT 4.0 was released in June <hl> 1996 <hl>, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000, a successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand.", "sentence_answer": "Windows NT 4.0 was released in June <hl> 1996 <hl> , introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series.", "paragraph_id": "5d67115a2b22cd4dfcfbed4b"}
{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedaf"}
{"question": "What is a problem with studies that are a basis for domain-specific diagnoses in neuropsychiatry?", "paragraph": "Most studies in neurology have too few test subjects to be scientifically sure. Those insufficient size studies are the basis for all domain-specific diagnoses in neuropsychiatry, since the few large enough studies there are always find individuals with the brain changes thought to be associated with a mental condition but without any of the symptoms. The only diagnoses that can be validated through large enough brain studies are those on serious brain damages and neurodegenerative diseases that destroy most of the brain.", "answer": "insufficient size studies", "sentence": "Those insufficient size studies are the basis for all domain-specific diagnoses in neuropsychiatry, since the few large enough studies there are always find individuals with the brain changes thought to be associated with a mental condition but without any of the symptoms.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most studies in neurology have too few test subjects to be scientifically sure. <hl> Those insufficient size studies are the basis for all domain-specific diagnoses in neuropsychiatry, since the few large enough studies there are always find individuals with the brain changes thought to be associated with a mental condition but without any of the symptoms. <hl> The only diagnoses that can be validated through large enough brain studies are those on serious brain damages and neurodegenerative diseases that destroy most of the brain.", "paragraph_answer": "Most studies in neurology have too few test subjects to be scientifically sure. Those <hl> insufficient size studies <hl> are the basis for all domain-specific diagnoses in neuropsychiatry, since the few large enough studies there are always find individuals with the brain changes thought to be associated with a mental condition but without any of the symptoms. The only diagnoses that can be validated through large enough brain studies are those on serious brain damages and neurodegenerative diseases that destroy most of the brain.", "sentence_answer": "Those <hl> insufficient size studies <hl> are the basis for all domain-specific diagnoses in neuropsychiatry, since the few large enough studies there are always find individuals with the brain changes thought to be associated with a mental condition but without any of the symptoms.", "paragraph_id": "5d672af22b22cd4dfcfbf175"}
{"question": "What was the name of the Yugoslav Partisans operation that rescued over 100 Allied prisoners from the Germans in August 1944 called?", "paragraph": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "answer": "Raid at O\u017ebalt", "sentence": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt . <hl> In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "paragraph_answer": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the <hl> Raid at O\u017ebalt <hl>. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "sentence_answer": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the <hl> Raid at O\u017ebalt <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67bc0e2b22cd4dfcfc00f1"}
{"question": "What is the result of replacing all free instances of X by t in Q ?", "paragraph": "For example, one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution. If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6. The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process. (If some free variable of t becomes bound, then to substitute t for x it is first necessary to change the bound variables of \u03c6 to differ from the free variables of t.)", "answer": "then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t])", "sentence": "If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6.", "paragraph_sentence": "For example, one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution. <hl> If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6. <hl> The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process. (If some free variable of t becomes bound, then to substitute t for x it is first necessary to change the bound variables of \u03c6 to differ from the free variables of t.)", "paragraph_answer": "For example, one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution. If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, <hl> then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) <hl> is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6. The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process. (If some free variable of t becomes bound, then to substitute t for x it is first necessary to change the bound variables of \u03c6 to differ from the free variables of t.)", "sentence_answer": "If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, <hl> then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) <hl> is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6.", "paragraph_id": "5d66021a2b22cd4dfcfbd579"}
{"question": "What is the reason for different names for a subroutine?", "paragraph": "In computer programming, a subroutine is a sequence of program instructions that perform a specific task, packaged as a unit.  This unit can then be used in programs wherever that particular task should be performed.  Subprograms may be defined within programs, or separately in libraries that can be used by multiple programs.  In different programming languages, a subroutine may be called a procedure, a function, a routine, a method, or a subprogram.  The generic term  callable unit is sometimes used.", "answer": "different programming languages", "sentence": " In different programming languages , a subroutine may be called a procedure, a function, a routine, a method, or a subprogram.", "paragraph_sentence": "In computer programming, a subroutine is a sequence of program instructions that perform a specific task, packaged as a unit. This unit can then be used in programs wherever that particular task should be performed. Subprograms may be defined within programs, or separately in libraries that can be used by multiple programs. <hl> In different programming languages , a subroutine may be called a procedure, a function, a routine, a method, or a subprogram. <hl> The generic term callable unit is sometimes used.", "paragraph_answer": "In computer programming, a subroutine is a sequence of program instructions that perform a specific task, packaged as a unit. This unit can then be used in programs wherever that particular task should be performed. Subprograms may be defined within programs, or separately in libraries that can be used by multiple programs. In <hl> different programming languages <hl>, a subroutine may be called a procedure, a function, a routine, a method, or a subprogram. The generic term callable unit is sometimes used.", "sentence_answer": " In <hl> different programming languages <hl> , a subroutine may be called a procedure, a function, a routine, a method, or a subprogram.", "paragraph_id": "5d671bec2b22cd4dfcfbef84"}
{"question": "What was not outlawed in all states until 1993?", "paragraph": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. However, the changing of social attitudes towards women is usually considered the greatest success of the women's movement.  In January 2013, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the longtime ban on women serving in US military combat roles had been lifted. The US Department of Defense plans to integrate women into all combat positions by 2016.", "answer": "marital rape", "sentence": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. <hl> However, the changing of social attitudes towards women is usually considered the greatest success of the women's movement. In January 2013, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the longtime ban on women serving in US military combat roles had been lifted. The US Department of Defense plans to integrate women into all combat positions by 2016.", "paragraph_answer": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of <hl> marital rape <hl> (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. However, the changing of social attitudes towards women is usually considered the greatest success of the women's movement. In January 2013, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the longtime ban on women serving in US military combat roles had been lifted. The US Department of Defense plans to integrate women into all combat positions by 2016.", "sentence_answer": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of <hl> marital rape <hl> (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973.", "paragraph_id": "5d677b382b22cd4dfcfbfd12"}
{"question": "How many stars are on the American flag", "paragraph": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It  consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "answer": "fifty small, white, five-pointed stars", "sentence": "It  consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. <hl> It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. <hl> The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "paragraph_answer": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing <hl> fifty small, white, five-pointed stars <hl> arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "sentence_answer": "It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing <hl> fifty small, white, five-pointed stars <hl> arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dbbe2b22cd4dfcfbcf4a"}
{"question": "What major technological advantage did Europe have over Africa?", "paragraph": "Historian Walter Rodney has argued that at the start of the slave trade in the 16th century, although there was a technological gap between Europe and Africa, it was not very substantial. Both continents were using Iron Age technology. The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building. During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams, he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. He cited examples such as the invention of the steam engine by James Watt, which was funded by plantation owners from the Caribbean.", "answer": "ship building", "sentence": "The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building .", "paragraph_sentence": "Historian Walter Rodney has argued that at the start of the slave trade in the 16th century, although there was a technological gap between Europe and Africa, it was not very substantial. Both continents were using Iron Age technology. <hl> The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building . <hl> During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams, he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. He cited examples such as the invention of the steam engine by James Watt, which was funded by plantation owners from the Caribbean.", "paragraph_answer": "Historian Walter Rodney has argued that at the start of the slave trade in the 16th century, although there was a technological gap between Europe and Africa, it was not very substantial. Both continents were using Iron Age technology. The major advantage that Europe had was in <hl> ship building <hl>. During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams, he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. He cited examples such as the invention of the steam engine by James Watt, which was funded by plantation owners from the Caribbean.", "sentence_answer": "The major advantage that Europe had was in <hl> ship building <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6669602b22cd4dfcfbde3a"}
{"question": "Which state borders Connecticut's eastern side?", "paragraph": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "answer": "Rhode Island", "sentence": "It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. <hl> It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. <hl> Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. It is bordered by <hl> Rhode Island <hl> to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "sentence_answer": "It is bordered by <hl> Rhode Island <hl> to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd092b22cd4dfcfbcfac"}
{"question": "In a saccharolipid what substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids?", "paragraph": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone, forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. The most familiar saccharolipids are the acylated glucosamine precursors of the Lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria. Typical lipid A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains. The minimal lipopolysaccharide required for growth in E. coli is Kdo2-Lipid A, a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is glycosylated with two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues.", "answer": "a monosaccharide", "sentence": "In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids.", "paragraph_sentence": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone, forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. <hl> In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. <hl> The most familiar saccharolipids are the acylated glucosamine precursors of the Lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria. Typical lipid A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains. The minimal lipopolysaccharide required for growth in E. coli is Kdo2-Lipid A, a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is glycosylated with two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues.", "paragraph_answer": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone, forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. In the saccharolipids, <hl> a monosaccharide <hl> substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. The most familiar saccharolipids are the acylated glucosamine precursors of the Lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria. Typical lipid A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains. The minimal lipopolysaccharide required for growth in E. coli is Kdo2-Lipid A, a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is glycosylated with two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues.", "sentence_answer": "In the saccharolipids, <hl> a monosaccharide <hl> substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids.", "paragraph_id": "5d67436e2b22cd4dfcfbf454"}
{"question": "Which continent did the Puritans want to set example for?", "paragraph": "The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. They hoped this new land would serve as a \"redeemer nation\". They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe. Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony, which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "answer": "Europe", "sentence": "They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. They hoped this new land would serve as a \"redeemer nation\". <hl> They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe . <hl> Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony, which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "paragraph_answer": "The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. They hoped this new land would serve as a \"redeemer nation\". They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of <hl> Europe <hl>. Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony, which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "sentence_answer": "They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of <hl> Europe <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d662fb42b22cd4dfcfbdab9"}
{"question": "The campus is adjacent to portions of what other learning facility near the Carnegie Music Hall?", "paragraph": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood. The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University. Carlow University is just west of campus, adjacent to the University's medical center complexes. The main quad of Carnegie Mellon University, Central Catholic High School, and historic Schenley Park, site of the Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, lie across Junction Hollow on the east end.", "answer": "Carnegie Mellon University", "sentence": "The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University .", "paragraph_sentence": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood. <hl> The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University . <hl> Carlow University is just west of campus, adjacent to the University's medical center complexes. The main quad of Carnegie Mellon University, Central Catholic High School, and historic Schenley Park, site of the Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, lie across Junction Hollow on the east end.", "paragraph_answer": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood. The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of <hl> Carnegie Mellon University <hl>. Carlow University is just west of campus, adjacent to the University's medical center complexes. The main quad of Carnegie Mellon University, Central Catholic High School, and historic Schenley Park, site of the Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, lie across Junction Hollow on the east end.", "sentence_answer": "The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of <hl> Carnegie Mellon University <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d68358d2b22cd4dfcfc0678"}
{"question": "What ideology influenced the Republican party position on same-sex marriage?", "paragraph": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "answer": "the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics", "sentence": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. <hl> Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_answer": "Owing largely to <hl> the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics <hl> in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "sentence_answer": "Owing largely to <hl> the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics <hl> in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d674cd32b22cd4dfcfbf59b"}
{"question": "In which year did the region south of the Great lakes formally become part of the United States?", "paragraph": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "answer": "1783", "sentence": "At the end of the War for Independence in 1783 , the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. <hl> At the end of the War for Independence in 1783 , the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. At the end of the War for Independence in <hl> 1783 <hl>, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "sentence_answer": "At the end of the War for Independence in <hl> 1783 <hl> , the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3222b22cd4dfcfbd11c"}
{"question": "What was the outcome of the election?", "paragraph": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election.  However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "answer": "3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer", "sentence": "On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer .", "paragraph_sentence": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election. However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. <hl> On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election. However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned <hl> 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned <hl> 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ef8d2b22cd4dfcfbd318"}
{"question": "Which numbers were used in \"the horn\"?", "paragraph": "Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps, a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine. This learning tool was known appropriately as \"the horn\". Modern reproductions are decorated with such motifs as hearts and tulips.", "answer": "one to nine", "sentence": "Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps, a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps, a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine . <hl> This learning tool was known appropriately as \"the horn\". Modern reproductions are decorated with such motifs as hearts and tulips.", "paragraph_answer": "Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps, a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from <hl> one to nine <hl>. This learning tool was known appropriately as \"the horn\". Modern reproductions are decorated with such motifs as hearts and tulips.", "sentence_answer": "Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps, a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from <hl> one to nine <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67bfd42b22cd4dfcfc014c"}
{"question": "What might have been a reason for the Samis not seeing any transformation of their names?", "paragraph": "When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners, so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies. Surnames have been imposed by the dominant authorities:[citation needed] evangelists, then administrations. Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name. For example: some Sire became Siri, H\u00e6tta J\u00e1hko\u0161 \u00c1sslat became Aslak Jacobsen H\u00e6tta \u2014 as was the norm. Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname.", "answer": "Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies", "sentence": "Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies .", "paragraph_sentence": "When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners, so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. <hl> Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies . <hl> Surnames have been imposed by the dominant authorities:[citation needed] evangelists, then administrations. Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name. For example: some Sire became Siri, H\u00e6tta J\u00e1hko\u0161 \u00c1sslat became Aslak Jacobsen H\u00e6tta \u2014 as was the norm. Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname.", "paragraph_answer": "When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners, so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other <hl> Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies <hl>. Surnames have been imposed by the dominant authorities:[citation needed] evangelists, then administrations. Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name. For example: some Sire became Siri, H\u00e6tta J\u00e1hko\u0161 \u00c1sslat became Aslak Jacobsen H\u00e6tta \u2014 as was the norm. Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname.", "sentence_answer": "Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other <hl> Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6cf2b22cd4dfcfbff0b"}
{"question": "On what date was New York declared first capital?", "paragraph": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "answer": "March 4, 1789", "sentence": "New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789 , to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall.", "paragraph_sentence": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). <hl> New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789 , to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. <hl> Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "paragraph_answer": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from <hl> March 4, 1789 <hl>, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "sentence_answer": "New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from <hl> March 4, 1789 <hl> , to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702602b22cd4dfcfbea30"}
{"question": "What organization creates the Annual Homeless Assessment Report?", "paragraph": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered. It standardized the data collection processes and created more opportunities for government officials and service providers to remedy the problem of homelessness in the United States.", "answer": "US Department of Housing and Urban Development", "sentence": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. <hl> Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered. It standardized the data collection processes and created more opportunities for government officials and service providers to remedy the problem of homelessness in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the <hl> US Department of Housing and Urban Development <hl> (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered. It standardized the data collection processes and created more opportunities for government officials and service providers to remedy the problem of homelessness in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the <hl> US Department of Housing and Urban Development <hl> (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d6002b22cd4dfcfbce83"}
{"question": "How many Pitt alumni have been awarded Nobel Prizes?", "paragraph": "Three Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Paul Lauterbur '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement. Other alumni have also been pioneers in their respective fields, including John Wistar Simpson '41, a pioneer in nuclear energy, and Vladimir Zworykin '26, who has been regarded as the \"father of television\". National Medal of Science winners include Bert W. O'Malley '59 & '63, a pioneer in steroid hormones, and Herbert Boyer '63, Genentech founder and biotech pioneer; while Leonard Baker '52 and Michael Chabon '84 have won the Pulitzer Prize. Other notable people include Ken Wahlster, founder and CEO of BikeBandit.", "answer": "Three", "sentence": "Three Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Paul Lauterbur '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Three Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Paul Lauterbur '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement. <hl> Other alumni have also been pioneers in their respective fields, including John Wistar Simpson '41, a pioneer in nuclear energy, and Vladimir Zworykin '26, who has been regarded as the \"father of television\". National Medal of Science winners include Bert W. O'Malley '59 & '63, a pioneer in steroid hormones, and Herbert Boyer '63, Genentech founder and biotech pioneer; while Leonard Baker '52 and Michael Chabon '84 have won the Pulitzer Prize. Other notable people include Ken Wahlster, founder and CEO of BikeBandit.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Three <hl> Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Paul Lauterbur '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement. Other alumni have also been pioneers in their respective fields, including John Wistar Simpson '41, a pioneer in nuclear energy, and Vladimir Zworykin '26, who has been regarded as the \"father of television\". National Medal of Science winners include Bert W. O'Malley '59 & '63, a pioneer in steroid hormones, and Herbert Boyer '63, Genentech founder and biotech pioneer; while Leonard Baker '52 and Michael Chabon '84 have won the Pulitzer Prize. Other notable people include Ken Wahlster, founder and CEO of BikeBandit.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Three <hl> Pitt alumni have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Paul Lauterbur '62 for his work in magnetic resonance imaging, Philip Hench '20 for discovery of the hormone cortisone, and Wangari Maathai '66 for founding the Green Belt Movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8c12b22cd4dfcfbe898"}
{"question": "What did Greece undergo in WWII?", "paragraph": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "answer": "Slovenia", "sentence": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. <hl> As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Slovenia <hl> was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Slovenia <hl> was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary.", "paragraph_id": "5d6794422b22cd4dfcfbfe80"}
{"question": "How fast was the line upgraded to?", "paragraph": "The present railway station opened in 1852. Oxford is the junction for a short branch line to Bicester, which was upgraded to 100 mph (161 km/h) during an 18-month closure in 2014/2015 - and is anticipated to be extended to form the East West Rail Link. Chiltern Railways now connects Oxford to London Marylebone, having sponsored the building of about 400 metres of new track between Bicester Town and the Chiltern Main Line southwards in 2014. The route serves High Wycombe and London Marylebone, avoiding London Paddington and Didcot Parkway. The East West Rail Link is proposed to continue through Milton Keynes, Bedford, Cambridge, and ultimately Ipswich and Norwich, thus providing alternative to connecting within London. The Varsity Line between Oxford and Cambridge is planned to link Bedford with a short gap to be reconstructed to Sandy then a rail link between the two cities will be restored via Hitchin.", "answer": "100 mph (161 km/h)", "sentence": "Oxford is the junction for a short branch line to Bicester, which was upgraded to 100 mph (161 km/h) during an 18-month closure in 2014/2015 - and is anticipated to be extended to form the East West Rail Link.", "paragraph_sentence": "The present railway station opened in 1852. <hl> Oxford is the junction for a short branch line to Bicester, which was upgraded to 100 mph (161 km/h) during an 18-month closure in 2014/2015 - and is anticipated to be extended to form the East West Rail Link. <hl> Chiltern Railways now connects Oxford to London Marylebone, having sponsored the building of about 400 metres of new track between Bicester Town and the Chiltern Main Line southwards in 2014. The route serves High Wycombe and London Marylebone, avoiding London Paddington and Didcot Parkway. The East West Rail Link is proposed to continue through Milton Keynes, Bedford, Cambridge, and ultimately Ipswich and Norwich, thus providing alternative to connecting within London. The Varsity Line between Oxford and Cambridge is planned to link Bedford with a short gap to be reconstructed to Sandy then a rail link between the two cities will be restored via Hitchin.", "paragraph_answer": "The present railway station opened in 1852. Oxford is the junction for a short branch line to Bicester, which was upgraded to <hl> 100 mph (161 km/h) <hl> during an 18-month closure in 2014/2015 - and is anticipated to be extended to form the East West Rail Link. Chiltern Railways now connects Oxford to London Marylebone, having sponsored the building of about 400 metres of new track between Bicester Town and the Chiltern Main Line southwards in 2014. The route serves High Wycombe and London Marylebone, avoiding London Paddington and Didcot Parkway. The East West Rail Link is proposed to continue through Milton Keynes, Bedford, Cambridge, and ultimately Ipswich and Norwich, thus providing alternative to connecting within London. The Varsity Line between Oxford and Cambridge is planned to link Bedford with a short gap to be reconstructed to Sandy then a rail link between the two cities will be restored via Hitchin.", "sentence_answer": "Oxford is the junction for a short branch line to Bicester, which was upgraded to <hl> 100 mph (161 km/h) <hl> during an 18-month closure in 2014/2015 - and is anticipated to be extended to form the East West Rail Link.", "paragraph_id": "5d67393b2b22cd4dfcfbf2ee"}
{"question": "How have historians described the history of governments?", "paragraph": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization. In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d He also noted that this contrasted with the decentralization of Ancient Greece. Since the 1980s a number of scholars have written about cycles of centralization and decentralizations. Stephen K. Sanderson wrote that over the last 4000 years chiefdoms and actual states have gone through sequences of centralization and decentralization of economic, political and social power. Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on \u201csince the Stone Age\u201d through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today\u2019s \u201chegemonic core states\u201d. Christopher K. Chase-Dunn and Thomas D. Hall review other works that detail these cycles, including works which analyze the concept of core elites which compete with state accumulation of wealth and how their \"intra-ruling-class competition accounts for the rise and fall of states\" and of their phases of centralization and decentralization.", "answer": "in terms of centralization and decentralization", "sentence": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization . <hl> In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d He also noted that this contrasted with the decentralization of Ancient Greece. Since the 1980s a number of scholars have written about cycles of centralization and decentralizations. Stephen K. Sanderson wrote that over the last 4000 years chiefdoms and actual states have gone through sequences of centralization and decentralization of economic, political and social power. Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on \u201csince the Stone Age\u201d through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today\u2019s \u201chegemonic core states\u201d. Christopher K. Chase-Dunn and Thomas D. Hall review other works that detail these cycles, including works which analyze the concept of core elites which compete with state accumulation of wealth and how their \"intra-ruling-class competition accounts for the rise and fall of states\" and of their phases of centralization and decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires <hl> in terms of centralization and decentralization <hl>. In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d He also noted that this contrasted with the decentralization of Ancient Greece. Since the 1980s a number of scholars have written about cycles of centralization and decentralizations. Stephen K. Sanderson wrote that over the last 4000 years chiefdoms and actual states have gone through sequences of centralization and decentralization of economic, political and social power. Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on \u201csince the Stone Age\u201d through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today\u2019s \u201chegemonic core states\u201d. Christopher K. Chase-Dunn and Thomas D. Hall review other works that detail these cycles, including works which analyze the concept of core elites which compete with state accumulation of wealth and how their \"intra-ruling-class competition accounts for the rise and fall of states\" and of their phases of centralization and decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires <hl> in terms of centralization and decentralization <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660b092b22cd4dfcfbd6b4"}
{"question": "What is the name of a worldwide academic competition for young students in neuroscience knowledge?", "paragraph": "In addition to conducting traditional research in laboratory settings, neuroscientists have also been involved in the promotion of awareness and knowledge about the nervous system among the general public and government officials. Such promotions have been done by both individual neuroscientists and large organizations. For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee, which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University.", "answer": "International Brain Bee", "sentence": "For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee , which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide.", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to conducting traditional research in laboratory settings, neuroscientists have also been involved in the promotion of awareness and knowledge about the nervous system among the general public and government officials. Such promotions have been done by both individual neuroscientists and large organizations. <hl> For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee , which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. <hl> In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University.", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to conducting traditional research in laboratory settings, neuroscientists have also been involved in the promotion of awareness and knowledge about the nervous system among the general public and government officials. Such promotions have been done by both individual neuroscientists and large organizations. For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the <hl> International Brain Bee <hl>, which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University.", "sentence_answer": "For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the <hl> International Brain Bee <hl> , which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide.", "paragraph_id": "5d6731e22b22cd4dfcfbf23d"}
{"question": "What was the purpose of the more recent argument as described by Hardt and Negri?", "paragraph": "Nevertheless, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that it was neither a matter of strictly economics nor of morals. First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. This argument holds that Eurocentric history has been blind to the most important element in this fight for emancipation, precisely, the constant revolt and antagonism of slaves' revolts. The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "answer": "an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society.", "sentence": "The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits.", "paragraph_sentence": "Nevertheless, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that it was neither a matter of strictly economics nor of morals. First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). <hl> The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. <hl> This argument holds that Eurocentric history has been blind to the most important element in this fight for emancipation, precisely, the constant revolt and antagonism of slaves' revolts. The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "paragraph_answer": "Nevertheless, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that it was neither a matter of strictly economics nor of morals. First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as <hl> an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. <hl> Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. This argument holds that Eurocentric history has been blind to the most important element in this fight for emancipation, precisely, the constant revolt and antagonism of slaves' revolts. The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "sentence_answer": "The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as <hl> an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. <hl> Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits.", "paragraph_id": "5d6601672b22cd4dfcfbd568"}
{"question": "What do senate committees examine during estimate hearings?", "paragraph": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined. These are known as estimates hearings. Traditionally dominated by scrutiny of government activities by non-government senators, they provide the opportunity for all senators to ask questions of ministers and public officials. This may occasionally include government senators examining activities of independent publicly funded bodies, or pursuing issues arising from previous governments' terms of office. There is however a convention that senators do not have access to the files and records of previous governments when there has been an election resulting in a change in the party in government.", "answer": "the government's budget and operations", "sentence": "These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined.", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. <hl> These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined. <hl> These are known as estimates hearings. Traditionally dominated by scrutiny of government activities by non-government senators, they provide the opportunity for all senators to ask questions of ministers and public officials. This may occasionally include government senators examining activities of independent publicly funded bodies, or pursuing issues arising from previous governments' terms of office. There is however a convention that senators do not have access to the files and records of previous governments when there has been an election resulting in a change in the party in government.", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which <hl> the government's budget and operations <hl> are examined. These are known as estimates hearings. Traditionally dominated by scrutiny of government activities by non-government senators, they provide the opportunity for all senators to ask questions of ministers and public officials. This may occasionally include government senators examining activities of independent publicly funded bodies, or pursuing issues arising from previous governments' terms of office. There is however a convention that senators do not have access to the files and records of previous governments when there has been an election resulting in a change in the party in government.", "sentence_answer": "These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which <hl> the government's budget and operations <hl> are examined.", "paragraph_id": "5d66de342b22cd4dfcfbe4e5"}
{"question": "What was the total number of homeless people in Los Angeles in 2011?", "paragraph": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "answer": "51,340", "sentence": "The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row.", "paragraph_sentence": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. <hl> The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. <hl> It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "paragraph_answer": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was <hl> 51,340 <hl> in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "sentence_answer": "The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was <hl> 51,340 <hl> in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row.", "paragraph_id": "5d665fc62b22cd4dfcfbdce9"}
{"question": "What lead it being more beneficial to keep animals close by?", "paragraph": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "answer": "sedentary food production", "sentence": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. <hl> Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "paragraph_answer": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by <hl> sedentary food production <hl> it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "sentence_answer": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by <hl> sedentary food production <hl> it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand.", "paragraph_id": "5d67422b2b22cd4dfcfbf42a"}
{"question": "How is beware! represented?", "paragraph": "These sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs. \u27e8ae\u27e9 and \u27e8oe\u27e9 also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in a\u0113nus [a\u02c8e\u02d0.n\u028as] \"of bronze\" and co\u0113pit [k\u0254\u02c8e\u02d0.p\u026at] \"began\", and \u27e8au ui eu ei ou\u27e9 represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cau\u0113 [\u02c8ka.we\u02d0] \"beware!\", cuius [\u02c8k\u028aj.j\u028as] \"whose\", monu\u012b [\u02c8m\u0254n.\u028a.i\u02d0] \"I warned\", solu\u012b [\u02c8s\u0254\u026b.wi\u02d0] \"I released\", d\u0113l\u0113u\u012b [de\u02d0\u02c8le\u02d0.wi\u02d0] \"I destroyed\", eius [\u02c8\u025bj.j\u028as] \"his\", and nouus [\u02c8n\u0254.w\u028as] \"new\".", "answer": "cuius [\u02c8k\u028aj.j\u028as]", "sentence": "\u27e8ae\u27e9 and \u27e8oe\u27e9 also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in a\u0113nus [a\u02c8e\u02d0.n\u028as] \"of bronze\" and co\u0113pit [k\u0254\u02c8e\u02d0.p\u026at] \"began\", and \u27e8au ui eu ei ou\u27e9 represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cau\u0113 [\u02c8ka.we\u02d0] \"beware!\", cuius [\u02c8k\u028aj.j\u028as] \"whose\", monu\u012b [\u02c8m\u0254n.\u028a.i\u02d0] \"I warned\", solu\u012b [\u02c8s\u0254\u026b.wi\u02d0] \"I released\", d\u0113l\u0113u\u012b [de\u02d0\u02c8le\u02d0.wi\u02d0] \"I destroyed\", eius [\u02c8\u025bj.j\u028as] \"his\", and nouus [\u02c8n\u0254.w\u028as] \"new\".", "paragraph_sentence": "These sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs. <hl> \u27e8ae\u27e9 and \u27e8oe\u27e9 also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in a\u0113nus [a\u02c8e\u02d0.n\u028as] \"of bronze\" and co\u0113pit [k\u0254\u02c8e\u02d0.p\u026at] \"began\", and \u27e8au ui eu ei ou\u27e9 represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cau\u0113 [\u02c8ka.we\u02d0] \"beware!\", cuius [\u02c8k\u028aj.j\u028as] \"whose\", monu\u012b [\u02c8m\u0254n.\u028a.i\u02d0] \"I warned\", solu\u012b [\u02c8s\u0254\u026b.wi\u02d0] \"I released\", d\u0113l\u0113u\u012b [de\u02d0\u02c8le\u02d0.wi\u02d0] \"I destroyed\", eius [\u02c8\u025bj.j\u028as] \"his\", and nouus [\u02c8n\u0254.w\u028as] \"new\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "These sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs. \u27e8ae\u27e9 and \u27e8oe\u27e9 also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in a\u0113nus [a\u02c8e\u02d0.n\u028as] \"of bronze\" and co\u0113pit [k\u0254\u02c8e\u02d0.p\u026at] \"began\", and \u27e8au ui eu ei ou\u27e9 represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cau\u0113 [\u02c8ka.we\u02d0] \"beware!\", <hl> cuius [\u02c8k\u028aj.j\u028as] <hl> \"whose\", monu\u012b [\u02c8m\u0254n.\u028a.i\u02d0] \"I warned\", solu\u012b [\u02c8s\u0254\u026b.wi\u02d0] \"I released\", d\u0113l\u0113u\u012b [de\u02d0\u02c8le\u02d0.wi\u02d0] \"I destroyed\", eius [\u02c8\u025bj.j\u028as] \"his\", and nouus [\u02c8n\u0254.w\u028as] \"new\".", "sentence_answer": "\u27e8ae\u27e9 and \u27e8oe\u27e9 also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in a\u0113nus [a\u02c8e\u02d0.n\u028as] \"of bronze\" and co\u0113pit [k\u0254\u02c8e\u02d0.p\u026at] \"began\", and \u27e8au ui eu ei ou\u27e9 represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cau\u0113 [\u02c8ka.we\u02d0] \"beware!\", <hl> cuius [\u02c8k\u028aj.j\u028as] <hl> \"whose\", monu\u012b [\u02c8m\u0254n.\u028a.i\u02d0] \"I warned\", solu\u012b [\u02c8s\u0254\u026b.wi\u02d0] \"I released\", d\u0113l\u0113u\u012b [de\u02d0\u02c8le\u02d0.wi\u02d0] \"I destroyed\", eius [\u02c8\u025bj.j\u028as] \"his\", and nouus [\u02c8n\u0254.w\u028as] \"new\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6604d42b22cd4dfcfbd5c3"}
{"question": "Which country's territory is dealt with in Article IV, Section 3?", "paragraph": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States:", "answer": "United States", "sentence": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States :", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the United States : <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the <hl> United States <hl>:", "sentence_answer": "Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution defines the extent of the authority that the U.S. Congress exercises over the territory of the <hl> United States <hl> :", "paragraph_id": "5d675c0f2b22cd4dfcfbf869"}
{"question": "In what years did a recession affect the tin market and industry as a whole?", "paragraph": "During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the U.S. Government tin stockpile was in an aggressive selling mode, partly to take advantage of the historically high tin prices. The sharp recession of 1981\u201382 proved to be quite harsh on the tin industry. Tin consumption declined dramatically. The ITC was able to avoid truly steep declines through accelerated buying for its buffer stockpile; this activity required the ITC to borrow extensively from banks and metal trading firms to augment its resources. The ITC continued to borrow until late 1985, when it reached its credit limit. Immediately, a major \"tin crisis\" followed \u2014 tin was delisted from trading on the London Metal Exchange for about three years, the ITC dissolved soon afterward, and the price of tin, now in a free-market environment, plummeted sharply to $4 per pound and remained around this level through the 1990s. It increased again by 2010 due to the rebound in consumption following the 2008\u201309 world economic crisis, restocking and continued growth in consumption by the world's developing economies.", "answer": "1981\u201382", "sentence": "The sharp recession of 1981\u201382 proved to be quite harsh on the tin industry.", "paragraph_sentence": "During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the U.S. Government tin stockpile was in an aggressive selling mode, partly to take advantage of the historically high tin prices. <hl> The sharp recession of 1981\u201382 proved to be quite harsh on the tin industry. <hl> Tin consumption declined dramatically. The ITC was able to avoid truly steep declines through accelerated buying for its buffer stockpile; this activity required the ITC to borrow extensively from banks and metal trading firms to augment its resources. The ITC continued to borrow until late 1985, when it reached its credit limit. Immediately, a major \"tin crisis\" followed \u2014 tin was delisted from trading on the London Metal Exchange for about three years, the ITC dissolved soon afterward, and the price of tin, now in a free-market environment, plummeted sharply to $4 per pound and remained around this level through the 1990s. It increased again by 2010 due to the rebound in consumption following the 2008\u201309 world economic crisis, restocking and continued growth in consumption by the world's developing economies.", "paragraph_answer": "During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the U.S. Government tin stockpile was in an aggressive selling mode, partly to take advantage of the historically high tin prices. The sharp recession of <hl> 1981\u201382 <hl> proved to be quite harsh on the tin industry. Tin consumption declined dramatically. The ITC was able to avoid truly steep declines through accelerated buying for its buffer stockpile; this activity required the ITC to borrow extensively from banks and metal trading firms to augment its resources. The ITC continued to borrow until late 1985, when it reached its credit limit. Immediately, a major \"tin crisis\" followed \u2014 tin was delisted from trading on the London Metal Exchange for about three years, the ITC dissolved soon afterward, and the price of tin, now in a free-market environment, plummeted sharply to $4 per pound and remained around this level through the 1990s. It increased again by 2010 due to the rebound in consumption following the 2008\u201309 world economic crisis, restocking and continued growth in consumption by the world's developing economies.", "sentence_answer": "The sharp recession of <hl> 1981\u201382 <hl> proved to be quite harsh on the tin industry.", "paragraph_id": "5d6897b52b22cd4dfcfc3d10"}
{"question": "What year did the Suddeten agreement occur?", "paragraph": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "answer": "1938", "sentence": "With the Suddeten agreement in 1938 , Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies.", "paragraph_sentence": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. <hl> With the Suddeten agreement in 1938 , Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. <hl> In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_answer": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in <hl> 1938 <hl>, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "sentence_answer": "With the Suddeten agreement in <hl> 1938 <hl> , Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723662b22cd4dfcfbf042"}
{"question": "As far as social organization where things are mandated, how does it look to Libertarian socialists?", "paragraph": "Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that promote a non-hierarchical, non-bureaucratic society without private property in the means of production.  Libertarian socialists believe in converting present-day private productive property into common or public goods. Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization. It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism.", "answer": "Libertarian socialism is opposed", "sentence": "Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization.", "paragraph_sentence": "Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that promote a non-hierarchical, non-bureaucratic society without private property in the means of production. Libertarian socialists believe in converting present-day private productive property into common or public goods. <hl> Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization. <hl> It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism.", "paragraph_answer": "Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that promote a non-hierarchical, non-bureaucratic society without private property in the means of production. Libertarian socialists believe in converting present-day private productive property into common or public goods. <hl> Libertarian socialism is opposed <hl> to coercive forms of social organization. It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Libertarian socialism is opposed <hl> to coercive forms of social organization.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7942b22cd4dfcfbccf4"}
{"question": "Which type of insurance company/group is harder to run?", "paragraph": "Obviously, it is more difficult to operate an insurance group than a single insurance company, since employees must be painstakingly trained to observe corporate formalities so that courts will not treat the entities in the group as alter egos of each other.  For example, all insurance policies and all claim-related documents must consistently reference the relevant company within the group, and the flows of premiums and claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company.", "answer": "it is more difficult to operate an insurance group", "sentence": "Obviously, it is more difficult to operate an insurance group than a single insurance company, since employees must be painstakingly trained to observe corporate formalities so that courts will not treat the entities in the group as alter egos of each other.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Obviously, it is more difficult to operate an insurance group than a single insurance company, since employees must be painstakingly trained to observe corporate formalities so that courts will not treat the entities in the group as alter egos of each other. <hl> For example, all insurance policies and all claim-related documents must consistently reference the relevant company within the group, and the flows of premiums and claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company.", "paragraph_answer": "Obviously, <hl> it is more difficult to operate an insurance group <hl> than a single insurance company, since employees must be painstakingly trained to observe corporate formalities so that courts will not treat the entities in the group as alter egos of each other. For example, all insurance policies and all claim-related documents must consistently reference the relevant company within the group, and the flows of premiums and claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company.", "sentence_answer": "Obviously, <hl> it is more difficult to operate an insurance group <hl> than a single insurance company, since employees must be painstakingly trained to observe corporate formalities so that courts will not treat the entities in the group as alter egos of each other.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ec1d2b22cd4dfcfbe55e"}
{"question": "How many planning regions are there in the state?", "paragraph": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "answer": "15", "sentence": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into 15 planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. <hl> The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into <hl> 15 <hl> planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management. The Intragovernmental Policy Division of this Office coordinates regional planning with the administrative bodies of these regions. Each region has an administrative body known as either a regional council of governments, a regional council of elected officials, or a regional planning agency. The regions are established for the purpose of planning \"coordination of regional and state planning activities; redesignation of logical planning regions and promotion of the continuation of regional planning organizations within the state; and provision for technical aid and the administration of financial assistance to regional planning organizations.\"", "sentence_answer": "The state (with the exception of the Town of Stafford in Tolland County) is also divided into <hl> 15 <hl> planning regions defined by the state Office of Planning and Management.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8772b22cd4dfcfbd223"}
{"question": "From which direction does salt enter the Baltic Sea?", "paragraph": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "answer": "South", "sentence": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. <hl> Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the <hl> South <hl> builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the <hl> South <hl> builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_id": "5d661c152b22cd4dfcfbd90b"}
{"question": "first order is also known as what?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects.  It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "answer": "first-order predicate calculus", "sentence": "It is also known as first-order predicate calculus , the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. <hl> It is also known as first-order predicate calculus , the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. <hl> First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as <hl> first-order predicate calculus <hl>, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "sentence_answer": "It is also known as <hl> first-order predicate calculus <hl> , the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6618df2b22cd4dfcfbd873"}
{"question": "What kind of pass is used when an opposing team's stick or body is in the passing lane?", "paragraph": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "answer": "saucer", "sentence": "A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. <hl> A saucer pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. <hl> It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many other little tactics used in the game of hockey. Cycling moves the puck along the boards in the offensive zone to create a scoring chance by making defenders tired or moving them out of position. Pinching is when a defencemen pressures the opposition's winger in the offensive zone when they are breaking out, attempting to stop their attack and keep the puck in the offensive zone. A <hl> saucer <hl> pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane. It is the act of raising the puck over the obstruction and having it land on a teammate's stick.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> saucer <hl> pass is a pass used when an opposition's stick or body is in the passing lane.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d97d2b22cd4dfcfbcf01"}
{"question": "What is the name of the process by which stannous chloride is produced?", "paragraph": "Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense. Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation:", "answer": "comproportionation", "sentence": "Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation :", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense. Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. <hl> Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called comproportionation : <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin(II) chloride (also known as stannous chloride) is the most important tin halide in a commercial sense. Illustrating the routes to such compounds, chlorine reacts with tin metal to give SnCl4 whereas the reaction of hydrochloric acid and tin gives SnCl2 and hydrogen gas. Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called <hl> comproportionation <hl>:", "sentence_answer": "Alternatively SnCl4 and Sn combine to stannous chloride via a process called <hl> comproportionation <hl> :", "paragraph_id": "5d6700882b22cd4dfcfbe9ee"}
{"question": "Architecture from what period of Istanbul's history is absent from the city?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "answer": "the classical Greek period", "sentence": "Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. <hl> Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. <hl> The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of <hl> the classical Greek period <hl> has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "sentence_answer": "Nothing of the architecture of <hl> the classical Greek period <hl> has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b4172b22cd4dfcfbe406"}
{"question": "How many children are homeless in a year?", "paragraph": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely.  In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters.  Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007.  Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "answer": "1.35 million", "sentence": " Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007).", "paragraph_sentence": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters. Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007. <hl> Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, 1.35 million of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). <hl> With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "Homelessness in the United States of America is an area of concern for social service providers, government officials, policy professionals, and society at large. Although the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in January 2012 annual point-in-time count found that 633,782 people across the United States were homeless, other counts vary widely. In a recent approximation, an estimated 1.6 million unduplicated persons used transitional housing or emergency shelters. Of these people, approximately 1/3 are members of households with children, a nine percent increase since 2007. Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, <hl> 1.35 million <hl> of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007). With 2007 as a benchmark, the data from the report showed a 6.8 percent decline in homelessness among individuals, a 3.7 percent decline of homeless families, a 13.1 percent decline of the unsheltered homeless population, and a 19.3 percent decline in persons experiencing chronic homelessness.", "sentence_answer": " Another approximation is from a study done by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, which states that approximately 3.5 million people, <hl> 1.35 million <hl> of them children, are likely to experience homelessness in a given year (National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, 2007).", "paragraph_id": "5d65d3992b22cd4dfcfbce24"}
{"question": "What level of government is responsible for insular areas?", "paragraph": "The insular areas of the United States are those jurisdictions that are neither a part of one of the 50 states nor the federal district. Unlike within the States, sovereignty over insular areas rests not with the local people, but in Congress. In most cases, however, Congress has granted considerable self-rule through an Organic Act, which functions as a local constitution. Insular areas are administered by the Federal Government through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs.", "answer": "Federal Government", "sentence": "Insular areas are administered by the Federal Government through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs.", "paragraph_sentence": "The insular areas of the United States are those jurisdictions that are neither a part of one of the 50 states nor the federal district. Unlike within the States, sovereignty over insular areas rests not with the local people, but in Congress. In most cases, however, Congress has granted considerable self-rule through an Organic Act, which functions as a local constitution. <hl> Insular areas are administered by the Federal Government through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The insular areas of the United States are those jurisdictions that are neither a part of one of the 50 states nor the federal district. Unlike within the States, sovereignty over insular areas rests not with the local people, but in Congress. In most cases, however, Congress has granted considerable self-rule through an Organic Act, which functions as a local constitution. Insular areas are administered by the <hl> Federal Government <hl> through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs.", "sentence_answer": "Insular areas are administered by the <hl> Federal Government <hl> through the Department of the Interior's Office of Insular Affairs.", "paragraph_id": "5d676b472b22cd4dfcfbfab2"}
{"question": "The First-order logic distinguishes itself from this logic because this logic does not use quantifiers.", "paragraph": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects.  It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "answer": "propositional logic", "sentence": "This distinguishes it from propositional logic , which does not use quantifiers.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. <hl> This distinguishes it from propositional logic , which does not use quantifiers. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from <hl> propositional logic <hl>, which does not use quantifiers.", "sentence_answer": "This distinguishes it from <hl> propositional logic <hl> , which does not use quantifiers.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ab832b22cd4dfcfbe3d3"}
{"question": "What year did the founder of Mellon Bank graduate from Pitt?", "paragraph": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "answer": "1837", "sentence": "It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837 ), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_sentence": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. <hl> It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837 ), graduated and later taught at WUP. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of <hl> 1837 <hl>), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "sentence_answer": "It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of <hl> 1837 <hl> ), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc6f2b22cd4dfcfbe908"}
{"question": "German army were intercepted by whom?", "paragraph": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "answer": "British", "sentence": "British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity.", "paragraph_sentence": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. <hl> British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. <hl> All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "paragraph_answer": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. <hl> British <hl> intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> British <hl> intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8002b22cd4dfcfc002e"}
{"question": "On what day was Daniel Malloy sworn in as governor?", "paragraph": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "answer": "January 5, 2011", "sentence": "Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. <hl> Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011 . <hl> From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "paragraph_answer": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on <hl> January 5, 2011 <hl>. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "sentence_answer": "Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on <hl> January 5, 2011 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667e782b22cd4dfcfbe0a9"}
{"question": "What did Pitt participate in at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter?", "paragraph": "Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union.\nIn addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh itself. Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "answer": "archaeological excavation", "sentence": "Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_sentence": "Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union. In addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh itself. <hl> Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the archaeological excavation at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Due to the historical nature of various sites around Pitt's buildings, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has placed historical markers outside the Allegheny Observatory, Posvar Hall, Salk Hall, Stephen Foster Memorial, and the William Pitt Union. In addition, a Pennsylvania Historical Marker has been placed on campus near the Cathedral of Learning to mark the significance of the University of Pittsburgh itself. Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the <hl> archaeological excavation <hl> at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "sentence_answer": "Another state historical marker has been placed to highlight the significance of Pitt's involvement in the <hl> archaeological excavation <hl> at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter in Avella, Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_id": "5d6700ff2b22cd4dfcfbe9f7"}
{"question": "Who issued the report on the failures of the party in 2012?", "paragraph": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform. He said, \"There's no one reason we lost. Our message was weak; our ground game was insufficient; we weren't inclusive; we were behind in both data and digital; and our primary and debate process needed improvement.\" He proposed 219 reforms that included a $10 million marketing campaign to reach women, minorities and gays as well as setting a shorter, more controlled primary season and creating better data collection facilities.", "answer": "Reince Priebus", "sentence": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform. <hl> He said, \"There's no one reason we lost. Our message was weak; our ground game was insufficient; we weren't inclusive; we were behind in both data and digital; and our primary and debate process needed improvement.\" He proposed 219 reforms that included a $10 million marketing campaign to reach women, minorities and gays as well as setting a shorter, more controlled primary season and creating better data collection facilities.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman <hl> Reince Priebus <hl> gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform. He said, \"There's no one reason we lost. Our message was weak; our ground game was insufficient; we weren't inclusive; we were behind in both data and digital; and our primary and debate process needed improvement.\" He proposed 219 reforms that included a $10 million marketing campaign to reach women, minorities and gays as well as setting a shorter, more controlled primary season and creating better data collection facilities.", "sentence_answer": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman <hl> Reince Priebus <hl> gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d7a22b22cd4dfcfc02ed"}
{"question": "Who tried to colonize the lost colony of Roanoke?", "paragraph": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "answer": "English", "sentence": "Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. <hl> Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. <hl> Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the <hl> English <hl> Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "sentence_answer": "Small early attempts\u2014such as the <hl> English <hl> Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672232b22cd4dfcfbdf3f"}
{"question": "In Spain, what year did the law allow parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first for their children?", "paragraph": "Children take the surnames of both parents, so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\". In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. For instance, the name of the son of the couple in the example above could be either \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" or \"Andr\u00e9s Reyes G\u00f3mez\". Sometimes, for single mothers or when the father would or could not recognize the child, the mother's surname has been used twice: for example, \"Ana Reyes Reyes\". In Spain, however, children with just one parent receive both surnames of that parent, although the order may also be changed. In 1973 in Chile, the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "answer": "1995", "sentence": "In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children.", "paragraph_sentence": "Children take the surnames of both parents, so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\". <hl> In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. <hl> For instance, the name of the son of the couple in the example above could be either \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" or \"Andr\u00e9s Reyes G\u00f3mez\". Sometimes, for single mothers or when the father would or could not recognize the child, the mother's surname has been used twice: for example, \"Ana Reyes Reyes\". In Spain, however, children with just one parent receive both surnames of that parent, although the order may also be changed. In 1973 in Chile, the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "paragraph_answer": "Children take the surnames of both parents, so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\". In Spain, a <hl> 1995 <hl> reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. For instance, the name of the son of the couple in the example above could be either \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" or \"Andr\u00e9s Reyes G\u00f3mez\". Sometimes, for single mothers or when the father would or could not recognize the child, the mother's surname has been used twice: for example, \"Ana Reyes Reyes\". In Spain, however, children with just one parent receive both surnames of that parent, although the order may also be changed. In 1973 in Chile, the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "sentence_answer": "In Spain, a <hl> 1995 <hl> reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children.", "paragraph_id": "5d6731dd2b22cd4dfcfbf233"}
{"question": "What types of devices did Microsoft's Metro design language optimize for?", "paragraph": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "answer": "touch-based", "sentence": "A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. <hl> A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. <hl> These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for <hl> touch-based <hl> devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "sentence_answer": "A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for <hl> touch-based <hl> devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715cc2b22cd4dfcfbeeaa"}
{"question": "What are works in the technique refered to?", "paragraph": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions.  The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "answer": "Works in the technique are described as \"in relief", "sentence": "Works in the technique are described as \"in relief \", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "paragraph_sentence": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". <hl> Works in the technique are described as \"in relief \", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". <hl> Works in the technique are described as \"in relief <hl>\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Works in the technique are described as \"in relief <hl> \", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5742b22cd4dfcfbe7a9"}
{"question": "How many colonies protested against the British taxation in 1765?", "paragraph": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "answer": "13", "sentence": "The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. <hl> The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. <hl> The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "paragraph_answer": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the <hl> 13 <hl> colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "sentence_answer": "The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the <hl> 13 <hl> colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770112b22cd4dfcfbfbb2"}
{"question": "What type of framework does The United Nations Development Programme provide in order to describe decentralization?", "paragraph": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "answer": "chart-formatted", "sentence": "The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "paragraph_sentence": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" <hl> The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a <hl> chart-formatted <hl> framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "The report provides a <hl> chart-formatted <hl> framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "paragraph_id": "5d660d132b22cd4dfcfbd72c"}
{"question": "Who provided the land on which Providence Plantation was founded?", "paragraph": "The Pilgrims were a small Protestant sect based in England and the Netherlands. One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620. After drawing up the Mayflower Compact by which they gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus. Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "answer": "Narragansett sachem, Canonicus", "sentence": "Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Pilgrims were a small Protestant sect based in England and the Netherlands. One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620. After drawing up the Mayflower Compact by which they gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. <hl> Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus . <hl> Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "paragraph_answer": "The Pilgrims were a small Protestant sect based in England and the Netherlands. One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620. After drawing up the Mayflower Compact by which they gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the <hl> Narragansett sachem, Canonicus <hl>. Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "sentence_answer": "Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the <hl> Narragansett sachem, Canonicus <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661cd02b22cd4dfcfbd916"}
{"question": "Which group had their Muslim and Croat commanders' names changed to protect them?", "paragraph": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "answer": "Partisan forces", "sentence": "In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina).", "paragraph_sentence": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. <hl> In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). <hl> In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "paragraph_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war <hl> Partisan forces <hl> were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "sentence_answer": "In the early part of the war <hl> Partisan forces <hl> were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina).", "paragraph_id": "5d67f8e62b22cd4dfcfc04ad"}
{"question": "What composer is know for challenging the music common to Modernism?", "paragraph": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "answer": "John Cage", "sentence": "Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism.", "paragraph_sentence": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. <hl> Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. <hl> Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "paragraph_answer": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably <hl> John Cage <hl> challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "sentence_answer": "Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably <hl> John Cage <hl> challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723b22b22cd4dfcfbf05f"}
{"question": "How many parts can be derived from the National People's Congress?", "paragraph": "There are also cases where some longer phrases are abbreviated drastically, especially in Chinese politics, where proper nouns were initially translated from Soviet Leninist terms. For instance, the full name of China's highest ruling council, the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), is \"Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a). The term then reduced the \"Communist Party of China\" part of its name through acronyms, then the \"Standing Committee\" part, again through acronyms, to create \"\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\". Alternatively, it omitted the \"Communist Party\" part altogether, creating \"Politburo Standing Committee\" (\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a), and eventually just \"Standing Committee\" (\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a). The PSC's members full designations are \"Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458); this was eventually drastically reduced to simply Changwei (\u5e38\u59d4), with the term Ruchang (\u5165\u5e38) used increasingly for officials destined for a future seat on the PSC. In another example, the word \"\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\" (National People's Congress) can be broken into four parts: \"\u5168\u56fd\" = \"the whole nation\", \"\u4eba\u6c11\" = \"people\", \"\u4ee3\u8868\" = \"representatives\", \"\u5927\u4f1a\" = \"conference\". Yet, in its short form \"\u4eba\u5927\" (literally \"man/people big\"), only the first characters from the second and the fourth parts are selected; the first part (\"\u5168\u56fd\") and the third part (\"\u4ee3\u8868\") are simply ignored. In describing such abbreviations, the term initialism is inapplicable.[original research?]", "answer": "four parts", "sentence": "In another example, the word \"\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\" (National People's Congress) can be broken into four parts : \"\u5168\u56fd\" =", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also cases where some longer phrases are abbreviated drastically, especially in Chinese politics, where proper nouns were initially translated from Soviet Leninist terms. For instance, the full name of China's highest ruling council, the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), is \"Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a). The term then reduced the \"Communist Party of China\" part of its name through acronyms, then the \"Standing Committee\" part, again through acronyms, to create \"\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\". Alternatively, it omitted the \"Communist Party\" part altogether, creating \"Politburo Standing Committee\" (\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a), and eventually just \"Standing Committee\" (\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a). The PSC's members full designations are \"Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458); this was eventually drastically reduced to simply Changwei (\u5e38\u59d4), with the term Ruchang (\u5165\u5e38) used increasingly for officials destined for a future seat on the PSC. <hl> In another example, the word \"\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\" (National People's Congress) can be broken into four parts : \"\u5168\u56fd\" = <hl> \"the whole nation\", \"\u4eba\u6c11\" = \"people\", \"\u4ee3\u8868\" = \"representatives\", \"\u5927\u4f1a\" = \"conference\". Yet, in its short form \"\u4eba\u5927\" (literally \"man/people big\"), only the first characters from the second and the fourth parts are selected; the first part (\"\u5168\u56fd\") and the third part (\"\u4ee3\u8868\") are simply ignored. In describing such abbreviations, the term initialism is inapplicable.[original research?]", "paragraph_answer": "There are also cases where some longer phrases are abbreviated drastically, especially in Chinese politics, where proper nouns were initially translated from Soviet Leninist terms. For instance, the full name of China's highest ruling council, the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), is \"Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a). The term then reduced the \"Communist Party of China\" part of its name through acronyms, then the \"Standing Committee\" part, again through acronyms, to create \"\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\". Alternatively, it omitted the \"Communist Party\" part altogether, creating \"Politburo Standing Committee\" (\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a), and eventually just \"Standing Committee\" (\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a). The PSC's members full designations are \"Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China\" (\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458); this was eventually drastically reduced to simply Changwei (\u5e38\u59d4), with the term Ruchang (\u5165\u5e38) used increasingly for officials destined for a future seat on the PSC. In another example, the word \"\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\" (National People's Congress) can be broken into <hl> four parts <hl>: \"\u5168\u56fd\" = \"the whole nation\", \"\u4eba\u6c11\" = \"people\", \"\u4ee3\u8868\" = \"representatives\", \"\u5927\u4f1a\" = \"conference\". Yet, in its short form \"\u4eba\u5927\" (literally \"man/people big\"), only the first characters from the second and the fourth parts are selected; the first part (\"\u5168\u56fd\") and the third part (\"\u4ee3\u8868\") are simply ignored. In describing such abbreviations, the term initialism is inapplicable.[original research?]", "sentence_answer": "In another example, the word \"\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\" (National People's Congress) can be broken into <hl> four parts <hl> : \"\u5168\u56fd\" =", "paragraph_id": "5d657b982b22cd4dfcfbc978"}
{"question": "What is the shortened form of directed graph of states in computer science?", "paragraph": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges).  Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "answer": "nodes", "sentence": "For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states ( nodes ) and connections (directed edges).", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. <hl> For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states ( nodes ) and connections (directed edges). <hl> Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_answer": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (<hl> nodes <hl>) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "sentence_answer": "For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states ( <hl> nodes <hl> ) and connections (directed edges).", "paragraph_id": "5d66dbe22b22cd4dfcfbe4da"}
{"question": "What is the traditional order for a child's surname order?", "paragraph": "Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother, but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents, or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row.", "answer": "father followed by that of the mother", "sentence": "Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother , but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents, or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother , but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents, or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Children will always bear the surname of the <hl> father followed by that of the mother <hl>, but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents, or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row.", "sentence_answer": "Children will always bear the surname of the <hl> father followed by that of the mother <hl> , but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents, or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row.", "paragraph_id": "5d67607e2b22cd4dfcfbf930"}
{"question": "What policy is taxation and government spending?", "paragraph": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "answer": "fiscal", "sentence": "Government spending and taxation decisions ( fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Government spending and taxation decisions ( fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. <hl> There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "paragraph_answer": "Government spending and taxation decisions (<hl> fiscal <hl> policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "sentence_answer": "Government spending and taxation decisions ( <hl> fiscal <hl> policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706552b22cd4dfcfbeaec"}
{"question": "Before the introduction of twenty-minute sudden death, how was game settled?", "paragraph": "Various procedures are used if a game is tied. In tournament play, as well as in the NHL playoffs, North Americans favour sudden death overtime, in which the teams continue to play twenty-minute periods until a goal is scored. Up until the 1999\u20132000 season regular season NHL games were settled with a single five-minute sudden death period with five players (plus a goalie) per side, with both teams awarded one point in the standings in the event of a tie. With a goal, the winning team would be awarded two points and the losing team none (just as if they had lost in regulation).", "answer": "single five-minute sudden death period", "sentence": "Up until the 1999\u20132000 season regular season NHL games were settled with a single five-minute sudden death period with five players (plus a goalie) per side, with both teams awarded one point in the standings in the event of a tie.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various procedures are used if a game is tied. In tournament play, as well as in the NHL playoffs, North Americans favour sudden death overtime, in which the teams continue to play twenty-minute periods until a goal is scored. <hl> Up until the 1999\u20132000 season regular season NHL games were settled with a single five-minute sudden death period with five players (plus a goalie) per side, with both teams awarded one point in the standings in the event of a tie. <hl> With a goal, the winning team would be awarded two points and the losing team none (just as if they had lost in regulation).", "paragraph_answer": "Various procedures are used if a game is tied. In tournament play, as well as in the NHL playoffs, North Americans favour sudden death overtime, in which the teams continue to play twenty-minute periods until a goal is scored. Up until the 1999\u20132000 season regular season NHL games were settled with a <hl> single five-minute sudden death period <hl> with five players (plus a goalie) per side, with both teams awarded one point in the standings in the event of a tie. With a goal, the winning team would be awarded two points and the losing team none (just as if they had lost in regulation).", "sentence_answer": "Up until the 1999\u20132000 season regular season NHL games were settled with a <hl> single five-minute sudden death period <hl> with five players (plus a goalie) per side, with both teams awarded one point in the standings in the event of a tie.", "paragraph_id": "5d66681e2b22cd4dfcfbde20"}
{"question": "What book influenced Betty Friedan to write a bestselling book?", "paragraph": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "answer": "The Second Sex", "sentence": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex , wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex , wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. <hl> Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by <hl> The Second Sex <hl>, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "sentence_answer": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by <hl> The Second Sex <hl> , wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique.", "paragraph_id": "5d6711022b22cd4dfcfbed2c"}
{"question": "When did Taiwan's medical education began?", "paragraph": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.\nThe first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours.\nClinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years.\nThe duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade.\nTaiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree.  Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "answer": "1897", "sentence": "\nTaiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now.", "paragraph_sentence": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. <hl> Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. <hl> Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "paragraph_answer": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in <hl> 1897 <hl> and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "sentence_answer": " Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in <hl> 1897 <hl> and is over 100 years old now.", "paragraph_id": "5d6655c12b22cd4dfcfbdc37"}
{"question": "In Iceland, how would one refer to a person called Abraham Mesfin correctly?", "paragraph": "In Ethiopia and Eritrea, a child adopts the given name of one of their parents, usually the father, as a pseudo-surname. For example, Abraham Mesfin's father's first name would have been Mesfin, while Abraham Mesfin's child might be called \"Nestanet Abraham.\" Just as in Iceland, referring to Abraham Mesfin as \"Mr Mesfin\" would be erroneous: the correct term would be \"Mr Abraham.\" Very rarely do children adopt their mother's given name, who in any case would retain their \"pseudo-surname.\"", "answer": "\"Mr Abraham.\"", "sentence": "Just as in Iceland, referring to Abraham Mesfin as \"Mr Mesfin\" would be erroneous: the correct term would be \"Mr Abraham.\" Very rarely do children adopt their mother's given name, who in any case would retain their \"pseudo-surname.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In Ethiopia and Eritrea, a child adopts the given name of one of their parents, usually the father, as a pseudo-surname. For example, Abraham Mesfin's father's first name would have been Mesfin, while Abraham Mesfin's child might be called \"Nestanet Abraham.\" <hl> Just as in Iceland, referring to Abraham Mesfin as \"Mr Mesfin\" would be erroneous: the correct term would be \"Mr Abraham.\" Very rarely do children adopt their mother's given name, who in any case would retain their \"pseudo-surname.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Ethiopia and Eritrea, a child adopts the given name of one of their parents, usually the father, as a pseudo-surname. For example, Abraham Mesfin's father's first name would have been Mesfin, while Abraham Mesfin's child might be called \"Nestanet Abraham.\" Just as in Iceland, referring to Abraham Mesfin as \"Mr Mesfin\" would be erroneous: the correct term would be <hl> \"Mr Abraham.\" <hl> Very rarely do children adopt their mother's given name, who in any case would retain their \"pseudo-surname.\"", "sentence_answer": "Just as in Iceland, referring to Abraham Mesfin as \"Mr Mesfin\" would be erroneous: the correct term would be <hl> \"Mr Abraham.\" <hl> Very rarely do children adopt their mother's given name, who in any case would retain their \"pseudo-surname.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d673b5c2b22cd4dfcfbf355"}
{"question": "Approximately how many crashes have been counted in the Nevada Triangle?", "paragraph": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.  Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett.  Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "answer": "2,000", "sentence": " Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000 , including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett.", "paragraph_sentence": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. <hl> Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000 , including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett. <hl> Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "paragraph_answer": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at <hl> 2,000 <hl>, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett. Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "sentence_answer": " Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at <hl> 2,000 <hl> , including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett.", "paragraph_id": "5d67048d2b22cd4dfcfbeaae"}
{"question": "Who established The Sunday Times?", "paragraph": "Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "answer": "Harold Evans", "sentence": "Harold Evans , editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Harold Evans , editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. <hl> On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Harold Evans <hl>, editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Harold Evans <hl> , editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper.", "paragraph_id": "5d67735b2b22cd4dfcfbfc2e"}
{"question": "When was there a crisis in regards to Australia's constitution?", "paragraph": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "answer": "1975", "sentence": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. <hl> The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "paragraph_answer": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the <hl> 1975 <hl> Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "sentence_answer": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the <hl> 1975 <hl> Australian constitutional crisis.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5e02b22cd4dfcfbce70"}
{"question": "What has exposure effects on heart disease?", "paragraph": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did.  Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5.  Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure.  PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "answer": "Particulate matter", "sentence": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. <hl> Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did. Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5. Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure. PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Particulate matter <hl> has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did. Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5. Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure. PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Particulate matter <hl> has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7642b22cd4dfcfbceba"}
{"question": "What was overrode by the Andes?", "paragraph": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.\nThe Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "answer": "Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen", "sentence": "Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.", "paragraph_sentence": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. <hl> Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. <hl> The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "paragraph_answer": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. <hl> Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen <hl> in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen <hl> in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.", "paragraph_id": "5d66864f2b22cd4dfcfbe1ac"}
{"question": "What happened to GDP after the income tax increase of 1993?", "paragraph": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent (756,000 jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget. But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs).\" CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "answer": "GDP grew", "sentence": "CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent (756,000 jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget. But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs).\" <hl> CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent (756,000 jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget. But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs).\" CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and <hl> GDP grew <hl> faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "sentence_answer": "CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and <hl> GDP grew <hl> faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "paragraph_id": "5d670c2a2b22cd4dfcfbec17"}
{"question": "Were Partisan forces well armed?", "paragraph": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "answer": "poorly armed", "sentence": "At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. <hl> At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. <hl> They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, <hl> poorly armed <hl> and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "sentence_answer": "At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, <hl> poorly armed <hl> and without any infrastructure.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707f42b22cd4dfcfbeb58"}
{"question": "What did William Wilberforce dedicate his life to as a Member of the British Parliament?", "paragraph": "On Sunday, 28 October 1787, William Wilberforce wrote in his diary: \"God Almighty has set before me two great objects, the suppression of the slave trade and the Reformation of society.\" For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire. On 22 February 1807, twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against, the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s. In 1805 the British Order-in-Council had restricted the importation of slaves into colonies that had been captured from France and the Netherlands. Britain continued to press other nations to end its trade; in 1810 an Anglo-Portuguese treaty was signed whereby Portugal agreed to restrict its trade into its colonies; an 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty whereby Sweden outlawed its slave trade; the Treaty of Paris 1814 where France agreed with Britain that the trade is \"repugnant to the principles of natural justice\" and agreed to abolish the slave trade in five years; the 1814 Anglo-Netherlands treaty where the Dutch outlawed its slave trade.", "answer": "to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire", "sentence": "For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire .", "paragraph_sentence": "On Sunday, 28 October 1787, William Wilberforce wrote in his diary: \"God Almighty has set before me two great objects, the suppression of the slave trade and the Reformation of society.\" <hl> For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire . <hl> On 22 February 1807, twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against, the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s. In 1805 the British Order-in-Council had restricted the importation of slaves into colonies that had been captured from France and the Netherlands. Britain continued to press other nations to end its trade; in 1810 an Anglo-Portuguese treaty was signed whereby Portugal agreed to restrict its trade into its colonies; an 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty whereby Sweden outlawed its slave trade; the Treaty of Paris 1814 where France agreed with Britain that the trade is \"repugnant to the principles of natural justice\" and agreed to abolish the slave trade in five years; the 1814 Anglo-Netherlands treaty where the Dutch outlawed its slave trade.", "paragraph_answer": "On Sunday, 28 October 1787, William Wilberforce wrote in his diary: \"God Almighty has set before me two great objects, the suppression of the slave trade and the Reformation of society.\" For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament <hl> to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire <hl>. On 22 February 1807, twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against, the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s. In 1805 the British Order-in-Council had restricted the importation of slaves into colonies that had been captured from France and the Netherlands. Britain continued to press other nations to end its trade; in 1810 an Anglo-Portuguese treaty was signed whereby Portugal agreed to restrict its trade into its colonies; an 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty whereby Sweden outlawed its slave trade; the Treaty of Paris 1814 where France agreed with Britain that the trade is \"repugnant to the principles of natural justice\" and agreed to abolish the slave trade in five years; the 1814 Anglo-Netherlands treaty where the Dutch outlawed its slave trade.", "sentence_answer": "For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament <hl> to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f0472b22cd4dfcfbd338"}
{"question": "What are two features of postmodern influence in music scores?", "paragraph": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "answer": "Eclecticism and freedom of expression", "sentence": "Eclecticism and freedom of expression , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression <hl>, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression <hl> , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724c12b22cd4dfcfbf087"}
{"question": "What is Turkey's most widely circulated paper?", "paragraph": "Today, Istanbul hosts a wide variety of periodicals. Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions. Istanbul-based Zaman, although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. Posta, H\u00fcrriyet, and S\u00f6zc\u00fc, which round out the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 300,000 weekly sales each. H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since 1961, but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Habert\u00fcrk and Milliyet, are also based in Istanbul.", "answer": "Zaman", "sentence": "Istanbul-based Zaman , although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor.", "paragraph_sentence": "Today, Istanbul hosts a wide variety of periodicals. Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions. <hl> Istanbul-based Zaman , although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. <hl> Posta, H\u00fcrriyet, and S\u00f6zc\u00fc, which round out the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 300,000 weekly sales each. H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since 1961, but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Habert\u00fcrk and Milliyet, are also based in Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "Today, Istanbul hosts a wide variety of periodicals. Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions. Istanbul-based <hl> Zaman <hl>, although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. Posta, H\u00fcrriyet, and S\u00f6zc\u00fc, which round out the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 300,000 weekly sales each. H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since 1961, but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Habert\u00fcrk and Milliyet, are also based in Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul-based <hl> Zaman <hl> , although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607712b22cd4dfcfbd61d"}
{"question": "What network did the Roots television miniseries premier on?", "paragraph": "The African diaspora which was created via slavery has been a complex interwoven part of American history and culture. In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book Roots: The Saga of an American Family, published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the ABC network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community. The influence of these led many African Americans to begin researching their family histories and making visits to West Africa. In turn, a tourist industry grew up to supply them. One notable example of this is through the Roots Homecoming Festival held annually in the Gambia, in which rituals are held through which African Americans can symbolically \"come home\" to Africa. Issues of dispute have however developed between African Americans and African authorities over how to display historic sites that were involved in the Atlantic slave trade, with prominent voices in the former criticising the latter for not displaying such sites sensitively, but instead treating them as a commercial enterprise.", "answer": "ABC", "sentence": "In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book Roots: The Saga of an American Family, published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the ABC network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community.", "paragraph_sentence": "The African diaspora which was created via slavery has been a complex interwoven part of American history and culture. <hl> In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book Roots: The Saga of an American Family, published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the ABC network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community. <hl> The influence of these led many African Americans to begin researching their family histories and making visits to West Africa. In turn, a tourist industry grew up to supply them. One notable example of this is through the Roots Homecoming Festival held annually in the Gambia, in which rituals are held through which African Americans can symbolically \"come home\" to Africa. Issues of dispute have however developed between African Americans and African authorities over how to display historic sites that were involved in the Atlantic slave trade, with prominent voices in the former criticising the latter for not displaying such sites sensitively, but instead treating them as a commercial enterprise.", "paragraph_answer": "The African diaspora which was created via slavery has been a complex interwoven part of American history and culture. In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book Roots: The Saga of an American Family, published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the <hl> ABC <hl> network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community. The influence of these led many African Americans to begin researching their family histories and making visits to West Africa. In turn, a tourist industry grew up to supply them. One notable example of this is through the Roots Homecoming Festival held annually in the Gambia, in which rituals are held through which African Americans can symbolically \"come home\" to Africa. Issues of dispute have however developed between African Americans and African authorities over how to display historic sites that were involved in the Atlantic slave trade, with prominent voices in the former criticising the latter for not displaying such sites sensitively, but instead treating them as a commercial enterprise.", "sentence_answer": "In the United States, the success of Alex Haley's book Roots: The Saga of an American Family, published in 1976, and the subsequent television miniseries based upon it Roots, broadcast on the <hl> ABC <hl> network in January 1977, led to an increased interest and appreciation of African heritage amongst the African-American community.", "paragraph_id": "5d6684f92b22cd4dfcfbe18d"}
{"question": "What bestselling book did Betty Friedan write?", "paragraph": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "answer": "The Feminine Mystique", "sentence": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique . <hl> Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book <hl> The Feminine Mystique <hl>. Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "sentence_answer": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book <hl> The Feminine Mystique <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6711022b22cd4dfcfbed2d"}
{"question": "What was implied by the report?", "paragraph": "The ice extent depends on whether the winter is mild, moderate, or severe. Severe winters can lead to ice formation around southern Sweden and even in the Danish straits. According to the 18th-century natural historian William Derham, during the severe winters of 1703 and 1708, the ice cover reached as far as the Danish straits. Frequently, parts of the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga. This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice.", "answer": "This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice.", "sentence": "This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ice extent depends on whether the winter is mild, moderate, or severe. Severe winters can lead to ice formation around southern Sweden and even in the Danish straits. According to the 18th-century natural historian William Derham, during the severe winters of 1703 and 1708, the ice cover reached as far as the Danish straits. Frequently, parts of the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga. <hl> This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The ice extent depends on whether the winter is mild, moderate, or severe. Severe winters can lead to ice formation around southern Sweden and even in the Danish straits. According to the 18th-century natural historian William Derham, during the severe winters of 1703 and 1708, the ice cover reached as far as the Danish straits. Frequently, parts of the Gulf of Bothnia and Gulf of Finland are frozen, in addition to coastal fringes in more southerly locations such as the Gulf of Riga. <hl> This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> This description meant that the whole of the Baltic Sea was covered with ice. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6619352b22cd4dfcfbd893"}
{"question": "What hockey league has also introduced a new set of rules?", "paragraph": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace. Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"zero tolerance\").", "answer": "United States amateur hockey", "sentence": "The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"zero tolerance\").", "paragraph_sentence": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace. Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. <hl> The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"zero tolerance\"). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace. Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. The governing body for <hl> United States amateur hockey <hl> has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"zero tolerance\").", "sentence_answer": "The governing body for <hl> United States amateur hockey <hl> has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"zero tolerance\").", "paragraph_id": "5d669c142b22cd4dfcfbe344"}
{"question": "What did the the neural network related to moral decisions overlap with?", "paragraph": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature.  In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "answer": "the network pertaining to representing others' intentions", "sentence": " In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy).", "paragraph_sentence": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature. <hl> In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with the network pertaining to representing others' intentions (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). <hl> This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "paragraph_answer": "The brain areas that are consistently involved when humans reason about moral issues have been investigated by a quantitative large-scale meta-analysis of the brain activity changes reported in the moral neuroscience literature. In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with <hl> the network pertaining to representing others' intentions <hl> (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy). This supports the notion that moral reasoning is related to both seeing things from other persons\u2019 points of view and to grasping others\u2019 feelings. These results provide evidence that the neural network underlying moral decisions is probably domain-global (i.e., there might be no such things as a \"moral module\" in the human brain) and might be dissociable into cognitive and affective sub-systems.", "sentence_answer": " In fact, the neural network underlying moral decisions overlapped with <hl> the network pertaining to representing others' intentions <hl> (i.e., theory of mind) and the network pertaining to representing others' (vicariously experienced) emotional states (i.e., empathy).", "paragraph_id": "5d6768042b22cd4dfcfbfa42"}
{"question": "In 2006, how many jobs did the arts, film, history, and tourism segments generate for Connecticut?", "paragraph": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually. This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in state and local revenue. Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.", "answer": "170,000 jobs annually", "sentence": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually . <hl> This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in state and local revenue. Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and <hl> 170,000 jobs annually <hl>. This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in state and local revenue. Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and <hl> 170,000 jobs annually <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6669a62b22cd4dfcfbde4e"}
{"question": "What is the Intertropical Convergence Zone an ascending branch of?", "paragraph": "On the large scale, the highest precipitation amounts outside topography fall in the tropics, closely tied to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, itself the ascending branch of the Hadley cell.  Mountainous locales near the equator in Colombia are amongst the wettest places on Earth.  North and south of this are regions of descending air that form subtropical ridges where precipitation is low; the land surface underneath is usually arid, which forms most of the Earth's deserts.  An exception to this rule is in Hawaii, where upslope flow due to the trade winds lead to one of the wettest locations on Earth.  Otherwise, the flow of the Westerlies into the Rocky Mountains lead to the wettest, and at elevation snowiest,  locations within North America.  In Asia during the wet season, the flow of moist air into the Himalayas leads to some of the greatest rainfall amounts measured on Earth in northeast India.", "answer": "Hadley cell", "sentence": "On the large scale, the highest precipitation amounts outside topography fall in the tropics, closely tied to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, itself the ascending branch of the Hadley cell .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On the large scale, the highest precipitation amounts outside topography fall in the tropics, closely tied to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, itself the ascending branch of the Hadley cell . <hl> Mountainous locales near the equator in Colombia are amongst the wettest places on Earth. North and south of this are regions of descending air that form subtropical ridges where precipitation is low; the land surface underneath is usually arid, which forms most of the Earth's deserts. An exception to this rule is in Hawaii, where upslope flow due to the trade winds lead to one of the wettest locations on Earth. Otherwise, the flow of the Westerlies into the Rocky Mountains lead to the wettest, and at elevation snowiest, locations within North America. In Asia during the wet season, the flow of moist air into the Himalayas leads to some of the greatest rainfall amounts measured on Earth in northeast India.", "paragraph_answer": "On the large scale, the highest precipitation amounts outside topography fall in the tropics, closely tied to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, itself the ascending branch of the <hl> Hadley cell <hl>. Mountainous locales near the equator in Colombia are amongst the wettest places on Earth. North and south of this are regions of descending air that form subtropical ridges where precipitation is low; the land surface underneath is usually arid, which forms most of the Earth's deserts. An exception to this rule is in Hawaii, where upslope flow due to the trade winds lead to one of the wettest locations on Earth. Otherwise, the flow of the Westerlies into the Rocky Mountains lead to the wettest, and at elevation snowiest, locations within North America. In Asia during the wet season, the flow of moist air into the Himalayas leads to some of the greatest rainfall amounts measured on Earth in northeast India.", "sentence_answer": "On the large scale, the highest precipitation amounts outside topography fall in the tropics, closely tied to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, itself the ascending branch of the <hl> Hadley cell <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674ec92b22cd4dfcfbf602"}
{"question": "What is the translation for the Dutch phrase, \"Huis van Hoop?\"", "paragraph": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "answer": "\"House of Hope\"", "sentence": "After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "paragraph_sentence": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. <hl> After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called <hl> \"House of Hope\" <hl> (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "sentence_answer": "After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called <hl> \"House of Hope\" <hl> (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "paragraph_id": "5d6676582b22cd4dfcfbdffd"}
{"question": "How many total championships did Marie Braun win?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam's swimming tradition started with Marie Braun aka Zus (sister) Braun, who was coached to a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. In her career as 14 time national champ, she broke 6 world records. Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. In later years Inge de Bruijn became a Rotterdam sport icon as triple Olympic Gold medal winner in 2000 and triple European Gold medal winner in 2001.", "answer": "14 time national champ", "sentence": "In her career as 14 time national champ , she broke 6 world records.", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam's swimming tradition started with Marie Braun aka Zus (sister) Braun, who was coached to a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. <hl> In her career as 14 time national champ , she broke 6 world records. <hl> Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. In later years Inge de Bruijn became a Rotterdam sport icon as triple Olympic Gold medal winner in 2000 and triple European Gold medal winner in 2001.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam's swimming tradition started with Marie Braun aka Zus (sister) Braun, who was coached to a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. In her career as <hl> 14 time national champ <hl>, she broke 6 world records. Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. In later years Inge de Bruijn became a Rotterdam sport icon as triple Olympic Gold medal winner in 2000 and triple European Gold medal winner in 2001.", "sentence_answer": "In her career as <hl> 14 time national champ <hl> , she broke 6 world records.", "paragraph_id": "5d6730922b22cd4dfcfbf219"}
{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712412b22cd4dfcfbed7f"}
{"question": "What is another name for myocardial infarction?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "answer": "myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack).", "sentence": "Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. <hl> Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and <hl> myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). <hl> Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "sentence_answer": "Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and <hl> myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). <hl> Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "paragraph_id": "5d660f0d2b22cd4dfcfbd756"}
{"question": "What was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass?", "paragraph": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass.  Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's.  Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty.  Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal.  A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "answer": "The Amen Break", "sentence": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass. <hl> Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's. Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty. Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal. A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Amen Break <hl> was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass. Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's. Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty. Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal. A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Amen Break <hl> was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass.", "paragraph_id": "5d65daa62b22cd4dfcfbcf2e"}
{"question": "how many were lethal?", "paragraph": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "answer": "155", "sentence": "In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. <hl> In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. <hl> The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which <hl> 155 <hl> were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "sentence_answer": "In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which <hl> 155 <hl> were lethal.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672fb2b22cd4dfcfbdf5b"}
{"question": "What portion of all district council members represent their districts in the Municipal Council?", "paragraph": "District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts. They each maintain their own budgets, although the metropolitan mayor reserves the right to review district decisions. One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. All members of the district councils and the Municipal Council, including the metropolitan mayor, are elected to five-year terms. Representing the Justice and Development Party, Kadir Topba\u015f has been Mayor of Istanbul since March 2004.", "answer": "One-fifth", "sentence": "One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council.", "paragraph_sentence": "District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts. They each maintain their own budgets, although the metropolitan mayor reserves the right to review district decisions. <hl> One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. <hl> All members of the district councils and the Municipal Council, including the metropolitan mayor, are elected to five-year terms. Representing the Justice and Development Party, Kadir Topba\u015f has been Mayor of Istanbul since March 2004.", "paragraph_answer": "District councils are chiefly responsible for waste management and construction projects within their respective districts. They each maintain their own budgets, although the metropolitan mayor reserves the right to review district decisions. <hl> One-fifth <hl> of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. All members of the district councils and the Municipal Council, including the metropolitan mayor, are elected to five-year terms. Representing the Justice and Development Party, Kadir Topba\u015f has been Mayor of Istanbul since March 2004.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> One-fifth <hl> of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8e92b22cd4dfcfbd22e"}
{"question": "Who did Henry White sell the paper to?", "paragraph": "The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. Its founder, Henry White, chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers. On 20 October 1822 it was reborn as The Sunday Times, although it had no relationship with The Times. In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey, a radical politician.", "answer": "Daniel Whittle Harvey", "sentence": "In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey , a radical politician.", "paragraph_sentence": "The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. Its founder, Henry White, chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers. On 20 October 1822 it was reborn as The Sunday Times, although it had no relationship with The Times. <hl> In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey , a radical politician. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. Its founder, Henry White, chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers. On 20 October 1822 it was reborn as The Sunday Times, although it had no relationship with The Times. In January 1823, White sold the paper to <hl> Daniel Whittle Harvey <hl>, a radical politician.", "sentence_answer": "In January 1823, White sold the paper to <hl> Daniel Whittle Harvey <hl> , a radical politician.", "paragraph_id": "5d682b7f2b22cd4dfcfc0632"}
{"question": "How many people died through means of the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff?", "paragraph": "During World War II, Germany reclaimed all of the southern and much of the eastern shore by occupying Poland and the Baltic states. In 1945, the Baltic Sea became a mass grave for retreating soldiers and refugees on torpedoed troop transports. The sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff remains the worst maritime disaster in history, killing (very roughly) 9,000 people. In 2005, a Russian group of scientists found over five thousand airplane wrecks, sunken warships, and other material, mainly from World War II, on the bottom of the sea.", "answer": "(very roughly) 9,000", "sentence": "The sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff remains the worst maritime disaster in history, killing (very roughly) 9,000 people.", "paragraph_sentence": "During World War II, Germany reclaimed all of the southern and much of the eastern shore by occupying Poland and the Baltic states. In 1945, the Baltic Sea became a mass grave for retreating soldiers and refugees on torpedoed troop transports. <hl> The sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff remains the worst maritime disaster in history, killing (very roughly) 9,000 people. <hl> In 2005, a Russian group of scientists found over five thousand airplane wrecks, sunken warships, and other material, mainly from World War II, on the bottom of the sea.", "paragraph_answer": "During World War II, Germany reclaimed all of the southern and much of the eastern shore by occupying Poland and the Baltic states. In 1945, the Baltic Sea became a mass grave for retreating soldiers and refugees on torpedoed troop transports. The sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff remains the worst maritime disaster in history, killing <hl> (very roughly) 9,000 <hl> people. In 2005, a Russian group of scientists found over five thousand airplane wrecks, sunken warships, and other material, mainly from World War II, on the bottom of the sea.", "sentence_answer": "The sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff remains the worst maritime disaster in history, killing <hl> (very roughly) 9,000 <hl> people.", "paragraph_id": "5d663d852b22cd4dfcfbdb5b"}
{"question": "In which year the Prohibitory Act was enacted?", "paragraph": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "answer": "1775", "sentence": "In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act ( 1775 ).", "paragraph_sentence": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). <hl> In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act ( 1775 ). <hl> By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "paragraph_answer": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (<hl> 1775 <hl>). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "sentence_answer": "In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act ( <hl> 1775 <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d67715e2b22cd4dfcfbfbe2"}
{"question": "When did the sites start charging for access?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times has its own website. It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities. Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "answer": "July 2010", "sentence": "Since July 2010 , the sites have charged for access.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sunday Times has its own website. It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities. <hl> Since July 2010 , the sites have charged for access. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times has its own website. It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities. Since <hl> July 2010 <hl>, the sites have charged for access.", "sentence_answer": "Since <hl> July 2010 <hl> , the sites have charged for access.", "paragraph_id": "5d6733952b22cd4dfcfbf265"}
{"question": "What is the most eastern latitude of The Baltic Sea?", "paragraph": "The Baltic Sea (German: Ostsee; Polish: Morze Ba\u0142tyckie; Russian: \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435; Danish: \u00d8sters\u00f8en; Swedish: \u00d6stersj\u00f6n; Lithuanian: Baltijos j\u016bra; Latvian: Baltijas j\u016bra; Estonian: L\u00e4\u00e4nemeri; Finnish: It\u00e4meri) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gda\u0144sk. The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to 66\u00b0N latitude and from 10\u00b0E to 30\u00b0E longitude. A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of \u00d8resund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.", "answer": "30\u00b0E", "sentence": "The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to 66\u00b0N latitude and from 10\u00b0E to 30\u00b0E longitude.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Baltic Sea (German: Ostsee; Polish: Morze Ba\u0142tyckie; Russian: \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435; Danish: \u00d8sters\u00f8en; Swedish: \u00d6stersj\u00f6n; Lithuanian: Baltijos j\u016bra; Latvian: Baltijas j\u016bra; Estonian: L\u00e4\u00e4nemeri; Finnish: It\u00e4meri) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gda\u0144sk. <hl> The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to 66\u00b0N latitude and from 10\u00b0E to 30\u00b0E longitude. <hl> A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of \u00d8resund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.", "paragraph_answer": "The Baltic Sea (German: Ostsee; Polish: Morze Ba\u0142tyckie; Russian: \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435; Danish: \u00d8sters\u00f8en; Swedish: \u00d6stersj\u00f6n; Lithuanian: Baltijos j\u016bra; Latvian: Baltijas j\u016bra; Estonian: L\u00e4\u00e4nemeri; Finnish: It\u00e4meri) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gda\u0144sk. The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to 66\u00b0N latitude and from 10\u00b0E to <hl> 30\u00b0E <hl> longitude. A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of \u00d8resund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.", "sentence_answer": "The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to 66\u00b0N latitude and from 10\u00b0E to <hl> 30\u00b0E <hl> longitude.", "paragraph_id": "5d665abe2b22cd4dfcfbdc7b"}
{"question": "Who established Morris Motors?", "paragraph": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "answer": "William Morris", "sentence": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. <hl> By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "paragraph_answer": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as <hl> William Morris <hl> established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "sentence_answer": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as <hl> William Morris <hl> established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d6761932b22cd4dfcfbf958"}
{"question": "What change did the state law bring during Weicker's administration?", "paragraph": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties.", "answer": "in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties", "sentence": "A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties .", "paragraph_sentence": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. <hl> A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In short, most winning candidates have won the endorsement of the applicable \"major\"-party convention; nearly all of the rest have won with a \"professionally managed\" primary-election campaign; and successful minor-party candidates are almost without exception major-party figures like Lowell Weicker whose minor parties disappear after that success. A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that <hl> in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "A Connecticut Party, which Weicker founded, became nominally the leading major party, and state law was changed during his administration to provide that <hl> in a situation such as his win, the top \"three\" parties in the governor's race all became major parties <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6683732b22cd4dfcfbe169"}
{"question": "Statins last about how long?", "paragraph": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "answer": "one year", "sentence": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year , which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year , which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. <hl> The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "paragraph_answer": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of <hl> one year <hl>, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "sentence_answer": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of <hl> one year <hl> , which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids.", "paragraph_id": "5d662e242b22cd4dfcfbdaae"}
{"question": "What was the the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria's stance apologizing?", "paragraph": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "answer": "cannot continue to blame the white men", "sentence": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men , as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men , as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. <hl> In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We <hl> cannot continue to blame the white men <hl>, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "sentence_answer": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We <hl> cannot continue to blame the white men <hl> , as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless.", "paragraph_id": "5d6687752b22cd4dfcfbe1f0"}
{"question": "Neurotransmitter anandamide is what type of fatty acid?", "paragraph": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "answer": "fatty amides", "sentence": "Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides .", "paragraph_sentence": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. <hl> Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides . <hl> Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "paragraph_answer": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and <hl> fatty amides <hl>. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "sentence_answer": "Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and <hl> fatty amides <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67d9742b22cd4dfcfc031d"}
{"question": "was the clergy seen as a communist sympathizer?", "paragraph": "The division between the two sees intensified during the Soviet period and to some extent reflected the politics of the Cold War.  The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) Dashnaktsutyun social democratic political party that had dominated the independent Republic of Armenia from 1918 to 1920 and was active in the diaspora, saw the Church and clergy, with its worldwide headquarters at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin in the Soviet Republic of Armenia, as a captive Communist puppet, and accused its clergy in the US as unduly influenced by Communists, particularly as the clergy were reluctant to participate in nationalist events and memorials that could be perceived as anti-Soviet. On December 24, 1933, a group of assassins attacked Eastern Diocese Archbishop Levon Tourian as he walked down the aisle of Holy Cross Armenian Church in the Washington Heights neighborhood of New York City during the Divine Liturgy, and killed him with a butcher's knife.  Nine ARF members were later arrested, tried and convicted.  The incident divided the Armenian community, as ARF sympathizers established congregations independent of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, declaring loyalty instead to the See based in Antelias in Lebanon.  The division was formalized in 1956 when the Antelias (Cilisian) See broke away from the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin See.", "answer": "clergy were reluctant to participate in nationalist events and memorials that could be perceived as anti-Soviet", "sentence": " The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) Dashnaktsutyun social democratic political party that had dominated the independent Republic of Armenia from 1918 to 1920 and was active in the diaspora, saw the Church and clergy, with its worldwide headquarters at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin in the Soviet Republic of Armenia, as a captive Communist puppet, and accused its clergy in the US as unduly influenced by Communists, particularly as the clergy were reluctant to participate in nationalist events and memorials that could be perceived as anti-Soviet .", "paragraph_sentence": "The division between the two sees intensified during the Soviet period and to some extent reflected the politics of the Cold War. <hl> The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) Dashnaktsutyun social democratic political party that had dominated the independent Republic of Armenia from 1918 to 1920 and was active in the diaspora, saw the Church and clergy, with its worldwide headquarters at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin in the Soviet Republic of Armenia, as a captive Communist puppet, and accused its clergy in the US as unduly influenced by Communists, particularly as the clergy were reluctant to participate in nationalist events and memorials that could be perceived as anti-Soviet . <hl> On December 24, 1933, a group of assassins attacked Eastern Diocese Archbishop Levon Tourian as he walked down the aisle of Holy Cross Armenian Church in the Washington Heights neighborhood of New York City during the Divine Liturgy, and killed him with a butcher's knife. Nine ARF members were later arrested, tried and convicted. The incident divided the Armenian community, as ARF sympathizers established congregations independent of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, declaring loyalty instead to the See based in Antelias in Lebanon. The division was formalized in 1956 when the Antelias (Cilisian) See broke away from the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin See.", "paragraph_answer": "The division between the two sees intensified during the Soviet period and to some extent reflected the politics of the Cold War. The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) Dashnaktsutyun social democratic political party that had dominated the independent Republic of Armenia from 1918 to 1920 and was active in the diaspora, saw the Church and clergy, with its worldwide headquarters at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin in the Soviet Republic of Armenia, as a captive Communist puppet, and accused its clergy in the US as unduly influenced by Communists, particularly as the <hl> clergy were reluctant to participate in nationalist events and memorials that could be perceived as anti-Soviet <hl>. On December 24, 1933, a group of assassins attacked Eastern Diocese Archbishop Levon Tourian as he walked down the aisle of Holy Cross Armenian Church in the Washington Heights neighborhood of New York City during the Divine Liturgy, and killed him with a butcher's knife. Nine ARF members were later arrested, tried and convicted. The incident divided the Armenian community, as ARF sympathizers established congregations independent of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, declaring loyalty instead to the See based in Antelias in Lebanon. The division was formalized in 1956 when the Antelias (Cilisian) See broke away from the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin See.", "sentence_answer": " The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) Dashnaktsutyun social democratic political party that had dominated the independent Republic of Armenia from 1918 to 1920 and was active in the diaspora, saw the Church and clergy, with its worldwide headquarters at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin in the Soviet Republic of Armenia, as a captive Communist puppet, and accused its clergy in the US as unduly influenced by Communists, particularly as the <hl> clergy were reluctant to participate in nationalist events and memorials that could be perceived as anti-Soviet <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6573eb2b22cd4dfcfbc8fb"}
{"question": "What were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations of structuralist ideas called?", "paragraph": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "answer": "Post-structuralists", "sentence": "It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \" Post-structuralists \" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. <hl> It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \" Post-structuralists \" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. <hl> Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "paragraph_answer": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"<hl> Post-structuralists <hl>\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "sentence_answer": "It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \" <hl> Post-structuralists <hl> \" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ca1a2b22cd4dfcfc022f"}
{"question": "What elements can Tin be attacked by?", "paragraph": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "answer": "acids and alkalis", "sentence": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis . <hl> Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by <hl> acids and alkalis <hl>. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by <hl> acids and alkalis <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef172b22cd4dfcfbe5e1"}
{"question": "What is the name for a function's set of inputs?", "paragraph": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. Sometimes the codomain is called the function's \"range\", but more commonly the word \"range\" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). For example, we could define a function using the rule f(x) = x2 by saying that the domain and codomain are the real numbers, and that the graph consists of all pairs of real numbers (x, x2).  The image of this function is the set of non-negative real numbers.  Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called function spaces, the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "answer": "domain", "sentence": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain ; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the domain ; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. <hl> Sometimes the codomain is called the function's \"range\", but more commonly the word \"range\" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). For example, we could define a function using the rule f(x) = x2 by saying that the domain and codomain are the real numbers, and that the graph consists of all pairs of real numbers (x, x2). The image of this function is the set of non-negative real numbers. Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called function spaces, the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "paragraph_answer": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the <hl> domain <hl>; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph. Sometimes the codomain is called the function's \"range\", but more commonly the word \"range\" is used to mean, instead, specifically the set of outputs (this is also called the image of the function). For example, we could define a function using the rule f(x) = x2 by saying that the domain and codomain are the real numbers, and that the graph consists of all pairs of real numbers (x, x2). The image of this function is the set of non-negative real numbers. Collections of functions with the same domain and the same codomain are called function spaces, the properties of which are studied in such mathematical disciplines as real analysis, complex analysis, and functional analysis.", "sentence_answer": "In modern mathematics, a function is defined by its set of inputs, called the <hl> domain <hl> ; a set containing the set of outputs, and possibly additional elements, as members, called its codomain; and the set of all input-output pairs, called its graph.", "paragraph_id": "5d6684b72b22cd4dfcfbe180"}
{"question": "What was HUD's budget reduced to by 1989?", "paragraph": "Most notable were cuts to federal low-income housing programs. An advocacy group claims that Congress halved the budget for public housing and Section 8 (the government's housing voucher subsidization program) and that between the years of 1980 and 1989 HUD's budget authority was reduced from $74 billion to $19 billion. Such alleged changes is claimed to have resulted in an inadequate supply of affordable housing to meet the growing demand of low-income populations. In 1970 there were 300,000 more low-cost rental units (6.5 million) than low-income renter households (6.2 million). By 1985, the advocacy group claimed that the number of low-cost units had fallen to 5.6 million, and the number of low-income renter households had grown to 8.9 million, a disparity of 3.3 million units", "answer": "$19 billion", "sentence": "An advocacy group claims that Congress halved the budget for public housing and Section 8 (the government's housing voucher subsidization program) and that between the years of 1980 and 1989 HUD's budget authority was reduced from $74 billion to $19 billion .", "paragraph_sentence": "Most notable were cuts to federal low-income housing programs. <hl> An advocacy group claims that Congress halved the budget for public housing and Section 8 (the government's housing voucher subsidization program) and that between the years of 1980 and 1989 HUD's budget authority was reduced from $74 billion to $19 billion . <hl> Such alleged changes is claimed to have resulted in an inadequate supply of affordable housing to meet the growing demand of low-income populations. In 1970 there were 300,000 more low-cost rental units (6.5 million) than low-income renter households (6.2 million). By 1985, the advocacy group claimed that the number of low-cost units had fallen to 5.6 million, and the number of low-income renter households had grown to 8.9 million, a disparity of 3.3 million units", "paragraph_answer": "Most notable were cuts to federal low-income housing programs. An advocacy group claims that Congress halved the budget for public housing and Section 8 (the government's housing voucher subsidization program) and that between the years of 1980 and 1989 HUD's budget authority was reduced from $74 billion to <hl> $19 billion <hl>. Such alleged changes is claimed to have resulted in an inadequate supply of affordable housing to meet the growing demand of low-income populations. In 1970 there were 300,000 more low-cost rental units (6.5 million) than low-income renter households (6.2 million). By 1985, the advocacy group claimed that the number of low-cost units had fallen to 5.6 million, and the number of low-income renter households had grown to 8.9 million, a disparity of 3.3 million units", "sentence_answer": "An advocacy group claims that Congress halved the budget for public housing and Section 8 (the government's housing voucher subsidization program) and that between the years of 1980 and 1989 HUD's budget authority was reduced from $74 billion to <hl> $19 billion <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660fa72b22cd4dfcfbd761"}
{"question": "How many sections make up the University of Pittsburgh's main campus?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex. The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east. Although generally within walking distance, the university also runs a bus and shuttle service between various campus locations and bordering neighborhoods.", "answer": "four", "sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains four contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex. <hl> The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east. Although generally within walking distance, the university also runs a bus and shuttle service between various campus locations and bordering neighborhoods.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains <hl> four <hl> contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex. The campus is bordered by Darragh Street/McKee Place to the west and Bellefield Avenue/Dithridge Street to the east; Forbes and Fifth avenues traverse the campus from west to east. Although generally within walking distance, the university also runs a bus and shuttle service between various campus locations and bordering neighborhoods.", "sentence_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus contains <hl> four <hl> contiguous sections: upper (sports complexes, residence halls); mid (Benedum, Chevron, Allen and Thaw Halls); lower (Cathedral of Learning, Union, Posvar Hall); and on the west end of campus, the medical center complex.", "paragraph_id": "5d6831872b22cd4dfcfc065a"}
{"question": "How does the Khajuraho temple show high relief?", "paragraph": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "answer": "voluptuous twisting figures", "sentence": "The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. <hl> The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. <hl> In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "paragraph_answer": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying <hl> voluptuous twisting figures <hl> that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "sentence_answer": "The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying <hl> voluptuous twisting figures <hl> that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fdf92b22cd4dfcfc04f9"}
{"question": "What's the symbol for Tin?", "paragraph": "Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both neighboring group-14 elements, germanium and lead, and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4. Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with 10 stable isotopes, the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table. It is a silvery, malleable other metal that is not easily oxidized in air, obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite where it occurs as tin dioxide, SnO2.", "answer": "symbol Sn", "sentence": "Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50. <hl> It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both neighboring group-14 elements, germanium and lead, and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4. Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with 10 stable isotopes, the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table. It is a silvery, malleable other metal that is not easily oxidized in air, obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite where it occurs as tin dioxide, SnO2.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin is a chemical element with the <hl> symbol Sn <hl> (for Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both neighboring group-14 elements, germanium and lead, and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4. Tin is the 49th most abundant element and has, with 10 stable isotopes, the largest number of stable isotopes in the periodic table. It is a silvery, malleable other metal that is not easily oxidized in air, obtained chiefly from the mineral cassiterite where it occurs as tin dioxide, SnO2.", "sentence_answer": "Tin is a chemical element with the <hl> symbol Sn <hl> (for Latin: stannum) and atomic number 50.", "paragraph_id": "5d66eac72b22cd4dfcfbe530"}
{"question": "What type of patients did Paul Broca work with?", "paragraph": "In parallel with this research, work with brain-damaged patients by Paul Broca suggested that certain regions of the brain were responsible for certain functions. At the time, Broca's findings were seen as a confirmation of Franz Joseph Gall's theory that language was localized and that certain psychological functions were localized in specific areas of the cerebral cortex. The localization of function hypothesis was supported by observations of epileptic patients conducted by John Hughlings Jackson, who correctly inferred the organization of the motor cortex by watching the progression of seizures through the body. Carl Wernicke further developed the theory of the specialization of specific brain structures in language comprehension and production. Modern research through neuroimaging techniques, still uses the Brodmann cerebral cytoarchitectonic map (referring to study of cell structure) anatomical definitions from this era in continuing to show that distinct areas of the cortex are activated in the execution of specific tasks.", "answer": "brain-damaged", "sentence": "In parallel with this research, work with brain-damaged patients by Paul Broca suggested that certain regions of the brain were responsible for certain functions.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In parallel with this research, work with brain-damaged patients by Paul Broca suggested that certain regions of the brain were responsible for certain functions. <hl> At the time, Broca's findings were seen as a confirmation of Franz Joseph Gall's theory that language was localized and that certain psychological functions were localized in specific areas of the cerebral cortex. The localization of function hypothesis was supported by observations of epileptic patients conducted by John Hughlings Jackson, who correctly inferred the organization of the motor cortex by watching the progression of seizures through the body. Carl Wernicke further developed the theory of the specialization of specific brain structures in language comprehension and production. Modern research through neuroimaging techniques, still uses the Brodmann cerebral cytoarchitectonic map (referring to study of cell structure) anatomical definitions from this era in continuing to show that distinct areas of the cortex are activated in the execution of specific tasks.", "paragraph_answer": "In parallel with this research, work with <hl> brain-damaged <hl> patients by Paul Broca suggested that certain regions of the brain were responsible for certain functions. At the time, Broca's findings were seen as a confirmation of Franz Joseph Gall's theory that language was localized and that certain psychological functions were localized in specific areas of the cerebral cortex. The localization of function hypothesis was supported by observations of epileptic patients conducted by John Hughlings Jackson, who correctly inferred the organization of the motor cortex by watching the progression of seizures through the body. Carl Wernicke further developed the theory of the specialization of specific brain structures in language comprehension and production. Modern research through neuroimaging techniques, still uses the Brodmann cerebral cytoarchitectonic map (referring to study of cell structure) anatomical definitions from this era in continuing to show that distinct areas of the cortex are activated in the execution of specific tasks.", "sentence_answer": "In parallel with this research, work with <hl> brain-damaged <hl> patients by Paul Broca suggested that certain regions of the brain were responsible for certain functions.", "paragraph_id": "5d670bfa2b22cd4dfcfbec00"}
{"question": "What is based in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Today, Istanbul hosts a wide variety of periodicals. Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions. Istanbul-based Zaman, although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. Posta, H\u00fcrriyet, and S\u00f6zc\u00fc, which round out the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 300,000 weekly sales each. H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since 1961, but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Habert\u00fcrk and Milliyet, are also based in Istanbul.", "answer": "Most nationwide newspapers", "sentence": "Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Today, Istanbul hosts a wide variety of periodicals. <hl> Most nationwide newspapers are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions. <hl> Istanbul-based Zaman, although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. Posta, H\u00fcrriyet, and S\u00f6zc\u00fc, which round out the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 300,000 weekly sales each. H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since 1961, but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Habert\u00fcrk and Milliyet, are also based in Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "Today, Istanbul hosts a wide variety of periodicals. <hl> Most nationwide newspapers <hl> are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions. Istanbul-based Zaman, although only founded in 1986, is Turkey's most widely circulated paper, with a weekly distribution of more than one million, twice that of its nearest competitor. Posta, H\u00fcrriyet, and S\u00f6zc\u00fc, which round out the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 300,000 weekly sales each. H\u00fcrriyet's English-language edition, The H\u00fcrriyet Daily News, has been printed since 1961, but the English-language Today's Zaman, first published by Zaman in 2007, has overtaken it in circulation. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Habert\u00fcrk and Milliyet, are also based in Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Most nationwide newspapers <hl> are based in Istanbul, with simultaneous Ankara and \u0130zmir editions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607712b22cd4dfcfbd61c"}
{"question": "What type of biologists believe morality is result of evolutionary forces?", "paragraph": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "answer": "evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists", "sentence": "Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists , believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory).", "paragraph_sentence": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. <hl> Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists , believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). <hl> Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "paragraph_answer": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. Some <hl> evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists <hl>, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "sentence_answer": "Some <hl> evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists <hl> , believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory).", "paragraph_id": "5d6755f32b22cd4dfcfbf76b"}
{"question": "Where was Byzantium located?", "paragraph": "The history of the city proper begins around 660 BCE,[a] when Greek settlers from Megara established Byzantium on the European side of the Bosphorus. The settlers built an acropolis adjacent to the Golden Horn on the site of the early Thracian settlements, fueling the nascent city's economy. The city experienced a brief period of Persian rule at the turn of the 5th century BCE, but the Greeks recaptured it during the Greco-Persian Wars. Byzantium then continued as part of the Athenian League and its successor, the Second Athenian Empire, before gaining independence in 355 BCE. Long allied with the Romans, Byzantium officially became a part of the Roman Empire in 73 CE. Byzantium's decision to side with the Roman usurper Pescennius Niger against Emperor Septimius Severus cost it dearly; by the time it surrendered at the end of 195 CE, two years of siege had left the city devastated. Five years later, Severus began to rebuild Byzantium, and the city regained\u2014and, by some accounts, surpassed\u2014its previous prosperity.", "answer": "the European side of the Bosphorus", "sentence": "The history of the city proper begins around 660 BCE,[a] when Greek settlers from Megara established Byzantium on the European side of the Bosphorus .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The history of the city proper begins around 660 BCE,[a] when Greek settlers from Megara established Byzantium on the European side of the Bosphorus . <hl> The settlers built an acropolis adjacent to the Golden Horn on the site of the early Thracian settlements, fueling the nascent city's economy. The city experienced a brief period of Persian rule at the turn of the 5th century BCE, but the Greeks recaptured it during the Greco-Persian Wars. Byzantium then continued as part of the Athenian League and its successor, the Second Athenian Empire, before gaining independence in 355 BCE. Long allied with the Romans, Byzantium officially became a part of the Roman Empire in 73 CE. Byzantium's decision to side with the Roman usurper Pescennius Niger against Emperor Septimius Severus cost it dearly; by the time it surrendered at the end of 195 CE, two years of siege had left the city devastated. Five years later, Severus began to rebuild Byzantium, and the city regained\u2014and, by some accounts, surpassed\u2014its previous prosperity.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of the city proper begins around 660 BCE,[a] when Greek settlers from Megara established Byzantium on <hl> the European side of the Bosphorus <hl>. The settlers built an acropolis adjacent to the Golden Horn on the site of the early Thracian settlements, fueling the nascent city's economy. The city experienced a brief period of Persian rule at the turn of the 5th century BCE, but the Greeks recaptured it during the Greco-Persian Wars. Byzantium then continued as part of the Athenian League and its successor, the Second Athenian Empire, before gaining independence in 355 BCE. Long allied with the Romans, Byzantium officially became a part of the Roman Empire in 73 CE. Byzantium's decision to side with the Roman usurper Pescennius Niger against Emperor Septimius Severus cost it dearly; by the time it surrendered at the end of 195 CE, two years of siege had left the city devastated. Five years later, Severus began to rebuild Byzantium, and the city regained\u2014and, by some accounts, surpassed\u2014its previous prosperity.", "sentence_answer": "The history of the city proper begins around 660 BCE,[a] when Greek settlers from Megara established Byzantium on <hl> the European side of the Bosphorus <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3e02b22cd4dfcfbcc2c"}
{"question": "Who else helped with the organizations of programs and housing for the homeless in collaboration with the library?", "paragraph": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "answer": "nonprofit organizations", "sentence": "Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009).", "paragraph_sentence": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. <hl> Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). <hl> After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "paragraph_answer": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. Collaborations with <hl> nonprofit organizations <hl> in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "sentence_answer": "Collaborations with <hl> nonprofit organizations <hl> in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009).", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1fb2b22cd4dfcfbd387"}
{"question": "Where are location names thought to be derived from?", "paragraph": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "answer": "the inhabited location associated with the person given that name", "sentence": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name . <hl> Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "paragraph_answer": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from <hl> the inhabited location associated with the person given that name <hl>. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "sentence_answer": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from <hl> the inhabited location associated with the person given that name <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6739a42b22cd4dfcfbf300"}
{"question": "Where is the CHP the strongest?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has voted for the winning party in general elections since 1995. Since 2002, the right-wing Justice and Development Party (AKP) has won pluralities in every general and local election. The city's electorate has also voted for the AKP government's constitutional reforms proposed during the 2007 and 2010 constitutional referenda. Turkish President and former AKP Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan was elected Mayor of \u0130stanbul in the 1994 local elections as the Islamist Welfare Party candidate with 25.1% of the vote, winning due to a vote split between the mainstream centrist parties. Conservative parties traditionally find support in older districts with high population densities such as Ba\u011fc\u0131lar, Fatih, Sultanbeyli and Esenler. The opposition Kemalist center-left Republican People's Party (CHP), currently the second major political force in both \u0130stanbul and the country, gets most of its support from more rural districts such as Silivri, \u00c7atalca and Sar\u0131yer. Urban districts such as Be\u015fikta\u015f, Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y, \u015ei\u015fli and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y have returned strong support for the CHP in past elections. The CHP are generally strongest in the west, where newer residential developments are taking place. \u0130stanbul has 39 districts, more than any other province in Turkey. Since \u0130stanbul is Turkey's largest city and has usually voted in the same way as the country as a whole, it is largely perceived in Turkish politics that the winning party of an election is essentially decided by \u0130stanbul's electorate. Political parties thus allocate substantial amounts of electoral campaign funds and to winning control of the \u0130stanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Due to its electoral importance, \u0130stanbul has reported the largest and most serious cases of electoral fraud in recent elections, including the 2014 local elections.", "answer": "in the west", "sentence": "The CHP are generally strongest in the west , where newer residential developments are taking place.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has voted for the winning party in general elections since 1995. Since 2002, the right-wing Justice and Development Party (AKP) has won pluralities in every general and local election. The city's electorate has also voted for the AKP government's constitutional reforms proposed during the 2007 and 2010 constitutional referenda. Turkish President and former AKP Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan was elected Mayor of \u0130stanbul in the 1994 local elections as the Islamist Welfare Party candidate with 25.1% of the vote, winning due to a vote split between the mainstream centrist parties. Conservative parties traditionally find support in older districts with high population densities such as Ba\u011fc\u0131lar, Fatih, Sultanbeyli and Esenler. The opposition Kemalist center-left Republican People's Party (CHP), currently the second major political force in both \u0130stanbul and the country, gets most of its support from more rural districts such as Silivri, \u00c7atalca and Sar\u0131yer. Urban districts such as Be\u015fikta\u015f, Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y, \u015ei\u015fli and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y have returned strong support for the CHP in past elections. <hl> The CHP are generally strongest in the west , where newer residential developments are taking place. <hl> \u0130stanbul has 39 districts, more than any other province in Turkey. Since \u0130stanbul is Turkey's largest city and has usually voted in the same way as the country as a whole, it is largely perceived in Turkish politics that the winning party of an election is essentially decided by \u0130stanbul's electorate. Political parties thus allocate substantial amounts of electoral campaign funds and to winning control of the \u0130stanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Due to its electoral importance, \u0130stanbul has reported the largest and most serious cases of electoral fraud in recent elections, including the 2014 local elections.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has voted for the winning party in general elections since 1995. Since 2002, the right-wing Justice and Development Party (AKP) has won pluralities in every general and local election. The city's electorate has also voted for the AKP government's constitutional reforms proposed during the 2007 and 2010 constitutional referenda. Turkish President and former AKP Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan was elected Mayor of \u0130stanbul in the 1994 local elections as the Islamist Welfare Party candidate with 25.1% of the vote, winning due to a vote split between the mainstream centrist parties. Conservative parties traditionally find support in older districts with high population densities such as Ba\u011fc\u0131lar, Fatih, Sultanbeyli and Esenler. The opposition Kemalist center-left Republican People's Party (CHP), currently the second major political force in both \u0130stanbul and the country, gets most of its support from more rural districts such as Silivri, \u00c7atalca and Sar\u0131yer. Urban districts such as Be\u015fikta\u015f, Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y, \u015ei\u015fli and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y have returned strong support for the CHP in past elections. The CHP are generally strongest <hl> in the west <hl>, where newer residential developments are taking place. \u0130stanbul has 39 districts, more than any other province in Turkey. Since \u0130stanbul is Turkey's largest city and has usually voted in the same way as the country as a whole, it is largely perceived in Turkish politics that the winning party of an election is essentially decided by \u0130stanbul's electorate. Political parties thus allocate substantial amounts of electoral campaign funds and to winning control of the \u0130stanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Due to its electoral importance, \u0130stanbul has reported the largest and most serious cases of electoral fraud in recent elections, including the 2014 local elections.", "sentence_answer": "The CHP are generally strongest <hl> in the west <hl> , where newer residential developments are taking place.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f33b2b22cd4dfcfbe729"}
{"question": "Which version of Windows included support for several different platforms before the introduction of x86 based pc's?", "paragraph": "Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC, DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000. (Although some these platforms implement 64-bit computing, the operating system treated them as 32-bit.) However, Windows 2000, the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. The client line of Window NT family still runs on IA-32, although the Windows Server line has ceased supporting this platform with the release of Windows Server 2008 R2.", "answer": "Windows NT", "sentence": "Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Windows NT included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. <hl> Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC, DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000. (Although some these platforms implement 64-bit computing, the operating system treated them as 32-bit.) However, Windows 2000, the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. The client line of Window NT family still runs on IA-32, although the Windows Server line has ceased supporting this platform with the release of Windows Server 2008 R2.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Windows NT <hl> included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world. Windows NT 4.0 and its predecessors supported PowerPC, DEC Alpha and MIPS R4000. (Although some these platforms implement 64-bit computing, the operating system treated them as 32-bit.) However, Windows 2000, the successor of Windows NT 4.0, dropped support for all platforms except the third generation x86 (known as IA-32) or newer in 32-bit mode. The client line of Window NT family still runs on IA-32, although the Windows Server line has ceased supporting this platform with the release of Windows Server 2008 R2.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Windows NT <hl> included support for several different platforms before the x86-based personal computer became dominant in the professional world.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a9852b22cd4dfcfbff56"}
{"question": "Who states that decentralization is \"more than a process\"?", "paragraph": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "answer": "the United Nations Development Programme", "sentence": "According to the United Nations Development Programme , it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. <hl> According to the United Nations Development Programme , it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" <hl> The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. According to <hl> the United Nations Development Programme <hl>, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "According to <hl> the United Nations Development Programme <hl> , it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d660d132b22cd4dfcfbd72a"}
{"question": "How can one describe the relationship between cardiovascular disease and drinking?", "paragraph": "The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is complex, and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed. There is a direct relationship between high levels of alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease.  Drinking at low levels without episodes of heavy drinking may be associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.\nOverall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits.", "answer": "complex", "sentence": "The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is complex , and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is complex , and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed. <hl> There is a direct relationship between high levels of alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease. Drinking at low levels without episodes of heavy drinking may be associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. Overall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits.", "paragraph_answer": "The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is <hl> complex <hl>, and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed. There is a direct relationship between high levels of alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease. Drinking at low levels without episodes of heavy drinking may be associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. Overall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits.", "sentence_answer": "The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is <hl> complex <hl> , and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1ac2b22cd4dfcfbcbb0"}
{"question": "Which department is not responsible for local government or civil administration?", "paragraph": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "answer": "Department of the Interior", "sentence": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States <hl> Department of the Interior <hl> is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "sentence_answer": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States <hl> Department of the Interior <hl> is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "paragraph_id": "5d67eb5d2b22cd4dfcfc03f6"}
{"question": "The new plant enabled journalists to do what?", "paragraph": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed.  The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "answer": "input copy directly", "sentence": " The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly , was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU).", "paragraph_sentence": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed. <hl> The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly , was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). <hl> The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "paragraph_answer": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed. The plant, which allowed journalists to <hl> input copy directly <hl>, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "sentence_answer": " The plant, which allowed journalists to <hl> input copy directly <hl> , was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU).", "paragraph_id": "5d671aeb2b22cd4dfcfbef66"}
{"question": "Why is the Star Spangled Banner Flag kept in dim light?", "paragraph": "In 1907 Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead\n(the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. Appleton donated the flag with the wish that it would always be on view to the public. In 1994, the National Museum of American History determined that the Star Spangled Banner Flag required further conservation treatment to remain on public display. In 1998 teams of museum conservators, curators, and other specialists helped move the flag from its home in the Museum's Flag Hall into a new conservation laboratory. Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes.", "answer": "conservation purposes", "sentence": "Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1907 Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead (the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. Appleton donated the flag with the wish that it would always be on view to the public. In 1994, the National Museum of American History determined that the Star Spangled Banner Flag required further conservation treatment to remain on public display. In 1998 teams of museum conservators, curators, and other specialists helped move the flag from its home in the Museum's Flag Hall into a new conservation laboratory. <hl> Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1907 Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead (the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. Appleton donated the flag with the wish that it would always be on view to the public. In 1994, the National Museum of American History determined that the Star Spangled Banner Flag required further conservation treatment to remain on public display. In 1998 teams of museum conservators, curators, and other specialists helped move the flag from its home in the Museum's Flag Hall into a new conservation laboratory. Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for <hl> conservation purposes <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for <hl> conservation purposes <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c49b2b22cd4dfcfbcc54"}
{"question": "When did the cultural scene begin to stagnate?", "paragraph": "Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara. The new national government established programs that served to orient Turks toward musical traditions, especially those originating in Europe, but musical institutions and visits by foreign classical artists were primarily centered in the new capital. Much of Turkey's cultural scene had its roots in Istanbul, and by the 1980s and 1990s Istanbul reemerged globally as a city whose cultural significance is not solely based on its past glory.", "answer": "after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara", "sentence": "Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara . <hl> The new national government established programs that served to orient Turks toward musical traditions, especially those originating in Europe, but musical institutions and visits by foreign classical artists were primarily centered in the new capital. Much of Turkey's cultural scene had its roots in Istanbul, and by the 1980s and 1990s Istanbul reemerged globally as a city whose cultural significance is not solely based on its past glory.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated <hl> after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara <hl>. The new national government established programs that served to orient Turks toward musical traditions, especially those originating in Europe, but musical institutions and visits by foreign classical artists were primarily centered in the new capital. Much of Turkey's cultural scene had its roots in Istanbul, and by the 1980s and 1990s Istanbul reemerged globally as a city whose cultural significance is not solely based on its past glory.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated <hl> after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3422b22cd4dfcfbd3aa"}
{"question": "What does the surplus line supose to do ?", "paragraph": "An important artifact of the state-based insurance regulation system in the United States is the dichotomy between admitted and surplus insurers.  Insurers in the U.S. may be \"admitted\", meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner, and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling.  Or they may be \"surplus\", meaning that they are nonadmitted in a particular state but are willing to write coverage there.  Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks.  Although experienced insurance brokers are well aware of what risks an admitted insurer will not accept, they must document a ritual of actually shopping around a risk to several admitted insurers (who will reject it, of course) before applying for coverage with a surplus line insurer.", "answer": "Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks.", "sentence": " Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks.  Although experienced insurance brokers are well aware of what risks an admitted insurer will not accept, they must document a ritual of actually shopping around a risk to several admitted insurers (who will reject it, of course) before applying for coverage with a surplus line insurer.", "paragraph_sentence": "An important artifact of the state-based insurance regulation system in the United States is the dichotomy between admitted and surplus insurers. Insurers in the U.S. may be \"admitted\", meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner, and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling. Or they may be \"surplus\", meaning that they are nonadmitted in a particular state but are willing to write coverage there. <hl> Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks. Although experienced insurance brokers are well aware of what risks an admitted insurer will not accept, they must document a ritual of actually shopping around a risk to several admitted insurers (who will reject it, of course) before applying for coverage with a surplus line insurer. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "An important artifact of the state-based insurance regulation system in the United States is the dichotomy between admitted and surplus insurers. Insurers in the U.S. may be \"admitted\", meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner, and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling. Or they may be \"surplus\", meaning that they are nonadmitted in a particular state but are willing to write coverage there. <hl> Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks. <hl> Although experienced insurance brokers are well aware of what risks an admitted insurer will not accept, they must document a ritual of actually shopping around a risk to several admitted insurers (who will reject it, of course) before applying for coverage with a surplus line insurer.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks. <hl> Although experienced insurance brokers are well aware of what risks an admitted insurer will not accept, they must document a ritual of actually shopping around a risk to several admitted insurers (who will reject it, of course) before applying for coverage with a surplus line insurer.", "paragraph_id": "5d6628b52b22cd4dfcfbda57"}
{"question": "What is an issue that can get in the way of a non-centralized approach?", "paragraph": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "answer": "inadequate financial resources", "sentence": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. <hl> Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "paragraph_answer": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; <hl> inadequate financial resources <hl> available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "sentence_answer": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; <hl> inadequate financial resources <hl> available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources.", "paragraph_id": "5d65df242b22cd4dfcfbd046"}
{"question": "What type of medical equipment is also used in the home for diabetes?", "paragraph": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ;  equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "answer": "Diagnostic Medical Equipment", "sentence": "Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus.", "paragraph_sentence": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. <hl> Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. <hl> A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "paragraph_answer": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; <hl> Diagnostic Medical Equipment <hl> may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "sentence_answer": "Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; <hl> Diagnostic Medical Equipment <hl> may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus.", "paragraph_id": "5d678dc62b22cd4dfcfbfe78"}
{"question": "What is the shortened term for a \"strange habit of abbreviating\"?", "paragraph": "To a greater degree than English does, German tends toward acronyms that use initial syllables rather than initial single letters, although it uses many of the latter type as well. Some examples of the syllabic type are Gestapo rather than GSP (for Geheime Staatspolizei, 'secret state police'); Flak rather than FAK (for Fliegerabwehrkanone, anti-aircraft gun); Kripo rather than KP (for Kriminalpolizei, detective division police). The extension of such contraction to a pervasive or whimsical degree has been mockingly labeled Ak\u00fcfi (for Abk\u00fcrzungsfimmel, strange habit of abbreviating). Examples of Ak\u00fcfi include Vokuhila (for vorne kurz, hinten lang, short in the front, long in the back, i.e., a mullet) and the mocking of Adolf Hitler's title as Gr\u00f6faz (Gr\u00f6\u00dfter Feldherr aller Zeiten, Greatest General of all Times).", "answer": "Abk\u00fcrzungsfimmel", "sentence": "The extension of such contraction to a pervasive or whimsical degree has been mockingly labeled Ak\u00fcfi (for Abk\u00fcrzungsfimmel , strange habit of abbreviating).", "paragraph_sentence": "To a greater degree than English does, German tends toward acronyms that use initial syllables rather than initial single letters, although it uses many of the latter type as well. Some examples of the syllabic type are Gestapo rather than GSP (for Geheime Staatspolizei, 'secret state police'); Flak rather than FAK (for Fliegerabwehrkanone, anti-aircraft gun); Kripo rather than KP (for Kriminalpolizei, detective division police). <hl> The extension of such contraction to a pervasive or whimsical degree has been mockingly labeled Ak\u00fcfi (for Abk\u00fcrzungsfimmel , strange habit of abbreviating). <hl> Examples of Ak\u00fcfi include Vokuhila (for vorne kurz, hinten lang, short in the front, long in the back, i.e., a mullet) and the mocking of Adolf Hitler's title as Gr\u00f6faz (Gr\u00f6\u00dfter Feldherr aller Zeiten, Greatest General of all Times).", "paragraph_answer": "To a greater degree than English does, German tends toward acronyms that use initial syllables rather than initial single letters, although it uses many of the latter type as well. Some examples of the syllabic type are Gestapo rather than GSP (for Geheime Staatspolizei, 'secret state police'); Flak rather than FAK (for Fliegerabwehrkanone, anti-aircraft gun); Kripo rather than KP (for Kriminalpolizei, detective division police). The extension of such contraction to a pervasive or whimsical degree has been mockingly labeled Ak\u00fcfi (for <hl> Abk\u00fcrzungsfimmel <hl>, strange habit of abbreviating). Examples of Ak\u00fcfi include Vokuhila (for vorne kurz, hinten lang, short in the front, long in the back, i.e., a mullet) and the mocking of Adolf Hitler's title as Gr\u00f6faz (Gr\u00f6\u00dfter Feldherr aller Zeiten, Greatest General of all Times).", "sentence_answer": "The extension of such contraction to a pervasive or whimsical degree has been mockingly labeled Ak\u00fcfi (for <hl> Abk\u00fcrzungsfimmel <hl> , strange habit of abbreviating).", "paragraph_id": "5d657d342b22cd4dfcfbc9a4"}
{"question": "What middle ages game was played with a wooden curved bat, a wooden or leather ball, and two poles?", "paragraph": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "answer": "IJscolf", "sentence": "IJscolf , a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age.", "paragraph_sentence": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). <hl> IJscolf , a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. <hl> It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "paragraph_answer": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). <hl> IJscolf <hl>, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "sentence_answer": "<hl> IJscolf <hl> , a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age.", "paragraph_id": "5d6691f92b22cd4dfcfbe2a9"}
{"question": "What is considered the national church of Armenia?", "paragraph": "In 2009, further constitutional amendments were drafted that would make it a crime for non-traditional religious groups to proselytize on adherents of the Apostolic Church. Minority groups would also be banned from spreading 'distrust' in other faiths. These draft amendments were put on hold after strong criticism voiced by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Armenian\nreligious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion\". The Armenian Church defines religious groups operating outside its domain as \"sects\" and, in the words of spokesman Bishop Arshak Khachatrian, considers that \"their activities in Armenia are nothing but a denial of the creed of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is considered the national religion of the Armenian people\". Hrant Bagratyan, former Prime Minister of Armenia, condemned the close association of the Armenian Apostolic Church with the Armenian government, calling the Church an \"untouchable\" organisation that is secretive of its income and expenditure.", "answer": "Armenian Apostolic Church", "sentence": "Armenian\nreligious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2009, further constitutional amendments were drafted that would make it a crime for non-traditional religious groups to proselytize on adherents of the Apostolic Church. Minority groups would also be banned from spreading 'distrust' in other faiths. These draft amendments were put on hold after strong criticism voiced by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. <hl> Armenian religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion\". <hl> The Armenian Church defines religious groups operating outside its domain as \"sects\" and, in the words of spokesman Bishop Arshak Khachatrian, considers that \"their activities in Armenia are nothing but a denial of the creed of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is considered the national religion of the Armenian people\". Hrant Bagratyan, former Prime Minister of Armenia, condemned the close association of the Armenian Apostolic Church with the Armenian government, calling the Church an \"untouchable\" organisation that is secretive of its income and expenditure.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2009, further constitutional amendments were drafted that would make it a crime for non-traditional religious groups to proselytize on adherents of the Apostolic Church. Minority groups would also be banned from spreading 'distrust' in other faiths. These draft amendments were put on hold after strong criticism voiced by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Armenian religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the <hl> Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> today wants to have a monopoly on religion\". The Armenian Church defines religious groups operating outside its domain as \"sects\" and, in the words of spokesman Bishop Arshak Khachatrian, considers that \"their activities in Armenia are nothing but a denial of the creed of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is considered the national religion of the Armenian people\". Hrant Bagratyan, former Prime Minister of Armenia, condemned the close association of the Armenian Apostolic Church with the Armenian government, calling the Church an \"untouchable\" organisation that is secretive of its income and expenditure.", "sentence_answer": "Armenian religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the <hl> Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> today wants to have a monopoly on religion\".", "paragraph_id": "5d657c112b22cd4dfcfbc989"}
{"question": "Who hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid-evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries?", "paragraph": "Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons. Other theories are that increasing complexity was simply a correlate of increasing group size and brain size, and in particular the development of theory of mind abilities.", "answer": "Christopher Boehm", "sentence": "Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons. <hl> Other theories are that increasing complexity was simply a correlate of increasing group size and brain size, and in particular the development of theory of mind abilities.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Christopher Boehm <hl> (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons. Other theories are that increasing complexity was simply a correlate of increasing group size and brain size, and in particular the development of theory of mind abilities.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Christopher Boehm <hl> (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons.", "paragraph_id": "5d6766972b22cd4dfcfbf9e9"}
{"question": "Where were millet species widely cultivated?", "paragraph": "Northern China appears to have been the domestication center for foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) with evidence of domestication of these species approximately 8,000 years ago. These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago). Rice was domesticated in southern China later on. Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago. Orange and peach also originated in China. They were cultivated around 2500 BC.", "answer": "the Yellow River basin", "sentence": "These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago).", "paragraph_sentence": "Northern China appears to have been the domestication center for foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) with evidence of domestication of these species approximately 8,000 years ago. <hl> These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago). <hl> Rice was domesticated in southern China later on. Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago. Orange and peach also originated in China. They were cultivated around 2500 BC.", "paragraph_answer": "Northern China appears to have been the domestication center for foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) with evidence of domestication of these species approximately 8,000 years ago. These species were subsequently widely cultivated in <hl> the Yellow River basin <hl> (7,500 years ago). Rice was domesticated in southern China later on. Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago. Orange and peach also originated in China. They were cultivated around 2500 BC.", "sentence_answer": "These species were subsequently widely cultivated in <hl> the Yellow River basin <hl> (7,500 years ago).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2292b22cd4dfcfbe6c8"}
{"question": "Who is a Dutch composer of postmodern music?", "paragraph": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "answer": "Louis Andriessen", "sentence": "The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen , for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. <hl> The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen , for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_answer": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer <hl> Louis Andriessen <hl>, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "sentence_answer": "The works of Dutch composer <hl> Louis Andriessen <hl> , for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724c12b22cd4dfcfbf08e"}
{"question": "When were Armenian intellectuals deported?", "paragraph": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "answer": "24 April 1915", "sentence": "The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915 , in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. <hl> The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915 , in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. <hl> To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "paragraph_answer": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on <hl> 24 April 1915 <hl>, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "sentence_answer": "The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on <hl> 24 April 1915 <hl> , in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c88e2b22cd4dfcfbcd2e"}
{"question": "Which philosophy \"of\" departments at Pitt are renowned?", "paragraph": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "answer": "philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind", "sentence": "Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. <hl> Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and <hl> philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind <hl> and psychology, and semantics.", "sentence_answer": "Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and <hl> philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind <hl> and psychology, and semantics.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b99c2b22cd4dfcfc009a"}
{"question": "When did Connecticut give up the Western Reserve?", "paragraph": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land\nextending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "answer": "Northwest Territory", "sentence": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory . <hl> Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the <hl> Northwest Territory <hl>. Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "sentence_answer": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the <hl> Northwest Territory <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6782f22b22cd4dfcfbfdc1"}
{"question": "Many Japanese surnames are thought to be derived from what?", "paragraph": "Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "answer": "geographical features", "sentence": "Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features ; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many Japanese surnames derive from geographical features ; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many Japanese surnames derive from <hl> geographical features <hl>; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "sentence_answer": "Many Japanese surnames derive from <hl> geographical features <hl> ; for example, Ishikawa (\u77f3\u5ddd) means \"stone river\", Yamamoto (\u5c71\u672c) means \"the base of the mountain\", and Inoue (\u4e95\u4e0a) means \"above the well.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d673c1b2b22cd4dfcfbf394"}
{"question": "What theories of structures did they use?", "paragraph": "Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'. Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. Structures were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.", "answer": "No theory of structures existed", "sentence": "No theory of structures existed , and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. <hl> No theory of structures existed , and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'. <hl> Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. Structures were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. <hl> No theory of structures existed <hl>, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'. Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. Structures were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> No theory of structures existed <hl> , and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'.", "paragraph_id": "5d67601b2b22cd4dfcfbf927"}
{"question": "What district is under the authority of Congress?", "paragraph": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "answer": "District of Columbia (DC)", "sentence": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC) , which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC) , which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. <hl> The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "paragraph_answer": "A separate federal district, the <hl> District of Columbia (DC) <hl>, which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "sentence_answer": "A separate federal district, the <hl> District of Columbia (DC) <hl> , which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ee052b22cd4dfcfc0416"}
{"question": "Who currently actually retrieves some of the discarded material?", "paragraph": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (2,450 lb) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "answer": "fishermen", "sentence": "Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005.", "paragraph_sentence": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. <hl> Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. <hl> This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (2,450 lb) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now <hl> fishermen <hl> accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (2,450 lb) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "Even now <hl> fishermen <hl> accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005.", "paragraph_id": "5d663eb52b22cd4dfcfbdb75"}
{"question": "What was caused by the Nazca and Antarctic Plate sliding under the South American Palte?", "paragraph": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "answer": "The Andean volcanism", "sentence": "The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. <hl> The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. <hl> The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. <hl> The Andean volcanism <hl> is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Andean volcanism <hl> is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate.", "paragraph_id": "5d6696be2b22cd4dfcfbe31b"}
{"question": "What is another term for the humid Andean forests?", "paragraph": "Lake Titicaca hosts several endemics, among them the highly endangered Titicaca flightless grebe and Titicaca water frog. A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"cloud forests\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "answer": "cloud forests", "sentence": "A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\" cloud forests \") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lake Titicaca hosts several endemics, among them the highly endangered Titicaca flightless grebe and Titicaca water frog. <hl> A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\" cloud forests \") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. <hl> These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "paragraph_answer": "Lake Titicaca hosts several endemics, among them the highly endangered Titicaca flightless grebe and Titicaca water frog. A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"<hl> cloud forests <hl>\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "sentence_answer": "A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\" <hl> cloud forests <hl> \") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina.", "paragraph_id": "5d65874f2b22cd4dfcfbca07"}
{"question": "Who is the author of Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "paragraph": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "answer": "Marcus Tanner", "sentence": "Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. <hl> Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to <hl> Marcus Tanner <hl> in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "sentence_answer": "Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to <hl> Marcus Tanner <hl> in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "paragraph_id": "5d6721e62b22cd4dfcfbf016"}
{"question": "What is the northern latitude of The Baltic Sea?", "paragraph": "The Baltic Sea (German: Ostsee; Polish: Morze Ba\u0142tyckie; Russian: \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435; Danish: \u00d8sters\u00f8en; Swedish: \u00d6stersj\u00f6n; Lithuanian: Baltijos j\u016bra; Latvian: Baltijas j\u016bra; Estonian: L\u00e4\u00e4nemeri; Finnish: It\u00e4meri) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gda\u0144sk. The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to 66\u00b0N latitude and from 10\u00b0E to 30\u00b0E longitude. A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of \u00d8resund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.", "answer": "66\u00b0N", "sentence": "The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to 66\u00b0N latitude and from 10\u00b0E to 30\u00b0E longitude.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Baltic Sea (German: Ostsee; Polish: Morze Ba\u0142tyckie; Russian: \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435; Danish: \u00d8sters\u00f8en; Swedish: \u00d6stersj\u00f6n; Lithuanian: Baltijos j\u016bra; Latvian: Baltijas j\u016bra; Estonian: L\u00e4\u00e4nemeri; Finnish: It\u00e4meri) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gda\u0144sk. <hl> The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to 66\u00b0N latitude and from 10\u00b0E to 30\u00b0E longitude. <hl> A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of \u00d8resund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.", "paragraph_answer": "The Baltic Sea (German: Ostsee; Polish: Morze Ba\u0142tyckie; Russian: \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0435; Danish: \u00d8sters\u00f8en; Swedish: \u00d6stersj\u00f6n; Lithuanian: Baltijos j\u016bra; Latvian: Baltijas j\u016bra; Estonian: L\u00e4\u00e4nemeri; Finnish: It\u00e4meri) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, the Baltic countries, and the North European Plain. It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga, and the Bay of Gda\u0144sk. The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to <hl> 66\u00b0N <hl> latitude and from 10\u00b0E to 30\u00b0E longitude. A mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, with limited water exchange between the two bodies, the Baltic Sea drains through the Danish islands into the Kattegat by way of the straits of \u00d8resund, the Great Belt, and the Little Belt.", "sentence_answer": "The sea stretches from 53\u00b0N to <hl> 66\u00b0N <hl> latitude and from 10\u00b0E to 30\u00b0E longitude.", "paragraph_id": "5d665abe2b22cd4dfcfbdc7a"}
{"question": "What is the name of the village Michael E. Arth hopes to build?", "paragraph": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\"  His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "answer": "Tiger Bay Village", "sentence": " His proposed \" Tiger Bay Village \" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village.", "paragraph_sentence": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\" <hl> His proposed \" Tiger Bay Village \" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. <hl> \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "paragraph_answer": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\" His proposed \"<hl> Tiger Bay Village <hl>\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "sentence_answer": " His proposed \" <hl> Tiger Bay Village <hl> \" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village.", "paragraph_id": "5d665d972b22cd4dfcfbdca2"}
{"question": "What is the name of a railway lift bridge that's preserved as a monument?", "paragraph": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas, connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "answer": "De Hef", "sentence": "The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "paragraph_sentence": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas, connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). <hl> The former railway lift bridge De Hef ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "'Rotterdam' is divided into a northern and a southern part by the river Nieuwe Maas, connected by (from west to east): the Beneluxtunnel; the Maastunnel; the Erasmusbrug ('Erasmus Bridge'); a subway tunnel; the Willemsspoortunnel ('Willems railway tunnel'); the Willemsbrug ('Willems Bridge'); the Koninginnebrug ('Queen's Bridge'); and the Van Brienenoordbrug ('Van Brienenoord Bridge'). The former railway lift bridge <hl> De Hef <hl> ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "sentence_answer": "The former railway lift bridge <hl> De Hef <hl> ('the Lift') is preserved as a monument in lifted position between the Noordereiland ('North Island') and the south of Rotterdam.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b70b2b22cd4dfcfc0006"}
{"question": "What building was the world's tallest in 1908?", "paragraph": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with New York City's identity since the end of the 19th century. From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall), with nine different buildings holding the title. The New York World Building on Park Row, was the first to take the title in 1890, standing 309 feet (94 m) until 1955, when it was demolished to construct a new ramp to the Brooklyn Bridge. The nearby Park Row Building, with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899. The 41-story Singer Building, constructed in 1908 as the headquarters of the eponymous sewing machine manufacturer, stood 612 feet (187 m)* high until 1967, when it became the tallest building ever demolished. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, standing 700 feet (210 m) at the foot of Madison Avenue, wrested the title in 1909, with a tower reminiscent of St Mark's Campanile in Venice. The Woolworth Building, and its distinctive Gothic architecture, took the title in 1913, topping off at 792 feet (241 m).", "answer": "Philadelphia City Hall", "sentence": "From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall ), with nine different buildings holding the title.", "paragraph_sentence": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with New York City's identity since the end of the 19th century. <hl> From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by Philadelphia City Hall ), with nine different buildings holding the title. <hl> The New York World Building on Park Row, was the first to take the title in 1890, standing 309 feet (94 m) until 1955, when it was demolished to construct a new ramp to the Brooklyn Bridge. The nearby Park Row Building, with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899. The 41-story Singer Building, constructed in 1908 as the headquarters of the eponymous sewing machine manufacturer, stood 612 feet (187 m)* high until 1967, when it became the tallest building ever demolished. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, standing 700 feet (210 m) at the foot of Madison Avenue, wrested the title in 1909, with a tower reminiscent of St Mark's Campanile in Venice. The Woolworth Building, and its distinctive Gothic architecture, took the title in 1913, topping off at 792 feet (241 m).", "paragraph_answer": "The skyscraper, which has shaped Manhattan's distinctive skyline, has been closely associated with New York City's identity since the end of the 19th century. From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by <hl> Philadelphia City Hall <hl>), with nine different buildings holding the title. The New York World Building on Park Row, was the first to take the title in 1890, standing 309 feet (94 m) until 1955, when it was demolished to construct a new ramp to the Brooklyn Bridge. The nearby Park Row Building, with its 29 stories standing 391 feet (119 m)* high took the title in 1899. The 41-story Singer Building, constructed in 1908 as the headquarters of the eponymous sewing machine manufacturer, stood 612 feet (187 m)* high until 1967, when it became the tallest building ever demolished. The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, standing 700 feet (210 m) at the foot of Madison Avenue, wrested the title in 1909, with a tower reminiscent of St Mark's Campanile in Venice. The Woolworth Building, and its distinctive Gothic architecture, took the title in 1913, topping off at 792 feet (241 m).", "sentence_answer": "From 1890 to 1973, the world's tallest building was in Manhattan (with a gap between 1901 and 1908, when the title was held by <hl> Philadelphia City Hall <hl> ), with nine different buildings holding the title.", "paragraph_id": "5d67244f2b22cd4dfcfbf073"}
{"question": "What started broadcasting on 877 MHz FM?", "paragraph": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005). A local TV station, Six TV: The Oxford Channel was also available but closed in April 2009. The city is home to a BBC TV newsroom which produces an opt-out from the main South Today programme broadcast from Southampton.", "answer": "Oxide: Oxford Student Radio", "sentence": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005). <hl> A local TV station, Six TV: The Oxford Channel was also available but closed in April 2009. The city is home to a BBC TV newsroom which produces an opt-out from the main South Today programme broadcast from Southampton.", "paragraph_answer": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with <hl> Oxide: Oxford Student Radio <hl> (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005). A local TV station, Six TV: The Oxford Channel was also available but closed in April 2009. The city is home to a BBC TV newsroom which produces an opt-out from the main South Today programme broadcast from Southampton.", "sentence_answer": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with <hl> Oxide: Oxford Student Radio <hl> (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005).", "paragraph_id": "5d6739f82b22cd4dfcfbf30c"}
{"question": "Without the Romans, what happened to Latin?", "paragraph": "Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.", "answer": "many words have been changed", "sentence": "Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular.", "paragraph_sentence": "Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. <hl> Furthermore, the meanings of many words have been changed and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. <hl> Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.", "paragraph_answer": "Without the institutions of the Roman empire that had supported its uniformity, medieval Latin lost its linguistic cohesion: for example, in classical Latin sum and eram are used as auxiliary verbs in the perfect and pluperfect passive, which are compound tenses. Medieval Latin might use fui and fueram instead. Furthermore, the meanings of <hl> many words have been changed <hl> and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular. Identifiable individual styles of classically incorrect Latin prevail.", "sentence_answer": "Furthermore, the meanings of <hl> many words have been changed <hl> and new vocabularies have been introduced from the vernacular.", "paragraph_id": "5d6617ed2b22cd4dfcfbd845"}
{"question": "What is the name most associated with the Partisans' during the war?", "paragraph": "In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war. This last official name is the full name most associated with the Partisans, and reflects the fact that the proletarian brigades and other mobile units were organized into the National Liberation Army (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska). The name change also reflects the fact that the latter superseded in importance the partisan detachments themselves.", "answer": "National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia", "sentence": "In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war. <hl> This last official name is the full name most associated with the Partisans, and reflects the fact that the proletarian brigades and other mobile units were organized into the National Liberation Army (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska). The name change also reflects the fact that the latter superseded in importance the partisan detachments themselves.", "paragraph_answer": "In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the <hl> National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia <hl> (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war. This last official name is the full name most associated with the Partisans, and reflects the fact that the proletarian brigades and other mobile units were organized into the National Liberation Army (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska). The name change also reflects the fact that the latter superseded in importance the partisan detachments themselves.", "sentence_answer": "In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the <hl> National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia <hl> (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fada2b22cd4dfcfc04bd"}
{"question": "What fatty acid is important for vision?", "paragraph": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "answer": "Docosahexaenoic acid", "sentence": "Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight.", "paragraph_sentence": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. <hl> Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. <hl> Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "paragraph_answer": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. <hl> Docosahexaenoic acid <hl> is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Docosahexaenoic acid <hl> is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d9742b22cd4dfcfc031b"}
{"question": "What humans first developed immunities to diseases spread by animals?", "paragraph": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "answer": "humans who first domesticated the big mammals", "sentence": "In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. <hl> In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. <hl> In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the <hl> humans who first domesticated the big mammals <hl> quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "sentence_answer": "In concordance with a process of natural selection, the <hl> humans who first domesticated the big mammals <hl> quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d1b62b22cd4dfcfc02aa"}
{"question": "Medical education is how many years old in Taiwan?", "paragraph": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.\nThe first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours.\nClinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years.\nThe duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade.\nTaiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree.  Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "answer": "100 years", "sentence": "\nTaiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now.", "paragraph_sentence": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. <hl> Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. <hl> Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "paragraph_answer": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over <hl> 100 years <hl> old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "sentence_answer": " Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over <hl> 100 years <hl> old now.", "paragraph_id": "5d6655c12b22cd4dfcfbdc38"}
{"question": "Which windows version does not support Windows Update service language pack downloads?", "paragraph": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "answer": "8", "sentence": "Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8 , 8.1 and RT except Single Language).", "paragraph_sentence": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. <hl> Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8 , 8.1 and RT except Single Language). <hl> They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "paragraph_answer": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows <hl> 8 <hl>, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "sentence_answer": "Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows <hl> 8 <hl> , 8.1 and RT except Single Language).", "paragraph_id": "5d67a7bf2b22cd4dfcfbff3e"}
{"question": "Which two states proposed variations of the bicameral legislature?", "paragraph": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787, during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. This plan combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to form a bicameral legislature, a form copied by almost every state constitution since the adoption of the federal constitution. Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey, Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. Otherwise, it is still the design of Congress.", "answer": "Virginia and New Jersey", "sentence": "Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey , Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected.", "paragraph_sentence": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787, during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. This plan combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to form a bicameral legislature, a form copied by almost every state constitution since the adoption of the federal constitution. <hl> Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey , Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. <hl> Otherwise, it is still the design of Congress.", "paragraph_answer": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787, during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. This plan combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to form a bicameral legislature, a form copied by almost every state constitution since the adoption of the federal constitution. Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by <hl> Virginia and New Jersey <hl>, Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. Otherwise, it is still the design of Congress.", "sentence_answer": "Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by <hl> Virginia and New Jersey <hl> , Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected.", "paragraph_id": "5d667d672b22cd4dfcfbe08f"}
{"question": "What do the Pokey awards \"honor\"?", "paragraph": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "answer": "slowest service in New York City", "sentence": "The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City .", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. <hl> The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for <hl> slowest service in New York City <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for <hl> slowest service in New York City <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6710772b22cd4dfcfbed1c"}
{"question": "Who had the power to dissolve the assembly?", "paragraph": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "answer": "The governor", "sentence": "The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly.", "paragraph_sentence": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. <hl> The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. <hl> The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "paragraph_answer": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. <hl> The governor <hl> was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The governor <hl> was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ff442b22cd4dfcfbd52e"}
{"question": "What does cellular neuroscience focus on?", "paragraph": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically. These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "answer": "mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically", "sentence": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically . <hl> These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "paragraph_answer": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the <hl> mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically <hl>. These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "sentence_answer": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the <hl> mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b34f2b22cd4dfcfbffce"}
{"question": "What other court did Oxford house?", "paragraph": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "answer": "Charles II", "sentence": "It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366.", "paragraph_sentence": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. <hl> It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. <hl> Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "paragraph_answer": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of <hl> Charles II <hl> during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "sentence_answer": "It later housed the court of <hl> Charles II <hl> during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366.", "paragraph_id": "5d675e6e2b22cd4dfcfbf8d6"}
{"question": "What are categories businesses can compete with government services on?", "paragraph": "Economic decentralization can be done through privatization of public owned functions and businesses, as described briefly above. But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection. Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations,", "answer": "postal services, schools, garbage collection", "sentence": "But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection .", "paragraph_sentence": "Economic decentralization can be done through privatization of public owned functions and businesses, as described briefly above. <hl> But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, postal services, schools, garbage collection . <hl> Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations,", "paragraph_answer": "Economic decentralization can be done through privatization of public owned functions and businesses, as described briefly above. But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, <hl> postal services, schools, garbage collection <hl>. Even as private companies and corporations have worked to have such services contracted out to or privatized by them, others have worked to have these turned over to non-profit organizations or associations,", "sentence_answer": "But it also is done through deregulation, the abolition of restrictions on businesses competing with government services, for example, <hl> postal services, schools, garbage collection <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3852b22cd4dfcfbcc0a"}
{"question": "When did the National Hockey Association stop?", "paragraph": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917, the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924, followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. Following these teams were the New York Rangers, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Detroit Cougars (who later became the Red Wings). The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "answer": "1917", "sentence": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917 , the result was the creation of the National Hockey League.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917 , the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. <hl> After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924, followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. Following these teams were the New York Rangers, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Detroit Cougars (who later became the Red Wings). The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "paragraph_answer": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in <hl> 1917 <hl>, the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924, followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. Following these teams were the New York Rangers, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Detroit Cougars (who later became the Red Wings). The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "sentence_answer": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in <hl> 1917 <hl> , the result was the creation of the National Hockey League.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6412b22cd4dfcfbd1cc"}
{"question": "What percentage of Republicans identify as economically and socially conservative?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "42%", "sentence": "In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. <hl> In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, <hl> 42% <hl> of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "In another Gallup poll, <hl> 42% <hl> of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f5b2b22cd4dfcfbf638"}
{"question": "What's a technical term for beams and columns?", "paragraph": "A beam may be defined as an element in which one dimension is much greater than the other two and the applied loads are usually normal to the main axis of the element. Beams and columns are called line elements and are often represented by simple lines in structural modeling.", "answer": "line elements", "sentence": "Beams and columns are called line elements and are often represented by simple lines in structural modeling.", "paragraph_sentence": "A beam may be defined as an element in which one dimension is much greater than the other two and the applied loads are usually normal to the main axis of the element. <hl> Beams and columns are called line elements and are often represented by simple lines in structural modeling. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A beam may be defined as an element in which one dimension is much greater than the other two and the applied loads are usually normal to the main axis of the element. Beams and columns are called <hl> line elements <hl> and are often represented by simple lines in structural modeling.", "sentence_answer": "Beams and columns are called <hl> line elements <hl> and are often represented by simple lines in structural modeling.", "paragraph_id": "5d6821592b22cd4dfcfc05e3"}
{"question": "How many major leagues are there?", "paragraph": "The game developed at first without an organizing body. A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. Several tournaments, such as at the Banff Winter Carnival, were held in the early 20th Century and numerous women's teams such as the Seattle Vamps and Vancouver Amazons existed. Organizations started to develop in the 1920s, such as the  Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. Starting in the 1960s, the game spread to universities. Today, the game is played from youth through adult leagues, and in the universities of North America and internationally. There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "answer": "two", "sentence": "There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "paragraph_sentence": "The game developed at first without an organizing body. A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. Several tournaments, such as at the Banff Winter Carnival, were held in the early 20th Century and numerous women's teams such as the Seattle Vamps and Vancouver Amazons existed. Organizations started to develop in the 1920s, such as the Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. Starting in the 1960s, the game spread to universities. Today, the game is played from youth through adult leagues, and in the universities of North America and internationally. <hl> There are two major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The game developed at first without an organizing body. A tournament in 1902 between Montreal and Trois-Rivieres was billed as the first championship tournament. Several tournaments, such as at the Banff Winter Carnival, were held in the early 20th Century and numerous women's teams such as the Seattle Vamps and Vancouver Amazons existed. Organizations started to develop in the 1920s, such as the Ladies Ontario Hockey Association, and later, the Dominion Women's Amateur Hockey Association. Starting in the 1960s, the game spread to universities. Today, the game is played from youth through adult leagues, and in the universities of North America and internationally. There are <hl> two <hl> major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "sentence_answer": "There are <hl> two <hl> major women's hockey leagues, the National Women's Hockey League with teams in the Northeastern United States which is a professional league and the Canadian Women's Hockey League with teams in Canada and the United States, which is semi-professional and is developing toward becoming a fully professional league.", "paragraph_id": "5d6691c32b22cd4dfcfbe29a"}
{"question": "Why was the Cochrane review criticized?", "paragraph": "The effect of a low-salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal-tensive people is small if present. In addition, the review suggested that a low-salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure. However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. Another review of dietary salt concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension, and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms. Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "answer": "for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics.", "sentence": "However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit.", "paragraph_sentence": "The effect of a low-salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal-tensive people is small if present. In addition, the review suggested that a low-salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure. <hl> However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. <hl> Another review of dietary salt concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension, and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms. Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "paragraph_answer": "The effect of a low-salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal-tensive people is small if present. In addition, the review suggested that a low-salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure. However, the review was criticized in particular <hl> for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. <hl> When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. Another review of dietary salt concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension, and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms. Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "sentence_answer": "However, the review was criticized in particular <hl> for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. <hl> When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3072b22cd4dfcfbcbf1"}
{"question": "When it comes to decentralization, what views should be taken into account regarding the political interests of the country?", "paragraph": "Decentralization ideally happens as a careful, rational, and orderly process, but it often takes place during times of economic and political crisis, the fall of a regime and the resultant power struggles. Even when it happens slowly, there is a need for experimentation, testing, adjusting, and replicating successful experiments in other contexts. There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and whether they support or oppose decentralization.", "answer": "whether they support or oppose decentralization", "sentence": "There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and whether they support or oppose decentralization .", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization ideally happens as a careful, rational, and orderly process, but it often takes place during times of economic and political crisis, the fall of a regime and the resultant power struggles. Even when it happens slowly, there is a need for experimentation, testing, adjusting, and replicating successful experiments in other contexts. <hl> There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and whether they support or oppose decentralization . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization ideally happens as a careful, rational, and orderly process, but it often takes place during times of economic and political crisis, the fall of a regime and the resultant power struggles. Even when it happens slowly, there is a need for experimentation, testing, adjusting, and replicating successful experiments in other contexts. There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and <hl> whether they support or oppose decentralization <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "There is no one blueprint for decentralization since it depends on the initial state of a country and the power and views of political interests and <hl> whether they support or oppose decentralization <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66768a2b22cd4dfcfbe007"}
{"question": "What was the privilege of voting called?", "paragraph": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "answer": "suffrage", "sentence": "First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote.", "paragraph_sentence": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. <hl> First, suffrage was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. <hl> While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "paragraph_answer": "As Bonomi (1971) shows, the most distinctive feature of colonial society was the vibrant political culture, which attracted the most talented and ambitious young men into politics. First, <hl> suffrage <hl> was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote. While fewer than 1% of British men could vote, a majority of white American men were eligible. The roots of democracy were present, although deference was typically shown to social elites in colonial elections.", "sentence_answer": "First, <hl> suffrage <hl> was the most widespread in the world, with every man who owned a certain amount of property allowed to vote.", "paragraph_id": "5d66872f2b22cd4dfcfbe1d4"}
{"question": "What did The Times publish that was deemed to be fake?", "paragraph": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "answer": "Hitler Diaries", "sentence": "In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries , thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "paragraph_sentence": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. <hl> In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries , thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked <hl> Hitler Diaries <hl>, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "sentence_answer": "In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked <hl> Hitler Diaries <hl> , thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "paragraph_id": "5d6718042b22cd4dfcfbef18"}
{"question": "What kind of principles was Georgia established on?", "paragraph": "Georgia was established on strict moralistic principles. Slavery was officially forbidden, as were alcohol and other forms of immorality. However, the reality of the colony was far different. The colonists rejected a puritanical lifestyle and complained that their colony could not compete economically with the Carolina rice plantations. Georgia initially failed to prosper, but eventually the restrictions were lifted, slavery was allowed, and it became as prosperous as the Carolinas. The colony of Georgia never had an established religion. It consisted of people of various faiths.", "answer": "strict moralistic principles", "sentence": "Georgia was established on strict moralistic principles .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Georgia was established on strict moralistic principles . <hl> Slavery was officially forbidden, as were alcohol and other forms of immorality. However, the reality of the colony was far different. The colonists rejected a puritanical lifestyle and complained that their colony could not compete economically with the Carolina rice plantations. Georgia initially failed to prosper, but eventually the restrictions were lifted, slavery was allowed, and it became as prosperous as the Carolinas. The colony of Georgia never had an established religion. It consisted of people of various faiths.", "paragraph_answer": "Georgia was established on <hl> strict moralistic principles <hl>. Slavery was officially forbidden, as were alcohol and other forms of immorality. However, the reality of the colony was far different. The colonists rejected a puritanical lifestyle and complained that their colony could not compete economically with the Carolina rice plantations. Georgia initially failed to prosper, but eventually the restrictions were lifted, slavery was allowed, and it became as prosperous as the Carolinas. The colony of Georgia never had an established religion. It consisted of people of various faiths.", "sentence_answer": "Georgia was established on <hl> strict moralistic principles <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65fe992b22cd4dfcfbd51a"}
{"question": "How are neurons able to communicate with other neurons and cell types?", "paragraph": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects:  how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "answer": "through specialized junctions called synapses", "sentence": "They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses , at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another.", "paragraph_sentence": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects: how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. <hl> They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses , at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. <hl> Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "paragraph_answer": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects: how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types <hl> through specialized junctions called synapses <hl>, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "sentence_answer": "They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types <hl> through specialized junctions called synapses <hl> , at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another.", "paragraph_id": "5d670fe02b22cd4dfcfbecfc"}
{"question": "Who has a higher likelihood of developing heart disease if both have diabetes, the female or the male?", "paragraph": "Men are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women. Once past menopause, it has been argued that a woman's risk is similar to a man's although more recent data from the WHO and UN disputes this. If a female has diabetes, she is more likely to develop heart disease than a male with diabetes.", "answer": "female", "sentence": "If a female has diabetes, she is more likely to develop heart disease than a male with diabetes.", "paragraph_sentence": "Men are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women. Once past menopause, it has been argued that a woman's risk is similar to a man's although more recent data from the WHO and UN disputes this. <hl> If a female has diabetes, she is more likely to develop heart disease than a male with diabetes. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Men are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women. Once past menopause, it has been argued that a woman's risk is similar to a man's although more recent data from the WHO and UN disputes this. If a <hl> female <hl> has diabetes, she is more likely to develop heart disease than a male with diabetes.", "sentence_answer": "If a <hl> female <hl> has diabetes, she is more likely to develop heart disease than a male with diabetes.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d0862b22cd4dfcfbcdcd"}
{"question": "What is the axis of the lens?", "paragraph": "Most lenses are spherical lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres. Each surface can be convex (bulging outwards from the lens), concave (depressed into the lens), or planar (flat). The line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces is called the axis of the lens. Typically the lens axis passes through the physical centre of the lens, because of the way they are manufactured. Lenses may be cut or ground after manufacturing to give them a different shape or size. The lens axis may then not pass through the physical centre of the lens.", "answer": "line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces", "sentence": "The line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces is called the axis of the lens.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most lenses are spherical lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres. Each surface can be convex (bulging outwards from the lens), concave (depressed into the lens), or planar (flat). <hl> The line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces is called the axis of the lens. <hl> Typically the lens axis passes through the physical centre of the lens, because of the way they are manufactured. Lenses may be cut or ground after manufacturing to give them a different shape or size. The lens axis may then not pass through the physical centre of the lens.", "paragraph_answer": "Most lenses are spherical lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres. Each surface can be convex (bulging outwards from the lens), concave (depressed into the lens), or planar (flat). The <hl> line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces <hl> is called the axis of the lens. Typically the lens axis passes through the physical centre of the lens, because of the way they are manufactured. Lenses may be cut or ground after manufacturing to give them a different shape or size. The lens axis may then not pass through the physical centre of the lens.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces <hl> is called the axis of the lens.", "paragraph_id": "5d6769442b22cd4dfcfbfa83"}
{"question": "What type of motion is required during convective processes?", "paragraph": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall.  Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation.  Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice.  Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously.  Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle.  Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\".  Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "answer": "strong vertical motions", "sentence": " Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. <hl> Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. <hl> Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "paragraph_answer": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. Convective processes involve <hl> strong vertical motions <hl> that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "sentence_answer": " Convective processes involve <hl> strong vertical motions <hl> that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb0e2b22cd4dfcfc00cc"}
{"question": "Cassiterite is harder and heavier than what type of rock?", "paragraph": "Cassiterite (SnO2), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times. Other forms of tin ores are less abundant sulfides such as stannite that require a more involved smelting process. Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms. These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. It is likely that the earliest deposits were alluvial in nature, and perhaps exploited by the same methods used for panning gold in placer deposits.[citation needed]", "answer": "granite", "sentence": "Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cassiterite (SnO2), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times. Other forms of tin ores are less abundant sulfides such as stannite that require a more involved smelting process. <hl> Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms. <hl> These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. It is likely that the earliest deposits were alluvial in nature, and perhaps exploited by the same methods used for panning gold in placer deposits.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Cassiterite (SnO2), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times. Other forms of tin ores are less abundant sulfides such as stannite that require a more involved smelting process. Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the <hl> granite <hl> in which it typically forms. These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. It is likely that the earliest deposits were alluvial in nature, and perhaps exploited by the same methods used for panning gold in placer deposits.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the <hl> granite <hl> in which it typically forms.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff872b22cd4dfcfbe9c5"}
{"question": "By is the second way by which Texas v. White allowed some possibility of divisibility?", "paragraph": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \"through revolution, or through consent of the States.\"", "answer": "through consent of the States", "sentence": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \"through revolution, or through consent of the States .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \"through revolution, or through consent of the States .\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \"through revolution, or <hl> through consent of the States <hl>.\"", "sentence_answer": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \"through revolution, or <hl> through consent of the States <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5ba2b22cd4dfcfbe7bc"}
{"question": "What size are raindrops?", "paragraph": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration.  Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops.  The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "answer": "0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres", "sentence": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. <hl> Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "paragraph_answer": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from <hl> 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres <hl> (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "sentence_answer": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from <hl> 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres <hl> (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d0ef2b22cd4dfcfc0294"}
{"question": "Of what size are raindrops associated with melting hail?", "paragraph": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration.  Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops.  The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "answer": "larger", "sentence": " Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops.", "paragraph_sentence": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. <hl> Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. <hl> The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "paragraph_answer": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be <hl> larger <hl> than other rain drops. The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "sentence_answer": " Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be <hl> larger <hl> than other rain drops.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d0ef2b22cd4dfcfc0298"}
{"question": "What year was construction of Fort Amsterdam started?", "paragraph": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "answer": "1625", "sentence": "In 1625 , construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan.", "paragraph_sentence": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. <hl> In 1625 , construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. <hl> The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "paragraph_answer": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In <hl> 1625 <hl>, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1625 <hl> , construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff252b22cd4dfcfbe9b2"}
{"question": "The second printed example of these latin works is what?", "paragraph": "The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in philology. They are in part the subject matter of the field of Classics. Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts, published by Oxford University Press.", "answer": "Oxford Classical Texts", "sentence": "Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts , published by Oxford University Press.", "paragraph_sentence": "The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in philology. They are in part the subject matter of the field of Classics. <hl> Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts , published by Oxford University Press. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in philology. They are in part the subject matter of the field of Classics. Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the <hl> Oxford Classical Texts <hl>, published by Oxford University Press.", "sentence_answer": "Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the <hl> Oxford Classical Texts <hl> , published by Oxford University Press.", "paragraph_id": "5d66204e2b22cd4dfcfbd98e"}
{"question": "Where is this found in Windows 8.1?", "paragraph": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "answer": "The PC Settings app", "sentence": "The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. <hl> The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. <hl> Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. <hl> The PC Settings app <hl> in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The PC Settings app <hl> in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712582b22cd4dfcfbedf5"}
{"question": "What tier is Oxford United in initially?", "paragraph": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013  23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "answer": "fourth", "sentence": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. <hl> They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "paragraph_answer": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the <hl> fourth <hl> tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "sentence_answer": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the <hl> fourth <hl> tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b9b2b22cd4dfcfbf367"}
{"question": "Who are members of the Heinz Chapel Choir?", "paragraph": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "answer": "Pitt students", "sentence": "Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. <hl> Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. <hl> The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "paragraph_answer": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of <hl> Pitt students <hl> that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "sentence_answer": "Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of <hl> Pitt students <hl> that has been performing for over 70 years.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8092b22cd4dfcfbe839"}
{"question": "What did early versions run on top of?", "paragraph": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "answer": "MS-DOS", "sentence": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. <hl> However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "paragraph_answer": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of <hl> MS-DOS <hl> and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "sentence_answer": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of <hl> MS-DOS <hl> and use it for file system services.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef4a2b22cd4dfcfbe5eb"}
{"question": "What forms when tiny supercooled cloud droplets freeze?", "paragraph": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets.  This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process.  The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense.  These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates.  These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground.  Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "answer": "Snow crystals", "sentence": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. <hl> Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process. The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Snow crystals <hl> form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process. The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Snow crystals <hl> form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze.", "paragraph_id": "5d6762b22b22cd4dfcfbf96a"}
{"question": "Where is the city centre centred?", "paragraph": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "answer": "Carfax", "sentence": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax , a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax , a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. <hl> Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "paragraph_answer": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on <hl> Carfax <hl>, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "sentence_answer": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on <hl> Carfax <hl> , a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2a2b22cd4dfcfbf623"}
{"question": "Does this also apply to English orthography?", "paragraph": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction. Enforcing the latter, most professional editors case-fold such expansions to their standard orthography when editing manuscripts for publication. The justification is that (1) readers are smart enough to figure out where the letters came from, even without their being capitalized for emphasis, and that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography. By the same expectation (point 1), bold or italic font for the letters is considered equally unnecessary. For example,", "answer": "this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction", "sentence": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction . <hl> Enforcing the latter, most professional editors case-fold such expansions to their standard orthography when editing manuscripts for publication. The justification is that (1) readers are smart enough to figure out where the letters came from, even without their being capitalized for emphasis, and that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography. By the same expectation (point 1), bold or italic font for the letters is considered equally unnecessary. For example,", "paragraph_answer": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), <hl> this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction <hl>. Enforcing the latter, most professional editors case-fold such expansions to their standard orthography when editing manuscripts for publication. The justification is that (1) readers are smart enough to figure out where the letters came from, even without their being capitalized for emphasis, and that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography. By the same expectation (point 1), bold or italic font for the letters is considered equally unnecessary. For example,", "sentence_answer": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), <hl> this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65a8de2b22cd4dfcfbcadb"}
{"question": "What was the name of the newsletter that Freeman created?", "paragraph": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth  and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "answer": "Voice of the women's liberation movement", "sentence": "After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement .", "paragraph_sentence": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. <hl> After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement . <hl> It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "paragraph_answer": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called <hl> Voice of the women's liberation movement <hl>. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "sentence_answer": "After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called <hl> Voice of the women's liberation movement <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d677cbb2b22cd4dfcfbfd4e"}
{"question": "What bridge connects Staten Island to Brooklyn?", "paragraph": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "answer": "Verrazano-Narrows Bridge", "sentence": "It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge .", "paragraph_sentence": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. <hl> It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the <hl> Verrazano-Narrows Bridge <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the <hl> Verrazano-Narrows Bridge <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0ea2b22cd4dfcfbe692"}
{"question": "Robert Vincent Daniels says Marxism was used to justify what?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism. Trotskyists claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. Others, such as philosopher Eric Voegelin, claims that Marxism\u2013Leninism is in its core (as in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) inherently oppressive; claiming that the \"Marxian vision dictated the Stalinist outcome not because the communist utopia was inevitable but because it was impossible\". Criticism like this has itself been criticised for \"philosophical determinism\"\u2014i.e., that the negative events in the movement's history were predetermined by their convictions. Historian Robert Vincent Daniels argues that Marxism was used to \"justify Stalinism, but it was no longer allowed to serve either as a policy directive or an explanation of reality\" during Stalin's rule. In complete contrast, E. Van Ree argues that Stalin continued to be in \"general agreement\" with the classical works of Marxism until his death.", "answer": "Stalinism", "sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism , the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marxism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism , the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism. <hl> Trotskyists claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. Others, such as philosopher Eric Voegelin, claims that Marxism\u2013Leninism is in its core (as in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) inherently oppressive; claiming that the \"Marxian vision dictated the Stalinist outcome not because the communist utopia was inevitable but because it was impossible\". Criticism like this has itself been criticised for \"philosophical determinism\"\u2014i.e., that the negative events in the movement's history were predetermined by their convictions. Historian Robert Vincent Daniels argues that Marxism was used to \"justify Stalinism, but it was no longer allowed to serve either as a policy directive or an explanation of reality\" during Stalin's rule. In complete contrast, E. Van Ree argues that Stalin continued to be in \"general agreement\" with the classical works of Marxism until his death.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with <hl> Stalinism <hl>, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism. Trotskyists claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. Others, such as philosopher Eric Voegelin, claims that Marxism\u2013Leninism is in its core (as in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) inherently oppressive; claiming that the \"Marxian vision dictated the Stalinist outcome not because the communist utopia was inevitable but because it was impossible\". Criticism like this has itself been criticised for \"philosophical determinism\"\u2014i.e., that the negative events in the movement's history were predetermined by their convictions. Historian Robert Vincent Daniels argues that Marxism was used to \"justify Stalinism, but it was no longer allowed to serve either as a policy directive or an explanation of reality\" during Stalin's rule. In complete contrast, E. Van Ree argues that Stalin continued to be in \"general agreement\" with the classical works of Marxism until his death.", "sentence_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with <hl> Stalinism <hl> , the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism.", "paragraph_id": "5d672a812b22cd4dfcfbf144"}
{"question": "What does a positive meniscus lens have?", "paragraph": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "answer": "a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery", "sentence": "Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery .", "paragraph_sentence": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. <hl> Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery . <hl> An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "paragraph_answer": "Convex-concave (meniscus) lenses can be either positive or negative, depending on the relative curvatures of the two surfaces. A negative meniscus lens has a steeper concave surface and is thinner at the centre than at the periphery. Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has <hl> a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery <hl>. An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light. All real lenses have nonzero thickness, however, which makes a real lens with identical curved surfaces slightly positive. To obtain exactly zero optical power, a meniscus lens must have slightly unequal curvatures to account for the effect of the lens' thickness.", "sentence_answer": "Conversely, a positive meniscus lens has <hl> a steeper convex surface and is thicker at the centre than at the periphery <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6788922b22cd4dfcfbfe1c"}
{"question": "What did a subroutine library originally do?", "paragraph": "In many early computers, the program instructions were entered into memory from a punched paper tape. Each subroutine could then be provided by a separate piece of tape, loaded or spliced before or after the main program; and the same subroutine tape could then be used by many different programs. A similar approach was used in computers whose main input was through punched cards. The name subroutine library originally meant a library, in the literal sense, which kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use.", "answer": "kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use", "sentence": "The name subroutine library originally meant a library, in the literal sense, which kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use .", "paragraph_sentence": "In many early computers, the program instructions were entered into memory from a punched paper tape. Each subroutine could then be provided by a separate piece of tape, loaded or spliced before or after the main program; and the same subroutine tape could then be used by many different programs. A similar approach was used in computers whose main input was through punched cards. <hl> The name subroutine library originally meant a library, in the literal sense, which kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In many early computers, the program instructions were entered into memory from a punched paper tape. Each subroutine could then be provided by a separate piece of tape, loaded or spliced before or after the main program; and the same subroutine tape could then be used by many different programs. A similar approach was used in computers whose main input was through punched cards. The name subroutine library originally meant a library, in the literal sense, which <hl> kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The name subroutine library originally meant a library, in the literal sense, which <hl> kept indexed collections of such tapes or card decks for collective use <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674d892b22cd4dfcfbf5b7"}
{"question": "What values did David Hume call superstitious?", "paragraph": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "answer": "piety and devotion", "sentence": "Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion ; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. <hl> Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious piety and devotion ; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Religions provide different ways of dealing with moral dilemmas. For example, there is no absolute prohibition on killing in Hinduism, which recognizes that it \"may be inevitable and indeed necessary\" in certain circumstances. In monotheistic traditions, certain acts are viewed in more absolute terms, such as abortion or divorce.[a] Religion is not always positively associated with morality. Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious <hl> piety and devotion <hl>; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "sentence_answer": "Philosopher David Hume stated that, \"the greatest crimes have been found, in many instances, to be compatible with a superstitious <hl> piety and devotion <hl> ; Hence it is justly regarded as unsafe to draw any inference in favor of a man's morals, from the fervor or strictness of his religious exercises, even though he himself believe them sincere.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d670b162b22cd4dfcfbebc4"}
{"question": "Science terms have Latin roots because of what?", "paragraph": "Due to the influence of Roman governance and Roman technology on the less developed nations under Roman dominion, those nations adopted Latin phraseology in some specialized areas, such as science, technology, medicine, and law. For example, the Linnaean system of plant and animal classification was heavily influenced by Historia Naturalis, an encyclopedia of people, places, plants, animals, and things published by Pliny the Elder. Roman medicine, recorded in the works of such physicians as Galen, established that today's medical terminology would be primarily derived from Latin and Greek words, the Greek being filtered through the Latin. Roman engineering had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole. Latin law principles have survived partly in a long list of legal Latin terms.", "answer": "Roman engineering", "sentence": "Roman engineering had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole.", "paragraph_sentence": "Due to the influence of Roman governance and Roman technology on the less developed nations under Roman dominion, those nations adopted Latin phraseology in some specialized areas, such as science, technology, medicine, and law. For example, the Linnaean system of plant and animal classification was heavily influenced by Historia Naturalis, an encyclopedia of people, places, plants, animals, and things published by Pliny the Elder. Roman medicine, recorded in the works of such physicians as Galen, established that today's medical terminology would be primarily derived from Latin and Greek words, the Greek being filtered through the Latin. <hl> Roman engineering had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole. <hl> Latin law principles have survived partly in a long list of legal Latin terms.", "paragraph_answer": "Due to the influence of Roman governance and Roman technology on the less developed nations under Roman dominion, those nations adopted Latin phraseology in some specialized areas, such as science, technology, medicine, and law. For example, the Linnaean system of plant and animal classification was heavily influenced by Historia Naturalis, an encyclopedia of people, places, plants, animals, and things published by Pliny the Elder. Roman medicine, recorded in the works of such physicians as Galen, established that today's medical terminology would be primarily derived from Latin and Greek words, the Greek being filtered through the Latin. <hl> Roman engineering <hl> had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole. Latin law principles have survived partly in a long list of legal Latin terms.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Roman engineering <hl> had the same effect on scientific terminology as a whole.", "paragraph_id": "5d66269a2b22cd4dfcfbda1d"}
{"question": "When did extended support for Win XP stop?", "paragraph": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "answer": "April 8, 2014", "sentence": "Extended support ended on April 8, 2014 .", "paragraph_sentence": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. <hl> Extended support ended on April 8, 2014 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on <hl> April 8, 2014 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Extended support ended on <hl> April 8, 2014 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66edda2b22cd4dfcfbe58d"}
{"question": "The Americans who advocate for more government spending are called?", "paragraph": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "answer": "liberals", "sentence": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. <hl> Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "paragraph_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with <hl> liberals <hl> arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "sentence_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with <hl> liberals <hl> arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707c42b22cd4dfcfbeb4a"}
{"question": "Istanbul ranks where as the world's largest city?", "paragraph": "The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. Other estimate that at the same time the population within city limits was 14,025,646. Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980. 64.7% of the residents live on the European side and 35.3% on the Asian side. While the city ranks as world's 5th-largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[e] The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of \u0130zmir and Ankara.", "answer": "5th", "sentence": "While the city ranks as world's 5th -largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. Other estimate that at the same time the population within city limits was 14,025,646. Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980. 64.7% of the residents live on the European side and 35.3% on the Asian side. <hl> While the city ranks as world's 5th -largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. <hl> Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[e] The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of \u0130zmir and Ankara.", "paragraph_answer": "The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. Other estimate that at the same time the population within city limits was 14,025,646. Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980. 64.7% of the residents live on the European side and 35.3% on the Asian side. While the city ranks as world's <hl> 5th <hl>-largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[e] The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of \u0130zmir and Ankara.", "sentence_answer": "While the city ranks as world's <hl> 5th <hl> -largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ecb82b22cd4dfcfbd2c1"}
{"question": "What is involved in runtime overhead in calling a subroutine?", "paragraph": "There is a significant runtime overhead in a calling a subroutine, including passing the arguments, branching to the subprogram, and branching back to the caller. The overhead often includes saving and restoring certain processor registers, allocating and reclaiming call frame storage, etc.. In some languages, each subroutine call also implies automatic testing of the subroutine's return code, or the handling of exceptions that it may raise. In object-oriented languages, a significant source of overhead is the intensively used dynamic dispatch for method calls.", "answer": "passing the arguments, branching to the subprogram, and branching back to the caller", "sentence": "There is a significant runtime overhead in a calling a subroutine, including passing the arguments, branching to the subprogram, and branching back to the caller .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There is a significant runtime overhead in a calling a subroutine, including passing the arguments, branching to the subprogram, and branching back to the caller . <hl> The overhead often includes saving and restoring certain processor registers, allocating and reclaiming call frame storage, etc.. In some languages, each subroutine call also implies automatic testing of the subroutine's return code, or the handling of exceptions that it may raise. In object-oriented languages, a significant source of overhead is the intensively used dynamic dispatch for method calls.", "paragraph_answer": "There is a significant runtime overhead in a calling a subroutine, including <hl> passing the arguments, branching to the subprogram, and branching back to the caller <hl>. The overhead often includes saving and restoring certain processor registers, allocating and reclaiming call frame storage, etc.. In some languages, each subroutine call also implies automatic testing of the subroutine's return code, or the handling of exceptions that it may raise. In object-oriented languages, a significant source of overhead is the intensively used dynamic dispatch for method calls.", "sentence_answer": "There is a significant runtime overhead in a calling a subroutine, including <hl> passing the arguments, branching to the subprogram, and branching back to the caller <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67e1242b22cd4dfcfc037e"}
{"question": "What operating system added Windows Media Player 6.2?", "paragraph": "Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced the Windows Driver Model, support for USB composite devices, support for ACPI, hibernation, and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows 95). In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, an updated version of Windows 98. Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006.", "answer": "Windows 98 SE", "sentence": "Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced the Windows Driver Model, support for USB composite devices, support for ACPI, hibernation, and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows 95). In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, an updated version of Windows 98. <hl> Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. <hl> Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced the Windows Driver Model, support for USB composite devices, support for ACPI, hibernation, and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows 95). In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, an updated version of Windows 98. <hl> Windows 98 SE <hl> added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Windows 98 SE <hl> added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades.", "paragraph_id": "5d670df52b22cd4dfcfbec63"}
{"question": "How has the NHL tried to speed up the game of hockey?", "paragraph": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace. Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"zero tolerance\").", "answer": "retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace", "sentence": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace . <hl> Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"zero tolerance\").", "paragraph_answer": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by <hl> retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace <hl>. Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"zero tolerance\").", "sentence_answer": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by <hl> retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675a322b22cd4dfcfbf7fe"}
{"question": "Which country had the top statutory tax rate in 2005?", "paragraph": "U.S. corporate after-tax profits were at record levels during 2012 while corporate tax revenue was below its historical average relative to GDP. For example, U.S. corporate after-tax profits were at record levels during the third quarter of 2012, at an annualized $1.75 trillion. U.S. corporations paid approximately 1.2% GDP in taxes during 2011. This was below the 2.7% GDP level in 2007 pre-crisis and below the 1.8% historical average for the 1990-2011 period. In comparing corporate taxes, the Congressional Budget Office found in 2005 that the top statutory tax rate was the third highest among OECD countries behind Japan and Germany. However, the U.S. ranked 27th lowest of 30 OECD countries in its collection of corporate taxes relative to GDP, at 1.8% vs. the average 2.5%.", "answer": "Germany.", "sentence": "In comparing corporate taxes, the Congressional Budget Office found in 2005 that the top statutory tax rate was the third highest among OECD countries behind Japan and Germany. However, the U.S. ranked 27th lowest of 30 OECD countries in its collection of corporate taxes relative to GDP, at 1.8% vs. the average 2.5%.", "paragraph_sentence": "U.S. corporate after-tax profits were at record levels during 2012 while corporate tax revenue was below its historical average relative to GDP. For example, U.S. corporate after-tax profits were at record levels during the third quarter of 2012, at an annualized $1.75 trillion. U.S. corporations paid approximately 1.2% GDP in taxes during 2011. This was below the 2.7% GDP level in 2007 pre-crisis and below the 1.8% historical average for the 1990-2011 period. <hl> In comparing corporate taxes, the Congressional Budget Office found in 2005 that the top statutory tax rate was the third highest among OECD countries behind Japan and Germany. However, the U.S. ranked 27th lowest of 30 OECD countries in its collection of corporate taxes relative to GDP, at 1.8% vs. the average 2.5%. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "U.S. corporate after-tax profits were at record levels during 2012 while corporate tax revenue was below its historical average relative to GDP. For example, U.S. corporate after-tax profits were at record levels during the third quarter of 2012, at an annualized $1.75 trillion. U.S. corporations paid approximately 1.2% GDP in taxes during 2011. This was below the 2.7% GDP level in 2007 pre-crisis and below the 1.8% historical average for the 1990-2011 period. In comparing corporate taxes, the Congressional Budget Office found in 2005 that the top statutory tax rate was the third highest among OECD countries behind Japan and <hl> Germany. <hl> However, the U.S. ranked 27th lowest of 30 OECD countries in its collection of corporate taxes relative to GDP, at 1.8% vs. the average 2.5%.", "sentence_answer": "In comparing corporate taxes, the Congressional Budget Office found in 2005 that the top statutory tax rate was the third highest among OECD countries behind Japan and <hl> Germany. <hl> However, the U.S. ranked 27th lowest of 30 OECD countries in its collection of corporate taxes relative to GDP, at 1.8% vs. the average 2.5%.", "paragraph_id": "5d670d162b22cd4dfcfbec33"}
{"question": "How long did it take U.S employment to reach 98% of it's pre-recession peak", "paragraph": "One method of analyzing the impact of recessions on employment is to measure the period of time it takes to return to the pre-recession employment peak. By this measure, the 2008-2009 recession was considerably worse than the five other U.S. recessions from 1970 to present. By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months. Employment recovery following a combined recession and financial crisis tends to be much longer than a typical recession. For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden 17.8 years after its 1991 financial crisis. The U.S. is recovering considerably faster than either of these countries.", "answer": "approximately 60 months", "sentence": "By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months .", "paragraph_sentence": "One method of analyzing the impact of recessions on employment is to measure the period of time it takes to return to the pre-recession employment peak. By this measure, the 2008-2009 recession was considerably worse than the five other U.S. recessions from 1970 to present. <hl> By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after approximately 60 months . <hl> Employment recovery following a combined recession and financial crisis tends to be much longer than a typical recession. For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden 17.8 years after its 1991 financial crisis. The U.S. is recovering considerably faster than either of these countries.", "paragraph_answer": "One method of analyzing the impact of recessions on employment is to measure the period of time it takes to return to the pre-recession employment peak. By this measure, the 2008-2009 recession was considerably worse than the five other U.S. recessions from 1970 to present. By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after <hl> approximately 60 months <hl>. Employment recovery following a combined recession and financial crisis tends to be much longer than a typical recession. For example, it took Norway 8.5 years to return to its pre-recession peak employment after its 1987 financial crisis and it took Sweden 17.8 years after its 1991 financial crisis. The U.S. is recovering considerably faster than either of these countries.", "sentence_answer": "By May 2013, U.S. employment had reached 98% of its pre-recession peak after <hl> approximately 60 months <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f3742b22cd4dfcfbe732"}
{"question": "How large is the Baltic's dead zone?", "paragraph": "Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. The more saline (and therefore denser) water remains on the bottom, isolating it from surface waters and the atmosphere. This leads to decreased oxygen concentrations within the zone. It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide. Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighbouring Atlantic.", "answer": "Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi", "sentence": "Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi ) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi ) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. <hl> The more saline (and therefore denser) water remains on the bottom, isolating it from surface waters and the atmosphere. This leads to decreased oxygen concentrations within the zone. It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide. Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighbouring Atlantic.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi <hl>) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. The more saline (and therefore denser) water remains on the bottom, isolating it from surface waters and the atmosphere. This leads to decreased oxygen concentrations within the zone. It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide. Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighbouring Atlantic.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi <hl> ) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone.", "paragraph_id": "5d65cd1c2b22cd4dfcfbcd9a"}
{"question": "In which country is the designation \"Doctor of Medicine\" most commonly used?", "paragraph": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \"teacher of medicine\", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. In countries that follow the tradition of ancient Scotland, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. It is most commonly used in the United States. In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery. In those countries, the MD may either be a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD);  an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.", "answer": "United States", "sentence": "It is most commonly used in the United States .", "paragraph_sentence": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \"teacher of medicine\", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. In countries that follow the tradition of ancient Scotland, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. <hl> It is most commonly used in the United States . <hl> In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery. In those countries, the MD may either be a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD); an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.", "paragraph_answer": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \"teacher of medicine\", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. In countries that follow the tradition of ancient Scotland, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. It is most commonly used in the <hl> United States <hl>. In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery. In those countries, the MD may either be a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD); an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.", "sentence_answer": "It is most commonly used in the <hl> United States <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9242b22cd4dfcfbd240"}
{"question": "Other than decision problem of first-order logic, unsolvability of what problem was discussed by Alan Truing?", "paragraph": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "answer": "halting", "sentence": "Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. <hl> Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the <hl> halting <hl> problem.", "sentence_answer": "Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the <hl> halting <hl> problem.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713162b22cd4dfcfbee1e"}
{"question": "how dose tin occur?", "paragraph": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "answer": "from various ores.", "sentence": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. <hl> Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted <hl> from various ores. <hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "sentence_answer": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted <hl> from various ores. <hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite.", "paragraph_id": "5d67eefe2b22cd4dfcfc0432"}
{"question": "What does RF&P stand for?", "paragraph": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "answer": "Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad", "sentence": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). <hl> Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "paragraph_answer": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., <hl> Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad <hl> \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T). Some well-known commercial examples dating from the 1890s through 1920s include Nabisco (National Biscuit Company), Esso (from S.O., from Standard Oil), and Sunoco (Sun Oil Company).", "sentence_answer": "During the mid- to late-19th century, an acronym-disseminating trend spread through the American and European business communities: abbreviating corporation names in places where space was limited for writing\u2014such as on the sides of railroad cars (e.g., <hl> Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad <hl> \u2192 RF&P); on the sides of barrels and crates; and on ticker tape and in the small-print newspaper stock listings that got their data from it (e.g., American Telephone and Telegraph Company \u2192 AT&T).", "paragraph_id": "5d65b7e32b22cd4dfcfbcb2d"}
{"question": "What country won a gold medal in 1960?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924 (and was played at the summer games in 1920). Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. The USSR won all but two gold medals from 1956 to 1988 as well as a final time as the Unified Team at the 1992 Albertville Olympics. The United States won their first gold medal in 1960. On the way to winning the gold medal at the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics amateur US college players defeated the heavily favoured Soviet squad \u2013 an event known as the \"Miracle on Ice\" in the United States. Restrictions on professional players were fully dropped at the 1998 games in Nagano. The Games saw the full participation of players from the NHL, which suspended operations during the Games and has done so in subsequent Games. The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. The 2010 games were the first played on NHL-sized ice rinks, which are narrower than the IIHF standard.", "answer": "The United States", "sentence": "The United States won their first gold medal in 1960.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924 (and was played at the summer games in 1920). Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. The USSR won all but two gold medals from 1956 to 1988 as well as a final time as the Unified Team at the 1992 Albertville Olympics. <hl> The United States won their first gold medal in 1960. <hl> On the way to winning the gold medal at the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics amateur US college players defeated the heavily favoured Soviet squad \u2013 an event known as the \"Miracle on Ice\" in the United States. Restrictions on professional players were fully dropped at the 1998 games in Nagano. The Games saw the full participation of players from the NHL, which suspended operations during the Games and has done so in subsequent Games. The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. The 2010 games were the first played on NHL-sized ice rinks, which are narrower than the IIHF standard.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924 (and was played at the summer games in 1920). Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. The USSR won all but two gold medals from 1956 to 1988 as well as a final time as the Unified Team at the 1992 Albertville Olympics. <hl> The United States <hl> won their first gold medal in 1960. On the way to winning the gold medal at the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics amateur US college players defeated the heavily favoured Soviet squad \u2013 an event known as the \"Miracle on Ice\" in the United States. Restrictions on professional players were fully dropped at the 1998 games in Nagano. The Games saw the full participation of players from the NHL, which suspended operations during the Games and has done so in subsequent Games. The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. The 2010 games were the first played on NHL-sized ice rinks, which are narrower than the IIHF standard.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The United States <hl> won their first gold medal in 1960.", "paragraph_id": "5d66934c2b22cd4dfcfbe2e1"}
{"question": "The Nile River Valley developed agriculture from what event?", "paragraph": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. By contrast,   Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent.  \nMany grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP.\nUnlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "answer": "original Neolithic Revolution", "sentence": "By contrast,   Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent.", "paragraph_sentence": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. <hl> By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the original Neolithic Revolution in the Fertile Crescent. <hl> Many grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP. Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "paragraph_answer": "On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the <hl> original Neolithic Revolution <hl> in the Fertile Crescent. Many grinding stones are found with the early Egyptian Sebilian and Mechian cultures and evidence has been found of a neolithic domesticated crop-based economy dating around 7,000 BP. Unlike the Middle East, this evidence appears as a \"false dawn\" to agriculture, as the sites were later abandoned, and permanent farming then was delayed until 6,500 BP with the Tasian and Badarian cultures and the arrival of crops and animals from the Near East.", "sentence_answer": "By contrast, Agriculture in the Nile River Valley is thought to have developed from the <hl> original Neolithic Revolution <hl> in the Fertile Crescent.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f31d2b22cd4dfcfbe70a"}
{"question": "What is the first country committed to the  establishment of communism?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR)", "sentence": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. <hl> However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the <hl> Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) <hl>, the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the <hl> Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) <hl> , the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815ea2b22cd4dfcfc0590"}
{"question": "Ethical subjectivism claims that morality comes from what?", "paragraph": "Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism. For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being, respectively.", "answer": "hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being", "sentence": "For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being , respectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism. <hl> For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being , respectively. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some forms of non-cognitivism and ethical subjectivism, while considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism. For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the <hl> hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being <hl>, respectively.", "sentence_answer": "For example, universal prescriptivism is a universalist form of non-cognitivism which claims that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives, and divine command theory and ideal observer theory are universalist forms of ethical subjectivism which claim that morality is derived from the edicts of a god or the <hl> hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being <hl> , respectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d6701d52b22cd4dfcfbea11"}
{"question": "What are the components for languages called?", "paragraph": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "answer": "Language Interface Packs (LIPs)", "sentence": "Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with).", "paragraph_sentence": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. <hl> Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). <hl> This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "paragraph_answer": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. <hl> Language Interface Packs (LIPs) <hl> are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Language Interface Packs (LIPs) <hl> are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with).", "paragraph_id": "5d6711412b22cd4dfcfbed41"}
{"question": "What is the name of the famous church that represents the pinnacle of Byzantine architecture?", "paragraph": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "answer": "Hagia Sophia", "sentence": "The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia .", "paragraph_sentence": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. <hl> The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia . <hl> Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "paragraph_answer": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the <hl> Hagia Sophia <hl>. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "sentence_answer": "The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the <hl> Hagia Sophia <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5a62b22cd4dfcfbd1b1"}
{"question": "In which arena is a decentralized approach most often examined as a source of issue resolution?", "paragraph": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems. Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. The following four goals or objectives are frequently stated in various analyses of decentralization.", "answer": "government,", "sentence": "Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems.", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems. <hl> Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. <hl> The following four goals or objectives are frequently stated in various analyses of decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems. Decentralization in <hl> government, <hl> the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. The following four goals or objectives are frequently stated in various analyses of decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization in <hl> government, <hl> the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ed3b2b22cd4dfcfbd2d3"}
{"question": "Are those at really low risk for heart disease recommended to take aspirin?", "paragraph": "Aspirin has been found to be of only modest benefit in those at low risk of heart disease as the risk of serious bleeding is almost equal to the benefit with respect to cardiovascular problems. In those at really low risk it is not recommended.", "answer": "those at really low risk it is not recommended", "sentence": "In those at really low risk it is not recommended .", "paragraph_sentence": "Aspirin has been found to be of only modest benefit in those at low risk of heart disease as the risk of serious bleeding is almost equal to the benefit with respect to cardiovascular problems. <hl> In those at really low risk it is not recommended . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Aspirin has been found to be of only modest benefit in those at low risk of heart disease as the risk of serious bleeding is almost equal to the benefit with respect to cardiovascular problems. In <hl> those at really low risk it is not recommended <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> those at really low risk it is not recommended <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3ca2b22cd4dfcfbcc26"}
{"question": "Which group is streamlined with the ideologies of the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists", "sentence": "It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists , which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. <hl> It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists , which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. <hl> According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the <hl> Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists <hl>, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "It is also an associate member of the <hl> Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists <hl> , which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.", "paragraph_id": "5d673dac2b22cd4dfcfbf3c3"}
{"question": "What is punched tin-plated steel also called?", "paragraph": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere.", "answer": "pierced tin", "sentence": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin , is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Punched tin-plated steel, also called pierced tin , is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. <hl> Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere.", "paragraph_answer": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called <hl> pierced tin <hl>, is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative. Decorative piercing designs exist in a wide variety, based on geography or the artisan's personal creations. Punched tin lanterns are the most common application of this artisan technique. The light of a candle shining through the pierced design creates a decorative light pattern in the room where it sits. Punched tin lanterns and other punched tin articles were created in the New World from the earliest European settlement. A well-known example is the Revere type lantern, named after Paul Revere.", "sentence_answer": "Punched tin-plated steel, also called <hl> pierced tin <hl> , is an artisan technique originating in central Europe for creating housewares that are both functional and decorative.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bf0c2b22cd4dfcfc0140"}
{"question": "What must travelers do?", "paragraph": "A separatist movement has been active in Manipur since 1964, when United National Liberation Front was founded. Several groups have used violence toward achieving their goal of a sovereign Manipur. In addition, tribal peoples have demanded division of the present state into two or three Indian states along ethnic lines. This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "answer": "Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "sentence": "Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "A separatist movement has been active in Manipur since 1964, when United National Liberation Front was founded. Several groups have used violence toward achieving their goal of a sovereign Manipur. In addition, tribal peoples have demanded division of the present state into two or three Indian states along ethnic lines. This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. <hl> Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A separatist movement has been active in Manipur since 1964, when United National Liberation Front was founded. Several groups have used violence toward achieving their goal of a sovereign Manipur. In addition, tribal peoples have demanded division of the present state into two or three Indian states along ethnic lines. This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. <hl> Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d67025f2b22cd4dfcfbea2b"}
{"question": "What are neurons?", "paragraph": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects:  how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "answer": "cells specialized for communication", "sentence": "Neurons are cells specialized for communication .", "paragraph_sentence": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects: how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. <hl> Neurons are cells specialized for communication . <hl> They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "paragraph_answer": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects: how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are <hl> cells specialized for communication <hl>. They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "sentence_answer": "Neurons are <hl> cells specialized for communication <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670fe02b22cd4dfcfbecfb"}
{"question": "what is tin used for in a Li-ion batteries?", "paragraph": "Tin is also used as a negative electrode in advanced Li-ion batteries. Its application is somewhat limited by the fact that some tin surfaces[which?] catalyze decomposition of carbonate-based electrolytes used in Li-ion batteries.", "answer": "negative electrode", "sentence": "Tin is also used as a negative electrode in advanced Li-ion batteries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin is also used as a negative electrode in advanced Li-ion batteries. <hl> Its application is somewhat limited by the fact that some tin surfaces[which?] catalyze decomposition of carbonate-based electrolytes used in Li-ion batteries.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin is also used as a <hl> negative electrode <hl> in advanced Li-ion batteries. Its application is somewhat limited by the fact that some tin surfaces[which?] catalyze decomposition of carbonate-based electrolytes used in Li-ion batteries.", "sentence_answer": "Tin is also used as a <hl> negative electrode <hl> in advanced Li-ion batteries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6746d42b22cd4dfcfbf4c0"}
{"question": "What contracts are used for umbrella insurance?", "paragraph": "Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio  of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable.   This ratio (expressed as a percentage), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer.  As the ratio increases to approximate the present value of the limit of coverage, self-evidence decreases and disappears.", "answer": "Excess of loss", "sentence": "Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio  of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Excess of loss contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable. <hl> This ratio (expressed as a percentage), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer. As the ratio increases to approximate the present value of the limit of coverage, self-evidence decreases and disappears.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Excess of loss <hl> contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable. This ratio (expressed as a percentage), commonly called the \"rate on line\" for historical reasons related to underwriting practices at Lloyd's of London, will typically be low for contracts that contain reasonably self-evident risk transfer. As the ratio increases to approximate the present value of the limit of coverage, self-evidence decreases and disappears.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Excess of loss <hl> contracts, like those commonly used for umbrella and general liability insurance, or to insure against property losses, will typically have a low ratio of premium paid to maximum loss recoverable.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8432b22cd4dfcfbcd10"}
{"question": "What was the earliest year in which the UConn Huskies won two national basketball titles?", "paragraph": "The UConn Huskies play NCAA Division I sports and are popular in the state. Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004, when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. In 2014, UConn repeated its feat of being the only school in NCAA Division I to win men's and women's basketball tournaments in the same year. The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008.[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "answer": "2004", "sentence": "Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004 , when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year.", "paragraph_sentence": "The UConn Huskies play NCAA Division I sports and are popular in the state. <hl> Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004 , when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. <hl> In 2014, UConn repeated its feat of being the only school in NCAA Division I to win men's and women's basketball tournaments in the same year. The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008.[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "paragraph_answer": "The UConn Huskies play NCAA Division I sports and are popular in the state. Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in <hl> 2004 <hl>, when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. In 2014, UConn repeated its feat of being the only school in NCAA Division I to win men's and women's basketball tournaments in the same year. The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008.[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "sentence_answer": "Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in <hl> 2004 <hl> , when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f68a2b22cd4dfcfbd42d"}
{"question": "Are people in Denmark and Sweden generally honest?", "paragraph": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear.[b] A 2001 review of studies on this topic found \"The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime.\" Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world\".[c]", "answer": "lowest levels of corruption in the world", "sentence": "Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world \".[c]", "paragraph_sentence": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear.[b] A 2001 review of studies on this topic found \"The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime.\" <hl> Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world \".[c] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear.[b] A 2001 review of studies on this topic found \"The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime.\" Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the <hl> lowest levels of corruption in the world <hl>\".[c]", "sentence_answer": "Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the <hl> lowest levels of corruption in the world <hl> \".[c]", "paragraph_id": "5d670e972b22cd4dfcfbec94"}
{"question": "Which county has the highest per capita income in the USA?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is the economic engine of New York City, with its 2.3 million workers in 2007 drawn from the entire New York metropolitan area accounting for almost two-thirds of all jobs in New York City. In the first quarter of 2014, the average weekly wage in Manhattan (New York County) was $2,749, representing the highest total among large counties in the United States. Manhattan's workforce is overwhelmingly focused on white collar professions, with manufacturing nearly extinct. Manhattan also has the highest per capita income of any county in the United States.", "answer": "Manhattan", "sentence": "Manhattan is the economic engine of New York City, with its 2.3 million workers in 2007 drawn from the entire New York metropolitan area accounting for almost two-thirds of all jobs in New York City.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Manhattan is the economic engine of New York City, with its 2.3 million workers in 2007 drawn from the entire New York metropolitan area accounting for almost two-thirds of all jobs in New York City. <hl> In the first quarter of 2014, the average weekly wage in Manhattan (New York County) was $2,749, representing the highest total among large counties in the United States. Manhattan's workforce is overwhelmingly focused on white collar professions, with manufacturing nearly extinct. Manhattan also has the highest per capita income of any county in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Manhattan <hl> is the economic engine of New York City, with its 2.3 million workers in 2007 drawn from the entire New York metropolitan area accounting for almost two-thirds of all jobs in New York City. In the first quarter of 2014, the average weekly wage in Manhattan (New York County) was $2,749, representing the highest total among large counties in the United States. Manhattan's workforce is overwhelmingly focused on white collar professions, with manufacturing nearly extinct. Manhattan also has the highest per capita income of any county in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Manhattan <hl> is the economic engine of New York City, with its 2.3 million workers in 2007 drawn from the entire New York metropolitan area accounting for almost two-thirds of all jobs in New York City.", "paragraph_id": "5d67271b2b22cd4dfcfbf0f9"}
{"question": "What was the shell of Windows 1.0 known as?", "paragraph": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity.  Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "answer": "MS-DOS Executive", "sentence": "The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive .", "paragraph_sentence": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. <hl> The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive . <hl> Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the <hl> MS-DOS Executive <hl>. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "sentence_answer": "The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the <hl> MS-DOS Executive <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66eeac2b22cd4dfcfbe5cf"}
{"question": "Principles of what kind of engineering are applied to a variety of mechanical structures?", "paragraph": "Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "answer": "structural engineering", "sentence": "Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Principles of structural engineering are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. <hl> The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "paragraph_answer": "Principles of <hl> structural engineering <hl> are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures. The design of static structures assumes they always have the same geometry (in fact, so-called static structures can move significantly, and structural engineering design must take this into account where necessary), but the design of moveable or moving structures must account for fatigue, variation in the method in which load is resisted and significant deflections of structures.", "sentence_answer": "Principles of <hl> structural engineering <hl> are applied to variety of mechanical (moveable) structures.", "paragraph_id": "5d6789772b22cd4dfcfbfe2c"}
{"question": "How many job creation arguments did Bittle & Johnson explore?", "paragraph": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "answer": "14", "sentence": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_sentence": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. <hl> Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. <hl> These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "paragraph_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of <hl> 14 <hl> job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "sentence_answer": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of <hl> 14 <hl> job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e3e2b22cd4dfcfbec80"}
{"question": "What was the name of the first fully professional hockey league?", "paragraph": "Professional hockey has existed since the early 20th century. By 1902, the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League was the first to employ professionals. The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)\u2014in 1904. The WPHL and IPHL hired players from Canada; in response, Canadian leagues began to pay players (who played with amateurs). The IPHL, cut off from its largest source of players, disbanded in 1907. By then, several professional hockey leagues were operating in Canada (with leagues in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec).", "answer": "the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL)", "sentence": "The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014 the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) \u2014in 1904.", "paragraph_sentence": "Professional hockey has existed since the early 20th century. By 1902, the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League was the first to employ professionals. <hl> The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014 the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) \u2014in 1904. <hl> The WPHL and IPHL hired players from Canada; in response, Canadian leagues began to pay players (who played with amateurs). The IPHL, cut off from its largest source of players, disbanded in 1907. By then, several professional hockey leagues were operating in Canada (with leagues in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec).", "paragraph_answer": "Professional hockey has existed since the early 20th century. By 1902, the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League was the first to employ professionals. The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014<hl> the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) <hl>\u2014in 1904. The WPHL and IPHL hired players from Canada; in response, Canadian leagues began to pay players (who played with amateurs). The IPHL, cut off from its largest source of players, disbanded in 1907. By then, several professional hockey leagues were operating in Canada (with leagues in Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec).", "sentence_answer": "The league joined with teams in Michigan and Ontario to form the first fully professional league\u2014 <hl> the International Professional Hockey League (IPHL) <hl> \u2014in 1904.", "paragraph_id": "5d666e172b22cd4dfcfbdec6"}
{"question": "What does the New York Times think about the usage of apostrophes in abbreviations?", "paragraph": "Multiple options arise when acronyms are spelled with periods and are pluralized: for example, whether compact discs may become C.D.'s, C.D.s, or CDs. Possessive plurals that also include apostrophes for mere pluralization and periods appear especially complex: for example, the C.D.'s' labels (the labels of the compact discs). This is yet another reason to use apostrophes only for possessives and not for plurals. In some instances, however, an apostrophe may increase clarity: for example, if the final letter of an abbreviation is S, as in SOS's (although abbreviations ending with S can also take -es, e.g. SOSes), or when pluralizing an abbreviation that has periods. However, the style guide for the New York Times states that the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations, preferring \"PC's, TV's and VCR's\".", "answer": "the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations", "sentence": "However, the style guide for the New York Times states that the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations , preferring \"PC's, TV's and VCR's\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Multiple options arise when acronyms are spelled with periods and are pluralized: for example, whether compact discs may become C.D.'s, C.D.s, or CDs. Possessive plurals that also include apostrophes for mere pluralization and periods appear especially complex: for example, the C.D.'s' labels (the labels of the compact discs). This is yet another reason to use apostrophes only for possessives and not for plurals. In some instances, however, an apostrophe may increase clarity: for example, if the final letter of an abbreviation is S, as in SOS's (although abbreviations ending with S can also take -es, e.g. SOSes), or when pluralizing an abbreviation that has periods. <hl> However, the style guide for the New York Times states that the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations , preferring \"PC's, TV's and VCR's\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Multiple options arise when acronyms are spelled with periods and are pluralized: for example, whether compact discs may become C.D.'s, C.D.s, or CDs. Possessive plurals that also include apostrophes for mere pluralization and periods appear especially complex: for example, the C.D.'s' labels (the labels of the compact discs). This is yet another reason to use apostrophes only for possessives and not for plurals. In some instances, however, an apostrophe may increase clarity: for example, if the final letter of an abbreviation is S, as in SOS's (although abbreviations ending with S can also take -es, e.g. SOSes), or when pluralizing an abbreviation that has periods. However, the style guide for the New York Times states that <hl> the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations <hl>, preferring \"PC's, TV's and VCR's\".", "sentence_answer": "However, the style guide for the New York Times states that <hl> the addition of an apostrophe is necessary when pluralizing all abbreviations <hl> , preferring \"PC's, TV's and VCR's\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65a9df2b22cd4dfcfbcaf5"}
{"question": "Most often what does the term checking refer to?", "paragraph": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "answer": "body checking", "sentence": "Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking , with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "paragraph_sentence": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). <hl> Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking , with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to <hl> body checking <hl>, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "sentence_answer": "Often the term checking is used to refer to <hl> body checking <hl> , with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d41c2b22cd4dfcfbce3a"}
{"question": "What are the names of the two palaces that once held some of the grounds that have since been designated as public parks:", "paragraph": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "answer": "Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace", "sentence": "G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014 Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace \u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. <hl> G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014 Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace \u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. <hl> Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014<hl> Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace <hl>\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "sentence_answer": "G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014 <hl> Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace <hl> \u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc292b22cd4dfcfbcf67"}
{"question": "What was one of the most important Revolutions?", "paragraph": "Nevertheless, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that it was neither a matter of strictly economics nor of morals. First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. This argument holds that Eurocentric history has been blind to the most important element in this fight for emancipation, precisely, the constant revolt and antagonism of slaves' revolts. The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "answer": "the Haitian Revolution.", "sentence": "The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "paragraph_sentence": "Nevertheless, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that it was neither a matter of strictly economics nor of morals. First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. This argument holds that Eurocentric history has been blind to the most important element in this fight for emancipation, precisely, the constant revolt and antagonism of slaves' revolts. <hl> The most important of those being the Haitian Revolution. The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Nevertheless, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri argue that it was neither a matter of strictly economics nor of morals. First, because slavery was (in practice) still beneficial to capitalism, providing not only influx of capital, but also disciplining hardship into workers (a form of \"apprenticeship\" to the capitalist industrial plant). The more \"recent\" argument of a \"moral shift\" (the basis of the previous lines of this article) is described by Hardt and Negri as an \"ideological\" apparatus in order to eliminate the sentiment of guilt in western society. Although moral arguments did play a secondary role, it usually had major resonance when used as a strategy to undercut competitors' profits. This argument holds that Eurocentric history has been blind to the most important element in this fight for emancipation, precisely, the constant revolt and antagonism of slaves' revolts. The most important of those being <hl> the Haitian Revolution. <hl> The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "sentence_answer": "The most important of those being <hl> the Haitian Revolution. <hl> The shock of this revolution in 1804, certainly introduces an essential political argument into the end of slavery trade, which happen only three years later.", "paragraph_id": "5d6601672b22cd4dfcfbd567"}
{"question": "What was \"the last battle of Wold War Two in Europe\"?", "paragraph": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Battle of Poljana", "sentence": "The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. <hl> The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", <hl> the Battle of Poljana <hl>, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", <hl> the Battle of Poljana <hl> , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb522b22cd4dfcfc00d4"}
{"question": "How is signum function denoted?", "paragraph": "A general function is often denoted by f. Special functions have names, for example, the signum function is denoted by sgn. Given a real number x, its image under the signum function is then written as sgn(x). Here, the argument is denoted by the symbol x, but different symbols may be used in other contexts. For example, in physics, the velocity of some body, depending on the time, is denoted v(t). The parentheses around the argument may be omitted when there is little chance of confusion, thus: sin\u200ax; this is known as prefix notation.", "answer": "sgn(x)", "sentence": "Given a real number x, its image under the signum function is then written as sgn(x) .", "paragraph_sentence": "A general function is often denoted by f. Special functions have names, for example, the signum function is denoted by sgn. <hl> Given a real number x, its image under the signum function is then written as sgn(x) . <hl> Here, the argument is denoted by the symbol x, but different symbols may be used in other contexts. For example, in physics, the velocity of some body, depending on the time, is denoted v(t). The parentheses around the argument may be omitted when there is little chance of confusion, thus: sin x; this is known as prefix notation.", "paragraph_answer": "A general function is often denoted by f. Special functions have names, for example, the signum function is denoted by sgn. Given a real number x, its image under the signum function is then written as <hl> sgn(x) <hl>. Here, the argument is denoted by the symbol x, but different symbols may be used in other contexts. For example, in physics, the velocity of some body, depending on the time, is denoted v(t). The parentheses around the argument may be omitted when there is little chance of confusion, thus: sin x; this is known as prefix notation.", "sentence_answer": "Given a real number x, its image under the signum function is then written as <hl> sgn(x) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6615512b22cd4dfcfbd813"}
{"question": "Habitative elements may have different meanings according to what?", "paragraph": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "answer": "different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements", "sentence": "The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements .", "paragraph_sentence": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. <hl> The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements . <hl> For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "paragraph_answer": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to <hl> different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements <hl>. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "sentence_answer": "The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to <hl> different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6739a42b22cd4dfcfbf303"}
{"question": "What rank does Istanbul rank among the world's largest cities?", "paragraph": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side.\nThe city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "answer": "Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper", "sentence": "Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. <hl> Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. <hl> Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper <hl> and the largest European city.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper <hl> and the largest European city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ddcf2b22cd4dfcfbcfd2"}
{"question": "What does a call stack structure contain?", "paragraph": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram. In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "answer": "one activation record for each suspended subprogram", "sentence": "As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram .", "paragraph_sentence": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. <hl> As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram . <hl> In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "paragraph_answer": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of <hl> one activation record for each suspended subprogram <hl>. In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "sentence_answer": "As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of <hl> one activation record for each suspended subprogram <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675bfe2b22cd4dfcfbf85f"}
{"question": "If the definition has parentheses what does it mean for each formula?", "paragraph": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "answer": "there is a unique parse tree", "sentence": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). <hl> This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "paragraph_answer": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, <hl> there is a unique parse tree <hl> for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "sentence_answer": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, <hl> there is a unique parse tree <hl> for each formula).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6d42b22cd4dfcfbccce"}
{"question": "Which version of Windows started using a permission based file system?", "paragraph": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders.", "answer": "Windows NT 3", "sentence": "All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> All Windows versions from Windows NT 3 have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. <hl> These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders.", "paragraph_answer": "All Windows versions from <hl> Windows NT 3 <hl> have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members. These global groups then hold other groups or users depending on different Windows versions used. This system varies from other vendor products such as Linux and NetWare due to the 'static' allocation of permission being applied directory to the file or folder. However using this process of AGLP/AGDLP/AGUDLP allows a small number of static permissions to be applied and allows for easy changes to the account groups without reapplying the file permissions on the files and folders.", "sentence_answer": "All Windows versions from <hl> Windows NT 3 <hl> have been based on a file system permission system referred to as AGLP (Accounts, Global, Local, Permissions) AGDLP which in essence where file permissions are applied to the file/folder in the form of a 'local group' which then has other 'global groups' as members.", "paragraph_id": "5d6731e52b22cd4dfcfbf246"}
{"question": "What are the legal methods of using the stick to gain possession of the puck?", "paragraph": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "answer": "Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking", "sentence": "Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck.", "paragraph_sentence": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. <hl> Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. <hl> The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "paragraph_answer": "An important defensive tactic is checking\u2014attempting to take the puck from an opponent or to remove the opponent from play. <hl> Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking <hl> are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck. The neutral zone trap is designed to isolate the puck carrier in the neutral zone preventing him from entering the offensive zone. Body checking is using one's shoulder or hip to strike an opponent who has the puck or who is the last to have touched it (the last person to have touched the puck is still legally \"in possession\" of it, although a penalty is generally called if he is checked more than two seconds after his last touch). Often the term checking is used to refer to body checking, with its true definition generally only propagated among fans of the game.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Stick checking, sweep checking, and poke checking <hl> are legal uses of the stick to obtain possession of the puck.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d41c2b22cd4dfcfbce38"}
{"question": "What day of the week is the parade during E-Week?", "paragraph": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "answer": "Friday", "sentence": "The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday , a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening.", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. <hl> The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday , a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. <hl> Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "paragraph_answer": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on <hl> Friday <hl>, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "sentence_answer": "The festivities reach climax with a parade on <hl> Friday <hl> , a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening.", "paragraph_id": "5d676d7f2b22cd4dfcfbfb39"}
{"question": "Which group was first utilized as labour?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage, itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to exploit New World land and resources for capital profits. Native peoples were at first utilized as slave labour by Europeans, until a large number died from overwork and Old World diseases. Alternative sources of labour, such as indentured servitude, failed to provide a sufficient workforce.\nMany crops could not be sold for profit, or even grown, in Europe. Exporting crops and goods from the New World to Europe often proved to be more profitable than producing them on the European mainland. A vast amount of labour was needed to create and sustain plantations that required intensive labour to grow, harvest, and process prized tropical crops. Western Africa (part of which became known as \"the Slave Coast\"), and later Central Africa, became the source for enslaved people to meet the demand for labour.", "answer": "Native peoples", "sentence": "Native peoples were at first utilized as slave labour by Europeans, until a large number died from overwork and Old World diseases.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage, itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to exploit New World land and resources for capital profits. <hl> Native peoples were at first utilized as slave labour by Europeans, until a large number died from overwork and Old World diseases. <hl> Alternative sources of labour, such as indentured servitude, failed to provide a sufficient workforce. Many crops could not be sold for profit, or even grown, in Europe. Exporting crops and goods from the New World to Europe often proved to be more profitable than producing them on the European mainland. A vast amount of labour was needed to create and sustain plantations that required intensive labour to grow, harvest, and process prized tropical crops. Western Africa (part of which became known as \"the Slave Coast\"), and later Central Africa, became the source for enslaved people to meet the demand for labour.", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage, itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to exploit New World land and resources for capital profits. <hl> Native peoples <hl> were at first utilized as slave labour by Europeans, until a large number died from overwork and Old World diseases. Alternative sources of labour, such as indentured servitude, failed to provide a sufficient workforce. Many crops could not be sold for profit, or even grown, in Europe. Exporting crops and goods from the New World to Europe often proved to be more profitable than producing them on the European mainland. A vast amount of labour was needed to create and sustain plantations that required intensive labour to grow, harvest, and process prized tropical crops. Western Africa (part of which became known as \"the Slave Coast\"), and later Central Africa, became the source for enslaved people to meet the demand for labour.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Native peoples <hl> were at first utilized as slave labour by Europeans, until a large number died from overwork and Old World diseases.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7222b22cd4dfcfbd44b"}
{"question": "In what city is the Ali Forney center?", "paragraph": "Another emerging concern at the onset of this decade was the disproportionate representation of the LGBTQ community among the population of unaccompanied youth experiencing homelessness. In 2002, activist and youth advocate Carl Siciliano founded the Ali Forney Center\u2014a homeless shelter in New York City that is dedicated specifically to providing aid and shelter to homeless and at-risk LGBTQ youth. The center takes its name from a homosexual teenager who lived on the streets for much of the 1990s. While homeless, Ali Forney protected other LGBTQ homeless youth by performing HIV prevention and awareness work. He also urged the NYPD to investigate the murders of several homosexual homeless youth whom he had befriended during his time on the street. In 1997, Ali Forney was himself murdered by an attacker who has not yet been identified. However, Ali's outreach and advocacy work inspired Carl Siciliano to found an organization dedicated to improving the lives of LGBTQ homeless youth in New York. The Ali Forney Center provides both emergency and transitional housing for homosexual homeless youth, whose numbers account for anywhere between 20\u201340% of the 2.1 million homeless youth in America. The percentage of LGBTQ homeless youth is much higher than that of the general population, which runs between 5\u201310%. The work of the Ali Forney Center is one example of the ways that the social service community has responded to the needs of growing sub-populations of those experiencing homelessness.", "answer": "New York City", "sentence": "In 2002, activist and youth advocate Carl Siciliano founded the Ali Forney Center\u2014a homeless shelter in New York City that is dedicated specifically to providing aid and shelter to homeless and at-risk LGBTQ youth.", "paragraph_sentence": "Another emerging concern at the onset of this decade was the disproportionate representation of the LGBTQ community among the population of unaccompanied youth experiencing homelessness. <hl> In 2002, activist and youth advocate Carl Siciliano founded the Ali Forney Center\u2014a homeless shelter in New York City that is dedicated specifically to providing aid and shelter to homeless and at-risk LGBTQ youth. <hl> The center takes its name from a homosexual teenager who lived on the streets for much of the 1990s. While homeless, Ali Forney protected other LGBTQ homeless youth by performing HIV prevention and awareness work. He also urged the NYPD to investigate the murders of several homosexual homeless youth whom he had befriended during his time on the street. In 1997, Ali Forney was himself murdered by an attacker who has not yet been identified. However, Ali's outreach and advocacy work inspired Carl Siciliano to found an organization dedicated to improving the lives of LGBTQ homeless youth in New York. The Ali Forney Center provides both emergency and transitional housing for homosexual homeless youth, whose numbers account for anywhere between 20\u201340% of the 2.1 million homeless youth in America. The percentage of LGBTQ homeless youth is much higher than that of the general population, which runs between 5\u201310%. The work of the Ali Forney Center is one example of the ways that the social service community has responded to the needs of growing sub-populations of those experiencing homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "Another emerging concern at the onset of this decade was the disproportionate representation of the LGBTQ community among the population of unaccompanied youth experiencing homelessness. In 2002, activist and youth advocate Carl Siciliano founded the Ali Forney Center\u2014a homeless shelter in <hl> New York City <hl> that is dedicated specifically to providing aid and shelter to homeless and at-risk LGBTQ youth. The center takes its name from a homosexual teenager who lived on the streets for much of the 1990s. While homeless, Ali Forney protected other LGBTQ homeless youth by performing HIV prevention and awareness work. He also urged the NYPD to investigate the murders of several homosexual homeless youth whom he had befriended during his time on the street. In 1997, Ali Forney was himself murdered by an attacker who has not yet been identified. However, Ali's outreach and advocacy work inspired Carl Siciliano to found an organization dedicated to improving the lives of LGBTQ homeless youth in New York. The Ali Forney Center provides both emergency and transitional housing for homosexual homeless youth, whose numbers account for anywhere between 20\u201340% of the 2.1 million homeless youth in America. The percentage of LGBTQ homeless youth is much higher than that of the general population, which runs between 5\u201310%. The work of the Ali Forney Center is one example of the ways that the social service community has responded to the needs of growing sub-populations of those experiencing homelessness.", "sentence_answer": "In 2002, activist and youth advocate Carl Siciliano founded the Ali Forney Center\u2014a homeless shelter in <hl> New York City <hl> that is dedicated specifically to providing aid and shelter to homeless and at-risk LGBTQ youth.", "paragraph_id": "5d6605282b22cd4dfcfbd5d4"}
{"question": "squalene is folded up and formed into a set of rings to create what?", "paragraph": "Terpenes and isoprenoids, including the carotenoids, are made by the assembly and modification of isoprene units donated from the reactive precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. These precursors can be made in different ways. In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. One important reaction that uses these activated isoprene donors is steroid biosynthesis. Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol. Lanosterol can then be converted into other steroids such as cholesterol and ergosterol.", "answer": "lanosterol", "sentence": "Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol .", "paragraph_sentence": "Terpenes and isoprenoids, including the carotenoids, are made by the assembly and modification of isoprene units donated from the reactive precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. These precursors can be made in different ways. In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. One important reaction that uses these activated isoprene donors is steroid biosynthesis. <hl> Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make lanosterol . <hl> Lanosterol can then be converted into other steroids such as cholesterol and ergosterol.", "paragraph_answer": "Terpenes and isoprenoids, including the carotenoids, are made by the assembly and modification of isoprene units donated from the reactive precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. These precursors can be made in different ways. In animals and archaea, the mevalonate pathway produces these compounds from acetyl-CoA, while in plants and bacteria the non-mevalonate pathway uses pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as substrates. One important reaction that uses these activated isoprene donors is steroid biosynthesis. Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make <hl> lanosterol <hl>. Lanosterol can then be converted into other steroids such as cholesterol and ergosterol.", "sentence_answer": "Here, the isoprene units are joined together to make squalene and then folded up and formed into a set of rings to make <hl> lanosterol <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d68036a2b22cd4dfcfc0503"}
{"question": "When was the microscope invented?", "paragraph": "Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s. The procedure used a silver chromate salt to reveal the intricate structures of individual neurons. His technique was used by Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal and led to the formation of the neuron doctrine, the hypothesis that the functional unit of the brain is the neuron. Golgi and Ram\u00f3n y Cajal shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906 for their extensive observations, descriptions, and categorizations of neurons throughout the brain. While Luigi Galvani's pioneering work in the late 1700s had set the stage for studying the electrical excitability of muscles and neurons, it was in the late 19th century that Emil du Bois-Reymond, Johannes Peter M\u00fcller, and Hermann von Helmholtz demonstrated that the electrical excitation of neurons predictably affected the electrical states of adjacent neurons,[citation needed] and Richard Caton found electrical phenomena in the cerebral hemispheres of rabbits and monkeys.", "answer": "late 1890s", "sentence": "Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s . <hl> The procedure used a silver chromate salt to reveal the intricate structures of individual neurons. His technique was used by Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal and led to the formation of the neuron doctrine, the hypothesis that the functional unit of the brain is the neuron. Golgi and Ram\u00f3n y Cajal shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906 for their extensive observations, descriptions, and categorizations of neurons throughout the brain. While Luigi Galvani's pioneering work in the late 1700s had set the stage for studying the electrical excitability of muscles and neurons, it was in the late 19th century that Emil du Bois-Reymond, Johannes Peter M\u00fcller, and Hermann von Helmholtz demonstrated that the electrical excitation of neurons predictably affected the electrical states of adjacent neurons,[citation needed] and Richard Caton found electrical phenomena in the cerebral hemispheres of rabbits and monkeys.", "paragraph_answer": "Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the <hl> late 1890s <hl>. The procedure used a silver chromate salt to reveal the intricate structures of individual neurons. His technique was used by Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal and led to the formation of the neuron doctrine, the hypothesis that the functional unit of the brain is the neuron. Golgi and Ram\u00f3n y Cajal shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906 for their extensive observations, descriptions, and categorizations of neurons throughout the brain. While Luigi Galvani's pioneering work in the late 1700s had set the stage for studying the electrical excitability of muscles and neurons, it was in the late 19th century that Emil du Bois-Reymond, Johannes Peter M\u00fcller, and Hermann von Helmholtz demonstrated that the electrical excitation of neurons predictably affected the electrical states of adjacent neurons,[citation needed] and Richard Caton found electrical phenomena in the cerebral hemispheres of rabbits and monkeys.", "sentence_answer": "Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the <hl> late 1890s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67acef2b22cd4dfcfbff96"}
{"question": "When did African slaves first come to Hispaniola?", "paragraph": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "answer": "1501", "sentence": "The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). <hl> The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501 . <hl> After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "paragraph_answer": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in <hl> 1501 <hl>. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "sentence_answer": "The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in <hl> 1501 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65da752b22cd4dfcfbcf1d"}
{"question": "What length of proofs incur in metalogical results by restrictions?", "paragraph": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "answer": "shorter", "sentence": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. <hl> The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to <hl> shorter <hl> proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "sentence_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to <hl> shorter <hl> proofs of metalogical results.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e69f2b22cd4dfcfbe503"}
{"question": "What is neuroethology and neuropsychology?", "paragraph": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "answer": "how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors", "sentence": "The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors .", "paragraph_sentence": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? <hl> The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors . <hl> Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "paragraph_answer": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of <hl> how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors <hl>. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "sentence_answer": "The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of <hl> how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b3d82b22cd4dfcfbffd9"}
{"question": "How tall are the arches that surround the Nationality Rooms?", "paragraph": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\"  The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "answer": "16 m", "sentence": "Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot ( 16 m ) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\" The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. <hl> Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot ( 16 m ) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\" The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (<hl> 16 m <hl>) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "sentence_answer": "Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot ( <hl> 16 m <hl> ) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5312b22cd4dfcfbe796"}
{"question": "What was the issue at the plants at Gray's Inn Road in London?", "paragraph": "TNL was plagued by a series of industrial disputes at its plant at Gray's Inn Road in London, with the print unions resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method with technology that would allow the papers to be composed electronically.  Thomson offered to invest millions of pounds to buy out obstructive practices and overmanning, but the unions rejected every proposal. As a result, publication of The Sunday Times and other titles in the group was suspended in November 1978. It did not resume until November 1979.", "answer": "resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method", "sentence": "TNL was plagued by a series of industrial disputes at its plant at Gray's Inn Road in London, with the print unions resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method with technology that would allow the papers to be composed electronically.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> TNL was plagued by a series of industrial disputes at its plant at Gray's Inn Road in London, with the print unions resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method with technology that would allow the papers to be composed electronically. <hl> Thomson offered to invest millions of pounds to buy out obstructive practices and overmanning, but the unions rejected every proposal. As a result, publication of The Sunday Times and other titles in the group was suspended in November 1978. It did not resume until November 1979.", "paragraph_answer": "TNL was plagued by a series of industrial disputes at its plant at Gray's Inn Road in London, with the print unions <hl> resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method <hl> with technology that would allow the papers to be composed electronically. Thomson offered to invest millions of pounds to buy out obstructive practices and overmanning, but the unions rejected every proposal. As a result, publication of The Sunday Times and other titles in the group was suspended in November 1978. It did not resume until November 1979.", "sentence_answer": "TNL was plagued by a series of industrial disputes at its plant at Gray's Inn Road in London, with the print unions <hl> resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method <hl> with technology that would allow the papers to be composed electronically.", "paragraph_id": "5d6774622b22cd4dfcfbfc78"}
{"question": "What kind of non-glyceride lipid components are also found in biological membranes?", "paragraph": "Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that carry out different biological functions. The glycerophospholipids are the main structural component of biological membranes, such as the cellular plasma membrane and the intracellular membranes of organelles; in animal cells the plasma membrane physically separates the intracellular components from the extracellular environment.[citation needed] The glycerophospholipids are amphipathic molecules (containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions) that contain a glycerol core linked to two fatty acid-derived \"tails\" by ester linkages and to one \"head\" group by a phosphate ester linkage.[citation needed] While glycerophospholipids are the major component of biological membranes, other non-glyceride lipid components such as sphingomyelin and sterols (mainly cholesterol in animal cell membranes) are also found in biological membranes. In plants and algae, the galactosyldiacylglycerols, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, which lack a phosphate group, are important components of membranes of chloroplasts and related organelles and are the most abundant lipids in photosynthetic tissues, including those of higher plants, algae and certain bacteria.[citation needed]", "answer": "sphingomyelin and sterols", "sentence": "The glycerophospholipids are amphipathic molecules (containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions) that contain a glycerol core linked to two fatty acid-derived \"tails\" by ester linkages and to one \"head\" group by a phosphate ester linkage.[citation needed] While glycerophospholipids are the major component of biological membranes, other non-glyceride lipid components such as sphingomyelin and sterols (mainly cholesterol in animal cell membranes) are also found in biological membranes.", "paragraph_sentence": "Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that carry out different biological functions. The glycerophospholipids are the main structural component of biological membranes, such as the cellular plasma membrane and the intracellular membranes of organelles; in animal cells the plasma membrane physically separates the intracellular components from the extracellular environment.[citation needed] <hl> The glycerophospholipids are amphipathic molecules (containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions) that contain a glycerol core linked to two fatty acid-derived \"tails\" by ester linkages and to one \"head\" group by a phosphate ester linkage.[citation needed] While glycerophospholipids are the major component of biological membranes, other non-glyceride lipid components such as sphingomyelin and sterols (mainly cholesterol in animal cell membranes) are also found in biological membranes. <hl> In plants and algae, the galactosyldiacylglycerols, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, which lack a phosphate group, are important components of membranes of chloroplasts and related organelles and are the most abundant lipids in photosynthetic tissues, including those of higher plants, algae and certain bacteria.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that carry out different biological functions. The glycerophospholipids are the main structural component of biological membranes, such as the cellular plasma membrane and the intracellular membranes of organelles; in animal cells the plasma membrane physically separates the intracellular components from the extracellular environment.[citation needed] The glycerophospholipids are amphipathic molecules (containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions) that contain a glycerol core linked to two fatty acid-derived \"tails\" by ester linkages and to one \"head\" group by a phosphate ester linkage.[citation needed] While glycerophospholipids are the major component of biological membranes, other non-glyceride lipid components such as <hl> sphingomyelin and sterols <hl> (mainly cholesterol in animal cell membranes) are also found in biological membranes. In plants and algae, the galactosyldiacylglycerols, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, which lack a phosphate group, are important components of membranes of chloroplasts and related organelles and are the most abundant lipids in photosynthetic tissues, including those of higher plants, algae and certain bacteria.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The glycerophospholipids are amphipathic molecules (containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions) that contain a glycerol core linked to two fatty acid-derived \"tails\" by ester linkages and to one \"head\" group by a phosphate ester linkage.[citation needed] While glycerophospholipids are the major component of biological membranes, other non-glyceride lipid components such as <hl> sphingomyelin and sterols <hl> (mainly cholesterol in animal cell membranes) are also found in biological membranes.", "paragraph_id": "5d674a3e2b22cd4dfcfbf51d"}
{"question": "Why were the Royal Yugoslav Army defeated so quickly?", "paragraph": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "answer": "the Army attempted to defend all borders", "sentence": "Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "paragraph_sentence": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. <hl> Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, <hl> the Army attempted to defend all borders <hl> but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "sentence_answer": "Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, <hl> the Army attempted to defend all borders <hl> but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fb8f2b22cd4dfcfc04d2"}
{"question": "What is the major geographical body that divides the east from the west?", "paragraph": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year). Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including Quebec, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley. Britain also gained Spanish Florida, from which it formed the colonies of East and West Florida. In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection.", "answer": "Mississippi River", "sentence": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year)", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year) <hl> . Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including Quebec, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley. Britain also gained Spanish Florida, from which it formed the colonies of East and West Florida. In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the <hl> Mississippi River <hl> to Spain the previous year). Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including Quebec, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley. Britain also gained Spanish Florida, from which it formed the colonies of East and West Florida. In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection.", "sentence_answer": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the <hl> Mississippi River <hl> to Spain the previous year)", "paragraph_id": "5d662a6c2b22cd4dfcfbda6a"}
{"question": "What is a declension?", "paragraph": "A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, a group of nouns with similar inflected forms. The declensions are identified by the genitive singular form of the noun. The first declension, with a predominant ending letter of a, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ae. The second declension, with a predominant ending letter of o, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -i. The third declension, with a predominant ending letter of i, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -is. The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -\u016bs. And the fifth declension, with a predominant ending letter of e, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ei.", "answer": "a group of nouns with similar inflected forms", "sentence": "A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, a group of nouns with similar inflected forms .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, a group of nouns with similar inflected forms . <hl> The declensions are identified by the genitive singular form of the noun. The first declension, with a predominant ending letter of a, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ae. The second declension, with a predominant ending letter of o, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -i. The third declension, with a predominant ending letter of i, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -is. The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -\u016bs. And the fifth declension, with a predominant ending letter of e, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ei.", "paragraph_answer": "A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, <hl> a group of nouns with similar inflected forms <hl>. The declensions are identified by the genitive singular form of the noun. The first declension, with a predominant ending letter of a, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ae. The second declension, with a predominant ending letter of o, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -i. The third declension, with a predominant ending letter of i, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -is. The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -\u016bs. And the fifth declension, with a predominant ending letter of e, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ei.", "sentence_answer": "A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, <hl> a group of nouns with similar inflected forms <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3ef2b22cd4dfcfbd3c7"}
{"question": "What US president preceded Taft?", "paragraph": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "answer": "Theodore Roosevelt", "sentence": "The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt , William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies.", "paragraph_sentence": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. <hl> The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt , William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. <hl> When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "paragraph_answer": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents <hl> Theodore Roosevelt <hl>, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "sentence_answer": "The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents <hl> Theodore Roosevelt <hl> , William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de972b22cd4dfcfbd02d"}
{"question": "In 1936 who came to conclusion about logical validity of arbitrary formulas?", "paragraph": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "answer": "Alonzo Church", "sentence": "This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. <hl> This result was established independently by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. <hl> Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike propositional logic, first-order logic is undecidable (although semidecidable), provided that the language has at least one predicate of arity at least 2 (other than equality). This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid. This result was established independently by <hl> Alonzo Church <hl> and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928. Their proofs demonstrate a connection between the unsolvability of the decision problem for first-order logic and the unsolvability of the halting problem.", "sentence_answer": "This result was established independently by <hl> Alonzo Church <hl> and Alan Turing in 1936 and 1937, respectively, giving a negative answer to the Entscheidungsproblem posed by David Hilbert in 1928.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713162b22cd4dfcfbee1b"}
{"question": "In what year was the Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup awarded?", "paragraph": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. In 1892, realizing that there was no recognition for the best team in Canada (although a number of leagues had championship trophies), he purchased a silver bowl for use as a trophy. The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. Stanley's son Arthur helped organize the Ontario Hockey Association, and Stanley's daughter Isobel was one of the first women to play ice hockey.", "answer": "1893", "sentence": "The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. In 1892, realizing that there was no recognition for the best team in Canada (although a number of leagues had championship trophies), he purchased a silver bowl for use as a trophy. <hl> The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. <hl> Stanley's son Arthur helped organize the Ontario Hockey Association, and Stanley's daughter Isobel was one of the first women to play ice hockey.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. In 1892, realizing that there was no recognition for the best team in Canada (although a number of leagues had championship trophies), he purchased a silver bowl for use as a trophy. The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in <hl> 1893 <hl> to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. Stanley's son Arthur helped organize the Ontario Hockey Association, and Stanley's daughter Isobel was one of the first women to play ice hockey.", "sentence_answer": "The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in <hl> 1893 <hl> to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team.", "paragraph_id": "5d66641b2b22cd4dfcfbdd94"}
{"question": "The English captured New Amsterdam in what year?", "paragraph": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s.\nTraces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "answer": "1664", "sentence": "The city was captured by the English in 1664 ; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York.", "paragraph_sentence": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. <hl> The city was captured by the English in 1664 ; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. <hl> However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s. Traces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "paragraph_answer": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. The city was captured by the English in <hl> 1664 <hl>; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s. Traces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "sentence_answer": "The city was captured by the English in <hl> 1664 <hl> ; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e59a2b22cd4dfcfbd1a5"}
{"question": "What is believed to have played an even larger role than geologic factors in locating the skyscrapers near mid-Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "answer": "economic factors", "sentence": "However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "paragraph_sentence": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. <hl> However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that <hl> economic factors <hl> played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "sentence_answer": "However, research has shown that <hl> economic factors <hl> played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "paragraph_id": "5d672b382b22cd4dfcfbf17b"}
{"question": "As you head north or east on the Baltic Sea does the salinity increase or decrease?", "paragraph": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "answer": "decreases", "sentence": "The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. <hl> The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. <hl> At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily <hl> decreases <hl> towards North and East. At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "The salinity steadily <hl> decreases <hl> towards North and East.", "paragraph_id": "5d661c152b22cd4dfcfbd90c"}
{"question": "What do the tests of contracts measure?", "paragraph": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties.  If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance.", "answer": "reasonableness and significance", "sentence": " If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance .", "paragraph_sentence": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. <hl> If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of reasonableness and significance . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The contract should be considered to include any other agreements, written or oral, that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. Ideally, the contract should contain an 'Entire Agreement' clause that assures there are no undisclosed written or oral side agreements that confer rights, create obligations, or create benefits on the part of either or both parties. If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of <hl> reasonableness and significance <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " If such rights, obligations or benefits exist, they must be factored into the tests of <hl> reasonableness and significance <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8e82b22cd4dfcfbcd6c"}
{"question": "What did Jungle inherited from the UK's hip-hop scene?", "paragraph": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "answer": "some associations with violence and criminal activity", "sentence": "Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity , both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples).", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. <hl> Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity , both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). <hl> However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited <hl> some associations with violence and criminal activity <hl>, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "sentence_answer": "Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited <hl> some associations with violence and criminal activity <hl> , both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples).", "paragraph_id": "5d66a5e12b22cd4dfcfbe3a4"}
{"question": "How many partisans joined the fight against Armed Forces in 1945?", "paragraph": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "answer": "800,000", "sentence": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. <hl> The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over <hl> 800,000 <hl> strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over <hl> 800,000 <hl> strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb522b22cd4dfcfc00d3"}
{"question": "Which form of mechanics is best utilized to comprehend plates?", "paragraph": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "answer": "continuum", "sentence": "Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "paragraph_sentence": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. <hl> Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. Plates are understood by using <hl> continuum <hl> mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "sentence_answer": "Plates are understood by using <hl> continuum <hl> mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "paragraph_id": "5d67551c2b22cd4dfcfbf752"}
{"question": "While controlled by the British, Manhattan was damaged by what disaster?", "paragraph": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "answer": "Great Fire of New York", "sentence": "Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. <hl> Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. <hl> British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the <hl> Great Fire of New York <hl> during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan was greatly damaged by the <hl> Great Fire of New York <hl> during the British military rule that followed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6701092b22cd4dfcfbea01"}
{"question": "What property is taxable in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "answer": "All real and personal property", "sentence": "All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. <hl> All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> All real and personal property <hl> located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> All real and personal property <hl> located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667782b22cd4dfcfbde0a"}
{"question": "IN new york, ho much does a person need to make to have affordable houseing?", "paragraph": "Part of the problem lies with long-term joblessness that characterizes the United States' economic crisis. According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. Affordable rent rates considered to be no more than a third of the renter's wages. A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home. The median household income for renters in the Bronx and Brooklyn is barely $30,000 and $35,000 respectively. According to the Community Service Society, \"Two-thirds of poor New Yorkers and over one-third of near poor households\u2014up to twice the poverty level\u2014spend at least half of their incomes on rent\u2026and place millions of low-income New Yorkers at risk of housing hardships and displacement.\"", "answer": "$54,000", "sentence": "A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home.", "paragraph_sentence": "Part of the problem lies with long-term joblessness that characterizes the United States' economic crisis. According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. Affordable rent rates considered to be no more than a third of the renter's wages. <hl> A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home. <hl> The median household income for renters in the Bronx and Brooklyn is barely $30,000 and $35,000 respectively. According to the Community Service Society, \"Two-thirds of poor New Yorkers and over one-third of near poor households\u2014up to twice the poverty level\u2014spend at least half of their incomes on rent\u2026and place millions of low-income New Yorkers at risk of housing hardships and displacement.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Part of the problem lies with long-term joblessness that characterizes the United States' economic crisis. According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. Affordable rent rates considered to be no more than a third of the renter's wages. A family in New York City must earn at least <hl> $54,000 <hl> to find an affordable home. The median household income for renters in the Bronx and Brooklyn is barely $30,000 and $35,000 respectively. According to the Community Service Society, \"Two-thirds of poor New Yorkers and over one-third of near poor households\u2014up to twice the poverty level\u2014spend at least half of their incomes on rent\u2026and place millions of low-income New Yorkers at risk of housing hardships and displacement.\"", "sentence_answer": "A family in New York City must earn at least <hl> $54,000 <hl> to find an affordable home.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2692b22cd4dfcfbd0eb"}
{"question": "What are three mechanisms that can produce precipitation?", "paragraph": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall.  Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation.  Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice.  Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously.  Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle.  Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\".  Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "answer": "convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall", "sentence": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall . <hl> Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "paragraph_answer": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include <hl> convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall <hl>. Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "sentence_answer": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include <hl> convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb0e2b22cd4dfcfc00cb"}
{"question": "What do stack frames contain?", "paragraph": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, to implement subroutine calls and returns. Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame, at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other procedure calls. Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call, which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "answer": "the private data of the corresponding call", "sentence": "Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call , which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, to implement subroutine calls and returns. Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame, at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other procedure calls. <hl> Each stack frame contains the private data of the corresponding call , which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Most modern implementations use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, to implement subroutine calls and returns. Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame, at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other procedure calls. Each stack frame contains <hl> the private data of the corresponding call <hl>, which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "sentence_answer": "Each stack frame contains <hl> the private data of the corresponding call <hl> , which typically includes the procedure's parameters and internal variables, and the return address.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e162b22cd4dfcfbf5dd"}
{"question": "What other Rotterdam native  did Ma Braun coach?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam's swimming tradition started with Marie Braun aka Zus (sister) Braun, who was coached to a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. In her career as 14 time national champ, she broke 6 world records. Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. In later years Inge de Bruijn became a Rotterdam sport icon as triple Olympic Gold medal winner in 2000 and triple European Gold medal winner in 2001.", "answer": "Rie Mastenbroek", "sentence": "Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936.", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam's swimming tradition started with Marie Braun aka Zus (sister) Braun, who was coached to a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. In her career as 14 time national champ, she broke 6 world records. <hl> Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion Rie Mastenbroek during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. <hl> In later years Inge de Bruijn became a Rotterdam sport icon as triple Olympic Gold medal winner in 2000 and triple European Gold medal winner in 2001.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam's swimming tradition started with Marie Braun aka Zus (sister) Braun, who was coached to a Gold medal at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics by her mother Ma Braun, and 3 European titles 3 years later in Paris. In her career as 14 time national champ, she broke 6 world records. Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion <hl> Rie Mastenbroek <hl> during the Berlin Olympics in 1936. In later years Inge de Bruijn became a Rotterdam sport icon as triple Olympic Gold medal winner in 2000 and triple European Gold medal winner in 2001.", "sentence_answer": "Ma Braun later also coached the Rotterdam born, three-times Olympic champion <hl> Rie Mastenbroek <hl> during the Berlin Olympics in 1936.", "paragraph_id": "5d6730922b22cd4dfcfbf21a"}
{"question": "Where can we see the post-classical stage of Latin?", "paragraph": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "answer": "in Christian writings of the time", "sentence": "The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time .", "paragraph_sentence": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. <hl> The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time . <hl> This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "paragraph_answer": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen <hl> in Christian writings of the time <hl>. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "sentence_answer": "The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen <hl> in Christian writings of the time <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6642e42b22cd4dfcfbdb9c"}
{"question": "Which organizations generally oppose Republicans?", "paragraph": "Republicans believe corporations should be able to establish their own employment practices, including benefits and wages, with the free market deciding the value of work. Since the 1920s Republicans have generally been opposed by labor union organizations and members. At the national level Republicans supported the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, which gives workers the right not to participate in unions. Modern Republicans at the state level generally support various \"right to work\" laws that weaken unions.", "answer": "labor union organizations", "sentence": "Since the 1920s Republicans have generally been opposed by labor union organizations and members.", "paragraph_sentence": "Republicans believe corporations should be able to establish their own employment practices, including benefits and wages, with the free market deciding the value of work. <hl> Since the 1920s Republicans have generally been opposed by labor union organizations and members. <hl> At the national level Republicans supported the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, which gives workers the right not to participate in unions. Modern Republicans at the state level generally support various \"right to work\" laws that weaken unions.", "paragraph_answer": "Republicans believe corporations should be able to establish their own employment practices, including benefits and wages, with the free market deciding the value of work. Since the 1920s Republicans have generally been opposed by <hl> labor union organizations <hl> and members. At the national level Republicans supported the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, which gives workers the right not to participate in unions. Modern Republicans at the state level generally support various \"right to work\" laws that weaken unions.", "sentence_answer": "Since the 1920s Republicans have generally been opposed by <hl> labor union organizations <hl> and members.", "paragraph_id": "5d6738622b22cd4dfcfbf2d4"}
{"question": "Who controls the internet?", "paragraph": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "answer": "No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.", "sentence": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \" No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is. \" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \" No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is. \" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. <hl> Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "paragraph_answer": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"<hl> No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is. <hl>\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "sentence_answer": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \" <hl> No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is. <hl> \" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8ab2b22cd4dfcfbcee3"}
{"question": "What did Kennedy's report reveal?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life,", "sentence": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. <hl> Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedb2"}
{"question": "What does counter-relief imply?", "paragraph": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions.  The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "answer": "where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it", "sentence": " The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it ; this is very rare in monumental sculpture.", "paragraph_sentence": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. <hl> The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it ; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. <hl> Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "paragraph_answer": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, <hl> where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it <hl>; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "sentence_answer": " The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, <hl> where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it <hl> ; this is very rare in monumental sculpture.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5742b22cd4dfcfbe7a7"}
{"question": "What year was the use of initialism put to general use?", "paragraph": "The widespread, frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century. As literacy rates rose, and as advances in science and technology brought with them a constant stream of new (and sometimes more complex) terms and concepts, the practice of abbreviating terms became increasingly convenient. The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965, well after acronym had become common.", "answer": "1965", "sentence": "The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965 , well after acronym had become common.", "paragraph_sentence": "The widespread, frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century. As literacy rates rose, and as advances in science and technology brought with them a constant stream of new (and sometimes more complex) terms and concepts, the practice of abbreviating terms became increasingly convenient. <hl> The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until 1965 , well after acronym had become common. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The widespread, frequent use of acronyms across the whole range of registers is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon in most languages, becoming increasingly evident since the mid-20th century. As literacy rates rose, and as advances in science and technology brought with them a constant stream of new (and sometimes more complex) terms and concepts, the practice of abbreviating terms became increasingly convenient. The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until <hl> 1965 <hl>, well after acronym had become common.", "sentence_answer": "The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) records the first printed use of the word initialism as occurring in 1899, but it did not come into general use until <hl> 1965 <hl> , well after acronym had become common.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1a42b22cd4dfcfbcba6"}
{"question": "What are two examples of infrastructure investment?", "paragraph": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "answer": "building roads and bridges", "sentence": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. <hl> Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "paragraph_answer": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as <hl> building roads and bridges <hl> and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "sentence_answer": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as <hl> building roads and bridges <hl> and upgrading the electricity grid.", "paragraph_id": "5d670f872b22cd4dfcfbecde"}
{"question": "What is the name of the saxophone's creator?", "paragraph": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "answer": "Sax", "sentence": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. <hl> Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. <hl> Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that <hl> Sax <hl> had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that <hl> Sax <hl> had designed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6721e52b22cd4dfcfbf009"}
{"question": "What type of \"garage\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house?", "paragraph": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "answer": "garage house", "sentence": "London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \" garage house \" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. <hl> London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \" garage house \" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" <hl> He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "paragraph_answer": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"<hl> garage house <hl>\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "sentence_answer": "London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \" <hl> garage house <hl> \" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66a84f2b22cd4dfcfbe3ca"}
{"question": "A revolutionary vanguard is made up of what class of people?", "paragraph": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. The socialist state, representing a \"dictatorship of the proletariat\" (as opposed to that of the bourgeoisie) is governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Vladimir Lenin described as \"diversity in discussion, unity in action.\" It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism, a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "answer": "working class", "sentence": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the working class who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. <hl> The socialist state, representing a \"dictatorship of the proletariat\" (as opposed to that of the bourgeoisie) is governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Vladimir Lenin described as \"diversity in discussion, unity in action.\" It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism, a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "paragraph_answer": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the <hl> working class <hl> who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle. The socialist state, representing a \"dictatorship of the proletariat\" (as opposed to that of the bourgeoisie) is governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Vladimir Lenin described as \"diversity in discussion, unity in action.\" It seeks the development of socialism into the full realisation of communism, a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.", "sentence_answer": "The goal of Marxism\u2013Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard, the part of the <hl> working class <hl> who come to class consciousness as a result of the dialectic of class struggle.", "paragraph_id": "5d6729d12b22cd4dfcfbf138"}
{"question": "What movement did Solvene support?", "paragraph": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "answer": "the Partisan movement", "sentence": "As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia.", "paragraph_sentence": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. <hl> As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. <hl> An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "paragraph_answer": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for <hl> the Partisan movement <hl> was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "sentence_answer": "As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for <hl> the Partisan movement <hl> was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6794422b22cd4dfcfbfe82"}
{"question": "What did second wave feminism focus on?", "paragraph": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "answer": "sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities.", "sentence": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. <hl> Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_answer": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: <hl> sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. <hl> Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "sentence_answer": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: <hl> sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. <hl> Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law.", "paragraph_id": "5d670b4c2b22cd4dfcfbebda"}
{"question": "What two conservative unions are supported by Republicans?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union.", "sentence": "The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. <hl> The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. <hl> According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative <hl> International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. <hl> It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "The party is a full member of the conservative <hl> International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. <hl> It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f5c2b22cd4dfcfbf63a"}
{"question": "In the past how did African-Americans vote?", "paragraph": "Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. This trend continued into the 20th century, with 1944 Republican presidential candidate Thomas E. Dewey having only 10% of his popular votes in the South. After the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "answer": "Republican", "sentence": "Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. <hl> This trend continued into the 20th century, with 1944 Republican presidential candidate Thomas E. Dewey having only 10% of his popular votes in the South. After the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "paragraph_answer": "Historically speaking, the <hl> Republican <hl> base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. This trend continued into the 20th century, with 1944 Republican presidential candidate Thomas E. Dewey having only 10% of his popular votes in the South. After the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "sentence_answer": "Historically speaking, the <hl> Republican <hl> base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South.", "paragraph_id": "5d6751702b22cd4dfcfbf6c1"}
{"question": "What is one political idea that was addressed argued prior to the American Revolution that still is argued today by civilians  of Washington D.C. concerning Congress?", "paragraph": "Many of the political structures of the colonies drew upon the republicanism expressed by opposition leaders in Britain, most notably the Commonwealth men and the Whig traditions. Many Americans at the time saw the colonies' systems of governance as modeled after the British constitution of the time, with the king corresponding to the governor, the House of Commons to the colonial assembly, and the House of Lords to the governor's council. The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn directly from English law; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but also throughout the United States. Eventually, it was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially political representation, and republicanism that led to the American Revolution.", "answer": "political representation", "sentence": "Eventually, it was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially political representation , and republicanism that led to the American Revolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many of the political structures of the colonies drew upon the republicanism expressed by opposition leaders in Britain, most notably the Commonwealth men and the Whig traditions. Many Americans at the time saw the colonies' systems of governance as modeled after the British constitution of the time, with the king corresponding to the governor, the House of Commons to the colonial assembly, and the House of Lords to the governor's council. The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn directly from English law; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but also throughout the United States. <hl> Eventually, it was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially political representation , and republicanism that led to the American Revolution. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many of the political structures of the colonies drew upon the republicanism expressed by opposition leaders in Britain, most notably the Commonwealth men and the Whig traditions. Many Americans at the time saw the colonies' systems of governance as modeled after the British constitution of the time, with the king corresponding to the governor, the House of Commons to the colonial assembly, and the House of Lords to the governor's council. The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn directly from English law; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but also throughout the United States. Eventually, it was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially <hl> political representation <hl>, and republicanism that led to the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "Eventually, it was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially <hl> political representation <hl> , and republicanism that led to the American Revolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d6636cb2b22cd4dfcfbdafa"}
{"question": "When was there a riot in Oxford?", "paragraph": "The University of Oxford is first mentioned in 12th century records. Of the hundreds of Aularian houses that sprang up across the city, only St Edmund Hall (c. 1225) remains. What put an end to the halls was the emergence of colleges. Oxford's earliest colleges were University College (1249), Balliol (1263) and Merton (1264). These colleges were established at a time when Europeans were starting to translate the writings of Greek philosophers. These writings challenged European ideology, inspiring scientific discoveries and advancements in the arts, as society began to see itself in a new way. These colleges at Oxford were supported by the Church in the hope of reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology. The relationship between \"town and gown\" has often been uneasy \u2013 as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355.", "answer": "1355", "sentence": "The relationship between \"town and gown\" has often been uneasy \u2013 as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Oxford is first mentioned in 12th century records. Of the hundreds of Aularian houses that sprang up across the city, only St Edmund Hall (c. 1225) remains. What put an end to the halls was the emergence of colleges. Oxford's earliest colleges were University College (1249), Balliol (1263) and Merton (1264). These colleges were established at a time when Europeans were starting to translate the writings of Greek philosophers. These writings challenged European ideology, inspiring scientific discoveries and advancements in the arts, as society began to see itself in a new way. These colleges at Oxford were supported by the Church in the hope of reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology. <hl> The relationship between \"town and gown\" has often been uneasy \u2013 as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of 1355 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Oxford is first mentioned in 12th century records. Of the hundreds of Aularian houses that sprang up across the city, only St Edmund Hall (c. 1225) remains. What put an end to the halls was the emergence of colleges. Oxford's earliest colleges were University College (1249), Balliol (1263) and Merton (1264). These colleges were established at a time when Europeans were starting to translate the writings of Greek philosophers. These writings challenged European ideology, inspiring scientific discoveries and advancements in the arts, as society began to see itself in a new way. These colleges at Oxford were supported by the Church in the hope of reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology. The relationship between \"town and gown\" has often been uneasy \u2013 as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of <hl> 1355 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The relationship between \"town and gown\" has often been uneasy \u2013 as many as 93 students and townspeople were killed in the St Scholastica Day Riot of <hl> 1355 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6737a32b22cd4dfcfbf2cb"}
{"question": "How long did the Ministry of Sound radio support Drum and Bass?", "paragraph": "Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014, with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records. From September 2014, Ministry abruptly dropped all non-mainstream genres to focus on mainstream EDM, causing disappointment amongst the fans of the D&B community. Stations like Rough Tempo are proving very popular with listeners.", "answer": "early 2000s until 2014", "sentence": "Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014 , with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014 , with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records. <hl> From September 2014, Ministry abruptly dropped all non-mainstream genres to focus on mainstream EDM, causing disappointment amongst the fans of the D&B community. Stations like Rough Tempo are proving very popular with listeners.", "paragraph_answer": "Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the <hl> early 2000s until 2014 <hl>, with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records. From September 2014, Ministry abruptly dropped all non-mainstream genres to focus on mainstream EDM, causing disappointment amongst the fans of the D&B community. Stations like Rough Tempo are proving very popular with listeners.", "sentence_answer": "Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the <hl> early 2000s until 2014 <hl> , with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671972b22cd4dfcfbdf24"}
{"question": "What was the school originally named?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh (commonly referred to as Pitt) is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy. It developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by a change to its charter in 1819. After surviving two devastating fires and various relocations within the area, the school moved to its current location in the Oakland neighborhood of the city; it was renamed as the University of Pittsburgh in 1908. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, until 1966 when it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education.", "answer": "Pittsburgh Academy", "sentence": "In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy .", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh (commonly referred to as Pitt) is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. <hl> In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy . <hl> It developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by a change to its charter in 1819. After surviving two devastating fires and various relocations within the area, the school moved to its current location in the Oakland neighborhood of the city; it was renamed as the University of Pittsburgh in 1908. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, until 1966 when it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh (commonly referred to as Pitt) is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the <hl> Pittsburgh Academy <hl>. It developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by a change to its charter in 1819. After surviving two devastating fires and various relocations within the area, the school moved to its current location in the Oakland neighborhood of the city; it was renamed as the University of Pittsburgh in 1908. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, until 1966 when it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education.", "sentence_answer": "In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the <hl> Pittsburgh Academy <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8352b22cd4dfcfbe84d"}
{"question": "What is the wife reffed to as?", "paragraph": "In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \"hermana\" [sister] plus the surname of her husband. And most records of the church follow that structure as well.", "answer": "hermana", "sentence": "In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \" hermana \" [sister] plus the surname of her husband.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \" hermana \" [sister] plus the surname of her husband. <hl> And most records of the church follow that structure as well.", "paragraph_answer": "In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \"<hl> hermana <hl>\" [sister] plus the surname of her husband. And most records of the church follow that structure as well.", "sentence_answer": "In some churches, such as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, where the family structure is emphasized, as well as legal marriage, the wife is referred to as \" <hl> hermana <hl> \" [sister] plus the surname of her husband.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bc662b22cd4dfcfc0103"}
{"question": "The aftermath of Hurricane Sandy led to a shortage of what commodity?", "paragraph": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "answer": "gasoline", "sentence": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. <hl> The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "paragraph_answer": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to <hl> gasoline <hl> shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "sentence_answer": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to <hl> gasoline <hl> shortages and disruption of mass transit systems.", "paragraph_id": "5d671b422b22cd4dfcfbef71"}
{"question": "What two elections are not required to happen together.", "paragraph": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "answer": "There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives", "sentence": "There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives , though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. <hl> There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives , though the government usually synchronises election dates. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. <hl> There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives <hl>, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives <hl> , though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c4ef2b22cd4dfcfbcc69"}
{"question": "how is tin made?", "paragraph": "Tin is generated via the long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars (with masses of 0.6 to 10 times that of Sun). It arises via beta decay of heavy isotopes of indium.", "answer": "long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars", "sentence": "Tin is generated via the long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars (with masses of 0.6 to 10 times that of Sun).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin is generated via the long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars (with masses of 0.6 to 10 times that of Sun). <hl> It arises via beta decay of heavy isotopes of indium.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin is generated via the <hl> long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars <hl> (with masses of 0.6 to 10 times that of Sun). It arises via beta decay of heavy isotopes of indium.", "sentence_answer": "Tin is generated via the <hl> long S-process in low-to-medium mass stars <hl> (with masses of 0.6 to 10 times that of Sun).", "paragraph_id": "5d67ef012b22cd4dfcfc043c"}
{"question": "Wealth from Quaker and British merchants allowed for what activity to flourish in Philadelphia?", "paragraph": "Ethnic cultures also affected the styles of furniture. Rural Quakers preferred simple designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations. However, some urban Quakers had much more elaborate furniture. The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. Philadelphian cabinet makers built elegant desks and highboys. German artisans created intricate carved designs on their chests and other furniture with painted scenes of flowers and birds. German potters also crafted a large array of jugs, pots, and plates, of both elegant and traditional design.", "answer": "furniture-making", "sentence": "The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ethnic cultures also affected the styles of furniture. Rural Quakers preferred simple designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations. However, some urban Quakers had much more elaborate furniture. <hl> The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. <hl> Philadelphian cabinet makers built elegant desks and highboys. German artisans created intricate carved designs on their chests and other furniture with painted scenes of flowers and birds. German potters also crafted a large array of jugs, pots, and plates, of both elegant and traditional design.", "paragraph_answer": "Ethnic cultures also affected the styles of furniture. Rural Quakers preferred simple designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations. However, some urban Quakers had much more elaborate furniture. The city of Philadelphia became a major center of <hl> furniture-making <hl> because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. Philadelphian cabinet makers built elegant desks and highboys. German artisans created intricate carved designs on their chests and other furniture with painted scenes of flowers and birds. German potters also crafted a large array of jugs, pots, and plates, of both elegant and traditional design.", "sentence_answer": "The city of Philadelphia became a major center of <hl> furniture-making <hl> because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6684912b22cd4dfcfbe17b"}
{"question": "Statins last about how long?", "paragraph": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "answer": "one year", "sentence": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year , which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year , which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. <hl> The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "paragraph_answer": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of <hl> one year <hl>, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "sentence_answer": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of <hl> one year <hl> , which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids.", "paragraph_id": "5d662e222b22cd4dfcfbdaa4"}
{"question": "What is not used to determine a two-line pass infraction?", "paragraph": "An additional rule that has never been a penalty, but was an infraction in the NHL before recent rules changes, is the \"two-line offside pass.\" Prior to the 2005\u201306 NHL season, play was stopped when a pass from inside a team's defending zone crossed the centre line, with a face-off held in the defending zone of the offending team. Now, the centre line is no longer used in the NHL to determine a two-line pass infraction, a change that the IIHF had adopted in 1998. Players are now able to pass to teammates who are more than the blue and centre ice red line away.", "answer": "centre line", "sentence": "Prior to the 2005\u201306 NHL season, play was stopped when a pass from inside a team's defending zone crossed the centre line , with a face-off held in the defending zone of the offending team.", "paragraph_sentence": "An additional rule that has never been a penalty, but was an infraction in the NHL before recent rules changes, is the \"two-line offside pass.\" <hl> Prior to the 2005\u201306 NHL season, play was stopped when a pass from inside a team's defending zone crossed the centre line , with a face-off held in the defending zone of the offending team. <hl> Now, the centre line is no longer used in the NHL to determine a two-line pass infraction, a change that the IIHF had adopted in 1998. Players are now able to pass to teammates who are more than the blue and centre ice red line away.", "paragraph_answer": "An additional rule that has never been a penalty, but was an infraction in the NHL before recent rules changes, is the \"two-line offside pass.\" Prior to the 2005\u201306 NHL season, play was stopped when a pass from inside a team's defending zone crossed the <hl> centre line <hl>, with a face-off held in the defending zone of the offending team. Now, the centre line is no longer used in the NHL to determine a two-line pass infraction, a change that the IIHF had adopted in 1998. Players are now able to pass to teammates who are more than the blue and centre ice red line away.", "sentence_answer": "Prior to the 2005\u201306 NHL season, play was stopped when a pass from inside a team's defending zone crossed the <hl> centre line <hl> , with a face-off held in the defending zone of the offending team.", "paragraph_id": "5d663a7a2b22cd4dfcfbdb2a"}
{"question": "How many main conjugations are there?", "paragraph": "A regular verb in Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations. A conjugation is \"a class of verbs with similar inflected forms.\" The conjugations are identified by the last letter of the verb's present stem. The present stem can be found by stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form. The infinitive of the first conjugation ends in -\u0101-re or -\u0101-ri (active and passive respectively); e.g., am\u0101re, \"to love,\" hort\u0101r\u012b, \"to exhort\"; of the second conjugation by -\u0113-re or -\u0113-r\u012b; e.g., mon\u0113re, \"to warn\", ver\u0113r\u012b, \"to fear;\" of the third conjugation by -ere, -\u012b; e.g., d\u016bcere, \"to lead,\" \u016bt\u012b, \"to use\"; of the fourth by -\u012b-re, -\u012b-r\u012b; e.g., aud\u012bre, \"to hear,\" exper\u012br\u012b, \"to attempt\".", "answer": "Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations", "sentence": "A regular verb in Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A regular verb in Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations . <hl> A conjugation is \"a class of verbs with similar inflected forms.\" The conjugations are identified by the last letter of the verb's present stem. The present stem can be found by stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form. The infinitive of the first conjugation ends in -\u0101-re or -\u0101-ri (active and passive respectively); e.g., am\u0101re, \"to love,\" hort\u0101r\u012b, \"to exhort\"; of the second conjugation by -\u0113-re or -\u0113-r\u012b; e.g., mon\u0113re, \"to warn\", ver\u0113r\u012b, \"to fear;\" of the third conjugation by -ere, -\u012b; e.g., d\u016bcere, \"to lead,\" \u016bt\u012b, \"to use\"; of the fourth by -\u012b-re, -\u012b-r\u012b; e.g., aud\u012bre, \"to hear,\" exper\u012br\u012b, \"to attempt\".", "paragraph_answer": "A regular verb in <hl> Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations <hl>. A conjugation is \"a class of verbs with similar inflected forms.\" The conjugations are identified by the last letter of the verb's present stem. The present stem can be found by stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form. The infinitive of the first conjugation ends in -\u0101-re or -\u0101-ri (active and passive respectively); e.g., am\u0101re, \"to love,\" hort\u0101r\u012b, \"to exhort\"; of the second conjugation by -\u0113-re or -\u0113-r\u012b; e.g., mon\u0113re, \"to warn\", ver\u0113r\u012b, \"to fear;\" of the third conjugation by -ere, -\u012b; e.g., d\u016bcere, \"to lead,\" \u016bt\u012b, \"to use\"; of the fourth by -\u012b-re, -\u012b-r\u012b; e.g., aud\u012bre, \"to hear,\" exper\u012br\u012b, \"to attempt\".", "sentence_answer": "A regular verb in <hl> Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f4e92b22cd4dfcfbd3ec"}
{"question": "What has there been considerable exploration of in the bass line region?", "paragraph": "The genre places great importance on the \"bass line\", a deep sub-bass musical pattern which can be felt physically through powerful sound systems due to the low-range frequencies favoured. There has been considerable exploration of different timbres in the bass line region, particularly within techstep. The bass lines most notably originate from sampled sources or synthesizers. Bass lines performed with a bass instrument, whether it is electric, acoustic or a double bass, are less common but examples can be found in the work of bands such as Shapeshifter, Squarepusher, Roni Size and STS9.", "answer": "different timbres", "sentence": "There has been considerable exploration of different timbres in the bass line region, particularly within techstep.", "paragraph_sentence": "The genre places great importance on the \"bass line\", a deep sub-bass musical pattern which can be felt physically through powerful sound systems due to the low-range frequencies favoured. <hl> There has been considerable exploration of different timbres in the bass line region, particularly within techstep. <hl> The bass lines most notably originate from sampled sources or synthesizers. Bass lines performed with a bass instrument, whether it is electric, acoustic or a double bass, are less common but examples can be found in the work of bands such as Shapeshifter, Squarepusher, Roni Size and STS9.", "paragraph_answer": "The genre places great importance on the \"bass line\", a deep sub-bass musical pattern which can be felt physically through powerful sound systems due to the low-range frequencies favoured. There has been considerable exploration of <hl> different timbres <hl> in the bass line region, particularly within techstep. The bass lines most notably originate from sampled sources or synthesizers. Bass lines performed with a bass instrument, whether it is electric, acoustic or a double bass, are less common but examples can be found in the work of bands such as Shapeshifter, Squarepusher, Roni Size and STS9.", "sentence_answer": "There has been considerable exploration of <hl> different timbres <hl> in the bass line region, particularly within techstep.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dedc2b22cd4dfcfbd037"}
{"question": "linoleic acid is a type of what fatty acid?", "paragraph": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "answer": "omega-6", "sentence": "Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. <hl> Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. <hl> Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the fat found in food is in the form of triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Some dietary fat is necessary to facilitate absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and carotenoids. Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an <hl> omega-6 <hl> fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet. Both of these fatty acids are 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids differing in the number and position of the double bonds. Most vegetable oils are rich in linoleic acid (safflower, sunflower, and corn oils). Alpha-linolenic acid is found in the green leaves of plants, and in selected seeds, nuts, and legumes (in particular flax, rapeseed, walnut, and soy). Fish oils are particularly rich in the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). A large number of studies have shown positive health benefits associated with consumption of omega-3 fatty acids on infant development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and various mental illnesses, such as depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and dementia. In contrast, it is now well-established that consumption of trans fats, such as those present in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.", "sentence_answer": "Humans and other mammals have a dietary requirement for certain essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (an <hl> omega-6 <hl> fatty acid) and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) because they cannot be synthesized from simple precursors in the diet.", "paragraph_id": "5d6805cf2b22cd4dfcfc0513"}
{"question": "How many preferences are voters required to write below the line?", "paragraph": "The changes abolished group voting tickets and introduced optional preferential voting, along with party logos on the ballot paper. The ballot paper continues to have a box for each party above a heavy line, with each party's candidates in a column below that party's box below the solid line. Previously, a voter could either mark a single box above the line, which triggered the party's group voting ticket (a pre-assigned sequence of preferences), or place a number in every box below the line to assign their own preferences. As a result of the changes, voters may assign their preferences for parties above the line (numbering as many boxes as they wish), or individual candidates below the line, and are not required to fill all of the boxes. Both above and below the line voting are now optional preferential voting. For above the line, voters will be instructed to write at least their first six preferences, however, a \"savings provision\" will still count the ballot if less than six were given. As a result, fewer votes are expected to be classed as informal, however, more ballots will \"exhaust\" as a result (i.e. some votes are not counted towards electing any candidate). For below the line, voters will be required to write at least their first 12 preferences. Voters will be free to continue numbering as many preferences as they like beyond the minimum number specified. Another savings provision will allow ballot papers with at least 6 below the line preferences to be formal, catering for people who confuse the above and below the line instructions; an additional change to the savings provision will also accept below the line votes with a higher number of sequence errors than previously, treating the sequence as stopping at the first error (missed or repeated numbers).", "answer": "first 12", "sentence": "For below the line, voters will be required to write at least their first 12 preferences.", "paragraph_sentence": "The changes abolished group voting tickets and introduced optional preferential voting, along with party logos on the ballot paper. The ballot paper continues to have a box for each party above a heavy line, with each party's candidates in a column below that party's box below the solid line. Previously, a voter could either mark a single box above the line, which triggered the party's group voting ticket (a pre-assigned sequence of preferences), or place a number in every box below the line to assign their own preferences. As a result of the changes, voters may assign their preferences for parties above the line (numbering as many boxes as they wish), or individual candidates below the line, and are not required to fill all of the boxes. Both above and below the line voting are now optional preferential voting. For above the line, voters will be instructed to write at least their first six preferences, however, a \"savings provision\" will still count the ballot if less than six were given. As a result, fewer votes are expected to be classed as informal, however, more ballots will \"exhaust\" as a result (i.e. some votes are not counted towards electing any candidate). <hl> For below the line, voters will be required to write at least their first 12 preferences. <hl> Voters will be free to continue numbering as many preferences as they like beyond the minimum number specified. Another savings provision will allow ballot papers with at least 6 below the line preferences to be formal, catering for people who confuse the above and below the line instructions; an additional change to the savings provision will also accept below the line votes with a higher number of sequence errors than previously, treating the sequence as stopping at the first error (missed or repeated numbers).", "paragraph_answer": "The changes abolished group voting tickets and introduced optional preferential voting, along with party logos on the ballot paper. The ballot paper continues to have a box for each party above a heavy line, with each party's candidates in a column below that party's box below the solid line. Previously, a voter could either mark a single box above the line, which triggered the party's group voting ticket (a pre-assigned sequence of preferences), or place a number in every box below the line to assign their own preferences. As a result of the changes, voters may assign their preferences for parties above the line (numbering as many boxes as they wish), or individual candidates below the line, and are not required to fill all of the boxes. Both above and below the line voting are now optional preferential voting. For above the line, voters will be instructed to write at least their first six preferences, however, a \"savings provision\" will still count the ballot if less than six were given. As a result, fewer votes are expected to be classed as informal, however, more ballots will \"exhaust\" as a result (i.e. some votes are not counted towards electing any candidate). For below the line, voters will be required to write at least their <hl> first 12 <hl> preferences. Voters will be free to continue numbering as many preferences as they like beyond the minimum number specified. Another savings provision will allow ballot papers with at least 6 below the line preferences to be formal, catering for people who confuse the above and below the line instructions; an additional change to the savings provision will also accept below the line votes with a higher number of sequence errors than previously, treating the sequence as stopping at the first error (missed or repeated numbers).", "sentence_answer": "For below the line, voters will be required to write at least their <hl> first 12 <hl> preferences.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d0ea2b22cd4dfcfbcde0"}
{"question": "What is a general function often denoted by?", "paragraph": "A general function is often denoted by f. Special functions have names, for example, the signum function is denoted by sgn. Given a real number x, its image under the signum function is then written as sgn(x). Here, the argument is denoted by the symbol x, but different symbols may be used in other contexts. For example, in physics, the velocity of some body, depending on the time, is denoted v(t). The parentheses around the argument may be omitted when there is little chance of confusion, thus: sin\u200ax; this is known as prefix notation.", "answer": "f.", "sentence": "A general function is often denoted by f. Special functions have names, for example, the signum function is denoted by sgn.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A general function is often denoted by f. Special functions have names, for example, the signum function is denoted by sgn. <hl> Given a real number x, its image under the signum function is then written as sgn(x). Here, the argument is denoted by the symbol x, but different symbols may be used in other contexts. For example, in physics, the velocity of some body, depending on the time, is denoted v(t). The parentheses around the argument may be omitted when there is little chance of confusion, thus: sin x; this is known as prefix notation.", "paragraph_answer": "A general function is often denoted by <hl> f. <hl> Special functions have names, for example, the signum function is denoted by sgn. Given a real number x, its image under the signum function is then written as sgn(x). Here, the argument is denoted by the symbol x, but different symbols may be used in other contexts. For example, in physics, the velocity of some body, depending on the time, is denoted v(t). The parentheses around the argument may be omitted when there is little chance of confusion, thus: sin x; this is known as prefix notation.", "sentence_answer": "A general function is often denoted by <hl> f. <hl> Special functions have names, for example, the signum function is denoted by sgn.", "paragraph_id": "5d6615512b22cd4dfcfbd812"}
{"question": "What might have been a reason for the Samis not seeing any transformation of their names?", "paragraph": "When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners, so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies. Surnames have been imposed by the dominant authorities:[citation needed] evangelists, then administrations. Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name. For example: some Sire became Siri, H\u00e6tta J\u00e1hko\u0161 \u00c1sslat became Aslak Jacobsen H\u00e6tta \u2014 as was the norm. Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname.", "answer": "Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies", "sentence": "Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies .", "paragraph_sentence": "When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners, so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. <hl> Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies . <hl> Surnames have been imposed by the dominant authorities:[citation needed] evangelists, then administrations. Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name. For example: some Sire became Siri, H\u00e6tta J\u00e1hko\u0161 \u00c1sslat became Aslak Jacobsen H\u00e6tta \u2014 as was the norm. Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname.", "paragraph_answer": "When those from Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong write their personal name in the Latin alphabet, it is common to reverse the order of the given and family names for the convenience of Westerners, so that they know which name is the family name for official/formal purposes. Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other <hl> Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies <hl>. Surnames have been imposed by the dominant authorities:[citation needed] evangelists, then administrations. Thus, the Samis saw no change or a transformation of their name. For example: some Sire became Siri, H\u00e6tta J\u00e1hko\u0161 \u00c1sslat became Aslak Jacobsen H\u00e6tta \u2014 as was the norm. Recently, integration into the EU and increased communications with foreigners prompted many Samis to reverse the order of their full name to given name followed by surname, to avoid their given name being mistaken for and used as a surname.", "sentence_answer": "Reversing the order of names for the same reason is also customary for the Baltic Fennic peoples and the Hungarians, but other <hl> Uralic peoples traditionally did not have surnames, perhaps because of the clan structure of their societies <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67a4202b22cd4dfcfbfedb"}
{"question": "In what area did Russia remain a great power?", "paragraph": "In the eighteenth century, Russia and Prussia became the leading powers over the sea. Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast. Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic. Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern England and the Netherlands: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax and hemp.", "answer": "Baltic", "sentence": "Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the eighteenth century, Russia and Prussia became the leading powers over the sea. Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast. <hl> Russia became and remained a dominating power in the Baltic . <hl> Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern England and the Netherlands: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax and hemp.", "paragraph_answer": "In the eighteenth century, Russia and Prussia became the leading powers over the sea. Sweden's defeat in the Great Northern War brought Russia to the eastern coast. Russia became and remained a dominating power in the <hl> Baltic <hl>. Russia's Peter the Great saw the strategic importance of the Baltic and decided to found his new capital, Saint Petersburg, at the mouth of the Neva river at the east end of the Gulf of Finland. There was much trading not just within the Baltic region but also with the North Sea region, especially eastern England and the Netherlands: their fleets needed the Baltic timber, tar, flax and hemp.", "sentence_answer": "Russia became and remained a dominating power in the <hl> Baltic <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d663b6b2b22cd4dfcfbdb33"}
{"question": "What is the most transportation used?", "paragraph": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores. Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft.", "answer": "aircraft", "sentence": "Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft .", "paragraph_sentence": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores. Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. <hl> Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores. Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. Much of the transportation of passengers is done via <hl> aircraft <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Much of the transportation of passengers is done via <hl> aircraft <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660b922b22cd4dfcfbd6c9"}
{"question": "What year was a permanent European presence established in New Netherland?", "paragraph": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "answer": "1624", "sentence": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. <hl> In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "paragraph_answer": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in <hl> 1624 <hl> with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "sentence_answer": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in <hl> 1624 <hl> with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff252b22cd4dfcfbe9b0"}
{"question": "If your country follows the English tradition, what would your equivalent medical degree be?", "paragraph": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \"teacher of medicine\", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. In countries that follow the tradition of ancient Scotland, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. It is most commonly used in the United States. In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery. In those countries, the MD may either be a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD);  an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.", "answer": "Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery", "sentence": "In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery .", "paragraph_sentence": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \"teacher of medicine\", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. In countries that follow the tradition of ancient Scotland, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. It is most commonly used in the United States. <hl> In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery . <hl> In those countries, the MD may either be a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD); an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.", "paragraph_answer": "Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in Latin: Medicinae Doctor, meaning \"teacher of medicine\", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. In countries that follow the tradition of ancient Scotland, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. It is most commonly used in the United States. In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as <hl> Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery <hl>. In those countries, the MD may either be a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD); an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.", "sentence_answer": "In countries that follow the tradition of the English, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as <hl> Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9242b22cd4dfcfbd243"}
{"question": "The Provincial Parliment is part of what organization?", "paragraph": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "answer": "the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration", "sentence": "Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. <hl> Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. <hl> Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "paragraph_answer": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to the MMI, <hl> the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration <hl> has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "sentence_answer": "Similar to the MMI, <hl> the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration <hl> has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eaa12b22cd4dfcfbd27e"}
{"question": "What name is shown first on Indian passports?", "paragraph": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "answer": "surname", "sentence": "Indian surname s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Indian surname s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. <hl> However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Indian <hl> surname <hl>s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Indian <hl> surname <hl> s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6d32b22cd4dfcfbff13"}
{"question": "Who was the mother of the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "\"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedc2"}
{"question": "What class of diseases involve the heart or blood vessels?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "answer": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD)", "sentence": "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. <hl> Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Cardiovascular disease (CVD) <hl> is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cardiovascular disease (CVD) <hl> is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.", "paragraph_id": "5d660f0d2b22cd4dfcfbd757"}
{"question": "Which state has the city that is reputed to have the most beggars?", "paragraph": "Over the years, the city of Chicago, Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. The reputation stems primarily from the subjective number of beggars found on the streets rather than any sort of objective statistical census data. Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "answer": "Illinois", "sentence": "Over the years, the city of Chicago, Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Over the years, the city of Chicago, Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. <hl> The reputation stems primarily from the subjective number of beggars found on the streets rather than any sort of objective statistical census data. Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "paragraph_answer": "Over the years, the city of Chicago, <hl> Illinois <hl> has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. The reputation stems primarily from the subjective number of beggars found on the streets rather than any sort of objective statistical census data. Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "sentence_answer": "Over the years, the city of Chicago, <hl> Illinois <hl> has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fe612b22cd4dfcfbd510"}
{"question": "What sport are women playing?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "answer": "350 percent", "sentence": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. <hl> In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing <hl> 350 percent <hl> in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "sentence_answer": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing <hl> 350 percent <hl> in the last 10 years.", "paragraph_id": "5d668fb42b22cd4dfcfbe260"}
{"question": "Reducing corporate tax rate down from 35% to 20% is estimated to add how much debt over the course of a decade?", "paragraph": "Removing the threat of higher taxes embodied in the fiscal cliff may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional workers. President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. The U.S. corporate tax rate is among the highest in the world, although U.S. corporations pay among the lowest amount relative to GDP due to loopholes. Reducing the rate and eliminating loopholes may make U.S. businesses more competitive, but may also add to the deficit. The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example.", "answer": "$1 trillion", "sentence": "The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example.", "paragraph_sentence": "Removing the threat of higher taxes embodied in the fiscal cliff may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional workers. President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. The U.S. corporate tax rate is among the highest in the world, although U.S. corporations pay among the lowest amount relative to GDP due to loopholes. Reducing the rate and eliminating loopholes may make U.S. businesses more competitive, but may also add to the deficit. <hl> The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Removing the threat of higher taxes embodied in the fiscal cliff may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional workers. President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. The U.S. corporate tax rate is among the highest in the world, although U.S. corporations pay among the lowest amount relative to GDP due to loopholes. Reducing the rate and eliminating loopholes may make U.S. businesses more competitive, but may also add to the deficit. The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add <hl> $1 trillion <hl> to the debt over a decade, for example.", "sentence_answer": "The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add <hl> $1 trillion <hl> to the debt over a decade, for example.", "paragraph_id": "5d67adf22b22cd4dfcfbffa2"}
{"question": "Who argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge?", "paragraph": "Criticisms of postmodernism are intellectually diverse, including the assertions that postmodernism is meaningless and promotes obscurantism. For example, Noam Chomsky has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge. He asks why postmodernist intellectuals do not respond like people in other fields when asked, \"what are the principles of their theories, on what evidence are they based, what do they explain that wasn't already obvious, etc.?...If [these requests] can't be met, then I'd suggest recourse to Hume's advice in similar circumstances: 'to the flames'.\"", "answer": "Noam Chomsky", "sentence": "For example, Noam Chomsky has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge.", "paragraph_sentence": "Criticisms of postmodernism are intellectually diverse, including the assertions that postmodernism is meaningless and promotes obscurantism. <hl> For example, Noam Chomsky has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge. <hl> He asks why postmodernist intellectuals do not respond like people in other fields when asked, \"what are the principles of their theories, on what evidence are they based, what do they explain that wasn't already obvious, etc.?... If [these requests] can't be met, then I'd suggest recourse to Hume's advice in similar circumstances: 'to the flames'.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Criticisms of postmodernism are intellectually diverse, including the assertions that postmodernism is meaningless and promotes obscurantism. For example, <hl> Noam Chomsky <hl> has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge. He asks why postmodernist intellectuals do not respond like people in other fields when asked, \"what are the principles of their theories, on what evidence are they based, what do they explain that wasn't already obvious, etc.?...If [these requests] can't be met, then I'd suggest recourse to Hume's advice in similar circumstances: 'to the flames'.\"", "sentence_answer": "For example, <hl> Noam Chomsky <hl> has argued that postmodernism is meaningless because it adds nothing to analytical or empirical knowledge.", "paragraph_id": "5d67cf132b22cd4dfcfc027b"}
{"question": "What is one of the reasons that feminism is criticized?", "paragraph": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time. The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and women's consciousness-raising groups, disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women. Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \"hegemonic feminism\" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women. This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauht\u00e9moc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez, due to the Chicano Movement's sexism.", "answer": "ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments", "sentence": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments that occurred during this time. <hl> The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and women's consciousness-raising groups, disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women. Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \"hegemonic feminism\" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women. This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauht\u00e9moc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez, due to the Chicano Movement's sexism.", "paragraph_answer": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and <hl> ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments <hl> that occurred during this time. The dominant historical narratives of the feminist movement focuses on white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women and women's consciousness-raising groups, disregarding the experiences and contributions of women of color, working-class and lower-class women, as well as lesbian women. Chela Sandoval called the dominant narratives of the women's liberation movement \"hegemonic feminism\" because it essentializes the feminist historiography to an exclusive population of women, which assumes that all women experience the same oppressions as the white, East Coast, and predominantly middle-class women. This restricting view ignores the oppressions women faced determined by their race, class, and sexuality, and gave rise to women of color feminisms that separated from the women's liberation movement, such as Black feminism, Africana womanism, and the Hijas de Cuauht\u00e9moc that emerged at California State University, Long Beach, which was founded by Anna NietoGomez, due to the Chicano Movement's sexism.", "sentence_answer": "The historiography of the United States' second-wave feminism is criticized for failing to acknowledge and analyze the multiple sites of feminist insurgencies of women of color, silencing and <hl> ignoring the diverse pre-political and political developments <hl> that occurred during this time.", "paragraph_id": "5d66eee62b22cd4dfcfbe5d6"}
{"question": "Besides North America, where else is this system in use?", "paragraph": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses one referee and two linesmen. Another less commonly used system is the two referee and one linesman system. This system is very close to the regular three-man system except for a few procedure changes. With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee. The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe.", "answer": "Europe", "sentence": "The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe .", "paragraph_sentence": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses one referee and two linesmen. Another less commonly used system is the two referee and one linesman system. This system is very close to the regular three-man system except for a few procedure changes. With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee. <hl> The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses one referee and two linesmen. Another less commonly used system is the two referee and one linesman system. This system is very close to the regular three-man system except for a few procedure changes. With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee. The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and <hl> Europe <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and <hl> Europe <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675c7f2b22cd4dfcfbf879"}
{"question": "What does the Baltic sea dump into the North Sea?", "paragraph": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "answer": "brackish water", "sentence": "A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. <hl> A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. <hl> Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "paragraph_answer": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of <hl> brackish water <hl> discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "sentence_answer": "A surface layer of <hl> brackish water <hl> discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea.", "paragraph_id": "5d6619032b22cd4dfcfbd87d"}
{"question": "A bas-relief is also known as what?", "paragraph": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less.  It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.  These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "answer": "low relief", "sentence": "A bas-relief (\" low relief \", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A bas-relief (\" low relief \", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. <hl> In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "paragraph_answer": "A bas-relief (\"<hl> low relief <hl>\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "sentence_answer": "A bas-relief (\" <hl> low relief <hl> \", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c50f2b22cd4dfcfc018d"}
{"question": "what happens if sub freezing air is layered too thinly below falling precipitation doesn't give time to refreeze?", "paragraph": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below.  This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer.  As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets.  However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface.  A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "answer": "freezing rain", "sentence": " However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. <hl> However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. <hl> A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and <hl> freezing rain <hl> will be the result at the surface. A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "sentence_answer": " However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and <hl> freezing rain <hl> will be the result at the surface.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d2e52b22cd4dfcfc02be"}
{"question": "What happens when snowflakes fall through a warm air layer?", "paragraph": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below.  This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer.  As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets.  However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface.  A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "answer": "partial or complete melting", "sentence": " This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. <hl> This causes the partial or complete melting of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. <hl> As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice pellets form when a layer of above-freezing air exists with sub-freezing air both above and below. This causes the <hl> partial or complete melting <hl> of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer. As they fall back into the sub-freezing layer closer to the surface, they re-freeze into ice pellets. However, if the sub-freezing layer beneath the warm layer is too small, the precipitation will not have time to re-freeze, and freezing rain will be the result at the surface. A temperature profile showing a warm layer above the ground is most likely to be found in advance of a warm front during the cold season, but can occasionally be found behind a passing cold front.", "sentence_answer": " This causes the <hl> partial or complete melting <hl> of any snowflakes falling through the warm layer.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d2e52b22cd4dfcfc02bd"}
{"question": "What degree is required to apply for MD courses?", "paragraph": "In Sri Lanka, MBBS degree is the degree to be held for one to be licensed as a physicians by the Sri Lanka Medical Council. MD degree is a higher postgraduate degree and in Sri Lanka awarded by the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after completion of a postgraduate course and examinations. The MD degree in Sri Lanka is representative of specialty training in clinical, para clinical and preventive medicine  (e.g., General Medicine, Cardiology, Nephrology, Oncology, para clinical such as microbiology, haematology and preventive such as Community Medicne .). Entry for the MD course open only for medical graduates holding the MBBS degree (with a duration of five and a half years), and training is obtained in medical disciplines that are non-surgical in nature (e.g., Internal Medicine, Radiology, Pathology, etc.). After three or four years of study and the successful completion of an examination with written as well as cases and viva examinations, the MD degree in the respective field of Study is awarded. In Community medicine and Medical Administration, part I examination consists of a theoretical exam while the degree is cofered after completion of a thesis as n PhD. This thesis has to be completed within a period of five years. After successfully defending the academic thesis, MD degree is conferred to the candidate, The MD degree holder is certified as a Board certified specialist by the respective board of study of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after he/she undergoes 2\u20134 years of local and foreign training depending on the specialty/subspecialty selected.", "answer": "MBBS degree", "sentence": "In Sri Lanka, MBBS degree is the degree to be held for one to be licensed as a physicians by the Sri Lanka Medical Council.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Sri Lanka, MBBS degree is the degree to be held for one to be licensed as a physicians by the Sri Lanka Medical Council. <hl> MD degree is a higher postgraduate degree and in Sri Lanka awarded by the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after completion of a postgraduate course and examinations. The MD degree in Sri Lanka is representative of specialty training in clinical, para clinical and preventive medicine (e.g., General Medicine, Cardiology, Nephrology, Oncology, para clinical such as microbiology, haematology and preventive such as Community Medicne .). Entry for the MD course open only for medical graduates holding the MBBS degree (with a duration of five and a half years), and training is obtained in medical disciplines that are non-surgical in nature (e.g., Internal Medicine, Radiology, Pathology, etc.). After three or four years of study and the successful completion of an examination with written as well as cases and viva examinations, the MD degree in the respective field of Study is awarded. In Community medicine and Medical Administration, part I examination consists of a theoretical exam while the degree is cofered after completion of a thesis as n PhD. This thesis has to be completed within a period of five years. After successfully defending the academic thesis, MD degree is conferred to the candidate, The MD degree holder is certified as a Board certified specialist by the respective board of study of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after he/she undergoes 2\u20134 years of local and foreign training depending on the specialty/subspecialty selected.", "paragraph_answer": "In Sri Lanka, <hl> MBBS degree <hl> is the degree to be held for one to be licensed as a physicians by the Sri Lanka Medical Council. MD degree is a higher postgraduate degree and in Sri Lanka awarded by the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after completion of a postgraduate course and examinations. The MD degree in Sri Lanka is representative of specialty training in clinical, para clinical and preventive medicine (e.g., General Medicine, Cardiology, Nephrology, Oncology, para clinical such as microbiology, haematology and preventive such as Community Medicne .). Entry for the MD course open only for medical graduates holding the MBBS degree (with a duration of five and a half years), and training is obtained in medical disciplines that are non-surgical in nature (e.g., Internal Medicine, Radiology, Pathology, etc.). After three or four years of study and the successful completion of an examination with written as well as cases and viva examinations, the MD degree in the respective field of Study is awarded. In Community medicine and Medical Administration, part I examination consists of a theoretical exam while the degree is cofered after completion of a thesis as n PhD. This thesis has to be completed within a period of five years. After successfully defending the academic thesis, MD degree is conferred to the candidate, The MD degree holder is certified as a Board certified specialist by the respective board of study of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after he/she undergoes 2\u20134 years of local and foreign training depending on the specialty/subspecialty selected.", "sentence_answer": "In Sri Lanka, <hl> MBBS degree <hl> is the degree to be held for one to be licensed as a physicians by the Sri Lanka Medical Council.", "paragraph_id": "5d664d4c2b22cd4dfcfbdc0e"}
{"question": "Where is the Living Latin movement available?", "paragraph": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication. It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S., such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. The British Cambridge University Press is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus.", "answer": "at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S.", "sentence": "It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S. , such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication. <hl> It is available at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S. , such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. <hl> The British Cambridge University Press is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus.", "paragraph_answer": "The Living Latin movement attempts to teach Latin in the same way that living languages are taught, i.e., as a means of both spoken and written communication. It is available <hl> at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S. <hl>, such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University. The British Cambridge University Press is a major supplier of Latin textbooks for all levels, such as the Cambridge Latin Course series. It has also published a subseries of children's texts in Latin by Bell & Forte, which recounts the adventures of a mouse called Minimus.", "sentence_answer": "It is available <hl> at the Vatican and at some institutions in the U.S. <hl> , such as the University of Kentucky and Iowa State University.", "paragraph_id": "5d663d5d2b22cd4dfcfbdb4f"}
{"question": "Where did Portuguese mariners explore in the 15th century?", "paragraph": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "answer": "the coast of West Africa", "sentence": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. <hl> Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "paragraph_answer": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down <hl> the coast of West Africa <hl> in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "sentence_answer": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down <hl> the coast of West Africa <hl> in the 15th century.", "paragraph_id": "5d65da752b22cd4dfcfbcf1a"}
{"question": "What are the abbreviations for United States?", "paragraph": "The argument that acronyms should have no different plural form (for example, \"If D can stand for disc, it can also stand for discs\") is in general disregarded because of the practicality in distinguishing singulars and plurals. This is not the case, however, when the abbreviation is understood to describe a plural noun already: For example, U.S. is short for United States, but not United State. In this case, the options for making a possessive form of an abbreviation that is already in its plural form without a final s may seem awkward: for example, U.S., U.S.'s, etc. In such instances, possessive abbreviations are often foregone in favor of simple attributive usage (for example, the U.S. economy) or expanding the abbreviation to its full form and then making the possessive (for example, the United States' economy). On the other hand, in speech, the pronunciation United States's sometimes is used.", "answer": "U.S., U.S.'s", "sentence": "In this case, the options for making a possessive form of an abbreviation that is already in its plural form without a final s may seem awkward: for example, U.S., U.S.'s , etc.", "paragraph_sentence": "The argument that acronyms should have no different plural form (for example, \"If D can stand for disc, it can also stand for discs\") is in general disregarded because of the practicality in distinguishing singulars and plurals. This is not the case, however, when the abbreviation is understood to describe a plural noun already: For example, U.S. is short for United States, but not United State. <hl> In this case, the options for making a possessive form of an abbreviation that is already in its plural form without a final s may seem awkward: for example, U.S., U.S.'s , etc. <hl> In such instances, possessive abbreviations are often foregone in favor of simple attributive usage (for example, the U.S. economy) or expanding the abbreviation to its full form and then making the possessive (for example, the United States' economy). On the other hand, in speech, the pronunciation United States's sometimes is used.", "paragraph_answer": "The argument that acronyms should have no different plural form (for example, \"If D can stand for disc, it can also stand for discs\") is in general disregarded because of the practicality in distinguishing singulars and plurals. This is not the case, however, when the abbreviation is understood to describe a plural noun already: For example, U.S. is short for United States, but not United State. In this case, the options for making a possessive form of an abbreviation that is already in its plural form without a final s may seem awkward: for example, <hl> U.S., U.S.'s <hl>, etc. In such instances, possessive abbreviations are often foregone in favor of simple attributive usage (for example, the U.S. economy) or expanding the abbreviation to its full form and then making the possessive (for example, the United States' economy). On the other hand, in speech, the pronunciation United States's sometimes is used.", "sentence_answer": "In this case, the options for making a possessive form of an abbreviation that is already in its plural form without a final s may seem awkward: for example, <hl> U.S., U.S.'s <hl> , etc.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a9b72b22cd4dfcfbcaec"}
{"question": "What are redistributable and available for download from Microsoft if the user chooses?", "paragraph": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "answer": "Language Interface Packs", "sentence": "Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with).", "paragraph_sentence": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. <hl> Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). <hl> This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "paragraph_answer": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. <hl> Language Interface Packs <hl> (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Language Interface Packs <hl> (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with).", "paragraph_id": "5d67a7bf2b22cd4dfcfbff3a"}
{"question": "What are the two types of numbers?", "paragraph": "Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin). Exceptions using initials for numbers include TLA (three-letter acronym/abbreviation) and GoF (Gang of Four). Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions, such as W3C (\"World Wide Web Consortium\") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B (\"business to business\"); and numeronyms, such as i18n (\"internationalization\"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n).", "answer": "cardinal and ordinal", "sentence": "Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal ) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal ) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). <hl> Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin). Exceptions using initials for numbers include TLA (three-letter acronym/abbreviation) and GoF (Gang of Four). Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions, such as W3C (\"World Wide Web Consortium\") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B (\"business to business\"); and numeronyms, such as i18n (\"internationalization\"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n).", "paragraph_answer": "Numbers (both <hl> cardinal and ordinal <hl>) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin). Exceptions using initials for numbers include TLA (three-letter acronym/abbreviation) and GoF (Gang of Four). Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions, such as W3C (\"World Wide Web Consortium\") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B (\"business to business\"); and numeronyms, such as i18n (\"internationalization\"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n).", "sentence_answer": "Numbers (both <hl> cardinal and ordinal <hl> ) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77).", "paragraph_id": "5d65acbe2b22cd4dfcfbcb0c"}
{"question": "Which theorem talks about infinite models of first-order theory?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain.  Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "answer": "L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem", "sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. <hl> In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem <hl> shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem <hl> shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e16d2b22cd4dfcfbe4ee"}
{"question": "What percentage increase is estimated for Manhattan?", "paragraph": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "answer": "18.8", "sentence": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8 % over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8 % over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. <hl> The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "paragraph_answer": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of <hl> 18.8 <hl>% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "sentence_answer": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of <hl> 18.8 <hl> % over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period.", "paragraph_id": "5d67614e2b22cd4dfcfbf944"}
{"question": "What is one of the major daily newspapers that serve Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "answer": "The New York Times", "sentence": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times , New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including The New York Times , New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. <hl> The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including <hl> The New York Times <hl>, New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough. The nation's largest newspaper by circulation, The Wall Street Journal, is also based there. Other daily newspapers include AM New York and The Villager. The New York Amsterdam News, based in Harlem, is one of the leading African American weekly newspapers in the United States. The Village Voice is a leading alternative weekly based in the borough.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan is served by the major New York City dailies, including <hl> The New York Times <hl> , New York Daily News, and New York Post, which are all headquartered in the borough.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a1132b22cd4dfcfbfec6"}
{"question": "What four brands user higher copper alloys in thier contruction?", "paragraph": "Other materials have been tried with varying degrees of success, such as the 1950s Grafton plastic alto saxophone and its recent successor, the polycarbonate saxophone, VibratoSax. There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale. Recent years have seen use higher copper alloys substituted for the \"yellow brass\" or \"cartridge brass\" that are most common, for visual and tonal effect.  Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design.  Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein.  Yanagisawa and other manufacturers, starting with the King Super 20 around 1950, have made saxophone necks, bells, or entire instruments from sterling silver. Keilwerth and P. Mauriat have made saxes with a nickel silver body. Opinions vary on the significance of body materials to sound.  With the exception of the identical brass and phosphor bronze Yanagisawa models, opportunities to isolate body materials from other variables in design and construction are lacking.", "answer": "Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein", "sentence": " Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein .", "paragraph_sentence": "Other materials have been tried with varying degrees of success, such as the 1950s Grafton plastic alto saxophone and its recent successor, the polycarbonate saxophone, VibratoSax. There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale. Recent years have seen use higher copper alloys substituted for the \"yellow brass\" or \"cartridge brass\" that are most common, for visual and tonal effect. Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design. <hl> Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein . <hl> Yanagisawa and other manufacturers, starting with the King Super 20 around 1950, have made saxophone necks, bells, or entire instruments from sterling silver. Keilwerth and P. Mauriat have made saxes with a nickel silver body. Opinions vary on the significance of body materials to sound. With the exception of the identical brass and phosphor bronze Yanagisawa models, opportunities to isolate body materials from other variables in design and construction are lacking.", "paragraph_answer": "Other materials have been tried with varying degrees of success, such as the 1950s Grafton plastic alto saxophone and its recent successor, the polycarbonate saxophone, VibratoSax. There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale. Recent years have seen use higher copper alloys substituted for the \"yellow brass\" or \"cartridge brass\" that are most common, for visual and tonal effect. Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design. Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands <hl> Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein <hl>. Yanagisawa and other manufacturers, starting with the King Super 20 around 1950, have made saxophone necks, bells, or entire instruments from sterling silver. Keilwerth and P. Mauriat have made saxes with a nickel silver body. Opinions vary on the significance of body materials to sound. With the exception of the identical brass and phosphor bronze Yanagisawa models, opportunities to isolate body materials from other variables in design and construction are lacking.", "sentence_answer": " Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands <hl> Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8622b22cd4dfcfc0042"}
{"question": "What year did the last ship land on American soil?", "paragraph": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. The Africans on board were sold as slaves; however, slavery in the U.S. was abolished five years later following the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last survivor of the voyage was Cudjoe Lewis, who died in 1935.\nThe last country to ban the Atlantic slave trade was Brazil in 1831. However, a vibrant illegal trade continued to ship large numbers of enslaved people to Brazil and also to Cuba until the 1860s, when British enforcement and further diplomacy finally ended the Atlantic trade. In 1870 Portugal ended the last trade route with the Americas where the last country to import slaves was Brazil. In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888, which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "answer": "in 1859", "sentence": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which in 1859 illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. <hl> The Africans on board were sold as slaves; however, slavery in the U.S. was abolished five years later following the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last survivor of the voyage was Cudjoe Lewis, who died in 1935. The last country to ban the Atlantic slave trade was Brazil in 1831. However, a vibrant illegal trade continued to ship large numbers of enslaved people to Brazil and also to Cuba until the 1860s, when British enforcement and further diplomacy finally ended the Atlantic trade. In 1870 Portugal ended the last trade route with the Americas where the last country to import slaves was Brazil. In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888, which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "paragraph_answer": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which <hl> in 1859 <hl> illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama. The Africans on board were sold as slaves; however, slavery in the U.S. was abolished five years later following the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last survivor of the voyage was Cudjoe Lewis, who died in 1935. The last country to ban the Atlantic slave trade was Brazil in 1831. However, a vibrant illegal trade continued to ship large numbers of enslaved people to Brazil and also to Cuba until the 1860s, when British enforcement and further diplomacy finally ended the Atlantic trade. In 1870 Portugal ended the last trade route with the Americas where the last country to import slaves was Brazil. In Brazil slavery itself however did not end until 1888, which was the last country in the Americas to end involuntary servitude.", "sentence_answer": "The last recorded slave ship to land on American soil was the Clotilde, which <hl> in 1859 <hl> illegally smuggled a number of Africans into the town of Mobile, Alabama.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7812b22cd4dfcfbd45e"}
{"question": "What does quonehtacut mean?", "paragraph": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \"place of long tidal river.\" Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "answer": "place of long tidal river", "sentence": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \" place of long tidal river .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \" place of long tidal river .\" <hl> Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \"<hl> place of long tidal river <hl>.\" Connecticut's official nickname, adopted in 1959, is \"The Constitution State,\" based on its colonial constitution of 1638\u201339 which was the first in America and, arguably, the world. Unofficially (but popularly) Connecticut is also known as \"The Nutmeg State.\" The origins of the nutmeg connection to Connecticut are unknown. It may have come from its sailors returning from voyages with nutmeg (which in the 18th and 19th centuries was a very valuable spice). It may have originated in the early machined sheet tin nutmeg grinders sold by early Connecticut peddlers. It is also facetiously said to come from Yankee peddlers from Connecticut who would sell small carved nobs of wood shaped to look like nutmeg to unsuspecting customers. George Washington gave Connecticut the title of \"The Provisions State\" because of the material aid the state rendered to the American Revolutionary War effort. Connecticut is also known as \"The Land of Steady Habits.\"", "sentence_answer": "The name \"Connecticut\" originates from the Mohegan word quonehtacut, meaning \" <hl> place of long tidal river <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7ab2b22cd4dfcfbd468"}
{"question": "How many possible semantics are there for second order logic?", "paragraph": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "answer": "several", "sentence": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. <hl> The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are <hl> several <hl> possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are <hl> several <hl> possible semantics for second-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671f22b22cd4dfcfbdf35"}
{"question": "What complements the military high schools?", "paragraph": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "answer": "three military academies", "sentence": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies \u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies \u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. <hl> Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "paragraph_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by <hl> three military academies <hl>\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "sentence_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by <hl> three military academies <hl> \u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8722b22cd4dfcfbd47d"}
{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedd7"}
{"question": "What day is the budget delivered in the House of Representatives?", "paragraph": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into 'sitting fortnights' of two four-day weeks. These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "answer": "the first sitting day of May", "sentence": "These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into 'sitting fortnights' of two four-day weeks. <hl> These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into 'sitting fortnights' of two four-day weeks. These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on <hl> the first sitting day of May <hl> and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "sentence_answer": "These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on <hl> the first sitting day of May <hl> and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "paragraph_id": "5d66d9f02b22cd4dfcfbe4d4"}
{"question": "What area did European Puritans colonize?", "paragraph": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "answer": "New England", "sentence": "Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England , the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. <hl> Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England , the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. <hl> Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of <hl> New England <hl>, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "sentence_answer": "Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of <hl> New England <hl> , the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672232b22cd4dfcfbdf40"}
{"question": "What area receives the least rainfall?", "paragraph": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong. The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "answer": "Imphal", "sentence": "Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). <hl> Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong. <hl> The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in <hl> Imphal <hl> to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong. The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in <hl> Imphal <hl> to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong.", "paragraph_id": "5d6710392b22cd4dfcfbed10"}
{"question": "The RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against which country?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Germany", "sentence": "Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. <hl> Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. <hl> However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against <hl> Germany <hl> that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against <hl> Germany <hl> that was ended a year later with an armistice.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815de2b22cd4dfcfc0581"}
{"question": "What other issues were given attention in second wave feminism?", "paragraph": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "answer": "domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law.", "sentence": "Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_sentence": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. <hl> Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to <hl> domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. <hl> Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "sentence_answer": "Second-wave feminism also drew attention to <hl> domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. <hl> Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_id": "5d670b4c2b22cd4dfcfbebdb"}
{"question": "What other election is usually at the same time as House of Representatives.", "paragraph": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "answer": "election of senators", "sentence": "There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. <hl> There is no constitutional requirement for the election of senators to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Chapter I, Part II of the Australian Constitution. There are a total of 76 senators; 12 senators are elected from each state, regardless of population. Each of the two autonomous internal territories (the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory) have two senators. Senators are popularly elected under a single transferable vote system of proportional representation. There is no constitutional requirement for the <hl> election of senators <hl> to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "sentence_answer": "There is no constitutional requirement for the <hl> election of senators <hl> to take place at the same time as those for members of the House of Representatives, though the government usually synchronises election dates.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c4ef2b22cd4dfcfbcc6a"}
{"question": "Which region were there about 9,600 slaves in 1700?", "paragraph": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Chesapeake region", "sentence": "In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. <hl> In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. <hl> About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in <hl> the Chesapeake region <hl> and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in <hl> the Chesapeake region <hl> and a few hundred in the Carolinas.", "paragraph_id": "5d667a392b22cd4dfcfbe055"}
{"question": "How does inline expansion allow the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively?", "paragraph": "A method used to eliminate this overhead is inline expansion or inlining of the subprogram's body at each call site (versus branching to the subroutine and back). Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. Inlining however, will usually increase the code size, unless the program contains only one call to the subroutine, or the subroutine body is less code than the call overhead.", "answer": "by taking into account the context and arguments at that call.", "sentence": "Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler.", "paragraph_sentence": "A method used to eliminate this overhead is inline expansion or inlining of the subprogram's body at each call site (versus branching to the subroutine and back). <hl> Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. <hl> Inlining however, will usually increase the code size, unless the program contains only one call to the subroutine, or the subroutine body is less code than the call overhead.", "paragraph_answer": "A method used to eliminate this overhead is inline expansion or inlining of the subprogram's body at each call site (versus branching to the subroutine and back). Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively <hl> by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. <hl> The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. Inlining however, will usually increase the code size, unless the program contains only one call to the subroutine, or the subroutine body is less code than the call overhead.", "sentence_answer": "Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively <hl> by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. <hl> The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e2be2b22cd4dfcfc0390"}
{"question": "What has happened to many airplanes in the Sierra Nevada?", "paragraph": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.  Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett.  Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "answer": "crashed", "sentence": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. <hl> Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett. Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "paragraph_answer": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have <hl> crashed <hl> in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett. Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "sentence_answer": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have <hl> crashed <hl> in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.", "paragraph_id": "5d67048d2b22cd4dfcfbeaaa"}
{"question": "What type of landing did the Space Shuttle make?", "paragraph": "The flag has been displayed on every U.S. spacecraft designed for manned flight, including Mercury, Gemini, Apollo Command/Service Module, Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle. The flag also appeared on the S-IC first stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle used for Apollo. But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight.", "answer": "horizontal atmospheric flight", "sentence": "But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag has been displayed on every U.S. spacecraft designed for manned flight, including Mercury, Gemini, Apollo Command/Service Module, Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle. The flag also appeared on the S-IC first stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle used for Apollo. <hl> But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The flag has been displayed on every U.S. spacecraft designed for manned flight, including Mercury, Gemini, Apollo Command/Service Module, Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle. The flag also appeared on the S-IC first stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle used for Apollo. But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of <hl> horizontal atmospheric flight <hl> as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight.", "sentence_answer": "But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of <hl> horizontal atmospheric flight <hl> as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2c72b22cd4dfcfbcbde"}
{"question": "How many years is internship for medical education in Taiwan?", "paragraph": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.\nThe first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours.\nClinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years.\nThe duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade.\nTaiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree.  Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "answer": "1-year", "sentence": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus 1-year internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. <hl> The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "paragraph_answer": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus <hl> 1-year <hl> internship) in duration, starting right after high schools. The first 2 years in the 7-year system is composed of basic sciences and liberal art courses. Doctor-patient classes are emphasized, and most schools require compulsory amounts of volunteer hours. Clinical sciences are compressed into a two-year program in the 3rd and 4th years. The duration of clerkships and internships varies from school to school, but all of them end at the 7th grade. Taiwan\u2019s medical education began in 1897 and is over 100 years old now. Students graduate with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. Starting from the year 2013, incoming students will have a 6+2 year curriculum, in which the first 6 years are oriented similarly as before and the last two years are Post Graduate Years; this change aims to increase primary care capabilities of medical school graduates.", "sentence_answer": "The medical education in Taiwan is usually 7 years (6-year learning plus <hl> 1-year <hl> internship) in duration, starting right after high schools.", "paragraph_id": "5d6655c12b22cd4dfcfbdc35"}
{"question": "When was Instanbul founded and under what name was it founded under?", "paragraph": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "answer": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE,", "sentence": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. <hl> After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, <hl> the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, <hl> the city developed to become one of the most significant in history.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de7f2b22cd4dfcfbd012"}
{"question": "What does immorality mean?", "paragraph": "Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "answer": "opposition to that which is good or right", "sentence": "opposition to that which is good or right ), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "paragraph_sentence": "Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. <hl> opposition to that which is good or right ), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. <hl> opposition to that which is good or right <hl>), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> opposition to that which is good or right <hl> ), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e4d82b22cd4dfcfc03c1"}
{"question": "What effects poor countries more than rich ones?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. \n The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "answer": "Cardiovascular disease", "sentence": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. <hl> There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Cardiovascular disease <hl> affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cardiovascular disease <hl> affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d0c72b22cd4dfcfbcdd4"}
{"question": "What is the BBC's urban station?", "paragraph": "The BBC's \"urban\" station BBC Radio 1Xtra used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29/08/2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates. The network also organises a week-long tour of the UK each year called Xtra Bass. London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in the development of Drum and Bass, with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only Drum and Bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal license), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax Fm and Eruption among the most influential.", "answer": "BBC Radio 1Xtra", "sentence": "The BBC's \"urban\" station BBC Radio 1Xtra used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29/08/2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The BBC's \"urban\" station BBC Radio 1Xtra used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29/08/2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates. <hl> The network also organises a week-long tour of the UK each year called Xtra Bass. London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in the development of Drum and Bass, with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only Drum and Bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal license), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax Fm and Eruption among the most influential.", "paragraph_answer": "The BBC's \"urban\" station <hl> BBC Radio 1Xtra <hl> used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29/08/2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates. The network also organises a week-long tour of the UK each year called Xtra Bass. London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in the development of Drum and Bass, with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only Drum and Bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal license), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax Fm and Eruption among the most influential.", "sentence_answer": "The BBC's \"urban\" station <hl> BBC Radio 1Xtra <hl> used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29/08/2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates.", "paragraph_id": "5d66706d2b22cd4dfcfbdf06"}
{"question": "What are examples of neuroimaging?", "paragraph": "At the cognitive level, cognitive neuroscience addresses the questions of how psychological functions are produced by neural circuitry. The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates.", "answer": "fMRI, PET, SPECT", "sentence": "The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT ), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the cognitive level, cognitive neuroscience addresses the questions of how psychological functions are produced by neural circuitry. <hl> The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT ), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At the cognitive level, cognitive neuroscience addresses the questions of how psychological functions are produced by neural circuitry. The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., <hl> fMRI, PET, SPECT <hl>), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates.", "sentence_answer": "The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., <hl> fMRI, PET, SPECT <hl> ), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b51f2b22cd4dfcfbffe1"}
{"question": "What season did the varsity teams join the ACC?", "paragraph": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "answer": "2013-14", "sentence": "All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL)", "paragraph_sentence": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. <hl> All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL) <hl> . The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "paragraph_answer": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the <hl> 2013-14 <hl> season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "sentence_answer": "All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the <hl> 2013-14 <hl> season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL)", "paragraph_id": "5d66f84b2b22cd4dfcfbe861"}
{"question": "How many municipalities are there in the county in Nashville?", "paragraph": "Counties may contain a number of cities, towns, villages, or hamlets, or sometimes just a part of a city. Some cities are consolidated with, and coterminous with, their counties, including Philadelphia, Honolulu, San Francisco, Nashville, and Denver\u2014that is to say, these counties consist in their entirety of a single municipality the government of which also operates as the county government. Some counties, such as Arlington County, Virginia, do not have any additional subdivisions. Some states contain independent cities that are not part of any county. New York City is coterminous with five counties.", "answer": "single", "sentence": "Some cities are consolidated with, and coterminous with, their counties, including Philadelphia, Honolulu, San Francisco, Nashville, and Denver\u2014that is to say, these counties consist in their entirety of a single municipality the government of which also operates as the county government.", "paragraph_sentence": "Counties may contain a number of cities, towns, villages, or hamlets, or sometimes just a part of a city. <hl> Some cities are consolidated with, and coterminous with, their counties, including Philadelphia, Honolulu, San Francisco, Nashville, and Denver\u2014that is to say, these counties consist in their entirety of a single municipality the government of which also operates as the county government. <hl> Some counties, such as Arlington County, Virginia, do not have any additional subdivisions. Some states contain independent cities that are not part of any county. New York City is coterminous with five counties.", "paragraph_answer": "Counties may contain a number of cities, towns, villages, or hamlets, or sometimes just a part of a city. Some cities are consolidated with, and coterminous with, their counties, including Philadelphia, Honolulu, San Francisco, Nashville, and Denver\u2014that is to say, these counties consist in their entirety of a <hl> single <hl> municipality the government of which also operates as the county government. Some counties, such as Arlington County, Virginia, do not have any additional subdivisions. Some states contain independent cities that are not part of any county. New York City is coterminous with five counties.", "sentence_answer": "Some cities are consolidated with, and coterminous with, their counties, including Philadelphia, Honolulu, San Francisco, Nashville, and Denver\u2014that is to say, these counties consist in their entirety of a <hl> single <hl> municipality the government of which also operates as the county government.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750102b22cd4dfcfbf66e"}
{"question": "Lakes can store heat levels that are different between the water surface and what?", "paragraph": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "answer": "the air above", "sentence": "Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above .", "paragraph_sentence": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. <hl> Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and the air above . <hl> Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "paragraph_answer": "Southwest of extratropical cyclones, curved cyclonic flow bringing cold air across the relatively warm water bodies can lead to narrow lake-effect snow bands. Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and <hl> the air above <hl>. Because of this temperature difference, warmth and moisture are transported upward, condensing into vertically oriented clouds (see satellite picture) which produce snow showers. The temperature decrease with height and cloud depth are directly affected by both the water temperature and the large-scale environment. The stronger the temperature decrease with height, the deeper the clouds get, and the greater the precipitation rate becomes.", "sentence_answer": "Those bands bring strong localized snowfall which can be understood as follows: Large water bodies such as lakes efficiently store heat that results in significant temperature differences (larger than 13 \u00b0C or 23 \u00b0F) between the water surface and <hl> the air above <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f1a92b22cd4dfcfbe6b7"}
{"question": "What are the characteristics of \"Jungle Techno\"?", "paragraph": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called rave music, which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. But rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music. This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music, were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. It is important to note when discussing the history of Drum n Bass that prior to Jungle, rave music was getting faster and more experimental. Professional DJ & producer C.K. states, \"There was a progression as far as the speed of music is concerned. Anyone buying vinyl every week from 1989 to 1992 noticed this.\"", "answer": "heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music", "sentence": "This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music , were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called rave music, which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. But rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music. <hl> This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music , were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. <hl> It is important to note when discussing the history of Drum n Bass that prior to Jungle, rave music was getting faster and more experimental. Professional DJ & producer C.K. states, \"There was a progression as far as the speed of music is concerned. Anyone buying vinyl every week from 1989 to 1992 noticed this.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In the late 1980s and early 1990s, a growing nightclub and overnight outdoor event culture gave birth to a new electronic music style called rave music, which, much like hip-hop, combined sampled syncopated beats or breakbeats, other samples from a wide range of different musical genres and, occasionally, samples of music, dialogue and effects from films and television programmes. But rave music tended to feature stronger bass sounds and a faster tempo (127 to over 140) beats per minute (BPM) than that of early house music. This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with <hl> heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music <hl>, were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain. It is important to note when discussing the history of Drum n Bass that prior to Jungle, rave music was getting faster and more experimental. Professional DJ & producer C.K. states, \"There was a progression as far as the speed of music is concerned. Anyone buying vinyl every week from 1989 to 1992 noticed this.\"", "sentence_answer": "This subgenre was known as \"hardcore\" rave but from as early as 1991, some musical tracks made up of these high-tempo break beats, with <hl> heavy basslines and samples of older Jamaican music <hl> , were referred to as \"jungle techno\", a genre influenced by Jack Smooth and Basement Records, and later just \"jungle\", which became recognized as a separate musical genre popular at raves and on pirate radio in Britain.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a4942b22cd4dfcfbe392"}
{"question": "What is attributed to infrastructure investment?", "paragraph": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "answer": "job creation", "sentence": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_sentence": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. <hl> Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. <hl> These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "paragraph_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 <hl> job creation <hl> arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "sentence_answer": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 <hl> job creation <hl> arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e3e2b22cd4dfcfbec89"}
{"question": "What is an example of a matronymic surname?", "paragraph": "These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \"Andersen,\" a matronymic such as \"Beaton,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\" Multiple surnames may be derived from a single given name: e.g. there are thought to be over 90 Italian surnames based on the given name \"Giovanni.\"", "answer": "Beaton", "sentence": "These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \"Andersen,\" a matronymic such as \" Beaton ,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \"Andersen,\" a matronymic such as \" Beaton ,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\" <hl> Multiple surnames may be derived from a single given name: e.g. there are thought to be over 90 Italian surnames based on the given name \"Giovanni.\"", "paragraph_answer": "These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \"Andersen,\" a matronymic such as \"<hl> Beaton <hl>,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\" Multiple surnames may be derived from a single given name: e.g. there are thought to be over 90 Italian surnames based on the given name \"Giovanni.\"", "sentence_answer": "These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \"Andersen,\" a matronymic such as \" <hl> Beaton <hl> ,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d671dbb2b22cd4dfcfbefc8"}
{"question": "In what year was the constitutional convention in which Connecticut had a pivotal role?", "paragraph": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787, during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. This plan combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to form a bicameral legislature, a form copied by almost every state constitution since the adoption of the federal constitution. Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey, Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. Otherwise, it is still the design of Congress.", "answer": "1787", "sentence": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787 , during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of 1787 , during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. <hl> This plan combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to form a bicameral legislature, a form copied by almost every state constitution since the adoption of the federal constitution. Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey, Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. Otherwise, it is still the design of Congress.", "paragraph_answer": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of <hl> 1787 <hl>, during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise. This plan combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to form a bicameral legislature, a form copied by almost every state constitution since the adoption of the federal constitution. Although variations of the bicameral legislature had been proposed by Virginia and New Jersey, Connecticut's plan is the one that was in effect until the early 20th century, when Senators ceased to be selected by their state legislatures and were instead directly elected. Otherwise, it is still the design of Congress.", "sentence_answer": "The more likely source of the nickname \"Constitution State\" comes from Connecticut's pivotal role in the federal constitutional convention of <hl> 1787 <hl> , during which Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth helped to orchestrate what became known as the Connecticut Compromise, or the Great Compromise.", "paragraph_id": "5d667d662b22cd4dfcfbe08c"}
{"question": "What large construction project helped to unite the city together?", "paragraph": "The construction of the New York City Subway, which opened in 1904, helped bind the new city together, as did additional bridges to Brooklyn. In the 1920s, Manhattan experienced large arrivals of African-Americans as part of the Great Migration from the southern United States, and the Harlem Renaissance, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era that included new skyscrapers competing for the skyline. New York City became the most populous city in the world in 1925, overtaking London, which had reigned for a century. Manhattan's majority white ethnic group declined from 98.7% in 1900 to 58.3% by 1990.", "answer": "New York City Subway", "sentence": "The construction of the New York City Subway , which opened in 1904, helped bind the new city together, as did additional bridges to Brooklyn.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The construction of the New York City Subway , which opened in 1904, helped bind the new city together, as did additional bridges to Brooklyn. <hl> In the 1920s, Manhattan experienced large arrivals of African-Americans as part of the Great Migration from the southern United States, and the Harlem Renaissance, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era that included new skyscrapers competing for the skyline. New York City became the most populous city in the world in 1925, overtaking London, which had reigned for a century. Manhattan's majority white ethnic group declined from 98.7% in 1900 to 58.3% by 1990.", "paragraph_answer": "The construction of the <hl> New York City Subway <hl>, which opened in 1904, helped bind the new city together, as did additional bridges to Brooklyn. In the 1920s, Manhattan experienced large arrivals of African-Americans as part of the Great Migration from the southern United States, and the Harlem Renaissance, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era that included new skyscrapers competing for the skyline. New York City became the most populous city in the world in 1925, overtaking London, which had reigned for a century. Manhattan's majority white ethnic group declined from 98.7% in 1900 to 58.3% by 1990.", "sentence_answer": "The construction of the <hl> New York City Subway <hl> , which opened in 1904, helped bind the new city together, as did additional bridges to Brooklyn.", "paragraph_id": "5d67df062b22cd4dfcfc0353"}
{"question": "Which metropolitan area is found in southern and western Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. It is known as the \"Constitution State\", the \"Nutmeg State\", the \"Provisions State\", and the \"Land of Steady Habits\". It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States. Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire, New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "answer": "New York", "sentence": "Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. It is known as the \"Constitution State\", the \"Nutmeg State\", the \"Provisions State\", and the \"Land of Steady Habits\". It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States. <hl> Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. <hl> Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire, New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. It is known as the \"Constitution State\", the \"Nutmeg State\", the \"Provisions State\", and the \"Land of Steady Habits\". It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States. Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the <hl> New York <hl> metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire, New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "sentence_answer": "Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the <hl> New York <hl> metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd932b22cd4dfcfbcfc8"}
{"question": "When were the first four Marine Coastal Sectors were organized?", "paragraph": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "answer": "On 26 October 1943", "sentence": "At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943 , it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS).", "paragraph_sentence": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. <hl> At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943 , it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). <hl> The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] <hl> On 26 October 1943 <hl>, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] <hl> On 26 October 1943 <hl> , it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS).", "paragraph_id": "5d67bce52b22cd4dfcfc010e"}
{"question": "What is the oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today?", "paragraph": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "answer": "Boston's Matthews Arena", "sentence": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena , which was built in 1910.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena , which was built in 1910. <hl> It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "paragraph_answer": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is <hl> Boston's Matthews Arena <hl>, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "sentence_answer": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is <hl> Boston's Matthews Arena <hl> , which was built in 1910.", "paragraph_id": "5d666d552b22cd4dfcfbdeb2"}
{"question": "What percentage of the state's people practiced Folk religions?", "paragraph": "Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. These religions have a long history in Manipur. Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion. Sanamahi worship is concentrated around the Sun God/Sanamahi. The early Manipuri worshiped a Supreme deity, Lainingthou Soralel, and followed their ancestors. Their ancestor worship and animism was based on Umang Lai \u2013 ethnic governing deities worshiped in sacred groves. Some of the traditional deities (Lais) whom Manipuri worship are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Oknarel, Panganba, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbaren, and Koubru.", "answer": "about 8%", "sentence": "Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. <hl> These religions have a long history in Manipur. Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion. Sanamahi worship is concentrated around the Sun God/Sanamahi. The early Manipuri worshiped a Supreme deity, Lainingthou Soralel, and followed their ancestors. Their ancestor worship and animism was based on Umang Lai \u2013 ethnic governing deities worshiped in sacred groves. Some of the traditional deities (Lais) whom Manipuri worship are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Oknarel, Panganba, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbaren, and Koubru.", "paragraph_answer": "Folk religions are practiced by <hl> about 8% <hl> of the state's people. These religions have a long history in Manipur. Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion. Sanamahi worship is concentrated around the Sun God/Sanamahi. The early Manipuri worshiped a Supreme deity, Lainingthou Soralel, and followed their ancestors. Their ancestor worship and animism was based on Umang Lai \u2013 ethnic governing deities worshiped in sacred groves. Some of the traditional deities (Lais) whom Manipuri worship are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Oknarel, Panganba, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbaren, and Koubru.", "sentence_answer": "Folk religions are practiced by <hl> about 8% <hl> of the state's people.", "paragraph_id": "5d6835e92b22cd4dfcfc067e"}
{"question": "Who was the Governor General of Canada in 1888?", "paragraph": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. In 1892, realizing that there was no recognition for the best team in Canada (although a number of leagues had championship trophies), he purchased a silver bowl for use as a trophy. The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. Stanley's son Arthur helped organize the Ontario Hockey Association, and Stanley's daughter Isobel was one of the first women to play ice hockey.", "answer": "Lord Stanley of Preston", "sentence": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, Lord Stanley of Preston (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. <hl> In 1892, realizing that there was no recognition for the best team in Canada (although a number of leagues had championship trophies), he purchased a silver bowl for use as a trophy. The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. Stanley's son Arthur helped organize the Ontario Hockey Association, and Stanley's daughter Isobel was one of the first women to play ice hockey.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, <hl> Lord Stanley of Preston <hl> (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game. In 1892, realizing that there was no recognition for the best team in Canada (although a number of leagues had championship trophies), he purchased a silver bowl for use as a trophy. The Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup (which later became known as the Stanley Cup) was first awarded in 1893 to the Montreal Hockey Club, champions of the AHAC; it continues to be awarded annually to the National Hockey League's championship team. Stanley's son Arthur helped organize the Ontario Hockey Association, and Stanley's daughter Isobel was one of the first women to play ice hockey.", "sentence_answer": "In 1888, the Governor General of Canada, <hl> Lord Stanley of Preston <hl> (whose sons and daughter were hockey enthusiasts), first attended the Montreal Winter Carnival tournament and was impressed with the game.", "paragraph_id": "5d66641b2b22cd4dfcfbdd92"}
{"question": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from what decade up til the 1970s?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s. It remained quite windy and open until the city councils from the 1980s on began developing an active architectural policy. Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more 'livable' city centre with a new skyline. In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre.\nRotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "answer": "1950s", "sentence": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s. <hl> It remained quite windy and open until the city councils from the 1980s on began developing an active architectural policy. Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more 'livable' city centre with a new skyline. In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre. Rotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the <hl> 1950s <hl> through to the 1970s. It remained quite windy and open until the city councils from the 1980s on began developing an active architectural policy. Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more 'livable' city centre with a new skyline. In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre. Rotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "sentence_answer": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the <hl> 1950s <hl> through to the 1970s.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b5ee2b22cd4dfcfbfff4"}
{"question": "What happens when the ayes equal the noes in a vote?", "paragraph": "The senate contains an even number of senators, so a tied vote is a real prospect (which regularly occurs when the party numbers in the chamber are finely balanced). Section 23 of the Constitution requires that in the event of a tied division, the question is resolved in the negative. The system is however different for ballots for offices such as the President. If such a ballot is tied, the Clerk of the Senate decides the outcome by the drawing of lots. In reality, conventions govern most ballots, so this situation does not arise.", "answer": "the question is resolved in the negative", "sentence": "Section 23 of the Constitution requires that in the event of a tied division, the question is resolved in the negative .", "paragraph_sentence": "The senate contains an even number of senators, so a tied vote is a real prospect (which regularly occurs when the party numbers in the chamber are finely balanced). <hl> Section 23 of the Constitution requires that in the event of a tied division, the question is resolved in the negative . <hl> The system is however different for ballots for offices such as the President. If such a ballot is tied, the Clerk of the Senate decides the outcome by the drawing of lots. In reality, conventions govern most ballots, so this situation does not arise.", "paragraph_answer": "The senate contains an even number of senators, so a tied vote is a real prospect (which regularly occurs when the party numbers in the chamber are finely balanced). Section 23 of the Constitution requires that in the event of a tied division, <hl> the question is resolved in the negative <hl>. The system is however different for ballots for offices such as the President. If such a ballot is tied, the Clerk of the Senate decides the outcome by the drawing of lots. In reality, conventions govern most ballots, so this situation does not arise.", "sentence_answer": "Section 23 of the Constitution requires that in the event of a tied division, <hl> the question is resolved in the negative <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6bd2b22cd4dfcfbd1f3"}
{"question": "What would a \"C\" designation of the Koppen classification signify?", "paragraph": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation.  The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "answer": "mild mid-latitude", "sentence": " The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude ; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar.", "paragraph_sentence": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. <hl> The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude ; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. <hl> The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "paragraph_answer": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, <hl> mild mid-latitude <hl>; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "sentence_answer": " The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, <hl> mild mid-latitude <hl> ; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar.", "paragraph_id": "5d677c722b22cd4dfcfbfd42"}
{"question": "What year did Sabha Gokcen begin accepting flights from overseas?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast.  Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009 ; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. <hl> Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009 ; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. <hl> Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast. Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in <hl> 2009 <hl>; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast. Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "sentence_answer": "Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in <hl> 2009 <hl> ; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609472b22cd4dfcfbd67f"}
{"question": "Who invented Cartesian planes?", "paragraph": "The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by Ren\u00e9 Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra. Using the Cartesian coordinate system, geometric shapes (such as curves) can be described by Cartesian equations: algebraic equations involving the coordinates of the points lying on the shape. For example, a circle of radius 2, centered at the origin of the plane, may be described as the set of all points whose coordinates x and y satisfy the equation x2 + y2 = 4.", "answer": "Ren\u00e9 Descartes", "sentence": "The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by Ren\u00e9 Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by Ren\u00e9 Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra. <hl> Using the Cartesian coordinate system, geometric shapes (such as curves) can be described by Cartesian equations: algebraic equations involving the coordinates of the points lying on the shape. For example, a circle of radius 2, centered at the origin of the plane, may be described as the set of all points whose coordinates x and y satisfy the equation x2 + y2 = 4.", "paragraph_answer": "The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by <hl> Ren\u00e9 Descartes <hl> (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra. Using the Cartesian coordinate system, geometric shapes (such as curves) can be described by Cartesian equations: algebraic equations involving the coordinates of the points lying on the shape. For example, a circle of radius 2, centered at the origin of the plane, may be described as the set of all points whose coordinates x and y satisfy the equation x2 + y2 = 4.", "sentence_answer": "The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by <hl> Ren\u00e9 Descartes <hl> (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra.", "paragraph_id": "5d661b802b22cd4dfcfbd8e6"}
{"question": "What was the effect of the recount?", "paragraph": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election.  However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "answer": "changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots", "sentence": "After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green.", "paragraph_sentence": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election. However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. <hl> After the final recount the result was duly declared which changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. <hl> On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "paragraph_answer": "Vote tallies and seat counts in parentheses above are for the original Senate election. However, most Senate votes cast in Western Australia were subject to a formal recount. After the final recount the result was duly declared which <hl> changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots <hl> from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green. On 15 November, the AEC successfully petitioned the High Court, acting as the Court of Disputed Returns, to seek an order from the court that the WA Senate election of all six senators (3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Sport) be declared void. On 28 February 2014 it was announced that the half-Senate election in Western Australia would take place on 5 April, which returned 3 Liberal, 1 Labor, 1 Green, 1 Palmer.", "sentence_answer": "After the final recount the result was duly declared which <hl> changed the last two predicted WA Senate spots <hl> from Palmer and Labor back to Sports and Green.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ef8d2b22cd4dfcfbd315"}
{"question": "What areas feature foreign food?", "paragraph": "Restaurants featuring foreign cuisines are mainly concentrated in the Beyo\u011flu, Be\u015fikta\u015f, \u015ei\u015fli and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y districts. Along \u0130stiklal Avenue is the \u00c7i\u00e7ek Pasaj\u0131, now home to winehouses (known as meyhanes), pubs, and restaurants. \u0130stiklal Avenue, originally famous for its taverns, has shifted toward shopping, but the nearby Nevizade Street is still lined with winehouses and pubs. Some other neighborhoods around \u0130stiklal Avenue have recently been revamped to cater to Beyo\u011flu's nightlife, with formerly commercial streets now lined with pubs, cafes, and restaurants playing live music. Other focal points for Istanbul's nightlife include Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131, Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y.", "answer": "Beyo\u011flu, Be\u015fikta\u015f, \u015ei\u015fli and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y districts", "sentence": "Restaurants featuring foreign cuisines are mainly concentrated in the Beyo\u011flu, Be\u015fikta\u015f, \u015ei\u015fli and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y districts .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Restaurants featuring foreign cuisines are mainly concentrated in the Beyo\u011flu, Be\u015fikta\u015f, \u015ei\u015fli and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y districts . <hl> Along \u0130stiklal Avenue is the \u00c7i\u00e7ek Pasaj\u0131, now home to winehouses (known as meyhanes), pubs, and restaurants. \u0130stiklal Avenue, originally famous for its taverns, has shifted toward shopping, but the nearby Nevizade Street is still lined with winehouses and pubs. Some other neighborhoods around \u0130stiklal Avenue have recently been revamped to cater to Beyo\u011flu's nightlife, with formerly commercial streets now lined with pubs, cafes, and restaurants playing live music. Other focal points for Istanbul's nightlife include Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131, Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y.", "paragraph_answer": "Restaurants featuring foreign cuisines are mainly concentrated in the <hl> Beyo\u011flu, Be\u015fikta\u015f, \u015ei\u015fli and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y districts <hl>. Along \u0130stiklal Avenue is the \u00c7i\u00e7ek Pasaj\u0131, now home to winehouses (known as meyhanes), pubs, and restaurants. \u0130stiklal Avenue, originally famous for its taverns, has shifted toward shopping, but the nearby Nevizade Street is still lined with winehouses and pubs. Some other neighborhoods around \u0130stiklal Avenue have recently been revamped to cater to Beyo\u011flu's nightlife, with formerly commercial streets now lined with pubs, cafes, and restaurants playing live music. Other focal points for Istanbul's nightlife include Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131, Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y.", "sentence_answer": "Restaurants featuring foreign cuisines are mainly concentrated in the <hl> Beyo\u011flu, Be\u015fikta\u015f, \u015ei\u015fli and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y districts <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ed8f2b22cd4dfcfbd2e9"}
{"question": "In what sense are state governments not sovereign?", "paragraph": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "answer": "in the Westphalian sense", "sentence": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. <hl> Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_answer": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign <hl> in the Westphalian sense <hl> in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "sentence_answer": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign <hl> in the Westphalian sense <hl> in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770a22b22cd4dfcfbfbc9"}
{"question": "Latin as a spoken language was pushed by?", "paragraph": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists. Often led by members of the clergy, they were shocked by the accelerated dismantling of the vestiges of the classical world and the rapid loss of its literature. They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of producing revised editions of the literary works that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts. They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "answer": "Renaissance Humanists", "sentence": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the Renaissance Humanists . <hl> Often led by members of the clergy, they were shocked by the accelerated dismantling of the vestiges of the classical world and the rapid loss of its literature. They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of producing revised editions of the literary works that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts. They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "paragraph_answer": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the <hl> Renaissance Humanists <hl>. Often led by members of the clergy, they were shocked by the accelerated dismantling of the vestiges of the classical world and the rapid loss of its literature. They strove to preserve what they could and restore Latin to what it had been, introducing the practice of producing revised editions of the literary works that remained by comparing surviving manuscripts. They corrected medieval Latin out of existence no later than the 15th century and replaced it with more formally correct versions supported by the scholars of the rising universities, who attempted, through scholarship, to discover what the classical language had been.", "sentence_answer": "The Renaissance briefly reinforced the position of Latin as a spoken language, through its adoption by the <hl> Renaissance Humanists <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661a252b22cd4dfcfbd8b7"}
{"question": "What is not a vestigial body>", "paragraph": "The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia. From a comparative governmental perspective, the Australian Senate exhibits distinctive characteristics. Unlike upper houses in other Westminster system governments, the Senate is not a vestigial body with limited legislative power. Rather it was intended to play, and does play an active role in legislation. Rather than being modelled solely after the House of Lords, as the Canadian Senate was, the Australian Senate was in part modelled after the United States Senate, by giving equal representation to each state. The Constitution intended to give less populous states added voice in a Federal legislature, while also providing for the revising role of an upper house in the Westminster system.", "answer": "the Senate", "sentence": "The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established the Senate as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia. <hl> From a comparative governmental perspective, the Australian Senate exhibits distinctive characteristics. Unlike upper houses in other Westminster system governments, the Senate is not a vestigial body with limited legislative power. Rather it was intended to play, and does play an active role in legislation. Rather than being modelled solely after the House of Lords, as the Canadian Senate was, the Australian Senate was in part modelled after the United States Senate, by giving equal representation to each state. The Constitution intended to give less populous states added voice in a Federal legislature, while also providing for the revising role of an upper house in the Westminster system.", "paragraph_answer": "The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established <hl> the Senate <hl> as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia. From a comparative governmental perspective, the Australian Senate exhibits distinctive characteristics. Unlike upper houses in other Westminster system governments, the Senate is not a vestigial body with limited legislative power. Rather it was intended to play, and does play an active role in legislation. Rather than being modelled solely after the House of Lords, as the Canadian Senate was, the Australian Senate was in part modelled after the United States Senate, by giving equal representation to each state. The Constitution intended to give less populous states added voice in a Federal legislature, while also providing for the revising role of an upper house in the Westminster system.", "sentence_answer": "The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (Imp.) of 1900 established <hl> the Senate <hl> as part of the new system of dominion government in newly federated Australia.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d19f2b22cd4dfcfbcdff"}
{"question": "What type of system is an ecosystem according to Norman L. Johnson?", "paragraph": "Diversity\nNorman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d  Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "answer": "decentralized", "sentence": "Diversity\nNorman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Diversity Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. <hl> \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Diversity Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in <hl> decentralized <hl> systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "sentence_answer": "Diversity Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in <hl> decentralized <hl> systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608eb2b22cd4dfcfbd660"}
{"question": "What states have the most homeless kids not living with their families?", "paragraph": "One out of 50 children or 1.5 million children in America will be homeless each year. In 2013 that number jumped to one out of 30 children, or 2.5 million. There were an estimated 57,849 homeless veterans estimated in the United States during January 2013; or 12 percent of all homeless adults. Just under 8 percent of homeless U.S. veterans are female. Texas, California and Florida have the highest numbers of unaccompanied homeless youth under the age of 18; comprising 58% of the total homeless under 18 youth population", "answer": "Texas, California and Florida", "sentence": "Texas, California and Florida have the highest numbers of unaccompanied homeless youth under the age of 18; comprising 58% of the total homeless under 18 youth population", "paragraph_sentence": "One out of 50 children or 1.5 million children in America will be homeless each year. In 2013 that number jumped to one out of 30 children, or 2.5 million. There were an estimated 57,849 homeless veterans estimated in the United States during January 2013; or 12 percent of all homeless adults. Just under 8 percent of homeless U.S. veterans are female. <hl> Texas, California and Florida have the highest numbers of unaccompanied homeless youth under the age of 18; comprising 58% of the total homeless under 18 youth population <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "One out of 50 children or 1.5 million children in America will be homeless each year. In 2013 that number jumped to one out of 30 children, or 2.5 million. There were an estimated 57,849 homeless veterans estimated in the United States during January 2013; or 12 percent of all homeless adults. Just under 8 percent of homeless U.S. veterans are female. <hl> Texas, California and Florida <hl> have the highest numbers of unaccompanied homeless youth under the age of 18; comprising 58% of the total homeless under 18 youth population", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Texas, California and Florida <hl> have the highest numbers of unaccompanied homeless youth under the age of 18; comprising 58% of the total homeless under 18 youth population", "paragraph_id": "5d65d44b2b22cd4dfcfbce4a"}
{"question": "Where are the world's highest volcanoes?", "paragraph": "The Andes are the world's highest mountain range outside of Asia. The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level. The peak of Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is farther from the Earth's center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes, including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "answer": "the Andes", "sentence": "The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes , including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes are the world's highest mountain range outside of Asia. The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level. The peak of Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is farther from the Earth's center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. <hl> The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes , including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes are the world's highest mountain range outside of Asia. The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level. The peak of Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is farther from the Earth's center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes are in <hl> the Andes <hl>, including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "sentence_answer": "The world's highest volcanoes are in <hl> the Andes <hl> , including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "paragraph_id": "5d6596ea2b22cd4dfcfbca38"}
{"question": "What may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives?", "paragraph": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "answer": "derivations in the limited systems", "sentence": "Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives.", "paragraph_sentence": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. <hl> Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. <hl> There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, <hl> derivations in the limited systems <hl> may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "sentence_answer": "Similarly, <hl> derivations in the limited systems <hl> may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a6a32b22cd4dfcfbe3b5"}
{"question": "In 2010, what state has the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation?", "paragraph": "All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "answer": "Connecticut", "sentence": "All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. <hl> All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "paragraph_answer": "All real and personal property located within the state of <hl> Connecticut <hl> is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "sentence_answer": "All real and personal property located within the state of <hl> Connecticut <hl> is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667782b22cd4dfcfbde0c"}
{"question": "Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalised into what?", "paragraph": "Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that carry out different biological functions. The glycerophospholipids are the main structural component of biological membranes, such as the cellular plasma membrane and the intracellular membranes of organelles; in animal cells the plasma membrane physically separates the intracellular components from the extracellular environment.[citation needed] The glycerophospholipids are amphipathic molecules (containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions) that contain a glycerol core linked to two fatty acid-derived \"tails\" by ester linkages and to one \"head\" group by a phosphate ester linkage.[citation needed] While glycerophospholipids are the major component of biological membranes, other non-glyceride lipid components such as sphingomyelin and sterols (mainly cholesterol in animal cell membranes) are also found in biological membranes. In plants and algae, the galactosyldiacylglycerols, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, which lack a phosphate group, are important components of membranes of chloroplasts and related organelles and are the most abundant lipids in photosynthetic tissues, including those of higher plants, algae and certain bacteria.[citation needed]", "answer": "membrane-bound organelles", "sentence": "Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that carry out different biological functions.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles that carry out different biological functions. <hl> The glycerophospholipids are the main structural component of biological membranes, such as the cellular plasma membrane and the intracellular membranes of organelles; in animal cells the plasma membrane physically separates the intracellular components from the extracellular environment.[citation needed] The glycerophospholipids are amphipathic molecules (containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions) that contain a glycerol core linked to two fatty acid-derived \"tails\" by ester linkages and to one \"head\" group by a phosphate ester linkage.[citation needed] While glycerophospholipids are the major component of biological membranes, other non-glyceride lipid components such as sphingomyelin and sterols (mainly cholesterol in animal cell membranes) are also found in biological membranes. In plants and algae, the galactosyldiacylglycerols, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, which lack a phosphate group, are important components of membranes of chloroplasts and related organelles and are the most abundant lipids in photosynthetic tissues, including those of higher plants, algae and certain bacteria.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into <hl> membrane-bound organelles <hl> that carry out different biological functions. The glycerophospholipids are the main structural component of biological membranes, such as the cellular plasma membrane and the intracellular membranes of organelles; in animal cells the plasma membrane physically separates the intracellular components from the extracellular environment.[citation needed] The glycerophospholipids are amphipathic molecules (containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions) that contain a glycerol core linked to two fatty acid-derived \"tails\" by ester linkages and to one \"head\" group by a phosphate ester linkage.[citation needed] While glycerophospholipids are the major component of biological membranes, other non-glyceride lipid components such as sphingomyelin and sterols (mainly cholesterol in animal cell membranes) are also found in biological membranes. In plants and algae, the galactosyldiacylglycerols, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, which lack a phosphate group, are important components of membranes of chloroplasts and related organelles and are the most abundant lipids in photosynthetic tissues, including those of higher plants, algae and certain bacteria.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into <hl> membrane-bound organelles <hl> that carry out different biological functions.", "paragraph_id": "5d674a3e2b22cd4dfcfbf51a"}
{"question": "What is another name for the national teams of six?", "paragraph": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "answer": "The \"Big Six\"", "sentence": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries ( The \"Big Six\" ) predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In international competitions, the national teams of six countries ( The \"Big Six\" ) predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. <hl> Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "paragraph_answer": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (<hl> The \"Big Six\" <hl>) predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "sentence_answer": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries ( <hl> The \"Big Six\" <hl> ) predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d668dcb2b22cd4dfcfbe238"}
{"question": "What was Akademi Militer shortened to?", "paragraph": "In some languages, especially those that use certain alphabets, many acronyms come from the governmental use, particularly in the military and law enforcement services. The Indonesian military (TNI\u2014Tentara Nasional Indonesia) and Indonesian police (POLRI\u2014Kepolisian Republik Indonesia) are infamous for heavy acronyms use. Examples include the Kopassus (Komando Pasukan Khusus; Special Forces Command), Kopaska (Komando Pasukan Katak; Frogmen Command), Kodim (Komando Distrik Militer; Military District Command\u2014one of the Indonesian army's administrative divisions), Serka (Sersan Kepala; Head Sergeant), Akmil (Akademi Militer; Military Academy\u2014in Magelang) and many other terms regarding ranks, units, divisions, procedures, etc.", "answer": "Akmil", "sentence": "Examples include the Kopassus (Komando Pasukan Khusus; Special Forces Command), Kopaska (Komando Pasukan Katak; Frogmen Command), Kodim (Komando Distrik Militer; Military District Command\u2014one of the Indonesian army's administrative divisions), Serka (Sersan Kepala; Head Sergeant), Akmil (Akademi Militer; Military Academy\u2014in Magelang) and many other terms regarding ranks, units, divisions, procedures, etc.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some languages, especially those that use certain alphabets, many acronyms come from the governmental use, particularly in the military and law enforcement services. The Indonesian military (TNI\u2014Tentara Nasional Indonesia) and Indonesian police (POLRI\u2014Kepolisian Republik Indonesia) are infamous for heavy acronyms use. <hl> Examples include the Kopassus (Komando Pasukan Khusus; Special Forces Command), Kopaska (Komando Pasukan Katak; Frogmen Command), Kodim (Komando Distrik Militer; Military District Command\u2014one of the Indonesian army's administrative divisions), Serka (Sersan Kepala; Head Sergeant), Akmil (Akademi Militer; Military Academy\u2014in Magelang) and many other terms regarding ranks, units, divisions, procedures, etc. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In some languages, especially those that use certain alphabets, many acronyms come from the governmental use, particularly in the military and law enforcement services. The Indonesian military (TNI\u2014Tentara Nasional Indonesia) and Indonesian police (POLRI\u2014Kepolisian Republik Indonesia) are infamous for heavy acronyms use. Examples include the Kopassus (Komando Pasukan Khusus; Special Forces Command), Kopaska (Komando Pasukan Katak; Frogmen Command), Kodim (Komando Distrik Militer; Military District Command\u2014one of the Indonesian army's administrative divisions), Serka (Sersan Kepala; Head Sergeant), <hl> Akmil <hl> (Akademi Militer; Military Academy\u2014in Magelang) and many other terms regarding ranks, units, divisions, procedures, etc.", "sentence_answer": "Examples include the Kopassus (Komando Pasukan Khusus; Special Forces Command), Kopaska (Komando Pasukan Katak; Frogmen Command), Kodim (Komando Distrik Militer; Military District Command\u2014one of the Indonesian army's administrative divisions), Serka (Sersan Kepala; Head Sergeant), <hl> Akmil <hl> (Akademi Militer; Military Academy\u2014in Magelang) and many other terms regarding ranks, units, divisions, procedures, etc.", "paragraph_id": "5d657e052b22cd4dfcfbc9ad"}
{"question": "What do the numbers in an ordered pair mean?", "paragraph": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "answer": "signed distances from the origin", "sentence": "The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin .", "paragraph_sentence": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). <hl> The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as <hl> signed distances from the origin <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as <hl> signed distances from the origin <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660c702b22cd4dfcfbd6f7"}
{"question": "What polarized the state?", "paragraph": "The state was known for its political conservatism, typified by its Federalist party and the Yale College of Timothy Dwight. The foremost intellectuals were Dwight and Noah Webster, who compiled his great dictionary in New Haven. Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "answer": "Religious tensions", "sentence": "Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state was known for its political conservatism, typified by its Federalist party and the Yale College of Timothy Dwight. The foremost intellectuals were Dwight and Noah Webster, who compiled his great dictionary in New Haven. <hl> Religious tensions polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. <hl> The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "paragraph_answer": "The state was known for its political conservatism, typified by its Federalist party and the Yale College of Timothy Dwight. The foremost intellectuals were Dwight and Noah Webster, who compiled his great dictionary in New Haven. <hl> Religious tensions <hl> polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power. The failure of the Hartford Convention in 1814 hurt the Federalist cause, with the Republican Party gaining control in 1817.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Religious tensions <hl> polarized the state, as the established Congregational Church, in alliance with the Federalists, tried to maintain its grip on power.", "paragraph_id": "5d6625c22b22cd4dfcfbda14"}
{"question": "One adopts the name of one of their parents where?", "paragraph": "In Ethiopia and Eritrea, a child adopts the given name of one of their parents, usually the father, as a pseudo-surname. For example, Abraham Mesfin's father's first name would have been Mesfin, while Abraham Mesfin's child might be called \"Nestanet Abraham.\" Just as in Iceland, referring to Abraham Mesfin as \"Mr Mesfin\" would be erroneous: the correct term would be \"Mr Abraham.\" Very rarely do children adopt their mother's given name, who in any case would retain their \"pseudo-surname.\"", "answer": "Ethiopia and Eritrea", "sentence": "In Ethiopia and Eritrea , a child adopts the given name of one of their parents, usually the father, as a pseudo-surname.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Ethiopia and Eritrea , a child adopts the given name of one of their parents, usually the father, as a pseudo-surname. <hl> For example, Abraham Mesfin's father's first name would have been Mesfin, while Abraham Mesfin's child might be called \"Nestanet Abraham.\" Just as in Iceland, referring to Abraham Mesfin as \"Mr Mesfin\" would be erroneous: the correct term would be \"Mr Abraham.\" Very rarely do children adopt their mother's given name, who in any case would retain their \"pseudo-surname.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> Ethiopia and Eritrea <hl>, a child adopts the given name of one of their parents, usually the father, as a pseudo-surname. For example, Abraham Mesfin's father's first name would have been Mesfin, while Abraham Mesfin's child might be called \"Nestanet Abraham.\" Just as in Iceland, referring to Abraham Mesfin as \"Mr Mesfin\" would be erroneous: the correct term would be \"Mr Abraham.\" Very rarely do children adopt their mother's given name, who in any case would retain their \"pseudo-surname.\"", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> Ethiopia and Eritrea <hl> , a child adopts the given name of one of their parents, usually the father, as a pseudo-surname.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b5c2b22cd4dfcfbf352"}
{"question": "What conditions must be met for an ECG screening?", "paragraph": "Screening ECGs (either at rest or with exercise) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. This includes those who are young without risk factors. In those at higher risk the evidence for screening with ECGs is inconclusive.", "answer": "either at rest or with exercise", "sentence": "Screening ECGs ( either at rest or with exercise ) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Screening ECGs ( either at rest or with exercise ) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. <hl> This includes those who are young without risk factors. In those at higher risk the evidence for screening with ECGs is inconclusive.", "paragraph_answer": "Screening ECGs (<hl> either at rest or with exercise <hl>) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk. This includes those who are young without risk factors. In those at higher risk the evidence for screening with ECGs is inconclusive.", "sentence_answer": "Screening ECGs ( <hl> either at rest or with exercise <hl> ) are not recommended in those without symptoms who are at low risk.", "paragraph_id": "5d6611542b22cd4dfcfbd793"}
{"question": "What are two subsequent genres of Drum and bass?", "paragraph": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "answer": "grime and dubstep", "sentence": "To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "paragraph_sentence": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. <hl> To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as grime and dubstep and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The popularity of drum and bass at its commercial peak ran parallel to several other homegrown dance styles in the UK including big beat and hard house. But towards the turn of the millennium its popularity was deemed to have dwindled as the UK garage style known as speed garage yielded several hit singles. Speed garage shared high tempos and heavy basslines with drum and bass, but otherwise followed the established conventions of \"house music\", with this and its freshness giving it an advantage commercially. London DJ/producer C.K. says, \"It is often forgotten by my students that a type of music called \"garage house\" existed in the late 1980s alongside hip house, acid house and other forms of house music.\" He continues, \"This new garage of the mid 90s was not a form of house or a progression of garage house. The beats and tempo that define house are entirely different. This did cause further confusion in the presence of new house music of the mid-1990s being played alongside what was now being called garage.\" Despite this, the emergence of further subgenres and related styles such as liquid funk brought a wave of new artists incorporating new ideas and techniques, supporting continual evolution of the genre. To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as <hl> grime and dubstep <hl> and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "sentence_answer": "To this day drum and bass makes frequent appearances in mainstream media and popular culture including in television, as well as being a major reference point for subsequent genres such as <hl> grime and dubstep <hl> and successful artists including Chase & Status and Australia's Pendulum.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a84f2b22cd4dfcfbe3c9"}
{"question": "What determines the z axis' pointing down and to the left or down and to the right?", "paragraph": "For three-dimensional systems, a convention is to portray the xy-plane horizontally, with the z axis added to represent height (positive up). Furthermore, there is a convention to orient the x-axis toward the viewer, biased either to the right or left.  If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera. In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective. In any diagram or display, the orientation of the three axes, as a whole, is arbitrary. However, the orientation of the axes relative to each other should always comply with the right-hand rule, unless specifically stated otherwise. All laws of physics and math assume this right-handedness, which ensures consistency.", "answer": "the presumed viewer or camera perspective", "sentence": "In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective .", "paragraph_sentence": "For three-dimensional systems, a convention is to portray the xy-plane horizontally, with the z axis added to represent height (positive up). Furthermore, there is a convention to orient the x-axis toward the viewer, biased either to the right or left. If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera. <hl> In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective . <hl> In any diagram or display, the orientation of the three axes, as a whole, is arbitrary. However, the orientation of the axes relative to each other should always comply with the right-hand rule, unless specifically stated otherwise. All laws of physics and math assume this right-handedness, which ensures consistency.", "paragraph_answer": "For three-dimensional systems, a convention is to portray the xy-plane horizontally, with the z axis added to represent height (positive up). Furthermore, there is a convention to orient the x-axis toward the viewer, biased either to the right or left. If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera. In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on <hl> the presumed viewer or camera perspective <hl>. In any diagram or display, the orientation of the three axes, as a whole, is arbitrary. However, the orientation of the axes relative to each other should always comply with the right-hand rule, unless specifically stated otherwise. All laws of physics and math assume this right-handedness, which ensures consistency.", "sentence_answer": "In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on <hl> the presumed viewer or camera perspective <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661fea2b22cd4dfcfbd978"}
{"question": "What event followed the Summit Series?", "paragraph": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "answer": "In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments,", "sentence": "In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. <hl> In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. <hl> Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "paragraph_answer": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. <hl> In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, <hl> played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, <hl> played in North America.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3fa2b22cd4dfcfbd141"}
{"question": "How many brands is the tin traded under?", "paragraph": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes.\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "answer": "17 brands", "sentence": "\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands .", "paragraph_sentence": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. <hl> Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under <hl> 17 brands <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under <hl> 17 brands <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d677e172b22cd4dfcfbfd66"}
{"question": "What ordinance was used to allow new states to enter the Union?", "paragraph": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "answer": "Northwest Ordinance", "sentence": "Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "paragraph_sentence": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. <hl> Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the Northwest Ordinance was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "From January 11, 1785, to the fall of 1788, New York City was the fifth of five capitals of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, with the Continental Congress meeting at New York City Hall (then at Fraunces Tavern). New York was the first capital under the newly enacted Constitution of the United States, from March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at Federal Hall. Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the <hl> Northwest Ordinance <hl> was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "sentence_answer": "Federal Hall was also the site of where the United States Supreme Court met for the first time, the United States Bill of Rights were drafted and ratified, and where the <hl> Northwest Ordinance <hl> was adopted, establishing measures for adding new states to the Union.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702602b22cd4dfcfbea32"}
{"question": "What is the process of ice crystals growing in size at the expense of the surrounding water droplets called?", "paragraph": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets.  This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process.  The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense.  These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates.  These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground.  Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "answer": "Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process", "sentence": " This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process .", "paragraph_sentence": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. <hl> This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process . <hl> The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "paragraph_answer": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. This process is known as the <hl> Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process <hl>. The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "sentence_answer": " This process is known as the <hl> Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6762b22b22cd4dfcfbf96c"}
{"question": "What is the section in a song where a switch of rhythm occurs and sometimes follows a build section and/or breakdown?", "paragraph": "Many mixing points begin or end with the \"drop\". The drop is the point in a track where a switch of rhythm or bassline occurs and usually follows a recognizable build section and \"breakdown\". Sometimes the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, though as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point, though some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats, a more difficult exercise. Some drops are so popular that the DJ will \"rewind\" or \"reload\" or \"lift up\" by spinning the record back and restarting it at the build. \"The drop\" is often a key point from the point of view of the dance floor, since the drumbreaks often fade out to leave an ambient intro playing. When the beats re-commence they are often more complex and accompanied by a heavier bassline, encouraging the crowd to dance.", "answer": "drop", "sentence": "Many mixing points begin or end with the \" drop \".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many mixing points begin or end with the \" drop \". <hl> The drop is the point in a track where a switch of rhythm or bassline occurs and usually follows a recognizable build section and \"breakdown\". Sometimes the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, though as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point, though some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats, a more difficult exercise. Some drops are so popular that the DJ will \"rewind\" or \"reload\" or \"lift up\" by spinning the record back and restarting it at the build. \"The drop\" is often a key point from the point of view of the dance floor, since the drumbreaks often fade out to leave an ambient intro playing. When the beats re-commence they are often more complex and accompanied by a heavier bassline, encouraging the crowd to dance.", "paragraph_answer": "Many mixing points begin or end with the \"<hl> drop <hl>\". The drop is the point in a track where a switch of rhythm or bassline occurs and usually follows a recognizable build section and \"breakdown\". Sometimes the drop is used to switch between tracks, layering components of different tracks, though as the two records may be simply ambient breakdowns at this point, though some DJs prefer to combine breakbeats, a more difficult exercise. Some drops are so popular that the DJ will \"rewind\" or \"reload\" or \"lift up\" by spinning the record back and restarting it at the build. \"The drop\" is often a key point from the point of view of the dance floor, since the drumbreaks often fade out to leave an ambient intro playing. When the beats re-commence they are often more complex and accompanied by a heavier bassline, encouraging the crowd to dance.", "sentence_answer": "Many mixing points begin or end with the \" <hl> drop <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d65ffc52b22cd4dfcfbd548"}
{"question": "How can a decentralized model negatively affect national policy?", "paragraph": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "answer": "too complex", "sentence": "Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex ; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority.", "paragraph_sentence": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. <hl> Decentralization can make national policy coordination too complex ; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. <hl> Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "paragraph_answer": "Factors hindering decentralization include weak local administrative or technical capacity, which may result in inefficient or ineffective services; inadequate financial resources available to perform new local responsibilities, especially in the start-up phase when they are most needed; or inequitable distribution of resources. Decentralization can make national policy coordination <hl> too complex <hl>; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority. Additionally, decentralization may not be as efficient for standardized, routine, network-based services, as opposed to those that need more complicated inputs. If there is a loss of economies of scale in procurement of labor or resources, the expense of decentralization can rise, even as central governments lose control over financial resources.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization can make national policy coordination <hl> too complex <hl> ; it may allow local elites to capture functions; local cooperation maybe undermined by any distrust between private and public sectors; decentralization may result in higher enforcement costs and conflict for resources if there is no higher level of authority.", "paragraph_id": "5d65df242b22cd4dfcfbd047"}
{"question": "the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial showed no links between dietary fat intake and what?", "paragraph": "A few studies have suggested that total dietary fat intake is linked to an increased risk of obesity and diabetes. However, a number of very large studies, including the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial, an eight-year study of 49,000 women, the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, revealed no such links. None of these studies suggested any connection between percentage of calories from fat and risk of cancer, heart disease, or weight gain. The Nutrition Source, a website maintained by the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard School of Public Health, summarizes the current evidence on the impact of dietary fat: \"Detailed research\u2014much of it done at Harvard\u2014shows that the total amount of fat in the diet isn't really linked with weight or disease.\"", "answer": "increased risk of obesity and diabetes", "sentence": "A few studies have suggested that total dietary fat intake is linked to an increased risk of obesity and diabetes .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A few studies have suggested that total dietary fat intake is linked to an increased risk of obesity and diabetes . <hl> However, a number of very large studies, including the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial, an eight-year study of 49,000 women, the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, revealed no such links. None of these studies suggested any connection between percentage of calories from fat and risk of cancer, heart disease, or weight gain. The Nutrition Source, a website maintained by the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard School of Public Health, summarizes the current evidence on the impact of dietary fat: \"Detailed research\u2014much of it done at Harvard\u2014shows that the total amount of fat in the diet isn't really linked with weight or disease.\"", "paragraph_answer": "A few studies have suggested that total dietary fat intake is linked to an <hl> increased risk of obesity and diabetes <hl>. However, a number of very large studies, including the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial, an eight-year study of 49,000 women, the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, revealed no such links. None of these studies suggested any connection between percentage of calories from fat and risk of cancer, heart disease, or weight gain. The Nutrition Source, a website maintained by the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard School of Public Health, summarizes the current evidence on the impact of dietary fat: \"Detailed research\u2014much of it done at Harvard\u2014shows that the total amount of fat in the diet isn't really linked with weight or disease.\"", "sentence_answer": "A few studies have suggested that total dietary fat intake is linked to an <hl> increased risk of obesity and diabetes <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6806d82b22cd4dfcfc051d"}
{"question": "What rank was given to the Rotterdam School of Management in 2009?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR), named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. The Woudestein campus houses (among others) Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe. In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management. The university is also home to Europe's largest student association, STAR Study Association Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the world's largest student association, AIESEC, has its international office in the city.", "answer": "first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management", "sentence": "In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management .", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR), named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. The Woudestein campus houses (among others) Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe. <hl> In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management . <hl> The university is also home to Europe's largest student association, STAR Study Association Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the world's largest student association, AIESEC, has its international office in the city.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR), named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. The Woudestein campus houses (among others) Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe. In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached <hl> first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management <hl>. The university is also home to Europe's largest student association, STAR Study Association Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the world's largest student association, AIESEC, has its international office in the city.", "sentence_answer": "In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached <hl> first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b86e2b22cd4dfcfc004b"}
{"question": "Who is the spokes person for Coalition for the Homless.", "paragraph": "According to the NYC Department of Homeless Services, 64 percent of those applying for emergency shelter in 2010 were denied. Several were denied because they were said to have family who could house them when in actuality this might not have been the case. Applicants may have faced overcrowding, unsafe conditions, or may have had relatives unwilling to house them. According to Mary Brosnaham, spokeswoman for Coalition for the Homeless, the administration of Mayor Michael Bloomberg employs a deliberate policy of \"active deterrence\".", "answer": "Mary Brosnaham,", "sentence": "According to Mary Brosnaham, spokeswoman for Coalition for the Homeless, the administration of Mayor Michael Bloomberg employs a deliberate policy of \"active deterrence\".", "paragraph_sentence": "According to the NYC Department of Homeless Services, 64 percent of those applying for emergency shelter in 2010 were denied. Several were denied because they were said to have family who could house them when in actuality this might not have been the case. Applicants may have faced overcrowding, unsafe conditions, or may have had relatives unwilling to house them. <hl> According to Mary Brosnaham, spokeswoman for Coalition for the Homeless, the administration of Mayor Michael Bloomberg employs a deliberate policy of \"active deterrence\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "According to the NYC Department of Homeless Services, 64 percent of those applying for emergency shelter in 2010 were denied. Several were denied because they were said to have family who could house them when in actuality this might not have been the case. Applicants may have faced overcrowding, unsafe conditions, or may have had relatives unwilling to house them. According to <hl> Mary Brosnaham, <hl> spokeswoman for Coalition for the Homeless, the administration of Mayor Michael Bloomberg employs a deliberate policy of \"active deterrence\".", "sentence_answer": "According to <hl> Mary Brosnaham, <hl> spokeswoman for Coalition for the Homeless, the administration of Mayor Michael Bloomberg employs a deliberate policy of \"active deterrence\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1092b22cd4dfcfbd0a1"}
{"question": "What is the interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol?", "paragraph": "The interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol is a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse. This means that, given an interpretation, a predicate symbol, and n elements of the domain of discourse, one can tell whether the predicate is true of those elements according to the given interpretation. For example, an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P may be the set of pairs of integers such that the first one is less than the second. According to this interpretation, the predicate P would be true if its first argument is less than the second.", "answer": "a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse", "sentence": "The interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol is a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol is a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse . <hl> This means that, given an interpretation, a predicate symbol, and n elements of the domain of discourse, one can tell whether the predicate is true of those elements according to the given interpretation. For example, an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P may be the set of pairs of integers such that the first one is less than the second. According to this interpretation, the predicate P would be true if its first argument is less than the second.", "paragraph_answer": "The interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol is <hl> a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse <hl>. This means that, given an interpretation, a predicate symbol, and n elements of the domain of discourse, one can tell whether the predicate is true of those elements according to the given interpretation. For example, an interpretation I(P) of a binary predicate symbol P may be the set of pairs of integers such that the first one is less than the second. According to this interpretation, the predicate P would be true if its first argument is less than the second.", "sentence_answer": "The interpretation of an n-ary predicate symbol is <hl> a set of n-tuples of elements of the domain of discourse <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6643412b22cd4dfcfbdba4"}
{"question": "What did the board of trustees for Mount Holyoke College decide in 1971?", "paragraph": "The remaining Seven Sisters decided against coeducation. Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation. On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college, and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\" Smith College also made a similar decision in 1971.", "answer": "Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college", "sentence": "On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college , and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The remaining Seven Sisters decided against coeducation. Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation. <hl> On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college , and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\" <hl> Smith College also made a similar decision in 1971.", "paragraph_answer": "The remaining Seven Sisters decided against coeducation. Mount Holyoke College engaged in a lengthy debate under the presidency of David Truman over the issue of coeducation. On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that <hl> Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college <hl>, and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\" Smith College also made a similar decision in 1971.", "sentence_answer": "On November 6, 1971, \"after reviewing an exhaustive study on coeducation, the board of trustees decided unanimously that <hl> Mount Holyoke should remain a women's college <hl> , and a group of faculty was charged with recommending curricular changes that would support the decision.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d677a752b22cd4dfcfbfcef"}
{"question": "What was the fault of the Petionvile school collapse?", "paragraph": "The history of structural engineering contains many collapses and failures.  Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. The final collapse killed 94 people, mostly children.", "answer": "obvious negligence", "sentence": " Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence , as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing.", "paragraph_sentence": "The history of structural engineering contains many collapses and failures. <hl> Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence , as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. <hl> The final collapse killed 94 people, mostly children.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of structural engineering contains many collapses and failures. Sometimes this is due to <hl> obvious negligence <hl>, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. The final collapse killed 94 people, mostly children.", "sentence_answer": " Sometimes this is due to <hl> obvious negligence <hl> , as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754972b22cd4dfcfbf729"}
{"question": "After what point does the risk of stroke increase by a factor of two every decade?", "paragraph": "Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life.  Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence. It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55.", "answer": "age 55", "sentence": "At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life. Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence. It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. <hl> At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life. Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence. It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after <hl> age 55 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after <hl> age 55 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ccc62b22cd4dfcfbcd8a"}
{"question": "Are liberals supportive of unions?", "paragraph": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "answer": "Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies.", "sentence": "Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive.", "paragraph_sentence": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. <hl> Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. <hl> During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "paragraph_answer": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. <hl> Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. <hl> Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. <hl> Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fb232b22cd4dfcfbe8d6"}
{"question": "Where was western boundary of Connecticut marked?", "paragraph": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "answer": "Greenwich Bay", "sentence": "According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km).", "paragraph_sentence": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. <hl> According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). <hl> \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_answer": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from <hl> Greenwich Bay <hl> for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "sentence_answer": "According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from <hl> Greenwich Bay <hl> for a distance of 20 miles (32 km).", "paragraph_id": "5d6783222b22cd4dfcfbfdd2"}
{"question": "What does Kanal D feature?", "paragraph": "TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in 1999. The Istanbul-based business and entertainment channel CNBC-e began broadcasting in 2000.", "answer": "a mix of news and series", "sentence": "Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series ; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish.", "paragraph_sentence": "TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. <hl> Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series ; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. <hl> The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in 1999. The Istanbul-based business and entertainment channel CNBC-e began broadcasting in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer <hl> a mix of news and series <hl>; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in 1999. The Istanbul-based business and entertainment channel CNBC-e began broadcasting in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer <hl> a mix of news and series <hl> ; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609422b22cd4dfcfbd674"}
{"question": "Who did Yugoslavia receive assistance from during the liberation of Serbia?", "paragraph": "SFR Yugoslavia was one of only two European countries that were largely liberated by its own forces during World War II. It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944. At the end of the war no foreign troops were stationed on its soil. Partly as a result, the country found itself halfway between the two camps at the onset of the Cold War.", "answer": "the Soviet Union", "sentence": "It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944.", "paragraph_sentence": "SFR Yugoslavia was one of only two European countries that were largely liberated by its own forces during World War II. <hl> It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944. <hl> At the end of the war no foreign troops were stationed on its soil. Partly as a result, the country found itself halfway between the two camps at the onset of the Cold War.", "paragraph_answer": "SFR Yugoslavia was one of only two European countries that were largely liberated by its own forces during World War II. It received significant assistance from <hl> the Soviet Union <hl> during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944. At the end of the war no foreign troops were stationed on its soil. Partly as a result, the country found itself halfway between the two camps at the onset of the Cold War.", "sentence_answer": "It received significant assistance from <hl> the Soviet Union <hl> during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7d62b22cd4dfcfc01fd"}
{"question": "What is the new rule system implemented by US amateur hockey called?", "paragraph": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace. Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"zero tolerance\").", "answer": "zero tolerance", "sentence": "The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\" zero tolerance \").", "paragraph_sentence": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace. Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. <hl> The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\" zero tolerance \"). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The NHL has taken steps to speed up the game of hockey and create a game of finesse, by retreating from the past where illegal hits, fights, and \"clutching and grabbing\" among players were commonplace. Rules are now more strictly enforced, resulting in more penalties, which in turn provides more protection to the players and facilitates more goals being scored. The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\"<hl> zero tolerance <hl>\").", "sentence_answer": "The governing body for United States amateur hockey has implemented many new rules to reduce the number of stick-on-body occurrences, as well as other detrimental and illegal facets of the game (\" <hl> zero tolerance <hl> \").", "paragraph_id": "5d675a322b22cd4dfcfbf801"}
{"question": "are there musical instruments used during the service?", "paragraph": "Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. For example, Armenian bishops wear mitres almost identical to those of Western bishops. They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). The liturgical music is Armenian chant. Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant.", "answer": "Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant", "sentence": "Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant .", "paragraph_sentence": "Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. For example, Armenian bishops wear mitres almost identical to those of Western bishops. They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). The liturgical music is Armenian chant. <hl> Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. For example, Armenian bishops wear mitres almost identical to those of Western bishops. They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). The liturgical music is Armenian chant. <hl> Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6574e12b22cd4dfcfbc908"}
{"question": "What has increased the speed of the counting of the votes?", "paragraph": "Some states may have over 80 candidates on their ballot papers, and voters must individually number every single candidate for a \"below the line\" vote to count.  As a result, the \"above the line\" system was implemented. About 98% of electors vote \"above the line\".\n\nAbove the line votes are interpreted as if the elector had filled in all the squares below the line, according to a registered ticket(s).  There may be up to three registered tickets for each party.  Above the line voting greatly speeds up counting which is now done by computer.", "answer": "Above the line voting", "sentence": " Above the line voting greatly speeds up counting which is now done by computer.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some states may have over 80 candidates on their ballot papers, and voters must individually number every single candidate for a \"below the line\" vote to count. As a result, the \"above the line\" system was implemented. About 98% of electors vote \"above the line\". Above the line votes are interpreted as if the elector had filled in all the squares below the line, according to a registered ticket(s). There may be up to three registered tickets for each party. <hl> Above the line voting greatly speeds up counting which is now done by computer. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some states may have over 80 candidates on their ballot papers, and voters must individually number every single candidate for a \"below the line\" vote to count. As a result, the \"above the line\" system was implemented. About 98% of electors vote \"above the line\". Above the line votes are interpreted as if the elector had filled in all the squares below the line, according to a registered ticket(s). There may be up to three registered tickets for each party. <hl> Above the line voting <hl> greatly speeds up counting which is now done by computer.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Above the line voting <hl> greatly speeds up counting which is now done by computer.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d6ab2b22cd4dfcfbce98"}
{"question": "In what years did states begin to legalize same sex marriage?", "paragraph": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "answer": "2010s", "sentence": "As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy.", "paragraph_sentence": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. <hl> As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. <hl> Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_answer": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the <hl> 2010s <hl>, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "sentence_answer": "As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the <hl> 2010s <hl> , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy.", "paragraph_id": "5d674cd32b22cd4dfcfbf59a"}
{"question": "Which Win XP edition was designed for mobile devices users?", "paragraph": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "answer": "\"Tablet PC\" edition", "sentence": "Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications).", "paragraph_sentence": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. <hl> Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). <hl> Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the <hl> \"Tablet PC\" edition <hl> (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "sentence_answer": "Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the <hl> \"Tablet PC\" edition <hl> (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications).", "paragraph_id": "5d66edda2b22cd4dfcfbe58e"}
{"question": "How are the legislators called to a vote?", "paragraph": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "answer": "bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes", "sentence": "When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes , during which time senators must go to the chamber.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> When a division is to be held, bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes , during which time senators must go to the chamber. <hl> At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "paragraph_answer": "When a division is to be held, <hl> bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes <hl>, during which time senators must go to the chamber. At the end of that period the doors are locked and a vote is taken, by identifying and counting senators according to the side of the chamber on which they sit (ayes to the right of the chair, noes to the left). The whole procedure takes around eight minutes. Senators with commitments that keep them from the chamber may make arrangements in advance to be 'paired' with a senator of the opposite political party, so that their absence does not affect the outcome of the vote.", "sentence_answer": "When a division is to be held, <hl> bells ring throughout the parliament building for four minutes <hl> , during which time senators must go to the chamber.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3f42b22cd4dfcfbd136"}
{"question": "When was Istanbul linked up to Europe via railroad?", "paragraph": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s. Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Istanbul over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire.", "answer": "the 1880s", "sentence": "Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s .", "paragraph_sentence": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. <hl> Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s . <hl> Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Istanbul over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in <hl> the 1880s <hl>. Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Istanbul over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire.", "sentence_answer": "Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in <hl> the 1880s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e4872b22cd4dfcfbd16b"}
{"question": "what is an a important element of tin?", "paragraph": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "answer": "Cassiterite (SnO2)", "sentence": "Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. <hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. <hl> Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin does not occur as the native element but must be extracted from various ores. <hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) <hl> is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite. Minerals with tin are almost always associated with granite rock, usually at a level of 1% tin oxide content.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cassiterite (SnO2) <hl> is the only commercially important source of tin, although small quantities of tin are recovered from complex sulfides such as stannite, cylindrite, franckeite, canfieldite, and teallite.", "paragraph_id": "5d67eefe2b22cd4dfcfc0434"}
{"question": "What is not true of vernacular Latin?", "paragraph": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "answer": "the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically", "sentence": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically . <hl> On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "paragraph_answer": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that <hl> the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically <hl>. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "sentence_answer": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that <hl> the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6642e42b22cd4dfcfbdb9a"}
{"question": "Facets of governance such as structures, procedures and practices are redefined through what?", "paragraph": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "answer": "The processes of decentralization", "sentence": "The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The processes of decentralization redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. <hl> According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The processes of decentralization <hl> redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government. According to the United Nations Development Programme, it is \"more than a process, it is a way of life and a state of mind.\" The report provides a chart-formatted framework for defining the application of the concept \u2018decentralization\u2019 describing and elaborating on the \"who, what, when, where, why and how\" factors in any process of decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The processes of decentralization <hl> redefines structures, procedures and practices of governance to be closer to the citizenry and to make them more aware of the costs and benefits; it is not merely a movement of power from the central to the local government.", "paragraph_id": "5d660d132b22cd4dfcfbd728"}
{"question": "Why is protective equipment mandatory and necessary?", "paragraph": "Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence. Protective equipment is mandatory and is enforced in all competitive situations. This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector.", "answer": "ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence", "sentence": "Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Since ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence . <hl> Protective equipment is mandatory and is enforced in all competitive situations. This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector.", "paragraph_answer": "Since <hl> ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence <hl>. Protective equipment is mandatory and is enforced in all competitive situations. This includes a helmet (cage worn if certain age or clear plastic visor can be worn), shoulder pads, elbow pads, mouth guard, protective gloves, heavily padded shorts (also known as hockey pants) or a girdle, athletic cup (also known as a jock, for males; and jill, for females), shin pads, skates, and (optionally) a neck protector.", "sentence_answer": "Since <hl> ice hockey is a full contact sport in men's hockey, body checks are allowed so injuries are a common occurrence <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675d2f2b22cd4dfcfbf8a0"}
{"question": "What does the abbreviation QPF stand for?", "paragraph": "The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area.  A QPF will be specified when a measurable precipitation type reaching a minimum threshold is forecast for any hour during a QPF valid period.  Precipitation forecasts tend to be bound by synoptic hours such as 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT.  Terrain is considered in QPFs by use of topography or based upon climatological precipitation patterns from observations with fine detail. Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. Forecast models show significant sensitivity to humidity levels within the planetary boundary layer, or in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, which decreases with height.  QPF can be generated on a quantitative, forecasting amounts, or a qualitative, forecasting the probability of a specific amount, basis.  Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image.  The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates, or a combination of both.  Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast.", "answer": "The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast", "sentence": "The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area. <hl> A QPF will be specified when a measurable precipitation type reaching a minimum threshold is forecast for any hour during a QPF valid period. Precipitation forecasts tend to be bound by synoptic hours such as 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT. Terrain is considered in QPFs by use of topography or based upon climatological precipitation patterns from observations with fine detail. Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. Forecast models show significant sensitivity to humidity levels within the planetary boundary layer, or in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, which decreases with height. QPF can be generated on a quantitative, forecasting amounts, or a qualitative, forecasting the probability of a specific amount, basis. Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image. The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates, or a combination of both. Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast <hl> (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area. A QPF will be specified when a measurable precipitation type reaching a minimum threshold is forecast for any hour during a QPF valid period. Precipitation forecasts tend to be bound by synoptic hours such as 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT. Terrain is considered in QPFs by use of topography or based upon climatological precipitation patterns from observations with fine detail. Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. Forecast models show significant sensitivity to humidity levels within the planetary boundary layer, or in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, which decreases with height. QPF can be generated on a quantitative, forecasting amounts, or a qualitative, forecasting the probability of a specific amount, basis. Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image. The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates, or a combination of both. Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast <hl> (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area.", "paragraph_id": "5d671d072b22cd4dfcfbefb0"}
{"question": "What is there a risk of when taking Aspirin?", "paragraph": "Aspirin has been found to be of only modest benefit in those at low risk of heart disease as the risk of serious bleeding is almost equal to the benefit with respect to cardiovascular problems. In those at really low risk it is not recommended.", "answer": "the risk of serious bleeding", "sentence": "Aspirin has been found to be of only modest benefit in those at low risk of heart disease as the risk of serious bleeding is almost equal to the benefit with respect to cardiovascular problems.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Aspirin has been found to be of only modest benefit in those at low risk of heart disease as the risk of serious bleeding is almost equal to the benefit with respect to cardiovascular problems. <hl> In those at really low risk it is not recommended.", "paragraph_answer": "Aspirin has been found to be of only modest benefit in those at low risk of heart disease as <hl> the risk of serious bleeding <hl> is almost equal to the benefit with respect to cardiovascular problems. In those at really low risk it is not recommended.", "sentence_answer": "Aspirin has been found to be of only modest benefit in those at low risk of heart disease as <hl> the risk of serious bleeding <hl> is almost equal to the benefit with respect to cardiovascular problems.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3ca2b22cd4dfcfbcc25"}
{"question": "What rank was given to the Rotterdam School of Management in 2005?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR), named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. The Woudestein campus houses (among others) Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe. In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management. The university is also home to Europe's largest student association, STAR Study Association Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the world's largest student association, AIESEC, has its international office in the city.", "answer": "29th globally and 7th in Europe", "sentence": "In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe .", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR), named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. The Woudestein campus houses (among others) Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. <hl> In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe . <hl> In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management. The university is also home to Europe's largest student association, STAR Study Association Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the world's largest student association, AIESEC, has its international office in the city.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR), named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. The Woudestein campus houses (among others) Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed <hl> 29th globally and 7th in Europe <hl>. In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management. The university is also home to Europe's largest student association, STAR Study Association Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the world's largest student association, AIESEC, has its international office in the city.", "sentence_answer": "In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed <hl> 29th globally and 7th in Europe <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b86e2b22cd4dfcfc004a"}
{"question": "Is there are clear time frame for the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed", "sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl>. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed9a"}
{"question": "When the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and cluster together what do they form?", "paragraph": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "answer": "a vesicle", "sentence": "In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle ; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers.", "paragraph_sentence": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. <hl> In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle ; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. <hl> Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "paragraph_answer": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming <hl> a vesicle <hl>; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "sentence_answer": "In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming <hl> a vesicle <hl> ; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers.", "paragraph_id": "5d67473d2b22cd4dfcfbf4d4"}
{"question": "Where does Drum and bass is most listened to ?", "paragraph": "Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore, ragga jungle, hardstep, darkstep, techstep, Neurofunk, ambient drum and bass, liquid funk, deep, drumfunk, funkstep, sambass dnbnoise and drill 'n' bass. From its roots in the UK, the style has established itself around the world. Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "answer": "Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK,", "sentence": "Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "paragraph_sentence": "Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore, ragga jungle, hardstep, darkstep, techstep, Neurofunk, ambient drum and bass, liquid funk, deep, drumfunk, funkstep, sambass dnbnoise and drill 'n' bass. From its roots in the UK, the style has established itself around the world. Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. <hl> Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Drum and bass subgenres include breakcore, ragga jungle, hardstep, darkstep, techstep, Neurofunk, ambient drum and bass, liquid funk, deep, drumfunk, funkstep, sambass dnbnoise and drill 'n' bass. From its roots in the UK, the style has established itself around the world. Drum and bass has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop. Drum and bass is dominated by a small group of record labels. The major international music labels have shown very little interest in the drum and bass scene. <hl> Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, <hl> but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Drum and Bass remains most popular in the UK, <hl> but has developed scenes all around the world, in countries such as the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, Canada and Australia.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a32c2b22cd4dfcfbe387"}
{"question": "Who voted for Bush more in 2004: weekly church-goers, occasional church-goers, or people that never attended church?", "paragraph": "Religion has always played a major role for both parties but, in the course of a century, the parties' religious compositions have changed. Religion was a major dividing line between the parties before 1960, with Catholics, Jews, and Southern Protestants heavily Democratic, and Northeastern Protestants heavily Republican. Most of the old differences faded away after the realignment of the 1970s and 80s that undercut the New Deal coalition. Voters who attend church weekly gave 61% of their votes to Bush in 2004; those who attend occasionally gave him only 47%, while those who never attend gave him 36%. Fifty-nine percent of Protestants voted for Bush, along with 52% of Catholics (even though John Kerry was Catholic). Since 1980, large majorities of evangelicals have voted Republican; 70\u201380% voted for Bush in 2000 and 2004, and 70% for Republican House candidates in 2006. Jews continue to vote 70\u201380% Democratic. Democrats have close links with the African American churches, especially the National Baptists, while their historic dominance among Catholic voters has eroded to 54\u201346 in the 2010 midterms. The main line traditional Protestants (Methodists, Lutherans, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Disciples) have dropped to about 55% Republican (in contrast to 75% before 1968). The mainline denominations are rapidly shrinking in size. Mormons in Utah and neighboring states voted 75% or more for Bush in 2000.", "answer": "Voters who attend church weekly", "sentence": "Voters who attend church weekly gave 61% of their votes to Bush in 2004; those who attend occasionally gave him only 47%, while those who never attend gave him 36%.", "paragraph_sentence": "Religion has always played a major role for both parties but, in the course of a century, the parties' religious compositions have changed. Religion was a major dividing line between the parties before 1960, with Catholics, Jews, and Southern Protestants heavily Democratic, and Northeastern Protestants heavily Republican. Most of the old differences faded away after the realignment of the 1970s and 80s that undercut the New Deal coalition. <hl> Voters who attend church weekly gave 61% of their votes to Bush in 2004; those who attend occasionally gave him only 47%, while those who never attend gave him 36%. <hl> Fifty-nine percent of Protestants voted for Bush, along with 52% of Catholics (even though John Kerry was Catholic). Since 1980, large majorities of evangelicals have voted Republican; 70\u201380% voted for Bush in 2000 and 2004, and 70% for Republican House candidates in 2006. Jews continue to vote 70\u201380% Democratic. Democrats have close links with the African American churches, especially the National Baptists, while their historic dominance among Catholic voters has eroded to 54\u201346 in the 2010 midterms. The main line traditional Protestants (Methodists, Lutherans, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Disciples) have dropped to about 55% Republican (in contrast to 75% before 1968). The mainline denominations are rapidly shrinking in size. Mormons in Utah and neighboring states voted 75% or more for Bush in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "Religion has always played a major role for both parties but, in the course of a century, the parties' religious compositions have changed. Religion was a major dividing line between the parties before 1960, with Catholics, Jews, and Southern Protestants heavily Democratic, and Northeastern Protestants heavily Republican. Most of the old differences faded away after the realignment of the 1970s and 80s that undercut the New Deal coalition. <hl> Voters who attend church weekly <hl> gave 61% of their votes to Bush in 2004; those who attend occasionally gave him only 47%, while those who never attend gave him 36%. Fifty-nine percent of Protestants voted for Bush, along with 52% of Catholics (even though John Kerry was Catholic). Since 1980, large majorities of evangelicals have voted Republican; 70\u201380% voted for Bush in 2000 and 2004, and 70% for Republican House candidates in 2006. Jews continue to vote 70\u201380% Democratic. Democrats have close links with the African American churches, especially the National Baptists, while their historic dominance among Catholic voters has eroded to 54\u201346 in the 2010 midterms. The main line traditional Protestants (Methodists, Lutherans, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Disciples) have dropped to about 55% Republican (in contrast to 75% before 1968). The mainline denominations are rapidly shrinking in size. Mormons in Utah and neighboring states voted 75% or more for Bush in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Voters who attend church weekly <hl> gave 61% of their votes to Bush in 2004; those who attend occasionally gave him only 47%, while those who never attend gave him 36%.", "paragraph_id": "5d6717342b22cd4dfcfbeef3"}
{"question": "When did Oxford house the court of Charles II?", "paragraph": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "answer": "1665\u201366", "sentence": "It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366 .", "paragraph_sentence": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. <hl> It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in 1665\u201366 . <hl> Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "paragraph_answer": "During the English Civil War, Oxford housed the court of Charles I in 1642, after the king was expelled from London, although there was strong support in the town for the Parliamentarian cause. The town yielded to Parliamentarian forces under General Fairfax in the Siege of Oxford of 1646. It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in <hl> 1665\u201366 <hl>. Although reluctant to do so, he was forced to evacuate when the plague got too close. The city suffered two serious fires in 1644 and 1671.", "sentence_answer": "It later housed the court of Charles II during the Great Plague of London in <hl> 1665\u201366 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6714ef2b22cd4dfcfbee7a"}
{"question": "How many points will be awarded to the winning team after the shootout?", "paragraph": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "answer": "two points", "sentence": "In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point.", "paragraph_sentence": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. <hl> In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. <hl> Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "paragraph_answer": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded <hl> two points <hl> in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "sentence_answer": "In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded <hl> two points <hl> in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point.", "paragraph_id": "5d666bf52b22cd4dfcfbde91"}
{"question": "What kind of etymology links the name Islam Bol to the capital of the Empire?", "paragraph": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks.  This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "answer": "Turkish folk", "sentence": "A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire.", "paragraph_sentence": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. <hl> A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. <hl> It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "paragraph_answer": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. A <hl> Turkish folk <hl> etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> Turkish folk <hl> etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2ce2b22cd4dfcfbcbe9"}
{"question": "Who was the first armed group in Manipur?", "paragraph": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "answer": "The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF)", "sentence": "The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF) , was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. <hl> The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF) , was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. <hl> Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "paragraph_answer": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. <hl> The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF) <hl>, was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF) <hl> , was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702d92b22cd4dfcfbea4e"}
{"question": "What is the usual representation of an infinite formula?", "paragraph": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "answer": "a tree", "sentence": "Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree .", "paragraph_sentence": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. <hl> Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree . <hl> Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "paragraph_answer": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is <hl> a tree <hl>. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "sentence_answer": "Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is <hl> a tree <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666de62b22cd4dfcfbdebf"}
{"question": "When did the Gallop poll begin to take number on how the country identified politically?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "1991", "sentence": "The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. <hl> The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991 . <hl> In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in <hl> 1991 <hl>. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in <hl> 1991 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674f5b2b22cd4dfcfbf636"}
{"question": "The list of states includes what other type of abbreviation?", "paragraph": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "answer": "traditional abbreviation", "sentence": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the <hl> traditional abbreviation <hl> for each state):", "sentence_answer": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the <hl> traditional abbreviation <hl> for each state):", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6a92b22cd4dfcfbe7f8"}
{"question": "What was the number of Chicago's homeless that was documented for a single night in 2007?", "paragraph": "Over the years, the city of Chicago, Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. The reputation stems primarily from the subjective number of beggars found on the streets rather than any sort of objective statistical census data. Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "answer": "5,922", "sentence": "Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "paragraph_sentence": "Over the years, the city of Chicago, Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. The reputation stems primarily from the subjective number of beggars found on the streets rather than any sort of objective statistical census data. <hl> Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only 5,922 homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Over the years, the city of Chicago, Illinois has gained a reputation as the city with the most homeless people, rivaling Los Angeles and New York, although no statistical data have backed this up. The reputation stems primarily from the subjective number of beggars found on the streets rather than any sort of objective statistical census data. Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only <hl> 5,922 <hl> homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "sentence_answer": "Indeed, from statistical data, Chicago has far less homeless per capita than peers New York, and Los Angeles, or other major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Boston, among others, with only <hl> 5,922 <hl> homeless recorded in a one night count taken in 2007.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fe612b22cd4dfcfbd50f"}
{"question": "What was the official title of Archibald Campbell?", "paragraph": "British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. In 1825, John Franklin wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. Captain R.G.A. Levinge, a British Army officer in New Brunswick during Campbell's time, wrote about \"hockey on ice\" on Chippewa Creek (a tributary of the Niagara River) in 1839. In 1843 another British Army officer in Kingston, Ontario wrote, \"Began to skate this year, improved quickly and had great fun at hockey on the ice.\" An 1859 Boston Evening Gazette article referred to an early game of hockey on ice in Halifax that year. An 1835 painting by John O'Toole depicts skaters with sticks and bung on a frozen stream in the American state of West Virginia.", "answer": "lieutenant governor", "sentence": "A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport.", "paragraph_sentence": "British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. In 1825, John Franklin wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. <hl> A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. <hl> Captain R.G.A. Levinge, a British Army officer in New Brunswick during Campbell's time, wrote about \"hockey on ice\" on Chippewa Creek (a tributary of the Niagara River) in 1839. In 1843 another British Army officer in Kingston, Ontario wrote, \"Began to skate this year, improved quickly and had great fun at hockey on the ice.\" An 1859 Boston Evening Gazette article referred to an early game of hockey on ice in Halifax that year. An 1835 painting by John O'Toole depicts skaters with sticks and bung on a frozen stream in the American state of West Virginia.", "paragraph_answer": "British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. In 1825, John Franklin wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick <hl> lieutenant governor <hl> Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. Captain R.G.A. Levinge, a British Army officer in New Brunswick during Campbell's time, wrote about \"hockey on ice\" on Chippewa Creek (a tributary of the Niagara River) in 1839. In 1843 another British Army officer in Kingston, Ontario wrote, \"Began to skate this year, improved quickly and had great fun at hockey on the ice.\" An 1859 Boston Evening Gazette article referred to an early game of hockey on ice in Halifax that year. An 1835 painting by John O'Toole depicts skaters with sticks and bung on a frozen stream in the American state of West Virginia.", "sentence_answer": "A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick <hl> lieutenant governor <hl> Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de5e2b22cd4dfcfbcff7"}
{"question": "Who designed the first Windows model?", "paragraph": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity.  Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "answer": "Chase Bishop", "sentence": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop , a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop , a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. <hl> It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when <hl> Chase Bishop <hl>, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "sentence_answer": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when <hl> Chase Bishop <hl> , a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started.", "paragraph_id": "5d66eeac2b22cd4dfcfbe5cd"}
{"question": "Tin acts as what when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack?", "paragraph": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "answer": "a catalyst", "sentence": "Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. <hl> Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin resists corrosion from water, but can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective coat for other metals. In this case a protective oxide layer prevents further oxidation. This oxide layer forms on pewter and other tin alloys. Tin acts as <hl> a catalyst <hl> when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Tin acts as <hl> a catalyst <hl> when oxygen is in solution and helps accelerate chemical attack.[clarification needed][citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef172b22cd4dfcfbe5e4"}
{"question": "Channels above what frequency manifest emission signals?", "paragraph": "The second category of sensor channels is in the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The frequencies in use range from about 10 gigahertz  to a few hundred GHz. Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. Channels above 37 GHz display emission signals, but are dominated by the action of solid hydrometeors (snow, graupel, etc.) to scatter microwave radiant energy. Satellites such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission employ microwave sensors to form precipitation estimates.", "answer": "37 GHz", "sentence": "Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy.", "paragraph_sentence": "The second category of sensor channels is in the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The frequencies in use range from about 10 gigahertz to a few hundred GHz. <hl> Channels up to about 37 GHz primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. <hl> Channels above 37 GHz display emission signals, but are dominated by the action of solid hydrometeors (snow, graupel, etc.) to scatter microwave radiant energy. Satellites such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission employ microwave sensors to form precipitation estimates.", "paragraph_answer": "The second category of sensor channels is in the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The frequencies in use range from about 10 gigahertz to a few hundred GHz. Channels up to about <hl> 37 GHz <hl> primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy. Channels above 37 GHz display emission signals, but are dominated by the action of solid hydrometeors (snow, graupel, etc.) to scatter microwave radiant energy. Satellites such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission employ microwave sensors to form precipitation estimates.", "sentence_answer": "Channels up to about <hl> 37 GHz <hl> primarily provide information on the liquid hydrometeors (rain and drizzle) in the lower parts of clouds, with larger amounts of liquid emitting higher amounts of microwave radiant energy.", "paragraph_id": "5d6778842b22cd4dfcfbfcbc"}
{"question": "Who constructed the first planetarium in the western hemisphere?", "paragraph": "The practical sciences were of great interest to colonial Americans, who were engaged in the process of taming and settling a wild frontier country. While science could eventually be applied to political problems, the mainstream of intellectual activity in the colonies was on technological and engineering developments rather than more abstract topics such as politics or metaphysics. American scientific activity was symbolized by David Rittenhouse, who constructed the first planetarium in the Western Hemisphere, New York lieutenant governor Cadwallader Colden, botanist and anthropologist, and Dr. Benjamin Rush, the celebrated physician and social reformer and member of the American Philosophical Society founded by Benjamin Franklin, who had contributed important discoveries to physics such as electricity, but was more successful in his practical inventions such as stoves and lightning rods.", "answer": "David Rittenhouse", "sentence": "American scientific activity was symbolized by David Rittenhouse , who constructed the first planetarium in the Western Hemisphere, New York lieutenant governor Cadwallader Colden, botanist and anthropologist, and Dr. Benjamin Rush, the celebrated physician and social reformer and member of the American Philosophical Society founded by Benjamin Franklin, who had contributed important discoveries to physics such as electricity, but was more successful in his practical inventions such as stoves and lightning rods.", "paragraph_sentence": "The practical sciences were of great interest to colonial Americans, who were engaged in the process of taming and settling a wild frontier country. While science could eventually be applied to political problems, the mainstream of intellectual activity in the colonies was on technological and engineering developments rather than more abstract topics such as politics or metaphysics. <hl> American scientific activity was symbolized by David Rittenhouse , who constructed the first planetarium in the Western Hemisphere, New York lieutenant governor Cadwallader Colden, botanist and anthropologist, and Dr. Benjamin Rush, the celebrated physician and social reformer and member of the American Philosophical Society founded by Benjamin Franklin, who had contributed important discoveries to physics such as electricity, but was more successful in his practical inventions such as stoves and lightning rods. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The practical sciences were of great interest to colonial Americans, who were engaged in the process of taming and settling a wild frontier country. While science could eventually be applied to political problems, the mainstream of intellectual activity in the colonies was on technological and engineering developments rather than more abstract topics such as politics or metaphysics. American scientific activity was symbolized by <hl> David Rittenhouse <hl>, who constructed the first planetarium in the Western Hemisphere, New York lieutenant governor Cadwallader Colden, botanist and anthropologist, and Dr. Benjamin Rush, the celebrated physician and social reformer and member of the American Philosophical Society founded by Benjamin Franklin, who had contributed important discoveries to physics such as electricity, but was more successful in his practical inventions such as stoves and lightning rods.", "sentence_answer": "American scientific activity was symbolized by <hl> David Rittenhouse <hl> , who constructed the first planetarium in the Western Hemisphere, New York lieutenant governor Cadwallader Colden, botanist and anthropologist, and Dr. Benjamin Rush, the celebrated physician and social reformer and member of the American Philosophical Society founded by Benjamin Franklin, who had contributed important discoveries to physics such as electricity, but was more successful in his practical inventions such as stoves and lightning rods.", "paragraph_id": "5d6655662b22cd4dfcfbdc2a"}
{"question": "Mao Zedong Thought is also known as what word?", "paragraph": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism. In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as Maoism)  increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). After the death of Mao on 1976, Peruvian Maoists associated with the Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso)  coined the term Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism, arguing that Maoism was a more advanced stage of Marxism.", "answer": "Maoism", "sentence": "In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as Maoism )  increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968).", "paragraph_sentence": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism. <hl> In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as Maoism ) increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). <hl> After the death of Mao on 1976, Peruvian Maoists associated with the Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso) coined the term Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism, arguing that Maoism was a more advanced stage of Marxism.", "paragraph_answer": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism. In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as <hl> Maoism <hl>) increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). After the death of Mao on 1976, Peruvian Maoists associated with the Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso) coined the term Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism, arguing that Maoism was a more advanced stage of Marxism.", "sentence_answer": "In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as <hl> Maoism <hl> ) increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968).", "paragraph_id": "5d672ad12b22cd4dfcfbf156"}
{"question": "What did the opposition to Stalin by Trotsky lead to?", "paragraph": "In 1929, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "answer": "a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism", "sentence": "Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1929, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. <hl> Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1929, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to <hl> a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism <hl> that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "sentence_answer": "Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to <hl> a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism <hl> that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "paragraph_id": "5d675ead2b22cd4dfcfbf8f2"}
{"question": "How long is the trip between Manhattan and Staten Island on the ferry?", "paragraph": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "answer": "5.2-mile (8.4 km)", "sentence": "The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) <hl> The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) run between Manhattan and Staten Island. <hl> Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "paragraph_answer": "The Roosevelt Island Tramway, one of two commuter cable car systems in North America, whisks commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan in less than five minutes, and has been serving the island since 1978. (The other system in North America is the Portland Aerial Tram.) The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the <hl> 5.2-mile (8.4 km) <hl> run between Manhattan and Staten Island. Each weekday, five vessels transport about 65,000 passengers on 109 boat trips. The ferry has been fare-free since 1997, when the then-50-cent fare was eliminated.", "sentence_answer": "The Staten Island Ferry, which runs 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, annually carries over 21 million passengers on the <hl> 5.2-mile (8.4 km) <hl> run between Manhattan and Staten Island.", "paragraph_id": "5d670d422b22cd4dfcfbec3c"}
{"question": "Where are compositions that are crowded figures also seen?", "paragraph": "Hellenistic and Roman sarcophagus reliefs were cut with a drill rather than chisels, enabling and encouraging compositions extremely crowded with figures, like the Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (250\u2013260 CE). These are also seen in the enormous strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns. The sarcophagi in particular exerted a huge influence on later Western sculpture. The European Middle Ages tended to use high relief for all purposes in stone, though like Ancient Roman sculpture their reliefs were typically not as high as in Ancient Greece. Very high relief reemerged in the Renaissance, and was especially used in wall-mounted funerary art and later on Neo-classical pediments and public monuments.", "answer": "strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns", "sentence": "These are also seen in the enormous strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns .", "paragraph_sentence": "Hellenistic and Roman sarcophagus reliefs were cut with a drill rather than chisels, enabling and encouraging compositions extremely crowded with figures, like the Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (250\u2013260 CE). <hl> These are also seen in the enormous strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns . <hl> The sarcophagi in particular exerted a huge influence on later Western sculpture. The European Middle Ages tended to use high relief for all purposes in stone, though like Ancient Roman sculpture their reliefs were typically not as high as in Ancient Greece. Very high relief reemerged in the Renaissance, and was especially used in wall-mounted funerary art and later on Neo-classical pediments and public monuments.", "paragraph_answer": "Hellenistic and Roman sarcophagus reliefs were cut with a drill rather than chisels, enabling and encouraging compositions extremely crowded with figures, like the Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus (250\u2013260 CE). These are also seen in the enormous <hl> strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns <hl>. The sarcophagi in particular exerted a huge influence on later Western sculpture. The European Middle Ages tended to use high relief for all purposes in stone, though like Ancient Roman sculpture their reliefs were typically not as high as in Ancient Greece. Very high relief reemerged in the Renaissance, and was especially used in wall-mounted funerary art and later on Neo-classical pediments and public monuments.", "sentence_answer": "These are also seen in the enormous <hl> strips of reliefs that wound round Roman triumphal columns <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67fd132b22cd4dfcfc04ee"}
{"question": "What is causing concern  about losing forest in the Sierra?", "paragraph": "There are still a number of issues facing the Sierra Nevada that threaten its conservation. Logging occurs on both private and public lands, with controversial clearcut methods used on private lands and more science-based thinning logging on public lands. Grazing occurs on private lands as well on National Forest lands, which includes Wilderness areas. Overgrazing can alter hydrologic processes and vegetation composition, remove vegetation that serves as food and habitat for native species, and contribute to sedimentation and pollution in waterways. A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest, has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada.", "answer": "large-scale catastrophic wildfire", "sentence": "A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest, has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are still a number of issues facing the Sierra Nevada that threaten its conservation. Logging occurs on both private and public lands, with controversial clearcut methods used on private lands and more science-based thinning logging on public lands. Grazing occurs on private lands as well on National Forest lands, which includes Wilderness areas. Overgrazing can alter hydrologic processes and vegetation composition, remove vegetation that serves as food and habitat for native species, and contribute to sedimentation and pollution in waterways. <hl> A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest, has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are still a number of issues facing the Sierra Nevada that threaten its conservation. Logging occurs on both private and public lands, with controversial clearcut methods used on private lands and more science-based thinning logging on public lands. Grazing occurs on private lands as well on National Forest lands, which includes Wilderness areas. Overgrazing can alter hydrologic processes and vegetation composition, remove vegetation that serves as food and habitat for native species, and contribute to sedimentation and pollution in waterways. A recent increase in <hl> large-scale catastrophic wildfire <hl> like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest, has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada.", "sentence_answer": "A recent increase in <hl> large-scale catastrophic wildfire <hl> like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest, has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada.", "paragraph_id": "5d677ac02b22cd4dfcfbfcfe"}
{"question": "Which Metro lines service the Thracian side of town?", "paragraph": "The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines (the M1 and M2 on the European side, and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction. The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus by the Marmaray tunnel, inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia. With the Marmaray's completion, rail use in the city is expected to increase to 28 percent (from 4 percent), behind only Tokyo and New York City. Until then, buses provide transportation within and between the two halves of the city, accommodating 2.2 million passenger trips each day. The Metrobus, a form of bus rapid transit, crosses the Bosphorus Bridge, with dedicated lanes leading to its termini. \u0130DO (Istanbul Seabuses) runs a combination of all-passenger ferries and car-and-passenger ferries to ports on both sides of the Bosphorus, as far north as the Black Sea. With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, \u0130DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. The city's main cruise ship terminal is the Port of Istanbul in Karak\u00f6y, with a capacity of 10,000 passengers per hour. Most visitors enter Istanbul by air, but about half a million foreign tourists enter the city by sea each year.", "answer": "(the M1 and M2 on the European side", "sentence": "The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines (the M1 and M2 on the European side , and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines (the M1 and M2 on the European side , and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction. <hl> The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus by the Marmaray tunnel, inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia. With the Marmaray's completion, rail use in the city is expected to increase to 28 percent (from 4 percent), behind only Tokyo and New York City. Until then, buses provide transportation within and between the two halves of the city, accommodating 2.2 million passenger trips each day. The Metrobus, a form of bus rapid transit, crosses the Bosphorus Bridge, with dedicated lanes leading to its termini. \u0130DO (Istanbul Seabuses) runs a combination of all-passenger ferries and car-and-passenger ferries to ports on both sides of the Bosphorus, as far north as the Black Sea. With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, \u0130DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. The city's main cruise ship terminal is the Port of Istanbul in Karak\u00f6y, with a capacity of 10,000 passengers per hour. Most visitors enter Istanbul by air, but about half a million foreign tourists enter the city by sea each year.", "paragraph_answer": "The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines <hl> (the M1 and M2 on the European side <hl>, and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction. The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus by the Marmaray tunnel, inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia. With the Marmaray's completion, rail use in the city is expected to increase to 28 percent (from 4 percent), behind only Tokyo and New York City. Until then, buses provide transportation within and between the two halves of the city, accommodating 2.2 million passenger trips each day. The Metrobus, a form of bus rapid transit, crosses the Bosphorus Bridge, with dedicated lanes leading to its termini. \u0130DO (Istanbul Seabuses) runs a combination of all-passenger ferries and car-and-passenger ferries to ports on both sides of the Bosphorus, as far north as the Black Sea. With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, \u0130DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. The city's main cruise ship terminal is the Port of Istanbul in Karak\u00f6y, with a capacity of 10,000 passengers per hour. Most visitors enter Istanbul by air, but about half a million foreign tourists enter the city by sea each year.", "sentence_answer": "The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines <hl> (the M1 and M2 on the European side <hl> , and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction.", "paragraph_id": "5d66042a2b22cd4dfcfbd59b"}
{"question": "water purification and waste water disposal are targets for decentralization because of what?", "paragraph": "Technologies often mentioned as best implemented in a decentralized manner, include: water purification, delivery and waste water disposal, agricultural technology and energy technology. Advancing technology may allow decentralized, privatized and free market solutions for what have been public services, such utilities producing and/or delivering power, water, mail, telecommunications and services like consumer product safety, money and banking, medical licensing and detection and metering technologies for highways, parking, and auto emissions.[clarification needed] However, in terms of technology, a clear distinction between fully centralized or decentralized technical solutions is often not possible and therefore finding an optimal degree of centralization difficult from an infrastructure planning perspective.", "answer": "Advancing technology", "sentence": "Advancing technology may allow decentralized, privatized and free market solutions for what have been public services, such utilities producing and/or delivering power, water, mail, telecommunications and services like consumer product safety, money and banking, medical licensing and detection and metering technologies for highways, parking, and auto emissions.[clarification needed] However, in terms of technology, a clear distinction between fully centralized or decentralized technical solutions is often not possible and therefore finding an optimal degree of centralization difficult from an infrastructure planning perspective.", "paragraph_sentence": "Technologies often mentioned as best implemented in a decentralized manner, include: water purification, delivery and waste water disposal, agricultural technology and energy technology. <hl> Advancing technology may allow decentralized, privatized and free market solutions for what have been public services, such utilities producing and/or delivering power, water, mail, telecommunications and services like consumer product safety, money and banking, medical licensing and detection and metering technologies for highways, parking, and auto emissions.[clarification needed] However, in terms of technology, a clear distinction between fully centralized or decentralized technical solutions is often not possible and therefore finding an optimal degree of centralization difficult from an infrastructure planning perspective. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Technologies often mentioned as best implemented in a decentralized manner, include: water purification, delivery and waste water disposal, agricultural technology and energy technology. <hl> Advancing technology <hl> may allow decentralized, privatized and free market solutions for what have been public services, such utilities producing and/or delivering power, water, mail, telecommunications and services like consumer product safety, money and banking, medical licensing and detection and metering technologies for highways, parking, and auto emissions.[clarification needed] However, in terms of technology, a clear distinction between fully centralized or decentralized technical solutions is often not possible and therefore finding an optimal degree of centralization difficult from an infrastructure planning perspective.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Advancing technology <hl> may allow decentralized, privatized and free market solutions for what have been public services, such utilities producing and/or delivering power, water, mail, telecommunications and services like consumer product safety, money and banking, medical licensing and detection and metering technologies for highways, parking, and auto emissions.[clarification needed] However, in terms of technology, a clear distinction between fully centralized or decentralized technical solutions is often not possible and therefore finding an optimal degree of centralization difficult from an infrastructure planning perspective.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1be2b22cd4dfcfbd0d7"}
{"question": "What was another name for the Atlantic slave trade?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "answer": "transatlantic slave trade", "sentence": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. <hl> The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade or <hl> transatlantic slave trade <hl> took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "sentence_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade or <hl> transatlantic slave trade <hl> took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries.", "paragraph_id": "5d65962f2b22cd4dfcfbca2c"}
{"question": "Who separated tribal and territorial morality?", "paragraph": "Celia Green made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality. She characterizes the latter as predominantly negative and proscriptive: it defines a person\u2019s territory, including his or her property and dependents, which is not to be damaged or interfered with. Apart from these proscriptions, territorial morality is permissive, allowing the individual whatever behaviour does not interfere with the territory of another. By contrast, tribal morality is prescriptive, imposing the norms of the collective on the individual. These norms will be arbitrary, culturally dependent and \u2018flexible\u2019, whereas territorial morality aims at rules which are universal and absolute, such as Kant\u2019s \u2018categorical imperative\u2019 and Geisler's graded absolutism. Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of private property, and the ascendancy of contract over status.", "answer": "Celia Green", "sentence": "Celia Green made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Celia Green made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality. <hl> She characterizes the latter as predominantly negative and proscriptive: it defines a person\u2019s territory, including his or her property and dependents, which is not to be damaged or interfered with. Apart from these proscriptions, territorial morality is permissive, allowing the individual whatever behaviour does not interfere with the territory of another. By contrast, tribal morality is prescriptive, imposing the norms of the collective on the individual. These norms will be arbitrary, culturally dependent and \u2018flexible\u2019, whereas territorial morality aims at rules which are universal and absolute, such as Kant\u2019s \u2018categorical imperative\u2019 and Geisler's graded absolutism. Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of private property, and the ascendancy of contract over status.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Celia Green <hl> made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality. She characterizes the latter as predominantly negative and proscriptive: it defines a person\u2019s territory, including his or her property and dependents, which is not to be damaged or interfered with. Apart from these proscriptions, territorial morality is permissive, allowing the individual whatever behaviour does not interfere with the territory of another. By contrast, tribal morality is prescriptive, imposing the norms of the collective on the individual. These norms will be arbitrary, culturally dependent and \u2018flexible\u2019, whereas territorial morality aims at rules which are universal and absolute, such as Kant\u2019s \u2018categorical imperative\u2019 and Geisler's graded absolutism. Green relates the development of territorial morality to the rise of the concept of private property, and the ascendancy of contract over status.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Celia Green <hl> made a distinction between tribal and territorial morality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702a12b22cd4dfcfbea44"}
{"question": "On what satellites may a microwave sensor be equipped?", "paragraph": "The IR estimates have rather low skill at short time and space scales, but are available very frequently (15 minutes or more often) from satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit. IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection\u2014such as the tropics\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. The more-direct physical connection between hydrometeors and microwave channels gives the microwave estimates greater skill on short time and space scales than is true for IR. However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites, and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. This several-hour interval is insufficient to adequately document precipitation because of the transient nature of most precipitation systems as well as the inability of a single satellite to appropriately capture the typical daily cycle of precipitation at a given location.", "answer": "low Earth orbit satellites", "sentence": "However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites , and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours.", "paragraph_sentence": "The IR estimates have rather low skill at short time and space scales, but are available very frequently (15 minutes or more often) from satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit. IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection\u2014such as the tropics\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. The more-direct physical connection between hydrometeors and microwave channels gives the microwave estimates greater skill on short time and space scales than is true for IR. <hl> However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites , and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. <hl> This several-hour interval is insufficient to adequately document precipitation because of the transient nature of most precipitation systems as well as the inability of a single satellite to appropriately capture the typical daily cycle of precipitation at a given location.", "paragraph_answer": "The IR estimates have rather low skill at short time and space scales, but are available very frequently (15 minutes or more often) from satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit. IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection\u2014such as the tropics\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. The more-direct physical connection between hydrometeors and microwave channels gives the microwave estimates greater skill on short time and space scales than is true for IR. However, microwave sensors fly only on <hl> low Earth orbit satellites <hl>, and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. This several-hour interval is insufficient to adequately document precipitation because of the transient nature of most precipitation systems as well as the inability of a single satellite to appropriately capture the typical daily cycle of precipitation at a given location.", "sentence_answer": "However, microwave sensors fly only on <hl> low Earth orbit satellites <hl> , and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours.", "paragraph_id": "5d6779ba2b22cd4dfcfbfcd4"}
{"question": "In what year did the NHL make the two-lane pass legal?", "paragraph": "Offensive tactics include improving a team's position on the ice by advancing the puck out of one's zone towards the opponent's zone, progressively by gaining lines, first your own blue line, then the red line and finally the opponent's blue line. NHL rules instated for the 2006 season redefined the offside rule to make the two-line pass legal; a player may pass the puck from behind his own blue line, past both that blue line and the centre red line, to a player on the near side of the opponents' blue line. Offensive tactics are designed ultimately to score a goal by taking a shot. When a player purposely directs the puck towards the opponent's goal, he or she is said to \"shoot\" the puck.", "answer": "2006", "sentence": "NHL rules instated for the 2006 season redefined the offside rule to make the two-line pass legal; a player may pass the puck from behind his own blue line, past both that blue line and the centre red line, to a player on the near side of the opponents' blue line.", "paragraph_sentence": "Offensive tactics include improving a team's position on the ice by advancing the puck out of one's zone towards the opponent's zone, progressively by gaining lines, first your own blue line, then the red line and finally the opponent's blue line. <hl> NHL rules instated for the 2006 season redefined the offside rule to make the two-line pass legal; a player may pass the puck from behind his own blue line, past both that blue line and the centre red line, to a player on the near side of the opponents' blue line. <hl> Offensive tactics are designed ultimately to score a goal by taking a shot. When a player purposely directs the puck towards the opponent's goal, he or she is said to \"shoot\" the puck.", "paragraph_answer": "Offensive tactics include improving a team's position on the ice by advancing the puck out of one's zone towards the opponent's zone, progressively by gaining lines, first your own blue line, then the red line and finally the opponent's blue line. NHL rules instated for the <hl> 2006 <hl> season redefined the offside rule to make the two-line pass legal; a player may pass the puck from behind his own blue line, past both that blue line and the centre red line, to a player on the near side of the opponents' blue line. Offensive tactics are designed ultimately to score a goal by taking a shot. When a player purposely directs the puck towards the opponent's goal, he or she is said to \"shoot\" the puck.", "sentence_answer": "NHL rules instated for the <hl> 2006 <hl> season redefined the offside rule to make the two-line pass legal; a player may pass the puck from behind his own blue line, past both that blue line and the centre red line, to a player on the near side of the opponents' blue line.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5e52b22cd4dfcfbce7a"}
{"question": "What type of magazine was it?", "paragraph": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "answer": "Travel", "sentence": "The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "paragraph_sentence": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. <hl> The first issue of The Sunday Times Travel Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "This 164-page monthly magazine is sold separately from the newspaper and is Britain's best-selling travel magazine. The first issue of The Sunday Times <hl> Travel <hl> Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "sentence_answer": "The first issue of The Sunday Times <hl> Travel <hl> Magazine was in 2003, and it includes news, features and insider guides.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e9a2b22cd4dfcfbf5f5"}
{"question": "What kind of clouds are cumulus congestus?", "paragraph": "Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus. It falls as showers with rapidly changing intensity. Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as convective clouds have limited horizontal extent. Most precipitation in the tropics appears to be convective; however, it has been suggested that stratiform precipitation also occurs. Graupel and hail indicate convection.  In mid-latitudes, convective precipitation is intermittent and often associated with baroclinic boundaries such as cold fronts, squall lines, and warm fronts.", "answer": "convective", "sentence": "Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus. <hl> It falls as showers with rapidly changing intensity. Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as convective clouds have limited horizontal extent. Most precipitation in the tropics appears to be convective; however, it has been suggested that stratiform precipitation also occurs. Graupel and hail indicate convection. In mid-latitudes, convective precipitation is intermittent and often associated with baroclinic boundaries such as cold fronts, squall lines, and warm fronts.", "paragraph_answer": "Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from <hl> convective <hl> clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus. It falls as showers with rapidly changing intensity. Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as convective clouds have limited horizontal extent. Most precipitation in the tropics appears to be convective; however, it has been suggested that stratiform precipitation also occurs. Graupel and hail indicate convection. In mid-latitudes, convective precipitation is intermittent and often associated with baroclinic boundaries such as cold fronts, squall lines, and warm fronts.", "sentence_answer": "Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from <hl> convective <hl> clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus.", "paragraph_id": "5d6782e52b22cd4dfcfbfdb5"}
{"question": "How long is Connecticut's sales tax break?", "paragraph": "Connecticut levies a 6.35% state sales tax on the retail sale, lease, or rental of most goods. Some items and services in general are not subject to sales and use taxes unless specifically enumerated as taxable by statute. A provision excluding clothing under $50 from sales tax was repealed as of July 1, 2011. There are no additional sales taxes imposed by local jurisdictions. In August 2013, Connecticut authorized a sales tax \"holiday\" for one week during which retailers did not have to remit sales tax on certain items and quantities of clothing.", "answer": "one week", "sentence": "In August 2013, Connecticut authorized a sales tax \"holiday\" for one week during which retailers did not have to remit sales tax on certain items and quantities of clothing.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut levies a 6.35% state sales tax on the retail sale, lease, or rental of most goods. Some items and services in general are not subject to sales and use taxes unless specifically enumerated as taxable by statute. A provision excluding clothing under $50 from sales tax was repealed as of July 1, 2011. There are no additional sales taxes imposed by local jurisdictions. <hl> In August 2013, Connecticut authorized a sales tax \"holiday\" for one week during which retailers did not have to remit sales tax on certain items and quantities of clothing. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut levies a 6.35% state sales tax on the retail sale, lease, or rental of most goods. Some items and services in general are not subject to sales and use taxes unless specifically enumerated as taxable by statute. A provision excluding clothing under $50 from sales tax was repealed as of July 1, 2011. There are no additional sales taxes imposed by local jurisdictions. In August 2013, Connecticut authorized a sales tax \"holiday\" for <hl> one week <hl> during which retailers did not have to remit sales tax on certain items and quantities of clothing.", "sentence_answer": "In August 2013, Connecticut authorized a sales tax \"holiday\" for <hl> one week <hl> during which retailers did not have to remit sales tax on certain items and quantities of clothing.", "paragraph_id": "5d6666472b22cd4dfcfbddde"}
{"question": "which element is used to build a complex structural systems?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "answer": "a number of simple structural elements", "sentence": "Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems.", "paragraph_sentence": "Structural engineering theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. <hl> Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. <hl> Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineering theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. Structural engineering design utilizes <hl> a number of simple structural elements <hl> to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "sentence_answer": "Structural engineering design utilizes <hl> a number of simple structural elements <hl> to build complex structural systems.", "paragraph_id": "5d6771f52b22cd4dfcfbfc08"}
{"question": "In what war did the New York Campaign take place?", "paragraph": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "answer": "American Revolutionary War", "sentence": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War . <hl> The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early <hl> American Revolutionary War <hl>. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early <hl> American Revolutionary War <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6701092b22cd4dfcfbe9ff"}
{"question": "i is identified by a point with what coordinates?", "paragraph": "There is no natural interpretation of multiplying vectors to obtain another vector that works in all dimensions, however there is a way to use complex numbers to provide such a multiplication. In a two dimensional cartesian plane, identify the point with coordinates (x, y) with the complex number z = x + iy. Here, i is the imaginary unit and is identified with the point with coordinates (0, 1), so it is not the unit vector in the direction of the x-axis. Since the complex numbers can be multiplied giving another complex number, this identification provides a means to \"multiply\" vectors. In a three dimensional cartesian space a similar identification can be made with a subset of the quaternions.", "answer": "(0, 1)", "sentence": "Here, i is the imaginary unit and is identified with the point with coordinates (0, 1) , so it is not the unit vector in the direction of the x-axis.", "paragraph_sentence": "There is no natural interpretation of multiplying vectors to obtain another vector that works in all dimensions, however there is a way to use complex numbers to provide such a multiplication. In a two dimensional cartesian plane, identify the point with coordinates (x, y) with the complex number z = x + iy. <hl> Here, i is the imaginary unit and is identified with the point with coordinates (0, 1) , so it is not the unit vector in the direction of the x-axis. <hl> Since the complex numbers can be multiplied giving another complex number, this identification provides a means to \"multiply\" vectors. In a three dimensional cartesian space a similar identification can be made with a subset of the quaternions.", "paragraph_answer": "There is no natural interpretation of multiplying vectors to obtain another vector that works in all dimensions, however there is a way to use complex numbers to provide such a multiplication. In a two dimensional cartesian plane, identify the point with coordinates (x, y) with the complex number z = x + iy. Here, i is the imaginary unit and is identified with the point with coordinates <hl> (0, 1) <hl>, so it is not the unit vector in the direction of the x-axis. Since the complex numbers can be multiplied giving another complex number, this identification provides a means to \"multiply\" vectors. In a three dimensional cartesian space a similar identification can be made with a subset of the quaternions.", "sentence_answer": "Here, i is the imaginary unit and is identified with the point with coordinates <hl> (0, 1) <hl> , so it is not the unit vector in the direction of the x-axis.", "paragraph_id": "5d6676c92b22cd4dfcfbe00f"}
{"question": "Wheat at the oldest site was dated by Willem van Zeist and who else?", "paragraph": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "answer": "Johanna Bakker-Heeres", "sentence": "Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC.", "paragraph_sentence": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. <hl> Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. <hl> Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "paragraph_answer": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant <hl> Johanna Bakker-Heeres <hl> to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "sentence_answer": "Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant <hl> Johanna Bakker-Heeres <hl> to 8800 BC.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0d42b22cd4dfcfbe688"}
{"question": "Which population is heavily concentrated among the Meetei?", "paragraph": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "answer": "The Hindu", "sentence": "The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people.", "paragraph_sentence": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. <hl> The Hindu population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. <hl> The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "paragraph_answer": "About 41.3% of Manipuri people are Hindus. Hinduism is mostly professed by Meetei people, who are majority in the state. However, a large minority of Meetei people practices Sanamahism (traditional Meetei religion), Christianity and Islam. Vaishnavism school of Hinduism became a dominant force in Manipur in the eighteenth century when the king, Garib Niwas (1708\u201348), declared it as the official State religion. This was the Vaishnavism of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, the Bhakti preacher of Bengal, which stressed Krishna Bhakti. <hl> The Hindu <hl> population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people. The districts of Bishnupur, Thoubal, Manipur East and Manipur West are all Hindu majorities averaging 67.62% (range 62.27\u201374.81%) according to the 2011 census data.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Hindu <hl> population is heavily concentrated in the Manipur valley among the Meetei people.", "paragraph_id": "5d6832562b22cd4dfcfc0664"}
{"question": "What are the glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes?", "paragraph": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "answer": "phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer)", "sentence": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer) .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer) . <hl> In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "paragraph_answer": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are <hl> phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer) <hl>. In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "sentence_answer": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are <hl> phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674fe12b22cd4dfcfbf65c"}
{"question": "What is a lasting consequence of hydraulic mining?", "paragraph": "By 1853, most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations. Hydraulic mining was used on ancient gold-bearing gravel beds on hillsides and bluffs in the gold fields.:89 In hydraulic mining, a high-pressure hose directed a powerful stream or jet of water at gold-bearing gravel beds. By the mid-1880s, it is estimated that 11 million ounces (340 t) of gold (worth approximately US$15 billion at December 2010 prices) had been recovered by \"hydraulicking\". A byproduct of these extraction methods was that large amounts of gravel, silt, heavy metals, and other pollutants went into streams and rivers.:32\u201336 As of 1999[update], many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic mining, since the resulting exposed earth and downstream gravel deposits do not support plant life.:116\u2013121", "answer": "gravel deposits do not support plant life", "sentence": "As of 1999[update], many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic mining, since the resulting exposed earth and downstream gravel deposits do not support plant life .:116\u2013121", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1853, most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations. Hydraulic mining was used on ancient gold-bearing gravel beds on hillsides and bluffs in the gold fields.:89 In hydraulic mining, a high-pressure hose directed a powerful stream or jet of water at gold-bearing gravel beds. By the mid-1880s, it is estimated that 11 million ounces (340 t) of gold (worth approximately US$15 billion at December 2010 prices) had been recovered by \"hydraulicking\". A byproduct of these extraction methods was that large amounts of gravel, silt, heavy metals, and other pollutants went into streams and rivers.:32\u201336 <hl> As of 1999[update], many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic mining, since the resulting exposed earth and downstream gravel deposits do not support plant life .:116\u2013121 <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "By 1853, most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations. Hydraulic mining was used on ancient gold-bearing gravel beds on hillsides and bluffs in the gold fields.:89 In hydraulic mining, a high-pressure hose directed a powerful stream or jet of water at gold-bearing gravel beds. By the mid-1880s, it is estimated that 11 million ounces (340 t) of gold (worth approximately US$15 billion at December 2010 prices) had been recovered by \"hydraulicking\". A byproduct of these extraction methods was that large amounts of gravel, silt, heavy metals, and other pollutants went into streams and rivers.:32\u201336 As of 1999[update], many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic mining, since the resulting exposed earth and downstream <hl> gravel deposits do not support plant life <hl>.:116\u2013121", "sentence_answer": "As of 1999[update], many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic mining, since the resulting exposed earth and downstream <hl> gravel deposits do not support plant life <hl> .:116\u2013121", "paragraph_id": "5d6773722b22cd4dfcfbfc42"}
{"question": "Tacitus described the Mare Suebicum sea as what during the spring months?", "paragraph": "At the time of the Roman Empire, the Baltic Sea was known as the Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum. Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. The Suebi eventually migrated south west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. Jordanes called it the Germanic Sea in his work, the Getica.", "answer": "brackish", "sentence": "Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the time of the Roman Empire, the Baltic Sea was known as the Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum. <hl> Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. <hl> The Suebi eventually migrated south west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. Jordanes called it the Germanic Sea in his work, the Getica.", "paragraph_answer": "At the time of the Roman Empire, the Baltic Sea was known as the Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum. Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a <hl> brackish <hl> sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. The Suebi eventually migrated south west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. Jordanes called it the Germanic Sea in his work, the Getica.", "sentence_answer": "Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a <hl> brackish <hl> sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about.", "paragraph_id": "5d665d252b22cd4dfcfbdc99"}
{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed9b"}
{"question": "What prevents party members from frequently against their own party?", "paragraph": "The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip. Crossing the floor very rarely occurs, but is more likely in the Senate than in the House of Representatives.", "answer": "party discipline", "sentence": "The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. <hl> The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip. Crossing the floor very rarely occurs, but is more likely in the Senate than in the House of Representatives.", "paragraph_answer": "The extent to which <hl> party discipline <hl> determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip. Crossing the floor very rarely occurs, but is more likely in the Senate than in the House of Representatives.", "sentence_answer": "The extent to which <hl> party discipline <hl> determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9bc2b22cd4dfcfbd25e"}
{"question": "In terms of the Neolithic Revolution, what does the term sedentary mean?", "paragraph": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic) societies based in built-up villages and towns. These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "answer": "non-nomadic", "sentence": "During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic ) societies based in built-up villages and towns.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. <hl> During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning non-nomadic ) societies based in built-up villages and towns. <hl> These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "paragraph_answer": "The Neolithic Revolution involved far more than the adoption of a limited set of food-producing techniques. During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning <hl> non-nomadic <hl>) societies based in built-up villages and towns. These societies radically modified their natural environment by means of specialized food-crop cultivation (e.g., irrigation and deforestation) which allowed extensive surplus food production.", "sentence_answer": "During the next millennia it would transform the small and mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that had hitherto dominated human pre-history into sedentary (here meaning <hl> non-nomadic <hl> ) societies based in built-up villages and towns.", "paragraph_id": "5d673a092b22cd4dfcfbf312"}
{"question": "What was an industry that experienced more hurt than benefit from deregulation?", "paragraph": "Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed]  According to Cato Institute, an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, the electricity industry being a prime example. For example, in banking, Cato Institute believes some deregulation allowed banks to compete across state lines, increasing consumer choice, while an actual increase in regulators and regulations forced banks to do business the way central government regulators commanded, including making loans to individuals incapable of repaying them, leading eventually to the financial crisis of 2007\u20132008.[unreliable source?]", "answer": "the electricity industry", "sentence": "Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed]  According to Cato Institute, an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, the electricity industry being a prime example.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed] According to Cato Institute, an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, the electricity industry being a prime example. <hl> For example, in banking, Cato Institute believes some deregulation allowed banks to compete across state lines, increasing consumer choice, while an actual increase in regulators and regulations forced banks to do business the way central government regulators commanded, including making loans to individuals incapable of repaying them, leading eventually to the financial crisis of 2007\u20132008.[unreliable source?]", "paragraph_answer": "Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed] According to Cato Institute, an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, <hl> the electricity industry <hl> being a prime example. For example, in banking, Cato Institute believes some deregulation allowed banks to compete across state lines, increasing consumer choice, while an actual increase in regulators and regulations forced banks to do business the way central government regulators commanded, including making loans to individuals incapable of repaying them, leading eventually to the financial crisis of 2007\u20132008.[unreliable source?]", "sentence_answer": "Since the 1970s there has been deregulation of some industries, like banking, trucking, airlines and telecommunications which resulted generally in more competition and lower prices.[citation needed] According to Cato Institute, an American libertarian think-tank, some industries deregulation of aspects of an industry were offset by more ambitious regulations elsewhere that hurt consumers, <hl> the electricity industry <hl> being a prime example.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c46e2b22cd4dfcfbcc41"}
{"question": "Where did Marcel Mule teach music?", "paragraph": "The classical  saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "answer": "Conservatoire de Paris", "sentence": "Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris , were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded.", "paragraph_sentence": "The classical saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. <hl> Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris , were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. <hl> The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The classical saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the <hl> Conservatoire de Paris <hl>, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the <hl> Conservatoire de Paris <hl> , were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725f22b22cd4dfcfbf0de"}
{"question": "Which saxophones use a curved neck above the highest tone hole?", "paragraph": "The simplest design of saxophone is a straight conical tube, and the sopranino and soprano saxophones are usually of this straight design. However, as the lower-pitched instruments would be unacceptably long if straight, for ergonomic reasons, the larger instruments usually incorporate a U-bend (\"bow\") at, or slightly above, the third-lowest tone hole. As this would cause the bell of the instrument to point almost directly upward, the end of the instrument is either beveled or tilted slightly forward. This U-shape has become a distinctive feature of the saxophone family, to the extent that soprano and even sopranino saxes are sometimes made in the curved style, even though not strictly necessary. By contrast, tenors and even baritones have occasionally been made in the straight style. Most commonly, however, the alto and tenor saxophones incorporate a detachable, curved \"neck\" above the highest tone hole, directing the mouthpiece to the player's mouth while the instrument is held in a playing stance. The baritone, bass and contrabass saxophones accommodate the length of the bore with extra bows and right angle bends between the main body and the mouthpiece.", "answer": "the alto and tenor", "sentence": "Most commonly, however, the alto and tenor saxophones incorporate a detachable, curved \"neck\" above the highest tone hole, directing the mouthpiece to the player's mouth while the instrument is held in a playing stance.", "paragraph_sentence": "The simplest design of saxophone is a straight conical tube, and the sopranino and soprano saxophones are usually of this straight design. However, as the lower-pitched instruments would be unacceptably long if straight, for ergonomic reasons, the larger instruments usually incorporate a U-bend (\"bow\") at, or slightly above, the third-lowest tone hole. As this would cause the bell of the instrument to point almost directly upward, the end of the instrument is either beveled or tilted slightly forward. This U-shape has become a distinctive feature of the saxophone family, to the extent that soprano and even sopranino saxes are sometimes made in the curved style, even though not strictly necessary. By contrast, tenors and even baritones have occasionally been made in the straight style. <hl> Most commonly, however, the alto and tenor saxophones incorporate a detachable, curved \"neck\" above the highest tone hole, directing the mouthpiece to the player's mouth while the instrument is held in a playing stance. <hl> The baritone, bass and contrabass saxophones accommodate the length of the bore with extra bows and right angle bends between the main body and the mouthpiece.", "paragraph_answer": "The simplest design of saxophone is a straight conical tube, and the sopranino and soprano saxophones are usually of this straight design. However, as the lower-pitched instruments would be unacceptably long if straight, for ergonomic reasons, the larger instruments usually incorporate a U-bend (\"bow\") at, or slightly above, the third-lowest tone hole. As this would cause the bell of the instrument to point almost directly upward, the end of the instrument is either beveled or tilted slightly forward. This U-shape has become a distinctive feature of the saxophone family, to the extent that soprano and even sopranino saxes are sometimes made in the curved style, even though not strictly necessary. By contrast, tenors and even baritones have occasionally been made in the straight style. Most commonly, however, <hl> the alto and tenor <hl> saxophones incorporate a detachable, curved \"neck\" above the highest tone hole, directing the mouthpiece to the player's mouth while the instrument is held in a playing stance. The baritone, bass and contrabass saxophones accommodate the length of the bore with extra bows and right angle bends between the main body and the mouthpiece.", "sentence_answer": "Most commonly, however, <hl> the alto and tenor <hl> saxophones incorporate a detachable, curved \"neck\" above the highest tone hole, directing the mouthpiece to the player's mouth while the instrument is held in a playing stance.", "paragraph_id": "5d6765262b22cd4dfcfbf9c4"}
{"question": "What was in Samuel Brannan's hand as he strode through the streets of San Francisco?", "paragraph": "The California Gold Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma, in the western foothills of the Sierra. On January 24, 1848 James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill Marshall was building for Sutter on the American River. Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold, shouting \"Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!\"", "answer": "vial of gold", "sentence": "Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold , shouting \"Gold!", "paragraph_sentence": "The California Gold Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma, in the western foothills of the Sierra. On January 24, 1848 James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill Marshall was building for Sutter on the American River. Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. <hl> Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold , shouting \"Gold! <hl> Gold! Gold from the American River!\"", "paragraph_answer": "The California Gold Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma, in the western foothills of the Sierra. On January 24, 1848 James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill Marshall was building for Sutter on the American River. Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a <hl> vial of gold <hl>, shouting \"Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!\"", "sentence_answer": "Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a <hl> vial of gold <hl> , shouting \"Gold!", "paragraph_id": "5d67084b2b22cd4dfcfbeb6a"}
{"question": "By how many votes did Joe Lieberman and Al gore lose in the Electoral College?", "paragraph": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College.\nIn the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center.\nIn 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "answer": "five votes", "sentence": "Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. <hl> Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. <hl> In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell <hl> five votes <hl> short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "sentence_answer": "Gore and Lieberman fell <hl> five votes <hl> short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College.", "paragraph_id": "5d66192a2b22cd4dfcfbd88a"}
{"question": "Who were Plautus and Terence?", "paragraph": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "answer": "comic playwrights", "sentence": "Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. <hl> Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. <hl> Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "paragraph_answer": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of <hl> comic playwrights <hl> like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "sentence_answer": "Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of <hl> comic playwrights <hl> like Plautus and Terence.", "paragraph_id": "5d661f6e2b22cd4dfcfbd96f"}
{"question": "In 1841, The Sunday Times became one of the first to serialize what type of publication?", "paragraph": "Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel: William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's.", "answer": "a novel", "sentence": "Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel : William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise a novel : William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise <hl> a novel <hl>: William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's.", "sentence_answer": "Under its new owner, The Sunday Times notched up several firsts: a wood engraving it published of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838 was the largest illustration to have appeared in a British newspaper; in 1841, it became one of the first papers to serialise <hl> a novel <hl> : William Harrison Ainsworth's Old St Paul's.", "paragraph_id": "5d6756e32b22cd4dfcfbf78a"}
{"question": "How are the items alphabetized?", "paragraph": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers, the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "answer": "in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers", "sentence": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers , the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers , the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and <hl> in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers <hl>, the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "sentence_answer": "In English, although the usual order of names is \"first middle last\" for the purpose of cataloging in libraries and <hl> in citing the names of authors in scholarly papers <hl> , the order is changed to \"last, first middle,\" with the last and first names separated by a comma, and items are alphabetized by the last name.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a6d92b22cd4dfcfbff1f"}
{"question": "What age do Republicans who support legal recognition of same-sex marriage fall in?", "paragraph": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "answer": "under the age of 49", "sentence": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents under the age of 49 supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. <hl> Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "paragraph_answer": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents <hl> under the age of 49 <hl> supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party. Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich has remarked that the \"Party is going to be torn on this issue\" with some constituents \"going to flake off\". A Reuters/Ipsos survey from April 2015 found that 68% of Americans overall would attend the same-sex wedding of a loved one, with 56% of Republicans agreeing. Reuters journalist Jeff Mason remarked that \"Republicans who stake out strong opposition to gay marriage could be on shaky political ground if their ultimate goal is to win the White House\" given the divide between the social conservative stalwarts and the rest of the U.S. that opposes them.", "sentence_answer": "With a majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents <hl> under the age of 49 <hl> supporting legal recognition of same-sex marriages versus the opposition remaining from those over 50, the issue remains a particular divide within the Party.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d8b02b22cd4dfcfc02fe"}
{"question": "How large was the lot that an average tenement stood on?", "paragraph": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "answer": "25x100", "sentence": "Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants.", "paragraph_sentence": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. <hl> Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical 25x100 lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. <hl> By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "paragraph_answer": "The rise of immigration near the turn of the 20th century left major portions of Manhattan, especially the Lower East Side, densely packed with recent arrivals, crammed into unhealthy and unsanitary housing. Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical <hl> 25x100 <hl> lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants. By 1929, stricter fire codes and the increased use of elevators in residential buildings, were the impetus behind a new housing code that effectively ended the tenement as a form of new construction, though many tenement buildings survive today on the East Side of the borough.", "sentence_answer": "Tenements were usually five-stories high, constructed on the then-typical <hl> 25x100 <hl> lots, with \"cockroach landlords\" exploiting the new immigrants.", "paragraph_id": "5d673ba22b22cd4dfcfbf379"}
{"question": "who received the bulk of the support", "paragraph": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "answer": "the Partisans", "sentence": "The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support.", "paragraph_sentence": "His reports contained two important observations. <hl> The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. <hl> The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "paragraph_answer": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that <hl> the Partisans <hl> were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "sentence_answer": "The first was that <hl> the Partisans <hl> were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support.", "paragraph_id": "5d680c4b2b22cd4dfcfc0527"}
{"question": "What year did the economy increase a sharp amount?", "paragraph": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "answer": "early 1933.", "sentence": "After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. <hl> After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. <hl> In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "paragraph_answer": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in <hl> early 1933. <hl> However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "sentence_answer": "After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in <hl> early 1933. <hl> However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940.", "paragraph_id": "5d673d9c2b22cd4dfcfbf3ba"}
{"question": "The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission started in what year?", "paragraph": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "answer": "1965", "sentence": "The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. <hl> The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". <hl> The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in <hl> 1965 <hl> of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "sentence_answer": "The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in <hl> 1965 <hl> of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6725a32b22cd4dfcfbf0b8"}
{"question": "1,712 surnames covers what percentage of the population in the United States?", "paragraph": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "answer": "50%", "sentence": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. <hl> Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "paragraph_answer": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover <hl> 50% <hl> of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "sentence_answer": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover <hl> 50% <hl> of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725962b22cd4dfcfbf0ab"}
{"question": "What kind of functions are developed to find derivations quickly?", "paragraph": "Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but computationally infeasible for many systems of interest in mathematics. Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "answer": "heuristic functions", "sentence": "Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "paragraph_sentence": "Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but computationally infeasible for many systems of interest in mathematics. <hl> Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but computationally infeasible for many systems of interest in mathematics. Thus complicated <hl> heuristic functions <hl> are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "sentence_answer": "Thus complicated <hl> heuristic functions <hl> are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674c32b22cd4dfcfbdfb2"}
{"question": "In the 1950s who dominated the presidential wing in New England?", "paragraph": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "answer": "moderates", "sentence": "The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states.", "paragraph_sentence": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. <hl> The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. <hl> From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "paragraph_answer": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The <hl> moderates <hl> tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> moderates <hl> tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states.", "paragraph_id": "5d6753a92b22cd4dfcfbf722"}
{"question": "How many years of degree is accepted by University Grants Commission for practicing medicine?", "paragraph": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha. The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). M.D (Ayu)(Ayurveda vachaspati) can be done after B.A.M.S, as a speciality, and it takes 3 years (including submission of a thesis) to complete the course. Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "answer": "6-year", "sentence": "The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka).", "paragraph_sentence": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha. <hl> The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). <hl> M.D (Ayu)(Ayurveda vachaspati) can be done after B.A.M.S, as a speciality, and it takes 3 years (including submission of a thesis) to complete the course. Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "paragraph_answer": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha. The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are <hl> 6-year <hl> degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). M.D (Ayu)(Ayurveda vachaspati) can be done after B.A.M.S, as a speciality, and it takes 3 years (including submission of a thesis) to complete the course. Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "sentence_answer": "The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are <hl> 6-year <hl> degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka).", "paragraph_id": "5d66532b2b22cd4dfcfbdc23"}
{"question": "What were the two styles of pie and food safes meant for?", "paragraph": "In America, pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration. These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs. These cabinets had tinplate inserts in the doors and sometimes in the sides, punched out by the homeowner, cabinetmaker or a tinsmith in varying designs to allow for air circulation. Modern reproductions of these articles remain popular in North America.", "answer": "to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs", "sentence": "These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs .", "paragraph_sentence": "In America, pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration. <hl> These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs . <hl> These cabinets had tinplate inserts in the doors and sometimes in the sides, punched out by the homeowner, cabinetmaker or a tinsmith in varying designs to allow for air circulation. Modern reproductions of these articles remain popular in North America.", "paragraph_answer": "In America, pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration. These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant <hl> to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs <hl>. These cabinets had tinplate inserts in the doors and sometimes in the sides, punched out by the homeowner, cabinetmaker or a tinsmith in varying designs to allow for air circulation. Modern reproductions of these articles remain popular in North America.", "sentence_answer": "These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant <hl> to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67c06b2b22cd4dfcfc015f"}
{"question": "What are some of the associated costs of the slave trade?", "paragraph": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d in academia. David Richardson has concluded that the profits from the slave trade amounted to less than 1% of domestic investment in Britain. Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. Engerman\u2019s 5% figure gives as much as possible in terms of benefit of the doubt to the Williams argument, not solely because it does not take into account the associated costs of the slave trade to Britain, but also because it carries the full-employment assumption from economics and holds the gross value of slave trade profits as a direct contribution to Britain\u2019s national income. Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before.", "answer": "shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs", "sentence": "Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs ) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d in academia. David Richardson has concluded that the profits from the slave trade amounted to less than 1% of domestic investment in Britain. <hl> Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs ) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. <hl> Engerman\u2019s 5% figure gives as much as possible in terms of benefit of the doubt to the Williams argument, not solely because it does not take into account the associated costs of the slave trade to Britain, but also because it carries the full-employment assumption from economics and holds the gross value of slave trade profits as a direct contribution to Britain\u2019s national income. Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before.", "paragraph_answer": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d in academia. David Richardson has concluded that the profits from the slave trade amounted to less than 1% of domestic investment in Britain. Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., <hl> shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs <hl>) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. Engerman\u2019s 5% figure gives as much as possible in terms of benefit of the doubt to the Williams argument, not solely because it does not take into account the associated costs of the slave trade to Britain, but also because it carries the full-employment assumption from economics and holds the gross value of slave trade profits as a direct contribution to Britain\u2019s national income. Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before.", "sentence_answer": "Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., <hl> shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs <hl> ) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b9752b22cd4dfcfbe462"}
{"question": "A location name like Lucci could mean what?", "paragraph": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for \"hill\") or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations. \"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \"resident of Lucca.\" Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway. This is thought to be due to the tendency in Europe during the Middle Ages for migration to chiefly be from smaller communities to the cities and the need for new arrivals to choose a defining surname.", "answer": "resident of Lucca", "sentence": "\"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \" resident of Lucca .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for \"hill\") or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations. <hl> \"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \" resident of Lucca .\" <hl> Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway. This is thought to be due to the tendency in Europe during the Middle Ages for migration to chiefly be from smaller communities to the cities and the need for new arrivals to choose a defining surname.", "paragraph_answer": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for \"hill\") or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations. \"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \"<hl> resident of Lucca <hl>.\" Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway. This is thought to be due to the tendency in Europe during the Middle Ages for migration to chiefly be from smaller communities to the cities and the need for new arrivals to choose a defining surname.", "sentence_answer": "\"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \" <hl> resident of Lucca <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d673b4d2b22cd4dfcfbf342"}
{"question": "What is the name of Jorge Luis Borges's short story published in 1939?", "paragraph": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody. Samuel Beckett is sometimes seen as an important precursor and influence. Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov, William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "answer": "Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote", "sentence": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote , is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote , is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody. <hl> Samuel Beckett is sometimes seen as an important precursor and influence. Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov, William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "paragraph_answer": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story <hl> Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote <hl>, is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody. Samuel Beckett is sometimes seen as an important precursor and influence. Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov, William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "sentence_answer": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story <hl> Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote <hl> , is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody.", "paragraph_id": "5d67750b2b22cd4dfcfbfc8a"}
{"question": "Who is NTV partnered with?", "paragraph": "TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in 1999. The Istanbul-based business and entertainment channel CNBC-e began broadcasting in 2000.", "answer": "MSNBC", "sentence": "Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC )", "paragraph_sentence": "TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. <hl> Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC ) <hl> and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in 1999. The Istanbul-based business and entertainment channel CNBC-e began broadcasting in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet <hl> MSNBC <hl>) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in 1999. The Istanbul-based business and entertainment channel CNBC-e began broadcasting in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet <hl> MSNBC <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d6609422b22cd4dfcfbd675"}
{"question": "What direction do the numbered streets in Manhattan run?", "paragraph": "The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 called for twelve numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the Hudson River, each 100 feet (30 m)* wide, with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side. There are several intermittent avenues east of First Avenue, including four additional lettered avenues running from Avenue A eastward to Avenue D in an area now known as Alphabet City in Manhattan's East Village. The numbered streets in Manhattan run east-west, and are generally 60 feet (18 m)* wide, with about 200 feet (61 m)* between each pair of streets. With each combined street and block adding up to about 260 feet (79 m), there are almost exactly 20 blocks per mile. The typical block in Manhattan is 250 by 600 feet (76 by 183 m).", "answer": "east-west", "sentence": "The numbered streets in Manhattan run east-west , and are generally 60 feet (18 m)", "paragraph_sentence": "The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 called for twelve numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the Hudson River, each 100 feet (30 m) * wide, with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side. There are several intermittent avenues east of First Avenue, including four additional lettered avenues running from Avenue A eastward to Avenue D in an area now known as Alphabet City in Manhattan's East Village. <hl> The numbered streets in Manhattan run east-west , and are generally 60 feet (18 m) <hl> * wide, with about 200 feet (61 m)* between each pair of streets. With each combined street and block adding up to about 260 feet (79 m), there are almost exactly 20 blocks per mile. The typical block in Manhattan is 250 by 600 feet (76 by 183 m).", "paragraph_answer": "The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 called for twelve numbered avenues running north and south roughly parallel to the shore of the Hudson River, each 100 feet (30 m)* wide, with First Avenue on the east side and Twelfth Avenue on the west side. There are several intermittent avenues east of First Avenue, including four additional lettered avenues running from Avenue A eastward to Avenue D in an area now known as Alphabet City in Manhattan's East Village. The numbered streets in Manhattan run <hl> east-west <hl>, and are generally 60 feet (18 m)* wide, with about 200 feet (61 m)* between each pair of streets. With each combined street and block adding up to about 260 feet (79 m), there are almost exactly 20 blocks per mile. The typical block in Manhattan is 250 by 600 feet (76 by 183 m).", "sentence_answer": "The numbered streets in Manhattan run <hl> east-west <hl> , and are generally 60 feet (18 m)", "paragraph_id": "5d670eb12b22cd4dfcfbec9b"}
{"question": "What is an untouchable organization?", "paragraph": "In 2009, further constitutional amendments were drafted that would make it a crime for non-traditional religious groups to proselytize on adherents of the Apostolic Church. Minority groups would also be banned from spreading 'distrust' in other faiths. These draft amendments were put on hold after strong criticism voiced by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Armenian\nreligious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion\". The Armenian Church defines religious groups operating outside its domain as \"sects\" and, in the words of spokesman Bishop Arshak Khachatrian, considers that \"their activities in Armenia are nothing but a denial of the creed of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is considered the national religion of the Armenian people\". Hrant Bagratyan, former Prime Minister of Armenia, condemned the close association of the Armenian Apostolic Church with the Armenian government, calling the Church an \"untouchable\" organisation that is secretive of its income and expenditure.", "answer": "Armenian Apostolic Church", "sentence": "Armenian\nreligious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2009, further constitutional amendments were drafted that would make it a crime for non-traditional religious groups to proselytize on adherents of the Apostolic Church. Minority groups would also be banned from spreading 'distrust' in other faiths. These draft amendments were put on hold after strong criticism voiced by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. <hl> Armenian religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the Armenian Apostolic Church today wants to have a monopoly on religion\". <hl> The Armenian Church defines religious groups operating outside its domain as \"sects\" and, in the words of spokesman Bishop Arshak Khachatrian, considers that \"their activities in Armenia are nothing but a denial of the creed of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is considered the national religion of the Armenian people\". Hrant Bagratyan, former Prime Minister of Armenia, condemned the close association of the Armenian Apostolic Church with the Armenian government, calling the Church an \"untouchable\" organisation that is secretive of its income and expenditure.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2009, further constitutional amendments were drafted that would make it a crime for non-traditional religious groups to proselytize on adherents of the Apostolic Church. Minority groups would also be banned from spreading 'distrust' in other faiths. These draft amendments were put on hold after strong criticism voiced by the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Armenian religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the <hl> Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> today wants to have a monopoly on religion\". The Armenian Church defines religious groups operating outside its domain as \"sects\" and, in the words of spokesman Bishop Arshak Khachatrian, considers that \"their activities in Armenia are nothing but a denial of the creed of the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is considered the national religion of the Armenian people\". Hrant Bagratyan, former Prime Minister of Armenia, condemned the close association of the Armenian Apostolic Church with the Armenian government, calling the Church an \"untouchable\" organisation that is secretive of its income and expenditure.", "sentence_answer": "Armenian religious minorities and human rights groups also expressed serious concern over the amendments, with human rights activist Stepan Danielian stating \"the <hl> Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> today wants to have a monopoly on religion\".", "paragraph_id": "5d657c112b22cd4dfcfbc98a"}
{"question": "What building resource was readily available in Pennsylvania but ignored by German and Welsh settlers?", "paragraph": "Much of the architecture of the Middle Colonies reflects the diversity of its peoples. In Albany and New York City, a majority of the buildings were Dutch style with brick exteriors and high gables at each end while many Dutch churches were shaped liked an octagon. Using cut stone to build their houses, German and Welsh settlers in Pennsylvania followed the way of their homeland and completely ignored the plethora of timber in the area. An example of this would be Germantown, Pennsylvania where 80 percent of the buildings in the town were made entirely of stone. On the other hand, settlers from Ireland took advantage of America's ample supply of timber and constructed sturdy log cabins.", "answer": "timber", "sentence": "Using cut stone to build their houses, German and Welsh settlers in Pennsylvania followed the way of their homeland and completely ignored the plethora of timber in the area.", "paragraph_sentence": "Much of the architecture of the Middle Colonies reflects the diversity of its peoples. In Albany and New York City, a majority of the buildings were Dutch style with brick exteriors and high gables at each end while many Dutch churches were shaped liked an octagon. <hl> Using cut stone to build their houses, German and Welsh settlers in Pennsylvania followed the way of their homeland and completely ignored the plethora of timber in the area. <hl> An example of this would be Germantown, Pennsylvania where 80 percent of the buildings in the town were made entirely of stone. On the other hand, settlers from Ireland took advantage of America's ample supply of timber and constructed sturdy log cabins.", "paragraph_answer": "Much of the architecture of the Middle Colonies reflects the diversity of its peoples. In Albany and New York City, a majority of the buildings were Dutch style with brick exteriors and high gables at each end while many Dutch churches were shaped liked an octagon. Using cut stone to build their houses, German and Welsh settlers in Pennsylvania followed the way of their homeland and completely ignored the plethora of <hl> timber <hl> in the area. An example of this would be Germantown, Pennsylvania where 80 percent of the buildings in the town were made entirely of stone. On the other hand, settlers from Ireland took advantage of America's ample supply of timber and constructed sturdy log cabins.", "sentence_answer": "Using cut stone to build their houses, German and Welsh settlers in Pennsylvania followed the way of their homeland and completely ignored the plethora of <hl> timber <hl> in the area.", "paragraph_id": "5d6682ec2b22cd4dfcfbe156"}
{"question": "What two options does the government have if the Senate does not pass legislation that was initiated by the lower house two times in a three-month period?", "paragraph": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it, or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. After a double dissolution election, if the bills in question are reintroduced, and if they again fail to pass the Senate, the Governor-General may agree to a joint sitting of the two houses in an attempt to pass the bills. Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974.", "answer": "abandon the bill or continue to revise it", "sentence": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it , or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it , or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. <hl> In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. After a double dissolution election, if the bills in question are reintroduced, and if they again fail to pass the Senate, the Governor-General may agree to a joint sitting of the two houses in an attempt to pass the bills. Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974.", "paragraph_answer": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either <hl> abandon the bill or continue to revise it <hl>, or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. After a double dissolution election, if the bills in question are reintroduced, and if they again fail to pass the Senate, the Governor-General may agree to a joint sitting of the two houses in an attempt to pass the bills. Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974.", "sentence_answer": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either <hl> abandon the bill or continue to revise it <hl> , or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d3d02b22cd4dfcfbce2c"}
{"question": "Where did first Partisan uprising occur?", "paragraph": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "answer": "Croatia", "sentence": "The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb.", "paragraph_sentence": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. <hl> The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. <hl> An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "paragraph_answer": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. The first Partisan uprising occurred in <hl> Croatia <hl> on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "sentence_answer": "The first Partisan uprising occurred in <hl> Croatia <hl> on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706c62b22cd4dfcfbeb09"}
{"question": "Other than Windows Defender, what does Microsoft Offer for security?", "paragraph": "On January 6, 2005, Microsoft released a Beta version of Microsoft AntiSpyware, based upon the previously released Giant AntiSpyware. On February 14, 2006, Microsoft AntiSpyware became Windows Defender with the release of Beta 2. Windows Defender is a freeware program designed to protect against spyware and other unwanted software. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 users who have genuine copies of Microsoft Windows can freely download the program from Microsoft's web site, and Windows Defender ships as part of Windows Vista and 7. In Windows 8, Windows Defender and Microsoft Security Essentials have been combined into a single program, named Windows Defender. It is based on Microsoft Security Essentials, borrowing its features and user interface. Although it is enabled by default, it can be turned off to use another anti-virus solution. Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner are two other free security products offered by Microsoft.", "answer": "Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner", "sentence": "Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner are two other free security products offered by Microsoft.", "paragraph_sentence": "On January 6, 2005, Microsoft released a Beta version of Microsoft AntiSpyware, based upon the previously released Giant AntiSpyware. On February 14, 2006, Microsoft AntiSpyware became Windows Defender with the release of Beta 2. Windows Defender is a freeware program designed to protect against spyware and other unwanted software. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 users who have genuine copies of Microsoft Windows can freely download the program from Microsoft's web site, and Windows Defender ships as part of Windows Vista and 7. In Windows 8, Windows Defender and Microsoft Security Essentials have been combined into a single program, named Windows Defender. It is based on Microsoft Security Essentials, borrowing its features and user interface. Although it is enabled by default, it can be turned off to use another anti-virus solution. <hl> Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner are two other free security products offered by Microsoft. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On January 6, 2005, Microsoft released a Beta version of Microsoft AntiSpyware, based upon the previously released Giant AntiSpyware. On February 14, 2006, Microsoft AntiSpyware became Windows Defender with the release of Beta 2. Windows Defender is a freeware program designed to protect against spyware and other unwanted software. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 users who have genuine copies of Microsoft Windows can freely download the program from Microsoft's web site, and Windows Defender ships as part of Windows Vista and 7. In Windows 8, Windows Defender and Microsoft Security Essentials have been combined into a single program, named Windows Defender. It is based on Microsoft Security Essentials, borrowing its features and user interface. Although it is enabled by default, it can be turned off to use another anti-virus solution. <hl> Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner <hl> are two other free security products offered by Microsoft.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner <hl> are two other free security products offered by Microsoft.", "paragraph_id": "5d6732fc2b22cd4dfcfbf25c"}
{"question": "What were the long vowels marked by?", "paragraph": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels. During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "answer": "the apex", "sentence": "During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex , which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "paragraph_sentence": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels. <hl> During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex , which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels. During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using <hl> the apex <hl>, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "sentence_answer": "During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using <hl> the apex <hl> , which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "paragraph_id": "5d6603cb2b22cd4dfcfbd593"}
{"question": "What consumer goods company's headquarters is located in Rotterdam?", "paragraph": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever, asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture.\nIt is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer, logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon.", "answer": "Unilever", "sentence": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever , asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever , asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture. <hl> It is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer, logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon.", "paragraph_answer": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company <hl> Unilever <hl>, asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture. It is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer, logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon.", "sentence_answer": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company <hl> Unilever <hl> , asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b7392b22cd4dfcfc000f"}
{"question": "How many rivers deposit into Loktak lake?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area", "sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. <hl> The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Almost all the rivers in the valley area <hl> are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Almost all the rivers in the valley area <hl> are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake.", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebb0"}
{"question": "What was the life expectancy of a 15-year-old boy in 1700?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "63", "sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63 )", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63 ) <hl> . As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about <hl> 63 <hl>). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about <hl> 63 <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0692b22cd4dfcfbcb69"}
{"question": "Many popular modern books were translated into what language?", "paragraph": "Latin translations of modern literature such as The Hobbit, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, The Adventures of Tintin, Asterix, Harry Potter, Walter the Farting Dog, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, \"fabulae mirabiles,\" are intended to garner popular interest in the language. Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissner's Latin Phrasebook.", "answer": "Latin", "sentence": "Latin translations of modern literature such as The Hobbit, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, The Adventures of Tintin, Asterix, Harry Potter, Walter the Farting Dog, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!,", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Latin translations of modern literature such as The Hobbit, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, The Adventures of Tintin, Asterix, Harry Potter, Walter the Farting Dog, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, <hl> The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, \"fabulae mirabiles,\" are intended to garner popular interest in the language. Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissner's Latin Phrasebook.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Latin <hl> translations of modern literature such as The Hobbit, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, The Adventures of Tintin, Asterix, Harry Potter, Walter the Farting Dog, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, \"fabulae mirabiles,\" are intended to garner popular interest in the language. Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissner's Latin Phrasebook.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Latin <hl> translations of modern literature such as The Hobbit, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, The Adventures of Tintin, Asterix, Harry Potter, Walter the Farting Dog, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!,", "paragraph_id": "5d66235a2b22cd4dfcfbd9d1"}
{"question": "What other names were it called during the time of Roman rule?", "paragraph": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter  widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "answer": "Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome),", "sentence": "He also attempted to promote the name \" Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter  widespread usage.", "paragraph_sentence": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". <hl> He also attempted to promote the name \" Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter widespread usage. <hl> Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "paragraph_answer": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"<hl> Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), <hl> but this did not enter widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "sentence_answer": "He also attempted to promote the name \" <hl> Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), <hl> but this did not enter widespread usage.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1972b22cd4dfcfbd0d0"}
{"question": "What is Skid Row?", "paragraph": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "answer": "50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles", "sentence": "The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row.", "paragraph_sentence": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. <hl> The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. <hl> It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "paragraph_answer": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the <hl> 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles <hl> informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "sentence_answer": "The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the <hl> 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles <hl> informally known as Skid Row.", "paragraph_id": "5d665fc62b22cd4dfcfbdcea"}
{"question": "Why would someone petition for trade adjustment assistance", "paragraph": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade. This represents a fraction of jobs actually off-shored and does not include jobs that are placed overseas initially or the collateral impact on surrounding businesses when, for example, a manufacturing plant moves overseas. During 2011, there were 98,379 workers covered by petitions filed with ETA. The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008.", "answer": "due to jobs lost from international trade", "sentence": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, due to jobs lost from international trade . <hl> This represents a fraction of jobs actually off-shored and does not include jobs that are placed overseas initially or the collateral impact on surrounding businesses when, for example, a manufacturing plant moves overseas. During 2011, there were 98,379 workers covered by petitions filed with ETA. The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008.", "paragraph_answer": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, <hl> due to jobs lost from international trade <hl>. This represents a fraction of jobs actually off-shored and does not include jobs that are placed overseas initially or the collateral impact on surrounding businesses when, for example, a manufacturing plant moves overseas. During 2011, there were 98,379 workers covered by petitions filed with ETA. The figure was 280,873 in 2010, 201,053 in 2009 and 126,633 in 2008.", "sentence_answer": "The Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) prepares an annual report on those petitioning for trade adjustment assistance, <hl> due to jobs lost from international trade <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5102b22cd4dfcfbe779"}
{"question": "Are reliefs made only in one style?", "paragraph": "There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field, for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used.  The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements.  There is also sunk relief, which was mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below).  However the distinction between high relief and low relief is the clearest and most important, and these two are generally the only terms used to discuss most work.", "answer": "There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field", "sentence": "There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field , for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field , for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used. <hl> The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements. There is also sunk relief, which was mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below). However the distinction between high relief and low relief is the clearest and most important, and these two are generally the only terms used to discuss most work.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field <hl>, for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used. The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements. There is also sunk relief, which was mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below). However the distinction between high relief and low relief is the clearest and most important, and these two are generally the only terms used to discuss most work.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field <hl> , for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4cd2b22cd4dfcfbe770"}
{"question": "Where did the Magallanes Basin start out at?", "paragraph": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.\nThe Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "answer": "in the Mesozoic", "sentence": "Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "paragraph_sentence": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. <hl> Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin <hl> in the Mesozoic <hl> to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "sentence_answer": "Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin <hl> in the Mesozoic <hl> to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66864f2b22cd4dfcfbe1b0"}
{"question": "What do proponents of modular programming advocate?", "paragraph": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "answer": "that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code", "sentence": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code . <hl> For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "paragraph_answer": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate <hl> that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code <hl>. For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "sentence_answer": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate <hl> that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67e04a2b22cd4dfcfc036c"}
{"question": "What type of music do postmodern composers create?", "paragraph": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "answer": "music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies", "sentence": "Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies , whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism.", "paragraph_sentence": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. <hl> Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies , whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. <hl> Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "paragraph_answer": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing <hl> music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies <hl>, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "sentence_answer": "Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing <hl> music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies <hl> , whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723b22b22cd4dfcfbf05e"}
{"question": "Other than the degree holders who get selected for the medical school quota for German medical schools?", "paragraph": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "answer": "medical officer candidates", "sentence": "A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "paragraph_sentence": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. <hl> A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for medical officer candidates (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Germany, admission to medical schools is currently administered jointly by the Stiftung f\u00fcr Hochschulzulassung (SfH), a centralized federal organization, and the universities themselves. The most important criterion for admission is the numerus clausus, the final GPA scored by the applicant on the Abitur (highest secondary school diploma). However, in light of the recent gain in influence of medical schools in regards to applicant selection, additional criteria are being used to select students for admission. These criteria vary among medical faculties and the final Abitur GPA is always a core indicator and strongly influences admission. Admission remains highly competitive. A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for <hl> medical officer candidates <hl> (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "sentence_answer": "A very small number of slots per semester are reserved for selected applicants which already hold a university degree (Zweitstudium) and for <hl> medical officer candidates <hl> (Sanit\u00e4tsoffizieranw\u00e4rter).", "paragraph_id": "5d65d44a2b22cd4dfcfbce40"}
{"question": "What happened to only Slovenia in WWII?", "paragraph": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "answer": "absorption and annexation", "sentence": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 absorption and annexation into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. <hl> As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "paragraph_answer": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 <hl> absorption and annexation <hl> into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary. As the very existence of the Slovene nation was threatened, the Slovene support for the Partisan movement was much more solid than in Croatia or Serbia. An emphasis on the defence of ethnic identity was shown by naming the troops after important Slovene poets and writers, following the example of the Ivan Cankar battalion.", "sentence_answer": "Slovenia was during WWII in a unique situation in Europe, only Greece shared its experience of being trisected, however, Slovenia was the only one that experienced a further step \u2014 <hl> absorption and annexation <hl> into neighboring Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Hungary.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725b02b22cd4dfcfbf0bf"}
{"question": "Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be a part of what other movement?", "paragraph": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "answer": "postmodernist", "sentence": "Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not.", "paragraph_sentence": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. <hl> Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined postmodernist movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. <hl> Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "paragraph_answer": "Structuralism was a philosophical movement developed by French academics in the 1950s, partly in response to French Existentialism. It has been seen variously as an expression of Modernism, High modernism, or postmodernism[by whom?]. \"Post-structuralists\" were thinkers who moved away from the strict interpretations and applications of structuralist ideas. Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined <hl> postmodernist <hl> movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not. Thinkers who have been called structuralists include the anthropologist Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss, the linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the semiotician Algirdas Greimas. The early writings of the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and the literary theorist Roland Barthes have also been called structuralist. Those who began as structuralists but became post-structuralists include Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze. Other post-structuralists include Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard, Julia Kristeva, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Cixous, and Luce Irigaray. The American cultural theorists, critics and intellectuals whom they influenced include Judith Butler, John Fiske, Rosalind Krauss, Avital Ronell, and Hayden White.", "sentence_answer": "Many American academics consider post-structuralism to be part of the broader, less well-defined <hl> postmodernist <hl> movement, even though many post-structuralists insisted it was not.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ca1a2b22cd4dfcfc0232"}
{"question": "What, specifically, is used to track crime in New York here?", "paragraph": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s.  Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "answer": "CompStat", "sentence": " Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile.", "paragraph_sentence": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s. <hl> Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. <hl> A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s. Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the <hl> CompStat <hl> profile. A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "sentence_answer": " Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the <hl> CompStat <hl> profile.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b762b22cd4dfcfbf35c"}
{"question": "What company developed NT OS/2?", "paragraph": "In November 1988, a new development team within Microsoft (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as \"NT OS/2\". NT OS/2 was intended to be a secure, multi-user operating system with POSIX compatibility and a modular, portable kernel with preemptive multitasking and support for multiple processor architectures. However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as Win32 instead of those of OS/2. Win32 maintained a similar structure to the Windows APIs (allowing existing Windows applications to easily be ported to the platform), but also supported the capabilities of the existing NT kernel. Following its approval by Microsoft's staff, development continued on what was now Windows NT, the first 32-bit version of Windows. However, IBM objected to the changes, and ultimately continued OS/2 development on its own.", "answer": "Microsoft", "sentence": "In November 1988, a new development team within Microsoft (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as \"NT OS/2\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In November 1988, a new development team within Microsoft (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as \"NT OS/2\". <hl> NT OS/2 was intended to be a secure, multi-user operating system with POSIX compatibility and a modular, portable kernel with preemptive multitasking and support for multiple processor architectures. However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as Win32 instead of those of OS/2. Win32 maintained a similar structure to the Windows APIs (allowing existing Windows applications to easily be ported to the platform), but also supported the capabilities of the existing NT kernel. Following its approval by Microsoft's staff, development continued on what was now Windows NT, the first 32-bit version of Windows. However, IBM objected to the changes, and ultimately continued OS/2 development on its own.", "paragraph_answer": "In November 1988, a new development team within <hl> Microsoft <hl> (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as \"NT OS/2\". NT OS/2 was intended to be a secure, multi-user operating system with POSIX compatibility and a modular, portable kernel with preemptive multitasking and support for multiple processor architectures. However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as Win32 instead of those of OS/2. Win32 maintained a similar structure to the Windows APIs (allowing existing Windows applications to easily be ported to the platform), but also supported the capabilities of the existing NT kernel. Following its approval by Microsoft's staff, development continued on what was now Windows NT, the first 32-bit version of Windows. However, IBM objected to the changes, and ultimately continued OS/2 development on its own.", "sentence_answer": "In November 1988, a new development team within <hl> Microsoft <hl> (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as \"NT OS/2\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6711662b22cd4dfcfbed52"}
{"question": "How many small shopping centres are there in the city centre?", "paragraph": "There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre. The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street. It is quite small and contains a number of chain stores and a supermarket. The Westgate Shopping Centre is to undergo a large and controversial refurbishment; the plans involve tripling the size of the centre to 750,000 sq ft (70,000 m2), a new 1,335 space underground car park and 90 new shops and bars, including a 230,000 sq ft (21,000 m2) John Lewis department store. There is to be a new and improved transport system, a complete refurbishment of the existing centre and the surrounding Bonn Square area. The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011, although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "answer": "two", "sentence": "There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre. <hl> The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street. It is quite small and contains a number of chain stores and a supermarket. The Westgate Shopping Centre is to undergo a large and controversial refurbishment; the plans involve tripling the size of the centre to 750,000 sq ft (70,000 m2), a new 1,335 space underground car park and 90 new shops and bars, including a 230,000 sq ft (21,000 m2) John Lewis department store. There is to be a new and improved transport system, a complete refurbishment of the existing centre and the surrounding Bonn Square area. The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011, although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "paragraph_answer": "There are <hl> two <hl> small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre. The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street. It is quite small and contains a number of chain stores and a supermarket. The Westgate Shopping Centre is to undergo a large and controversial refurbishment; the plans involve tripling the size of the centre to 750,000 sq ft (70,000 m2), a new 1,335 space underground car park and 90 new shops and bars, including a 230,000 sq ft (21,000 m2) John Lewis department store. There is to be a new and improved transport system, a complete refurbishment of the existing centre and the surrounding Bonn Square area. The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011, although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "sentence_answer": "There are <hl> two <hl> small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750922b22cd4dfcfbf688"}
{"question": "What did President Obama advocate raising in February of 2013?", "paragraph": "President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. In fact, leading economists like Lawrence Katz, Richard Freeman, and Laura Tyson and businesses like Costco, Wal-Mart, and Stride Rite have supported past increases to the minimum wage, in part because increasing worker productivity and purchasing power for consumers will also help the overall economy.\"", "answer": "minimum wage", "sentence": "President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. <hl> In fact, leading economists like Lawrence Katz, Richard Freeman, and Laura Tyson and businesses like Costco, Wal-Mart, and Stride Rite have supported past increases to the minimum wage, in part because increasing worker productivity and purchasing power for consumers will also help the overall economy.\"", "paragraph_answer": "President Obama advocated raising the <hl> minimum wage <hl> during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. In fact, leading economists like Lawrence Katz, Richard Freeman, and Laura Tyson and businesses like Costco, Wal-Mart, and Stride Rite have supported past increases to the minimum wage, in part because increasing worker productivity and purchasing power for consumers will also help the overall economy.\"", "sentence_answer": "President Obama advocated raising the <hl> minimum wage <hl> during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b1812b22cd4dfcfbffb2"}
{"question": "How many national championships has Pitt football won?", "paragraph": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "answer": "nine", "sentence": "Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "paragraph_sentence": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. <hl> Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed <hl> nine <hl> National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "sentence_answer": "Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed <hl> nine <hl> National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8772b22cd4dfcfbe87d"}
{"question": "When did the NHL play against the USSR?", "paragraph": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "answer": "the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87.", "sentence": "Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. <hl> Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. <hl> The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "paragraph_answer": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: <hl> the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. <hl> The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "sentence_answer": "Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: <hl> the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. <hl> The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3fa2b22cd4dfcfbd143"}
{"question": "Who suggested that New Guinea and the surrounding areas of Indonesia were a center of early agriculture?", "paragraph": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world.  It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "answer": "Carl Sauer", "sentence": "This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "paragraph_sentence": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world. It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. <hl> This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world. It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of <hl> Carl Sauer <hl> who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "sentence_answer": "This seems to confirm the theories of <hl> Carl Sauer <hl> who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "paragraph_id": "5d6740f62b22cd4dfcfbf406"}
{"question": "Who usually plays the B-flat soprano saxophone in a concert band?", "paragraph": "The saxophone was subsequently introduced into the concert band, which generally calls for the E\u266d alto saxophone, the B\u266d tenor saxophone, and the E\u266d baritone saxophone. The typical high-level[clarification needed] concert band includes two altos, one tenor, and one baritone. The B\u266d soprano saxophone is also occasionally used, in which case it is normally played by the first alto saxophonist. The bass saxophone in B\u266d is called for in some concert band music (especially music by Percy Grainger).[citation needed]", "answer": "the first alto saxophonist", "sentence": "The B\u266d soprano saxophone is also occasionally used, in which case it is normally played by the first alto saxophonist .", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone was subsequently introduced into the concert band, which generally calls for the E\u266d alto saxophone, the B\u266d tenor saxophone, and the E\u266d baritone saxophone. The typical high-level[clarification needed] concert band includes two altos, one tenor, and one baritone. <hl> The B\u266d soprano saxophone is also occasionally used, in which case it is normally played by the first alto saxophonist . <hl> The bass saxophone in B\u266d is called for in some concert band music (especially music by Percy Grainger).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone was subsequently introduced into the concert band, which generally calls for the E\u266d alto saxophone, the B\u266d tenor saxophone, and the E\u266d baritone saxophone. The typical high-level[clarification needed] concert band includes two altos, one tenor, and one baritone. The B\u266d soprano saxophone is also occasionally used, in which case it is normally played by <hl> the first alto saxophonist <hl>. The bass saxophone in B\u266d is called for in some concert band music (especially music by Percy Grainger).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The B\u266d soprano saxophone is also occasionally used, in which case it is normally played by <hl> the first alto saxophonist <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6723a72b22cd4dfcfbf057"}
{"question": "Women were able to integrate into what clubs by changing social attitudes?", "paragraph": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the \"boys' clubs\" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "answer": "the \"boys' clubs\"", "sentence": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the \"boys' clubs\" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the \"boys' clubs\" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. <hl> However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "paragraph_answer": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating <hl> the \"boys' clubs\" <hl> such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "sentence_answer": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating <hl> the \"boys' clubs\" <hl> such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination.", "paragraph_id": "5d677f512b22cd4dfcfbfd7f"}
{"question": "Which states received land back from DC in 1846?", "paragraph": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "answer": "Virginia", "sentence": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia ; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia ; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. <hl> The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "paragraph_answer": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and <hl> Virginia <hl>; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "sentence_answer": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and <hl> Virginia <hl> ; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ee052b22cd4dfcfc0418"}
{"question": "What is the name for a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output?", "paragraph": "In mathematics, a function is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output. An example is the function that relates each real number x to its square x2. The output of a function f corresponding to an input x is denoted by f(x) (read \"f of x\"). In this example, if the input is \u22123, then the output is 9, and we may write f(\u22123) = 9.  Likewise, if the input is 3, then the output is also 9, and we may write f(3) = 9.  (The same output may be produced by more than one input, but each input gives only one output.)  The input variable(s) are sometimes referred to as the argument(s) of the function.", "answer": "function", "sentence": "In mathematics, a function is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In mathematics, a function is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output. <hl> An example is the function that relates each real number x to its square x2. The output of a function f corresponding to an input x is denoted by f(x) (read \"f of x\"). In this example, if the input is \u22123, then the output is 9, and we may write f(\u22123) = 9. Likewise, if the input is 3, then the output is also 9, and we may write f(3) = 9. (The same output may be produced by more than one input, but each input gives only one output.) The input variable(s) are sometimes referred to as the argument(s) of the function.", "paragraph_answer": "In mathematics, a <hl> function <hl> is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output. An example is the function that relates each real number x to its square x2. The output of a function f corresponding to an input x is denoted by f(x) (read \"f of x\"). In this example, if the input is \u22123, then the output is 9, and we may write f(\u22123) = 9. Likewise, if the input is 3, then the output is also 9, and we may write f(3) = 9. (The same output may be produced by more than one input, but each input gives only one output.) The input variable(s) are sometimes referred to as the argument(s) of the function.", "sentence_answer": "In mathematics, a <hl> function <hl> is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property that each input is related to exactly one output.", "paragraph_id": "5d66819d2b22cd4dfcfbe122"}
{"question": "What logic order is connectedness express in?", "paragraph": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges).  Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "answer": "second-order logic", "sentence": "However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic , however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. <hl> However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic , however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in <hl> second-order logic <hl>, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "sentence_answer": "However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in <hl> second-order logic <hl> , however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672932b22cd4dfcfbdf48"}
{"question": "What was another form of Latin spoken alongside classical latin?", "paragraph": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "answer": "Vulgar Latin", "sentence": "Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. <hl> Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. <hl> Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "paragraph_answer": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. <hl> Vulgar Latin <hl> was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Vulgar Latin <hl> was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence.", "paragraph_id": "5d661f6e2b22cd4dfcfbd96e"}
{"question": "How is the Senate's power to reject supply bills or defer their passage characterized?", "paragraph": "The constitutional text denies the Senate the power to originate or amend appropriation bills, in deference to the conventions of the classical Westminster system. Under a traditional Westminster system, the executive government is responsible for its use of public funds to the lower house, which has the power to bring down a government by blocking its access to supply \u2013 i.e. revenue appropriated through taxation. The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities.", "answer": "contentious and powerful", "sentence": "The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities.", "paragraph_sentence": "The constitutional text denies the Senate the power to originate or amend appropriation bills, in deference to the conventions of the classical Westminster system. Under a traditional Westminster system, the executive government is responsible for its use of public funds to the lower house, which has the power to bring down a government by blocking its access to supply \u2013 i.e. revenue appropriated through taxation. <hl> The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The constitutional text denies the Senate the power to originate or amend appropriation bills, in deference to the conventions of the classical Westminster system. Under a traditional Westminster system, the executive government is responsible for its use of public funds to the lower house, which has the power to bring down a government by blocking its access to supply \u2013 i.e. revenue appropriated through taxation. The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most <hl> contentious and powerful <hl> abilities.", "sentence_answer": "The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most <hl> contentious and powerful <hl> abilities.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5362b22cd4dfcfbce60"}
{"question": "What was the commending language of the Slovene Partisans before the last month of WWII?", "paragraph": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "answer": "Slovene language", "sentence": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. <hl> From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and <hl> Slovene language <hl> as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and <hl> Slovene language <hl> as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language.", "paragraph_id": "5d67971f2b22cd4dfcfbfe9e"}
{"question": "Who does the Armenian church say gave them apostolic succession?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus.  According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "answer": "Bartholomew and Thaddeus.", "sentence": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus.  According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. <hl> Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "paragraph_answer": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles <hl> Bartholomew and Thaddeus. <hl> According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "sentence_answer": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles <hl> Bartholomew and Thaddeus. <hl> According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD.", "paragraph_id": "5d6586b02b22cd4dfcfbc9fc"}
{"question": "The northern Andean segment has been rotated how?", "paragraph": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "answer": "15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively", "sentence": "The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. <hl> The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively . <hl> The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated <hl> 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively <hl>. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "sentence_answer": "The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated <hl> 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6598af2b22cd4dfcfbca6c"}
{"question": "What was the first alloy used on a large scale?", "paragraph": "The first alloy used on a large scale since 3000 BC was bronze, an alloy of tin and copper. After 600 BC, pure metallic tin was produced. Pewter, which is an alloy of 85\u201390% tin with the remainder commonly consisting of copper, antimony and lead, was used for flatware from the Bronze Age until the 20th century. In modern times, tin is used in many alloys, most notably tin/lead soft solders, which are typically 60% or more tin. Another large application for tin is corrosion-resistant tin plating of steel. Because of its low toxicity, tin-plated metal was used for food packaging as tin cans, which are now made mostly of steel,[citation needed] even though the name is kept in English.", "answer": "The first alloy used on a large scale since 3000 BC was bronze", "sentence": "The first alloy used on a large scale since 3000 BC was bronze , an alloy of tin and copper.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first alloy used on a large scale since 3000 BC was bronze , an alloy of tin and copper. <hl> After 600 BC, pure metallic tin was produced. Pewter, which is an alloy of 85\u201390% tin with the remainder commonly consisting of copper, antimony and lead, was used for flatware from the Bronze Age until the 20th century. In modern times, tin is used in many alloys, most notably tin/lead soft solders, which are typically 60% or more tin. Another large application for tin is corrosion-resistant tin plating of steel. Because of its low toxicity, tin-plated metal was used for food packaging as tin cans, which are now made mostly of steel,[citation needed] even though the name is kept in English.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The first alloy used on a large scale since 3000 BC was bronze <hl>, an alloy of tin and copper. After 600 BC, pure metallic tin was produced. Pewter, which is an alloy of 85\u201390% tin with the remainder commonly consisting of copper, antimony and lead, was used for flatware from the Bronze Age until the 20th century. In modern times, tin is used in many alloys, most notably tin/lead soft solders, which are typically 60% or more tin. Another large application for tin is corrosion-resistant tin plating of steel. Because of its low toxicity, tin-plated metal was used for food packaging as tin cans, which are now made mostly of steel,[citation needed] even though the name is kept in English.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The first alloy used on a large scale since 3000 BC was bronze <hl> , an alloy of tin and copper.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ebb82b22cd4dfcfbe542"}
{"question": "Which rivers drain from the east?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.", "sentence": "Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams. [citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. <hl> Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams. [citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the <hl> Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams. <hl>[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the <hl> Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams. <hl> [citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebbe"}
{"question": "What were the most important factors that determined the support for the Partisan movement?", "paragraph": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "answer": "region and nationality,", "sentence": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. <hl> The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "paragraph_answer": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to <hl> region and nationality, <hl> reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "sentence_answer": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to <hl> region and nationality, <hl> reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706c62b22cd4dfcfbeb08"}
{"question": "What kind of logic allows formulas of infinite length by generalization?", "paragraph": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "answer": "Infinitary logic", "sentence": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. <hl> The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Infinitary logic <hl> generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Infinitary logic <hl> generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length.", "paragraph_id": "5d666de62b22cd4dfcfbdebc"}
{"question": "In which year British Parliament took control of the taxes in American colonies?", "paragraph": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "answer": "1765", "sentence": "Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. <hl> Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. <hl> The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "paragraph_answer": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in <hl> 1765 <hl> the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "sentence_answer": "Beginning in <hl> 1765 <hl> the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770112b22cd4dfcfbfbaf"}
{"question": "How large was the Frick Acres property?", "paragraph": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\"  The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "answer": "14 acres", "sentence": "The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. <hl> The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. <hl> By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\" The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "paragraph_answer": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The <hl> 14 acres <hl> (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\" The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> 14 acres <hl> (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5312b22cd4dfcfbe792"}
{"question": "What was the original definition of acronym?", "paragraph": "By 1943, the term acronym had been used in English to recognize abbreviations (and contractions of phrases) that were pronounced as words. (It was formed from the Greek words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\") For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word (awol), it became an acronym. While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \"a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words\", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "answer": "a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words", "sentence": "While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \" a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words \", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1943, the term acronym had been used in English to recognize abbreviations (and contractions of phrases) that were pronounced as words. (It was formed from the Greek words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\") For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word (awol), it became an acronym. <hl> While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \" a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words \", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "By 1943, the term acronym had been used in English to recognize abbreviations (and contractions of phrases) that were pronounced as words. (It was formed from the Greek words \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, akros, \"topmost, extreme\" and \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, onoma, \"name.\") For example, the army offense of being absent without official leave was abbreviated to \"A.W.O.L.\" in reports, but when pronounced as a word (awol), it became an acronym. While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \"<hl> a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words <hl>\", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "sentence_answer": "While initial letters are commonly used to form an acronym, the original definition was \" <hl> a word made from the initial letters or syllables of other words <hl> \", for example UNIVAC from UNIVersal Automatic Computer.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c4c42b22cd4dfcfbcc5f"}
{"question": "The Hudson River Park Trust owns which heliport?", "paragraph": "Manhattan has three public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the West 30th Street Heliport, a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust. US Helicopter offered regularly scheduled helicopter service connecting the Downtown Manhattan Heliport with John F. Kennedy International Airport in Queens and Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey, before going out of business in 2009.", "answer": "West 30th Street Heliport", "sentence": "Manhattan has three public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the West 30th Street Heliport , a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Manhattan has three public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the West 30th Street Heliport , a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust. <hl> US Helicopter offered regularly scheduled helicopter service connecting the Downtown Manhattan Heliport with John F. Kennedy International Airport in Queens and Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey, before going out of business in 2009.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan has three public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the <hl> West 30th Street Heliport <hl>, a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust. US Helicopter offered regularly scheduled helicopter service connecting the Downtown Manhattan Heliport with John F. Kennedy International Airport in Queens and Newark Liberty International Airport in New Jersey, before going out of business in 2009.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan has three public heliports: the East 34th Street Heliport (also known as the Atlantic Metroport) at East 34th Street, owned by New York City and run by the New York City Economic Development Corporation (\"NYCEDC\")); the Port Authority Downtown Manhattan/Wall Street Heliport, owned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and run by the NYCEDC; and the <hl> West 30th Street Heliport <hl> , a privately owned heliport that is owned by the Hudson River Park Trust.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f3362b22cd4dfcfbe71d"}
{"question": "What does being a private institution mean for the University of Pennsylvania?", "paragraph": "The University was chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1787 and it operated as a fully private institution until an alteration to its charter in 1966 at which point it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education. This conferred \"state-related\" status to the university making it a legal instrument of the Commonwealth which provides an annual financial appropriation, currently 7.7% of the university's total operating budget, in exchange for the university offering tuition discounts to students that are residents of Pennsylvania. Legally, however, the university remains a private entity, operating under its nonprofit corporate charter, governed by its independent Board of Trustees, and with its assets under its own ownership and control. Therefore, it retains the freedom and individuality of a private institution, both administratively and academically, setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring.", "answer": "setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring", "sentence": "Therefore, it retains the freedom and individuality of a private institution, both administratively and academically, setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring .", "paragraph_sentence": "The University was chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1787 and it operated as a fully private institution until an alteration to its charter in 1966 at which point it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education. This conferred \"state-related\" status to the university making it a legal instrument of the Commonwealth which provides an annual financial appropriation, currently 7.7% of the university's total operating budget, in exchange for the university offering tuition discounts to students that are residents of Pennsylvania. Legally, however, the university remains a private entity, operating under its nonprofit corporate charter, governed by its independent Board of Trustees, and with its assets under its own ownership and control. <hl> Therefore, it retains the freedom and individuality of a private institution, both administratively and academically, setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The University was chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 1787 and it operated as a fully private institution until an alteration to its charter in 1966 at which point it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education. This conferred \"state-related\" status to the university making it a legal instrument of the Commonwealth which provides an annual financial appropriation, currently 7.7% of the university's total operating budget, in exchange for the university offering tuition discounts to students that are residents of Pennsylvania. Legally, however, the university remains a private entity, operating under its nonprofit corporate charter, governed by its independent Board of Trustees, and with its assets under its own ownership and control. Therefore, it retains the freedom and individuality of a private institution, both administratively and academically, <hl> setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Therefore, it retains the freedom and individuality of a private institution, both administratively and academically, <hl> setting its own standards for admissions, awarding of degrees, faculty qualifications, teaching, and staff hiring <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67435f2b22cd4dfcfbf44b"}
{"question": "How many non government Senators have to vote for legislation for it to pass?", "paragraph": "In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "answer": "six", "sentence": "The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. <hl> The Coalition requires votes of at least six non-government Senators to pass legislation. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the current Senate, the Liberal/National Coalition government holds 33 seats and the Australian Labor Party opposition has 25 seats. The crossbench of 18 consists of ten Greens seats, as well as one seat each for the Palmer United Party, the Australian Motoring Enthusiast Party, the Liberal Democrats, the Family First Party, and four independents, Nick Xenophon, John Madigan, Jacqui Lambie and Glenn Lazarus. The Coalition requires votes of at least <hl> six <hl> non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "sentence_answer": "The Coalition requires votes of at least <hl> six <hl> non-government Senators to pass legislation.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6412b22cd4dfcfbcc9e"}
{"question": "How many local inhabitants did the Germans shoot to avenge death of one German soldier?", "paragraph": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "answer": "100", "sentence": "Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed.", "paragraph_sentence": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. <hl> Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. <hl> Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to <hl> 100 <hl> local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to <hl> 100 <hl> local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703ff2b22cd4dfcfbea91"}
{"question": "Tin fluoride has been shown to treat what condition of the gums?", "paragraph": "Tin(II) fluoride is added to some dental care products as stannous fluoride (SnF2). Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis.", "answer": "gingivitis", "sentence": "It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin(II) fluoride is added to some dental care products as stannous fluoride (SnF2). Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. <hl> It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling gingivitis . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin(II) fluoride is added to some dental care products as stannous fluoride (SnF2). Tin(II) fluoride can be mixed with calcium abrasives while the more common sodium fluoride gradually becomes biologically inactive combined with calcium compounds. It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling <hl> gingivitis <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "It has also been shown to be more effective than sodium fluoride in controlling <hl> gingivitis <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6749f32b22cd4dfcfbf508"}
{"question": "Who effectively replaced the great lord in American society?", "paragraph": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "answer": "local judges and juries", "sentence": "Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries .", "paragraph_sentence": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. <hl> Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries . <hl> This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "paragraph_answer": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by <hl> local judges and juries <hl>. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "sentence_answer": "Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by <hl> local judges and juries <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6633642b22cd4dfcfbdad6"}
{"question": "What does R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate?", "paragraph": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and  R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and  R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature  is infinity.", "answer": "concave surfaces", "sentence": "Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and  R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and  R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces .", "paragraph_sentence": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. <hl> Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces . <hl> The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "paragraph_answer": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate <hl> concave surfaces <hl>. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "sentence_answer": "Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate <hl> concave surfaces <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d678c972b22cd4dfcfbfe4a"}
{"question": "The demonstrations put on by print workers in front of the new plant came to be known as what?", "paragraph": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed.  The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "answer": "Wapping Dispute", "sentence": "The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute .", "paragraph_sentence": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed. The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). <hl> The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute . <hl> The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "paragraph_answer": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed. The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the <hl> Wapping Dispute <hl>. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "sentence_answer": "The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the <hl> Wapping Dispute <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d671aeb2b22cd4dfcfbef67"}
{"question": "In what country near the equator are the mountainous regions considered to be one of the wettest places on Earth?", "paragraph": "On the large scale, the highest precipitation amounts outside topography fall in the tropics, closely tied to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, itself the ascending branch of the Hadley cell.  Mountainous locales near the equator in Colombia are amongst the wettest places on Earth.  North and south of this are regions of descending air that form subtropical ridges where precipitation is low; the land surface underneath is usually arid, which forms most of the Earth's deserts.  An exception to this rule is in Hawaii, where upslope flow due to the trade winds lead to one of the wettest locations on Earth.  Otherwise, the flow of the Westerlies into the Rocky Mountains lead to the wettest, and at elevation snowiest,  locations within North America.  In Asia during the wet season, the flow of moist air into the Himalayas leads to some of the greatest rainfall amounts measured on Earth in northeast India.", "answer": "Colombia", "sentence": " Mountainous locales near the equator in Colombia are amongst the wettest places on Earth.", "paragraph_sentence": "On the large scale, the highest precipitation amounts outside topography fall in the tropics, closely tied to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, itself the ascending branch of the Hadley cell. <hl> Mountainous locales near the equator in Colombia are amongst the wettest places on Earth. <hl> North and south of this are regions of descending air that form subtropical ridges where precipitation is low; the land surface underneath is usually arid, which forms most of the Earth's deserts. An exception to this rule is in Hawaii, where upslope flow due to the trade winds lead to one of the wettest locations on Earth. Otherwise, the flow of the Westerlies into the Rocky Mountains lead to the wettest, and at elevation snowiest, locations within North America. In Asia during the wet season, the flow of moist air into the Himalayas leads to some of the greatest rainfall amounts measured on Earth in northeast India.", "paragraph_answer": "On the large scale, the highest precipitation amounts outside topography fall in the tropics, closely tied to the Intertropical Convergence Zone, itself the ascending branch of the Hadley cell. Mountainous locales near the equator in <hl> Colombia <hl> are amongst the wettest places on Earth. North and south of this are regions of descending air that form subtropical ridges where precipitation is low; the land surface underneath is usually arid, which forms most of the Earth's deserts. An exception to this rule is in Hawaii, where upslope flow due to the trade winds lead to one of the wettest locations on Earth. Otherwise, the flow of the Westerlies into the Rocky Mountains lead to the wettest, and at elevation snowiest, locations within North America. In Asia during the wet season, the flow of moist air into the Himalayas leads to some of the greatest rainfall amounts measured on Earth in northeast India.", "sentence_answer": " Mountainous locales near the equator in <hl> Colombia <hl> are amongst the wettest places on Earth.", "paragraph_id": "5d674ec92b22cd4dfcfbf5ff"}
{"question": "Which office did Doug Bandow hold in the past?", "paragraph": "However, libertarians and libertarian-leaning conservatives increasingly found fault with what they saw as Republicans' restricting of vital civil liberties while corporate welfare and the national debt hiked considerably under Bush's tenure. For example, Doug Bandow, former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan, criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\". In contrast, some social conservatives expressed dissatisfaction with the party's support for economic policies that they saw as sometimes in conflict with their moral values.", "answer": "Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan", "sentence": "For example, Doug Bandow, former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan , criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\".", "paragraph_sentence": "However, libertarians and libertarian-leaning conservatives increasingly found fault with what they saw as Republicans' restricting of vital civil liberties while corporate welfare and the national debt hiked considerably under Bush's tenure. <hl> For example, Doug Bandow, former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan , criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\". <hl> In contrast, some social conservatives expressed dissatisfaction with the party's support for economic policies that they saw as sometimes in conflict with their moral values.", "paragraph_answer": "However, libertarians and libertarian-leaning conservatives increasingly found fault with what they saw as Republicans' restricting of vital civil liberties while corporate welfare and the national debt hiked considerably under Bush's tenure. For example, Doug Bandow, former <hl> Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan <hl>, criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\". In contrast, some social conservatives expressed dissatisfaction with the party's support for economic policies that they saw as sometimes in conflict with their moral values.", "sentence_answer": "For example, Doug Bandow, former <hl> Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan <hl> , criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67d6f82b22cd4dfcfc02dc"}
{"question": "In what date was Belgrade liberated  with the help of Red Army?", "paragraph": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "answer": "On 20 October", "sentence": "On 20 October , the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive.", "paragraph_sentence": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. <hl> On 20 October , the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. <hl> At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. <hl> On 20 October <hl>, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> On 20 October <hl> , the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ba0d2b22cd4dfcfc00b6"}
{"question": "Who often gave people the mean names?", "paragraph": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \"Short,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\" When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar. Many families later changed these names.", "answer": "local registrar", "sentence": "When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar .", "paragraph_sentence": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \"Short,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\" <hl> When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar . <hl> Many families later changed these names.", "paragraph_answer": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \"Short,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\" When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the <hl> local registrar <hl>. Many families later changed these names.", "sentence_answer": "When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the <hl> local registrar <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee722b22cd4dfcfbe5bc"}
{"question": "How are outcomes produced in a free market?", "paragraph": "Free market ideas popular in the 19th century, such as those of Adam Smith  returned to prominence in the 1970s and 1980s. Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist Friedrich von Hayek emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide. As Eleanor Doyle writes: \"Economic decision-making in free markets is decentralized across all the individuals dispersed in each market and is synchronized or coordinated by the price system.\" The individual right to property is part of this decentralized system. Analyzing the problems of central government control, Hayek wrote in The Road to Serfdom:", "answer": "without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide", "sentence": "Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist Friedrich von Hayek emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide .", "paragraph_sentence": "Free market ideas popular in the 19th century, such as those of Adam Smith returned to prominence in the 1970s and 1980s. <hl> Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist Friedrich von Hayek emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide . <hl> As Eleanor Doyle writes: \"Economic decision-making in free markets is decentralized across all the individuals dispersed in each market and is synchronized or coordinated by the price system.\" The individual right to property is part of this decentralized system. Analyzing the problems of central government control, Hayek wrote in The Road to Serfdom:", "paragraph_answer": "Free market ideas popular in the 19th century, such as those of Adam Smith returned to prominence in the 1970s and 1980s. Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist Friedrich von Hayek emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced <hl> without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide <hl>. As Eleanor Doyle writes: \"Economic decision-making in free markets is decentralized across all the individuals dispersed in each market and is synchronized or coordinated by the price system.\" The individual right to property is part of this decentralized system. Analyzing the problems of central government control, Hayek wrote in The Road to Serfdom:", "sentence_answer": "Nobel Prize\u2013winning economist Friedrich von Hayek emphasized that free markets themselves are decentralized systems where outcomes are produced <hl> without explicit agreement or coordination by individuals who use prices as their guide <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1712b22cd4dfcfbd0bd"}
{"question": "What were the real \"urban\" problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments?", "paragraph": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "answer": "slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease", "sentence": "One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease , among others (Irving 1993).", "paragraph_sentence": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). <hl> One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease , among others (Irving 1993). <hl> These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "paragraph_answer": "Considering Modernism inclined urban planning to treat buildings and developments as isolated, unrelated parts of the overall urban ecosystems created fragmented, isolated, and homogeneous urban landscapes (Goodchild, 1990). One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: <hl> slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease <hl>, among others (Irving 1993). These were precisely the 'urban ills' Modernism was meant to 'solve', but more often than not, the types of 'comprehensive', 'one size fits all' approaches to planning made things worse., and residents began to show interest in becoming involved in decisions which had once been solely entrusted to professionals of the built environment. Advocacy planning and participatory models of planning emerged in the 1960s to counter these traditional elitist and technocratic approaches to urban planning (Irving 1993; Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007). Furthermore, an assessment of the 'ills' of Modernism among planners during the 1960s, fuelled development of a participatory model that aimed to expand the range of participants in urban interventions (Hatuka & D'Hooghe 2007, 21).", "sentence_answer": "One of the greater problems with Modernist-style of planning was the disregard of resident or public opinion, which resulted in planning being forced upon the majority by a minority consisting of affluent professionals with little to no knowledge of real 'urban' problems characteristic of post-Second World War urban environments: <hl> slums, overcrowding, deteriorated infrastructure, pollution and disease <hl> , among others (Irving 1993).", "paragraph_id": "5d676e492b22cd4dfcfbfb53"}
{"question": "How many years is clinical training in Thai?", "paragraph": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. Upon graduation, all medical students must pass national medical licensing examinations and a university-based comprehensive test. After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. The students will receive Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. However the degree is equivalent to master's degree in Thailand.", "answer": "3 years", "sentence": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. <hl> Upon graduation, all medical students must pass national medical licensing examinations and a university-based comprehensive test. After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. The students will receive Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. However the degree is equivalent to master's degree in Thailand.", "paragraph_answer": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and <hl> 3 years <hl> for clinical training. Upon graduation, all medical students must pass national medical licensing examinations and a university-based comprehensive test. After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. The students will receive Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. However the degree is equivalent to master's degree in Thailand.", "sentence_answer": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and <hl> 3 years <hl> for clinical training.", "paragraph_id": "5d6656f02b22cd4dfcfbdc53"}
{"question": "What are three common launch vehicles?", "paragraph": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (Atlas, Delta, Titan), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "answer": "Atlas, Delta, Titan", "sentence": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, ( Atlas, Delta, Titan ), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, ( Atlas, Delta, Titan ), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). <hl> Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "paragraph_answer": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, (<hl> Atlas, Delta, Titan <hl>), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11). Aerospace structures typically consist of thin plates with stiffeners for the external surfaces, bulkheads and frames to support the shape and fasteners such as welds, rivets, screws and bolts to hold the components together.", "sentence_answer": "Aerospace structure types include launch vehicles, ( <hl> Atlas, Delta, Titan <hl> ), missiles (ALCM, Harpoon), Hypersonic vehicles (Space Shuttle), military aircraft (F-16, F-18) and commercial aircraft (Boeing 777, MD-11).", "paragraph_id": "5d678cc82b22cd4dfcfbfe5b"}
{"question": "Besides enclosure, what might the Old English element tun mean?", "paragraph": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "answer": "\"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\"", "sentence": "For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "paragraph_sentence": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. <hl> For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant <hl> \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" <hl> in other names.", "sentence_answer": "For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant <hl> \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" <hl> in other names.", "paragraph_id": "5d6739a42b22cd4dfcfbf304"}
{"question": "What is it called when an element dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions?", "paragraph": "Tin can form many oxides, sulfides, and other chalcogenide derivatives. The dioxide SnO2 (cassiterite) forms when tin is heated in the presence of air. SnO2 is amphoteric, which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions. There are also stannates with the structure [Sn(OH)6]2\u2212, like K2[Sn(OH)6], although the free stannic acid H2[Sn(OH)6] is unknown. The sulfides of tin exist in both the +2 and +4 oxidation states: tin(II) sulfide and tin(IV) sulfide (mosaic gold).", "answer": "amphoteric", "sentence": "SnO2 is amphoteric , which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin can form many oxides, sulfides, and other chalcogenide derivatives. The dioxide SnO2 (cassiterite) forms when tin is heated in the presence of air. <hl> SnO2 is amphoteric , which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions. <hl> There are also stannates with the structure [Sn(OH)6]2\u2212, like K2[Sn(OH)6], although the free stannic acid H2[Sn(OH)6] is unknown. The sulfides of tin exist in both the +2 and +4 oxidation states: tin(II) sulfide and tin(IV) sulfide (mosaic gold).", "paragraph_answer": "Tin can form many oxides, sulfides, and other chalcogenide derivatives. The dioxide SnO2 (cassiterite) forms when tin is heated in the presence of air. SnO2 is <hl> amphoteric <hl>, which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions. There are also stannates with the structure [Sn(OH)6]2\u2212, like K2[Sn(OH)6], although the free stannic acid H2[Sn(OH)6] is unknown. The sulfides of tin exist in both the +2 and +4 oxidation states: tin(II) sulfide and tin(IV) sulfide (mosaic gold).", "sentence_answer": "SnO2 is <hl> amphoteric <hl> , which means that it dissolves in both acidic and basic solutions.", "paragraph_id": "5d676ab52b22cd4dfcfbfaa9"}
{"question": "What would a \"D\" designation of the Koppen classification suggest?", "paragraph": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation.  The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "answer": "cold mid-latitude", "sentence": " The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude ; and E, polar.", "paragraph_sentence": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. <hl> The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude ; and E, polar. <hl> The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "paragraph_answer": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, <hl> cold mid-latitude <hl>; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "sentence_answer": " The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, <hl> cold mid-latitude <hl> ; and E, polar.", "paragraph_id": "5d677c722b22cd4dfcfbfd43"}
{"question": "What does a child inherit as his or her surname?", "paragraph": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family, and the second surname denotes one's mother's family. So \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero\" is not considered one surname; it is two distinct surnames. Given that it is not a true compound surname, his children do not inherit the \"compound\" surname \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero.\" Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on. The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). Thus, Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero would pass on only Rodr\u00edguez to his children as their first (i.e. paternal) surname.", "answer": "the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on", "sentence": "Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on .", "paragraph_sentence": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family, and the second surname denotes one's mother's family. So \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero\" is not considered one surname; it is two distinct surnames. Given that it is not a true compound surname, his children do not inherit the \"compound\" surname \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero.\" <hl> Only the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on . <hl> The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). Thus, Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero would pass on only Rodr\u00edguez to his children as their first (i.e. paternal) surname.", "paragraph_answer": "This custom is not seen in the Hispanic world as being a true compound surname system per se, since it is widely understood that the first surname denotes one's father's family, and the second surname denotes one's mother's family. So \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero\" is not considered one surname; it is two distinct surnames. Given that it is not a true compound surname, his children do not inherit the \"compound\" surname \"Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero.\" Only <hl> the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on <hl>. The father's paternal surname becomes the child's own paternal surname, while the mother's paternal surname becomes the child's second surname (as the child's own maternal surname). Thus, Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero would pass on only Rodr\u00edguez to his children as their first (i.e. paternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "Only <hl> the paternal surname of both father and mother are passed on <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67a8682b22cd4dfcfbff46"}
{"question": "What produced most of the world's tin in 2007?", "paragraph": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes.\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "answer": "The ten largest companies", "sentence": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. <hl> It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The ten largest companies <hl> produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The ten largest companies <hl> produced most of the world's tin in 2007.", "paragraph_id": "5d68959f2b22cd4dfcfc3c57"}
{"question": "What edition was later added to the Home and Professional editions?", "paragraph": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "answer": "Media Center", "sentence": "Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \" Media Center \" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications).", "paragraph_sentence": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. <hl> Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \" Media Center \" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). <hl> Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"<hl> Media Center <hl>\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "sentence_answer": "Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \" <hl> Media Center <hl> \" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications).", "paragraph_id": "5d6715792b22cd4dfcfbee8c"}
{"question": "What is the opposite of relief sculpture", "paragraph": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions.  The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "answer": "The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio", "sentence": " The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio , or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture.", "paragraph_sentence": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. <hl> The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio , or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. <hl> Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "paragraph_answer": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. <hl> The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio <hl>, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "sentence_answer": " <hl> The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio <hl> , or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5742b22cd4dfcfbe7a6"}
{"question": "What country was the exception to the controlling and preventing of enslavement?", "paragraph": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"  Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "answer": "Portuguese controlled Angola", "sentence": "With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola , coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. <hl> With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola , coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" <hl> Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "paragraph_answer": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of <hl> Portuguese controlled Angola <hl>, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "sentence_answer": "With the exception of <hl> Portuguese controlled Angola <hl> , coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6628412b22cd4dfcfbda41"}
{"question": "Who was accused of laundering money?", "paragraph": "In recent years, several high-profile leaders of the church have been involved in controversies. In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. In 2011 it was revealed that Ktchoyan drives a Bentley (valued at $180,000-$280,000). Pointing out to the 34% poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\". He added \"Archbishop Kchoyan\u2019s reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church.\"", "answer": "the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan", "sentence": "In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, several high-profile leaders of the church have been involved in controversies. <hl> In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. <hl> In 2011 it was revealed that Ktchoyan drives a Bentley (valued at $180,000-$280,000). Pointing out to the 34% poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\". He added \"Archbishop Kchoyan\u2019s reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, several high-profile leaders of the church have been involved in controversies. In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, <hl> the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan <hl> were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus. In 2011 it was revealed that Ktchoyan drives a Bentley (valued at $180,000-$280,000). Pointing out to the 34% poverty rate in Armenia, Asbarez editor Ara Khachatourian called it \"nothing but blasphemy\". He added \"Archbishop Kchoyan\u2019s reckless disregard and attitude is even more unacceptable due to his position in the Armenian Church.\"", "sentence_answer": "In 2013 Navasard Ktchoyan, <hl> the Archbishop of the Araratian Diocese and Prime Minister Tigran Sargsyan <hl> were alleged to have been partners with a businessman charged with laundering US$10.7 million bank loan and then depositing most of it in accounts he controlled in Cyprus.", "paragraph_id": "5d657efc2b22cd4dfcfbc9be"}
{"question": "Fibrates do not effect the chance of heart problems despite raising bad cholesterol if you are on what?", "paragraph": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "answer": "statins", "sentence": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. <hl> The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "paragraph_answer": "The time course over which <hl> statins <hl> provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "sentence_answer": "The time course over which <hl> statins <hl> provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids.", "paragraph_id": "5d662e242b22cd4dfcfbdaaf"}
{"question": "Where was the first transmission from?", "paragraph": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "answer": "Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc", "sentence": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc . <hl> Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "paragraph_answer": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the <hl> Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc <hl>. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "sentence_answer": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the <hl> Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6608632b22cd4dfcfbd641"}
{"question": "Who made a new effort to make communism more worldwide and stopped trying to keep Socialism and Commmunism in one country?", "paragraph": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "answer": "Khrushchev", "sentence": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. <hl> Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "paragraph_answer": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita <hl> Khrushchev <hl> gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "sentence_answer": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita <hl> Khrushchev <hl> gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8432b22cd4dfcfbe857"}
{"question": "The best way to predict a cardiac event is from what?", "paragraph": "Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. These measures, and sometimes others, may be combined into composite risk scores to estimate an individual's future risk of cardiovascular disease. Numerous risk scores exist although their respective merits are debated. Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use. They include family history, coronary artery calcification score, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index, lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide  (NT-proBNP), and markers of kidney function.", "answer": "a previous cardiovascular event", "sentence": "Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event , such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event , such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. <hl> Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. These measures, and sometimes others, may be combined into composite risk scores to estimate an individual's future risk of cardiovascular disease. Numerous risk scores exist although their respective merits are debated. Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use. They include family history, coronary artery calcification score, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index, lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and markers of kidney function.", "paragraph_answer": "Existing cardiovascular disease or <hl> a previous cardiovascular event <hl>, such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. These measures, and sometimes others, may be combined into composite risk scores to estimate an individual's future risk of cardiovascular disease. Numerous risk scores exist although their respective merits are debated. Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use. They include family history, coronary artery calcification score, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index, lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and markers of kidney function.", "sentence_answer": "Existing cardiovascular disease or <hl> a previous cardiovascular event <hl> , such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7602b22cd4dfcfbceb2"}
{"question": "When did the full-scale war start between the Chetniks and Partisan groups?", "paragraph": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "answer": "October 1941", "sentence": "Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict.", "paragraph_sentence": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. <hl> Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. <hl> To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "paragraph_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from <hl> October 1941 <hl> they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "sentence_answer": "Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from <hl> October 1941 <hl> they degenerated into full-scale conflict.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f8e62b22cd4dfcfc04ab"}
{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed93"}
{"question": "When was The History of Nations written?", "paragraph": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization. In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d He also noted that this contrasted with the decentralization of Ancient Greece. Since the 1980s a number of scholars have written about cycles of centralization and decentralizations. Stephen K. Sanderson wrote that over the last 4000 years chiefdoms and actual states have gone through sequences of centralization and decentralization of economic, political and social power. Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on \u201csince the Stone Age\u201d through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today\u2019s \u201chegemonic core states\u201d. Christopher K. Chase-Dunn and Thomas D. Hall review other works that detail these cycles, including works which analyze the concept of core elites which compete with state accumulation of wealth and how their \"intra-ruling-class competition accounts for the rise and fall of states\" and of their phases of centralization and decentralization.", "answer": "1910", "sentence": "In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d", "paragraph_sentence": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization. <hl> In his 1910 The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d <hl> He also noted that this contrasted with the decentralization of Ancient Greece. Since the 1980s a number of scholars have written about cycles of centralization and decentralizations. Stephen K. Sanderson wrote that over the last 4000 years chiefdoms and actual states have gone through sequences of centralization and decentralization of economic, political and social power. Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on \u201csince the Stone Age\u201d through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today\u2019s \u201chegemonic core states\u201d. Christopher K. Chase-Dunn and Thomas D. Hall review other works that detail these cycles, including works which analyze the concept of core elites which compete with state accumulation of wealth and how their \"intra-ruling-class competition accounts for the rise and fall of states\" and of their phases of centralization and decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "Historians have described the history of governments and empires in terms of centralization and decentralization. In his <hl> 1910 <hl> The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d He also noted that this contrasted with the decentralization of Ancient Greece. Since the 1980s a number of scholars have written about cycles of centralization and decentralizations. Stephen K. Sanderson wrote that over the last 4000 years chiefdoms and actual states have gone through sequences of centralization and decentralization of economic, political and social power. Yildiz Atasoy writes this process has been going on \u201csince the Stone Age\u201d through not just chiefdoms and states, but empires and today\u2019s \u201chegemonic core states\u201d. Christopher K. Chase-Dunn and Thomas D. Hall review other works that detail these cycles, including works which analyze the concept of core elites which compete with state accumulation of wealth and how their \"intra-ruling-class competition accounts for the rise and fall of states\" and of their phases of centralization and decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "In his <hl> 1910 <hl> The History of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge wrote that Persian king Darius I (550-486 BCE) was a master of organization and \u201cfor the first time in history centralization becomes a political fact.\u201d", "paragraph_id": "5d660b092b22cd4dfcfbd6b6"}
{"question": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad were called what?", "paragraph": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. Starting in the 1890s J. P. Morgan began financing the major New England railroads, and dividing territory so they would not compete. The New Haven purchased 50 smaller companies, including steamship lines, and built a network of light rails (electrified trolleys) that provided inter-urban transportation for all of southern New England. By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees.", "answer": "New Haven", "sentence": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. <hl> Starting in the 1890s J. P. Morgan began financing the major New England railroads, and dividing territory so they would not compete. The New Haven purchased 50 smaller companies, including steamship lines, and built a network of light rails (electrified trolleys) that provided inter-urban transportation for all of southern New England. By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees.", "paragraph_answer": "The New York, <hl> New Haven <hl> and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. Starting in the 1890s J. P. Morgan began financing the major New England railroads, and dividing territory so they would not compete. The New Haven purchased 50 smaller companies, including steamship lines, and built a network of light rails (electrified trolleys) that provided inter-urban transportation for all of southern New England. By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees.", "sentence_answer": "The New York, <hl> New Haven <hl> and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872.", "paragraph_id": "5d6629522b22cd4dfcfbda5e"}
{"question": "The surname Saddam Hussein al Tikriti might refer to what city?", "paragraph": "Arabic names sometimes contain surnames that denote the city of origin. For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikriti, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. This component of the name is called a nisbah.", "answer": "Tikrit", "sentence": "For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikrit i, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq.", "paragraph_sentence": "Arabic names sometimes contain surnames that denote the city of origin. <hl> For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al Tikrit i, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. <hl> This component of the name is called a nisbah.", "paragraph_answer": "Arabic names sometimes contain surnames that denote the city of origin. For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al <hl> Tikrit <hl>i, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq. This component of the name is called a nisbah.", "sentence_answer": "For example, in cases of Saddam Hussein al <hl> Tikrit <hl> i, meaning Saddam Hussein of Tikrit, a city in Iraq.", "paragraph_id": "5d673dfd2b22cd4dfcfbf3cb"}
{"question": "What is North America's longest running Jungle Radio Show?", "paragraph": "In North America, The Prophecy on 89.5 CIUT-FM With Marcus Visionary, DJ Prime and Mr. Brown Is North America's longest running Jungle Radio show[citation needed] (Toronto), Album 88.5 (Atlanta) and C89.5fm (Seattle) have shows showcasing drum and bass. Seattle also has a long-standing electronica show known as Expansions on 90.3 FM KEXP. The rotating DJs include Kid Hops, whose shows are made up mostly of drum and bass. In Columbus, Ohio WCBE 90.5 has a two-hour electronic only showcase, \"All Mixed Up,\" Saturday nights at 10pm. At the same time WUFM 88.7 plays its \"Electronic Playground.\" Also, Tulsa, Oklahoma's rock station, 104.5 The Edge, has a two-hour show starting at 10:00PM Saturday nights called Edge Essential Mix mixed by DJ Demko showcasing electronic and drum and bass style. While the aforementioned shows in Ohio rarely play drum and bass the latter plays the genre with some frequency. In Tucson, Arizona, 91.3 FM KXCI has a two-hour electronic show known as \"Digital Empire\", Friday nights at 10pm (MST). Resident DJ Trinidad showcases various styles of electronica, with the main focus being drum and bass, jungle & dubstep. In Augusta, Georgia, zarbizarre of the Cereal Killaz hosts a show called FreQuency on WHHD on Friday nights from 11pm until 1am, showcasing drum and bass during the 2nd hour of the show.", "answer": "DJ Prime and Mr. Brown", "sentence": "In North America, The Prophecy on 89.5 CIUT-FM With Marcus Visionary, DJ Prime and Mr. Brown Is North America's longest running Jungle Radio show[citation needed] (Toronto), Album 88.5 (Atlanta) and C89.5fm (Seattle) have shows showcasing drum and bass.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In North America, The Prophecy on 89.5 CIUT-FM With Marcus Visionary, DJ Prime and Mr. Brown Is North America's longest running Jungle Radio show[citation needed] (Toronto), Album 88.5 (Atlanta) and C89.5fm (Seattle) have shows showcasing drum and bass. <hl> Seattle also has a long-standing electronica show known as Expansions on 90.3 FM KEXP. The rotating DJs include Kid Hops, whose shows are made up mostly of drum and bass. In Columbus, Ohio WCBE 90.5 has a two-hour electronic only showcase, \"All Mixed Up,\" Saturday nights at 10pm. At the same time WUFM 88.7 plays its \"Electronic Playground.\" Also, Tulsa, Oklahoma's rock station, 104.5 The Edge, has a two-hour show starting at 10:00PM Saturday nights called Edge Essential Mix mixed by DJ Demko showcasing electronic and drum and bass style. While the aforementioned shows in Ohio rarely play drum and bass the latter plays the genre with some frequency. In Tucson, Arizona, 91.3 FM KXCI has a two-hour electronic show known as \"Digital Empire\", Friday nights at 10pm (MST). Resident DJ Trinidad showcases various styles of electronica, with the main focus being drum and bass, jungle & dubstep. In Augusta, Georgia, zarbizarre of the Cereal Killaz hosts a show called FreQuency on WHHD on Friday nights from 11pm until 1am, showcasing drum and bass during the 2nd hour of the show.", "paragraph_answer": "In North America, The Prophecy on 89.5 CIUT-FM With Marcus Visionary, <hl> DJ Prime and Mr. Brown <hl> Is North America's longest running Jungle Radio show[citation needed] (Toronto), Album 88.5 (Atlanta) and C89.5fm (Seattle) have shows showcasing drum and bass. Seattle also has a long-standing electronica show known as Expansions on 90.3 FM KEXP. The rotating DJs include Kid Hops, whose shows are made up mostly of drum and bass. In Columbus, Ohio WCBE 90.5 has a two-hour electronic only showcase, \"All Mixed Up,\" Saturday nights at 10pm. At the same time WUFM 88.7 plays its \"Electronic Playground.\" Also, Tulsa, Oklahoma's rock station, 104.5 The Edge, has a two-hour show starting at 10:00PM Saturday nights called Edge Essential Mix mixed by DJ Demko showcasing electronic and drum and bass style. While the aforementioned shows in Ohio rarely play drum and bass the latter plays the genre with some frequency. In Tucson, Arizona, 91.3 FM KXCI has a two-hour electronic show known as \"Digital Empire\", Friday nights at 10pm (MST). Resident DJ Trinidad showcases various styles of electronica, with the main focus being drum and bass, jungle & dubstep. In Augusta, Georgia, zarbizarre of the Cereal Killaz hosts a show called FreQuency on WHHD on Friday nights from 11pm until 1am, showcasing drum and bass during the 2nd hour of the show.", "sentence_answer": "In North America, The Prophecy on 89.5 CIUT-FM With Marcus Visionary, <hl> DJ Prime and Mr. Brown <hl> Is North America's longest running Jungle Radio show[citation needed] (Toronto), Album 88.5 (Atlanta) and C89.5fm (Seattle) have shows showcasing drum and bass.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672bd2b22cd4dfcfbdf50"}
{"question": "Besides the NIH, what other source provides funding to MDs and DOs for research?", "paragraph": "Even though the MD and DO are first professional degrees and not doctorates of research (i.e., a PhD), many holders of the MD or DO degree conduct clinical and basic scientific research and publish in peer-reviewed journals during training and after graduation; an academic physician whose work emphasizes basic research is called a physician-scientist. Combined medical and research training is offered through programs granting MD-PhD or DO-PhD degrees. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) through its Medical Scientist Training Program funds MD-PhD training programs at many universities. Some MDs and DOs choose a research career and receive funding from the NIH as well as other sources such as the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. A few even go on to become Nobel Laureates. The United States Department of Education and the National Science Foundation do not include the MD or other professional doctorates among the degrees that are equivalent to research doctorates.", "answer": "Howard Hughes Medical Institute", "sentence": "Some MDs and DOs choose a research career and receive funding from the NIH as well as other sources such as the Howard Hughes Medical Institute .", "paragraph_sentence": "Even though the MD and DO are first professional degrees and not doctorates of research (i.e., a PhD), many holders of the MD or DO degree conduct clinical and basic scientific research and publish in peer-reviewed journals during training and after graduation; an academic physician whose work emphasizes basic research is called a physician-scientist. Combined medical and research training is offered through programs granting MD-PhD or DO-PhD degrees. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) through its Medical Scientist Training Program funds MD-PhD training programs at many universities. <hl> Some MDs and DOs choose a research career and receive funding from the NIH as well as other sources such as the Howard Hughes Medical Institute . <hl> A few even go on to become Nobel Laureates. The United States Department of Education and the National Science Foundation do not include the MD or other professional doctorates among the degrees that are equivalent to research doctorates.", "paragraph_answer": "Even though the MD and DO are first professional degrees and not doctorates of research (i.e., a PhD), many holders of the MD or DO degree conduct clinical and basic scientific research and publish in peer-reviewed journals during training and after graduation; an academic physician whose work emphasizes basic research is called a physician-scientist. Combined medical and research training is offered through programs granting MD-PhD or DO-PhD degrees. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) through its Medical Scientist Training Program funds MD-PhD training programs at many universities. Some MDs and DOs choose a research career and receive funding from the NIH as well as other sources such as the <hl> Howard Hughes Medical Institute <hl>. A few even go on to become Nobel Laureates. The United States Department of Education and the National Science Foundation do not include the MD or other professional doctorates among the degrees that are equivalent to research doctorates.", "sentence_answer": "Some MDs and DOs choose a research career and receive funding from the NIH as well as other sources such as the <hl> Howard Hughes Medical Institute <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661b6d2b22cd4dfcfbd8e0"}
{"question": "What did Istanbul's population increase to during the 20th century?", "paragraph": "Istanbul experienced especially rapid growth during the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000. This growth in population comes, in part, from an expansion of city limits\u2014particularly between 1980 and 1985, when the number of Istanbulites nearly doubled. The remarkable growth was, and still is, largely fueled by migrants from eastern Turkey seeking employment and improved living conditions. The number of residents of Istanbul originating from seven northern and eastern provinces is greater than the populations of their entire respective provinces; Sivas and Kastamonu each account for more than half a million residents of Istanbul. Istanbul's foreign population, by comparison, is very small, 42,228 residents in 2007. Only 28 percent of the city's residents are originally from Istanbul. The most densely populated areas tend to lie to the northwest, west, and southwest of the city center, on the European side; the most densely populated district on the Asian side is \u00dcsk\u00fcdar.", "answer": "between 1950 and 2000", "sentence": "Istanbul experienced especially rapid growth during the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul experienced especially rapid growth during the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold between 1950 and 2000 . <hl> This growth in population comes, in part, from an expansion of city limits\u2014particularly between 1980 and 1985, when the number of Istanbulites nearly doubled. The remarkable growth was, and still is, largely fueled by migrants from eastern Turkey seeking employment and improved living conditions. The number of residents of Istanbul originating from seven northern and eastern provinces is greater than the populations of their entire respective provinces; Sivas and Kastamonu each account for more than half a million residents of Istanbul. Istanbul's foreign population, by comparison, is very small, 42,228 residents in 2007. Only 28 percent of the city's residents are originally from Istanbul. The most densely populated areas tend to lie to the northwest, west, and southwest of the city center, on the European side; the most densely populated district on the Asian side is \u00dcsk\u00fcdar.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul experienced especially rapid growth during the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold <hl> between 1950 and 2000 <hl>. This growth in population comes, in part, from an expansion of city limits\u2014particularly between 1980 and 1985, when the number of Istanbulites nearly doubled. The remarkable growth was, and still is, largely fueled by migrants from eastern Turkey seeking employment and improved living conditions. The number of residents of Istanbul originating from seven northern and eastern provinces is greater than the populations of their entire respective provinces; Sivas and Kastamonu each account for more than half a million residents of Istanbul. Istanbul's foreign population, by comparison, is very small, 42,228 residents in 2007. Only 28 percent of the city's residents are originally from Istanbul. The most densely populated areas tend to lie to the northwest, west, and southwest of the city center, on the European side; the most densely populated district on the Asian side is \u00dcsk\u00fcdar.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul experienced especially rapid growth during the second half of the 20th century, with its population increasing tenfold <hl> between 1950 and 2000 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66e4e02b22cd4dfcfbe4f8"}
{"question": "What was the tallest office building in Europe in 1898?", "paragraph": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.\nIn the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nDuring the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "answer": "the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis)", "sentence": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building <hl> the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) <hl> was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "sentence_answer": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building <hl> the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) <hl> was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.", "paragraph_id": "5d672ae02b22cd4dfcfbf169"}
{"question": "Who was the grandson of Prescott Bush?", "paragraph": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. He served 1953\u201363.", "answer": "George W. Bush", "sentence": "Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush .", "paragraph_sentence": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. <hl> Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush . <hl> He served 1953\u201363.", "paragraph_answer": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President <hl> George W. Bush <hl>. He served 1953\u201363.", "sentence_answer": "Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President <hl> George W. Bush <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f58c2b22cd4dfcfbd414"}
{"question": "Partisan demographics continued to change after which country surrendered?", "paragraph": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy. According to Goldstein, among Croatian partisans at the end of 1941, 77% were Serbs and 21.5% were Croats, and others as well as unknown nationalities. The percentage of Croats in the Partisans had increased to 32% by August 1942, which rose to 34% by September 1943. After the capitulation of Italy, it increased further. At the end of 1944 there were 60.4% Croats, 28.6% Serbs and 11% of other unknown nationalities in Croatian partisan units. By 1944, the Partisans in Croatia were 60.4% Croat, 28.6% Serb, 2.8% Muslim and 8.2% other. Overall, from 1941 to 1945, the Partisans in Croatia were 61% Croat, 28% Serb, and rest composed of Slovenes, Muslims, Montenegrins, Italians, Hungarians, Czechs, Jews and Volksdeutsche.\nIn the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "answer": "Italy", "sentence": "This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. <hl> This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of Italy . <hl> According to Goldstein, among Croatian partisans at the end of 1941, 77% were Serbs and 21.5% were Croats, and others as well as unknown nationalities. The percentage of Croats in the Partisans had increased to 32% by August 1942, which rose to 34% by September 1943. After the capitulation of Italy, it increased further. At the end of 1944 there were 60.4% Croats, 28.6% Serbs and 11% of other unknown nationalities in Croatian partisan units. By 1944, the Partisans in Croatia were 60.4% Croat, 28.6% Serb, 2.8% Muslim and 8.2% other. Overall, from 1941 to 1945, the Partisans in Croatia were 61% Croat, 28% Serb, and rest composed of Slovenes, Muslims, Montenegrins, Italians, Hungarians, Czechs, Jews and Volksdeutsche. In the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In 1941-42, the majority of Partisans in Croatia were Serbs, but by October 1943 the majority were Croats. This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of <hl> Italy <hl>. According to Goldstein, among Croatian partisans at the end of 1941, 77% were Serbs and 21.5% were Croats, and others as well as unknown nationalities. The percentage of Croats in the Partisans had increased to 32% by August 1942, which rose to 34% by September 1943. After the capitulation of Italy, it increased further. At the end of 1944 there were 60.4% Croats, 28.6% Serbs and 11% of other unknown nationalities in Croatian partisan units. By 1944, the Partisans in Croatia were 60.4% Croat, 28.6% Serb, 2.8% Muslim and 8.2% other. Overall, from 1941 to 1945, the Partisans in Croatia were 61% Croat, 28% Serb, and rest composed of Slovenes, Muslims, Montenegrins, Italians, Hungarians, Czechs, Jews and Volksdeutsche. In the liberated territories of Croatia after the war, Croatian Partisans proclaimed the Democratic Republic which was referred to by Winston Churchill as \"the Croatian miracle.\"", "sentence_answer": "This change was partly due to the decision of a key Croatian Peasant Party member, Bo\u017eidar Magovac, to join the Partisans in June 1943, and partly due to the surrender of <hl> Italy <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd6d2b22cd4dfcfbe968"}
{"question": "How much money does Pitt give in community support per year?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "answer": "$1.7 billion", "sentence": "These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. <hl> These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. <hl> The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than <hl> $1.7 billion <hl> in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "sentence_answer": "These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than <hl> $1.7 billion <hl> in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County.", "paragraph_id": "5d67412f2b22cd4dfcfbf40e"}
{"question": "What are subroutines often collected into?", "paragraph": "Subroutines are a powerful programming tool, and the syntax of many programming languages includes support for writing and using them. Judicious use of subroutines (for example, through the structured programming approach) will often substantially reduce the cost of developing and maintaining a large program, while increasing its quality and reliability. Subroutines, often collected into libraries, are an important mechanism for sharing and trading software. The discipline of object-oriented programming is based on objects and methods (which are subroutines attached to these objects or object classes).", "answer": "libraries", "sentence": "Subroutines, often collected into libraries , are an important mechanism for sharing and trading software.", "paragraph_sentence": "Subroutines are a powerful programming tool, and the syntax of many programming languages includes support for writing and using them. Judicious use of subroutines (for example, through the structured programming approach) will often substantially reduce the cost of developing and maintaining a large program, while increasing its quality and reliability. <hl> Subroutines, often collected into libraries , are an important mechanism for sharing and trading software. <hl> The discipline of object-oriented programming is based on objects and methods (which are subroutines attached to these objects or object classes).", "paragraph_answer": "Subroutines are a powerful programming tool, and the syntax of many programming languages includes support for writing and using them. Judicious use of subroutines (for example, through the structured programming approach) will often substantially reduce the cost of developing and maintaining a large program, while increasing its quality and reliability. Subroutines, often collected into <hl> libraries <hl>, are an important mechanism for sharing and trading software. The discipline of object-oriented programming is based on objects and methods (which are subroutines attached to these objects or object classes).", "sentence_answer": "Subroutines, often collected into <hl> libraries <hl> , are an important mechanism for sharing and trading software.", "paragraph_id": "5d671e082b22cd4dfcfbefd1"}
{"question": "Resources were thrown away when what happened?", "paragraph": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "answer": "memory became scarce", "sentence": "Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce ; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "paragraph_sentence": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. <hl> Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce ; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. However, even the earliest Windows versions already assumed many typical operating system functions; notably, having their own executable file format and providing their own device drivers (timer, graphics, printer, mouse, keyboard and sound). Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when <hl> memory became scarce <hl>; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "sentence_answer": "Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when <hl> memory became scarce <hl> ; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef4a2b22cd4dfcfbe5ee"}
{"question": "What students are granted the title of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS)?", "paragraph": "Historically, Australian medical schools have followed the British tradition by conferring the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) to its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates. Although the majority of Australian MBBS degrees have been graduate programs since the 1990s, under the previous Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) they remained categorised as Level 7 Bachelor's degrees together with other undergraduate programs.", "answer": "graduates", "sentence": "its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historically, Australian medical schools have followed the British tradition by conferring the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) to <hl> its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates. <hl> Although the majority of Australian MBBS degrees have been graduate programs since the 1990s, under the previous Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) they remained categorised as Level 7 Bachelor's degrees together with other undergraduate programs.", "paragraph_answer": "Historically, Australian medical schools have followed the British tradition by conferring the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) to its <hl> graduates <hl> whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates. Although the majority of Australian MBBS degrees have been graduate programs since the 1990s, under the previous Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) they remained categorised as Level 7 Bachelor's degrees together with other undergraduate programs.", "sentence_answer": "its <hl> graduates <hl> whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates.", "paragraph_id": "5d6694822b22cd4dfcfbe309"}
{"question": "What types of organizations aid the homeless community in the United States?", "paragraph": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness. Government agencies respond. The following programs and policies acknowledge the phenomenon of homelessness, provide help to the homeless, and prevent further growth of the homeless population.", "answer": "governmental and non-governmental organizations.", "sentence": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. <hl> Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness. Government agencies respond. The following programs and policies acknowledge the phenomenon of homelessness, provide help to the homeless, and prevent further growth of the homeless population.", "paragraph_answer": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from <hl> governmental and non-governmental organizations. <hl> Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness. Government agencies respond. The following programs and policies acknowledge the phenomenon of homelessness, provide help to the homeless, and prevent further growth of the homeless population.", "sentence_answer": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from <hl> governmental and non-governmental organizations. <hl> Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid.", "paragraph_id": "5d6662a42b22cd4dfcfbdd3e"}
{"question": "Ethics s a branch of what?", "paragraph": "In its normative sense, \"morality\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "answer": "philosophy", "sentence": "Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "paragraph_sentence": "In its normative sense, \"morality\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. <hl> Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In its normative sense, \"morality\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. Normative ethics is the branch of <hl> philosophy <hl> which studies morality in this sense.", "sentence_answer": "Normative ethics is the branch of <hl> philosophy <hl> which studies morality in this sense.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff2c2b22cd4dfcfbe9bb"}
{"question": "What is the Chinese word for \"country?\"", "paragraph": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bigu\u00f3. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: 'flower flag ginseng' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "answer": "gu\u00f3", "sentence": "Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bi gu\u00f3 .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). <hl> Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bi gu\u00f3 . <hl> M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: 'flower flag ginseng' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "paragraph_answer": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bi<hl> gu\u00f3 <hl>. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: 'flower flag ginseng' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "sentence_answer": "Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bi <hl> gu\u00f3 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6669962b22cd4dfcfbde48"}
{"question": "What happens when air turbulence causes droplets to collide?", "paragraph": "Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops.  When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets. As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain.", "answer": "producing larger droplets", "sentence": " When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets .", "paragraph_sentence": "Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops. <hl> When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets . <hl> As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain.", "paragraph_answer": "Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops. When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, <hl> producing larger droplets <hl>. As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain.", "sentence_answer": " When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, <hl> producing larger droplets <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67cf7b2b22cd4dfcfc0284"}
{"question": "Why did Lenin encourage violence against workers?", "paragraph": "Lenin attempted and failed to bring about communist revolution in Russia in the Russian Revolution of 1905\u20137. During the revolution, Lenin advocated mass action and that the revolution \"accept mass terror in its tactics\". During the revolution Lenin advocated militancy and violence of workers as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar. Bolshevik emigres briefly poured into Russia to take part in the revolution. Prior and after the failed revolution, the Bolshevik leadership voluntarily resided in exile to evade Tsarist Russia's secret police, such as Lenin who resided in Switzerland. Most importantly, the experience of this revolution caused Lenin to conceive of the means of sponsoring communist revolution, through propaganda, agitation, a well-organised and disciplined but small political party, and through manipulation of aroused masses.", "answer": "as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar.", "sentence": "During the revolution Lenin advocated militancy and violence of workers as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar. Bolshevik emigres briefly poured into Russia to take part in the revolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lenin attempted and failed to bring about communist revolution in Russia in the Russian Revolution of 1905\u20137. During the revolution, Lenin advocated mass action and that the revolution \"accept mass terror in its tactics\". <hl> During the revolution Lenin advocated militancy and violence of workers as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar. Bolshevik emigres briefly poured into Russia to take part in the revolution. <hl> Prior and after the failed revolution, the Bolshevik leadership voluntarily resided in exile to evade Tsarist Russia's secret police, such as Lenin who resided in Switzerland. Most importantly, the experience of this revolution caused Lenin to conceive of the means of sponsoring communist revolution, through propaganda, agitation, a well-organised and disciplined but small political party, and through manipulation of aroused masses.", "paragraph_answer": "Lenin attempted and failed to bring about communist revolution in Russia in the Russian Revolution of 1905\u20137. During the revolution, Lenin advocated mass action and that the revolution \"accept mass terror in its tactics\". During the revolution Lenin advocated militancy and violence of workers <hl> as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar. <hl> Bolshevik emigres briefly poured into Russia to take part in the revolution. Prior and after the failed revolution, the Bolshevik leadership voluntarily resided in exile to evade Tsarist Russia's secret police, such as Lenin who resided in Switzerland. Most importantly, the experience of this revolution caused Lenin to conceive of the means of sponsoring communist revolution, through propaganda, agitation, a well-organised and disciplined but small political party, and through manipulation of aroused masses.", "sentence_answer": "During the revolution Lenin advocated militancy and violence of workers <hl> as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar. <hl> Bolshevik emigres briefly poured into Russia to take part in the revolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d670a322b22cd4dfcfbebaa"}
{"question": "A symbol can be used as a what?", "paragraph": "To define a function, sometimes a dot notation is used in order to emphasize the functional nature of an expression without assigning a special symbol to the variable. For instance, \n\n\n\n\na\n(\n\u22c5\n\n)\n\n2\n\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle a(\\cdot )^{2}}\n\n stands for the function \n\n\n\n\nx\n\u21a6\na\n\nx\n\n2\n\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\textstyle x\\mapsto ax^{2}}\n\n, \n\n\n\n\n\n\u222b\n\na\n\n\n\n\u22c5\n\n\nf\n(\nu\n)\nd\nu\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle \\int _{a}^{\\,\\cdot }f(u)du}\n\n stands for the integral function \n\n\n\n\nx\n\u21a6\n\n\u222b\n\na\n\n\nx\n\n\nf\n(\nu\n)\nd\nu\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle x\\mapsto \\int _{a}^{x}f(u)du}\n\n, and so on.", "answer": "variable", "sentence": "To define a function, sometimes a dot notation is used in order to emphasize the functional nature of an expression without assigning a special symbol to the variable .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> To define a function, sometimes a dot notation is used in order to emphasize the functional nature of an expression without assigning a special symbol to the variable . <hl> For instance, a ( \u22c5 ) 2 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle a(\\cdot )^{2}} stands for the function x \u21a6 a x 2 {\\displaystyle \\textstyle x\\mapsto ax^{2}} , \u222b a \u22c5 f ( u ) d u {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle \\int _{a}^{\\,\\cdot }f(u)du} stands for the integral function x \u21a6 \u222b a x f ( u ) d u {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle x\\mapsto \\int _{a}^{x}f(u)du} , and so on.", "paragraph_answer": "To define a function, sometimes a dot notation is used in order to emphasize the functional nature of an expression without assigning a special symbol to the <hl> variable <hl>. For instance, a ( \u22c5 ) 2 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle a(\\cdot )^{2}} stands for the function x \u21a6 a x 2 {\\displaystyle \\textstyle x\\mapsto ax^{2}} , \u222b a \u22c5 f ( u ) d u {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle \\int _{a}^{\\,\\cdot }f(u)du} stands for the integral function x \u21a6 \u222b a x f ( u ) d u {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle x\\mapsto \\int _{a}^{x}f(u)du} , and so on.", "sentence_answer": "To define a function, sometimes a dot notation is used in order to emphasize the functional nature of an expression without assigning a special symbol to the <hl> variable <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6617882b22cd4dfcfbd83c"}
{"question": "What is the meaning to be \"addmitted\" ?", "paragraph": "An important artifact of the state-based insurance regulation system in the United States is the dichotomy between admitted and surplus insurers.  Insurers in the U.S. may be \"admitted\", meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner, and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling.  Or they may be \"surplus\", meaning that they are nonadmitted in a particular state but are willing to write coverage there.  Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks.  Although experienced insurance brokers are well aware of what risks an admitted insurer will not accept, they must document a ritual of actually shopping around a risk to several admitted insurers (who will reject it, of course) before applying for coverage with a surplus line insurer.", "answer": "meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner", "sentence": " Insurers in the U.S. may be \"admitted\", meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner , and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling.", "paragraph_sentence": "An important artifact of the state-based insurance regulation system in the United States is the dichotomy between admitted and surplus insurers. <hl> Insurers in the U.S. may be \"admitted\", meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner , and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling. <hl> Or they may be \"surplus\", meaning that they are nonadmitted in a particular state but are willing to write coverage there. Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks. Although experienced insurance brokers are well aware of what risks an admitted insurer will not accept, they must document a ritual of actually shopping around a risk to several admitted insurers (who will reject it, of course) before applying for coverage with a surplus line insurer.", "paragraph_answer": "An important artifact of the state-based insurance regulation system in the United States is the dichotomy between admitted and surplus insurers. Insurers in the U.S. may be \"admitted\", <hl> meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner <hl>, and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling. Or they may be \"surplus\", meaning that they are nonadmitted in a particular state but are willing to write coverage there. Surplus line insurers are supposed to underwrite only very unusual or difficult-to-insure risks. Although experienced insurance brokers are well aware of what risks an admitted insurer will not accept, they must document a ritual of actually shopping around a risk to several admitted insurers (who will reject it, of course) before applying for coverage with a surplus line insurer.", "sentence_answer": " Insurers in the U.S. may be \"admitted\", <hl> meaning that they have been formally admitted to a state's insurance market by the state insurance commissioner <hl> , and are subject to various state laws governing organization, capitalization, policy forms, and claims handling.", "paragraph_id": "5d6628b52b22cd4dfcfbda55"}
{"question": "Why are interest rate adjustments important?", "paragraph": "The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa.  Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015. The Fed describes the type of labor market analyses it performs in making interest rate decisions in the minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee, its policy governing body, among other channels.", "answer": "for managing the unemployment rate.", "sentence": "U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa.", "paragraph_sentence": "The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. <hl> U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. <hl> Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015. The Fed describes the type of labor market analyses it performs in making interest rate decisions in the minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee, its policy governing body, among other channels.", "paragraph_answer": "The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools <hl> for managing the unemployment rate. <hl> There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015. The Fed describes the type of labor market analyses it performs in making interest rate decisions in the minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee, its policy governing body, among other channels.", "sentence_answer": "U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools <hl> for managing the unemployment rate. <hl> There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6642b22cd4dfcfbe7e3"}
{"question": "What can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic?", "paragraph": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges).  Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "answer": "compactness theorem", "sentence": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem . <hl> For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_answer": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the <hl> compactness theorem <hl>. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "sentence_answer": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the <hl> compactness theorem <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66a5172b22cd4dfcfbe39b"}
{"question": "By what year had the number of African slaves become larger than the number of Tupani on Brazilian sugar plantations?", "paragraph": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By 1630, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "answer": "1630", "sentence": "By 1630 , Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations.", "paragraph_sentence": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. <hl> By 1630 , Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. <hl> This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "paragraph_answer": "The trade of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic has its origins in the explorations of Portuguese mariners down the coast of West Africa in the 15th century. Before that, contact with African slave markets was made to ransom Portuguese who had been captured by the intense North African Barbary pirate attacks on Portuguese ships and coastal villages, frequently leaving them depopulated. The first Europeans to use enslaved Africans in the New World were the Spaniards, who sought auxiliaries for their conquest expeditions and labourers on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola. The alarming decline in the native population had spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512\u201313). The first enslaved Africans arrived in Hispaniola in 1501. After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations (engenhos) in northern Brazil ca. 1545, Portuguese merchants on the West African coast began to supply enslaved Africans to the sugar planters. While at first these planters had relied almost exclusively on the native Tupani for slave labour, after 1570 they began importing Africans, as a series of epidemics had decimated the already destabilized Tupani communities. By <hl> 1630 <hl>, Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations. This ended the European medieval household tradition of slavery, resulted in Brazil's receiving the most enslaved Africans, and revealed sugar cultivation and processing as the reason that roughly 84% of these Africans were shipped to the New World.", "sentence_answer": "By <hl> 1630 <hl> , Africans had replaced the Tupani as the largest contingent of labour on Brazilian sugar plantations.", "paragraph_id": "5d65da752b22cd4dfcfbcf1e"}
{"question": "When did Adolphe Sax invent the saxophone?", "paragraph": "The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840. Adolphe Sax wanted to create a group or series of instruments that would be the most powerful and vocal of the woodwinds, and the most adaptive of the brass instruments, that would fill the vacant middle ground between the two sections. He patented the saxophone on June 28, 1846, in two groups of seven instruments each. Each series consisted of instruments of various sizes in alternating transposition. The series pitched in B\u266d and E\u266d, designed for military bands, have proved extremely popular and most saxophones encountered today are from this series. Instruments from the so-called \"orchestral\" series, pitched in C and F, never gained a foothold, and the B\u266d and E\u266d instruments have now replaced the C and F instruments when the saxophone is used in the orchestra.", "answer": "1840", "sentence": "The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. <hl> The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1840 . <hl> Adolphe Sax wanted to create a group or series of instruments that would be the most powerful and vocal of the woodwinds, and the most adaptive of the brass instruments, that would fill the vacant middle ground between the two sections. He patented the saxophone on June 28, 1846, in two groups of seven instruments each. Each series consisted of instruments of various sizes in alternating transposition. The series pitched in B\u266d and E\u266d, designed for military bands, have proved extremely popular and most saxophones encountered today are from this series. Instruments from the so-called \"orchestral\" series, pitched in C and F, never gained a foothold, and the B\u266d and E\u266d instruments have now replaced the C and F instruments when the saxophone is used in the orchestra.", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a family of woodwind instruments. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in <hl> 1840 <hl>. Adolphe Sax wanted to create a group or series of instruments that would be the most powerful and vocal of the woodwinds, and the most adaptive of the brass instruments, that would fill the vacant middle ground between the two sections. He patented the saxophone on June 28, 1846, in two groups of seven instruments each. Each series consisted of instruments of various sizes in alternating transposition. The series pitched in B\u266d and E\u266d, designed for military bands, have proved extremely popular and most saxophones encountered today are from this series. Instruments from the so-called \"orchestral\" series, pitched in C and F, never gained a foothold, and the B\u266d and E\u266d instruments have now replaced the C and F instruments when the saxophone is used in the orchestra.", "sentence_answer": "The saxophone family was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in <hl> 1840 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6740422b22cd4dfcfbf3f9"}
{"question": "How many times in six elections had the Republican candidate received fewer votes than the Democrat counterpart?", "paragraph": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. In the aftermath of the loss, some prominent Republicans spoke out against their own party; for example, 1996 Republican Presidential candidate and longtime former Senator Bob Dole said, \"today's GOP members are too conservative and overly partisan. They ought to put a sign on the National Committee doors that says closed for repairs\". Former Senator Olympia Snowe of Maine stated as well that she was in agreement with Dole. Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (under George H.W. Bush) and former Secretary of State (under George W. Bush) Colin Powell remarked that the GOP has \"a dark vein of intolerance in some parts of the party\", commenting about the birther movement \"[w]hy do senior Republican leaders tolerate this kind of discussion within the party?\" and \"I think the party has to take a look at itself.\" The CRNC released a report in June 2013 that was highly critical of the party, being titled \"Grand Old Party for a Brand New Generation\".", "answer": "the fifth time", "sentence": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. <hl> In the aftermath of the loss, some prominent Republicans spoke out against their own party; for example, 1996 Republican Presidential candidate and longtime former Senator Bob Dole said, \"today's GOP members are too conservative and overly partisan. They ought to put a sign on the National Committee doors that says closed for repairs\". Former Senator Olympia Snowe of Maine stated as well that she was in agreement with Dole. Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (under George H.W. Bush) and former Secretary of State (under George W. Bush) Colin Powell remarked that the GOP has \"a dark vein of intolerance in some parts of the party\", commenting about the birther movement \"[w]hy do senior Republican leaders tolerate this kind of discussion within the party?\" and \"I think the party has to take a look at itself.\" The CRNC released a report in June 2013 that was highly critical of the party, being titled \"Grand Old Party for a Brand New Generation\".", "paragraph_answer": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, <hl> the fifth time <hl> in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. In the aftermath of the loss, some prominent Republicans spoke out against their own party; for example, 1996 Republican Presidential candidate and longtime former Senator Bob Dole said, \"today's GOP members are too conservative and overly partisan. They ought to put a sign on the National Committee doors that says closed for repairs\". Former Senator Olympia Snowe of Maine stated as well that she was in agreement with Dole. Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (under George H.W. Bush) and former Secretary of State (under George W. Bush) Colin Powell remarked that the GOP has \"a dark vein of intolerance in some parts of the party\", commenting about the birther movement \"[w]hy do senior Republican leaders tolerate this kind of discussion within the party?\" and \"I think the party has to take a look at itself.\" The CRNC released a report in June 2013 that was highly critical of the party, being titled \"Grand Old Party for a Brand New Generation\".", "sentence_answer": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, <hl> the fifth time <hl> in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d9612b22cd4dfcfc0314"}
{"question": "Types of Old English elements may be found in the second part of what kind of names?", "paragraph": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "answer": "habitational", "sentence": "Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names.", "paragraph_sentence": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. <hl> Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of habitational names. <hl> The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "paragraph_answer": "Location (toponymic, habitation) names derive from the inhabited location associated with the person given that name. Such locations can be any type of settlement, such as: homesteads, farms, enclosures, villages, hamlets, strongholds or cottages. One element of a habitation name may describe the type of settlement. Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of <hl> habitational <hl> names. The habitative elements in such names can differ in meaning, according to different periods, different locations, or with being used with certain other elements. For example, the Old English element t\u016bn may have originally meant \"enclosure\" in one name, but can have meant \"farmstead\", \"village\", \"manor\", or \"estate\" in other names.", "sentence_answer": "Examples of Old English elements are frequently found in the second element of <hl> habitational <hl> names.", "paragraph_id": "5d6739a42b22cd4dfcfbf302"}
{"question": "Who was the first person to name it The Baltic Sea?", "paragraph": "While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the first to name it the Baltic Sea (Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler Adam of Bremen. The origin of the latter name is speculative. It might be connected to the Germanic word belt, a name used for two of the Danish straits, the Belts, while others claim it to be derived from Latin balteus (belt). Adam of Bremen himself compared the sea with a belt, stating that it is so named because it stretches through the land as a belt (Balticus, eo quod in modum baltei longo tractu per Scithicas regiones tendatur usque in Greciam). He might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder. Pliny mentions an island named Baltia (or Balcia) with reference to accounts of Pytheas and Xenophon. It is possible that Pliny refers to an island named Basilia (\"kingdom\" or \"royal\") in On the Ocean by Pytheas. Baltia also might be derived from \"belt\" and mean \"near belt of sea (strait).\" Meanwhile, others have concluded that the name of the island originates from the Indo-European root *bhel meaning white, fair. This root and its basic meaning were retained in both Lithuanian (as baltas) and Latvian (as balts). On this basis, a related hypothesis holds that the name originated from this Indo-European root via a Baltic language such as Lithuanian. Another explanation is that, while derived from the aforementioned root, the name of the sea is related to names for various forms of water and related substances in several European languages, that might have been originally associated with colors found in swamps. Yet another explanation is that the name originally meant \"enclosed sea, bay\" as opposed to open sea.\nSome Swedish historians believe the name derives from the god Balder of Nordic mythology.", "answer": "Adam of Bremen", "sentence": "While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the first to name it the Baltic Sea (Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler Adam of Bremen .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the first to name it the Baltic Sea (Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler Adam of Bremen . <hl> The origin of the latter name is speculative. It might be connected to the Germanic word belt, a name used for two of the Danish straits, the Belts, while others claim it to be derived from Latin balteus (belt). Adam of Bremen himself compared the sea with a belt, stating that it is so named because it stretches through the land as a belt (Balticus, eo quod in modum baltei longo tractu per Scithicas regiones tendatur usque in Greciam). He might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder. Pliny mentions an island named Baltia (or Balcia) with reference to accounts of Pytheas and Xenophon. It is possible that Pliny refers to an island named Basilia (\"kingdom\" or \"royal\") in On the Ocean by Pytheas. Baltia also might be derived from \"belt\" and mean \"near belt of sea (strait).\" Meanwhile, others have concluded that the name of the island originates from the Indo-European root *bhel meaning white, fair. This root and its basic meaning were retained in both Lithuanian (as baltas) and Latvian (as balts). On this basis, a related hypothesis holds that the name originated from this Indo-European root via a Baltic language such as Lithuanian. Another explanation is that, while derived from the aforementioned root, the name of the sea is related to names for various forms of water and related substances in several European languages, that might have been originally associated with colors found in swamps. Yet another explanation is that the name originally meant \"enclosed sea, bay\" as opposed to open sea. Some Swedish historians believe the name derives from the god Balder of Nordic mythology.", "paragraph_answer": "While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the first to name it the Baltic Sea (Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler <hl> Adam of Bremen <hl>. The origin of the latter name is speculative. It might be connected to the Germanic word belt, a name used for two of the Danish straits, the Belts, while others claim it to be derived from Latin balteus (belt). Adam of Bremen himself compared the sea with a belt, stating that it is so named because it stretches through the land as a belt (Balticus, eo quod in modum baltei longo tractu per Scithicas regiones tendatur usque in Greciam). He might also have been influenced by the name of a legendary island mentioned in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder. Pliny mentions an island named Baltia (or Balcia) with reference to accounts of Pytheas and Xenophon. It is possible that Pliny refers to an island named Basilia (\"kingdom\" or \"royal\") in On the Ocean by Pytheas. Baltia also might be derived from \"belt\" and mean \"near belt of sea (strait).\" Meanwhile, others have concluded that the name of the island originates from the Indo-European root *bhel meaning white, fair. This root and its basic meaning were retained in both Lithuanian (as baltas) and Latvian (as balts). On this basis, a related hypothesis holds that the name originated from this Indo-European root via a Baltic language such as Lithuanian. Another explanation is that, while derived from the aforementioned root, the name of the sea is related to names for various forms of water and related substances in several European languages, that might have been originally associated with colors found in swamps. Yet another explanation is that the name originally meant \"enclosed sea, bay\" as opposed to open sea. Some Swedish historians believe the name derives from the god Balder of Nordic mythology.", "sentence_answer": "While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people called the Suebi, the first to name it the Baltic Sea (Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler <hl> Adam of Bremen <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d665c272b22cd4dfcfbdc8c"}
{"question": "What is the literacy state's average?", "paragraph": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "answer": "70.5 percent", "sentence": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of 70.5 percent (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). <hl> In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of <hl> 70.5 percent <hl> (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent). In 1995, out of 135,000 Muslims, 5,704 had matriculated from secondary school. There was a total of 1,822 who had graduated in addition to 86 technical and professional graduates. There were 51 Class I Muslim officers including three women, 101 Class II officers and 1,270 and 1,663 employees belonging to Class III and IV categories respectively.", "sentence_answer": "The literacy rate among Muslims is 58.6 percent (male 75 percent and female 41.6 percent) below the state's average of <hl> 70.5 percent <hl> (male 80.3 percent and female 60.5 percent).", "paragraph_id": "5d6836ff2b22cd4dfcfc0689"}
{"question": "What kind of work did the merchants have the newly arrived immigrants do in their homes?", "paragraph": "Some immigrants who just arrived purchased farms and shared in this export wealth, but many poor German and Irish immigrants were forced to work as agricultural wage laborers. Merchants and artisans also hired these homeless workers for a domestic system for the manufacture of cloth and other goods. Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes spinning the materials into yarn and cloth. Large farmers and merchants became wealthy, while farmers with smaller farms and artisans only made enough for subsistence. The Mid-Atlantic region, by 1750, was divided by both ethnic background and wealth.", "answer": "spinning the materials into yarn and cloth", "sentence": "Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes spinning the materials into yarn and cloth .", "paragraph_sentence": "Some immigrants who just arrived purchased farms and shared in this export wealth, but many poor German and Irish immigrants were forced to work as agricultural wage laborers. Merchants and artisans also hired these homeless workers for a domestic system for the manufacture of cloth and other goods. <hl> Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes spinning the materials into yarn and cloth . <hl> Large farmers and merchants became wealthy, while farmers with smaller farms and artisans only made enough for subsistence. The Mid-Atlantic region, by 1750, was divided by both ethnic background and wealth.", "paragraph_answer": "Some immigrants who just arrived purchased farms and shared in this export wealth, but many poor German and Irish immigrants were forced to work as agricultural wage laborers. Merchants and artisans also hired these homeless workers for a domestic system for the manufacture of cloth and other goods. Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes <hl> spinning the materials into yarn and cloth <hl>. Large farmers and merchants became wealthy, while farmers with smaller farms and artisans only made enough for subsistence. The Mid-Atlantic region, by 1750, was divided by both ethnic background and wealth.", "sentence_answer": "Merchants often bought wool and flax from farmers and employed newly arrived immigrants, who had been textile workers in Ireland and Germany, to work in their homes <hl> spinning the materials into yarn and cloth <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660c592b22cd4dfcfbd6ed"}
{"question": "What does the Insurance Services Office create?", "paragraph": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "answer": "standard policy forms and rating loss costs", "sentence": "Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. <hl> Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces <hl> standard policy forms and rating loss costs <hl> and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "sentence_answer": "Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces <hl> standard policy forms and rating loss costs <hl> and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5f62b22cd4dfcfbcc95"}
{"question": "When was the successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia?", "paragraph": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "answer": "1924", "sentence": "However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924 , resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "paragraph_sentence": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. <hl> However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924 , resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in <hl> 1924 <hl>, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "sentence_answer": "However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in <hl> 1924 <hl> , resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6817132b22cd4dfcfc05a7"}
{"question": "What years did Rotterdam have trouble filling pop music venues?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed]  Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music.\nThere are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "answer": "2005\u20132011", "sentence": "In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed]  Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems.", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. <hl> In the years 2005\u20132011 the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. <hl> This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music. There are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam features some urban architecture projects, nightlife, and many summer festivals celebrating the city's multicultural population and identity, such as the Caribbean-inspired \"Summer Carnival\", the Dance Parade, Rotterdam 666, the Metropolis pop festival and the World Port days. In the years <hl> 2005\u20132011 <hl> the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems. This resulted in the disappearance of the major music venues Nighttown and WATT and smaller stages such as Waterfront, Exit, and Heidegger. Currently the city has a few venues for pop music like Rotown, Poortgebouw. The venue WORM focuses on experimental music and related cutting edge subcultural music. There are also the International Film Festival in January, the Poetry International Festival in June, the North Sea Jazz Festival in July, the Valery Gergiev Festival in September, September in Rotterdam and the World of the Witte de With. In June 1970, The Holland Pop Festival (which featured Jefferson Airplane, The Byrds, Canned Heat, It's a Beautiful Day, and Santana) was held and filmed at the Stamping Grounds in Rotterdam.", "sentence_answer": "In the years <hl> 2005\u20132011 <hl> the city struggled with venues for popmusic.[citation needed] Many of the venues suffered severe financial problems.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b9422b22cd4dfcfc008a"}
{"question": "What world is unfamiliar with compound surnames?", "paragraph": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o. This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world, since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname. Although Mi\u00f1o did start off as the maternal surname in this compound surname, it was many generations ago, around five centuries, that it became compounded, and henceforth inherited and passed on as a compound.", "answer": "the Hispanic world", "sentence": "This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world , since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname.", "paragraph_sentence": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o. <hl> This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world , since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname. <hl> Although Mi\u00f1o did start off as the maternal surname in this compound surname, it was many generations ago, around five centuries, that it became compounded, and henceforth inherited and passed on as a compound.", "paragraph_answer": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o. This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in <hl> the Hispanic world <hl>, since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname. Although Mi\u00f1o did start off as the maternal surname in this compound surname, it was many generations ago, around five centuries, that it became compounded, and henceforth inherited and passed on as a compound.", "sentence_answer": "This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in <hl> the Hispanic world <hl> , since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname.", "paragraph_id": "5d676cc02b22cd4dfcfbfb0f"}
{"question": "What name does Alaska use for county?", "paragraph": "Member states of the United States are then typically subdivided into counties. Louisiana uses the term parish and Alaska uses the term borough for what the Census terms county-equivalents in those states.", "answer": "borough", "sentence": "Louisiana uses the term parish and Alaska uses the term borough for what the Census terms county-equivalents in those states.", "paragraph_sentence": "Member states of the United States are then typically subdivided into counties. <hl> Louisiana uses the term parish and Alaska uses the term borough for what the Census terms county-equivalents in those states. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Member states of the United States are then typically subdivided into counties. Louisiana uses the term parish and Alaska uses the term <hl> borough <hl> for what the Census terms county-equivalents in those states.", "sentence_answer": "Louisiana uses the term parish and Alaska uses the term <hl> borough <hl> for what the Census terms county-equivalents in those states.", "paragraph_id": "5d67714b2b22cd4dfcfbfbd3"}
{"question": "In what category have the foreign coverage reporters received recognition at the British Press Awards?", "paragraph": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "answer": "Foreign Reporter of the Year", "sentence": "The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "paragraph_sentence": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. <hl> The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the <hl> Foreign Reporter of the Year <hl> category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "sentence_answer": "The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the <hl> Foreign Reporter of the Year <hl> category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "paragraph_id": "5d672fbe2b22cd4dfcfbf200"}
{"question": "What is another way that tobacco becomes a risk to health?", "paragraph": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "answer": "from exposure to second-hand smoke.", "sentence": "Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. <hl> Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also <hl> from exposure to second-hand smoke. <hl> Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "sentence_answer": "Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also <hl> from exposure to second-hand smoke. <hl> Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "paragraph_id": "5d65bf9f2b22cd4dfcfbcb41"}
{"question": "Who designed the Van Nelle fabriek in Rotterdam in 1929?", "paragraph": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.\nIn the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nDuring the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "answer": "Brinkman en Van der Vlugt", "sentence": "Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt , the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. <hl> Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt , the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. <hl> en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by <hl> Brinkman en Van der Vlugt <hl>, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "sentence_answer": "Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by <hl> Brinkman en Van der Vlugt <hl> , the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr.", "paragraph_id": "5d672ae02b22cd4dfcfbf16b"}
{"question": "How many visitors came to Istanbul in 2015?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "answer": "12.56", "sentence": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. <hl> Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed <hl> 12.56 <hl> million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed <hl> 12.56 <hl> million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f2882b22cd4dfcfbd38d"}
{"question": "What year did football start at Pitt?", "paragraph": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "answer": "1890", "sentence": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890 . <hl> During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "paragraph_answer": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since <hl> 1890 <hl>. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "sentence_answer": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since <hl> 1890 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8772b22cd4dfcfbe87b"}
{"question": "Where did Istanbul rank in 2011?", "paragraph": "With a PPP-adjusted gross domestic product of US$301.1 billion, Istanbul ranked 29th among the world's urban areas in 2011. Since the mid-1990s, Istanbul's economy has been one of the fastest-growing among OECD metro-regions. Istanbul is responsible for 27 percent of Turkey's GDP, with 20 percent of the country's industrial labor force residing in the city. Its GDP per capita and productivity are greater than their national averages by 70 percent and 50 percent, respectively, owing in part to the focus on high-value-added activities. With its high population and significant contribution to the Turkish economy, Istanbul is responsible for two-fifths of the nation's tax revenue. That includes the taxes of 37 billionaires based in Istanbul, the fifth-highest number among cities around the world.", "answer": "29th", "sentence": "With a PPP-adjusted gross domestic product of US$301.1 billion, Istanbul ranked 29th among the world's urban areas in 2011.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With a PPP-adjusted gross domestic product of US$301.1 billion, Istanbul ranked 29th among the world's urban areas in 2011. <hl> Since the mid-1990s, Istanbul's economy has been one of the fastest-growing among OECD metro-regions. Istanbul is responsible for 27 percent of Turkey's GDP, with 20 percent of the country's industrial labor force residing in the city. Its GDP per capita and productivity are greater than their national averages by 70 percent and 50 percent, respectively, owing in part to the focus on high-value-added activities. With its high population and significant contribution to the Turkish economy, Istanbul is responsible for two-fifths of the nation's tax revenue. That includes the taxes of 37 billionaires based in Istanbul, the fifth-highest number among cities around the world.", "paragraph_answer": "With a PPP-adjusted gross domestic product of US$301.1 billion, Istanbul ranked <hl> 29th <hl> among the world's urban areas in 2011. Since the mid-1990s, Istanbul's economy has been one of the fastest-growing among OECD metro-regions. Istanbul is responsible for 27 percent of Turkey's GDP, with 20 percent of the country's industrial labor force residing in the city. Its GDP per capita and productivity are greater than their national averages by 70 percent and 50 percent, respectively, owing in part to the focus on high-value-added activities. With its high population and significant contribution to the Turkish economy, Istanbul is responsible for two-fifths of the nation's tax revenue. That includes the taxes of 37 billionaires based in Istanbul, the fifth-highest number among cities around the world.", "sentence_answer": "With a PPP-adjusted gross domestic product of US$301.1 billion, Istanbul ranked <hl> 29th <hl> among the world's urban areas in 2011.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eee22b22cd4dfcfbd30c"}
{"question": "Who participated in the 3rd Council?", "paragraph": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "answer": "Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen", "sentence": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. <hl> The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "paragraph_answer": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and <hl> Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen <hl> participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "sentence_answer": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and <hl> Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen <hl> participating.", "paragraph_id": "5d6577c42b22cd4dfcfbc92b"}
{"question": "What conference do all varsity sports teams, except for gymnastics, compete in?", "paragraph": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "answer": "Atlantic Coast", "sentence": "All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL).", "paragraph_sentence": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. <hl> All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). <hl> The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "paragraph_answer": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the <hl> Atlantic Coast <hl> Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "sentence_answer": "All varsity sports teams compete as members of the <hl> Atlantic Coast <hl> Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f84b2b22cd4dfcfbe85e"}
{"question": "The Russian-American Company was started in which year?", "paragraph": "Russia explored the area that became Alaska starting with the Second Kamchatka expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s. Their first settlement was founded in 1784 by Grigory Shelikhov. The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters. In 1867 the U.S. purchased Alaska and nearly all Russians abandoned the area except a few missionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church working among the natives.", "answer": "1799", "sentence": "The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters.", "paragraph_sentence": "Russia explored the area that became Alaska starting with the Second Kamchatka expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s. Their first settlement was founded in 1784 by Grigory Shelikhov. <hl> The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters. <hl> In 1867 the U.S. purchased Alaska and nearly all Russians abandoned the area except a few missionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church working among the natives.", "paragraph_answer": "Russia explored the area that became Alaska starting with the Second Kamchatka expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s. Their first settlement was founded in 1784 by Grigory Shelikhov. The Russian-American Company was formed in <hl> 1799 <hl> with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters. In 1867 the U.S. purchased Alaska and nearly all Russians abandoned the area except a few missionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church working among the natives.", "sentence_answer": "The Russian-American Company was formed in <hl> 1799 <hl> with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of buying sea otters for their fur from native hunters.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6b92b22cd4dfcfbd1ea"}
{"question": "Lowenheim-Skolem theorem compares infinite cardinality to what?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "answer": "models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb", "sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb . <hl> One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has <hl> models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb <hl>. One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "sentence_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has <hl> models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6718d12b22cd4dfcfbef2a"}
{"question": "Before Republicans became conservative which ideologies did they promote?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "classical liberalism and progressivism", "sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism . <hl> The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated <hl> classical liberalism and progressivism <hl>. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated <hl> classical liberalism and progressivism <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673dac2b22cd4dfcfbf3c1"}
{"question": "When was the first organized indoor game of hockey?", "paragraph": "While the game's origins lie elsewhere, Montreal is at the center of the development of the sport of contemporary ice hockey. On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. Instead of a ball or bung, the game featured a \"flat circular piece of wood\" (to keep it in the rink and to protect spectators). The goal posts were 8 feet (2.4 m) apart (today's goals are six feet wide).", "answer": "March 3, 1875", "sentence": "On March 3, 1875 , the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students.", "paragraph_sentence": "While the game's origins lie elsewhere, Montreal is at the center of the development of the sport of contemporary ice hockey. <hl> On March 3, 1875 , the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. <hl> Instead of a ball or bung, the game featured a \"flat circular piece of wood\" (to keep it in the rink and to protect spectators). The goal posts were 8 feet (2.4 m) apart (today's goals are six feet wide).", "paragraph_answer": "While the game's origins lie elsewhere, Montreal is at the center of the development of the sport of contemporary ice hockey. On <hl> March 3, 1875 <hl>, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. Instead of a ball or bung, the game featured a \"flat circular piece of wood\" (to keep it in the rink and to protect spectators). The goal posts were 8 feet (2.4 m) apart (today's goals are six feet wide).", "sentence_answer": "On <hl> March 3, 1875 <hl> , the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e17c2b22cd4dfcfbd0c4"}
{"question": "What place was chosen as the host of the Grand Depart of 2010 for the Tour de France?", "paragraph": "In November 2008 Rotterdam was chosen as the host of the Grand D\u00e9part of the 2010 Tour de France.\nRotterdam won the selection over the Dutch city of Utrecht. Germany's D\u00fcsseldorf had previously also expressed interest in hosting. The Amaury Sport Organization (ASO), organizer of the Tour de France, said in a statement on its web site that it chose Rotterdam because, in addition to it being another big city, like London, to showcase the use of bikes for urban transportation, it provided a location well positioned considering the rest of the route envisioned for the 2010 event.", "answer": "Rotterdam", "sentence": "In November 2008 Rotterdam was chosen as the host of the Grand D\u00e9part of the 2010 Tour de France.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In November 2008 Rotterdam was chosen as the host of the Grand D\u00e9part of the 2010 Tour de France. <hl> Rotterdam won the selection over the Dutch city of Utrecht. Germany's D\u00fcsseldorf had previously also expressed interest in hosting. The Amaury Sport Organization (ASO), organizer of the Tour de France, said in a statement on its web site that it chose Rotterdam because, in addition to it being another big city, like London, to showcase the use of bikes for urban transportation, it provided a location well positioned considering the rest of the route envisioned for the 2010 event.", "paragraph_answer": "In November 2008 <hl> Rotterdam <hl> was chosen as the host of the Grand D\u00e9part of the 2010 Tour de France. Rotterdam won the selection over the Dutch city of Utrecht. Germany's D\u00fcsseldorf had previously also expressed interest in hosting. The Amaury Sport Organization (ASO), organizer of the Tour de France, said in a statement on its web site that it chose Rotterdam because, in addition to it being another big city, like London, to showcase the use of bikes for urban transportation, it provided a location well positioned considering the rest of the route envisioned for the 2010 event.", "sentence_answer": "In November 2008 <hl> Rotterdam <hl> was chosen as the host of the Grand D\u00e9part of the 2010 Tour de France.", "paragraph_id": "5d672f3a2b22cd4dfcfbf1e8"}
{"question": "To whom did Connecticut give up territory in 1786?", "paragraph": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land\nextending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "answer": "U.S. government", "sentence": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. <hl> Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the <hl> U.S. government <hl> that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "sentence_answer": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the <hl> U.S. government <hl> that became part of the Northwest Territory.", "paragraph_id": "5d6782f22b22cd4dfcfbfdc2"}
{"question": "What level of precipitation does Istanbul have?", "paragraph": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "answer": "in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in)", "sentence": "Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in) , depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. <hl> Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in) , depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. <hl> Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "paragraph_answer": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation <hl> in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in) <hl>, depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "sentence_answer": "Since precipitation <hl> in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in) <hl> , depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical.", "paragraph_id": "5d67572e2b22cd4dfcfbf792"}
{"question": "What kind of integers are used to process and compute the greatest common divisor?", "paragraph": "Functions that send integers to integers, or finite strings to finite strings, can sometimes be defined by an algorithm, which gives a precise description of a set of steps for computing the output of the function from its input. Functions definable by an algorithm are called computable functions. For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of two positive integers. Many of the functions studied in the context of number theory are computable.", "answer": "two positive integers", "sentence": "For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of two positive integers .", "paragraph_sentence": "Functions that send integers to integers, or finite strings to finite strings, can sometimes be defined by an algorithm, which gives a precise description of a set of steps for computing the output of the function from its input. Functions definable by an algorithm are called computable functions. <hl> For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of two positive integers . <hl> Many of the functions studied in the context of number theory are computable.", "paragraph_answer": "Functions that send integers to integers, or finite strings to finite strings, can sometimes be defined by an algorithm, which gives a precise description of a set of steps for computing the output of the function from its input. Functions definable by an algorithm are called computable functions. For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of <hl> two positive integers <hl>. Many of the functions studied in the context of number theory are computable.", "sentence_answer": "For example, the Euclidean algorithm gives a precise process to compute the greatest common divisor of <hl> two positive integers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6618262b22cd4dfcfbd84e"}
{"question": "What material is commonly used to feature low relief?", "paragraph": "In later Western art, until a 20th-century revival, low relief was used mostly for smaller works or combined with higher relief to convey a sense of distance, or to give depth to the composition, especially for scenes with many figures and a landscape or architectural background, in the same way that lighter colours are used for the same purpose in painting. Thus figures in the foreground are sculpted in high-relief, those in the background in low-relief. Low relief may use any medium or technique of sculpture, stone carving and metal casting being most common. Large architectural compositions all in low relief saw a revival in the 20th century, being popular on buildings in Art Deco and related styles, which borrowed from the ancient low reliefs now available in museums. Some sculptors, including Eric Gill, have adopted the \"squashed\" depth of low relief in works that are actually free-standing.", "answer": "any medium or technique of sculpture, stone carving and metal casting", "sentence": "Low relief may use any medium or technique of sculpture, stone carving and metal casting being most common.", "paragraph_sentence": "In later Western art, until a 20th-century revival, low relief was used mostly for smaller works or combined with higher relief to convey a sense of distance, or to give depth to the composition, especially for scenes with many figures and a landscape or architectural background, in the same way that lighter colours are used for the same purpose in painting. Thus figures in the foreground are sculpted in high-relief, those in the background in low-relief. <hl> Low relief may use any medium or technique of sculpture, stone carving and metal casting being most common. <hl> Large architectural compositions all in low relief saw a revival in the 20th century, being popular on buildings in Art Deco and related styles, which borrowed from the ancient low reliefs now available in museums. Some sculptors, including Eric Gill, have adopted the \"squashed\" depth of low relief in works that are actually free-standing.", "paragraph_answer": "In later Western art, until a 20th-century revival, low relief was used mostly for smaller works or combined with higher relief to convey a sense of distance, or to give depth to the composition, especially for scenes with many figures and a landscape or architectural background, in the same way that lighter colours are used for the same purpose in painting. Thus figures in the foreground are sculpted in high-relief, those in the background in low-relief. Low relief may use <hl> any medium or technique of sculpture, stone carving and metal casting <hl> being most common. Large architectural compositions all in low relief saw a revival in the 20th century, being popular on buildings in Art Deco and related styles, which borrowed from the ancient low reliefs now available in museums. Some sculptors, including Eric Gill, have adopted the \"squashed\" depth of low relief in works that are actually free-standing.", "sentence_answer": "Low relief may use <hl> any medium or technique of sculpture, stone carving and metal casting <hl> being most common.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c6bc2b22cd4dfcfc01cc"}
{"question": "Who was Mao Zedong fighting in a civil war originally, then cooperated to fight the Japanese?", "paragraph": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "answer": "Kuomintang", "sentence": "In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces.", "paragraph_sentence": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. <hl> In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. <hl> In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_answer": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the <hl> Kuomintang <hl> and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "sentence_answer": "In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the <hl> Kuomintang <hl> and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f51f2b22cd4dfcfbe783"}
{"question": "Who plays in the ECHL?", "paragraph": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "answer": "mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams", "sentence": "The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams .", "paragraph_sentence": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. <hl> The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams . <hl> The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "paragraph_answer": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a <hl> mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams <hl>. The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "sentence_answer": "The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a <hl> mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661f492b22cd4dfcfbd965"}
{"question": "What do you choose for a three-dimensional space?", "paragraph": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis.  As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line.  The coordinates of a point P are obtained by drawing a line through P perpendicular to each coordinate axis, and reading the points where these lines meet the axes as three numbers of these number lines.", "answer": "an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis.", "sentence": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis.  As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis. As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line. <hl> The coordinates of a point P are obtained by drawing a line through P perpendicular to each coordinate axis, and reading the points where these lines meet the axes as three numbers of these number lines.", "paragraph_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing <hl> an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis. <hl> As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line. The coordinates of a point P are obtained by drawing a line through P perpendicular to each coordinate axis, and reading the points where these lines meet the axes as three numbers of these number lines.", "sentence_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing <hl> an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis. <hl> As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715d42b22cd4dfcfbeeb2"}
{"question": "Of what essential nature is a decentralized structure relative to its component institutional elements?", "paragraph": "Participation\nIn decentralization the principle of subsidiarity is often invoked. It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "answer": "a system of co-responsibility", "sentence": "According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Participation In decentralization the principle of subsidiarity is often invoked. It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. <hl> According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Participation In decentralization the principle of subsidiarity is often invoked. It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is <hl> a system of co-responsibility <hl> between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "sentence_answer": "According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is <hl> a system of co-responsibility <hl> between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65f07c2b22cd4dfcfbd344"}
{"question": "What is the fourth largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin?", "paragraph": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "answer": "Ambarl\u0131", "sentence": "Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131 , and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara.", "paragraph_sentence": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. <hl> Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131 , and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. <hl> Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "paragraph_answer": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of <hl> Ambarl\u0131 <hl>, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of <hl> Ambarl\u0131 <hl> , and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1772b22cd4dfcfbd36a"}
{"question": "Where do minor parties appear?", "paragraph": "More specifically, the status of \"major party\" is usually reconfirmed every four years, as belonging to the two parties that polled best, statewide, in the gubernatorial column; this status includes the benefit of appearing in one of the top two rows on the ballot provided the party has at least one candidate on the ballot. Minor parties appear below major parties, and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear.", "answer": "below major parties", "sentence": "Minor parties appear below major parties , and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear.", "paragraph_sentence": "More specifically, the status of \"major party\" is usually reconfirmed every four years, as belonging to the two parties that polled best, statewide, in the gubernatorial column; this status includes the benefit of appearing in one of the top two rows on the ballot provided the party has at least one candidate on the ballot. <hl> Minor parties appear below major parties , and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "More specifically, the status of \"major party\" is usually reconfirmed every four years, as belonging to the two parties that polled best, statewide, in the gubernatorial column; this status includes the benefit of appearing in one of the top two rows on the ballot provided the party has at least one candidate on the ballot. Minor parties appear <hl> below major parties <hl>, and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear.", "sentence_answer": "Minor parties appear <hl> below major parties <hl> , and their performance in recent elections determines whether a candidates who wins in their nomination process must also meet a petitioning threshold in order to appear.", "paragraph_id": "5d66820d2b22cd4dfcfbe135"}
{"question": "estrogen testosterone and cortisol are all what type of hormones?", "paragraph": "In recent years, evidence has emerged showing that lipid signaling is a vital part of the cell signaling. Lipid signaling may occur via activation of G protein-coupled or nuclear receptors, and members of several different lipid categories have been identified as signaling molecules and cellular messengers. These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists. Phosphatidylserine lipids are known to be involved in signaling for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and/or pieces of cells. They accomplish this by being exposed to the extracellular face of the cell membrane after the inactivation of flippases which place them exclusively on the cytosolic side and the activation of scramblases, which scramble the orientation of the phospholipids. After this occurs, other cells recognize the phosphatidylserines and phagocytosize the cells or cell fragments exposing them.", "answer": "steroid", "sentence": "These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years, evidence has emerged showing that lipid signaling is a vital part of the cell signaling. Lipid signaling may occur via activation of G protein-coupled or nuclear receptors, and members of several different lipid categories have been identified as signaling molecules and cellular messengers. <hl> These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists. <hl> Phosphatidylserine lipids are known to be involved in signaling for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and/or pieces of cells. They accomplish this by being exposed to the extracellular face of the cell membrane after the inactivation of flippases which place them exclusively on the cytosolic side and the activation of scramblases, which scramble the orientation of the phospholipids. After this occurs, other cells recognize the phosphatidylserines and phagocytosize the cells or cell fragments exposing them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, evidence has emerged showing that lipid signaling is a vital part of the cell signaling. Lipid signaling may occur via activation of G protein-coupled or nuclear receptors, and members of several different lipid categories have been identified as signaling molecules and cellular messengers. These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the <hl> steroid <hl> hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists. Phosphatidylserine lipids are known to be involved in signaling for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and/or pieces of cells. They accomplish this by being exposed to the extracellular face of the cell membrane after the inactivation of flippases which place them exclusively on the cytosolic side and the activation of scramblases, which scramble the orientation of the phospholipids. After this occurs, other cells recognize the phosphatidylserines and phagocytosize the cells or cell fragments exposing them.", "sentence_answer": "These include sphingosine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid derived from ceramide that is a potent messenger molecule involved in regulating calcium mobilization, cell growth, and apoptosis; diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs), involved in calcium-mediated activation of protein kinase C; the prostaglandins, which are one type of fatty-acid derived eicosanoid involved in inflammation and immunity; the <hl> steroid <hl> hormones such as estrogen, testosterone and cortisol, which modulate a host of functions such as reproduction, metabolism and blood pressure; and the oxysterols such as 25-hydroxy-cholesterol that are liver X receptor agonists.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ee4e2b22cd4dfcfc0420"}
{"question": "When was Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe started?", "paragraph": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries. Ranganiketan (literally \"House of Colorful Arts\") is a group of more than 20 dancers, musicians, singers, martial artists, choreographers and craft artisans.[citation needed] Some of them have received international acclaim.", "answer": "1989", "sentence": "In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. <hl> In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries. <hl> Ranganiketan (literally \"House of Colorful Arts\") is a group of more than 20 dancers, musicians, singers, martial artists, choreographers and craft artisans.[citation needed] Some of them have received international acclaim.", "paragraph_answer": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. In <hl> 1989 <hl> he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries. Ranganiketan (literally \"House of Colorful Arts\") is a group of more than 20 dancers, musicians, singers, martial artists, choreographers and craft artisans.[citation needed] Some of them have received international acclaim.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1989 <hl> he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6786662b22cd4dfcfbfdf9"}
{"question": "Under Leninist policy, what replaces the market?", "paragraph": "The state serves as a safeguard for the ownership and as the coordinator of production through a universal economic plan. For the purpose of reducing waste and increasing efficiency, scientific planning replaces market mechanisms and price mechanisms as the guiding principle of the economy. The Marxist\u2013Leninist state's huge purchasing power replaces the role of market forces, with macroeconomic equilibrium not being achieved through market forces but by economic planning based on scientific assessment. In the socialist economy, the value of a good or service is based on its use value, rather than its cost of production or its exchange value. The profit motive as a driving force for production is replaced by social obligation to fulfil the economic plan. Wages are set and differentiated according to skill and intensity of work. While socially utilised means of production are under public control, personal belongings or property of a personal nature that doesn't involve mass production of goods remains relatively unaffected by the state.", "answer": "scientific planning", "sentence": "For the purpose of reducing waste and increasing efficiency, scientific planning replaces market mechanisms and price mechanisms as the guiding principle of the economy.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state serves as a safeguard for the ownership and as the coordinator of production through a universal economic plan. <hl> For the purpose of reducing waste and increasing efficiency, scientific planning replaces market mechanisms and price mechanisms as the guiding principle of the economy. <hl> The Marxist\u2013Leninist state's huge purchasing power replaces the role of market forces, with macroeconomic equilibrium not being achieved through market forces but by economic planning based on scientific assessment. In the socialist economy, the value of a good or service is based on its use value, rather than its cost of production or its exchange value. The profit motive as a driving force for production is replaced by social obligation to fulfil the economic plan. Wages are set and differentiated according to skill and intensity of work. While socially utilised means of production are under public control, personal belongings or property of a personal nature that doesn't involve mass production of goods remains relatively unaffected by the state.", "paragraph_answer": "The state serves as a safeguard for the ownership and as the coordinator of production through a universal economic plan. For the purpose of reducing waste and increasing efficiency, <hl> scientific planning <hl> replaces market mechanisms and price mechanisms as the guiding principle of the economy. The Marxist\u2013Leninist state's huge purchasing power replaces the role of market forces, with macroeconomic equilibrium not being achieved through market forces but by economic planning based on scientific assessment. In the socialist economy, the value of a good or service is based on its use value, rather than its cost of production or its exchange value. The profit motive as a driving force for production is replaced by social obligation to fulfil the economic plan. Wages are set and differentiated according to skill and intensity of work. While socially utilised means of production are under public control, personal belongings or property of a personal nature that doesn't involve mass production of goods remains relatively unaffected by the state.", "sentence_answer": "For the purpose of reducing waste and increasing efficiency, <hl> scientific planning <hl> replaces market mechanisms and price mechanisms as the guiding principle of the economy.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714a72b22cd4dfcfbee6f"}
{"question": "What is private data?", "paragraph": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "answer": "parameters, return address, and local variables", "sentence": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data ( parameters, return address, and local variables ) of each procedure", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data ( parameters, return address, and local variables ) of each procedure <hl> . At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "paragraph_answer": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (<hl> parameters, return address, and local variables <hl>) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "sentence_answer": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data ( <hl> parameters, return address, and local variables <hl> ) of each procedure", "paragraph_id": "5d674ed22b22cd4dfcfbf60b"}
{"question": "Does a wife ever adopt her husband's first name?", "paragraph": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "answer": "t is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India", "sentence": "I t is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> I t is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "I<hl> t is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India <hl> that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "sentence_answer": "I <hl> t is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India <hl> that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4382b22cd4dfcfbe757"}
{"question": "When did the court rule against Bush administration on the topic of carbon emission?", "paragraph": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "answer": "2007", "sentence": "Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007 .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. <hl> Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007 . <hl> Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in <hl> 2007 <hl>. Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "sentence_answer": "Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in <hl> 2007 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6742e92b22cd4dfcfbf436"}
{"question": "What was tin or arsenic content of the earliest bronze objects?", "paragraph": "Tin extraction and use can be dated to the beginnings of the Bronze Age around 3000 BC, when it was observed that copper objects formed of polymetallic ores with different metal contents had different physical properties. The earliest bronze objects had a tin or arsenic content of less than 2% and are therefore believed to be the result of unintentional alloying due to trace metal content in the copper ore. The addition of a second metal to copper increases its hardness, lowers the melting temperature, and improves the casting process by producing a more fluid melt that cools to a denser, less spongy metal. This was an important innovation that allowed for the much more complex shapes cast in closed moulds of the Bronze Age. Arsenical bronze objects appear first in the Near East where arsenic is commonly found in association with copper ore, but the health risks were quickly realized and the quest for sources of the much less hazardous tin ores began early in the Bronze Age. This created the demand for rare tin metal and formed a trade network that linked the distant sources of tin to the markets of Bronze Age cultures.[citation needed]", "answer": "less than 2%", "sentence": "The earliest bronze objects had a tin or arsenic content of less than 2% and are therefore believed to be the result of unintentional alloying due to trace metal content in the copper ore.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin extraction and use can be dated to the beginnings of the Bronze Age around 3000 BC, when it was observed that copper objects formed of polymetallic ores with different metal contents had different physical properties. <hl> The earliest bronze objects had a tin or arsenic content of less than 2% and are therefore believed to be the result of unintentional alloying due to trace metal content in the copper ore. <hl> The addition of a second metal to copper increases its hardness, lowers the melting temperature, and improves the casting process by producing a more fluid melt that cools to a denser, less spongy metal. This was an important innovation that allowed for the much more complex shapes cast in closed moulds of the Bronze Age. Arsenical bronze objects appear first in the Near East where arsenic is commonly found in association with copper ore, but the health risks were quickly realized and the quest for sources of the much less hazardous tin ores began early in the Bronze Age. This created the demand for rare tin metal and formed a trade network that linked the distant sources of tin to the markets of Bronze Age cultures.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Tin extraction and use can be dated to the beginnings of the Bronze Age around 3000 BC, when it was observed that copper objects formed of polymetallic ores with different metal contents had different physical properties. The earliest bronze objects had a tin or arsenic content of <hl> less than 2% <hl> and are therefore believed to be the result of unintentional alloying due to trace metal content in the copper ore. The addition of a second metal to copper increases its hardness, lowers the melting temperature, and improves the casting process by producing a more fluid melt that cools to a denser, less spongy metal. This was an important innovation that allowed for the much more complex shapes cast in closed moulds of the Bronze Age. Arsenical bronze objects appear first in the Near East where arsenic is commonly found in association with copper ore, but the health risks were quickly realized and the quest for sources of the much less hazardous tin ores began early in the Bronze Age. This created the demand for rare tin metal and formed a trade network that linked the distant sources of tin to the markets of Bronze Age cultures.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The earliest bronze objects had a tin or arsenic content of <hl> less than 2% <hl> and are therefore believed to be the result of unintentional alloying due to trace metal content in the copper ore.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fd8f2b22cd4dfcfbe96f"}
{"question": "What is another example of a decentralized internet project?", "paragraph": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "answer": "Wikis", "sentence": "Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet.", "paragraph_sentence": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. <hl> Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. <hl> Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "paragraph_answer": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are <hl> Wikis <hl> which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "sentence_answer": "Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are <hl> Wikis <hl> which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8ab2b22cd4dfcfbcee5"}
{"question": "When was Society Without God published?", "paragraph": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear.[b] A 2001 review of studies on this topic found \"The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime.\" Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world\".[c]", "answer": "2008", "sentence": "Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world\".[c]", "paragraph_sentence": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear.[b] A 2001 review of studies on this topic found \"The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime.\" <hl> Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world\".[c] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear.[b] A 2001 review of studies on this topic found \"The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime.\" Phil Zuckerman's <hl> 2008 <hl> book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world\".[c]", "sentence_answer": "Phil Zuckerman's <hl> 2008 <hl> book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world\".[c]", "paragraph_id": "5d670e972b22cd4dfcfbec90"}
{"question": "What are the five less common materials used in reeds?", "paragraph": "Mouthpieces come in a wide variety of materials, including vulcanized rubber (sometimes called hard rubber or ebonite), plastic, and metals such as bronze or surgical steel. Less common materials that have been used include wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone. According to Larry Teal, the mouthpiece material has little, if any, effect on the sound, and the physical dimensions give a mouthpiece its tone colour. There are examples of \"dark\" sounding metal pieces and \"bright\" sounding hard rubber pieces.  Some contend that instability at the mouthpiece/neck connection moves harmonic frequencies off series with the fundamental frequency and each other, resulting in a \"spread\" sound, and that the weight of a metal mouthpiece counteracts that instability, increasing tonal \"focus.\"  Mouthpiece design has a profound impact on tone.", "answer": "wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone", "sentence": "Less common materials that have been used include wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone .", "paragraph_sentence": "Mouthpieces come in a wide variety of materials, including vulcanized rubber (sometimes called hard rubber or ebonite), plastic, and metals such as bronze or surgical steel. <hl> Less common materials that have been used include wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone . <hl> According to Larry Teal, the mouthpiece material has little, if any, effect on the sound, and the physical dimensions give a mouthpiece its tone colour. There are examples of \"dark\" sounding metal pieces and \"bright\" sounding hard rubber pieces. Some contend that instability at the mouthpiece/neck connection moves harmonic frequencies off series with the fundamental frequency and each other, resulting in a \"spread\" sound, and that the weight of a metal mouthpiece counteracts that instability, increasing tonal \"focus.\" Mouthpiece design has a profound impact on tone.", "paragraph_answer": "Mouthpieces come in a wide variety of materials, including vulcanized rubber (sometimes called hard rubber or ebonite), plastic, and metals such as bronze or surgical steel. Less common materials that have been used include <hl> wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone <hl>. According to Larry Teal, the mouthpiece material has little, if any, effect on the sound, and the physical dimensions give a mouthpiece its tone colour. There are examples of \"dark\" sounding metal pieces and \"bright\" sounding hard rubber pieces. Some contend that instability at the mouthpiece/neck connection moves harmonic frequencies off series with the fundamental frequency and each other, resulting in a \"spread\" sound, and that the weight of a metal mouthpiece counteracts that instability, increasing tonal \"focus.\" Mouthpiece design has a profound impact on tone.", "sentence_answer": "Less common materials that have been used include <hl> wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67ba032b22cd4dfcfc00ac"}
{"question": "What degree did universities re-assign to the MD title.", "paragraph": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. As a result, various Australian medical schools have replaced their MBBS degrees with the MD to resolve the previous anomalous nomenclature. With the introduction of the Master's level MD, universities have also renamed their previous medical research doctorates. The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree, and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "answer": "basic medical degree", "sentence": "The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree , and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "paragraph_sentence": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. As a result, various Australian medical schools have replaced their MBBS degrees with the MD to resolve the previous anomalous nomenclature. With the introduction of the Master's level MD, universities have also renamed their previous medical research doctorates. <hl> The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a basic medical degree , and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The latest version of the AQF includes the new category of Level 9 Master's (Extended) degrees which permits the use of the term 'Doctor' in the styling of the degree title of relevant professional programs. As a result, various Australian medical schools have replaced their MBBS degrees with the MD to resolve the previous anomalous nomenclature. With the introduction of the Master's level MD, universities have also renamed their previous medical research doctorates. The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a <hl> basic medical degree <hl>, and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "sentence_answer": "The University of Melbourne was the first to introduce the MD in 2011 as a <hl> basic medical degree <hl> , and has renamed its research degree to Doctor of Medical Science (DMedSc).", "paragraph_id": "5d6697402b22cd4dfcfbe328"}
{"question": "What type of exam is part I examination consists of?", "paragraph": "In Sri Lanka, MBBS degree is the degree to be held for one to be licensed as a physicians by the Sri Lanka Medical Council. MD degree is a higher postgraduate degree and in Sri Lanka awarded by the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after completion of a postgraduate course and examinations. The MD degree in Sri Lanka is representative of specialty training in clinical, para clinical and preventive medicine  (e.g., General Medicine, Cardiology, Nephrology, Oncology, para clinical such as microbiology, haematology and preventive such as Community Medicne .). Entry for the MD course open only for medical graduates holding the MBBS degree (with a duration of five and a half years), and training is obtained in medical disciplines that are non-surgical in nature (e.g., Internal Medicine, Radiology, Pathology, etc.). After three or four years of study and the successful completion of an examination with written as well as cases and viva examinations, the MD degree in the respective field of Study is awarded. In Community medicine and Medical Administration, part I examination consists of a theoretical exam while the degree is cofered after completion of a thesis as n PhD. This thesis has to be completed within a period of five years. After successfully defending the academic thesis, MD degree is conferred to the candidate, The MD degree holder is certified as a Board certified specialist by the respective board of study of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after he/she undergoes 2\u20134 years of local and foreign training depending on the specialty/subspecialty selected.", "answer": "theoretical", "sentence": "In Community medicine and Medical Administration, part I examination consists of a theoretical exam while the degree is cofered after completion of a thesis as n PhD. This thesis has to be completed within a period of five years.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Sri Lanka, MBBS degree is the degree to be held for one to be licensed as a physicians by the Sri Lanka Medical Council. MD degree is a higher postgraduate degree and in Sri Lanka awarded by the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after completion of a postgraduate course and examinations. The MD degree in Sri Lanka is representative of specialty training in clinical, para clinical and preventive medicine (e.g., General Medicine, Cardiology, Nephrology, Oncology, para clinical such as microbiology, haematology and preventive such as Community Medicne .). Entry for the MD course open only for medical graduates holding the MBBS degree (with a duration of five and a half years), and training is obtained in medical disciplines that are non-surgical in nature (e.g., Internal Medicine, Radiology, Pathology, etc.). After three or four years of study and the successful completion of an examination with written as well as cases and viva examinations, the MD degree in the respective field of Study is awarded. <hl> In Community medicine and Medical Administration, part I examination consists of a theoretical exam while the degree is cofered after completion of a thesis as n PhD. This thesis has to be completed within a period of five years. <hl> After successfully defending the academic thesis, MD degree is conferred to the candidate, The MD degree holder is certified as a Board certified specialist by the respective board of study of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after he/she undergoes 2\u20134 years of local and foreign training depending on the specialty/subspecialty selected.", "paragraph_answer": "In Sri Lanka, MBBS degree is the degree to be held for one to be licensed as a physicians by the Sri Lanka Medical Council. MD degree is a higher postgraduate degree and in Sri Lanka awarded by the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after completion of a postgraduate course and examinations. The MD degree in Sri Lanka is representative of specialty training in clinical, para clinical and preventive medicine (e.g., General Medicine, Cardiology, Nephrology, Oncology, para clinical such as microbiology, haematology and preventive such as Community Medicne .). Entry for the MD course open only for medical graduates holding the MBBS degree (with a duration of five and a half years), and training is obtained in medical disciplines that are non-surgical in nature (e.g., Internal Medicine, Radiology, Pathology, etc.). After three or four years of study and the successful completion of an examination with written as well as cases and viva examinations, the MD degree in the respective field of Study is awarded. In Community medicine and Medical Administration, part I examination consists of a <hl> theoretical <hl> exam while the degree is cofered after completion of a thesis as n PhD. This thesis has to be completed within a period of five years. After successfully defending the academic thesis, MD degree is conferred to the candidate, The MD degree holder is certified as a Board certified specialist by the respective board of study of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine after he/she undergoes 2\u20134 years of local and foreign training depending on the specialty/subspecialty selected.", "sentence_answer": "In Community medicine and Medical Administration, part I examination consists of a <hl> theoretical <hl> exam while the degree is cofered after completion of a thesis as n PhD. This thesis has to be completed within a period of five years.", "paragraph_id": "5d664d4c2b22cd4dfcfbdc0f"}
{"question": "What year was Opening Doors introduced to Congress and the President?", "paragraph": "The first year of the new decade saw a renewed commitment from the Federal government in its efforts to prevent and end homelessness with the creation and release of Opening Doors: The Federal Strategic Plan to Prevent and End Homelessness. Opening Doors is a publication of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, which worked with all Federal agencies and many state and local stakeholders on its creation and vision, setting a ten-year path for the nation on preventing and ending all types of homelessness. This Plan was presented to the President and Congress in a White House Ceremony on June 22, 2010.", "answer": "2010", "sentence": "This Plan was presented to the President and Congress in a White House Ceremony on June 22, 2010 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The first year of the new decade saw a renewed commitment from the Federal government in its efforts to prevent and end homelessness with the creation and release of Opening Doors: The Federal Strategic Plan to Prevent and End Homelessness. Opening Doors is a publication of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, which worked with all Federal agencies and many state and local stakeholders on its creation and vision, setting a ten-year path for the nation on preventing and ending all types of homelessness. <hl> This Plan was presented to the President and Congress in a White House Ceremony on June 22, 2010 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The first year of the new decade saw a renewed commitment from the Federal government in its efforts to prevent and end homelessness with the creation and release of Opening Doors: The Federal Strategic Plan to Prevent and End Homelessness. Opening Doors is a publication of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness, which worked with all Federal agencies and many state and local stakeholders on its creation and vision, setting a ten-year path for the nation on preventing and ending all types of homelessness. This Plan was presented to the President and Congress in a White House Ceremony on June 22, <hl> 2010 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This Plan was presented to the President and Congress in a White House Ceremony on June 22, <hl> 2010 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65fba72b22cd4dfcfbd4cb"}
{"question": "How would \"complete\" be defined in first-order logic?", "paragraph": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "answer": "(all statements which are true in all models are provable).", "sentence": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. <hl> First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete <hl> (all statements which are true in all models are provable). <hl> Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "sentence_answer": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete <hl> (all statements which are true in all models are provable). <hl> Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b43f2b22cd4dfcfbe40f"}
{"question": "Is there a firm rule on how children are named?", "paragraph": "For the children, some bear only the last surnames of the parents. For example, Carlos da Silva Gon\u00e7alves and Ana Lu\u00edsa de Albuquerque Pereira (Gon\u00e7alves) (in case she adopted her husband's name after marriage) would have a child named Lucas Pereira Gon\u00e7alves.  However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "answer": "the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames", "sentence": " However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames , according to euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "paragraph_sentence": "For the children, some bear only the last surnames of the parents. For example, Carlos da Silva Gon\u00e7alves and Ana Lu\u00edsa de Albuquerque Pereira (Gon\u00e7alves) (in case she adopted her husband's name after marriage) would have a child named Lucas Pereira Gon\u00e7alves. <hl> However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames , according to euphony, social significance or other reasons. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "For the children, some bear only the last surnames of the parents. For example, Carlos da Silva Gon\u00e7alves and Ana Lu\u00edsa de Albuquerque Pereira (Gon\u00e7alves) (in case she adopted her husband's name after marriage) would have a child named Lucas Pereira Gon\u00e7alves. However, <hl> the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames <hl>, according to euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "sentence_answer": " However, <hl> the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames <hl> , according to euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f08e2b22cd4dfcfbe67d"}
{"question": "Who said national identity and religious identity are not the same?", "paragraph": "In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan, the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\". A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism. Although Asoghik did not back down. In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "answer": "Aram Abrahamyan", "sentence": "In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "paragraph_sentence": "In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan, the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\". A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism. Although Asoghik did not back down. <hl> In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily Aram Abrahamyan suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In October 2013 Father Asoghik Karapetyan, the director of the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, stated on television that an atheist Armenian is not a \"true Armenian\". A spokesperson for the Armenian Apostolic Church stated that it is his personal view. The statement received considerable criticism. Although Asoghik did not back down. In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily <hl> Aram Abrahamyan <hl> suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "sentence_answer": "In an editorial in the liberal Aravot daily <hl> Aram Abrahamyan <hl> suggested that religious identity should not be equated with national (ethnic) identity and it is up to every individual to decide whether they are Armenian or not, regardless of religion.", "paragraph_id": "5d65801b2b22cd4dfcfbc9c7"}
{"question": "When did the killings in Backa take place?", "paragraph": "The repatriations at Bleiburg (although scholars disagree on how many people died and no number has been officially recognized or agreed upon) of retreating columns of Chetnik and Slovene Home Guard troops, and soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and thousands of civilians heading or retreating towards Austria to surrender to western Allied forces, have been called a \"massacre\". The \"foibe massacres\" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) shot Italian fascists, and suspected collaborationists and/or separatists. According to a mixed Slovene-Italian historical commission established in 1993, which investigated only on what happened in places included in present-day Italy and Slovenia, the killings seemed to proceed from endeavors to remove persons linked with fascism (regardless of their personal responsibility), and endeavors to carry out mass executions of real, potential or only alleged opponents of the Communist government. The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. During this purge, a large number of civilians from the associated ethnic group were also killed.", "answer": "1944-1945", "sentence": "The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility.", "paragraph_sentence": "The repatriations at Bleiburg (although scholars disagree on how many people died and no number has been officially recognized or agreed upon) of retreating columns of Chetnik and Slovene Home Guard troops, and soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and thousands of civilians heading or retreating towards Austria to surrender to western Allied forces, have been called a \"massacre\". The \"foibe massacres\" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) shot Italian fascists, and suspected collaborationists and/or separatists. According to a mixed Slovene-Italian historical commission established in 1993, which investigated only on what happened in places included in present-day Italy and Slovenia, the killings seemed to proceed from endeavors to remove persons linked with fascism (regardless of their personal responsibility), and endeavors to carry out mass executions of real, potential or only alleged opponents of the Communist government. <hl> The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. <hl> During this purge, a large number of civilians from the associated ethnic group were also killed.", "paragraph_answer": "The repatriations at Bleiburg (although scholars disagree on how many people died and no number has been officially recognized or agreed upon) of retreating columns of Chetnik and Slovene Home Guard troops, and soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and thousands of civilians heading or retreating towards Austria to surrender to western Allied forces, have been called a \"massacre\". The \"foibe massacres\" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) shot Italian fascists, and suspected collaborationists and/or separatists. According to a mixed Slovene-Italian historical commission established in 1993, which investigated only on what happened in places included in present-day Italy and Slovenia, the killings seemed to proceed from endeavors to remove persons linked with fascism (regardless of their personal responsibility), and endeavors to carry out mass executions of real, potential or only alleged opponents of the Communist government. The <hl> 1944-1945 <hl> killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. During this purge, a large number of civilians from the associated ethnic group were also killed.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> 1944-1945 <hl> killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility.", "paragraph_id": "5d671fc22b22cd4dfcfbefee"}
{"question": "When did Haydarpasa Terminal begin operations?", "paragraph": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "answer": "1908", "sentence": "After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908 , it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul.", "paragraph_sentence": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. <hl> After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908 , it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. <hl> Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "paragraph_answer": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in <hl> 1908 <hl>, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "sentence_answer": "After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in <hl> 1908 <hl> , it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul.", "paragraph_id": "5d66068e2b22cd4dfcfbd5f6"}
{"question": "X-axis refers to what direction?", "paragraph": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "answer": "horizontal", "sentence": "The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) <hl> The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. <hl> The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "paragraph_answer": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be <hl> horizontal <hl> and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "sentence_answer": "The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be <hl> horizontal <hl> and the y-axis is taken to be vertical.", "paragraph_id": "5d6694692b22cd4dfcfbe2fe"}
{"question": "In which country was the brain regularly removed in preparation for mummification?", "paragraph": "Early views on the function of the brain regarded it to be a \"cranial stuffing\" of sorts. In Egypt, from the late Middle Kingdom onwards, the brain was regularly removed in preparation for mummification. It was believed at the time that the heart was the seat of intelligence. According to Herodotus, the first step of mummification was to \"take a crooked piece of iron, and with it draw out the brain through the nostrils, thus getting rid of a portion, while the skull is cleared of the rest by rinsing with drugs.\"", "answer": "In Egypt,", "sentence": "In Egypt, from the late Middle Kingdom onwards, the brain was regularly removed in preparation for mummification.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early views on the function of the brain regarded it to be a \"cranial stuffing\" of sorts. <hl> In Egypt, from the late Middle Kingdom onwards, the brain was regularly removed in preparation for mummification. <hl> It was believed at the time that the heart was the seat of intelligence. According to Herodotus, the first step of mummification was to \"take a crooked piece of iron, and with it draw out the brain through the nostrils, thus getting rid of a portion, while the skull is cleared of the rest by rinsing with drugs.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Early views on the function of the brain regarded it to be a \"cranial stuffing\" of sorts. <hl> In Egypt, <hl> from the late Middle Kingdom onwards, the brain was regularly removed in preparation for mummification. It was believed at the time that the heart was the seat of intelligence. According to Herodotus, the first step of mummification was to \"take a crooked piece of iron, and with it draw out the brain through the nostrils, thus getting rid of a portion, while the skull is cleared of the rest by rinsing with drugs.\"", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In Egypt, <hl> from the late Middle Kingdom onwards, the brain was regularly removed in preparation for mummification.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ab5f2b22cd4dfcfbff7b"}
{"question": "What is the name of their city zoo?", "paragraph": "Alongside Porto, Rotterdam was European Capital of Culture in 2001. The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium. The city is home to the Willem de Kooning Academy and Piet Zwart Institute.", "answer": "Diergaarde Blijdorp", "sentence": "A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium.", "paragraph_sentence": "Alongside Porto, Rotterdam was European Capital of Culture in 2001. The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. <hl> A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium. <hl> The city is home to the Willem de Kooning Academy and Piet Zwart Institute.", "paragraph_answer": "Alongside Porto, Rotterdam was European Capital of Culture in 2001. The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. A major zoo called <hl> Diergaarde Blijdorp <hl> is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium. The city is home to the Willem de Kooning Academy and Piet Zwart Institute.", "sentence_answer": "A major zoo called <hl> Diergaarde Blijdorp <hl> is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8dd2b22cd4dfcfc0066"}
{"question": "How are the results often formalized by these proof verifiers?", "paragraph": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input.  Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants.  They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "answer": "lemmas", "sentence": "Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas , for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. <hl> Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas , for which derivations can be constructed separately. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of <hl> lemmas <hl>, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "sentence_answer": "Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of <hl> lemmas <hl> , for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "paragraph_id": "5d6675db2b22cd4dfcfbdfda"}
{"question": "What proportion of people who die of CHD are 65 or older?", "paragraph": "Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life.  Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence. It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55.", "answer": "82 percent", "sentence": "It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older.", "paragraph_sentence": "Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life. Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence. <hl> It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. <hl> At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55.", "paragraph_answer": "Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life. Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence. It is estimated that <hl> 82 percent <hl> of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55.", "sentence_answer": "It is estimated that <hl> 82 percent <hl> of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ccc62b22cd4dfcfbcd88"}
{"question": "Where was bas-relief commonly used?", "paragraph": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less.  It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.  These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "answer": "In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America", "sentence": "In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America , a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.", "paragraph_sentence": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. <hl> In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America , a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. <hl> These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "paragraph_answer": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. <hl> In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America <hl>, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America <hl> , a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c50f2b22cd4dfcfc018e"}
{"question": "What specialty type of classified advertising was it geared for?", "paragraph": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. It can be accessed without cost.", "answer": "premium vehicles", "sentence": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. <hl> It can be accessed without cost.", "paragraph_answer": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for <hl> premium vehicles <hl> that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. It can be accessed without cost.", "sentence_answer": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for <hl> premium vehicles <hl> that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles.", "paragraph_id": "5d674bec2b22cd4dfcfbf56c"}
{"question": "What is the lowest altitude of the area?", "paragraph": "Manipur may be characterised as two distinct physical regions: an outlying area of rugged hills and narrow valleys, and the inner area of flat plain, with all associated land forms. These two areas are distinct in physical features and are conspicuous in flora and fauna. The valley region has hills and mounds rising above the flat surface. The Loktak lake is an important feature of the central plain. The total area occupied by all the lakes is about 600 km2. The altitude ranges from 40 m at Jiribam to 2,994 m at Mt. Iso Peak near Mao Songsong.", "answer": "40 m", "sentence": "The altitude ranges from 40 m at Jiribam to 2,994 m at Mt. Iso Peak near Mao Songsong.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manipur may be characterised as two distinct physical regions: an outlying area of rugged hills and narrow valleys, and the inner area of flat plain, with all associated land forms. These two areas are distinct in physical features and are conspicuous in flora and fauna. The valley region has hills and mounds rising above the flat surface. The Loktak lake is an important feature of the central plain. The total area occupied by all the lakes is about 600 km2. <hl> The altitude ranges from 40 m at Jiribam to 2,994 m at Mt. Iso Peak near Mao Songsong. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Manipur may be characterised as two distinct physical regions: an outlying area of rugged hills and narrow valleys, and the inner area of flat plain, with all associated land forms. These two areas are distinct in physical features and are conspicuous in flora and fauna. The valley region has hills and mounds rising above the flat surface. The Loktak lake is an important feature of the central plain. The total area occupied by all the lakes is about 600 km2. The altitude ranges from <hl> 40 m <hl> at Jiribam to 2,994 m at Mt. Iso Peak near Mao Songsong.", "sentence_answer": "The altitude ranges from <hl> 40 m <hl> at Jiribam to 2,994 m at Mt. Iso Peak near Mao Songsong.", "paragraph_id": "5d670b642b22cd4dfcfbebef"}
{"question": "What is Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, predicting?", "paragraph": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody. Samuel Beckett is sometimes seen as an important precursor and influence. Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov, William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "answer": "postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody", "sentence": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody . <hl> Samuel Beckett is sometimes seen as an important precursor and influence. Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov, William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "paragraph_answer": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting <hl> postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody <hl>. Samuel Beckett is sometimes seen as an important precursor and influence. Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov, William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "sentence_answer": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting <hl> postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67750b2b22cd4dfcfbfc8b"}
{"question": "When did the Oxide radio station start broadcasting in FM?", "paragraph": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005). A local TV station, Six TV: The Oxford Channel was also available but closed in April 2009. The city is home to a BBC TV newsroom which produces an opt-out from the main South Today programme broadcast from Southampton.", "answer": "May 2005", "sentence": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005 ).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late May 2005 ). <hl> A local TV station, Six TV: The Oxford Channel was also available but closed in April 2009. The city is home to a BBC TV newsroom which produces an opt-out from the main South Today programme broadcast from Southampton.", "paragraph_answer": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late <hl> May 2005 <hl>). A local TV station, Six TV: The Oxford Channel was also available but closed in April 2009. The city is home to a BBC TV newsroom which produces an opt-out from the main South Today programme broadcast from Southampton.", "sentence_answer": "As well as the BBC national radio stations, Oxford and the surrounding area has several local stations, including BBC Oxford, Heart Thames Valley, Destiny 105, Jack FM and Jack FM 2 along with Oxide: Oxford Student Radio (which went on terrestrial radio at 87.7 MHz FM in late <hl> May 2005 <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d6739f82b22cd4dfcfbf30d"}
{"question": "Which small shopping centres are there in the city centre?", "paragraph": "There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre. The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street. It is quite small and contains a number of chain stores and a supermarket. The Westgate Shopping Centre is to undergo a large and controversial refurbishment; the plans involve tripling the size of the centre to 750,000 sq ft (70,000 m2), a new 1,335 space underground car park and 90 new shops and bars, including a 230,000 sq ft (21,000 m2) John Lewis department store. There is to be a new and improved transport system, a complete refurbishment of the existing centre and the surrounding Bonn Square area. The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011, although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "answer": "The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre", "sentence": "There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre . <hl> The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street. It is quite small and contains a number of chain stores and a supermarket. The Westgate Shopping Centre is to undergo a large and controversial refurbishment; the plans involve tripling the size of the centre to 750,000 sq ft (70,000 m2), a new 1,335 space underground car park and 90 new shops and bars, including a 230,000 sq ft (21,000 m2) John Lewis department store. There is to be a new and improved transport system, a complete refurbishment of the existing centre and the surrounding Bonn Square area. The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011, although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "paragraph_answer": "There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: <hl> The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre <hl>. The Westgate Centre is named for the original West Gate in the city wall, and is located at the west end of Queen Street. It is quite small and contains a number of chain stores and a supermarket. The Westgate Shopping Centre is to undergo a large and controversial refurbishment; the plans involve tripling the size of the centre to 750,000 sq ft (70,000 m2), a new 1,335 space underground car park and 90 new shops and bars, including a 230,000 sq ft (21,000 m2) John Lewis department store. There is to be a new and improved transport system, a complete refurbishment of the existing centre and the surrounding Bonn Square area. The development plans include a number of new homes, and completion is expected in 2011, although this is being delayed due to the current financial climate.", "sentence_answer": "There are two small shopping centres in the city centre: <hl> The Clarendon Centre and the Westgate Centre <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6750922b22cd4dfcfbf689"}
{"question": "What was the land in present-day Ohio known as in 1786?", "paragraph": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land\nextending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "answer": "Connecticut Western Reserve", "sentence": "Connecticut retained land\nextending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. <hl> Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve . <hl> The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the <hl> Connecticut Western Reserve <hl>. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the <hl> Connecticut Western Reserve <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6782f22b22cd4dfcfbfdbe"}
{"question": "Where were most of the German POW camps located?", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "southern Austria", "sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria ) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria ) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. <hl> These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in <hl> southern Austria <hl>) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in <hl> southern Austria <hl> ) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c13e2b22cd4dfcfc016f"}
{"question": "What are shells capable of bearing in multiple axes?", "paragraph": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions. A dome is an example of a shell. They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "answer": "forces in compression", "sentence": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions. <hl> A dome is an example of a shell. They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "paragraph_answer": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry <hl> forces in compression <hl> in two directions. A dome is an example of a shell. They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "sentence_answer": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry <hl> forces in compression <hl> in two directions.", "paragraph_id": "5d675bf82b22cd4dfcfbf855"}
{"question": "Who was the republican candidate for President in 2012?", "paragraph": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. In the aftermath of the loss, some prominent Republicans spoke out against their own party; for example, 1996 Republican Presidential candidate and longtime former Senator Bob Dole said, \"today's GOP members are too conservative and overly partisan. They ought to put a sign on the National Committee doors that says closed for repairs\". Former Senator Olympia Snowe of Maine stated as well that she was in agreement with Dole. Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (under George H.W. Bush) and former Secretary of State (under George W. Bush) Colin Powell remarked that the GOP has \"a dark vein of intolerance in some parts of the party\", commenting about the birther movement \"[w]hy do senior Republican leaders tolerate this kind of discussion within the party?\" and \"I think the party has to take a look at itself.\" The CRNC released a report in June 2013 that was highly critical of the party, being titled \"Grand Old Party for a Brand New Generation\".", "answer": "Mitt Romney", "sentence": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney , lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Republican candidate for President in 2012, Mitt Romney , lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. <hl> In the aftermath of the loss, some prominent Republicans spoke out against their own party; for example, 1996 Republican Presidential candidate and longtime former Senator Bob Dole said, \"today's GOP members are too conservative and overly partisan. They ought to put a sign on the National Committee doors that says closed for repairs\". Former Senator Olympia Snowe of Maine stated as well that she was in agreement with Dole. Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (under George H.W. Bush) and former Secretary of State (under George W. Bush) Colin Powell remarked that the GOP has \"a dark vein of intolerance in some parts of the party\", commenting about the birther movement \"[w]hy do senior Republican leaders tolerate this kind of discussion within the party?\" and \"I think the party has to take a look at itself.\" The CRNC released a report in June 2013 that was highly critical of the party, being titled \"Grand Old Party for a Brand New Generation\".", "paragraph_answer": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, <hl> Mitt Romney <hl>, lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart. In the aftermath of the loss, some prominent Republicans spoke out against their own party; for example, 1996 Republican Presidential candidate and longtime former Senator Bob Dole said, \"today's GOP members are too conservative and overly partisan. They ought to put a sign on the National Committee doors that says closed for repairs\". Former Senator Olympia Snowe of Maine stated as well that she was in agreement with Dole. Former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs (under George H.W. Bush) and former Secretary of State (under George W. Bush) Colin Powell remarked that the GOP has \"a dark vein of intolerance in some parts of the party\", commenting about the birther movement \"[w]hy do senior Republican leaders tolerate this kind of discussion within the party?\" and \"I think the party has to take a look at itself.\" The CRNC released a report in June 2013 that was highly critical of the party, being titled \"Grand Old Party for a Brand New Generation\".", "sentence_answer": "The Republican candidate for President in 2012, <hl> Mitt Romney <hl> , lost to incumbent President Barack Obama, the fifth time in six elections the Republican candidate received fewer votes than his Democratic counterpart.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d9612b22cd4dfcfc0312"}
{"question": "Whose theories did Walter Rodney base his arguments off of?", "paragraph": "Historian Walter Rodney has argued that at the start of the slave trade in the 16th century, although there was a technological gap between Europe and Africa, it was not very substantial. Both continents were using Iron Age technology. The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building. During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams, he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. He cited examples such as the invention of the steam engine by James Watt, which was funded by plantation owners from the Caribbean.", "answer": "Eric Williams", "sentence": "Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams , he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historian Walter Rodney has argued that at the start of the slave trade in the 16th century, although there was a technological gap between Europe and Africa, it was not very substantial. Both continents were using Iron Age technology. The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building. During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. <hl> Based on earlier theories by Eric Williams , he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. <hl> He cited examples such as the invention of the steam engine by James Watt, which was funded by plantation owners from the Caribbean.", "paragraph_answer": "Historian Walter Rodney has argued that at the start of the slave trade in the 16th century, although there was a technological gap between Europe and Africa, it was not very substantial. Both continents were using Iron Age technology. The major advantage that Europe had was in ship building. During the period of slavery, the populations of Europe and the Americas grew exponentially, while the population of Africa remained stagnant. Rodney contended that the profits from slavery were used to fund economic growth and technological advancement in Europe and the Americas. Based on earlier theories by <hl> Eric Williams <hl>, he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas. He cited examples such as the invention of the steam engine by James Watt, which was funded by plantation owners from the Caribbean.", "sentence_answer": "Based on earlier theories by <hl> Eric Williams <hl> , he asserted that the industrial revolution was at least in part funded by agricultural profits from the Americas.", "paragraph_id": "5d6669602b22cd4dfcfbde3e"}
{"question": "What was the  percentage increase in homeless in 2013?", "paragraph": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a 29 percent increase after 2007. D.C. ranks eighth regarding total homeless population among other major American cities. The city passed a law that requires to provide shelter to everybody in need when the temperature drops below freezing. Since D.C. does not have enough shelter units available, every winter it books hotel rooms in the suburbs with an average cost around $100 for a night. According to the D.C. Department of Human Services, during the winter of 2012 the city spent $2,544,454 on putting homeless families in hotels, and budgeted $3.2 million on hotel beds in 2013. Homeless advocates Mitch Snyder and Eric Sheptock come from D.C.", "answer": "29 percent", "sentence": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a 29 percent increase after 2007.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a 29 percent increase after 2007. <hl> D.C. ranks eighth regarding total homeless population among other major American cities. The city passed a law that requires to provide shelter to everybody in need when the temperature drops below freezing. Since D.C. does not have enough shelter units available, every winter it books hotel rooms in the suburbs with an average cost around $100 for a night. According to the D.C. Department of Human Services, during the winter of 2012 the city spent $2,544,454 on putting homeless families in hotels, and budgeted $3.2 million on hotel beds in 2013. Homeless advocates Mitch Snyder and Eric Sheptock come from D.C.", "paragraph_answer": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a <hl> 29 percent <hl> increase after 2007. D.C. ranks eighth regarding total homeless population among other major American cities. The city passed a law that requires to provide shelter to everybody in need when the temperature drops below freezing. Since D.C. does not have enough shelter units available, every winter it books hotel rooms in the suburbs with an average cost around $100 for a night. According to the D.C. Department of Human Services, during the winter of 2012 the city spent $2,544,454 on putting homeless families in hotels, and budgeted $3.2 million on hotel beds in 2013. Homeless advocates Mitch Snyder and Eric Sheptock come from D.C.", "sentence_answer": "The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated in 2013 the number of homeless in Washington, D.C. as 6,865, which was a <hl> 29 percent <hl> increase after 2007.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb1d2b22cd4dfcfbd286"}
{"question": "What do small droplets of water collide with in a cloud to form precipitation?", "paragraph": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.  The main forms of precipitation include  drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail.  Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\".  Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.  Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.  Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "answer": "other rain drops or ice crystals", "sentence": "Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.", "paragraph_sentence": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. <hl> Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. <hl> Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with <hl> other rain drops or ice crystals <hl> within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "sentence_answer": "Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with <hl> other rain drops or ice crystals <hl> within a cloud.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b7c32b22cd4dfcfc001a"}
{"question": "In what year did Alaska gain statehood?", "paragraph": "On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid in which the flag was changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state was admitted, but the number of stripes would be reduced to 13 so as to honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission of one or more new states. The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959. Before that, the admission of Alaska in January 1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag.", "answer": "1959", "sentence": "The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959 .", "paragraph_sentence": "On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid in which the flag was changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state was admitted, but the number of stripes would be reduced to 13 so as to honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission of one or more new states. <hl> The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959 . <hl> Before that, the admission of Alaska in January 1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag.", "paragraph_answer": "On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid in which the flag was changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state was admitted, but the number of stripes would be reduced to 13 so as to honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission of one or more new states. The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August <hl> 1959 <hl>. Before that, the admission of Alaska in January 1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag.", "sentence_answer": "The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August <hl> 1959 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66687b2b22cd4dfcfbde34"}
{"question": "What percentage of inhabitants resided within Istanbul's metropolitan municipality city limits in 2007?", "paragraph": "The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. Other estimate that at the same time the population within city limits was 14,025,646. Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980. 64.7% of the residents live on the European side and 35.3% on the Asian side. While the city ranks as world's 5th-largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[e] The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of \u0130zmir and Ankara.", "answer": "89%", "sentence": "Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. Other estimate that at the same time the population within city limits was 14,025,646. <hl> Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from 89% in 2007 and 61% in 1980. <hl> 64.7% of the residents live on the European side and 35.3% on the Asian side. While the city ranks as world's 5th-largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[e] The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of \u0130zmir and Ankara.", "paragraph_answer": "The Turkish Statistical Institute estimates that the population of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality was 14,377,019 at the end of 2014, hosting 19 percent of the country's population. Other estimate that at the same time the population within city limits was 14,025,646. Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from <hl> 89% <hl> in 2007 and 61% in 1980. 64.7% of the residents live on the European side and 35.3% on the Asian side. While the city ranks as world's 5th-largest city proper, it drops the rank to the 24th place as an urban area and to the 18th place as a metro area because the city limits are roughly equivalent to the agglomeration. Today, it forms one of the largest urban agglomerations in Europe, alongside Moscow.[e] The city's annual population growth of 3.45 percent ranks as the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of \u0130zmir and Ankara.", "sentence_answer": "Then about 97\u201398% of the inhabitants of the metropolitan municipality were within city limits, up from <hl> 89% <hl> in 2007 and 61% in 1980.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ecb82b22cd4dfcfbd2c0"}
{"question": "What is the predominant ending letter of the fourth declension?", "paragraph": "A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, a group of nouns with similar inflected forms. The declensions are identified by the genitive singular form of the noun. The first declension, with a predominant ending letter of a, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ae. The second declension, with a predominant ending letter of o, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -i. The third declension, with a predominant ending letter of i, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -is. The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -\u016bs. And the fifth declension, with a predominant ending letter of e, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ei.", "answer": "The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u", "sentence": "The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u , is signified by the genitive singular ending of -\u016bs.", "paragraph_sentence": "A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, a group of nouns with similar inflected forms. The declensions are identified by the genitive singular form of the noun. The first declension, with a predominant ending letter of a, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ae. The second declension, with a predominant ending letter of o, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -i. The third declension, with a predominant ending letter of i, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -is. <hl> The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u , is signified by the genitive singular ending of -\u016bs. <hl> And the fifth declension, with a predominant ending letter of e, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ei.", "paragraph_answer": "A regular Latin noun belongs to one of five main declensions, a group of nouns with similar inflected forms. The declensions are identified by the genitive singular form of the noun. The first declension, with a predominant ending letter of a, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ae. The second declension, with a predominant ending letter of o, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -i. The third declension, with a predominant ending letter of i, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -is. <hl> The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u <hl>, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -\u016bs. And the fifth declension, with a predominant ending letter of e, is signified by the genitive singular ending of -ei.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The fourth declension, with a predominant ending letter of u <hl> , is signified by the genitive singular ending of -\u016bs.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3ef2b22cd4dfcfbd3c9"}
{"question": "How long did Oxford United take to reach top division?", "paragraph": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013  23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "answer": "23 years", "sentence": "They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013  23 years after joining the Football League.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. <hl> They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. <hl> They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "paragraph_answer": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 <hl> 23 years <hl> after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "sentence_answer": "They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 <hl> 23 years <hl> after joining the Football League.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b9b2b22cd4dfcfbf369"}
{"question": "What are the Tunis cities with major medicine faculties?", "paragraph": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis.  There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years.  The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties.  During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty.  After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "answer": "Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir", "sentence": " There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis. <hl> There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir . <hl> Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years. The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties. During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty. After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "paragraph_answer": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis. There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of <hl> Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir <hl>. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years. The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties. During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty. After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "sentence_answer": " There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of <hl> Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6658c52b22cd4dfcfbdc71"}
{"question": "Who developed the elements of the state for dismantling authoritarian?", "paragraph": "In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev rose to power in the Soviet Union and began policies of radical political reform involving political liberalisation, called Perestroika and Glasnost. Gorbachev's policies were designed at dismantling authoritarian elements of the state that were developed by Stalin, while aiming for a return to a supposed ideal Leninist state that retained one-party structure while allowing the democratic election of competing candidates within the Communist Party for political office. Gorbachev also aimed to seek d\u00e9tente with the West and end the Cold War that was no longer economically sustainable to be pursued by the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union and the United States under US President George H. W. Bush joined in pushing for the dismantlement of apartheid and oversaw the dismantlement of South African colonial rule over Namibia.", "answer": "Stalin", "sentence": "Gorbachev's policies were designed at dismantling authoritarian elements of the state that were developed by Stalin , while aiming for a return to a supposed ideal Leninist state that retained one-party structure while allowing the democratic election of competing candidates within the Communist Party for political office.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev rose to power in the Soviet Union and began policies of radical political reform involving political liberalisation, called Perestroika and Glasnost. <hl> Gorbachev's policies were designed at dismantling authoritarian elements of the state that were developed by Stalin , while aiming for a return to a supposed ideal Leninist state that retained one-party structure while allowing the democratic election of competing candidates within the Communist Party for political office. <hl> Gorbachev also aimed to seek d\u00e9tente with the West and end the Cold War that was no longer economically sustainable to be pursued by the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union and the United States under US President George H. W. Bush joined in pushing for the dismantlement of apartheid and oversaw the dismantlement of South African colonial rule over Namibia.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev rose to power in the Soviet Union and began policies of radical political reform involving political liberalisation, called Perestroika and Glasnost. Gorbachev's policies were designed at dismantling authoritarian elements of the state that were developed by <hl> Stalin <hl>, while aiming for a return to a supposed ideal Leninist state that retained one-party structure while allowing the democratic election of competing candidates within the Communist Party for political office. Gorbachev also aimed to seek d\u00e9tente with the West and end the Cold War that was no longer economically sustainable to be pursued by the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union and the United States under US President George H. W. Bush joined in pushing for the dismantlement of apartheid and oversaw the dismantlement of South African colonial rule over Namibia.", "sentence_answer": "Gorbachev's policies were designed at dismantling authoritarian elements of the state that were developed by <hl> Stalin <hl> , while aiming for a return to a supposed ideal Leninist state that retained one-party structure while allowing the democratic election of competing candidates within the Communist Party for political office.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bbd82b22cd4dfcfc00df"}
{"question": "Can you predict the development of cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable.", "answer": "questionable", "sentence": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is <hl> questionable <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is <hl> questionable <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6612972b22cd4dfcfbd7b7"}
{"question": "Where are cardiovascular diseases most prevalent?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death. In 2008, 30% of all global death is attributed to cardiovascular diseases. Death caused by cardiovascular diseases are also higher in low- and middle-income countries as over 80% of all global death caused by cardiovascular diseases occurred in those countries. It is also estimated that by 2030, over 23 million people will die from cardiovascular diseases each year.", "answer": "low- and middle-income countries", "sentence": "Death caused by cardiovascular diseases are also higher in low- and middle-income countries as over 80% of all global death caused by cardiovascular diseases occurred in those countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death. In 2008, 30% of all global death is attributed to cardiovascular diseases. <hl> Death caused by cardiovascular diseases are also higher in low- and middle-income countries as over 80% of all global death caused by cardiovascular diseases occurred in those countries. <hl> It is also estimated that by 2030, over 23 million people will die from cardiovascular diseases each year.", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death. In 2008, 30% of all global death is attributed to cardiovascular diseases. Death caused by cardiovascular diseases are also higher in <hl> low- and middle-income countries <hl> as over 80% of all global death caused by cardiovascular diseases occurred in those countries. It is also estimated that by 2030, over 23 million people will die from cardiovascular diseases each year.", "sentence_answer": "Death caused by cardiovascular diseases are also higher in <hl> low- and middle-income countries <hl> as over 80% of all global death caused by cardiovascular diseases occurred in those countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6681db2b22cd4dfcfbe12d"}
{"question": "What is the most important risk factor for developing CVD?", "paragraph": "Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life.  Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence. It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55.", "answer": "Age", "sentence": "Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Age is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life. <hl> Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence. It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Age <hl> is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life. Coronary fatty streaks can begin to form in adolescence. It is estimated that 82 percent of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 and older. At the same time, the risk of stroke doubles every decade after age 55.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Age <hl> is by far the most important risk factor in developing cardiovascular or heart diseases, with approximately a tripling of risk with each decade of life.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ccc62b22cd4dfcfbcd87"}
{"question": "What town in Connectitcut is most easily accessed by the entire population?", "paragraph": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "answer": "Cheshire", "sentence": "The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. <hl> The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of <hl> Cheshire <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of <hl> Cheshire <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66187a2b22cd4dfcfbd858"}
{"question": "What sea divides the city so the economic centers are on one side?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "answer": "Black Sea", "sentence": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea , divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea , divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. <hl> The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the <hl> Black Sea <hl>, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the <hl> Black Sea <hl> , divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8802b22cd4dfcfbcd28"}
{"question": "Which author wrote of the nature of agency within a decentralized structure?", "paragraph": "However, decentralization itself has been seen as part of a systems approach. Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. An important property of agent systems is the degree of connectivity or connectedness between the agents, a measure global flow of information or influence. If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "answer": "Norman Johnson", "sentence": "Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing.", "paragraph_sentence": "However, decentralization itself has been seen as part of a systems approach. <hl> Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. <hl> An important property of agent systems is the degree of connectivity or connectedness between the agents, a measure global flow of information or influence. If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "paragraph_answer": "However, decentralization itself has been seen as part of a systems approach. <hl> Norman Johnson <hl> of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. An important property of agent systems is the degree of connectivity or connectedness between the agents, a measure global flow of information or influence. If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Norman Johnson <hl> of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9b72b22cd4dfcfbd254"}
{"question": "What are tensile structures dependent on for their strength?", "paragraph": "The architect is usually the lead designer on buildings, with a structural engineer employed as a sub-consultant. The degree to which each discipline actually leads the design depends heavily on the type of structure. Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "answer": "their form", "sentence": "Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "paragraph_sentence": "The architect is usually the lead designer on buildings, with a structural engineer employed as a sub-consultant. The degree to which each discipline actually leads the design depends heavily on the type of structure. <hl> Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The architect is usually the lead designer on buildings, with a structural engineer employed as a sub-consultant. The degree to which each discipline actually leads the design depends heavily on the type of structure. Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on <hl> their form <hl> for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "sentence_answer": "Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on <hl> their form <hl> for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "paragraph_id": "5d67591a2b22cd4dfcfbf7d5"}
{"question": "From what was the Connecticut Colony independent?", "paragraph": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "answer": "English Crown", "sentence": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown , and they were independent political entities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown , and they were independent political entities. <hl> They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the <hl> English Crown <hl>, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the <hl> English Crown <hl> , and they were independent political entities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6785fa2b22cd4dfcfbfde4"}
{"question": "In what year was Connecticut granted governmental authority?", "paragraph": "Connecticut is known as the \"Constitution State\". While the origin of this title is uncertain, the nickname may either refer to the Fundamental Orders of 1638\u201339 or possibly the \"Great Compromise\" (\"Connecticut Compromise\") of the 1787 Constitutional convention. These Fundamental Orders represent the framework for the first formal government written by a representative body in Connecticut. The government has operated under the direction of four separate documents in the course of Connecticut Constitutional History. After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662.", "answer": "1662", "sentence": "After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut is known as the \"Constitution State\". While the origin of this title is uncertain, the nickname may either refer to the Fundamental Orders of 1638\u201339 or possibly the \"Great Compromise\" (\"Connecticut Compromise\") of the 1787 Constitutional convention. These Fundamental Orders represent the framework for the first formal government written by a representative body in Connecticut. The government has operated under the direction of four separate documents in the course of Connecticut Constitutional History. <hl> After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut is known as the \"Constitution State\". While the origin of this title is uncertain, the nickname may either refer to the Fundamental Orders of 1638\u201339 or possibly the \"Great Compromise\" (\"Connecticut Compromise\") of the 1787 Constitutional convention. These Fundamental Orders represent the framework for the first formal government written by a representative body in Connecticut. The government has operated under the direction of four separate documents in the course of Connecticut Constitutional History. After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of <hl> 1662 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of <hl> 1662 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667bf52b22cd4dfcfbe079"}
{"question": "Which European people brought the most slaves to the Caribbean in 1778?", "paragraph": "As of 1778, Thomas Kitchin estimated that Europeans were bringing an estimated 52,000 slaves to the Caribbean yearly, with the French bringing the most Africans to the French West Indies (13,000 out of the yearly estimate). The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following the Kongo Civil War. Wars among tiny states along the Niger River's Igbo-inhabited region and the accompanying banditry also spiked in this period. Another reason for surplus supply of enslaved people was major warfare conducted by expanding states, such as the kingdom of Dahomey, the Oyo Empire, and the Asante Empire.", "answer": "French", "sentence": "As of 1778, Thomas Kitchin estimated that Europeans were bringing an estimated 52,000 slaves to the Caribbean yearly, with the French bringing the most Africans to the French West Indies (13,000 out of the yearly estimate).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As of 1778, Thomas Kitchin estimated that Europeans were bringing an estimated 52,000 slaves to the Caribbean yearly, with the French bringing the most Africans to the French West Indies (13,000 out of the yearly estimate). <hl> The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following the Kongo Civil War. Wars among tiny states along the Niger River's Igbo-inhabited region and the accompanying banditry also spiked in this period. Another reason for surplus supply of enslaved people was major warfare conducted by expanding states, such as the kingdom of Dahomey, the Oyo Empire, and the Asante Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "As of 1778, Thomas Kitchin estimated that Europeans were bringing an estimated 52,000 slaves to the Caribbean yearly, with the <hl> French <hl> bringing the most Africans to the French West Indies (13,000 out of the yearly estimate). The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the last two decades of the 18th century, during and following the Kongo Civil War. Wars among tiny states along the Niger River's Igbo-inhabited region and the accompanying banditry also spiked in this period. Another reason for surplus supply of enslaved people was major warfare conducted by expanding states, such as the kingdom of Dahomey, the Oyo Empire, and the Asante Empire.", "sentence_answer": "As of 1778, Thomas Kitchin estimated that Europeans were bringing an estimated 52,000 slaves to the Caribbean yearly, with the <hl> French <hl> bringing the most Africans to the French West Indies (13,000 out of the yearly estimate).", "paragraph_id": "5d66438b2b22cd4dfcfbdbaf"}
{"question": "What popular rap rock group was influenced by drum and bass?", "paragraph": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "answer": "Linkin Park", "sentence": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park , The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park , The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. <hl> Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "paragraph_answer": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, <hl> Linkin Park <hl>, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "sentence_answer": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, <hl> Linkin Park <hl> , The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements.", "paragraph_id": "5d6604892b22cd4dfcfbd5b6"}
{"question": "Lens are either long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses depending on their what?", "paragraph": "Linear magnification M is not always the most useful measure of magnifying power. For instance, when characterizing a visual telescope or binoculars that produce only a virtual image, one would be more concerned with the angular magnification\u2014which expresses how much larger a distant object appears through the telescope compared to the naked eye. In the case of a camera one would quote the plate scale, which compares the apparent (angular) size of a distant object to the size of the real image produced at the focus. The plate scale is the reciprocal of the focal length of the camera lens; lenses are categorized as long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses according to their focal lengths.", "answer": "focal lengths", "sentence": "The plate scale is the reciprocal of the focal length of the camera lens; lenses are categorized as long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses according to their focal lengths .", "paragraph_sentence": "Linear magnification M is not always the most useful measure of magnifying power. For instance, when characterizing a visual telescope or binoculars that produce only a virtual image, one would be more concerned with the angular magnification\u2014which expresses how much larger a distant object appears through the telescope compared to the naked eye. In the case of a camera one would quote the plate scale, which compares the apparent (angular) size of a distant object to the size of the real image produced at the focus. <hl> The plate scale is the reciprocal of the focal length of the camera lens; lenses are categorized as long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses according to their focal lengths . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Linear magnification M is not always the most useful measure of magnifying power. For instance, when characterizing a visual telescope or binoculars that produce only a virtual image, one would be more concerned with the angular magnification\u2014which expresses how much larger a distant object appears through the telescope compared to the naked eye. In the case of a camera one would quote the plate scale, which compares the apparent (angular) size of a distant object to the size of the real image produced at the focus. The plate scale is the reciprocal of the focal length of the camera lens; lenses are categorized as long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses according to their <hl> focal lengths <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The plate scale is the reciprocal of the focal length of the camera lens; lenses are categorized as long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses according to their <hl> focal lengths <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d677b342b22cd4dfcfbfd08"}
{"question": "What is the northernmost U.S. city to be considered a humid, subtripical climate.", "paragraph": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, helping to moderate the amount of snow, which averages 25 inches (64 cm) each year. Spring and fall in New York City are mild, while summer is very warm and humid, with temperatures of 90 \u00b0F (32 \u00b0C) or higher recorded from 18 to 25 days on average during the season. The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "answer": "New York City", "sentence": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. <hl> Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, helping to moderate the amount of snow, which averages 25 inches (64 cm) each year. Spring and fall in New York City are mild, while summer is very warm and humid, with temperatures of 90 \u00b0F (32 \u00b0C) or higher recorded from 18 to 25 days on average during the season. The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "paragraph_answer": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, <hl> New York City <hl> including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, helping to moderate the amount of snow, which averages 25 inches (64 cm) each year. Spring and fall in New York City are mild, while summer is very warm and humid, with temperatures of 90 \u00b0F (32 \u00b0C) or higher recorded from 18 to 25 days on average during the season. The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "sentence_answer": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, <hl> New York City <hl> including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fe5a2b22cd4dfcfbe98a"}
{"question": "What the government sponsored?", "paragraph": "The Andes Mountains form a north-south axis of cultural influences. A long series of cultural development culminated in the expansion of the Inca civilization and Inca Empire in the central Andes during the 15th century. The Incas formed this civilization through imperialistic militarism as well as careful and meticulous governmental management. The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations. Some of these constructions are still in existence today.", "answer": "the construction of aqueducts and roads", "sentence": "The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes Mountains form a north-south axis of cultural influences. A long series of cultural development culminated in the expansion of the Inca civilization and Inca Empire in the central Andes during the 15th century. The Incas formed this civilization through imperialistic militarism as well as careful and meticulous governmental management. <hl> The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations. <hl> Some of these constructions are still in existence today.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes Mountains form a north-south axis of cultural influences. A long series of cultural development culminated in the expansion of the Inca civilization and Inca Empire in the central Andes during the 15th century. The Incas formed this civilization through imperialistic militarism as well as careful and meticulous governmental management. The government sponsored <hl> the construction of aqueducts and roads <hl> in addition to preexisting installations. Some of these constructions are still in existence today.", "sentence_answer": "The government sponsored <hl> the construction of aqueducts and roads <hl> in addition to preexisting installations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608c82b22cd4dfcfbd654"}
{"question": "Where did the first Pilgrims settle?", "paragraph": "The Pilgrims were a small Protestant sect based in England and the Netherlands. One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620. After drawing up the Mayflower Compact by which they gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus. Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "answer": "Plymouth, Massachusetts", "sentence": "One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Pilgrims were a small Protestant sect based in England and the Netherlands. <hl> One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620. <hl> After drawing up the Mayflower Compact by which they gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus. Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "paragraph_answer": "The Pilgrims were a small Protestant sect based in England and the Netherlands. One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in <hl> Plymouth, Massachusetts <hl> in 1620. After drawing up the Mayflower Compact by which they gave themselves broad powers of self-governance, they established the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Rev. Roger Williams on land provided by the Narragansett sachem, Canonicus. Williams, fleeing from religious persecution in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, agreed with his fellow settlers on an egalitarian constitution providing for majority rule \"in civil things\" and \"liberty of conscience\".", "sentence_answer": "One group sailed on the Mayflower and settled in <hl> Plymouth, Massachusetts <hl> in 1620.", "paragraph_id": "5d661cd02b22cd4dfcfbd914"}
{"question": "What specific property of the vascular wall is decreased with age?", "paragraph": "Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease.", "answer": "arterial compliance", "sentence": "Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced arterial compliance and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced <hl> arterial compliance <hl> and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease.", "sentence_answer": "Aging is also associated with changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the vascular wall, which leads to the loss of arterial elasticity and reduced <hl> arterial compliance <hl> and may subsequently lead to coronary artery disease.", "paragraph_id": "5d65cf6c2b22cd4dfcfbcdb0"}
{"question": "How would one describe logical consequence relation?", "paragraph": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "answer": "semidecidable", "sentence": "Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable , much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). <hl> Although the logical consequence relation is only semidecidable , much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. <hl> First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many deductive systems for first-order logic which are both sound (all provable statements are true in all models) and complete (all statements which are true in all models are provable). Although the logical consequence relation is only <hl> semidecidable <hl>, much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic. First-order logic also satisfies several metalogical theorems that make it amenable to analysis in proof theory, such as the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and the compactness theorem.", "sentence_answer": "Although the logical consequence relation is only <hl> semidecidable <hl> , much progress has been made in automated theorem proving in first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b43f2b22cd4dfcfbe410"}
{"question": "How many metals have teams outside the \"Big Six\" won since 1953?", "paragraph": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "answer": "five", "sentence": "Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "paragraph_sentence": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. <hl> Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only five medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In international competitions, the national teams of six countries (The \"Big Six\") predominate: Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. Of the 69 medals awarded all-time in men's competition at the Olympics, only six medals were not awarded to one of those countries. In the annual Ice Hockey World Championships, 177 of 201 medals have been awarded to the six nations. Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only <hl> five <hl> medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "sentence_answer": "Teams outside the \"Big Six\" have won only <hl> five <hl> medals in either competition since 1953: All 12 Women's Olympic and 36 IIHF World Women's Championships medals have been awarded to one of these six countries, and every gold medal in both competitions has been won by either the Canadian national team or the United States national team.", "paragraph_id": "5d668dcb2b22cd4dfcfbe23b"}
{"question": "What percentage of the Hispanic and Asian American vote did George W. Bush receive in 2004?", "paragraph": "In recent decades, Republicans have been moderately successful in gaining support from Hispanic and Asian American voters. George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. The party's strong anti-communist stance has made it popular among some minority groups from current and former Communist states, in particular Cuban Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, and Vietnamese Americans. The election of Bobby Jindal as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking. He is the first elected minority governor in Louisiana and the first state governor of Indian descent. In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. In the 2010 House election, Republicans won 60% of the white votes, 38% of Hispanic votes, and 9% of the African American vote. According to John Avlon in 2013, the Republican party is more diverse at the statewide elected official level than the Democratic Party, including Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval and South Carolina Senator Tim Scott.", "answer": "44%", "sentence": "George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent decades, Republicans have been moderately successful in gaining support from Hispanic and Asian American voters. <hl> George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and 44% in 2004. <hl> The party's strong anti-communist stance has made it popular among some minority groups from current and former Communist states, in particular Cuban Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, and Vietnamese Americans. The election of Bobby Jindal as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking. He is the first elected minority governor in Louisiana and the first state governor of Indian descent. In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. In the 2010 House election, Republicans won 60% of the white votes, 38% of Hispanic votes, and 9% of the African American vote. According to John Avlon in 2013, the Republican party is more diverse at the statewide elected official level than the Democratic Party, including Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval and South Carolina Senator Tim Scott.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent decades, Republicans have been moderately successful in gaining support from Hispanic and Asian American voters. George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and <hl> 44% <hl> in 2004. The party's strong anti-communist stance has made it popular among some minority groups from current and former Communist states, in particular Cuban Americans, Korean Americans, Chinese Americans, and Vietnamese Americans. The election of Bobby Jindal as Governor of Louisiana has been hailed as pathbreaking. He is the first elected minority governor in Louisiana and the first state governor of Indian descent. In the 2008 presidential election, John McCain won 55% of white votes, 35% of Asian votes, 31% of Hispanic votes, and 4% of African American votes. In the 2010 House election, Republicans won 60% of the white votes, 38% of Hispanic votes, and 9% of the African American vote. According to John Avlon in 2013, the Republican party is more diverse at the statewide elected official level than the Democratic Party, including Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval and South Carolina Senator Tim Scott.", "sentence_answer": "George W. Bush, who campaigned energetically for Hispanic votes, received 35% of their vote in 2000 and <hl> 44% <hl> in 2004.", "paragraph_id": "5d6716192b22cd4dfcfbeec5"}
{"question": "Where was the transition from hunter-gatherer to agriculturist considered region-specific?", "paragraph": "The beginning of this process in different regions has been dated from 10,000 to 8,000 BC in the Fertile Crescent and perhaps 8000 BC in the Kuk Early Agricultural Site of Melanesia to 2500 BC in Subsaharan Africa, with some[who?] considering the developments[clarification needed] of 9000\u20137000 BC in the Fertile Crescent to be the most important. This transition everywhere seems associated with a change from a largely nomadic hunter-gatherer way of life to a more settled, agrarian-based one, with the inception of the domestication of various plant and animal species\u2014depending on the species locally available, and probably also influenced by local culture. Recent archaeological research suggests that in some regions such as the Southeast Asian peninsula, the transition from hunter-gatherer to agriculturalist was not linear, but region-specific.", "answer": "Southeast Asian peninsula", "sentence": "Recent archaeological research suggests that in some regions such as the Southeast Asian peninsula , the transition from hunter-gatherer to agriculturalist was not linear, but region-specific.", "paragraph_sentence": "The beginning of this process in different regions has been dated from 10,000 to 8,000 BC in the Fertile Crescent and perhaps 8000 BC in the Kuk Early Agricultural Site of Melanesia to 2500 BC in Subsaharan Africa, with some[who?] considering the developments[clarification needed] of 9000\u20137000 BC in the Fertile Crescent to be the most important. This transition everywhere seems associated with a change from a largely nomadic hunter-gatherer way of life to a more settled, agrarian-based one, with the inception of the domestication of various plant and animal species\u2014depending on the species locally available, and probably also influenced by local culture. <hl> Recent archaeological research suggests that in some regions such as the Southeast Asian peninsula , the transition from hunter-gatherer to agriculturalist was not linear, but region-specific. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The beginning of this process in different regions has been dated from 10,000 to 8,000 BC in the Fertile Crescent and perhaps 8000 BC in the Kuk Early Agricultural Site of Melanesia to 2500 BC in Subsaharan Africa, with some[who?] considering the developments[clarification needed] of 9000\u20137000 BC in the Fertile Crescent to be the most important. This transition everywhere seems associated with a change from a largely nomadic hunter-gatherer way of life to a more settled, agrarian-based one, with the inception of the domestication of various plant and animal species\u2014depending on the species locally available, and probably also influenced by local culture. Recent archaeological research suggests that in some regions such as the <hl> Southeast Asian peninsula <hl>, the transition from hunter-gatherer to agriculturalist was not linear, but region-specific.", "sentence_answer": "Recent archaeological research suggests that in some regions such as the <hl> Southeast Asian peninsula <hl> , the transition from hunter-gatherer to agriculturalist was not linear, but region-specific.", "paragraph_id": "5d673c822b22cd4dfcfbf3a6"}
{"question": "The 50 states combined comprise what larger entity?", "paragraph": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "answer": "the United States of America", "sentence": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The 50 states of <hl> the United States of America <hl> are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "sentence_answer": "The 50 states of <hl> the United States of America <hl> are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6a92b22cd4dfcfbe7f9"}
{"question": "Statins don't have as long of an effect on what?", "paragraph": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "answer": "lipids", "sentence": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids . <hl> The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "paragraph_answer": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on <hl> lipids <hl>. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "sentence_answer": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on <hl> lipids <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d662e242b22cd4dfcfbdab0"}
{"question": "Why do many writers capitalize initials?", "paragraph": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction. Enforcing the latter, most professional editors case-fold such expansions to their standard orthography when editing manuscripts for publication. The justification is that (1) readers are smart enough to figure out where the letters came from, even without their being capitalized for emphasis, and that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography. By the same expectation (point 1), bold or italic font for the letters is considered equally unnecessary. For example,", "answer": "(trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from", "sentence": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from ), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from ), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction. <hl> Enforcing the latter, most professional editors case-fold such expansions to their standard orthography when editing manuscripts for publication. The justification is that (1) readers are smart enough to figure out where the letters came from, even without their being capitalized for emphasis, and that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography. By the same expectation (point 1), bold or italic font for the letters is considered equally unnecessary. For example,", "paragraph_answer": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis <hl> (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from <hl>), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction. Enforcing the latter, most professional editors case-fold such expansions to their standard orthography when editing manuscripts for publication. The justification is that (1) readers are smart enough to figure out where the letters came from, even without their being capitalized for emphasis, and that (2) common nouns do not take capital initials in standard English orthography. By the same expectation (point 1), bold or italic font for the letters is considered equally unnecessary. For example,", "sentence_answer": "Although many users of natural language, when engaging in expository writing, show a predisposition to capitalizing the initials of the expansion for pedagogical emphasis <hl> (trying to thrust the reader's attention toward where the letters are coming from <hl> ), this has no basis in standard English orthography, which reserves capitals for maintaining the common-versus-proper distinction.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a8de2b22cd4dfcfbcada"}
{"question": "In which century did public bodies begin requiring practitioners in Scotland and England to hold dual medical degrees?", "paragraph": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "answer": "mid-19th century", "sentence": "University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.).", "paragraph_sentence": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. <hl> University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). <hl> North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "paragraph_answer": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the <hl> mid-19th century <hl> the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "sentence_answer": "University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the <hl> mid-19th century <hl> the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.).", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb742b22cd4dfcfbd291"}
{"question": "What percentage said that free-trade agreements have hurt the US?", "paragraph": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "answer": "53%", "sentence": "An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53% , said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S.", "paragraph_sentence": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. <hl> An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53% , said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. <hl> That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, <hl> 53% <hl>, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "sentence_answer": "An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, <hl> 53% <hl> , said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S.", "paragraph_id": "5d676b602b22cd4dfcfbfac3"}
{"question": "On what island was a Dutch fur trading settlement founded in 1624?", "paragraph": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "answer": "Governors Island", "sentence": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island . <hl> In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "paragraph_answer": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on <hl> Governors Island <hl>. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam), in what is now Lower Manhattan. The 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. According to a letter by Pieter Janszoon Schagen, Peter Minuit and Dutch colonists acquired Manhattan on May 24, 1626 from unnamed Native American people, which are believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape, in exchange for trade goods worth 60 guilders, often said to be worth US$24, although accounting for inflation, it actually amounts to around US$1,050 in 2014. According to the writer Nathaniel Benchley, Minuit conducted the transaction with Seyseys, chief of the Canarsees, who were only too happy to accept valuable merchandise in exchange for the island that was actually mostly controlled by the Weckquaesgeeks.", "sentence_answer": "A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on <hl> Governors Island <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff252b22cd4dfcfbe9b1"}
{"question": "What did Horace Greeley suggest the Republican Party name be known as a leader of?", "paragraph": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "answer": "Liberty", "sentence": "[that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\".", "paragraph_sentence": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' <hl> [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". <hl> The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "paragraph_answer": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of <hl> Liberty <hl> rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "sentence_answer": "[that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of <hl> Liberty <hl> rather than propagandist of slavery\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6735f92b22cd4dfcfbf29c"}
{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedc3"}
{"question": "October Revolution was carried out by which group?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Bolsheviks", "sentence": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks , who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks , who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. <hl> However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the <hl> Bolsheviks <hl>, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the <hl> Bolsheviks <hl> , who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815ec2b22cd4dfcfc0597"}
{"question": "A vanguard party is the hallmark of what political ideology?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism. It remains the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, and was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the other ruling parties making up the Eastern Bloc.", "answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism", "sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marxism\u2013Leninism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. <hl> Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism. It remains the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, and was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the other ruling parties making up the Eastern Bloc.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Marxism\u2013Leninism <hl> is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism. It remains the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, and was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the other ruling parties making up the Eastern Bloc.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Marxism\u2013Leninism <hl> is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further.", "paragraph_id": "5d6728b72b22cd4dfcfbf120"}
{"question": "How many stable isotopes does Tin have in total?", "paragraph": "Tin has ten stable isotopes, with atomic masses of 112, 114 through 120, 122 and 124, the greatest number of any element. Of these, the most abundant ones are 120Sn (at almost a third of all tin), 118Sn, and 116Sn, while the least abundant one is 115Sn. The isotopes possessing even mass numbers have no nuclear spin, while the odd ones have a spin of +1/2. Tin, with its three common isotopes 116Sn, 118Sn and 120Sn, is among the easiest elements to detect and analyze by NMR spectroscopy, and its chemical shifts are referenced against SnMe4.[note 1]", "answer": "ten", "sentence": "Tin has ten stable isotopes, with atomic masses of 112, 114 through 120, 122 and 124, the greatest number of any element.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin has ten stable isotopes, with atomic masses of 112, 114 through 120, 122 and 124, the greatest number of any element. <hl> Of these, the most abundant ones are 120Sn (at almost a third of all tin), 118Sn, and 116Sn, while the least abundant one is 115Sn. The isotopes possessing even mass numbers have no nuclear spin, while the odd ones have a spin of +1/2. Tin, with its three common isotopes 116Sn, 118Sn and 120Sn, is among the easiest elements to detect and analyze by NMR spectroscopy, and its chemical shifts are referenced against SnMe4.[note 1]", "paragraph_answer": "Tin has <hl> ten <hl> stable isotopes, with atomic masses of 112, 114 through 120, 122 and 124, the greatest number of any element. Of these, the most abundant ones are 120Sn (at almost a third of all tin), 118Sn, and 116Sn, while the least abundant one is 115Sn. The isotopes possessing even mass numbers have no nuclear spin, while the odd ones have a spin of +1/2. Tin, with its three common isotopes 116Sn, 118Sn and 120Sn, is among the easiest elements to detect and analyze by NMR spectroscopy, and its chemical shifts are referenced against SnMe4.[note 1]", "sentence_answer": "Tin has <hl> ten <hl> stable isotopes, with atomic masses of 112, 114 through 120, 122 and 124, the greatest number of any element.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0352b22cd4dfcfbe64a"}
{"question": "What stretch of water divides the city of Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "answer": "The Bosphorus", "sentence": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus , which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus , which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. <hl> The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] <hl> The Bosphorus <hl>, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] <hl> The Bosphorus <hl> , which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8802b22cd4dfcfbcd25"}
{"question": "In what year was Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 released as RTM?", "paragraph": "On July 22, 2009, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released as RTM (release to manufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009. Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista, which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible. Windows 7 has multi-touch support, a redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, and performance improvements.", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "On July 22, 2009 , Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released as RTM (release to manufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On July 22, 2009 , Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released as RTM (release to manufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009. <hl> Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista, which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible. Windows 7 has multi-touch support, a redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, and performance improvements.", "paragraph_answer": "On July 22, <hl> 2009 <hl>, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released as RTM (release to manufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009. Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista, which introduced a large number of new features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible. Windows 7 has multi-touch support, a redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup, and performance improvements.", "sentence_answer": "On July 22, <hl> 2009 <hl> , Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 were released as RTM (release to manufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715b32b22cd4dfcfbee9e"}
{"question": "What famous players were part of Oxford United?", "paragraph": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013  23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead.", "answer": "John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead", "sentence": "Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead .", "paragraph_sentence": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. <hl> Notable former players include John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The city's leading football club, Oxford United, are currently in League Two, the fourth tier of league football, though they enjoyed some success in the past in the upper reaches of the league. They were elected to the Football League in 1962, reached the Third Division after three years and the Second Division after six, and most notably reached the First Division in 1985 \u2013 23 years after joining the Football League. They spent three seasons in the top flight, winning the Football League Cup a year after promotion. The 18 years that followed relegation in 1988 saw their fortunes decline gradually, though a brief respite in 1996 saw them win promotion to the new (post Premier League) Division One in 1996 and stay there for three years. They were relegated to the Football Conference in 2006, staying there for four seasons before returning to the Football League in 2010. They play at the Kassam Stadium (named after former chairman Firoz Kassam), which is situated near the Blackbird Leys housing estate and has been their home since relocation from the Manor Ground in 2001. The club's notable former managers include Ian Greaves, Jim Smith, Maurice Evans, Brian Horton and Denis Smith. Notable former players include <hl> John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Notable former players include <hl> John Aldridge, Ray Houghton, Tommy Caton, Matt Elliott, Nigel Jemson and Dean Whitehead <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673b9b2b22cd4dfcfbf36a"}
{"question": "What must be respected to preserve the correctness of divertions, when applied?", "paragraph": "The substitution rule demonstrates several common aspects of rules of inference. It is entirely syntactical; one can tell whether it was correctly applied without appeal to any interpretation. It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied, which must be respected to preserve the correctness of derivations. Moreover, as is often the case, these limitations are necessary because of interactions between free and bound variables that occur during syntactic manipulations of the formulas involved in the inference rule.", "answer": "It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied", "sentence": "It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied , which must be respected to preserve the correctness of derivations.", "paragraph_sentence": "The substitution rule demonstrates several common aspects of rules of inference. It is entirely syntactical; one can tell whether it was correctly applied without appeal to any interpretation. <hl> It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied , which must be respected to preserve the correctness of derivations. <hl> Moreover, as is often the case, these limitations are necessary because of interactions between free and bound variables that occur during syntactic manipulations of the formulas involved in the inference rule.", "paragraph_answer": "The substitution rule demonstrates several common aspects of rules of inference. It is entirely syntactical; one can tell whether it was correctly applied without appeal to any interpretation. <hl> It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied <hl>, which must be respected to preserve the correctness of derivations. Moreover, as is often the case, these limitations are necessary because of interactions between free and bound variables that occur during syntactic manipulations of the formulas involved in the inference rule.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> It has (syntactically defined) limitations on when it can be applied <hl> , which must be respected to preserve the correctness of derivations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607a62b22cd4dfcfbd630"}
{"question": "What did Reince Priebus call Republicans to do?", "paragraph": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform. He said, \"There's no one reason we lost. Our message was weak; our ground game was insufficient; we weren't inclusive; we were behind in both data and digital; and our primary and debate process needed improvement.\" He proposed 219 reforms that included a $10 million marketing campaign to reach women, minorities and gays as well as setting a shorter, more controlled primary season and creating better data collection facilities.", "answer": "to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform", "sentence": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform . <hl> He said, \"There's no one reason we lost. Our message was weak; our ground game was insufficient; we weren't inclusive; we were behind in both data and digital; and our primary and debate process needed improvement.\" He proposed 219 reforms that included a $10 million marketing campaign to reach women, minorities and gays as well as setting a shorter, more controlled primary season and creating better data collection facilities.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans <hl> to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform <hl>. He said, \"There's no one reason we lost. Our message was weak; our ground game was insufficient; we weren't inclusive; we were behind in both data and digital; and our primary and debate process needed improvement.\" He proposed 219 reforms that included a $10 million marketing campaign to reach women, minorities and gays as well as setting a shorter, more controlled primary season and creating better data collection facilities.", "sentence_answer": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans <hl> to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67d7a22b22cd4dfcfc02ef"}
{"question": "Who were the First Nations?", "paragraph": "In recent years historians have enlarged their perspective to cover the entire Atlantic world in a subfield now known as Atlantic history. Of special interest are such themes as international migration, trade, colonization, comparative military and governmental institutions, the transmission of religions and missionary work, and the slave trade. It was the Age of the Enlightenment, and ideas flowed back and forth across the Atlantic, with Philadelphian Benjamin Franklin playing a major role. Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg, (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations (Indians) and the United States fought a series of conflicts that can be called a \"Long War for the West\" over control of the region.", "answer": "Indians", "sentence": "Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg, (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations ( Indians )", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years historians have enlarged their perspective to cover the entire Atlantic world in a subfield now known as Atlantic history. Of special interest are such themes as international migration, trade, colonization, comparative military and governmental institutions, the transmission of religions and missionary work, and the slave trade. It was the Age of the Enlightenment, and ideas flowed back and forth across the Atlantic, with Philadelphian Benjamin Franklin playing a major role. <hl> Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg, (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations ( Indians ) <hl> and the United States fought a series of conflicts that can be called a \"Long War for the West\" over control of the region.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years historians have enlarged their perspective to cover the entire Atlantic world in a subfield now known as Atlantic history. Of special interest are such themes as international migration, trade, colonization, comparative military and governmental institutions, the transmission of religions and missionary work, and the slave trade. It was the Age of the Enlightenment, and ideas flowed back and forth across the Atlantic, with Philadelphian Benjamin Franklin playing a major role. Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg, (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations (<hl> Indians <hl>) and the United States fought a series of conflicts that can be called a \"Long War for the West\" over control of the region.", "sentence_answer": "Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg, (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations ( <hl> Indians <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d676e292b22cd4dfcfbfb40"}
{"question": "In standard orientation, in what orientation is the xy-plane?", "paragraph": "Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line.  The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed'.  The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "answer": "horizontal", "sentence": " The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "paragraph_sentence": "Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line. The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed'. <hl> The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line. The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed'. The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is <hl> horizontal <hl> and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "sentence_answer": " The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is <hl> horizontal <hl> and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "paragraph_id": "5d6622c32b22cd4dfcfbd9c5"}
{"question": "When did the naval forces of resistance were formed?", "paragraph": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "answer": "19 September 1942", "sentence": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942 , when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942 , when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. <hl> This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as <hl> 19 September 1942 <hl>, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as <hl> 19 September 1942 <hl> , when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bce52b22cd4dfcfc010a"}
{"question": "What do subroutines require?", "paragraph": "The idea of a subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time.\nThe arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time and have changed relatively little; but the special instructions used for procedure calls have changed greatly over the years.\nThe earliest computers and microprocessors, such as the Small-Scale Experimental Machine and the RCA 1802, did not have a single subroutine call instruction.\nSubroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence\u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site.\nSome very early computers and microprocessors, such as the IBM 1620, the Intel 8008, and the PIC microcontrollers, have a single-instruction subroutine call that uses dedicated hardware stack to store return addresses\u2014such hardware supports only a few levels of subroutine nesting, but can support recursive subroutines.\nMachines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use a calling convention which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine. This allows arbitrarily deep levels of subroutine nesting, but does not support recursive subroutines.\nThe PDP-11 (1970) is one of the first computers with a stack-pushing subroutine call instruction; this feature supports both arbitrarily deep subroutine nesting and also supports recursive subroutines.", "answer": "programmers to use the call sequence", "sentence": "\nSubroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence \u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site.", "paragraph_sentence": "The idea of a subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time. The arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time and have changed relatively little; but the special instructions used for procedure calls have changed greatly over the years. The earliest computers and microprocessors, such as the Small-Scale Experimental Machine and the RCA 1802, did not have a single subroutine call instruction. <hl> Subroutines could be implemented, but they required programmers to use the call sequence \u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site. <hl> Some very early computers and microprocessors, such as the IBM 1620, the Intel 8008, and the PIC microcontrollers, have a single-instruction subroutine call that uses dedicated hardware stack to store return addresses\u2014such hardware supports only a few levels of subroutine nesting, but can support recursive subroutines. Machines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use a calling convention which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine. This allows arbitrarily deep levels of subroutine nesting, but does not support recursive subroutines. The PDP-11 (1970) is one of the first computers with a stack-pushing subroutine call instruction; this feature supports both arbitrarily deep subroutine nesting and also supports recursive subroutines.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of a subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time. The arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time and have changed relatively little; but the special instructions used for procedure calls have changed greatly over the years. The earliest computers and microprocessors, such as the Small-Scale Experimental Machine and the RCA 1802, did not have a single subroutine call instruction. Subroutines could be implemented, but they required <hl> programmers to use the call sequence <hl>\u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site. Some very early computers and microprocessors, such as the IBM 1620, the Intel 8008, and the PIC microcontrollers, have a single-instruction subroutine call that uses dedicated hardware stack to store return addresses\u2014such hardware supports only a few levels of subroutine nesting, but can support recursive subroutines. Machines before the mid 1960s\u2014such as the UNIVAC I, the PDP-1, and the IBM 1130\u2014typically use a calling convention which saved the instruction counter in the first memory location of the called subroutine. This allows arbitrarily deep levels of subroutine nesting, but does not support recursive subroutines. The PDP-11 (1970) is one of the first computers with a stack-pushing subroutine call instruction; this feature supports both arbitrarily deep subroutine nesting and also supports recursive subroutines.", "sentence_answer": " Subroutines could be implemented, but they required <hl> programmers to use the call sequence <hl> \u2014a series of instructions\u2014at each call site.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c882b22cd4dfcfbf591"}
{"question": "What is the source of E1b1a?", "paragraph": "The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively. In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa.", "answer": "West Africa", "sentence": "In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa .", "paragraph_sentence": "The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively. <hl> In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from West Africa . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated with distribution of the E1b1b lineages and Haplogroup J that are thought to have arrived in Europe from North Africa and the Near East respectively. In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from <hl> West Africa <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In Africa, the spread of farming, and notably the Bantu expansion, is associated with the dispersal of Y-chromosome haplogroup E1b1a from <hl> West Africa <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67d39e2b22cd4dfcfc02c8"}
{"question": "Which European people were the first to settle in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch. They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "answer": "Dutch", "sentence": "Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch . <hl> They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut's first European settlers were <hl> Dutch <hl>. They established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop. Initially, half of Connecticut was a part of the Dutch colony, New Netherland, which included much of the land between the Connecticut and Delaware rivers. The first major settlements were established in the 1630s by England. Thomas Hooker led a band of followers overland from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and founded what would become the Connecticut Colony; other settlers from Massachusetts founded the Saybrook Colony and the New Haven Colony. The Connecticut and New Haven Colonies established documents of Fundamental Orders, considered the first constitutions in North America. In 1662, the three colonies were merged under a royal charter, making Connecticut a crown colony. This colony was one of the Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut's first European settlers were <hl> Dutch <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ddf62b22cd4dfcfbcfe2"}
{"question": "How often does Microsoft publish updates?", "paragraph": "Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service approximately once a month (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary. In versions of Windows after and including Windows 2000 SP3 and Windows XP, updates can be automatically downloaded and installed if the user selects to do so. As a result, Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003, were installed by users more quickly than it otherwise might have been.", "answer": "approximately once a month", "sentence": "Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service approximately once a month (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service approximately once a month (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary. <hl> In versions of Windows after and including Windows 2000 SP3 and Windows XP, updates can be automatically downloaded and installed if the user selects to do so. As a result, Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003, were installed by users more quickly than it otherwise might have been.", "paragraph_answer": "Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service <hl> approximately once a month <hl> (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary. In versions of Windows after and including Windows 2000 SP3 and Windows XP, updates can be automatically downloaded and installed if the user selects to do so. As a result, Service Pack 2 for Windows XP, as well as Service Pack 1 for Windows Server 2003, were installed by users more quickly than it otherwise might have been.", "sentence_answer": "Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service <hl> approximately once a month <hl> (usually the second Tuesday of the month), although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary.", "paragraph_id": "5d672ca62b22cd4dfcfbf19f"}
{"question": "What is Libertarian Socialism sometimes used as another term for?", "paragraph": "Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that promote a non-hierarchical, non-bureaucratic society without private property in the means of production.  Libertarian socialists believe in converting present-day private productive property into common or public goods. Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization. It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism.", "answer": "left anarchism", "sentence": "The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism .", "paragraph_sentence": "Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that promote a non-hierarchical, non-bureaucratic society without private property in the means of production. Libertarian socialists believe in converting present-day private productive property into common or public goods. Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization. It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. <hl> The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that promote a non-hierarchical, non-bureaucratic society without private property in the means of production. Libertarian socialists believe in converting present-day private productive property into common or public goods. Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization. It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for <hl> left anarchism <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for <hl> left anarchism <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7942b22cd4dfcfbccf5"}
{"question": "How many states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing  equal rights for all sexes?", "paragraph": "Second-wave feminism was largely successful, with the failure of the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment and Nixon's veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972 (which would have provided a multibillion-dollar national day care system) the only major legislative defeats. Efforts to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment have continued. Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. Furthermore, many women's groups are still active and are major political forces. As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. The salary of the average American woman has also increased over time, although as of 2008 it is only 77% of the average man's salary, a phenomenon often referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.", "answer": "Ten states", "sentence": "Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment.", "paragraph_sentence": "Second-wave feminism was largely successful, with the failure of the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment and Nixon's veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972 (which would have provided a multibillion-dollar national day care system) the only major legislative defeats. Efforts to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment have continued. <hl> Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. <hl> Furthermore, many women's groups are still active and are major political forces. As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. The salary of the average American woman has also increased over time, although as of 2008 it is only 77% of the average man's salary, a phenomenon often referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.", "paragraph_answer": "Second-wave feminism was largely successful, with the failure of the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment and Nixon's veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972 (which would have provided a multibillion-dollar national day care system) the only major legislative defeats. Efforts to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment have continued. <hl> Ten states <hl> have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. Furthermore, many women's groups are still active and are major political forces. As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. The salary of the average American woman has also increased over time, although as of 2008 it is only 77% of the average man's salary, a phenomenon often referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Ten states <hl> have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment.", "paragraph_id": "5d6780dc2b22cd4dfcfbfda2"}
{"question": "What percent of people in the United States over the age of 80 have cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "answer": "85%", "sentence": "In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. <hl> In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. <hl> The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and <hl> 85% <hl> of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.", "sentence_answer": "In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and <hl> 85% <hl> of people over 80 have CVD.", "paragraph_id": "5d6613dc2b22cd4dfcfbd7d2"}
{"question": "How many medals did Canada claim at the olympics?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924 (and was played at the summer games in 1920). Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. The USSR won all but two gold medals from 1956 to 1988 as well as a final time as the Unified Team at the 1992 Albertville Olympics. The United States won their first gold medal in 1960. On the way to winning the gold medal at the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics amateur US college players defeated the heavily favoured Soviet squad \u2013 an event known as the \"Miracle on Ice\" in the United States. Restrictions on professional players were fully dropped at the 1998 games in Nagano. The Games saw the full participation of players from the NHL, which suspended operations during the Games and has done so in subsequent Games. The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. The 2010 games were the first played on NHL-sized ice rinks, which are narrower than the IIHF standard.", "answer": "six", "sentence": "Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924 (and was played at the summer games in 1920). <hl> Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. <hl> The USSR won all but two gold medals from 1956 to 1988 as well as a final time as the Unified Team at the 1992 Albertville Olympics. The United States won their first gold medal in 1960. On the way to winning the gold medal at the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics amateur US college players defeated the heavily favoured Soviet squad \u2013 an event known as the \"Miracle on Ice\" in the United States. Restrictions on professional players were fully dropped at the 1998 games in Nagano. The Games saw the full participation of players from the NHL, which suspended operations during the Games and has done so in subsequent Games. The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. The 2010 games were the first played on NHL-sized ice rinks, which are narrower than the IIHF standard.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924 (and was played at the summer games in 1920). Canada won <hl> six <hl> of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. The USSR won all but two gold medals from 1956 to 1988 as well as a final time as the Unified Team at the 1992 Albertville Olympics. The United States won their first gold medal in 1960. On the way to winning the gold medal at the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics amateur US college players defeated the heavily favoured Soviet squad \u2013 an event known as the \"Miracle on Ice\" in the United States. Restrictions on professional players were fully dropped at the 1998 games in Nagano. The Games saw the full participation of players from the NHL, which suspended operations during the Games and has done so in subsequent Games. The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. The 2010 games were the first played on NHL-sized ice rinks, which are narrower than the IIHF standard.", "sentence_answer": "Canada won <hl> six <hl> of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won.", "paragraph_id": "5d66934c2b22cd4dfcfbe2e0"}
{"question": "The main campus is in walking distance of what nearby neighborhood?", "paragraph": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood. The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University. Carlow University is just west of campus, adjacent to the University's medical center complexes. The main quad of Carnegie Mellon University, Central Catholic High School, and historic Schenley Park, site of the Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, lie across Junction Hollow on the east end.", "answer": "Oakland", "sentence": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the Oakland neighborhood. <hl> The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University. Carlow University is just west of campus, adjacent to the University's medical center complexes. The main quad of Carnegie Mellon University, Central Catholic High School, and historic Schenley Park, site of the Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, lie across Junction Hollow on the east end.", "paragraph_answer": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the <hl> Oakland <hl> neighborhood. The campus is adjacent to Schenley Plaza, the main branch of the Carnegie Public Library, the Carnegie Museums of Natural History and Art and the Carnegie Music Hall, as well as portions of Carnegie Mellon University. Carlow University is just west of campus, adjacent to the University's medical center complexes. The main quad of Carnegie Mellon University, Central Catholic High School, and historic Schenley Park, site of the Phipps Conservatory & Botanical Gardens, lie across Junction Hollow on the east end.", "sentence_answer": "The main campus is within walking distance of many recreational, cultural, and educational institutions in the <hl> Oakland <hl> neighborhood.", "paragraph_id": "5d68358d2b22cd4dfcfc0677"}
{"question": "Which department is charged with dealing with internal affairs of US territories?", "paragraph": "On March 3, 1849, the last day of the 30th Congress, a bill was passed to create the U.S. Department of the Interior to take charge of the internal affairs of United States territory. The Interior Department has a wide range of responsibilities (which include the regulation of territorial governments, the basic responsibilities for public lands, and other various duties).", "answer": "The Interior Department", "sentence": "The Interior Department has a wide range of responsibilities (which include the regulation of territorial governments, the basic responsibilities for public lands, and other various duties).", "paragraph_sentence": "On March 3, 1849, the last day of the 30th Congress, a bill was passed to create the U.S. Department of the Interior to take charge of the internal affairs of United States territory. <hl> The Interior Department has a wide range of responsibilities (which include the regulation of territorial governments, the basic responsibilities for public lands, and other various duties). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On March 3, 1849, the last day of the 30th Congress, a bill was passed to create the U.S. Department of the Interior to take charge of the internal affairs of United States territory. <hl> The Interior Department <hl> has a wide range of responsibilities (which include the regulation of territorial governments, the basic responsibilities for public lands, and other various duties).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Interior Department <hl> has a wide range of responsibilities (which include the regulation of territorial governments, the basic responsibilities for public lands, and other various duties).", "paragraph_id": "5d67e9f12b22cd4dfcfc03ee"}
{"question": "What are reliefs most suitably used for?", "paragraph": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative.  Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\".  Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "answer": "Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round", "sentence": " Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round \".", "paragraph_sentence": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. <hl> Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round \". <hl> Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "paragraph_answer": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. <hl> Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round <hl>\". Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6652b22cd4dfcfbe7ed"}
{"question": "Marx formed a political philosophy with which man?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism. It remains the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, and was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the other ruling parties making up the Eastern Bloc.", "answer": "Lenin", "sentence": "Marxism\u2013 Lenin ism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marxism\u2013 Lenin ism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. <hl> Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism. It remains the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, and was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the other ruling parties making up the Eastern Bloc.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013<hl> Lenin <hl>ism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism. It remains the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, and was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the other ruling parties making up the Eastern Bloc.", "sentence_answer": "Marxism\u2013 <hl> Lenin <hl> ism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further.", "paragraph_id": "5d6728b72b22cd4dfcfbf11e"}
{"question": "How many Adult New Yorkers are low warn earners?", "paragraph": "Part of the problem lies with long-term joblessness that characterizes the United States' economic crisis. According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. Affordable rent rates considered to be no more than a third of the renter's wages. A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home. The median household income for renters in the Bronx and Brooklyn is barely $30,000 and $35,000 respectively. According to the Community Service Society, \"Two-thirds of poor New Yorkers and over one-third of near poor households\u2014up to twice the poverty level\u2014spend at least half of their incomes on rent\u2026and place millions of low-income New Yorkers at risk of housing hardships and displacement.\"", "answer": "about a third of the adult workers in New York City", "sentence": "According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour.", "paragraph_sentence": "Part of the problem lies with long-term joblessness that characterizes the United States' economic crisis. <hl> According to the Center for an Urban Future about a third of the adult workers in New York City are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. <hl> Affordable rent rates considered to be no more than a third of the renter's wages. A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home. The median household income for renters in the Bronx and Brooklyn is barely $30,000 and $35,000 respectively. According to the Community Service Society, \"Two-thirds of poor New Yorkers and over one-third of near poor households\u2014up to twice the poverty level\u2014spend at least half of their incomes on rent\u2026and place millions of low-income New Yorkers at risk of housing hardships and displacement.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Part of the problem lies with long-term joblessness that characterizes the United States' economic crisis. According to the Center for an Urban Future <hl> about a third of the adult workers in New York City <hl> are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour. Affordable rent rates considered to be no more than a third of the renter's wages. A family in New York City must earn at least $54,000 to find an affordable home. The median household income for renters in the Bronx and Brooklyn is barely $30,000 and $35,000 respectively. According to the Community Service Society, \"Two-thirds of poor New Yorkers and over one-third of near poor households\u2014up to twice the poverty level\u2014spend at least half of their incomes on rent\u2026and place millions of low-income New Yorkers at risk of housing hardships and displacement.\"", "sentence_answer": "According to the Center for an Urban Future <hl> about a third of the adult workers in New York City <hl> are low-wage earners, making under $11.54 an hour.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2692b22cd4dfcfbd0ed"}
{"question": "When did all support for Windows 98 cease?", "paragraph": "Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced the Windows Driver Model, support for USB composite devices, support for ACPI, hibernation, and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows 95). In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, an updated version of Windows 98. Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006.", "answer": "July 11, 2006", "sentence": "Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced the Windows Driver Model, support for USB composite devices, support for ACPI, hibernation, and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows 95). In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, an updated version of Windows 98. Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. <hl> Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced the Windows Driver Model, support for USB composite devices, support for ACPI, hibernation, and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows 95). In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, an updated version of Windows 98. Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on <hl> July 11, 2006 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on <hl> July 11, 2006 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670df52b22cd4dfcfbec65"}