{"question": "What does molecular science focus on?", "paragraph": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "answer": "mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns", "sentence": "At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns .", "paragraph_sentence": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. <hl> At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns . <hl> At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "paragraph_answer": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the <hl> mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns <hl>. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "sentence_answer": "At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the <hl> mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b2f22b22cd4dfcfbffc7"}
{"question": "October Revolution was carried out by which group?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Bolsheviks", "sentence": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks , who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks , who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. <hl> However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the <hl> Bolsheviks <hl>, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the <hl> Bolsheviks <hl> , who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815dd2b22cd4dfcfc056f"}
{"question": "What figure did Reuters report in February 2013?", "paragraph": "Wells Fargo economists estimated the figure around 150,000 in January 2013: \"Over the past three months, labor force participation has averaged 63.7 percent, the same as the average for 2012. If the participation rate holds steady, how many new jobs are needed to lower the unemployment rate? The steady employment gains in recent months suggest a rough answer. The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent. Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000. Therefore, it appears that the magic number is something above 151,000 jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate.\" Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "answer": "250,000", "sentence": "Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Wells Fargo economists estimated the figure around 150,000 in January 2013: \"Over the past three months, labor force participation has averaged 63.7 percent, the same as the average for 2012. If the participation rate holds steady, how many new jobs are needed to lower the unemployment rate? The steady employment gains in recent months suggest a rough answer. The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent. Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000. Therefore, it appears that the magic number is something above 151,000 jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate.\" <hl> Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Wells Fargo economists estimated the figure around 150,000 in January 2013: \"Over the past three months, labor force participation has averaged 63.7 percent, the same as the average for 2012. If the participation rate holds steady, how many new jobs are needed to lower the unemployment rate? The steady employment gains in recent months suggest a rough answer. The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent. Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000. Therefore, it appears that the magic number is something above 151,000 jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate.\" Reuters reported a figure of <hl> 250,000 <hl> in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "sentence_answer": "Reuters reported a figure of <hl> 250,000 <hl> in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d674d182b22cd4dfcfbf5a5"}
{"question": "What does Windows NT  protect?", "paragraph": "The Windows NT series of operating systems, by contrast, are true multi-user, and implement absolute memory protection. However, a lot of the advantages of being a true multi-user operating system were nullified by the fact that, prior to Windows Vista, the first user account created during the setup process was an administrator account, which was also the default for new accounts. Though Windows XP did have limited accounts, the majority of home users did not change to an account type with fewer rights \u2013 partially due to the number of programs which unnecessarily required administrator rights \u2013 and so most home users ran as administrator all the time.", "answer": "memory", "sentence": "The Windows NT series of operating systems, by contrast, are true multi-user, and implement absolute memory protection.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Windows NT series of operating systems, by contrast, are true multi-user, and implement absolute memory protection. <hl> However, a lot of the advantages of being a true multi-user operating system were nullified by the fact that, prior to Windows Vista, the first user account created during the setup process was an administrator account, which was also the default for new accounts. Though Windows XP did have limited accounts, the majority of home users did not change to an account type with fewer rights \u2013 partially due to the number of programs which unnecessarily required administrator rights \u2013 and so most home users ran as administrator all the time.", "paragraph_answer": "The Windows NT series of operating systems, by contrast, are true multi-user, and implement absolute <hl> memory <hl> protection. However, a lot of the advantages of being a true multi-user operating system were nullified by the fact that, prior to Windows Vista, the first user account created during the setup process was an administrator account, which was also the default for new accounts. Though Windows XP did have limited accounts, the majority of home users did not change to an account type with fewer rights \u2013 partially due to the number of programs which unnecessarily required administrator rights \u2013 and so most home users ran as administrator all the time.", "sentence_answer": "The Windows NT series of operating systems, by contrast, are true multi-user, and implement absolute <hl> memory <hl> protection.", "paragraph_id": "5d672e482b22cd4dfcfbf1d6"}
{"question": "What is defined as opposition to that which is good or right?", "paragraph": "Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "answer": "Immorality", "sentence": "Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Immorality is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Immorality <hl> is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Immorality <hl> is the active opposition to morality (i.e. opposition to that which is good or right), while amorality is variously defined as an unawareness of, indifference toward, or disbelief in any set of moral standards or principles.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e4d82b22cd4dfcfc03c3"}
{"question": "What was the first naval unit formed from?", "paragraph": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "answer": "made of fishing boats", "sentence": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats , which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats , which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. <hl> This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit <hl> made of fishing boats <hl>, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit <hl> made of fishing boats <hl> , which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bce52b22cd4dfcfc010b"}
{"question": "What is an example of a subprogram that may return different results?", "paragraph": "A subroutine call may also have side effects such as modifying data structures in a computer memory, reading from or writing to a peripheral device, creating a file, halting the program or the machine, or even delaying the program's execution for a specified time. A subprogram with side effects may return different results each time it is called, even if it is called with the same arguments. An example is a random number function, available in many languages, that returns a different pseudo-random number each time it is called. The widespread use of subroutines with side effects is a characteristic of imperative programming languages.", "answer": "a random number function", "sentence": "An example is a random number function , available in many languages, that returns a different pseudo-random number each time it is called.", "paragraph_sentence": "A subroutine call may also have side effects such as modifying data structures in a computer memory, reading from or writing to a peripheral device, creating a file, halting the program or the machine, or even delaying the program's execution for a specified time. A subprogram with side effects may return different results each time it is called, even if it is called with the same arguments. <hl> An example is a random number function , available in many languages, that returns a different pseudo-random number each time it is called. <hl> The widespread use of subroutines with side effects is a characteristic of imperative programming languages.", "paragraph_answer": "A subroutine call may also have side effects such as modifying data structures in a computer memory, reading from or writing to a peripheral device, creating a file, halting the program or the machine, or even delaying the program's execution for a specified time. A subprogram with side effects may return different results each time it is called, even if it is called with the same arguments. An example is <hl> a random number function <hl>, available in many languages, that returns a different pseudo-random number each time it is called. The widespread use of subroutines with side effects is a characteristic of imperative programming languages.", "sentence_answer": "An example is <hl> a random number function <hl> , available in many languages, that returns a different pseudo-random number each time it is called.", "paragraph_id": "5d671f382b22cd4dfcfbefe3"}
{"question": "Before surnames were common, what were women in the lower classes called?", "paragraph": "Until the end of the 19th century it was common for women, especially those from a very poor background, not to have a surname and so to be known only by their first names. A woman would then adopt her husband's full surname after marriage. With the advent of republicanism in Brazil and Portugal, along with the institution of civil registries, all children now have surnames.", "answer": "known only by their first names", "sentence": "Until the end of the 19th century it was common for women, especially those from a very poor background, not to have a surname and so to be known only by their first names .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Until the end of the 19th century it was common for women, especially those from a very poor background, not to have a surname and so to be known only by their first names . <hl> A woman would then adopt her husband's full surname after marriage. With the advent of republicanism in Brazil and Portugal, along with the institution of civil registries, all children now have surnames.", "paragraph_answer": "Until the end of the 19th century it was common for women, especially those from a very poor background, not to have a surname and so to be <hl> known only by their first names <hl>. A woman would then adopt her husband's full surname after marriage. With the advent of republicanism in Brazil and Portugal, along with the institution of civil registries, all children now have surnames.", "sentence_answer": "Until the end of the 19th century it was common for women, especially those from a very poor background, not to have a surname and so to be <hl> known only by their first names <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef512b22cd4dfcfbe5f5"}
{"question": "From which defeated army did the Partisans acquire their first small arms?", "paragraph": "The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated Royal Yugoslav Army, like the M24 Mauser rifle. Throughout the war the Partisans used any weapons they could find, mostly weapons captured from the Germans, Italians, Army of the NDH, Usta\u0161e and the Chetniks, such as the Karabiner 98k rifle, MP 40 submachine gun, MG 34 machine gun, Carcano rifles and carbines and Beretta submachine guns. The other way that the Partisans acquired weapons was from supplies given to them by the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom, including the PPSh-41 and the Sten MKII submachine guns respectively. Additionally, Partisan workshops created their own weapons modelled on factory-made weapons already in use, including the so-called \"Partisan rifle\" and the anti-tank \"Partisan mortar\".", "answer": "Royal Yugoslav Army", "sentence": "The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated Royal Yugoslav Army , like the M24 Mauser rifle.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated Royal Yugoslav Army , like the M24 Mauser rifle. <hl> Throughout the war the Partisans used any weapons they could find, mostly weapons captured from the Germans, Italians, Army of the NDH, Usta\u0161e and the Chetniks, such as the Karabiner 98k rifle, MP 40 submachine gun, MG 34 machine gun, Carcano rifles and carbines and Beretta submachine guns. The other way that the Partisans acquired weapons was from supplies given to them by the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom, including the PPSh-41 and the Sten MKII submachine guns respectively. Additionally, Partisan workshops created their own weapons modelled on factory-made weapons already in use, including the so-called \"Partisan rifle\" and the anti-tank \"Partisan mortar\".", "paragraph_answer": "The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated <hl> Royal Yugoslav Army <hl>, like the M24 Mauser rifle. Throughout the war the Partisans used any weapons they could find, mostly weapons captured from the Germans, Italians, Army of the NDH, Usta\u0161e and the Chetniks, such as the Karabiner 98k rifle, MP 40 submachine gun, MG 34 machine gun, Carcano rifles and carbines and Beretta submachine guns. The other way that the Partisans acquired weapons was from supplies given to them by the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom, including the PPSh-41 and the Sten MKII submachine guns respectively. Additionally, Partisan workshops created their own weapons modelled on factory-made weapons already in use, including the so-called \"Partisan rifle\" and the anti-tank \"Partisan mortar\".", "sentence_answer": "The first small arms for the Partisans were acquired from the defeated <hl> Royal Yugoslav Army <hl> , like the M24 Mauser rifle.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723d12b22cd4dfcfbf068"}
{"question": "Who criticized Republicans in The American Conservative?", "paragraph": "However, libertarians and libertarian-leaning conservatives increasingly found fault with what they saw as Republicans' restricting of vital civil liberties while corporate welfare and the national debt hiked considerably under Bush's tenure. For example, Doug Bandow, former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan, criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\". In contrast, some social conservatives expressed dissatisfaction with the party's support for economic policies that they saw as sometimes in conflict with their moral values.", "answer": "Doug Bandow", "sentence": "For example, Doug Bandow , former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan, criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\".", "paragraph_sentence": "However, libertarians and libertarian-leaning conservatives increasingly found fault with what they saw as Republicans' restricting of vital civil liberties while corporate welfare and the national debt hiked considerably under Bush's tenure. <hl> For example, Doug Bandow , former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan, criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\". <hl> In contrast, some social conservatives expressed dissatisfaction with the party's support for economic policies that they saw as sometimes in conflict with their moral values.", "paragraph_answer": "However, libertarians and libertarian-leaning conservatives increasingly found fault with what they saw as Republicans' restricting of vital civil liberties while corporate welfare and the national debt hiked considerably under Bush's tenure. For example, <hl> Doug Bandow <hl>, former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan, criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\". In contrast, some social conservatives expressed dissatisfaction with the party's support for economic policies that they saw as sometimes in conflict with their moral values.", "sentence_answer": "For example, <hl> Doug Bandow <hl> , former Special Assistant to President Ronald Reagan, criticized in The American Conservative how many Republican defenders of Bush thought that opposition to any Bush \"decision is treason\" as well as how many Bush defenders charged \"critics with a lack of patriotism\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67d6f82b22cd4dfcfc02db"}
{"question": "How did the Partisans manage the territory they controlled?", "paragraph": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "answer": "managed via the \"People's committees", "sentence": "These were managed via the \"People's committees \", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. <hl> These were managed via the \"People's committees \", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. <hl> At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were <hl> managed via the \"People's committees <hl>\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "sentence_answer": "These were <hl> managed via the \"People's committees <hl> \", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707f42b22cd4dfcfbeb56"}
{"question": "What year was the Commission of trade founded?", "paragraph": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially,  matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625.  From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "answer": "1625", "sentence": "The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625 .", "paragraph_sentence": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. <hl> The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625 . <hl> From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "paragraph_answer": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in <hl> 1625 <hl>. From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "sentence_answer": "The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in <hl> 1625 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6674e82b22cd4dfcfbdfba"}
{"question": "What is it called when someone is jobless AND they are looking for a job and available to work that job?", "paragraph": "Unemployment can be measured in several ways. A person is unemployed if they are jobless but looking for a job and available for work. People who are neither employed nor unemployed are not in the labor force. For example, as of December 2015, the unemployment rate in the United States was 5.0% or 7.9 million people, while the government's broader U-6 unemployment rate, which includes the part-time underemployed was 9.9% or approximately 16.4 million people. These figures were calculated with a civilian labor force of approximately 157.8 million people, relative to a U.S. population of approximately 323 million people. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) publishes a monthly \"Employment Situation Summary\" with key statistics and commentary.", "answer": "Unemployment", "sentence": "Unemployment can be measured in several ways.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Unemployment can be measured in several ways. <hl> A person is unemployed if they are jobless but looking for a job and available for work. People who are neither employed nor unemployed are not in the labor force. For example, as of December 2015, the unemployment rate in the United States was 5.0% or 7.9 million people, while the government's broader U-6 unemployment rate, which includes the part-time underemployed was 9.9% or approximately 16.4 million people. These figures were calculated with a civilian labor force of approximately 157.8 million people, relative to a U.S. population of approximately 323 million people. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) publishes a monthly \"Employment Situation Summary\" with key statistics and commentary.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Unemployment <hl> can be measured in several ways. A person is unemployed if they are jobless but looking for a job and available for work. People who are neither employed nor unemployed are not in the labor force. For example, as of December 2015, the unemployment rate in the United States was 5.0% or 7.9 million people, while the government's broader U-6 unemployment rate, which includes the part-time underemployed was 9.9% or approximately 16.4 million people. These figures were calculated with a civilian labor force of approximately 157.8 million people, relative to a U.S. population of approximately 323 million people. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) publishes a monthly \"Employment Situation Summary\" with key statistics and commentary.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Unemployment <hl> can be measured in several ways.", "paragraph_id": "5d6709252b22cd4dfcfbeb7a"}
{"question": "Who assisted the Partisans with free allied solider from German POW camps", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "civilians", "sentence": "They were being assisted by local civilians , and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. <hl> They were being assisted by local civilians , and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local <hl> civilians <hl>, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "They were being assisted by local <hl> civilians <hl> , and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67c13e2b22cd4dfcfc0172"}
{"question": "What have people discussed building in order to decrease the possibility of future storm damage?", "paragraph": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "answer": "seawalls and other coastal barriers", "sentence": "The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "paragraph_sentence": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. <hl> The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing seawalls and other coastal barriers around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On October 29 and 30, 2012, Hurricane Sandy caused extensive destruction in the borough, ravaging portions of Lower Manhattan with record-high storm surge from New York Harbor, severe flooding, and high winds, causing power outages for hundreds of thousands of city residents and leading to gasoline shortages and disruption of mass transit systems. The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing <hl> seawalls and other coastal barriers <hl> around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "sentence_answer": "The storm and its profound impacts have prompted the discussion of constructing <hl> seawalls and other coastal barriers <hl> around the shorelines of the borough and the metropolitan area to minimize the risk of destructive consequences from another such event in the future.", "paragraph_id": "5d671b422b22cd4dfcfbef72"}
{"question": "How the restrictions on bound variables to be seen ?", "paragraph": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \n\n\n\n\u2203\nx\n(\nx\n=\ny\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)}\n\n, in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nx\n(\nx\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)}\n\n, which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t  became bound during the substitution. The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z, so that the formula after substitution is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nz\n(\nz\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)}\n\n, which is again logically valid.", "answer": "by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z", "sentence": "The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z , so that the formula after substitution is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nz\n(\nz\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)}\n\n, which is again logically valid.", "paragraph_sentence": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \u2203 x ( x = y ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)} , in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \u2203 x ( x = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)} , which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. <hl> The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z , so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \u2203 x ( x = y ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)} , in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \u2203 x ( x = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)} , which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. The intended replacement can be obtained <hl> by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z <hl>, so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid.", "sentence_answer": "The intended replacement can be obtained <hl> by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z <hl> , so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid.", "paragraph_id": "5d6605192b22cd4dfcfbd5c8"}
{"question": "What was the capital of New Sweden?", "paragraph": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "answer": "Fort Christina", "sentence": "The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina , at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware.", "paragraph_sentence": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. <hl> The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina , at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. <hl> The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "paragraph_answer": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of <hl> Fort Christina <hl>, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "sentence_answer": "The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of <hl> Fort Christina <hl> , at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5f02b22cd4dfcfbd1c4"}
{"question": "What year was President Bill Clinton impeached", "paragraph": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "answer": "1998", "sentence": "However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. <hl> However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. <hl> Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in <hl> 1998 <hl> and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "sentence_answer": "However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in <hl> 1998 <hl> and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned.", "paragraph_id": "5d6746fb2b22cd4dfcfbf4cb"}
{"question": "Where do combined names originate?", "paragraph": "Combined names come from old traditional families and are considered one last name, but are rare.  Although Argentina is a Spanish-speaking country, it is also composed of other varied European influences, such as Italian, French, Russian, German, etc.", "answer": "old traditional families", "sentence": "Combined names come from old traditional families and are considered one last name, but are rare.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Combined names come from old traditional families and are considered one last name, but are rare. <hl> Although Argentina is a Spanish-speaking country, it is also composed of other varied European influences, such as Italian, French, Russian, German, etc.", "paragraph_answer": "Combined names come from <hl> old traditional families <hl> and are considered one last name, but are rare. Although Argentina is a Spanish-speaking country, it is also composed of other varied European influences, such as Italian, French, Russian, German, etc.", "sentence_answer": "Combined names come from <hl> old traditional families <hl> and are considered one last name, but are rare.", "paragraph_id": "5d6759ea2b22cd4dfcfbf7f8"}
{"question": "Nationalism is part of ingroup/outgroup according to whom?", "paragraph": "Some observers hold that individuals apply distinct sets of moral rules to people depending on their membership of an \"in-group\" (the individual and those they believe to be of the same culture or race) or an \"out-group\" (people not entitled to be treated according to the same rules). Some biologists, anthropologists and evolutionary psychologists believe this in-group/out-group discrimination has evolved because it enhances group survival. This belief has been confirmed by simple computational models of evolution. In simulations this discrimination can result in both unexpected cooperation towards the in-group and irrational hostility towards the out-group. Gary R. Johnson and V.S. Falger have argued that nationalism and patriotism are forms of this in-group/out-group boundary. Jonathan Haidt has noted that experimental observation indicating an in-group criterion provides one moral foundation substantially used by conservatives, but far less so by liberals.", "answer": "Gary R. Johnson and V.S. Falger", "sentence": "Gary R. Johnson and V.S. Falger have argued that nationalism and patriotism are forms of this in-group/out-group boundary.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some observers hold that individuals apply distinct sets of moral rules to people depending on their membership of an \"in-group\" (the individual and those they believe to be of the same culture or race) or an \"out-group\" (people not entitled to be treated according to the same rules). Some biologists, anthropologists and evolutionary psychologists believe this in-group/out-group discrimination has evolved because it enhances group survival. This belief has been confirmed by simple computational models of evolution. In simulations this discrimination can result in both unexpected cooperation towards the in-group and irrational hostility towards the out-group. <hl> Gary R. Johnson and V.S. Falger have argued that nationalism and patriotism are forms of this in-group/out-group boundary. <hl> Jonathan Haidt has noted that experimental observation indicating an in-group criterion provides one moral foundation substantially used by conservatives, but far less so by liberals.", "paragraph_answer": "Some observers hold that individuals apply distinct sets of moral rules to people depending on their membership of an \"in-group\" (the individual and those they believe to be of the same culture or race) or an \"out-group\" (people not entitled to be treated according to the same rules). Some biologists, anthropologists and evolutionary psychologists believe this in-group/out-group discrimination has evolved because it enhances group survival. This belief has been confirmed by simple computational models of evolution. In simulations this discrimination can result in both unexpected cooperation towards the in-group and irrational hostility towards the out-group. <hl> Gary R. Johnson and V.S. Falger <hl> have argued that nationalism and patriotism are forms of this in-group/out-group boundary. Jonathan Haidt has noted that experimental observation indicating an in-group criterion provides one moral foundation substantially used by conservatives, but far less so by liberals.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Gary R. Johnson and V.S. Falger <hl> have argued that nationalism and patriotism are forms of this in-group/out-group boundary.", "paragraph_id": "5d6704c72b22cd4dfcfbeab6"}
{"question": "What does a the title \"Best Neighbor\" mean when a university is given the title?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "answer": "for positive impact on its urban community", "sentence": "In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community , including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. <hl> In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community , including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. <hl> Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" <hl> for positive impact on its urban community <hl>, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "sentence_answer": "In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" <hl> for positive impact on its urban community <hl> , including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking.", "paragraph_id": "5d67412f2b22cd4dfcfbf40d"}
{"question": "Who repressed opposition political parties?", "paragraph": "The entrenchment of Bolshevik power began in 1918 with the expulsion of Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries from the workers' soviets. The Bolshevik government established the Cheka, a secret police force dedicated to confronting anti-Bolshevik elements. The Cheka was the predecessor to the NKVD and the KGB. Initially, opposition to the Bolshevik regime was strong as a response to Russia's poor economic conditions, with the Cheka reporting no less than 118 uprisings, including the Kronstadt Revolt. Lenin repressed opposition political parties. Intense political struggle continued until 1922.", "answer": "Lenin", "sentence": "Lenin repressed opposition political parties.", "paragraph_sentence": "The entrenchment of Bolshevik power began in 1918 with the expulsion of Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries from the workers' soviets. The Bolshevik government established the Cheka, a secret police force dedicated to confronting anti-Bolshevik elements. The Cheka was the predecessor to the NKVD and the KGB. Initially, opposition to the Bolshevik regime was strong as a response to Russia's poor economic conditions, with the Cheka reporting no less than 118 uprisings, including the Kronstadt Revolt. <hl> Lenin repressed opposition political parties. <hl> Intense political struggle continued until 1922.", "paragraph_answer": "The entrenchment of Bolshevik power began in 1918 with the expulsion of Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries from the workers' soviets. The Bolshevik government established the Cheka, a secret police force dedicated to confronting anti-Bolshevik elements. The Cheka was the predecessor to the NKVD and the KGB. Initially, opposition to the Bolshevik regime was strong as a response to Russia's poor economic conditions, with the Cheka reporting no less than 118 uprisings, including the Kronstadt Revolt. <hl> Lenin <hl> repressed opposition political parties. Intense political struggle continued until 1922.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Lenin <hl> repressed opposition political parties.", "paragraph_id": "5d6818ba2b22cd4dfcfc05b2"}
{"question": "How much of the House of Representatives would face re-election in the event of a double dissolution?", "paragraph": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it, or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. After a double dissolution election, if the bills in question are reintroduced, and if they again fail to pass the Senate, the Governor-General may agree to a joint sitting of the two houses in an attempt to pass the bills. Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974.", "answer": "the entirety", "sentence": "In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case.", "paragraph_sentence": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it, or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. <hl> In such an event, the entirety of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. <hl> After a double dissolution election, if the bills in question are reintroduced, and if they again fail to pass the Senate, the Governor-General may agree to a joint sitting of the two houses in an attempt to pass the bills. Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974.", "paragraph_answer": "If the Senate twice in a three-month period refuses to pass the same piece of legislation that was initiated in the lower house, the government may either abandon the bill or continue to revise it, or, in certain circumstances outlined in section 57 of the Constitution, the Prime Minister can advise the Governor-General to dissolve the entire parliament in a double dissolution. In such an event, <hl> the entirety <hl> of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case. After a double dissolution election, if the bills in question are reintroduced, and if they again fail to pass the Senate, the Governor-General may agree to a joint sitting of the two houses in an attempt to pass the bills. Such a sitting has only occurred once, in 1974.", "sentence_answer": "In such an event, <hl> the entirety <hl> of the Senate faces re-election, as does the House of Representatives, rather than only about half the chamber as is normally the case.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d3d02b22cd4dfcfbce2f"}
{"question": "In what year did Texas legislate a specific color to be used in their flag?", "paragraph": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1)  the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2)  defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "answer": "In 2001", "sentence": "In 2001 , the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1)  the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2)  defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. <hl> In 2001 , the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. <hl> In 2001 <hl>, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In 2001 <hl> , the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6676092b22cd4dfcfbdfeb"}
{"question": "The Monastery of Stoudios was converted into what?", "paragraph": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "answer": "the Imrahor Mosque", "sentence": "The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque ), which was built in 454.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. <hl> The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into the Imrahor Mosque ), which was built in 454. <hl> After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "paragraph_answer": "Early Byzantine architecture followed the classical Roman model of domes and arches, but improved upon these elements, as in the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus. The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into <hl> the Imrahor Mosque <hl>), which was built in 454. After the recapture of Constantinople in 1261, the Byzantines enlarged two of the most important churches extant, Chora Church and Pammakaristos Church. The pinnacle of Byzantine architecture, and one of Istanbul's most iconic structures, is the Hagia Sophia. Topped by a dome 31 meters (102 ft) in diameter, the Hagia Sophia stood as the world's largest cathedral for centuries, and was later converted into a mosque and, as it stands now, a museum.", "sentence_answer": "The oldest surviving Byzantine church in Istanbul\u2014albeit in ruins\u2014is the Monastery of Stoudios (later converted into <hl> the Imrahor Mosque <hl> ), which was built in 454.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5a62b22cd4dfcfbd1af"}
{"question": "What was formed during the Spanish Inquisition?", "paragraph": "The largest ethnic minority in Istanbul is the Kurdish community, originating from eastern and southeastern Turkey. Although the Kurdish presence in the city dates back to the early Ottoman period, the influx of Kurds into the city has accelerated since the beginning of the Kurdish\u2013Turkish conflict with the Kurdistan Workers' Party (i.e. since the late 1970s). About two to three million residents of Istanbul are Kurdish, meaning there are more Kurds in Istanbul than in any other city in the world. There are other significant ethnic minorities as well, the Bosniaks are the main people of an entire district \u2013 Bayrampa\u015fa. The neighborhood of Balat used to be home to a sizable Sephardi Jewish community, first formed during the period of the Spanish Inquisition. Romaniotes and Ashkenazi Jews resided in Istanbul even before the Sephardim, but their proportion has since dwindled; today, 1 percent of Istanbul's Jews are Ashkenazi. In large part due to emigration to Israel, the Jewish population nationwide dropped from 100,000 in 1950 to 18,000 in 2005, with the majority of them living in either Istanbul or \u0130zmir. Levantines, Latin Christians who settled in Galata during the Ottoman period, played a seminal role in shaping the culture and architecture of Istanbul during the 19th and early 20th centuries; their population has dwindled, but they remain in the city in small numbers. From the increase in mutual cooperation between Turkey and several African States like Somalia and Djibouti, several young students and workers have been migrating to Istanbul in search of better education and employment opportunities. There is also a small Nigerian, Congolese and Cameroonian and North African community present.", "answer": "The neighborhood of Balat", "sentence": "The neighborhood of Balat used to be home to a sizable Sephardi Jewish community, first formed during the period of the Spanish Inquisition.", "paragraph_sentence": "The largest ethnic minority in Istanbul is the Kurdish community, originating from eastern and southeastern Turkey. Although the Kurdish presence in the city dates back to the early Ottoman period, the influx of Kurds into the city has accelerated since the beginning of the Kurdish\u2013Turkish conflict with the Kurdistan Workers' Party (i.e. since the late 1970s). About two to three million residents of Istanbul are Kurdish, meaning there are more Kurds in Istanbul than in any other city in the world. There are other significant ethnic minorities as well, the Bosniaks are the main people of an entire district \u2013 Bayrampa\u015fa. <hl> The neighborhood of Balat used to be home to a sizable Sephardi Jewish community, first formed during the period of the Spanish Inquisition. <hl> Romaniotes and Ashkenazi Jews resided in Istanbul even before the Sephardim, but their proportion has since dwindled; today, 1 percent of Istanbul's Jews are Ashkenazi. In large part due to emigration to Israel, the Jewish population nationwide dropped from 100,000 in 1950 to 18,000 in 2005, with the majority of them living in either Istanbul or \u0130zmir. Levantines, Latin Christians who settled in Galata during the Ottoman period, played a seminal role in shaping the culture and architecture of Istanbul during the 19th and early 20th centuries; their population has dwindled, but they remain in the city in small numbers. From the increase in mutual cooperation between Turkey and several African States like Somalia and Djibouti, several young students and workers have been migrating to Istanbul in search of better education and employment opportunities. There is also a small Nigerian, Congolese and Cameroonian and North African community present.", "paragraph_answer": "The largest ethnic minority in Istanbul is the Kurdish community, originating from eastern and southeastern Turkey. Although the Kurdish presence in the city dates back to the early Ottoman period, the influx of Kurds into the city has accelerated since the beginning of the Kurdish\u2013Turkish conflict with the Kurdistan Workers' Party (i.e. since the late 1970s). About two to three million residents of Istanbul are Kurdish, meaning there are more Kurds in Istanbul than in any other city in the world. There are other significant ethnic minorities as well, the Bosniaks are the main people of an entire district \u2013 Bayrampa\u015fa. <hl> The neighborhood of Balat <hl> used to be home to a sizable Sephardi Jewish community, first formed during the period of the Spanish Inquisition. Romaniotes and Ashkenazi Jews resided in Istanbul even before the Sephardim, but their proportion has since dwindled; today, 1 percent of Istanbul's Jews are Ashkenazi. In large part due to emigration to Israel, the Jewish population nationwide dropped from 100,000 in 1950 to 18,000 in 2005, with the majority of them living in either Istanbul or \u0130zmir. Levantines, Latin Christians who settled in Galata during the Ottoman period, played a seminal role in shaping the culture and architecture of Istanbul during the 19th and early 20th centuries; their population has dwindled, but they remain in the city in small numbers. From the increase in mutual cooperation between Turkey and several African States like Somalia and Djibouti, several young students and workers have been migrating to Istanbul in search of better education and employment opportunities. There is also a small Nigerian, Congolese and Cameroonian and North African community present.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The neighborhood of Balat <hl> used to be home to a sizable Sephardi Jewish community, first formed during the period of the Spanish Inquisition.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2502b22cd4dfcfbe6e5"}
{"question": "What kind of sittings commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives?", "paragraph": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into 'sitting fortnights' of two four-day weeks. These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "answer": "winter", "sentence": "the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into 'sitting fortnights' of two four-day weeks. These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; <hl> the winter sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Australian Senate typically sits for 50 to 60 days a year.[a] Most of those days are grouped into 'sitting fortnights' of two four-day weeks. These are in turn arranged in three periods: the autumn sittings, from February to April; the <hl> winter <hl> sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "sentence_answer": "the <hl> winter <hl> sittings, which commence with the delivery of the budget in the House of Representatives on the first sitting day of May and run through to June or July; and the spring sittings, which commence around August and continue until December, and which typically contain the largest number of the year's sitting days.", "paragraph_id": "5d66d9f02b22cd4dfcfbe4d3"}
{"question": "A multi-storey office building can be described as simple in what way?", "paragraph": "The architect is usually the lead designer on buildings, with a structural engineer employed as a sub-consultant. The degree to which each discipline actually leads the design depends heavily on the type of structure. Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "answer": "structurally", "sentence": "Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "paragraph_sentence": "The architect is usually the lead designer on buildings, with a structural engineer employed as a sub-consultant. The degree to which each discipline actually leads the design depends heavily on the type of structure. <hl> Many structures are structurally simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The architect is usually the lead designer on buildings, with a structural engineer employed as a sub-consultant. The degree to which each discipline actually leads the design depends heavily on the type of structure. Many structures are <hl> structurally <hl> simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "sentence_answer": "Many structures are <hl> structurally <hl> simple and led by architecture, such as multi-storey office buildings and housing, while other structures, such as tensile structures, shells and gridshells are heavily dependent on their form for their strength, and the engineer may have a more significant influence on the form, and hence much of the aesthetic, than the architect.", "paragraph_id": "5d67591a2b22cd4dfcfbf7d4"}
{"question": "For what reason did the journalists go on strike once production resumed?", "paragraph": "Although journalists at The Times had been on full pay during the suspension, they went on strike demanding more money after production was resumed. Kenneth Thomson, the head of the company, felt betrayed and decided to sell. Evans tried to organise a management buyout of The Sunday Times, but Thomson decided instead to sell to Rupert Murdoch, who he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions.", "answer": "more money", "sentence": "Although journalists at The Times had been on full pay during the suspension, they went on strike demanding more money after production was resumed.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Although journalists at The Times had been on full pay during the suspension, they went on strike demanding more money after production was resumed. <hl> Kenneth Thomson, the head of the company, felt betrayed and decided to sell. Evans tried to organise a management buyout of The Sunday Times, but Thomson decided instead to sell to Rupert Murdoch, who he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions.", "paragraph_answer": "Although journalists at The Times had been on full pay during the suspension, they went on strike demanding <hl> more money <hl> after production was resumed. Kenneth Thomson, the head of the company, felt betrayed and decided to sell. Evans tried to organise a management buyout of The Sunday Times, but Thomson decided instead to sell to Rupert Murdoch, who he thought had a better chance of dealing with the trade unions.", "sentence_answer": "Although journalists at The Times had been on full pay during the suspension, they went on strike demanding <hl> more money <hl> after production was resumed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6775442b22cd4dfcfbfc95"}
{"question": "What forms in clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei (Like dust/dirt)?", "paragraph": "Like other precipitation, hail forms in storm clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei, such as dust or dirt.  The storm's updraft blows the hailstones to the upper part of the cloud.  The updraft dissipates and the hailstones fall down, back into the updraft, and are lifted again.  Hail has a diameter of 5 millimetres (0.20 in) or more.  Within METAR code, GR is used to indicate larger hail, of a diameter of at least 6.4 millimetres (0.25 in).  GR is derived from the French word gr\u00eale.  Smaller-sized hail, as well as snow pellets, use the coding of GS, which is short for the French word gr\u00e9sil.  Stones just larger than golf ball-sized are one of the most frequently reported hail sizes.  Hailstones can grow to 15 centimetres (6 in) and weigh more than 500 grams (1 lb).  In large hailstones, latent heat released by further freezing may melt the outer shell of the hailstone.  The hailstone then may undergo 'wet growth', where the liquid outer shell collects other smaller hailstones.  The hailstone gains an ice layer and grows increasingly larger with each ascent. Once a hailstone becomes too heavy to be supported by the storm's updraft, it falls from the cloud.", "answer": "hail", "sentence": "Like other precipitation, hail forms in storm clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei, such as dust or dirt.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Like other precipitation, hail forms in storm clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei, such as dust or dirt. <hl> The storm's updraft blows the hailstones to the upper part of the cloud. The updraft dissipates and the hailstones fall down, back into the updraft, and are lifted again. Hail has a diameter of 5 millimetres (0.20 in) or more. Within METAR code, GR is used to indicate larger hail, of a diameter of at least 6.4 millimetres (0.25 in). GR is derived from the French word gr\u00eale. Smaller-sized hail, as well as snow pellets, use the coding of GS, which is short for the French word gr\u00e9sil. Stones just larger than golf ball-sized are one of the most frequently reported hail sizes. Hailstones can grow to 15 centimetres (6 in) and weigh more than 500 grams (1 lb). In large hailstones, latent heat released by further freezing may melt the outer shell of the hailstone. The hailstone then may undergo 'wet growth', where the liquid outer shell collects other smaller hailstones. The hailstone gains an ice layer and grows increasingly larger with each ascent. Once a hailstone becomes too heavy to be supported by the storm's updraft, it falls from the cloud.", "paragraph_answer": "Like other precipitation, <hl> hail <hl> forms in storm clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei, such as dust or dirt. The storm's updraft blows the hailstones to the upper part of the cloud. The updraft dissipates and the hailstones fall down, back into the updraft, and are lifted again. Hail has a diameter of 5 millimetres (0.20 in) or more. Within METAR code, GR is used to indicate larger hail, of a diameter of at least 6.4 millimetres (0.25 in). GR is derived from the French word gr\u00eale. Smaller-sized hail, as well as snow pellets, use the coding of GS, which is short for the French word gr\u00e9sil. Stones just larger than golf ball-sized are one of the most frequently reported hail sizes. Hailstones can grow to 15 centimetres (6 in) and weigh more than 500 grams (1 lb). In large hailstones, latent heat released by further freezing may melt the outer shell of the hailstone. The hailstone then may undergo 'wet growth', where the liquid outer shell collects other smaller hailstones. The hailstone gains an ice layer and grows increasingly larger with each ascent. Once a hailstone becomes too heavy to be supported by the storm's updraft, it falls from the cloud.", "sentence_answer": "Like other precipitation, <hl> hail <hl> forms in storm clouds when supercooled water droplets freeze on contact with condensation nuclei, such as dust or dirt.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d3c32b22cd4dfcfc02d0"}
{"question": "Who founded Mellon Bank?", "paragraph": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "answer": "Thomas Mellon", "sentence": "It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_sentence": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. <hl> It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the school's 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, and was intended to be the western sister institution to the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. By 1830, WUP had moved into a new three-story, freestone-fronted building, with Ionic columns and a cupola, near its original buildings fronting the south side of Third Street, between Smithfield Street and Cherry Alley in downtown Pittsburgh. By the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislature's desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university, but it persevered despite its abandonment by the city and state. It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, <hl> Thomas Mellon <hl> (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "sentence_answer": "It was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, <hl> Thomas Mellon <hl> (Class of 1837), graduated and later taught at WUP.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc6f2b22cd4dfcfbe907"}
{"question": "What is the average salinity of ocean water?", "paragraph": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5%), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). The open surface waters of the central basin have salinity of 0.5% to 0.8%, which makes the basin border-line or, nearly Freshwater. Drinking the water as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of dehydrating, like that of ocean water. At the semi-enclosed bays with major freshwater inflows, such as head of Finnish Gulf with Neva mouth and head of Bothnian gulf with close mouths of Lule, Tornio and Kemi, the salinity is considerably lower. Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between 1.0% and 1.5% in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "answer": "3.5%", "sentence": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5% ), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages 3.5% ), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). <hl> The open surface waters of the central basin have salinity of 0.5% to 0.8%, which makes the basin border-line or, nearly Freshwater. Drinking the water as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of dehydrating, like that of ocean water. At the semi-enclosed bays with major freshwater inflows, such as head of Finnish Gulf with Neva mouth and head of Bothnian gulf with close mouths of Lule, Tornio and Kemi, the salinity is considerably lower. Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between 1.0% and 1.5% in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "paragraph_answer": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages <hl> 3.5% <hl>), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi). The open surface waters of the central basin have salinity of 0.5% to 0.8%, which makes the basin border-line or, nearly Freshwater. Drinking the water as a means of survival would actually hydrate the body instead of dehydrating, like that of ocean water. At the semi-enclosed bays with major freshwater inflows, such as head of Finnish Gulf with Neva mouth and head of Bothnian gulf with close mouths of Lule, Tornio and Kemi, the salinity is considerably lower. Below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft), the salinity is between 1.0% and 1.5% in the open Baltic Sea, and more than this near Danish Straits, but this is still less than half that of ocean water.", "sentence_answer": "The Baltic Sea's salinity is much lower than that of ocean water (which averages <hl> 3.5% <hl> ), as a result of abundant freshwater runoff from the surrounding land, combined with the shallowness of the sea itself; indeed, runoff contributes roughly one-fortieth its total volume per year, as the volume of the basin is about 21,000 km3 (5,000 cu mi) and yearly runoff is about 500 km3 (120 cu mi).", "paragraph_id": "5d661a572b22cd4dfcfbd8c0"}
{"question": "Land from what other states did Connecticut claim?", "paragraph": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land\nextending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "answer": "Pennsylvania and New York", "sentence": "Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. <hl> Agreements with Pennsylvania and New York extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. <hl> Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1786, Connecticut ceded territory to the U.S. government that became part of the Northwest Territory. Connecticut retained land extending across the northern part of present-day Ohio, called the Connecticut Western Reserve. The Western Reserve section was settled largely by people from Connecticut, and they brought Connecticut place names to Ohio. Agreements with <hl> Pennsylvania and New York <hl> extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle. Connecticut ceded the Western Reserve in 1800 to the federal government, which brought the state to its present boundaries other than minor adjustments with Massachusetts.", "sentence_answer": "Agreements with <hl> Pennsylvania and New York <hl> extinguished the land claims by Connecticut within its neighbors, creating the Connecticut Panhandle.", "paragraph_id": "5d6782f22b22cd4dfcfbfdc0"}
{"question": "How many murders did Manhattan record in the year 1990?", "paragraph": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s.  Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "answer": "503", "sentence": "A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008.", "paragraph_sentence": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s. Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. <hl> A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. <hl> Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s. Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. A borough that saw <hl> 503 <hl> murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "A borough that saw <hl> 503 <hl> murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b762b22cd4dfcfbf360"}
{"question": "How did Africans take part in the slave trade?", "paragraph": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "answer": "selling their captives or prisoners of war", "sentence": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. <hl> The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, <hl> selling their captives or prisoners of war <hl> to European buyers. The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, <hl> selling their captives or prisoners of war <hl> to European buyers.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8882b22cd4dfcfbd490"}
{"question": "What important colony did France lose to a slave revolt in 1791?", "paragraph": "By far the most financially profitable West Indian colonies in 1800 belonged to the United Kingdom. After entering the sugar colony business late, British naval supremacy and control over key islands such as Jamaica, Trinidad, the Leeward Islands and Barbados and the territory of British Guiana gave it an important edge over all competitors; while many British did not make gains, a handful of individuals made small fortunes. This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, St. Domingue (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty. Before 1791, British sugar had to be protected to compete against cheaper French sugar.", "answer": "St. Domingue", "sentence": "This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, St. Domingue (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty.", "paragraph_sentence": "By far the most financially profitable West Indian colonies in 1800 belonged to the United Kingdom. After entering the sugar colony business late, British naval supremacy and control over key islands such as Jamaica, Trinidad, the Leeward Islands and Barbados and the territory of British Guiana gave it an important edge over all competitors; while many British did not make gains, a handful of individuals made small fortunes. <hl> This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, St. Domingue (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty. <hl> Before 1791, British sugar had to be protected to compete against cheaper French sugar.", "paragraph_answer": "By far the most financially profitable West Indian colonies in 1800 belonged to the United Kingdom. After entering the sugar colony business late, British naval supremacy and control over key islands such as Jamaica, Trinidad, the Leeward Islands and Barbados and the territory of British Guiana gave it an important edge over all competitors; while many British did not make gains, a handful of individuals made small fortunes. This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, <hl> St. Domingue <hl> (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty. Before 1791, British sugar had to be protected to compete against cheaper French sugar.", "sentence_answer": "This advantage was reinforced when France lost its most important colony, <hl> St. Domingue <hl> (western Hispaniola, now Haiti), to a slave revolt in 1791 and supported revolts against its rival Britain, after the 1793 French revolution in the name of liberty.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667332b22cd4dfcfbde04"}
{"question": "What percentage of those homeless were employed?", "paragraph": "There were about 643,000 sheltered and unsheltered homeless persons nationwide in January 2009. About two-thirds of those stayed in emergency shelters or used transitional housing programs, with the remaining living on the street in abandoned buildings or other areas not meant for human habitation. About 1.56 million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009. Around 44% of homeless people were employed.", "answer": "44%", "sentence": "Around 44% of homeless people were employed.", "paragraph_sentence": "There were about 643,000 sheltered and unsheltered homeless persons nationwide in January 2009. About two-thirds of those stayed in emergency shelters or used transitional housing programs, with the remaining living on the street in abandoned buildings or other areas not meant for human habitation. About 1.56 million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009. <hl> Around 44% of homeless people were employed. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There were about 643,000 sheltered and unsheltered homeless persons nationwide in January 2009. About two-thirds of those stayed in emergency shelters or used transitional housing programs, with the remaining living on the street in abandoned buildings or other areas not meant for human habitation. About 1.56 million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009. Around <hl> 44% <hl> of homeless people were employed.", "sentence_answer": "Around <hl> 44% <hl> of homeless people were employed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607a22b22cd4dfcfbd629"}
{"question": "What was in high demand in the Irish linen industry?", "paragraph": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "answer": "flax", "sentence": "Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies.", "paragraph_sentence": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. <hl> Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. <hl> Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "paragraph_answer": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of <hl> flax <hl> seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "sentence_answer": "Farmers also expanded their production of <hl> flax <hl> seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609292b22cd4dfcfbd66a"}
{"question": "Has neuroscience broadened or narrowed?", "paragraph": "The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system. The techniques used by neuroscientists have also expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual nerve cells to imaging of sensory and motor tasks in the brain. Recent theoretical advances in neuroscience have also been aided by the study of neural networks.", "answer": "broadened to include different approaches", "sentence": "The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system. <hl> The techniques used by neuroscientists have also expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual nerve cells to imaging of sensory and motor tasks in the brain. Recent theoretical advances in neuroscience have also been aided by the study of neural networks.", "paragraph_answer": "The scope of neuroscience has <hl> broadened to include different approaches <hl> used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system. The techniques used by neuroscientists have also expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual nerve cells to imaging of sensory and motor tasks in the brain. Recent theoretical advances in neuroscience have also been aided by the study of neural networks.", "sentence_answer": "The scope of neuroscience has <hl> broadened to include different approaches <hl> used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system.", "paragraph_id": "5d67aabc2b22cd4dfcfbff72"}
{"question": "What part of the beam must be created in a way so as to not buckle or be crushed?", "paragraph": "Beams are elements which carry pure bending only. Bending causes one part of the section of a beam (divided along its length) to go into compression and the other part into tension. The compression part must be designed to resist buckling and crushing, while the tension part must be able to adequately resist the tension.", "answer": "compression part", "sentence": "The compression part must be designed to resist buckling and crushing, while the tension part must be able to adequately resist the tension.", "paragraph_sentence": "Beams are elements which carry pure bending only. Bending causes one part of the section of a beam (divided along its length) to go into compression and the other part into tension. <hl> The compression part must be designed to resist buckling and crushing, while the tension part must be able to adequately resist the tension. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Beams are elements which carry pure bending only. Bending causes one part of the section of a beam (divided along its length) to go into compression and the other part into tension. The <hl> compression part <hl> must be designed to resist buckling and crushing, while the tension part must be able to adequately resist the tension.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> compression part <hl> must be designed to resist buckling and crushing, while the tension part must be able to adequately resist the tension.", "paragraph_id": "5d68220a2b22cd4dfcfc05ec"}
{"question": "Who refers matters that need to be dealt with to the committees in the Senate?", "paragraph": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined. These are known as estimates hearings. Traditionally dominated by scrutiny of government activities by non-government senators, they provide the opportunity for all senators to ask questions of ministers and public officials. This may occasionally include government senators examining activities of independent publicly funded bodies, or pursuing issues arising from previous governments' terms of office. There is however a convention that senators do not have access to the files and records of previous governments when there has been an election resulting in a change in the party in government.", "answer": "committees", "sentence": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of committees which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. <hl> These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined. These are known as estimates hearings. Traditionally dominated by scrutiny of government activities by non-government senators, they provide the opportunity for all senators to ask questions of ministers and public officials. This may occasionally include government senators examining activities of independent publicly funded bodies, or pursuing issues arising from previous governments' terms of office. There is however a convention that senators do not have access to the files and records of previous governments when there has been an election resulting in a change in the party in government.", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of <hl> committees <hl> which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate. These committees also conduct hearings three times a year in which the government's budget and operations are examined. These are known as estimates hearings. Traditionally dominated by scrutiny of government activities by non-government senators, they provide the opportunity for all senators to ask questions of ministers and public officials. This may occasionally include government senators examining activities of independent publicly funded bodies, or pursuing issues arising from previous governments' terms of office. There is however a convention that senators do not have access to the files and records of previous governments when there has been an election resulting in a change in the party in government.", "sentence_answer": "In addition to the work of the main chamber, the Senate also has a large number of <hl> committees <hl> which deal with matters referred to them by the Senate.", "paragraph_id": "5d66de342b22cd4dfcfbe4e8"}
{"question": "How many votes were for the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade?", "paragraph": "On Sunday, 28 October 1787, William Wilberforce wrote in his diary: \"God Almighty has set before me two great objects, the suppression of the slave trade and the Reformation of society.\" For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire. On 22 February 1807, twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against, the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s. In 1805 the British Order-in-Council had restricted the importation of slaves into colonies that had been captured from France and the Netherlands. Britain continued to press other nations to end its trade; in 1810 an Anglo-Portuguese treaty was signed whereby Portugal agreed to restrict its trade into its colonies; an 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty whereby Sweden outlawed its slave trade; the Treaty of Paris 1814 where France agreed with Britain that the trade is \"repugnant to the principles of natural justice\" and agreed to abolish the slave trade in five years; the 1814 Anglo-Netherlands treaty where the Dutch outlawed its slave trade.", "answer": "an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against", "sentence": "By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against , the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons.", "paragraph_sentence": "On Sunday, 28 October 1787, William Wilberforce wrote in his diary: \"God Almighty has set before me two great objects, the suppression of the slave trade and the Reformation of society.\" For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire. On 22 February 1807, twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. <hl> By an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against , the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. <hl> The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s. In 1805 the British Order-in-Council had restricted the importation of slaves into colonies that had been captured from France and the Netherlands. Britain continued to press other nations to end its trade; in 1810 an Anglo-Portuguese treaty was signed whereby Portugal agreed to restrict its trade into its colonies; an 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty whereby Sweden outlawed its slave trade; the Treaty of Paris 1814 where France agreed with Britain that the trade is \"repugnant to the principles of natural justice\" and agreed to abolish the slave trade in five years; the 1814 Anglo-Netherlands treaty where the Dutch outlawed its slave trade.", "paragraph_answer": "On Sunday, 28 October 1787, William Wilberforce wrote in his diary: \"God Almighty has set before me two great objects, the suppression of the slave trade and the Reformation of society.\" For the rest of his life, William Wilberforce dedicated his life as a Member of the British Parliament to opposing the slave trade and working for the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire. On 22 February 1807, twenty years after he first began his crusade, and in the middle of Britain's war with France, Wilberforce and his team's labours were rewarded with victory. By <hl> an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against <hl>, the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons. The United States acted to abolish the slave trade the same year, but not its internal slave trade which became the dominant character in American slavery until the 1860s. In 1805 the British Order-in-Council had restricted the importation of slaves into colonies that had been captured from France and the Netherlands. Britain continued to press other nations to end its trade; in 1810 an Anglo-Portuguese treaty was signed whereby Portugal agreed to restrict its trade into its colonies; an 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty whereby Sweden outlawed its slave trade; the Treaty of Paris 1814 where France agreed with Britain that the trade is \"repugnant to the principles of natural justice\" and agreed to abolish the slave trade in five years; the 1814 Anglo-Netherlands treaty where the Dutch outlawed its slave trade.", "sentence_answer": "By <hl> an overwhelming 283 votes for to 16 against <hl> , the motion to abolish the Atlantic slave trade was carried in the House of Commons.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f0472b22cd4dfcfbd339"}
{"question": "How many Marshall scholarships has Pitt won since 1995?", "paragraph": "Pitt students and faculty have regularly won national and international scholarships and fellowship awards, including four Rhodes Scholarships since 2006. In 2007, in addition to the three national military academies, Pitt was one of only nine universities, and the only public university, to claim both Rhodes and Marshall Scholars. Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships.", "answer": "six", "sentence": "Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships.", "paragraph_sentence": "Pitt students and faculty have regularly won national and international scholarships and fellowship awards, including four Rhodes Scholarships since 2006. In 2007, in addition to the three national military academies, Pitt was one of only nine universities, and the only public university, to claim both Rhodes and Marshall Scholars. <hl> Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt students and faculty have regularly won national and international scholarships and fellowship awards, including four Rhodes Scholarships since 2006. In 2007, in addition to the three national military academies, Pitt was one of only nine universities, and the only public university, to claim both Rhodes and Marshall Scholars. Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won <hl> six <hl> Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships.", "sentence_answer": "Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won <hl> six <hl> Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c34b2b22cd4dfcfc0184"}
{"question": "The Pittsburgh campus historic buildings are part of what district?", "paragraph": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "answer": "Schenley Farms Historic District", "sentence": "The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District , most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_sentence": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. <hl> The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District , most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. <hl> The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "paragraph_answer": "The university is composed of 17 undergraduate and graduate schools and colleges located at its urban Pittsburgh campus, home to the university's central administration and 28,766 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. The university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania: Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the <hl> Schenley Farms Historic District <hl>, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning. The campus is situated adjacent to the flagship medical facilities of its closely affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), as well as the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, Schenley Park, and Carnegie Mellon University.", "sentence_answer": "The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the <hl> Schenley Farms Historic District <hl> , most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the Cathedral of Learning.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f9772b22cd4dfcfbe8b0"}
{"question": "What did Charles Dickens think of the Five Points neighborhood?", "paragraph": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "answer": "was appalled at the horrendous living conditions", "sentence": "In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen.", "paragraph_sentence": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. <hl> In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. <hl> The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "paragraph_answer": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and <hl> was appalled at the horrendous living conditions <hl> he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "sentence_answer": "In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and <hl> was appalled at the horrendous living conditions <hl> he had seen.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713be2b22cd4dfcfbee2f"}
{"question": "How much money did the bill require?", "paragraph": "President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill. However, neither the House nor the Senate has passed the legislation as of December 2012. President Obama stated in October 2011: \"In the coming days, members of Congress will have to take a stand on whether they believe we should put teachers, construction workers, police officers and firefighters back on the job...They'll get a vote on whether they believe we should protect tax breaks for small business owners and middle-class Americans, or whether we should protect tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires.\"", "answer": "$447 billion", "sentence": "The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill.", "paragraph_sentence": "President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. <hl> The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the $447 billion bill. <hl> However, neither the House nor the Senate has passed the legislation as of December 2012. President Obama stated in October 2011: \"In the coming days, members of Congress will have to take a stand on whether they believe we should put teachers, construction workers, police officers and firefighters back on the job...They'll get a vote on whether they believe we should protect tax breaks for small business owners and middle-class Americans, or whether we should protect tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires.\"", "paragraph_answer": "President Barack Obama proposed the American Jobs Act in September 2011, which included a variety of tax cuts and spending programs to stimulate job creation. The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the <hl> $447 billion <hl> bill. However, neither the House nor the Senate has passed the legislation as of December 2012. President Obama stated in October 2011: \"In the coming days, members of Congress will have to take a stand on whether they believe we should put teachers, construction workers, police officers and firefighters back on the job...They'll get a vote on whether they believe we should protect tax breaks for small business owners and middle-class Americans, or whether we should protect tax breaks for millionaires and billionaires.\"", "sentence_answer": "The White House provided a fact sheet which summarized the key provisions of the <hl> $447 billion <hl> bill.", "paragraph_id": "5d676d7e2b22cd4dfcfbfb31"}
{"question": "why does many homeless students fall behind their peers in school?", "paragraph": "Homelessness has a tremendous effect on a child's education. Education of homeless youth is thought to be essential in breaking the cycle of poverty.[citation needed] The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act mandates equal opportunity to a free public education to homeless students. This act is supposed to break down the barriers homeless students have to receiving an education. These barriers include residency restriction, medical record verification, and transportation issues. Once a student surpasses these barriers, they are still subject to the stigma of being homeless, and the humiliation they feel because of their situation. Some families do not report their homelessness, while others are unaware of the opportunities available to them. Many report that maintaining a stable school environment helps the students because it's the only thing that remains normal. Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school.", "answer": "behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school", "sentence": "Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school .", "paragraph_sentence": "Homelessness has a tremendous effect on a child's education. Education of homeless youth is thought to be essential in breaking the cycle of poverty.[citation needed] The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act mandates equal opportunity to a free public education to homeless students. This act is supposed to break down the barriers homeless students have to receiving an education. These barriers include residency restriction, medical record verification, and transportation issues. Once a student surpasses these barriers, they are still subject to the stigma of being homeless, and the humiliation they feel because of their situation. Some families do not report their homelessness, while others are unaware of the opportunities available to them. Many report that maintaining a stable school environment helps the students because it's the only thing that remains normal. <hl> Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Homelessness has a tremendous effect on a child's education. Education of homeless youth is thought to be essential in breaking the cycle of poverty.[citation needed] The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act mandates equal opportunity to a free public education to homeless students. This act is supposed to break down the barriers homeless students have to receiving an education. These barriers include residency restriction, medical record verification, and transportation issues. Once a student surpasses these barriers, they are still subject to the stigma of being homeless, and the humiliation they feel because of their situation. Some families do not report their homelessness, while others are unaware of the opportunities available to them. Many report that maintaining a stable school environment helps the students because it's the only thing that remains normal. Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to <hl> behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Many homeless students fall behind their peers in school due to <hl> behavioral disorders, and lack of attendance in school <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666ade2b22cd4dfcfbde6c"}
{"question": "Since what year Jungle started to be labelled as Drum and Bass.", "paragraph": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "answer": "1995", "sentence": "By 1995 , whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. <hl> By 1995 , whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By <hl> 1995 <hl>, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "sentence_answer": "By <hl> 1995 <hl> , whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a5e12b22cd4dfcfbe3a6"}
{"question": "What are chemical compounds with tin-carbon bonds?", "paragraph": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "answer": "Organotin compounds", "sentence": "Organotin compounds , sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Organotin compounds , sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. <hl> Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Organotin compounds <hl>, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Organotin compounds <hl> , sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds.", "paragraph_id": "5d676bef2b22cd4dfcfbfae9"}
{"question": "What is required for foreigners to have free education in Tunisia?", "paragraph": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis.  There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years.  The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties.  During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty.  After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "answer": "scholarships", "sentence": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships . <hl> The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis. There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years. The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties. During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty. After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "paragraph_answer": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have <hl> scholarships <hl>. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis. There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years. The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties. During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty. After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "sentence_answer": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have <hl> scholarships <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6658c52b22cd4dfcfbdc6e"}
{"question": "What was the Apple Lisa said to refer to?", "paragraph": "A backronym (or bacronym) is a phrase that is constructed \"after the fact\" from a previously existing word. For example, the novelist and critic Anthony Burgess once proposed that the word \"book\" ought to stand for \"Box Of Organized Knowledge.\" A classic real-world example of this is the name of the predecessor to the Apple Macintosh, The Apple Lisa, which was said to refer to \"Local Integrated Software Architecture\", but was actually named after Steve Jobs' daughter, born in 1978. Another real-world example is the supposed meaning of the GANTT chart, developed by (and named for) Henry Gantt, as the \"Graphical And Narrative Time Table.\"", "answer": "Local Integrated Software Architecture", "sentence": "A classic real-world example of this is the name of the predecessor to the Apple Macintosh, The Apple Lisa, which was said to refer to \" Local Integrated Software Architecture \", but was actually named after Steve Jobs' daughter, born in 1978.", "paragraph_sentence": "A backronym (or bacronym) is a phrase that is constructed \"after the fact\" from a previously existing word. For example, the novelist and critic Anthony Burgess once proposed that the word \"book\" ought to stand for \"Box Of Organized Knowledge.\" <hl> A classic real-world example of this is the name of the predecessor to the Apple Macintosh, The Apple Lisa, which was said to refer to \" Local Integrated Software Architecture \", but was actually named after Steve Jobs' daughter, born in 1978. <hl> Another real-world example is the supposed meaning of the GANTT chart, developed by (and named for) Henry Gantt, as the \"Graphical And Narrative Time Table.\"", "paragraph_answer": "A backronym (or bacronym) is a phrase that is constructed \"after the fact\" from a previously existing word. For example, the novelist and critic Anthony Burgess once proposed that the word \"book\" ought to stand for \"Box Of Organized Knowledge.\" A classic real-world example of this is the name of the predecessor to the Apple Macintosh, The Apple Lisa, which was said to refer to \"<hl> Local Integrated Software Architecture <hl>\", but was actually named after Steve Jobs' daughter, born in 1978. Another real-world example is the supposed meaning of the GANTT chart, developed by (and named for) Henry Gantt, as the \"Graphical And Narrative Time Table.\"", "sentence_answer": "A classic real-world example of this is the name of the predecessor to the Apple Macintosh, The Apple Lisa, which was said to refer to \" <hl> Local Integrated Software Architecture <hl> \", but was actually named after Steve Jobs' daughter, born in 1978.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a5702b22cd4dfcfbcaae"}
{"question": "Which Christian church has the largest number of followers?", "paragraph": "A Pew survey of Connecticut residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations: Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%,  Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. Jewish congregations had 108,280 (3.2%) members in 2000. The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford. According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church, with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "answer": "the Catholic Church", "sentence": "According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church , with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "paragraph_sentence": "A Pew survey of Connecticut residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations: Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. Jewish congregations had 108,280 (3.2%) members in 2000. The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford. <hl> According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church , with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A Pew survey of Connecticut residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations: Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. Jewish congregations had 108,280 (3.2%) members in 2000. The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford. According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: <hl> the Catholic Church <hl>, with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "sentence_answer": "According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: <hl> the Catholic Church <hl> , with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "paragraph_id": "5d6663452b22cd4dfcfbdd5a"}
{"question": "What are examples of common undercut elements?", "paragraph": "High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are \"squashed\" flatter. High-relief thus uses essentially the same style and techniques as free-standing sculpture, and in the case of a single figure gives largely the same view as a person standing directly in front of a free-standing statue would have. All cultures and periods in which large sculptures were created used this technique in monumental sculpture and architecture.", "answer": "heads and limbs", "sentence": "High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs , are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs , are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. <hl> The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are \"squashed\" flatter. High-relief thus uses essentially the same style and techniques as free-standing sculpture, and in the case of a single figure gives largely the same view as a person standing directly in front of a free-standing statue would have. All cultures and periods in which large sculptures were created used this technique in monumental sculpture and architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially <hl> heads and limbs <hl>, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are \"squashed\" flatter. High-relief thus uses essentially the same style and techniques as free-standing sculpture, and in the case of a single figure gives largely the same view as a person standing directly in front of a free-standing statue would have. All cultures and periods in which large sculptures were created used this technique in monumental sculpture and architecture.", "sentence_answer": "High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially <hl> heads and limbs <hl> , are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fae32b22cd4dfcfc04c5"}
{"question": "In what conference besides the Atlantic Coast does Pitt university belong?", "paragraph": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "answer": "Eastern College Athletic", "sentence": "The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC).", "paragraph_sentence": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). <hl> The university also maintains membership in the Eastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Varsity men's sports sponsored by the university are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and wrestling; while sponsored women's varsity sports include basketball, cross country, gymnastics, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, indoor track and field, outdoor track and field, and volleyball. All varsity sports teams compete as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) since the 2013-14 season, with the exception of the gymnastics team competing in the East Atlantic Gymnastics League (EAGL). The university also maintains membership in the <hl> Eastern College Athletic <hl> Conference (ECAC).", "sentence_answer": "The university also maintains membership in the <hl> Eastern College Athletic <hl> Conference (ECAC).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f84b2b22cd4dfcfbe860"}
{"question": "Were Northeastern Protestants more likely to vote Democrat or Republican in 1960?", "paragraph": "Religion has always played a major role for both parties but, in the course of a century, the parties' religious compositions have changed. Religion was a major dividing line between the parties before 1960, with Catholics, Jews, and Southern Protestants heavily Democratic, and Northeastern Protestants heavily Republican. Most of the old differences faded away after the realignment of the 1970s and 80s that undercut the New Deal coalition. Voters who attend church weekly gave 61% of their votes to Bush in 2004; those who attend occasionally gave him only 47%, while those who never attend gave him 36%. Fifty-nine percent of Protestants voted for Bush, along with 52% of Catholics (even though John Kerry was Catholic). Since 1980, large majorities of evangelicals have voted Republican; 70\u201380% voted for Bush in 2000 and 2004, and 70% for Republican House candidates in 2006. Jews continue to vote 70\u201380% Democratic. Democrats have close links with the African American churches, especially the National Baptists, while their historic dominance among Catholic voters has eroded to 54\u201346 in the 2010 midterms. The main line traditional Protestants (Methodists, Lutherans, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Disciples) have dropped to about 55% Republican (in contrast to 75% before 1968). The mainline denominations are rapidly shrinking in size. Mormons in Utah and neighboring states voted 75% or more for Bush in 2000.", "answer": "Republican", "sentence": "Religion was a major dividing line between the parties before 1960, with Catholics, Jews, and Southern Protestants heavily Democratic, and Northeastern Protestants heavily Republican .", "paragraph_sentence": "Religion has always played a major role for both parties but, in the course of a century, the parties' religious compositions have changed. <hl> Religion was a major dividing line between the parties before 1960, with Catholics, Jews, and Southern Protestants heavily Democratic, and Northeastern Protestants heavily Republican . <hl> Most of the old differences faded away after the realignment of the 1970s and 80s that undercut the New Deal coalition. Voters who attend church weekly gave 61% of their votes to Bush in 2004; those who attend occasionally gave him only 47%, while those who never attend gave him 36%. Fifty-nine percent of Protestants voted for Bush, along with 52% of Catholics (even though John Kerry was Catholic). Since 1980, large majorities of evangelicals have voted Republican; 70\u201380% voted for Bush in 2000 and 2004, and 70% for Republican House candidates in 2006. Jews continue to vote 70\u201380% Democratic. Democrats have close links with the African American churches, especially the National Baptists, while their historic dominance among Catholic voters has eroded to 54\u201346 in the 2010 midterms. The main line traditional Protestants (Methodists, Lutherans, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Disciples) have dropped to about 55% Republican (in contrast to 75% before 1968). The mainline denominations are rapidly shrinking in size. Mormons in Utah and neighboring states voted 75% or more for Bush in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "Religion has always played a major role for both parties but, in the course of a century, the parties' religious compositions have changed. Religion was a major dividing line between the parties before 1960, with Catholics, Jews, and Southern Protestants heavily Democratic, and Northeastern Protestants heavily <hl> Republican <hl>. Most of the old differences faded away after the realignment of the 1970s and 80s that undercut the New Deal coalition. Voters who attend church weekly gave 61% of their votes to Bush in 2004; those who attend occasionally gave him only 47%, while those who never attend gave him 36%. Fifty-nine percent of Protestants voted for Bush, along with 52% of Catholics (even though John Kerry was Catholic). Since 1980, large majorities of evangelicals have voted Republican; 70\u201380% voted for Bush in 2000 and 2004, and 70% for Republican House candidates in 2006. Jews continue to vote 70\u201380% Democratic. Democrats have close links with the African American churches, especially the National Baptists, while their historic dominance among Catholic voters has eroded to 54\u201346 in the 2010 midterms. The main line traditional Protestants (Methodists, Lutherans, Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Disciples) have dropped to about 55% Republican (in contrast to 75% before 1968). The mainline denominations are rapidly shrinking in size. Mormons in Utah and neighboring states voted 75% or more for Bush in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "Religion was a major dividing line between the parties before 1960, with Catholics, Jews, and Southern Protestants heavily Democratic, and Northeastern Protestants heavily <hl> Republican <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6717342b22cd4dfcfbeef2"}
{"question": "How many Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has been a cosmopolitan city throughout much of its history, but it has become more homogenized since the end of the Ottoman Empire. Most of Turkey's religious and ethnic minorities remain concentrated in Istanbul. The vast majority of people across Turkey, and in Istanbul, consider themselves Muslim, and more specifically members of the Sunni branch of Islam. Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought, although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school. The largest non-Sunni Muslim sect, accounting for 4.5 million Turks, is the Alevis; a third of all Alevis in the country live in Istanbul. Mystic movements, like Sufism, were officially banned after the establishment of the Turkish Republic, but they still boast numerous followers.", "answer": "approximately 10 percent", "sentence": "Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought, although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has been a cosmopolitan city throughout much of its history, but it has become more homogenized since the end of the Ottoman Empire. Most of Turkey's religious and ethnic minorities remain concentrated in Istanbul. The vast majority of people across Turkey, and in Istanbul, consider themselves Muslim, and more specifically members of the Sunni branch of Islam. <hl> Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought, although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school. <hl> The largest non-Sunni Muslim sect, accounting for 4.5 million Turks, is the Alevis; a third of all Alevis in the country live in Istanbul. Mystic movements, like Sufism, were officially banned after the establishment of the Turkish Republic, but they still boast numerous followers.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has been a cosmopolitan city throughout much of its history, but it has become more homogenized since the end of the Ottoman Empire. Most of Turkey's religious and ethnic minorities remain concentrated in Istanbul. The vast majority of people across Turkey, and in Istanbul, consider themselves Muslim, and more specifically members of the Sunni branch of Islam. Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought, although <hl> approximately 10 percent <hl> of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school. The largest non-Sunni Muslim sect, accounting for 4.5 million Turks, is the Alevis; a third of all Alevis in the country live in Istanbul. Mystic movements, like Sufism, were officially banned after the establishment of the Turkish Republic, but they still boast numerous followers.", "sentence_answer": "Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought, although <hl> approximately 10 percent <hl> of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e6a72b22cd4dfcfbe50f"}
{"question": "Who was in charge of the Nazi faction during World War II?", "paragraph": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "answer": "Adolf Hitler", "sentence": "The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler.", "paragraph_sentence": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. <hl> The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. <hl> The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_answer": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of <hl> Adolf Hitler <hl> and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "sentence_answer": "The rise of <hl> Adolf Hitler <hl> and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723662b22cd4dfcfbf045"}
{"question": "What month and year marked the start of the conflict between the Chetnik's and the Partisan forces?", "paragraph": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "answer": "October 1941", "sentence": "Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict.", "paragraph_sentence": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. <hl> Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. <hl> To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "paragraph_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from <hl> October 1941 <hl> they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "sentence_answer": "Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from <hl> October 1941 <hl> they degenerated into full-scale conflict.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0fb2b22cd4dfcfbe69b"}
{"question": "Which is a common notation for binary connectives?", "paragraph": "The definitions above use infix notation for binary connectives such as \n\n\n\n\u2192\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\to }\n\n. A less common convention is Polish notation, in which one writes \n\n\n\n\u2192\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\rightarrow }\n\n, \n\n\n\n\u2227\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\wedge }\n\n, and so on in front of their arguments rather than between them. This convention allows all punctuation symbols to be discarded. Polish notation is compact and elegant, but rarely used in practice because it is hard for humans to read it. In Polish notation, the formula", "answer": "infix", "sentence": "The definitions above use infix notation for binary connectives such as \n\n\n\n\u2192\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\to }\n\n.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The definitions above use infix notation for binary connectives such as \u2192 {\\displaystyle \\to } . <hl> A less common convention is Polish notation, in which one writes \u2192 {\\displaystyle \\rightarrow } , \u2227 {\\displaystyle \\wedge } , and so on in front of their arguments rather than between them. This convention allows all punctuation symbols to be discarded. Polish notation is compact and elegant, but rarely used in practice because it is hard for humans to read it. In Polish notation, the formula", "paragraph_answer": "The definitions above use <hl> infix <hl> notation for binary connectives such as \u2192 {\\displaystyle \\to } . A less common convention is Polish notation, in which one writes \u2192 {\\displaystyle \\rightarrow } , \u2227 {\\displaystyle \\wedge } , and so on in front of their arguments rather than between them. This convention allows all punctuation symbols to be discarded. Polish notation is compact and elegant, but rarely used in practice because it is hard for humans to read it. In Polish notation, the formula", "sentence_answer": "The definitions above use <hl> infix <hl> notation for binary connectives such as \u2192 {\\displaystyle \\to } .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6d82b22cd4dfcfbccda"}
{"question": "If a physician wants to specialize in a certain type of medicine, what must he or she complete?", "paragraph": "Admission to medical schools in the United States is highly competitive, with about 17,800 out of approximately 47,000 applicants receiving at least one acceptance to any medical school in recent application years. Before entering medical school, many schools require that students must complete a four-year undergraduate degree and take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT); however, some medical schools require only a certain amount of undergraduate coursework (but not degree completion) before the start of the medical curriculum. Before graduating from a medical school and achieving the Doctor of Medicine degree, most schools require their students to take the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) step one and both the clinical knowledge and clinical skills parts of step two. The MD degree is typically earned in four years. Following the awarding of the MD, physicians who wish to practice in the United States are required to complete at least one internship year (PGY-1) and pass the USMLE Step 3. In order to receive board eligible or board accredited status in a specialty of medicine such as general surgery or internal medicine, they undergo additional specialized training in the form of a residency. Those who wish to further specialize in areas such as cardiology or interventional radiology then complete a fellowship. Depending upon the physician's chosen field, residencies and fellowships involve an additional three to eight years of training after obtaining the MD. This can be lengthened with additional research years, which can last one, two, or more years.", "answer": "a fellowship", "sentence": "Those who wish to further specialize in areas such as cardiology or interventional radiology then complete a fellowship .", "paragraph_sentence": "Admission to medical schools in the United States is highly competitive, with about 17,800 out of approximately 47,000 applicants receiving at least one acceptance to any medical school in recent application years. Before entering medical school, many schools require that students must complete a four-year undergraduate degree and take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT); however, some medical schools require only a certain amount of undergraduate coursework (but not degree completion) before the start of the medical curriculum. Before graduating from a medical school and achieving the Doctor of Medicine degree, most schools require their students to take the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) step one and both the clinical knowledge and clinical skills parts of step two. The MD degree is typically earned in four years. Following the awarding of the MD, physicians who wish to practice in the United States are required to complete at least one internship year (PGY-1) and pass the USMLE Step 3. In order to receive board eligible or board accredited status in a specialty of medicine such as general surgery or internal medicine, they undergo additional specialized training in the form of a residency. <hl> Those who wish to further specialize in areas such as cardiology or interventional radiology then complete a fellowship . <hl> Depending upon the physician's chosen field, residencies and fellowships involve an additional three to eight years of training after obtaining the MD. This can be lengthened with additional research years, which can last one, two, or more years.", "paragraph_answer": "Admission to medical schools in the United States is highly competitive, with about 17,800 out of approximately 47,000 applicants receiving at least one acceptance to any medical school in recent application years. Before entering medical school, many schools require that students must complete a four-year undergraduate degree and take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT); however, some medical schools require only a certain amount of undergraduate coursework (but not degree completion) before the start of the medical curriculum. Before graduating from a medical school and achieving the Doctor of Medicine degree, most schools require their students to take the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) step one and both the clinical knowledge and clinical skills parts of step two. The MD degree is typically earned in four years. Following the awarding of the MD, physicians who wish to practice in the United States are required to complete at least one internship year (PGY-1) and pass the USMLE Step 3. In order to receive board eligible or board accredited status in a specialty of medicine such as general surgery or internal medicine, they undergo additional specialized training in the form of a residency. Those who wish to further specialize in areas such as cardiology or interventional radiology then complete <hl> a fellowship <hl>. Depending upon the physician's chosen field, residencies and fellowships involve an additional three to eight years of training after obtaining the MD. This can be lengthened with additional research years, which can last one, two, or more years.", "sentence_answer": "Those who wish to further specialize in areas such as cardiology or interventional radiology then complete <hl> a fellowship <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65eca22b22cd4dfcfbd2b8"}
{"question": "How did Latin change during the post-classical period?", "paragraph": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "answer": "This language was more in line with the everyday speech", "sentence": "This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "paragraph_sentence": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. <hl> This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. <hl> This language was more in line with the everyday speech <hl> not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> This language was more in line with the everyday speech <hl> not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "paragraph_id": "5d6642e42b22cd4dfcfbdb9d"}
{"question": "What is the meaning of \"cordel\"?", "paragraph": "In the northern part of the Andes, the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta range is often considered to be part of the Andes. The term cordillera comes from the Spanish word \"cordel\", meaning \"rope\". The Andes range is about 200 km (124 mi) wide throughout its length, except in the Bolivian flexure where it is about 640 kilometres (398 mi) wide. The Leeward Antilles islands Aruba, Bonaire, and Cura\u00e7ao, which lie in the Caribbean Sea off the coast of Venezuela, were thought to represent the submerged peaks of the extreme northern edge of the Andes range, but ongoing geological studies indicate that such a simplification does not do justice to the complex tectonic boundary between the South American and Caribbean plates.", "answer": "\"rope\"", "sentence": "The term cordillera comes from the Spanish word \"cordel\", meaning \"rope\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the northern part of the Andes, the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta range is often considered to be part of the Andes. <hl> The term cordillera comes from the Spanish word \"cordel\", meaning \"rope\" . <hl> The Andes range is about 200 km (124 mi) wide throughout its length, except in the Bolivian flexure where it is about 640 kilometres (398 mi) wide. The Leeward Antilles islands Aruba, Bonaire, and Cura\u00e7ao, which lie in the Caribbean Sea off the coast of Venezuela, were thought to represent the submerged peaks of the extreme northern edge of the Andes range, but ongoing geological studies indicate that such a simplification does not do justice to the complex tectonic boundary between the South American and Caribbean plates.", "paragraph_answer": "In the northern part of the Andes, the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta range is often considered to be part of the Andes. The term cordillera comes from the Spanish word \"cordel\", meaning <hl> \"rope\" <hl>. The Andes range is about 200 km (124 mi) wide throughout its length, except in the Bolivian flexure where it is about 640 kilometres (398 mi) wide. The Leeward Antilles islands Aruba, Bonaire, and Cura\u00e7ao, which lie in the Caribbean Sea off the coast of Venezuela, were thought to represent the submerged peaks of the extreme northern edge of the Andes range, but ongoing geological studies indicate that such a simplification does not do justice to the complex tectonic boundary between the South American and Caribbean plates.", "sentence_answer": "The term cordillera comes from the Spanish word \"cordel\", meaning <hl> \"rope\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65976b2b22cd4dfcfbca42"}
{"question": "What of the United States does not possess international legal sovereignty?", "paragraph": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "answer": "the member states", "sentence": "Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_sentence": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. <hl> Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, <hl> the member states <hl> of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "sentence_answer": "Additionally, <hl> the member states <hl> of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770a22b22cd4dfcfbfbc3"}
{"question": "What type of insurers exist as a single corporation?", "paragraph": "Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation.  Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups.  That is, they consist of holding companies which own several admitted and surplus insurers (and sometimes a few excess insurers and reinsurers as well).  There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether.  All major insurance groups in the U.S. that transact insurance in California maintain a publicly accessible list on their Web sites of the actual insurer entities within the group, as required by California Insurance Code Section 702.", "answer": "Only the smallest insurers", "sentence": "Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation. <hl> Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups. That is, they consist of holding companies which own several admitted and surplus insurers (and sometimes a few excess insurers and reinsurers as well). There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether. All major insurance groups in the U.S. that transact insurance in California maintain a publicly accessible list on their Web sites of the actual insurer entities within the group, as required by California Insurance Code Section 702.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Only the smallest insurers <hl> exist as a single corporation. Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups. That is, they consist of holding companies which own several admitted and surplus insurers (and sometimes a few excess insurers and reinsurers as well). There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether. All major insurance groups in the U.S. that transact insurance in California maintain a publicly accessible list on their Web sites of the actual insurer entities within the group, as required by California Insurance Code Section 702.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Only the smallest insurers <hl> exist as a single corporation.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ea992b22cd4dfcfbe528"}
{"question": "Which country won the first European championship in 1910?", "paragraph": "Lord Stanley's five sons were instrumental in bringing ice hockey to Europe, defeating a court team (which included the future Edward VII and George V) at Buckingham Palace in 1895. By 1903, a five-team league had been founded. The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by Great Britain in 1910. The sport grew further in Europe in the 1920s, after ice hockey became an Olympic sport. Many bandy players switched to ice hockey so as to be able to compete in the Olympics. Bandy remained popular in the Soviet Union, which only started its ice hockey program in the 1950s. In the mid-20th century, the Ligue became the International Ice Hockey Federation.", "answer": "Great Britain", "sentence": "The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by Great Britain in 1910.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lord Stanley's five sons were instrumental in bringing ice hockey to Europe, defeating a court team (which included the future Edward VII and George V) at Buckingham Palace in 1895. By 1903, a five-team league had been founded. <hl> The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by Great Britain in 1910. <hl> The sport grew further in Europe in the 1920s, after ice hockey became an Olympic sport. Many bandy players switched to ice hockey so as to be able to compete in the Olympics. Bandy remained popular in the Soviet Union, which only started its ice hockey program in the 1950s. In the mid-20th century, the Ligue became the International Ice Hockey Federation.", "paragraph_answer": "Lord Stanley's five sons were instrumental in bringing ice hockey to Europe, defeating a court team (which included the future Edward VII and George V) at Buckingham Palace in 1895. By 1903, a five-team league had been founded. The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by <hl> Great Britain <hl> in 1910. The sport grew further in Europe in the 1920s, after ice hockey became an Olympic sport. Many bandy players switched to ice hockey so as to be able to compete in the Olympics. Bandy remained popular in the Soviet Union, which only started its ice hockey program in the 1950s. In the mid-20th century, the Ligue became the International Ice Hockey Federation.", "sentence_answer": "The Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace was founded in 1908 to govern international competition, and the first European championship was won by <hl> Great Britain <hl> in 1910.", "paragraph_id": "5d6665c52b22cd4dfcfbddca"}
{"question": "What refers to if something is right or wrong?", "paragraph": "In its normative sense, \"morality\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "answer": "morality", "sentence": "In its normative sense, \" morality \" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In its normative sense, \" morality \" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. <hl> Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "paragraph_answer": "In its normative sense, \"<hl> morality <hl>\" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures. Normative ethics is the branch of philosophy which studies morality in this sense.", "sentence_answer": "In its normative sense, \" <hl> morality <hl> \" refers to whatever (if anything) is actually right or wrong, which may be independent of the values or mores held by any particular peoples or cultures.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff2c2b22cd4dfcfbe9ba"}
{"question": "Between what streets does the bedrock base sink further down before rising again near Lower Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "answer": "between 29th Street and Canal Street", "sentence": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street , then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street , then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. <hl> It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "paragraph_answer": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower <hl> between 29th Street and Canal Street <hl>, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "sentence_answer": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower <hl> between 29th Street and Canal Street <hl> , then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan.", "paragraph_id": "5d672b382b22cd4dfcfbf17d"}
{"question": "The Van Nelle fabriek, the Jugendstill clubhouse, and Feyenoord's football stadium were notable types of modern architecture in Rotterdam in what century?", "paragraph": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.\nIn the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nDuring the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "answer": "In the first decades of the 20th century", "sentence": "\n In the first decades of the 20th century , some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century , some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. <hl> Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century <hl>, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century <hl> , some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam.", "paragraph_id": "5d672ae02b22cd4dfcfbf16a"}
{"question": "Where in Canada is the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee held annually?", "paragraph": "In addition to conducting traditional research in laboratory settings, neuroscientists have also been involved in the promotion of awareness and knowledge about the nervous system among the general public and government officials. Such promotions have been done by both individual neuroscientists and large organizations. For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee, which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University.", "answer": "McMaster University", "sentence": "In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University .", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to conducting traditional research in laboratory settings, neuroscientists have also been involved in the promotion of awareness and knowledge about the nervous system among the general public and government officials. Such promotions have been done by both individual neuroscientists and large organizations. For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee, which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. <hl> In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to conducting traditional research in laboratory settings, neuroscientists have also been involved in the promotion of awareness and knowledge about the nervous system among the general public and government officials. Such promotions have been done by both individual neuroscientists and large organizations. For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee, which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at <hl> McMaster University <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at <hl> McMaster University <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6731e22b22cd4dfcfbf240"}
{"question": "What have record labels adopted recently to help promote drum and bass?", "paragraph": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services (YouTube, Dailymotion), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and MixCloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts. Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio.", "answer": "Podcasts", "sentence": "Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts .", "paragraph_sentence": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services (YouTube, Dailymotion), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and MixCloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. <hl> Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts . <hl> Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio.", "paragraph_answer": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services (YouTube, Dailymotion), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and MixCloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted the use of <hl> Podcasts <hl>. Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio.", "sentence_answer": "Record labels have adopted the use of <hl> Podcasts <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666f942b22cd4dfcfbdeeb"}
{"question": "Who was the editor of The Sunday Times before Martin Ivens became acting editor?", "paragraph": "During January 2013, Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow, who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time. The independent directors rejected a permanent position for Ivens as editor because of the possible merger of the two Times titles.", "answer": "John Witherow", "sentence": "During January 2013, Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow , who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During January 2013, Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to John Witherow , who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time. <hl> The independent directors rejected a permanent position for Ivens as editor because of the possible merger of the two Times titles.", "paragraph_answer": "During January 2013, Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to <hl> John Witherow <hl>, who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time. The independent directors rejected a permanent position for Ivens as editor because of the possible merger of the two Times titles.", "sentence_answer": "During January 2013, Martin Ivens became acting editor of The Sunday Times in succession to <hl> John Witherow <hl> , who became the 'acting' editor of The Times at the same time.", "paragraph_id": "5d6732c72b22cd4dfcfbf24f"}
{"question": "How much did it cost to avoid being conscripted?", "paragraph": "New York City played a complex role in the American Civil War. The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. These intense war-time riots are counted among the worst incidents of civil disorder in American history, with an estimated 119 participants and passersby massacred.", "answer": "$300", "sentence": "The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863.", "paragraph_sentence": "New York City played a complex role in the American Civil War. <hl> The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. <hl> These intense war-time riots are counted among the worst incidents of civil disorder in American history, with an estimated 119 participants and passersby massacred.", "paragraph_answer": "New York City played a complex role in the American Civil War. The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay <hl> $300 <hl> to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. These intense war-time riots are counted among the worst incidents of civil disorder in American history, with an estimated 119 participants and passersby massacred.", "sentence_answer": "The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay <hl> $300 <hl> to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703622b22cd4dfcfbea62"}
{"question": "What streets bound Central Park?", "paragraph": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "answer": "59th Street and 110th Street", "sentence": "The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street .", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. <hl> The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street . <hl> Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "paragraph_answer": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between <hl> 59th Street and 110th Street <hl>. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "sentence_answer": "The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between <hl> 59th Street and 110th Street <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6710772b22cd4dfcfbed19"}
{"question": "Is a plural form needed when an abbreviation already identifies a plural form?", "paragraph": "The argument that acronyms should have no different plural form (for example, \"If D can stand for disc, it can also stand for discs\") is in general disregarded because of the practicality in distinguishing singulars and plurals. This is not the case, however, when the abbreviation is understood to describe a plural noun already: For example, U.S. is short for United States, but not United State. In this case, the options for making a possessive form of an abbreviation that is already in its plural form without a final s may seem awkward: for example, U.S., U.S.'s, etc. In such instances, possessive abbreviations are often foregone in favor of simple attributive usage (for example, the U.S. economy) or expanding the abbreviation to its full form and then making the possessive (for example, the United States' economy). On the other hand, in speech, the pronunciation United States's sometimes is used.", "answer": "This is not the case", "sentence": "This is not the case , however, when the abbreviation is understood to describe a plural noun already: For example, U.S. is short for United States, but not United State.", "paragraph_sentence": "The argument that acronyms should have no different plural form (for example, \"If D can stand for disc, it can also stand for discs\") is in general disregarded because of the practicality in distinguishing singulars and plurals. <hl> This is not the case , however, when the abbreviation is understood to describe a plural noun already: For example, U.S. is short for United States, but not United State. <hl> In this case, the options for making a possessive form of an abbreviation that is already in its plural form without a final s may seem awkward: for example, U.S., U.S.'s, etc. In such instances, possessive abbreviations are often foregone in favor of simple attributive usage (for example, the U.S. economy) or expanding the abbreviation to its full form and then making the possessive (for example, the United States' economy). On the other hand, in speech, the pronunciation United States's sometimes is used.", "paragraph_answer": "The argument that acronyms should have no different plural form (for example, \"If D can stand for disc, it can also stand for discs\") is in general disregarded because of the practicality in distinguishing singulars and plurals. <hl> This is not the case <hl>, however, when the abbreviation is understood to describe a plural noun already: For example, U.S. is short for United States, but not United State. In this case, the options for making a possessive form of an abbreviation that is already in its plural form without a final s may seem awkward: for example, U.S., U.S.'s, etc. In such instances, possessive abbreviations are often foregone in favor of simple attributive usage (for example, the U.S. economy) or expanding the abbreviation to its full form and then making the possessive (for example, the United States' economy). On the other hand, in speech, the pronunciation United States's sometimes is used.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> This is not the case <hl> , however, when the abbreviation is understood to describe a plural noun already: For example, U.S. is short for United States, but not United State.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a9b72b22cd4dfcfbcaeb"}
{"question": "What is the most common percentage mixtures of tin/lead alloy in metal pipe organ pipes?", "paragraph": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious  \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "answer": "50%/50%", "sentence": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with 50%/50% being the most common. <hl> The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "paragraph_answer": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with <hl> 50%/50% <hl> being the most common. The amount of tin in the pipe defines the pipe's tone, since tin is the most tonally resonant of all metals.[dubious \u2013 discuss] When a tin/lead alloy cools, the lead cools slightly faster and produces a mottled or spotted effect. This metal alloy is referred to as spotted metal. Major advantages of using tin for pipes include its appearance, its workability, and resistance to corrosion.", "sentence_answer": "Most metal pipes in a pipe organ are made of varying amounts of a tin/lead alloy, with <hl> 50%/50% <hl> being the most common.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703062b22cd4dfcfbea58"}
{"question": "What method is effective in assisting plate design or application?", "paragraph": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis.", "answer": "computer analysis", "sentence": "Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis .", "paragraph_sentence": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. <hl> Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or computer analysis . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Plates carry bending in two directions. A concrete flat slab is an example of a plate. Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or <hl> computer analysis <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Plates are understood by using continuum mechanics, but due to the complexity involved they are most often designed using a codified empirical approach, or <hl> computer analysis <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67551c2b22cd4dfcfbf753"}
{"question": "Which group thought that Tito's pan-ethnic policies were anti-Serbian?", "paragraph": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "answer": "Chetniks", "sentence": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. <hl> Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "paragraph_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the <hl> Chetniks <hl>, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "sentence_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the <hl> Chetniks <hl> , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f8e62b22cd4dfcfc04a4"}
{"question": "What is the basis of what's considered right and wrong in Hinduism?", "paragraph": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with contemporary secular frameworks such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others. There are many types of religious value systems. Modern monotheistic religions, such as Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and to a certain degree others such as Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, define right and wrong by the laws and rules set forth by their respective scriptures and as interpreted by religious leaders within the respective faith. Other religions spanning pantheistic to nontheistic tend to be less absolute. For example, within Buddhism, the intention of the individual and the circumstances should be accounted for to determine if an action is right or wrong. A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life. For modern Westerners, who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "answer": "the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life", "sentence": "A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life .", "paragraph_sentence": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with contemporary secular frameworks such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others. There are many types of religious value systems. Modern monotheistic religions, such as Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and to a certain degree others such as Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, define right and wrong by the laws and rules set forth by their respective scriptures and as interpreted by religious leaders within the respective faith. Other religions spanning pantheistic to nontheistic tend to be less absolute. For example, within Buddhism, the intention of the individual and the circumstances should be accounted for to determine if an action is right or wrong. <hl> A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life . <hl> For modern Westerners, who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "paragraph_answer": "Within the wide range of moral traditions, religious value systems co-exist with contemporary secular frameworks such as consequentialism, freethought, humanism, utilitarianism, and others. There are many types of religious value systems. Modern monotheistic religions, such as Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and to a certain degree others such as Sikhism and Zoroastrianism, define right and wrong by the laws and rules set forth by their respective scriptures and as interpreted by religious leaders within the respective faith. Other religions spanning pantheistic to nontheistic tend to be less absolute. For example, within Buddhism, the intention of the individual and the circumstances should be accounted for to determine if an action is right or wrong. A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to <hl> the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life <hl>. For modern Westerners, who have been raised on ideals of universality and egalitarianism, this relativity of values and obligations is the aspect of Hinduism most difficult to understand\".", "sentence_answer": "A further disparity between the values of religious traditions is pointed out by Barbara Stoler Miller, who states that, in Hinduism, \"practically, right and wrong are decided according to <hl> the categories of social rank, kinship, and stages of life <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67056d2b22cd4dfcfbeac8"}
{"question": "What types of plants were selected for harvesting?", "paragraph": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer.", "answer": "strains that retained their edible seeds longer", "sentence": "Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer .", "paragraph_sentence": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. <hl> Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for strains that retained their edible seeds longer . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity resulted in the selective breeding of cereal grasses (beginning with emmer, einkorn and barley), and not simply of those that would favour greater caloric returns through larger seeds. Plants that possessed traits such as small seeds or bitter taste would have been seen as undesirable. Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for <hl> strains that retained their edible seeds longer <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Plants that rapidly shed their seeds on maturity tended not to be gathered at harvest, therefore not stored and not seeded the following season; years of harvesting selected for <hl> strains that retained their edible seeds longer <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673d552b22cd4dfcfbf3b1"}
{"question": "What event caused a shift in how regions of the country voted?", "paragraph": "Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. This trend continued into the 20th century, with 1944 Republican presidential candidate Thomas E. Dewey having only 10% of his popular votes in the South. After the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "answer": "Civil Rights Act of 1964", "sentence": "After the Civil Rights Act of 1964 , the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. This trend continued into the 20th century, with 1944 Republican presidential candidate Thomas E. Dewey having only 10% of his popular votes in the South. <hl> After the Civil Rights Act of 1964 , the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. <hl> Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "paragraph_answer": "Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. This trend continued into the 20th century, with 1944 Republican presidential candidate Thomas E. Dewey having only 10% of his popular votes in the South. After the <hl> Civil Rights Act of 1964 <hl>, the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "sentence_answer": "After the <hl> Civil Rights Act of 1964 <hl> , the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992.", "paragraph_id": "5d67400a2b22cd4dfcfbf3f0"}
{"question": "What electronic show in Tucson, Arizona plays some drum and bass?", "paragraph": "In North America, The Prophecy on 89.5 CIUT-FM With Marcus Visionary, DJ Prime and Mr. Brown Is North America's longest running Jungle Radio show[citation needed] (Toronto), Album 88.5 (Atlanta) and C89.5fm (Seattle) have shows showcasing drum and bass. Seattle also has a long-standing electronica show known as Expansions on 90.3 FM KEXP. The rotating DJs include Kid Hops, whose shows are made up mostly of drum and bass. In Columbus, Ohio WCBE 90.5 has a two-hour electronic only showcase, \"All Mixed Up,\" Saturday nights at 10pm. At the same time WUFM 88.7 plays its \"Electronic Playground.\" Also, Tulsa, Oklahoma's rock station, 104.5 The Edge, has a two-hour show starting at 10:00PM Saturday nights called Edge Essential Mix mixed by DJ Demko showcasing electronic and drum and bass style. While the aforementioned shows in Ohio rarely play drum and bass the latter plays the genre with some frequency. In Tucson, Arizona, 91.3 FM KXCI has a two-hour electronic show known as \"Digital Empire\", Friday nights at 10pm (MST). Resident DJ Trinidad showcases various styles of electronica, with the main focus being drum and bass, jungle & dubstep. In Augusta, Georgia, zarbizarre of the Cereal Killaz hosts a show called FreQuency on WHHD on Friday nights from 11pm until 1am, showcasing drum and bass during the 2nd hour of the show.", "answer": "Digital Empire", "sentence": "In Tucson, Arizona, 91.3 FM KXCI has a two-hour electronic show known as \" Digital Empire \", Friday nights at 10pm (MST).", "paragraph_sentence": "In North America, The Prophecy on 89.5 CIUT-FM With Marcus Visionary, DJ Prime and Mr. Brown Is North America's longest running Jungle Radio show[citation needed] (Toronto), Album 88.5 (Atlanta) and C89.5fm (Seattle) have shows showcasing drum and bass. Seattle also has a long-standing electronica show known as Expansions on 90.3 FM KEXP. The rotating DJs include Kid Hops, whose shows are made up mostly of drum and bass. In Columbus, Ohio WCBE 90.5 has a two-hour electronic only showcase, \"All Mixed Up,\" Saturday nights at 10pm. At the same time WUFM 88.7 plays its \"Electronic Playground.\" Also, Tulsa, Oklahoma's rock station, 104.5 The Edge, has a two-hour show starting at 10:00PM Saturday nights called Edge Essential Mix mixed by DJ Demko showcasing electronic and drum and bass style. While the aforementioned shows in Ohio rarely play drum and bass the latter plays the genre with some frequency. <hl> In Tucson, Arizona, 91.3 FM KXCI has a two-hour electronic show known as \" Digital Empire \", Friday nights at 10pm (MST). <hl> Resident DJ Trinidad showcases various styles of electronica, with the main focus being drum and bass, jungle & dubstep. In Augusta, Georgia, zarbizarre of the Cereal Killaz hosts a show called FreQuency on WHHD on Friday nights from 11pm until 1am, showcasing drum and bass during the 2nd hour of the show.", "paragraph_answer": "In North America, The Prophecy on 89.5 CIUT-FM With Marcus Visionary, DJ Prime and Mr. Brown Is North America's longest running Jungle Radio show[citation needed] (Toronto), Album 88.5 (Atlanta) and C89.5fm (Seattle) have shows showcasing drum and bass. Seattle also has a long-standing electronica show known as Expansions on 90.3 FM KEXP. The rotating DJs include Kid Hops, whose shows are made up mostly of drum and bass. In Columbus, Ohio WCBE 90.5 has a two-hour electronic only showcase, \"All Mixed Up,\" Saturday nights at 10pm. At the same time WUFM 88.7 plays its \"Electronic Playground.\" Also, Tulsa, Oklahoma's rock station, 104.5 The Edge, has a two-hour show starting at 10:00PM Saturday nights called Edge Essential Mix mixed by DJ Demko showcasing electronic and drum and bass style. While the aforementioned shows in Ohio rarely play drum and bass the latter plays the genre with some frequency. In Tucson, Arizona, 91.3 FM KXCI has a two-hour electronic show known as \"<hl> Digital Empire <hl>\", Friday nights at 10pm (MST). Resident DJ Trinidad showcases various styles of electronica, with the main focus being drum and bass, jungle & dubstep. In Augusta, Georgia, zarbizarre of the Cereal Killaz hosts a show called FreQuency on WHHD on Friday nights from 11pm until 1am, showcasing drum and bass during the 2nd hour of the show.", "sentence_answer": "In Tucson, Arizona, 91.3 FM KXCI has a two-hour electronic show known as \" <hl> Digital Empire <hl> \", Friday nights at 10pm (MST).", "paragraph_id": "5d6672bd2b22cd4dfcfbdf53"}
{"question": "In 2004, which zip code gave the most political contributions to the presidential election?", "paragraph": "No Republican has won the presidential election in Manhattan since 1924, when Calvin Coolidge won a plurality of the New York County vote over Democrat John W. Davis, 41.20%\u201339.55%. Warren G. Harding was the most recent Republican presidential candidate to win a majority of the Manhattan vote, with 59.22% of the 1920 vote. In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7%. The borough is the most important source of funding for presidential campaigns in the United States; in 2004, it was home to six of the top seven ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions. The top ZIP code, 10021 on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the United States presidential election for all presidential candidates, including both Kerry and Bush during the 2004 election.", "answer": "10021", "sentence": "The top ZIP code, 10021 on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the United States presidential election for all presidential candidates, including both Kerry and Bush during the 2004 election.", "paragraph_sentence": "No Republican has won the presidential election in Manhattan since 1924, when Calvin Coolidge won a plurality of the New York County vote over Democrat John W. Davis, 41.20%\u201339.55%. Warren G. Harding was the most recent Republican presidential candidate to win a majority of the Manhattan vote, with 59.22% of the 1920 vote. In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7%. The borough is the most important source of funding for presidential campaigns in the United States; in 2004, it was home to six of the top seven ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions. <hl> The top ZIP code, 10021 on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the United States presidential election for all presidential candidates, including both Kerry and Bush during the 2004 election. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "No Republican has won the presidential election in Manhattan since 1924, when Calvin Coolidge won a plurality of the New York County vote over Democrat John W. Davis, 41.20%\u201339.55%. Warren G. Harding was the most recent Republican presidential candidate to win a majority of the Manhattan vote, with 59.22% of the 1920 vote. In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 82.1% of the vote in Manhattan and Republican George W. Bush received 16.7%. The borough is the most important source of funding for presidential campaigns in the United States; in 2004, it was home to six of the top seven ZIP codes in the nation for political contributions. The top ZIP code, <hl> 10021 <hl> on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the United States presidential election for all presidential candidates, including both Kerry and Bush during the 2004 election.", "sentence_answer": "The top ZIP code, <hl> 10021 <hl> on the Upper East Side, generated the most money for the United States presidential election for all presidential candidates, including both Kerry and Bush during the 2004 election.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712512b22cd4dfcfbedee"}
{"question": "The state is also known as what subdivision of the United States?", "paragraph": "Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. The first subdivision of the United States is the state. The admission of states into the United States, beyond the original thirteen states, is authorized under Article IV, Section 3, of the Constitution of the United States. Most of the states admitted to the union after the original 13 have been formed within territories of the United States (that is, land under the sovereignty of the federal government but not part of any state) that were organized by an act or resolution of the United States Congress, subject to the Congress' plenary powers under the territorial clause of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution.", "answer": "The first subdivision", "sentence": "The first subdivision of the United States is the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. <hl> The first subdivision of the United States is the state. <hl> The admission of states into the United States, beyond the original thirteen states, is authorized under Article IV, Section 3, of the Constitution of the United States. Most of the states admitted to the union after the original 13 have been formed within territories of the United States (that is, land under the sovereignty of the federal government but not part of any state) that were organized by an act or resolution of the United States Congress, subject to the Congress' plenary powers under the territorial clause of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution.", "paragraph_answer": "Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. <hl> The first subdivision <hl> of the United States is the state. The admission of states into the United States, beyond the original thirteen states, is authorized under Article IV, Section 3, of the Constitution of the United States. Most of the states admitted to the union after the original 13 have been formed within territories of the United States (that is, land under the sovereignty of the federal government but not part of any state) that were organized by an act or resolution of the United States Congress, subject to the Congress' plenary powers under the territorial clause of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The first subdivision <hl> of the United States is the state.", "paragraph_id": "5d676f6b2b22cd4dfcfbfb84"}
{"question": "What was the boys name that proposed the U.S. flag design as a school project in 1958?", "paragraph": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B\u2013 for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project. Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively.", "answer": "Robert G. Heft", "sentence": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. <hl> His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B\u2013 for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project. Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old <hl> Robert G. Heft <hl> in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B\u2013 for the project. After discussing the grade with his teacher, it was agreed (somewhat jokingly) that if the flag was accepted by Congress, the grade would be reconsidered. Heft's flag design was chosen and adopted by presidential proclamation after Alaska and before Hawaii was admitted into the Union in 1959. According to Heft, his teacher did keep to their agreement and changed his grade to an A for the project. Both the 49- and 50-star flags were each flown for the first time ever at Fort McHenry on Independence Day one year apart, 1959 and 1960 respectively.", "sentence_answer": "Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old <hl> Robert G. Heft <hl> in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity.", "paragraph_id": "5d6677992b22cd4dfcfbe01c"}
{"question": "In what climate region of the earth are IR methods most useful?", "paragraph": "The IR estimates have rather low skill at short time and space scales, but are available very frequently (15 minutes or more often) from satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit. IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection\u2014such as the tropics\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. The more-direct physical connection between hydrometeors and microwave channels gives the microwave estimates greater skill on short time and space scales than is true for IR. However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites, and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. This several-hour interval is insufficient to adequately document precipitation because of the transient nature of most precipitation systems as well as the inability of a single satellite to appropriately capture the typical daily cycle of precipitation at a given location.", "answer": "the tropics", "sentence": "IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection\u2014such as the tropics \u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions.", "paragraph_sentence": "The IR estimates have rather low skill at short time and space scales, but are available very frequently (15 minutes or more often) from satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit. <hl> IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection\u2014such as the tropics \u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. <hl> The more-direct physical connection between hydrometeors and microwave channels gives the microwave estimates greater skill on short time and space scales than is true for IR. However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites, and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. This several-hour interval is insufficient to adequately document precipitation because of the transient nature of most precipitation systems as well as the inability of a single satellite to appropriately capture the typical daily cycle of precipitation at a given location.", "paragraph_answer": "The IR estimates have rather low skill at short time and space scales, but are available very frequently (15 minutes or more often) from satellites in geosynchronous Earth orbit. IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection\u2014such as <hl> the tropics <hl>\u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions. The more-direct physical connection between hydrometeors and microwave channels gives the microwave estimates greater skill on short time and space scales than is true for IR. However, microwave sensors fly only on low Earth orbit satellites, and there are few enough of them that the average time between observations exceeds three hours. This several-hour interval is insufficient to adequately document precipitation because of the transient nature of most precipitation systems as well as the inability of a single satellite to appropriately capture the typical daily cycle of precipitation at a given location.", "sentence_answer": "IR works best in cases of deep, vigorous convection\u2014such as <hl> the tropics <hl> \u2014and becomes progressively less useful in areas where stratiform (layered) precipitation dominates, especially in mid- and high-latitude regions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6779ba2b22cd4dfcfbfcd6"}
{"question": "What percentage of cardiovascular disease deaths does obesity account for?", "paragraph": "The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.", "answer": "obesity 5%", "sentence": "High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5% .", "paragraph_sentence": "The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. <hl> High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5% . <hl> Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.", "paragraph_answer": "The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and <hl> obesity 5% <hl>. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.", "sentence_answer": "High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and <hl> obesity 5% <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6610bd2b22cd4dfcfbd77f"}
{"question": "Who was Rewley Abbey for?", "paragraph": "Oxford's prestige was enhanced by its charter granted by King Henry II, granting its citizens the same privileges and exemptions as those enjoyed by the capital of the kingdom; and various important religious houses were founded in or near the city. A grandson of King John established Rewley Abbey for the Cistercian Order; and friars of various orders (Dominicans, Franciscans, Carmelites, Augustinians and Trinitarians) all had houses of varying importance at Oxford. Parliaments were often held in the city during the 13th century. The Provisions of Oxford were instigated by a group of barons led by Simon de Montfort; these documents are often regarded as England's first written constitution.", "answer": "Cistercian Order", "sentence": "A grandson of King John established Rewley Abbey for the Cistercian Order ; and friars of various orders (Dominicans, Franciscans, Carmelites, Augustinians and Trinitarians) all had houses of varying importance at Oxford.", "paragraph_sentence": "Oxford's prestige was enhanced by its charter granted by King Henry II, granting its citizens the same privileges and exemptions as those enjoyed by the capital of the kingdom; and various important religious houses were founded in or near the city. <hl> A grandson of King John established Rewley Abbey for the Cistercian Order ; and friars of various orders (Dominicans, Franciscans, Carmelites, Augustinians and Trinitarians) all had houses of varying importance at Oxford. <hl> Parliaments were often held in the city during the 13th century. The Provisions of Oxford were instigated by a group of barons led by Simon de Montfort; these documents are often regarded as England's first written constitution.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford's prestige was enhanced by its charter granted by King Henry II, granting its citizens the same privileges and exemptions as those enjoyed by the capital of the kingdom; and various important religious houses were founded in or near the city. A grandson of King John established Rewley Abbey for the <hl> Cistercian Order <hl>; and friars of various orders (Dominicans, Franciscans, Carmelites, Augustinians and Trinitarians) all had houses of varying importance at Oxford. Parliaments were often held in the city during the 13th century. The Provisions of Oxford were instigated by a group of barons led by Simon de Montfort; these documents are often regarded as England's first written constitution.", "sentence_answer": "A grandson of King John established Rewley Abbey for the <hl> Cistercian Order <hl> ; and friars of various orders (Dominicans, Franciscans, Carmelites, Augustinians and Trinitarians) all had houses of varying importance at Oxford.", "paragraph_id": "5d6736bb2b22cd4dfcfbf2af"}
{"question": "Who is the Muslim mayor of Rotterdam?", "paragraph": "In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations. They form a large part of Rotterdam's multi ethnic and multicultural diversity. 47.7% of the population are of non Dutch origins or have at least one parent born outside the country. There are 80,000 Muslims, constituting 13% of the population. The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb, is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. The city is home to the largest Dutch Antillean community. The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade, close to the central railway station.", "answer": "Ahmed Aboutaleb", "sentence": "The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb , is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations. They form a large part of Rotterdam's multi ethnic and multicultural diversity. 47.7% of the population are of non Dutch origins or have at least one parent born outside the country. There are 80,000 Muslims, constituting 13% of the population. <hl> The mayor of Rotterdam, Ahmed Aboutaleb , is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. <hl> The city is home to the largest Dutch Antillean community. The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade, close to the central railway station.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Netherlands, Rotterdam has the highest percentage of foreigners from non-industrialised nations. They form a large part of Rotterdam's multi ethnic and multicultural diversity. 47.7% of the population are of non Dutch origins or have at least one parent born outside the country. There are 80,000 Muslims, constituting 13% of the population. The mayor of Rotterdam, <hl> Ahmed Aboutaleb <hl>, is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim. The city is home to the largest Dutch Antillean community. The city also has its own China Town at the (West-) Kruiskade, close to the central railway station.", "sentence_answer": "The mayor of Rotterdam, <hl> Ahmed Aboutaleb <hl> , is of Moroccan descent and is a practicing Muslim.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b90e2b22cd4dfcfc0077"}
{"question": "What equation do you use to determine the radius of the Earth?", "paragraph": "Consider as an example superimposing 3D Cartesian coordinates over all points on the Earth (i.e. geospatial 3D). What units make sense?   Kilometers are a good choice, since the original definition of the kilometer was geospatial...10,000 km equalling the surface distance from the Equator to the North Pole. Where to place the origin?  Based on symmetry, the gravitational center of the Earth suggests a natural landmark (which can be sensed via satellite orbits).  Finally, how to orient X, Y and Z axis directions?   The axis of Earth's spin provides a natural direction strongly associated with \"up vs. down\", so positive Z can adopt the direction from geocenter to North Pole. A location on the Equator is needed to define the X-axis, and the Prime Meridian stands out as a reference direction, so the X-axis takes the direction from geocenter out to [ 0 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. Note that with 3 dimensions, and two perpendicular axes directions pinned down for X and Z, the Y-axis is determined by the first two choices.  In order to obey the right hand rule, the Y-axis must point out from the geocenter to  [ 90 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. So what are the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building in New York City?   Using [ longitude = \u221273.985656, latitude = 40.748433 ], Earth radius = 40,000/2\u03c0, and transforming from spherical --> Cartesian coordinates, you can estimate the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building, [ x, y, z ] = [ 1330.53 km, \u20134635.75 km, 4155.46 km ].  GPS navigation relies on such geocentric coordinates.", "answer": "40,000/2\u03c0", "sentence": "  Using [ longitude = \u221273.985656, latitude = 40.748433 ], Earth radius = 40,000/2\u03c0 , and transforming from spherical --> Cartesian coordinates, you can estimate the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building, [ x, y, z ] =", "paragraph_sentence": "Consider as an example superimposing 3D Cartesian coordinates over all points on the Earth (i.e. geospatial 3D). What units make sense? Kilometers are a good choice, since the original definition of the kilometer was geospatial...10,000 km equalling the surface distance from the Equator to the North Pole. Where to place the origin? Based on symmetry, the gravitational center of the Earth suggests a natural landmark (which can be sensed via satellite orbits). Finally, how to orient X, Y and Z axis directions? The axis of Earth's spin provides a natural direction strongly associated with \"up vs. down\", so positive Z can adopt the direction from geocenter to North Pole. A location on the Equator is needed to define the X-axis, and the Prime Meridian stands out as a reference direction, so the X-axis takes the direction from geocenter out to [ 0 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. Note that with 3 dimensions, and two perpendicular axes directions pinned down for X and Z, the Y-axis is determined by the first two choices. In order to obey the right hand rule, the Y-axis must point out from the geocenter to [ 90 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. So what are the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building in New York City? <hl> Using [ longitude = \u221273.985656, latitude = 40.748433 ], Earth radius = 40,000/2\u03c0 , and transforming from spherical --> Cartesian coordinates, you can estimate the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building, [ x, y, z ] = <hl> [ 1330.53 km, \u20134635.75 km, 4155.46 km ]. GPS navigation relies on such geocentric coordinates.", "paragraph_answer": "Consider as an example superimposing 3D Cartesian coordinates over all points on the Earth (i.e. geospatial 3D). What units make sense? Kilometers are a good choice, since the original definition of the kilometer was geospatial...10,000 km equalling the surface distance from the Equator to the North Pole. Where to place the origin? Based on symmetry, the gravitational center of the Earth suggests a natural landmark (which can be sensed via satellite orbits). Finally, how to orient X, Y and Z axis directions? The axis of Earth's spin provides a natural direction strongly associated with \"up vs. down\", so positive Z can adopt the direction from geocenter to North Pole. A location on the Equator is needed to define the X-axis, and the Prime Meridian stands out as a reference direction, so the X-axis takes the direction from geocenter out to [ 0 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. Note that with 3 dimensions, and two perpendicular axes directions pinned down for X and Z, the Y-axis is determined by the first two choices. In order to obey the right hand rule, the Y-axis must point out from the geocenter to [ 90 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. So what are the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building in New York City? Using [ longitude = \u221273.985656, latitude = 40.748433 ], Earth radius = <hl> 40,000/2\u03c0 <hl>, and transforming from spherical --> Cartesian coordinates, you can estimate the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building, [ x, y, z ] = [ 1330.53 km, \u20134635.75 km, 4155.46 km ]. GPS navigation relies on such geocentric coordinates.", "sentence_answer": " Using [ longitude = \u221273.985656, latitude = 40.748433 ], Earth radius = <hl> 40,000/2\u03c0 <hl> , and transforming from spherical --> Cartesian coordinates, you can estimate the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building, [ x, y, z ] =", "paragraph_id": "5d66789e2b22cd4dfcfbe03c"}
{"question": "What name is shown first on Indian passports?", "paragraph": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "answer": "surname", "sentence": "Indian surname s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Indian surname s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. <hl> However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Indian <hl> surname <hl>s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Indian <hl> surname <hl> s may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a5362b22cd4dfcfbfee3"}
{"question": "How many jobs were lost during the Great Recession?", "paragraph": "The U.S. economy created between 18-21 million jobs in each of the three decades from 1970-2000, an average of approximately 165,500/month during that span. From January 2000 to January 2008 (the pre-recession peak), job creation averaged 77,000 jobs/month. Excluding the early 2000s recession, from January 2003-January 2008 the U.S. created 128,000 jobs/month. During the Great Recession, 8.5 million jobs were lost from the peak in early 2008 to the trough in February 2010. By September 2012, approximately 4.3 million jobs were added back, still 4.2 million below the pre-crisis peak. During 2011 and 2012, job creation averaged 153,000 and 151,000 jobs/month respectively.", "answer": "8.5 million", "sentence": "During the Great Recession, 8.5 million jobs were lost from the peak in early 2008 to the trough in February 2010.", "paragraph_sentence": "The U.S. economy created between 18-21 million jobs in each of the three decades from 1970-2000, an average of approximately 165,500/month during that span. From January 2000 to January 2008 (the pre-recession peak), job creation averaged 77,000 jobs/month. Excluding the early 2000s recession, from January 2003-January 2008 the U.S. created 128,000 jobs/month. <hl> During the Great Recession, 8.5 million jobs were lost from the peak in early 2008 to the trough in February 2010. <hl> By September 2012, approximately 4.3 million jobs were added back, still 4.2 million below the pre-crisis peak. During 2011 and 2012, job creation averaged 153,000 and 151,000 jobs/month respectively.", "paragraph_answer": "The U.S. economy created between 18-21 million jobs in each of the three decades from 1970-2000, an average of approximately 165,500/month during that span. From January 2000 to January 2008 (the pre-recession peak), job creation averaged 77,000 jobs/month. Excluding the early 2000s recession, from January 2003-January 2008 the U.S. created 128,000 jobs/month. During the Great Recession, <hl> 8.5 million <hl> jobs were lost from the peak in early 2008 to the trough in February 2010. By September 2012, approximately 4.3 million jobs were added back, still 4.2 million below the pre-crisis peak. During 2011 and 2012, job creation averaged 153,000 and 151,000 jobs/month respectively.", "sentence_answer": "During the Great Recession, <hl> 8.5 million <hl> jobs were lost from the peak in early 2008 to the trough in February 2010.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c702b22cd4dfcfbf589"}
{"question": "What city did the Luftwaffe bomb?", "paragraph": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "answer": "Belgrade", "sentence": "During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe.", "paragraph_sentence": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. <hl> During the invasion, Belgrade was bombed by the Luftwaffe. <hl> The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "paragraph_answer": "On 6 April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded from all sides by the Axis powers, primarily by German forces, but also including Italian, Hungarian and Bulgarian formations. During the invasion, <hl> Belgrade <hl> was bombed by the Luftwaffe. The invasion lasted little more than ten days, ending with the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army on 17 April. Besides being hopelessly ill-equipped when compared to the Wehrmacht, the Army attempted to defend all borders but only managed to thinly spread the limited resources available.", "sentence_answer": "During the invasion, <hl> Belgrade <hl> was bombed by the Luftwaffe.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fb8f2b22cd4dfcfc04cf"}
{"question": "Which approaches has the scope of neuroscience broadened to include?", "paragraph": "The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system. The techniques used by neuroscientists have also expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual nerve cells to imaging of sensory and motor tasks in the brain. Recent theoretical advances in neuroscience have also been aided by the study of neural networks.", "answer": "molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system", "sentence": "The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system . <hl> The techniques used by neuroscientists have also expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual nerve cells to imaging of sensory and motor tasks in the brain. Recent theoretical advances in neuroscience have also been aided by the study of neural networks.", "paragraph_answer": "The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the <hl> molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system <hl>. The techniques used by neuroscientists have also expanded enormously, from molecular and cellular studies of individual nerve cells to imaging of sensory and motor tasks in the brain. Recent theoretical advances in neuroscience have also been aided by the study of neural networks.", "sentence_answer": "The scope of neuroscience has broadened to include different approaches used to study the <hl> molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, functional, evolutionary, computational, and medical aspects of the nervous system <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67aabc2b22cd4dfcfbff75"}
{"question": "In the recent national elections, what percent of the black vote have republicans been winning?", "paragraph": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "answer": "under 15%", "sentence": "While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012).", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. <hl> While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). <hl> The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning <hl> under 15% <hl> of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "sentence_answer": "While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning <hl> under 15% <hl> of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012).", "paragraph_id": "5d6715672b22cd4dfcfbee81"}
{"question": "In whose band was Eduard Lefebre a soloist?", "paragraph": "The classical  saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "answer": "Sousa", "sentence": "However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911.", "paragraph_sentence": "The classical saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. <hl> However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the Sousa band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. <hl> Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The classical saxophone quartet consists of the soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, and baritone saxophone. There is a repertoire of classical compositions and arrangements for the SATB instrumentation dating back to the nineteenth century, particularly by French composers who knew Adolphe Sax. Classical saxophone quartets include Quatuor Habanera, the h2 quartet, Rasch\u00e8r Saxophone Quartet, the Aurelia Saxophone Quartet, the New Century Saxophone Quartet, and others. Historically, the quartets led by Marcel Mule and Daniel Deffayet, saxophone professors at the Conservatoire de Paris, were started in 1928 and 1953, respectively, and were highly regarded. The Mule quartet is often considered the prototype for future quartets, due the level of virtuosity demonstrated by its members and its central role in the development of the quartet repertoire. However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the <hl> Sousa <hl> band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911. Other ensembles most likely existed at this time as part of the saxophone sections of the many touring professional bands that existed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "However, organised quartets did exist before Mule's ensemble, the prime example being the quartet headed by Eduard Lefebre (1834\u20131911), former soloist with the <hl> Sousa <hl> band, in the United States c. 1904\u20131911.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725f22b22cd4dfcfbf0dd"}
{"question": "When did the Atlantic slave trade take place?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "answer": "the 15th through to the 19th centuries", "sentence": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries . <hl> The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from <hl> the 15th through to the 19th centuries <hl>. The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "sentence_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from <hl> the 15th through to the 19th centuries <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65962f2b22cd4dfcfbca2d"}
{"question": "In what year did mainstream support for Windows XP end?", "paragraph": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009 .", "paragraph_sentence": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). <hl> Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, 2009 . <hl> Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions: the \"Home\" edition was targeted towards consumers, while the \"Professional\" edition was targeted towards business environments and power users, and included additional security and networking features. Home and Professional were later accompanied by the \"Media Center\" edition (designed for home theater PCs, with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards, DVR functionality, and remote controls), and the \"Tablet PC\" edition (designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer, with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications). Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, <hl> 2009 <hl>. Extended support ended on April 8, 2014.", "sentence_answer": "Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14, <hl> 2009 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6715792b22cd4dfcfbee8e"}
{"question": "Who was reelected in 1936", "paragraph": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "answer": "1936", "sentence": "Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. <hl> Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. <hl> Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "paragraph_answer": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in <hl> 1936 <hl> but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "sentence_answer": "Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in <hl> 1936 <hl> but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party.", "paragraph_id": "5d6741d02b22cd4dfcfbf421"}
{"question": "In which state do towns form the primary unit of local government?", "paragraph": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "answer": "New England", "sentence": "In some states, particularly in New England , towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "paragraph_sentence": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. <hl> In some states, particularly in New England , towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in <hl> New England <hl>, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "sentence_answer": "In some states, particularly in <hl> New England <hl> , towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "paragraph_id": "5d676f702b22cd4dfcfbfb8d"}
{"question": "In what year was the new Massachusetts charter issued?", "paragraph": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "answer": "1691", "sentence": "However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay.", "paragraph_sentence": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. <hl> However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in 1691 that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. <hl> Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "paragraph_answer": "Under King James II of England, the New England colonies (as well as New York and the Jerseys) were briefly united as the Dominion of New England (1686\u201389). The administration eventually led by Governor Sir Edmund Andros seized colonial charters, revoked land titles, and ruled without local assemblies, causing anger among the population. The 1689 Boston revolt, inspired by England's Glorious Revolution against James II, caused Andros, Boston Anglicans, and senior dominion officials to be arrested by the Massachusetts militia. Andros was jailed for several months, then returned to England. The Dominion of New England was dissolved and governments resumed under their earlier charters. However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in <hl> 1691 <hl> that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Although King William III sought at least to unite the New England colonies militarily (for example, by appointing the Earl of Bellomont to three simultaneous governorships, and military command over Connecticut and Rhode Island), these attempts at unified control failed.", "sentence_answer": "However, the Massachusetts charter had been revoked in 1684, and a new one was issued in <hl> 1691 <hl> that combined Massachusetts and Plymouth into the Province of Massachusetts Bay.", "paragraph_id": "5d661e042b22cd4dfcfbd93f"}
{"question": "How many jobs were added to the marked from March 2010 until September 2012?", "paragraph": "As part of the economic policy of Barack Obama, the United States Congress funded approximately $800 billion in spending and tax cuts via the February 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to stimulate the economy. Monthly job losses began slowing shortly thereafter. By March 2010, employment again began to rise. From March 2010 to September 2012, over 4.3 million jobs were added, with consecutive months of employment increases from October 2010 to December 2015. As of December 2015, employment of 143.2 million was 4.9 million above the pre-crisis peak in January 2008 of 138.3 million.", "answer": "over 4.3 million", "sentence": "From March 2010 to September 2012, over 4.3 million jobs were added, with consecutive months of employment increases from October 2010 to December 2015.", "paragraph_sentence": "As part of the economic policy of Barack Obama, the United States Congress funded approximately $800 billion in spending and tax cuts via the February 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to stimulate the economy. Monthly job losses began slowing shortly thereafter. By March 2010, employment again began to rise. <hl> From March 2010 to September 2012, over 4.3 million jobs were added, with consecutive months of employment increases from October 2010 to December 2015. <hl> As of December 2015, employment of 143.2 million was 4.9 million above the pre-crisis peak in January 2008 of 138.3 million.", "paragraph_answer": "As part of the economic policy of Barack Obama, the United States Congress funded approximately $800 billion in spending and tax cuts via the February 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to stimulate the economy. Monthly job losses began slowing shortly thereafter. By March 2010, employment again began to rise. From March 2010 to September 2012, <hl> over 4.3 million <hl> jobs were added, with consecutive months of employment increases from October 2010 to December 2015. As of December 2015, employment of 143.2 million was 4.9 million above the pre-crisis peak in January 2008 of 138.3 million.", "sentence_answer": "From March 2010 to September 2012, <hl> over 4.3 million <hl> jobs were added, with consecutive months of employment increases from October 2010 to December 2015.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ca032b22cd4dfcfc0227"}
{"question": "How likely are diabetics to die from cardiovascular-related health problems?", "paragraph": "Obesity and diabetes mellitus are often linked to cardiovascular disease, as are a history of chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolaemia.  In fact, cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening of the diabetic complications and diabetics are two- to four-fold more likely to die of cardiovascular-related causes than nondiabetics.", "answer": "two- to four-fold", "sentence": " In fact, cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening of the diabetic complications and diabetics are two- to four-fold more likely to die of cardiovascular-related causes than nondiabetics.", "paragraph_sentence": "Obesity and diabetes mellitus are often linked to cardiovascular disease, as are a history of chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolaemia. <hl> In fact, cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening of the diabetic complications and diabetics are two- to four-fold more likely to die of cardiovascular-related causes than nondiabetics. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Obesity and diabetes mellitus are often linked to cardiovascular disease, as are a history of chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolaemia. In fact, cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening of the diabetic complications and diabetics are <hl> two- to four-fold <hl> more likely to die of cardiovascular-related causes than nondiabetics.", "sentence_answer": " In fact, cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening of the diabetic complications and diabetics are <hl> two- to four-fold <hl> more likely to die of cardiovascular-related causes than nondiabetics.", "paragraph_id": "5d6610782b22cd4dfcfbd774"}
{"question": "When the east and west have been connected?", "paragraph": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores. Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft.", "answer": "recently", "sentence": "Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected.", "paragraph_sentence": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores. <hl> Only recently the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. <hl> Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft.", "paragraph_answer": "The rough terrain has historically put the costs of building highways and railroads that cross the Andes out of reach of most neighboring countries, even with modern civil engineering practices. For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores. Only <hl> recently <hl> the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected. Much of the transportation of passengers is done via aircraft.", "sentence_answer": "Only <hl> recently <hl> the ends of some highways that came rather close to one another from the east and the west have been connected.", "paragraph_id": "5d660b922b22cd4dfcfbd6cc"}
{"question": "October Revolution was carried out by which group?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Bolsheviks,", "sentence": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. <hl> This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. <hl> However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the <hl> Bolsheviks, <hl> who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "This was followed by the October Revolution by the <hl> Bolsheviks, <hl> who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815ea2b22cd4dfcfc058f"}
{"question": "In what year was Abraham Lincoln's Copper Union speech?", "paragraph": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "answer": "1860", "sentence": "The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. <hl> The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860 . <hl> The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "paragraph_answer": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in <hl> 1860 <hl>. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "sentence_answer": "The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in <hl> 1860 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6713be2b22cd4dfcfbee30"}
{"question": "With whom did the colonial assembly share power?", "paragraph": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "answer": "royally appointed governor", "sentence": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor . <hl> On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial assembly shared power with a <hl> royally appointed governor <hl>. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "sentence_answer": "The colonial assembly shared power with a <hl> royally appointed governor <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d662af82b22cd4dfcfbda7e"}
{"question": "What invention did these works predate?", "paragraph": "The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in philology. They are in part the subject matter of the field of Classics. Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts, published by Oxford University Press.", "answer": "printing", "sentence": "Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts, published by Oxford University Press.", "paragraph_sentence": "The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in philology. They are in part the subject matter of the field of Classics. <hl> Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of printing and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts, published by Oxford University Press. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The works of several hundred ancient authors who wrote in Latin have survived in whole or in part, in substantial works or in fragments to be analyzed in philology. They are in part the subject matter of the field of Classics. Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of <hl> printing <hl> and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts, published by Oxford University Press.", "sentence_answer": "Their works were published in manuscript form before the invention of <hl> printing <hl> and now exist in carefully annotated printed editions such as the Loeb Classical Library, published by Harvard University Press, or the Oxford Classical Texts, published by Oxford University Press.", "paragraph_id": "5d66204e2b22cd4dfcfbd98c"}
{"question": "How many individuals are part of the State Senate?", "paragraph": "The legislature is the General Assembly. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate (36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden by a two-thirds majority in each house. Per Article XV of the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year terms in November on even-numbered years. There also must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to 225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber, when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker of the House presides over the House. As of 2014[update], Brendan Sharkey is the Speaker of the House of Connecticut.", "answer": "36", "sentence": "The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate ( 36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives).", "paragraph_sentence": "The legislature is the General Assembly. <hl> The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate ( 36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). <hl> Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden by a two-thirds majority in each house. Per Article XV of the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year terms in November on even-numbered years. There also must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to 225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber, when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker of the House presides over the House. As of 2014[update], Brendan Sharkey is the Speaker of the House of Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "The legislature is the General Assembly. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate (<hl> 36 <hl> senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden by a two-thirds majority in each house. Per Article XV of the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year terms in November on even-numbered years. There also must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to 225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber, when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker of the House presides over the House. As of 2014[update], Brendan Sharkey is the Speaker of the House of Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate ( <hl> 36 <hl> senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives).", "paragraph_id": "5d65e49b2b22cd4dfcfbd172"}
{"question": "What is the unique facet of groups not necessarily shared by the larger division of the collective group?", "paragraph": "Diversity\nNorman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d  Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "answer": "Diversity", "sentence": "Diversity \nNorman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Diversity Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. <hl> \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Diversity <hl> Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems. \"Diversity is defined to be unique properties of entities, agents, or individuals that are not shared by the larger group, population, structure. Decentralized is defined as a property of a system where the agents have some ability to operate \"locally.\u201d Both decentralization and diversity are necessary attributes to achieve the self-organizing properties of interest.\"", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Diversity <hl> Norman L. Johnson writes that diversity plays an important role in decentralized systems like ecosystems, social groups, large organizations, political systems.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608eb2b22cd4dfcfbd661"}
{"question": "When was the first set of approximate colors for the U.S. flag shared to the public?", "paragraph": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1)  the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2)  defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "answer": "1998", "sentence": "One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998 ; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. <hl> One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998 ; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. <hl> A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as <hl> 1998 <hl>; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "sentence_answer": "One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as <hl> 1998 <hl> ; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set.", "paragraph_id": "5d6676092b22cd4dfcfbdfe9"}
{"question": "In acronyms, what did each letter represent?", "paragraph": "In English, abbreviations have traditionally been written with a full stop/period/point in place of the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters \u2013 although the colon and apostrophe have also had this role \u2013 and with a space after full stops (e.g. \"A. D.\"). In the case of most acronyms, each letter is an abbreviation of a separate word and, in theory, should get its own termination mark. Such punctuation is diminishing with the belief that the presence of all-capital letters is sufficient to indicate that the word is an abbreviation.", "answer": "an abbreviation of a separate word", "sentence": "In the case of most acronyms, each letter is an abbreviation of a separate word and, in theory, should get its own termination mark.", "paragraph_sentence": "In English, abbreviations have traditionally been written with a full stop/period/point in place of the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters \u2013 although the colon and apostrophe have also had this role \u2013 and with a space after full stops (e.g. \"A. D.\"). <hl> In the case of most acronyms, each letter is an abbreviation of a separate word and, in theory, should get its own termination mark. <hl> Such punctuation is diminishing with the belief that the presence of all-capital letters is sufficient to indicate that the word is an abbreviation.", "paragraph_answer": "In English, abbreviations have traditionally been written with a full stop/period/point in place of the deleted part to show the ellipsis of letters \u2013 although the colon and apostrophe have also had this role \u2013 and with a space after full stops (e.g. \"A. D.\"). In the case of most acronyms, each letter is <hl> an abbreviation of a separate word <hl> and, in theory, should get its own termination mark. Such punctuation is diminishing with the belief that the presence of all-capital letters is sufficient to indicate that the word is an abbreviation.", "sentence_answer": "In the case of most acronyms, each letter is <hl> an abbreviation of a separate word <hl> and, in theory, should get its own termination mark.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a3a32b22cd4dfcfbcaa5"}
{"question": "In 1991-1992 what was the name of the UK hardcore style released by Kevin?", "paragraph": "Kevin Saunderson released a series of bass-heavy, minimal techno cuts as Reese/The Reese Project in the late '80s which were hugely influential in drum and bass terms. One of his more famous basslines (Reese \u2013 \"Just Want Another Chance\", Incognito Records, 1988) was indeed sampled on Renegade's Terrorist and countless others since, being known simply as the 'Reese' bassline. He followed these up with equally influential (and bassline-heavy) tracks in the UK hardcore style as Tronik House in 1991\u20131992. Another Detroit artist who was important for the scene is Carl Craig. The sampled-up jazz break on Carl Craig's Bug in the Bassbin was also influential on the newly emerging sound, DJs at the Rage club used to play it pitched up (increased speed) as far as their Technics record decks would go.", "answer": "Tronik House", "sentence": "He followed these up with equally influential (and bassline-heavy) tracks in the UK hardcore style as Tronik House in 1991\u20131992.", "paragraph_sentence": "Kevin Saunderson released a series of bass-heavy, minimal techno cuts as Reese/The Reese Project in the late '80s which were hugely influential in drum and bass terms. One of his more famous basslines (Reese \u2013 \"Just Want Another Chance\", Incognito Records, 1988) was indeed sampled on Renegade's Terrorist and countless others since, being known simply as the 'Reese' bassline. <hl> He followed these up with equally influential (and bassline-heavy) tracks in the UK hardcore style as Tronik House in 1991\u20131992. <hl> Another Detroit artist who was important for the scene is Carl Craig. The sampled-up jazz break on Carl Craig's Bug in the Bassbin was also influential on the newly emerging sound, DJs at the Rage club used to play it pitched up (increased speed) as far as their Technics record decks would go.", "paragraph_answer": "Kevin Saunderson released a series of bass-heavy, minimal techno cuts as Reese/The Reese Project in the late '80s which were hugely influential in drum and bass terms. One of his more famous basslines (Reese \u2013 \"Just Want Another Chance\", Incognito Records, 1988) was indeed sampled on Renegade's Terrorist and countless others since, being known simply as the 'Reese' bassline. He followed these up with equally influential (and bassline-heavy) tracks in the UK hardcore style as <hl> Tronik House <hl> in 1991\u20131992. Another Detroit artist who was important for the scene is Carl Craig. The sampled-up jazz break on Carl Craig's Bug in the Bassbin was also influential on the newly emerging sound, DJs at the Rage club used to play it pitched up (increased speed) as far as their Technics record decks would go.", "sentence_answer": "He followed these up with equally influential (and bassline-heavy) tracks in the UK hardcore style as <hl> Tronik House <hl> in 1991\u20131992.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dcff2b22cd4dfcfbcfa4"}
{"question": "Cuba and the Philippines used to be territories but are now what?", "paragraph": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "answer": "independent countries", "sentence": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries . <hl> The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now <hl> independent countries <hl>. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "sentence_answer": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now <hl> independent countries <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6773922b22cd4dfcfbfc48"}
{"question": "Did women favor Republicans or Democrats?", "paragraph": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "answer": "Democrats", "sentence": "They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. <hl> They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. <hl> Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described <hl> Democrats <hl> had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "sentence_answer": "They found that self-described <hl> Democrats <hl> had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714892b22cd4dfcfbee66"}
{"question": "When did Connectitcut move down to the 30th most populous state?", "paragraph": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791, or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222 births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 41,718 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "answer": "2005", "sentence": "Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "paragraph_sentence": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791, or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222 births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 41,718 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. <hl> Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791, or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222 births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 41,718 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. Based on the <hl> 2005 <hl> estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "sentence_answer": "Based on the <hl> 2005 <hl> estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "paragraph_id": "5d66188b2b22cd4dfcfbd861"}
{"question": "Where did Thomas Chandler Haliburton go to school?", "paragraph": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "answer": "King's College School", "sentence": "This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier.", "paragraph_sentence": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". <hl> This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. <hl> Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "paragraph_answer": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at <hl> King's College School <hl> in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "sentence_answer": "This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at <hl> King's College School <hl> in that town in 1810 and earlier.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0c72b22cd4dfcfbd08a"}
{"question": "Which engineering model can be utilized in the composition of a dome?", "paragraph": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions. A dome is an example of a shell. They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "answer": "hanging-chain", "sentence": "They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "paragraph_sentence": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions. A dome is an example of a shell. <hl> They can be designed by making a hanging-chain model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Shells derive their strength from their form, and carry forces in compression in two directions. A dome is an example of a shell. They can be designed by making a <hl> hanging-chain <hl> model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "sentence_answer": "They can be designed by making a <hl> hanging-chain <hl> model, which will act as a catenary in pure tension, and inverting the form to achieve pure compression.", "paragraph_id": "5d675bf82b22cd4dfcfbf857"}
{"question": "Who was the chief architect of Istanbul during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent?", "paragraph": "The Ottomans quickly transformed the city from a bastion of Christianity to a symbol of Islamic culture. Religious foundations were established to fund the construction of ornate imperial mosques, often adjoined by schools, hospitals, and public baths. The Ottoman Dynasty claimed the status of caliphate in 1517, with Istanbul remaining the capital of this last caliphate for four centuries. Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect Mimar Sinan designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished. The population of Istanbul was 570,000 by the end of the 18th century.", "answer": "Mimar Sinan", "sentence": "Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect Mimar Sinan designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Ottomans quickly transformed the city from a bastion of Christianity to a symbol of Islamic culture. Religious foundations were established to fund the construction of ornate imperial mosques, often adjoined by schools, hospitals, and public baths. The Ottoman Dynasty claimed the status of caliphate in 1517, with Istanbul remaining the capital of this last caliphate for four centuries. <hl> Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect Mimar Sinan designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished. <hl> The population of Istanbul was 570,000 by the end of the 18th century.", "paragraph_answer": "The Ottomans quickly transformed the city from a bastion of Christianity to a symbol of Islamic culture. Religious foundations were established to fund the construction of ornate imperial mosques, often adjoined by schools, hospitals, and public baths. The Ottoman Dynasty claimed the status of caliphate in 1517, with Istanbul remaining the capital of this last caliphate for four centuries. Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect <hl> Mimar Sinan <hl> designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished. The population of Istanbul was 570,000 by the end of the 18th century.", "sentence_answer": "Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect <hl> Mimar Sinan <hl> designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e41f2b22cd4dfcfbd14d"}
{"question": "What discipline focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders?", "paragraph": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "answer": "Psychiatry", "sentence": "Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. <hl> Psychiatry focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. <hl> Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "paragraph_answer": "Neurology, psychiatry, neurosurgery, psychosurgery, anesthesiology and pain medicine, neuropathology, neuroradiology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, clinical neurophysiology, addiction medicine, and sleep medicine are some medical specialties that specifically address the diseases of the nervous system. These terms also refer to clinical disciplines involving diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Neurology works with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and stroke, and their medical treatment. <hl> Psychiatry <hl> focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders. Anesthesiology focuses on perception of pain, and pharmacologic alteration of consciousness. Neuropathology focuses upon the classification and underlying pathogenic mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system and muscle diseases, with an emphasis on morphologic, microscopic, and chemically observable alterations. Neurosurgery and psychosurgery work primarily with surgical treatment of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The boundaries between these specialties have been blurring recently as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Brain imaging also enables objective, biological insights into mental illness, which can lead to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and help assess patient progress over time.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Psychiatry <hl> focuses on affective, behavioral, cognitive, and perceptual disorders.", "paragraph_id": "5d672dad2b22cd4dfcfbf1c4"}
{"question": "Who are some of the artists sampled regardless of their general influence?", "paragraph": "By the late 1980s and early 1990s the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore, which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared the same use of broken beats.  Drum and bass shares many musical characteristics with hip-hop, though it is nowadays mostly stripped of lyrics. Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A, Kid Frost, Wu-Tang Clan, Dr. Dre, Mos Def, Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence.", "answer": "Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A", "sentence": "Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A , Kid Frost, Wu-Tang Clan, Dr. Dre, Mos Def, Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the late 1980s and early 1990s the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore, which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared the same use of broken beats. Drum and bass shares many musical characteristics with hip-hop, though it is nowadays mostly stripped of lyrics. <hl> Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A , Kid Frost, Wu-Tang Clan, Dr. Dre, Mos Def, Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "By the late 1980s and early 1990s the tradition of breakbeat use in hip hop production had influenced the sound of breakbeat hardcore, which in turn led to the emergence of jungle, drum and bass, and other genres that shared the same use of broken beats. Drum and bass shares many musical characteristics with hip-hop, though it is nowadays mostly stripped of lyrics. <hl> Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A <hl>, Kid Frost, Wu-Tang Clan, Dr. Dre, Mos Def, Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Grandmaster Flash, Roger Troutman, Afrika Bambaata, Run DMC, Mac Dre, Public Enemy, Schooly D, N.W.A <hl> , Kid Frost, Wu-Tang Clan, Dr. Dre, Mos Def, Beastie Boys and the Pharcyde are very often directly sampled, regardless of their general influence.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ddf92b22cd4dfcfbcfed"}
{"question": "What style of music were early mouthpieces designed for?", "paragraph": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing. Among classical mouthpieces, those with a concave (\"excavated\") chamber are more true to Adolphe Sax's original design; these provide a softer or less piercing tone favored by some saxophonists, including students of Sigurd Rasch\u00e8r, for classical playing. Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by Marcel Mule, generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces. The use of the saxophone in dance orchestras and jazz ensembles put a premium on dynamic range, projection, and tonal richness, leading to rapid innovation in chamber shape and tip design, and metal construction.  At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle. These produce a bright sound with maximum projection, suitable for having a sound stand out among amplified instruments and typical of modern pop and smooth jazz. Most saxophonists who play different styles have a mouthpiece suited for each style.", "answer": "classical", "sentence": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing. <hl> Among classical mouthpieces, those with a concave (\"excavated\") chamber are more true to Adolphe Sax's original design; these provide a softer or less piercing tone favored by some saxophonists, including students of Sigurd Rasch\u00e8r, for classical playing. Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by Marcel Mule, generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces. The use of the saxophone in dance orchestras and jazz ensembles put a premium on dynamic range, projection, and tonal richness, leading to rapid innovation in chamber shape and tip design, and metal construction. At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle. These produce a bright sound with maximum projection, suitable for having a sound stand out among amplified instruments and typical of modern pop and smooth jazz. Most saxophonists who play different styles have a mouthpiece suited for each style.", "paragraph_answer": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for <hl> classical <hl> playing. Among classical mouthpieces, those with a concave (\"excavated\") chamber are more true to Adolphe Sax's original design; these provide a softer or less piercing tone favored by some saxophonists, including students of Sigurd Rasch\u00e8r, for classical playing. Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by Marcel Mule, generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces. The use of the saxophone in dance orchestras and jazz ensembles put a premium on dynamic range, projection, and tonal richness, leading to rapid innovation in chamber shape and tip design, and metal construction. At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle. These produce a bright sound with maximum projection, suitable for having a sound stand out among amplified instruments and typical of modern pop and smooth jazz. Most saxophonists who play different styles have a mouthpiece suited for each style.", "sentence_answer": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for <hl> classical <hl> playing.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb052b22cd4dfcfc00be"}
{"question": "What is overall alcohol consumption associated with.", "paragraph": "The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is complex, and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed. There is a direct relationship between high levels of alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease.  Drinking at low levels without episodes of heavy drinking may be associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.\nOverall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits.", "answer": "Overall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits.", "sentence": "\n Overall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits.", "paragraph_sentence": "The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is complex, and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed. There is a direct relationship between high levels of alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease. Drinking at low levels without episodes of heavy drinking may be associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. <hl> Overall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease is complex, and may depend on the amount of alcohol consumed. There is a direct relationship between high levels of alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease. Drinking at low levels without episodes of heavy drinking may be associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. <hl> Overall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits. <hl>", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Overall alcohol consumption at the population level is associated with multiple health risks that exceed any potential benefits. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1ac2b22cd4dfcfbcbae"}
{"question": "What is one of their most visited museums?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "answer": "Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum", "sentence": "Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. <hl> Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. <hl> The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the <hl> Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum <hl> and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the <hl> Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum <hl> and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f2882b22cd4dfcfbd38f"}
{"question": "Who declares that the flags of a state should fly at half mast?", "paragraph": "The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning. Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor. In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half-staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. However, many flag enthusiasts feel this type of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens.", "answer": "the governor", "sentence": "Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor .", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning. <hl> Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by the governor . <hl> In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half-staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. However, many flag enthusiasts feel this type of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens.", "paragraph_answer": "The flag is displayed at half-staff (half-mast in naval usage) as a sign of respect or mourning. Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by <hl> the governor <hl>. In addition, there is no prohibition against municipal governments, private businesses or citizens flying the flag at half-staff as a local sign of respect and mourning. However, many flag enthusiasts feel this type of practice has somewhat diminished the meaning of the original intent of lowering the flag to honor those who held high positions in federal or state offices. President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first proclamation on March 1, 1954, standardizing the dates and time periods for flying the flag at half-staff from all federal buildings, grounds, and naval vessels; other congressional resolutions and presidential proclamations ensued. However, they are only guidelines to all other entities: typically followed at state and local government facilities, and encouraged of private businesses and citizens.", "sentence_answer": "Nationwide, this action is proclaimed by the president; statewide or territory-wide, the proclamation is made by <hl> the governor <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5712b22cd4dfcfbcc8c"}
{"question": "What helps bolster high technology startup companies in Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "answer": "New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center", "sentence": "High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center , including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity.", "paragraph_sentence": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. <hl> High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center , including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. <hl> Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "paragraph_answer": "Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high tech enterprises, utilizing the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, game design, financial technology (\"fintech\"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by the New York City metropolitan area's venture capital investments, amounting to over US$3.7 billion across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises in the first half of 2015, and its entrepreneurship ecosystem. High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by <hl> New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center <hl>, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of October 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector, with a significant proportion in Manhattan.", "sentence_answer": "High technology startup companies and employment, which are growing mostly in Manhattan, as well as in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region, are bolstered by <hl> New York City's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center <hl> , including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity.", "paragraph_id": "5d6847d42b22cd4dfcfc06b2"}
{"question": "What is the acronym for download?", "paragraph": "The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"DL\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. Although prescriptivist disdain for such neologism is fashionable, and can be useful when the goal is protecting message receivers from crypticness, it is scientifically groundless when couched as preserving the \"purity\" or \"legitimacy\" of language; this neologism is merely the latest instance of a perennial linguistic principle\u2014the same one that in the 19th century prompted the aforementioned abbreviation of corporation names in places where space for writing was limited (e.g., ticker tape, newspaper column inches).", "answer": "DL", "sentence": "To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \" DL \" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream.", "paragraph_sentence": "The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). <hl> To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \" DL \" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. <hl> Although prescriptivist disdain for such neologism is fashionable, and can be useful when the goal is protecting message receivers from crypticness, it is scientifically groundless when couched as preserving the \"purity\" or \"legitimacy\" of language; this neologism is merely the latest instance of a perennial linguistic principle\u2014the same one that in the 19th century prompted the aforementioned abbreviation of corporation names in places where space for writing was limited (e.g., ticker tape, newspaper column inches).", "paragraph_answer": "The use of acronyms has been further popularized with the emergence of Short Message Systems (SMS). To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \"<hl> DL <hl>\" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream. Although prescriptivist disdain for such neologism is fashionable, and can be useful when the goal is protecting message receivers from crypticness, it is scientifically groundless when couched as preserving the \"purity\" or \"legitimacy\" of language; this neologism is merely the latest instance of a perennial linguistic principle\u2014the same one that in the 19th century prompted the aforementioned abbreviation of corporation names in places where space for writing was limited (e.g., ticker tape, newspaper column inches).", "sentence_answer": "To fit messages into the 160-character limit of SMS, acronyms such as \"GF\" (girlfriend), \"LOL\" (laughing out loud), and \" <hl> DL <hl> \" (download or down low) have been popularized into the mainstream.", "paragraph_id": "5d657b002b22cd4dfcfbc968"}
{"question": "When was it founded and why?", "paragraph": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "answer": "was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country.", "sentence": "The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. <hl> The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. <hl> For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "paragraph_answer": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), <hl> was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. <hl> Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "sentence_answer": "The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), <hl> was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. <hl> Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702d92b22cd4dfcfbea4f"}
{"question": "Why is the use of global variables generally deemed unwise?", "paragraph": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "answer": "because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables", "sentence": "For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables .", "paragraph_sentence": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. <hl> For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables . <hl> If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "paragraph_answer": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, <hl> because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables <hl>. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "sentence_answer": "For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, <hl> because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67e04a2b22cd4dfcfc036e"}
{"question": "What kind of ice is first to form during the winter?", "paragraph": "During winter, fast ice, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers. Level ice, ice sludge, pancake ice, and rafter ice form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the Arctic, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms pack ice, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores.", "answer": "fast ice", "sentence": "During winter, fast ice , which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During winter, fast ice , which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers. <hl> Level ice, ice sludge, pancake ice, and rafter ice form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the Arctic, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms pack ice, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores.", "paragraph_answer": "During winter, <hl> fast ice <hl>, which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers. Level ice, ice sludge, pancake ice, and rafter ice form in the more open regions. The gleaming expanse of ice is similar to the Arctic, with wind-driven pack ice and ridges up to 15 m (49 ft). Offshore of the landfast ice, the ice remains very dynamic all year, and it is relatively easily moved around by winds and therefore forms pack ice, made up of large piles and ridges pushed against the landfast ice and shores.", "sentence_answer": "During winter, <hl> fast ice <hl> , which is attached to the shoreline, develops first, rendering ports unusable without the services of icebreakers.", "paragraph_id": "5d66151b2b22cd4dfcfbd80c"}
{"question": "How many jobs per month are needed to close the job gap by 2017", "paragraph": "From January to November 2012, the U.S. added approximately 151,000 jobs per month on average.\nEach month, The Hamilton Project examines the \"jobs gap,\" which is the number of jobs that the U.S. economy needs to create in order to return to pre-recession employment levels while also absorbing the people who enter the labor force each month. Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; 320,000 by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015. During the prosperous 1990's decade, the U.S. created an average of 182,000 jobs/month.", "answer": "320,000", "sentence": "Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; 320,000 by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015.", "paragraph_sentence": "From January to November 2012, the U.S. added approximately 151,000 jobs per month on average. Each month, The Hamilton Project examines the \"jobs gap,\" which is the number of jobs that the U.S. economy needs to create in order to return to pre-recession employment levels while also absorbing the people who enter the labor force each month. <hl> Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; 320,000 by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015. <hl> During the prosperous 1990's decade, the U.S. created an average of 182,000 jobs/month.", "paragraph_answer": "From January to November 2012, the U.S. added approximately 151,000 jobs per month on average. Each month, The Hamilton Project examines the \"jobs gap,\" which is the number of jobs that the U.S. economy needs to create in order to return to pre-recession employment levels while also absorbing the people who enter the labor force each month. Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; <hl> 320,000 <hl> by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015. During the prosperous 1990's decade, the U.S. created an average of 182,000 jobs/month.", "sentence_answer": "Job creation would have to average 208,000 per month to close the gap by 2020; <hl> 320,000 <hl> by 2017; or 472,000 by mid-2015.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2ac2b22cd4dfcfbe6f0"}
{"question": "Where is the source for much of the sedimentary rock in California?", "paragraph": "The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age, the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. They are dark colored hornfels, slates, marbles, and schists, and are found in the western foothills (notably around Coarsegold and west of the Tehachapi Pass) and also east of the Sierra Crest. The earliest granite of the Sierra started to form in the Triassic period. This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N. In the Triassic and into the Jurassic, an island arc collided with the west coast of North America and raised a chain of volcanoes, in an event called the Nevadan orogeny. Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley, which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "answer": "Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley", "sentence": "Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley , which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "paragraph_sentence": "The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age, the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. They are dark colored hornfels, slates, marbles, and schists, and are found in the western foothills (notably around Coarsegold and west of the Tehachapi Pass) and also east of the Sierra Crest. The earliest granite of the Sierra started to form in the Triassic period. This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N. In the Triassic and into the Jurassic, an island arc collided with the west coast of North America and raised a chain of volcanoes, in an event called the Nevadan orogeny. <hl> Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley , which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age, the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. They are dark colored hornfels, slates, marbles, and schists, and are found in the western foothills (notably around Coarsegold and west of the Tehachapi Pass) and also east of the Sierra Crest. The earliest granite of the Sierra started to form in the Triassic period. This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N. In the Triassic and into the Jurassic, an island arc collided with the west coast of North America and raised a chain of volcanoes, in an event called the Nevadan orogeny. Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent <hl> Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley <hl>, which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "sentence_answer": "Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent <hl> Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley <hl> , which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f16c2b22cd4dfcfbe6ae"}
{"question": "What are two different names for the type of axis involved?", "paragraph": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "answer": "coordinate axis or just axis", "sentence": "Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0).", "paragraph_sentence": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. <hl> Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). <hl> The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "paragraph_answer": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a <hl> coordinate axis or just axis <hl> of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "sentence_answer": "Each reference line is called a <hl> coordinate axis or just axis <hl> of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0).", "paragraph_id": "5d66141b2b22cd4dfcfbd7d9"}
{"question": "What type of language is Latin in traditional terminology?", "paragraph": "Latin is a synthetic, fusional language, in the terminology of linguistic typology. In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language, although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\". Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word. This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very compact sentence elements. For example, am\u014d, \"I love,\" is produced from a semantic element, ama-, \"love,\" to which -\u014d, a first person singular marker, is suffixed.", "answer": "inflected language", "sentence": "In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language , although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Latin is a synthetic, fusional language, in the terminology of linguistic typology. <hl> In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language , although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\". <hl> Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word. This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very compact sentence elements. For example, am\u014d, \"I love,\" is produced from a semantic element, ama-, \"love,\" to which -\u014d, a first person singular marker, is suffixed.", "paragraph_answer": "Latin is a synthetic, fusional language, in the terminology of linguistic typology. In more traditional terminology, it is an <hl> inflected language <hl>, although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\". Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word. This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very compact sentence elements. For example, am\u014d, \"I love,\" is produced from a semantic element, ama-, \"love,\" to which -\u014d, a first person singular marker, is suffixed.", "sentence_answer": "In more traditional terminology, it is an <hl> inflected language <hl> , although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3422b22cd4dfcfbd3a0"}
{"question": "Why are large areas being reclaimed with only 8mm of uplift per year?", "paragraph": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "answer": "In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping", "sentence": "In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping , leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "paragraph_sentence": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. <hl> In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping , leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The land is still emerging isostatically from its depressed state, which was caused by the weight of ice during the last glaciation. The phenomenon is known as post-glacial rebound. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. The uplift is about eight millimetres per year on the Finnish coast of the northernmost Gulf of Bothnia. <hl> In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping <hl>, leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In the area, the former seabed is only gently sloping <hl> , leading to large areas of land being reclaimed in what are, geologically speaking, relatively short periods (decades and centuries).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7b42b22cd4dfcfbcd00"}
{"question": "How much magnetic fields can a 3Kg superconducting weighing magnet produce?", "paragraph": "The niobium-tin compound Nb3Sn is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T). A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons.", "answer": "A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons", "sentence": "A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons .", "paragraph_sentence": "The niobium-tin compound Nb3Sn is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T). <hl> A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The niobium-tin compound Nb3Sn is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T). <hl> A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6711102b22cd4dfcfbed3a"}
{"question": "What shows that if a first-order theory has an infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain.  Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem", "sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. <hl> In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem <hl> shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem <hl> shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a6022b22cd4dfcfbe3ac"}
{"question": "What was the newly formed communist Yugoslav state called?", "paragraph": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "answer": "Democratic Federal Yugoslavia", "sentence": "The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_sentence": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. <hl> The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called Democratic Federal Yugoslavia in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Communist insurrection against Axis occupation took place in several countries. In China, the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong reluctantly abandoned the civil war with the Kuomintang and cooperated with it against Japanese occupation forces. In Yugoslavia, the communist Yugoslav Partisans led by Josip Broz Tito, held up an effective guerrilla resistance movement to the Axis occupiers. The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called <hl> Democratic Federal Yugoslavia <hl> in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "sentence_answer": "The Partisans managed to form a communist Yugoslav state called <hl> Democratic Federal Yugoslavia <hl> in liberated territories in 1943 and by 1944, with the assistance of Soviet forces, seized control of Yugoslavia, entrenching a communist regime in Yugoslavia.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f51f2b22cd4dfcfbe782"}
{"question": "When was French Louisiana first settled?", "paragraph": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "answer": "around 1700", "sentence": "This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700 , and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718.", "paragraph_sentence": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. <hl> This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi around 1700 , and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. <hl> Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "paragraph_answer": "French claims to French Louisiana stretched thousands of miles from modern Louisiana north to the largely unexplored Midwest and west to the Rocky Mountains. It was generally divided into Upper and Lower Louisiana. This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi <hl> around 1700 <hl>, and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718. Settlement proceeded very slowly, and though New Orleans became an important port as the gateway to the Mississippi River, there was little other economic development because the city lacked a prosperous hinterland.", "sentence_answer": "This vast tract was first settled at Mobile and Biloxi <hl> around 1700 <hl> , and continued to grow when 7,000 French immigrants founded New Orleans in 1718.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e4662b22cd4dfcfbd15e"}
{"question": "What was Felix Guattari often considered to be?", "paragraph": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \"postmodernist\", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\". Such a trend might derive from U.S. departments of Comparative Literature. It is interesting to note that F\u00e9lix Guattari, often considered a \"postmodernist\", rejected its theoretical assumptions by arguing that the structuralist and postmodernist visions of the world were not flexible enough to seek explanations in psychological, social and environmental domains at the same time.", "answer": "postmodernist", "sentence": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \" postmodernist \", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \" postmodernist \", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\". <hl> Such a trend might derive from U.S. departments of Comparative Literature. It is interesting to note that F\u00e9lix Guattari, often considered a \"postmodernist\", rejected its theoretical assumptions by arguing that the structuralist and postmodernist visions of the world were not flexible enough to seek explanations in psychological, social and environmental domains at the same time.", "paragraph_answer": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \"<hl> postmodernist <hl>\", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\". Such a trend might derive from U.S. departments of Comparative Literature. It is interesting to note that F\u00e9lix Guattari, often considered a \"postmodernist\", rejected its theoretical assumptions by arguing that the structuralist and postmodernist visions of the world were not flexible enough to seek explanations in psychological, social and environmental domains at the same time.", "sentence_answer": "However, as for continental philosophy, American academics have tended to label it \" <hl> postmodernist <hl> \", especially practitioners of \"French Theory\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67d08a2b22cd4dfcfc028e"}
{"question": "What is an other term for \"directed graphs or states\"?", "paragraph": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges).  Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "answer": "nodes", "sentence": "For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states ( nodes ) and connections (directed edges).", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. <hl> For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states ( nodes ) and connections (directed edges). <hl> Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_answer": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (<hl> nodes <hl>) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "sentence_answer": "For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states ( <hl> nodes <hl> ) and connections (directed edges).", "paragraph_id": "5d6672932b22cd4dfcfbdf4a"}
{"question": "What were forced labor camps in the USSR known as, in it's early communist history?", "paragraph": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "answer": "Gulag", "sentence": "Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. <hl> Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. <hl> Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "paragraph_answer": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. <hl> Gulag <hl> forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Gulag <hl> forced labour camps were dismantled.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8432b22cd4dfcfbe858"}
{"question": "Where is it common to have surname in western cultures?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "placed after the personal or given name", "sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\").", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). <hl> In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is <hl> placed after the personal or given name <hl> (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "sentence_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is <hl> placed after the personal or given name <hl> (\"first name\").", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1132b22cd4dfcfc046a"}
{"question": "What area of the brain does intuitive reactions to situations about moral issues activate?", "paragraph": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area.", "answer": "the temporoparietal junction area", "sentence": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates <hl> the temporoparietal junction area <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates <hl> the temporoparietal junction area <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6768c92b22cd4dfcfbfa69"}
{"question": "When was Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP?", "paragraph": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "answer": "1912", "sentence": "Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912 , to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. <hl> Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912 , to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. <hl> Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "paragraph_answer": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in <hl> 1912 <hl>, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "sentence_answer": "Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in <hl> 1912 <hl> , to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership.", "paragraph_id": "5d6813002b22cd4dfcfc0550"}
{"question": "What did South Africans make a business out of?", "paragraph": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\" People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "answer": "capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them.", "sentence": "Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. <hl> Some Africans had made a business out of capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\" <hl> People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "paragraph_answer": "According to John K. Thornton, Europeans usually bought enslaved people who were captured in endemic warfare between African states. Some Africans had made a business out of <hl> capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. <hl> A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\" People living around the Niger River were transported from these markets to the coast and sold at European trading ports in exchange for muskets and manufactured goods such as cloth or alcohol. However, the European demand for slaves provided a large new market for the already existing trade. While those held in slavery in their own region of Africa might hope to escape, those shipped away had little chance of returning to Africa.", "sentence_answer": "Some Africans had made a business out of <hl> capturing Africans from neighboring ethnic groups or war captives and selling them. <hl> A reminder of this practice is documented in the Slave Trade Debates of England in the early 19th century: \"All the old writers... concur in stating not only that wars are entered into for the sole purpose of making slaves, but that they are fomented by Europeans, with a view to that object.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d669efd2b22cd4dfcfbe35f"}
{"question": "How many carbons do polyterpenes contain?", "paragraph": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "answer": "40 carbons", "sentence": "Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. <hl> Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. <hl> Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "paragraph_answer": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than <hl> 40 carbons <hl> are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "sentence_answer": "Structures containing greater than <hl> 40 carbons <hl> are known as polyterpenes.", "paragraph_id": "5d67512a2b22cd4dfcfbf6b8"}
{"question": "Internet Explorer 5.0 was released with what operating system?", "paragraph": "Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced the Windows Driver Model, support for USB composite devices, support for ACPI, hibernation, and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows 95). In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, an updated version of Windows 98. Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006.", "answer": "Windows 98 Second Edition", "sentence": "In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition , an updated version of Windows 98.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced the Windows Driver Model, support for USB composite devices, support for ACPI, hibernation, and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows 95). <hl> In May 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition , an updated version of Windows 98. <hl> Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, 1998, which introduced the Windows Driver Model, support for USB composite devices, support for ACPI, hibernation, and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update (a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows 95). In May 1999, Microsoft released <hl> Windows 98 Second Edition <hl>, an updated version of Windows 98. Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.0 and Windows Media Player 6.2 amongst other upgrades. Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002, and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, 2006.", "sentence_answer": "In May 1999, Microsoft released <hl> Windows 98 Second Edition <hl> , an updated version of Windows 98.", "paragraph_id": "5d670df52b22cd4dfcfbec64"}
{"question": "Are there any more allotropes?", "paragraph": "\u03b2-tin (the metallic form, or white tin), which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, \u03b1-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), is brittle. \u03b1-tin has a diamond cubic crystal structure, similar to diamond, silicon or germanium. \u03b1-tin has no metallic properties at all because its atoms form a covalent structure where electrons cannot move freely. It is a dull-gray powdery material with no common uses, other than a few specialized semiconductor applications. These two allotropes, \u03b1-tin and \u03b2-tin, are more commonly known as gray tin and white tin, respectively. Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F)  and pressures above several GPa. In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "answer": "Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F)  and pressures above several GPa", "sentence": "Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F)  and pressures above several GPa .", "paragraph_sentence": "\u03b2-tin (the metallic form, or white tin), which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, \u03b1-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), is brittle. \u03b1-tin has a diamond cubic crystal structure, similar to diamond, silicon or germanium. \u03b1-tin has no metallic properties at all because its atoms form a covalent structure where electrons cannot move freely. It is a dull-gray powdery material with no common uses, other than a few specialized semiconductor applications. These two allotropes, \u03b1-tin and \u03b2-tin, are more commonly known as gray tin and white tin, respectively. <hl> Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F) and pressures above several GPa . <hl> In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "paragraph_answer": "\u03b2-tin (the metallic form, or white tin), which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, \u03b1-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), is brittle. \u03b1-tin has a diamond cubic crystal structure, similar to diamond, silicon or germanium. \u03b1-tin has no metallic properties at all because its atoms form a covalent structure where electrons cannot move freely. It is a dull-gray powdery material with no common uses, other than a few specialized semiconductor applications. These two allotropes, \u03b1-tin and \u03b2-tin, are more commonly known as gray tin and white tin, respectively. <hl> Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F) and pressures above several GPa <hl>. In cold conditions, \u03b2-tin tends to transform spontaneously into \u03b1-tin, a phenomenon known as \"tin pest\". Although the \u03b1-\u03b2 transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 \u00b0C (55.8 \u00b0F), impurities (e.g. Al, Zn, etc.) lower the transition temperature well below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) and, on the addition of Sb or Bi, the transformation may not occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Two more allotropes, \u03b3 and \u03c3, exist at temperatures above 161 \u00b0C (322 \u00b0F) and pressures above several GPa <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66ed742b22cd4dfcfbe57a"}
{"question": "How much did Wall Street investment banking fees total in 2012?", "paragraph": "Manhattan's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry, metonymously known as Wall Street. The borough's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine for Manhattan, accounting in 2012 for 5 percent of private sector jobs in New York City, 8.5 percent (US$3.8 billion) of the city's tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US$360,700. Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled approximately US$40 billion, while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as US$324,000 annually.", "answer": "approximately US$40 billion", "sentence": "Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled approximately US$40 billion , while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as US$324,000 annually.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry, metonymously known as Wall Street. The borough's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine for Manhattan, accounting in 2012 for 5 percent of private sector jobs in New York City, 8.5 percent (US$3.8 billion) of the city's tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US$360,700. <hl> Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled approximately US$40 billion , while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as US$324,000 annually. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry, metonymously known as Wall Street. The borough's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine for Manhattan, accounting in 2012 for 5 percent of private sector jobs in New York City, 8.5 percent (US$3.8 billion) of the city's tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of US$360,700. Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled <hl> approximately US$40 billion <hl>, while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as US$324,000 annually.", "sentence_answer": "Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled <hl> approximately US$40 billion <hl> , while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as US$324,000 annually.", "paragraph_id": "5d6845c62b22cd4dfcfc06a0"}
{"question": "When were Cartesian planes invented?", "paragraph": "The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by Ren\u00e9 Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra. Using the Cartesian coordinate system, geometric shapes (such as curves) can be described by Cartesian equations: algebraic equations involving the coordinates of the points lying on the shape. For example, a circle of radius 2, centered at the origin of the plane, may be described as the set of all points whose coordinates x and y satisfy the equation x2 + y2 = 4.", "answer": "17th century", "sentence": "The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by Ren\u00e9 Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the 17th century by Ren\u00e9 Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra. <hl> Using the Cartesian coordinate system, geometric shapes (such as curves) can be described by Cartesian equations: algebraic equations involving the coordinates of the points lying on the shape. For example, a circle of radius 2, centered at the origin of the plane, may be described as the set of all points whose coordinates x and y satisfy the equation x2 + y2 = 4.", "paragraph_answer": "The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the <hl> 17th century <hl> by Ren\u00e9 Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra. Using the Cartesian coordinate system, geometric shapes (such as curves) can be described by Cartesian equations: algebraic equations involving the coordinates of the points lying on the shape. For example, a circle of radius 2, centered at the origin of the plane, may be described as the set of all points whose coordinates x and y satisfy the equation x2 + y2 = 4.", "sentence_answer": "The invention of Cartesian coordinates in the <hl> 17th century <hl> by Ren\u00e9 Descartes (Latinized name: Cartesius) revolutionized mathematics by providing the first systematic link between Euclidean geometry and algebra.", "paragraph_id": "5d661b802b22cd4dfcfbd8e7"}
{"question": "Is there are clear time frame for the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed", "sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed . <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl>. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that <hl> the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712412b22cd4dfcfbed7c"}
{"question": "What does the evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp show evidence of?", "paragraph": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world.  It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "answer": "the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops", "sentence": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops , dating back to 11,000 BP.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops , dating back to 11,000 BP. <hl> Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world. It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "paragraph_answer": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of <hl> the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops <hl>, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world. It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "sentence_answer": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of <hl> the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops <hl> , dating back to 11,000 BP.", "paragraph_id": "5d6740f62b22cd4dfcfbf402"}
{"question": "What two tribes were located on the western side of Sierra Nevada?", "paragraph": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "answer": "Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe", "sentence": "The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra.", "paragraph_sentence": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. <hl> The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. <hl> Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "paragraph_answer": "Archaeological excavations placed Martis people of Paleo-Indians in northcentral Sierra Nevada during the period of 3,000 BCE to 500 CE. The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the <hl> Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe <hl> on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra. Today, some mountain passes, such as Duck Pass with obsidian arrowheads, are artifact locations from historic intertribal trade route trails. The California and Sierra Native American tribes were predominantly peaceful, with occasional territorial disputes between the Paiute and Sierra Miwok tribes in the mountains. Washo and Maidu were also in this area prior to the era of European exploration and displacement.", "sentence_answer": "The earliest identified sustaining indigenous people in the Sierra Nevada were the Northern Paiute tribes on the east side, with the <hl> Mono tribe and Sierra Miwok tribe <hl> on the western side, and the Kawaiisu and Tubatulabal tribes in the southern Sierra.", "paragraph_id": "5d6705f72b22cd4dfcfbeae3"}
{"question": "How many daily travelers can be served by the Istanbul bus station?", "paragraph": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "answer": "600,000 passengers", "sentence": "Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers , serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "paragraph_sentence": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. <hl> Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers , serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and <hl> 600,000 passengers <hl>, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and <hl> 600,000 passengers <hl> , serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "paragraph_id": "5d66068e2b22cd4dfcfbd5f8"}
{"question": "who took the slaves to Montserrat ?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "Irish immigrants", "sentence": "Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. <hl> Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. <hl> Irish immigrants <hl> took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Irish immigrants <hl> took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_id": "5d665ff92b22cd4dfcfbdcf3"}
{"question": "What new group started to experience homelessness in the 2000s?", "paragraph": "Throughout this decade, homeless service providers and the Federal government have been able to reduce chronic homelessness and homelessness among Veterans with targeted efforts and interagency cooperation on initiatives like the HUD-VASH program. The 2000s, however, saw a new population of those experiencing homelessness: families with children. While an emerging problem at the beginning of the decade, the problem continued to persist through 2010. At the close of the decade the trend continued unabated, with the number of individuals in homeless families increasing from 431,541 in 2007 to 535,447 in 2009.", "answer": "families with children", "sentence": "The 2000s, however, saw a new population of those experiencing homelessness: families with children .", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout this decade, homeless service providers and the Federal government have been able to reduce chronic homelessness and homelessness among Veterans with targeted efforts and interagency cooperation on initiatives like the HUD-VASH program. <hl> The 2000s, however, saw a new population of those experiencing homelessness: families with children . <hl> While an emerging problem at the beginning of the decade, the problem continued to persist through 2010. At the close of the decade the trend continued unabated, with the number of individuals in homeless families increasing from 431,541 in 2007 to 535,447 in 2009.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout this decade, homeless service providers and the Federal government have been able to reduce chronic homelessness and homelessness among Veterans with targeted efforts and interagency cooperation on initiatives like the HUD-VASH program. The 2000s, however, saw a new population of those experiencing homelessness: <hl> families with children <hl>. While an emerging problem at the beginning of the decade, the problem continued to persist through 2010. At the close of the decade the trend continued unabated, with the number of individuals in homeless families increasing from 431,541 in 2007 to 535,447 in 2009.", "sentence_answer": "The 2000s, however, saw a new population of those experiencing homelessness: <hl> families with children <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6604582b22cd4dfcfbd5ae"}
{"question": "What is the major university in Rotterdam?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR), named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. The Woudestein campus houses (among others) Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe. In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management. The university is also home to Europe's largest student association, STAR Study Association Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the world's largest student association, AIESEC, has its international office in the city.", "answer": "Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR)", "sentence": "Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR) , named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Rotterdam has one major university, the Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR) , named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. <hl> The Woudestein campus houses (among others) Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe. In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management. The university is also home to Europe's largest student association, STAR Study Association Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the world's largest student association, AIESEC, has its international office in the city.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam has one major university, the <hl> Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR) <hl>, named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus. The Woudestein campus houses (among others) Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. In Financial Times' 2005 rankings it placed 29th globally and 7th in Europe. In the 2009 rankings of Masters of Management, the school reached first place with the CEMS Master in Management and a tenth place with its RSM Master in Management. The university is also home to Europe's largest student association, STAR Study Association Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the world's largest student association, AIESEC, has its international office in the city.", "sentence_answer": "Rotterdam has one major university, the <hl> Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR) <hl> , named after one of the city's famous former inhabitants, Desiderius Erasmus.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b86e2b22cd4dfcfc0048"}
{"question": "By is the first way by which Texas v. White allowed some possibility of divisibility?", "paragraph": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \"through revolution, or through consent of the States.\"", "answer": "through revolution", "sentence": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \" through revolution , or through consent of the States.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \" through revolution , or through consent of the States.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \"<hl> through revolution <hl>, or through consent of the States.\"", "sentence_answer": "The United States Supreme Court in Texas v. White held that political states do not have the right to secede, though it did allow some possibility of the divisibility \" <hl> through revolution <hl> , or through consent of the States.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5ba2b22cd4dfcfbe7bb"}
{"question": "What does RAM stand for?", "paragraph": "Another common example is RAM memory, which is redundant because RAM (random-access memory) includes the initial of the word memory. PIN stands for personal identification number, obviating the second word in PIN number; in this case its retention may be motivated to avoid ambiguity with the homophonous word \"pin\". Other examples include ATM machine (automated teller machine machine), EAB bank (European American Bank bank), CableACE Award (cable award for cable excellence award), DC Comics (Detective Comics Comics), HIV virus (human immunodeficiency virus virus), Microsoft's NT Technology (New Technology Technology) and the formerly redundant SAT test (Scholastic Achievement/Aptitude/Assessment Test test, now simply SAT Reasoning Test). TNN (The Nashville/National Network) also renamed itself The New TNN for a brief interlude.", "answer": "random-access memory", "sentence": "Another common example is RAM memory, which is redundant because RAM ( random-access memory ) includes the initial of the word memory.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Another common example is RAM memory, which is redundant because RAM ( random-access memory ) includes the initial of the word memory. <hl> PIN stands for personal identification number, obviating the second word in PIN number; in this case its retention may be motivated to avoid ambiguity with the homophonous word \"pin\". Other examples include ATM machine (automated teller machine machine), EAB bank (European American Bank bank), CableACE Award (cable award for cable excellence award), DC Comics (Detective Comics Comics), HIV virus (human immunodeficiency virus virus), Microsoft's NT Technology (New Technology Technology) and the formerly redundant SAT test (Scholastic Achievement/Aptitude/Assessment Test test, now simply SAT Reasoning Test). TNN (The Nashville/National Network) also renamed itself The New TNN for a brief interlude.", "paragraph_answer": "Another common example is RAM memory, which is redundant because RAM (<hl> random-access memory <hl>) includes the initial of the word memory. PIN stands for personal identification number, obviating the second word in PIN number; in this case its retention may be motivated to avoid ambiguity with the homophonous word \"pin\". Other examples include ATM machine (automated teller machine machine), EAB bank (European American Bank bank), CableACE Award (cable award for cable excellence award), DC Comics (Detective Comics Comics), HIV virus (human immunodeficiency virus virus), Microsoft's NT Technology (New Technology Technology) and the formerly redundant SAT test (Scholastic Achievement/Aptitude/Assessment Test test, now simply SAT Reasoning Test). TNN (The Nashville/National Network) also renamed itself The New TNN for a brief interlude.", "sentence_answer": "Another common example is RAM memory, which is redundant because RAM ( <hl> random-access memory <hl> ) includes the initial of the word memory.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a38e2b22cd4dfcfbca9a"}
{"question": "What is it called when an entire unit is substituted at once?", "paragraph": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "answer": "a line change", "sentence": "A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change .", "paragraph_sentence": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. <hl> A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change . <hl> Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "paragraph_answer": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called <hl> a line change <hl>. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "sentence_answer": "A substitution of an entire unit at once is called <hl> a line change <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6671502b22cd4dfcfbdf1a"}
{"question": "What did the Georgian Church disagree with?", "paragraph": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "answer": "the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon.", "sentence": "The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches.", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. <hl> The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. <hl> After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "paragraph_answer": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with <hl> the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. <hl> This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "sentence_answer": "The Georgian Church disagreed with <hl> the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. <hl> This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches.", "paragraph_id": "5d6577c42b22cd4dfcfbc92c"}
{"question": "When is the composition g \u2218 f only defined?", "paragraph": "That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y). In the notation \n\n\n\ng\n\u2218\nf\n\n\n{\\displaystyle g\\circ f}\n\n, the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order.  The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as \"g of f\" or \"g after f\". The composition \n\n\n\ng\n\u2218\nf\n\n\n{\\displaystyle g\\circ f}\n\n is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g. Assuming that, the composition in the opposite order \n\n\n\nf\n\u2218\ng\n\n\n{\\displaystyle f\\circ g}\n\n need not be defined. Even if it is, i.e., if the codomain of f is the codomain of g, it is not in general true that", "answer": "when the codomain of f is the domain of g", "sentence": "The composition \n\n\n\ng\n\u2218\nf\n\n\n{\\displaystyle g\\circ f}\n\n is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g .", "paragraph_sentence": "That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y). In the notation g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} , the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order. The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as \"g of f\" or \"g after f\". <hl> The composition g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g . <hl> Assuming that, the composition in the opposite order f \u2218 g {\\displaystyle f\\circ g} need not be defined. Even if it is, i.e., if the codomain of f is the codomain of g, it is not in general true that", "paragraph_answer": "That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y). In the notation g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} , the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order. The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as \"g of f\" or \"g after f\". The composition g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} is only defined <hl> when the codomain of f is the domain of g <hl>. Assuming that, the composition in the opposite order f \u2218 g {\\displaystyle f\\circ g} need not be defined. Even if it is, i.e., if the codomain of f is the codomain of g, it is not in general true that", "sentence_answer": "The composition g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} is only defined <hl> when the codomain of f is the domain of g <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660cd52b22cd4dfcfbd710"}
{"question": "What did French Connection refer to itself as at first?", "paragraph": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word). Some examples of contrived acronyms are USA PATRIOT, CAN SPAM, CAPTCHA and ACT UP. The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for \"French Connection United Kingdom.\" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "answer": "fcuk", "sentence": "The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk , standing for \"French Connection United Kingdom.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word). Some examples of contrived acronyms are USA PATRIOT, CAN SPAM, CAPTCHA and ACT UP. <hl> The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk , standing for \"French Connection United Kingdom.\" <hl> The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word). Some examples of contrived acronyms are USA PATRIOT, CAN SPAM, CAPTCHA and ACT UP. The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as <hl> fcuk <hl>, standing for \"French Connection United Kingdom.\" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "sentence_answer": "The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as <hl> fcuk <hl> , standing for \"French Connection United Kingdom.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65a6db2b22cd4dfcfbcac0"}
{"question": "What is the focal plane?", "paragraph": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "answer": "The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "sentence": "The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane.", "paragraph_sentence": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. <hl> The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "As mentioned above, a positive or converging lens in air focuses a collimated beam travelling along the lens axis to a spot (known as the focal point) at a distance f from the lens. Conversely, a point source of light placed at the focal point is converted into a collimated beam by the lens. These two cases are examples of image formation in lenses. In the former case, an object at an infinite distance (as represented by a collimated beam of waves) is focused to an image at the focal point of the lens. In the latter, an object at the focal length distance from the lens is imaged at infinity. <hl> The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The plane perpendicular to the lens axis situated at a distance f from the lens is called the focal plane. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d678bc92b22cd4dfcfbfe40"}
{"question": "What does R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate?", "paragraph": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and  R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and  R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature  is infinity.", "answer": "convex surfaces", "sentence": "Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and  R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and  R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces.", "paragraph_sentence": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. <hl> Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate convex surfaces (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. <hl> The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "paragraph_answer": "The signs of the lens' radii of curvature indicate whether the corresponding surfaces are convex or concave. The sign convention used to represent this varies, but in this article a positive R indicates a surface's center of curvature is further along in the direction of the ray travel (right, in the accompanying diagrams), while negative R means that rays reaching the surface have already passed the center of curvature. Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate <hl> convex surfaces <hl> (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature is called the curvature. A flat surface has zero curvature, and its radius of curvature is infinity.", "sentence_answer": "Consequently, for external lens surfaces as diagrammed above, R1 > 0 and R2 < 0 indicate <hl> convex surfaces <hl> (used to converge light in a positive lens), while R1 < 0 and R2 > 0 indicate concave surfaces.", "paragraph_id": "5d678c972b22cd4dfcfbfe49"}
{"question": "what is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines?", "paragraph": "Some tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "answer": "stannous chloride", "sentence": "In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. <hl> In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. <hl> The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "paragraph_answer": "Some tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. In the largest application, <hl> stannous chloride <hl> is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "sentence_answer": "In the largest application, <hl> stannous chloride <hl> is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines.", "paragraph_id": "5d6748812b22cd4dfcfbf4e3"}
{"question": "From where did the colonies adopt many of their practices of law?", "paragraph": "Many of the political structures of the colonies drew upon the republicanism expressed by opposition leaders in Britain, most notably the Commonwealth men and the Whig traditions. Many Americans at the time saw the colonies' systems of governance as modeled after the British constitution of the time, with the king corresponding to the governor, the House of Commons to the colonial assembly, and the House of Lords to the governor's council. The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn directly from English law; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but also throughout the United States. Eventually, it was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially political representation, and republicanism that led to the American Revolution.", "answer": "directly from English law", "sentence": "The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn directly from English law ; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but also throughout the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many of the political structures of the colonies drew upon the republicanism expressed by opposition leaders in Britain, most notably the Commonwealth men and the Whig traditions. Many Americans at the time saw the colonies' systems of governance as modeled after the British constitution of the time, with the king corresponding to the governor, the House of Commons to the colonial assembly, and the House of Lords to the governor's council. <hl> The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn directly from English law ; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but also throughout the United States. <hl> Eventually, it was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially political representation, and republicanism that led to the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Many of the political structures of the colonies drew upon the republicanism expressed by opposition leaders in Britain, most notably the Commonwealth men and the Whig traditions. Many Americans at the time saw the colonies' systems of governance as modeled after the British constitution of the time, with the king corresponding to the governor, the House of Commons to the colonial assembly, and the House of Lords to the governor's council. The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn <hl> directly from English law <hl>; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but also throughout the United States. Eventually, it was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially political representation, and republicanism that led to the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn <hl> directly from English law <hl> ; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but also throughout the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d6636cb2b22cd4dfcfbdaf8"}
{"question": "What was a result of agriculture and food production?", "paragraph": "The traditional view is that agricultural food production supported a denser population, which in turn supported larger sedentary communities, the accumulation of goods and tools, and specialization in diverse forms of new labor. The development of larger societies led to the development of different means of decision making and to governmental organization. Food surpluses made possible the development of a social elite who were not otherwise engaged in agriculture, industry or commerce, but dominated their communities by other means and monopolized decision-making. Jared Diamond (in The World Until Yesterday) identifies the availability of milk and/or cereal grains as permitting mothers to raise both an older (e.g. 3 or 4 year old) child and a younger child concurrently, whereas this was not possible previously.  The result is that a population can significantly more-rapidly increase its size than would otherwise be the case, resources permitting.", "answer": "a denser population", "sentence": "The traditional view is that agricultural food production supported a denser population , which in turn supported larger sedentary communities, the accumulation of goods and tools, and specialization in diverse forms of new labor.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The traditional view is that agricultural food production supported a denser population , which in turn supported larger sedentary communities, the accumulation of goods and tools, and specialization in diverse forms of new labor. <hl> The development of larger societies led to the development of different means of decision making and to governmental organization. Food surpluses made possible the development of a social elite who were not otherwise engaged in agriculture, industry or commerce, but dominated their communities by other means and monopolized decision-making. Jared Diamond (in The World Until Yesterday) identifies the availability of milk and/or cereal grains as permitting mothers to raise both an older (e.g. 3 or 4 year old) child and a younger child concurrently, whereas this was not possible previously. The result is that a population can significantly more-rapidly increase its size than would otherwise be the case, resources permitting.", "paragraph_answer": "The traditional view is that agricultural food production supported <hl> a denser population <hl>, which in turn supported larger sedentary communities, the accumulation of goods and tools, and specialization in diverse forms of new labor. The development of larger societies led to the development of different means of decision making and to governmental organization. Food surpluses made possible the development of a social elite who were not otherwise engaged in agriculture, industry or commerce, but dominated their communities by other means and monopolized decision-making. Jared Diamond (in The World Until Yesterday) identifies the availability of milk and/or cereal grains as permitting mothers to raise both an older (e.g. 3 or 4 year old) child and a younger child concurrently, whereas this was not possible previously. The result is that a population can significantly more-rapidly increase its size than would otherwise be the case, resources permitting.", "sentence_answer": "The traditional view is that agricultural food production supported <hl> a denser population <hl> , which in turn supported larger sedentary communities, the accumulation of goods and tools, and specialization in diverse forms of new labor.", "paragraph_id": "5d67cede2b22cd4dfcfc0270"}
{"question": "What metric of wealth was the yearly minimum wage less than?", "paragraph": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "answer": "poverty level", "sentence": "During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families.", "paragraph_sentence": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. <hl> During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. <hl> The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below <hl> poverty level <hl> for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "sentence_answer": "During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below <hl> poverty level <hl> for some families.", "paragraph_id": "5d67af792b22cd4dfcfbffab"}
{"question": "Long term Particulate matter exposure increased rates of what?", "paragraph": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did.  Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5.  Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure.  PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "answer": "atherosclerosis and inflammation", "sentence": " Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation .", "paragraph_sentence": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did. <hl> Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of atherosclerosis and inflammation . <hl> In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5. Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure. PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "paragraph_answer": "Particulate matter has been studied for its short- and long-term exposure effects on cardiovascular disease. Currently, PM2.5 is the major focus, in which gradients are used to determine CVD risk. For every 10 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 long-term exposure, there was an estimated 8\u201318% CVD mortality risk. Women had a higher relative risk (RR) (1.42) for PM2.5 induced coronary artery disease than men (0.90) did. Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of <hl> atherosclerosis and inflammation <hl>. In regards to short-term exposure (2 hours), every 25 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5 resulted in a 48% increase of CVD mortality risk. In addition, after only 5 days of exposure, a rise in systolic (2.8 mmHg) and diastolic (2.7 mmHg) blood pressure occurred for every 10.5 \u03bcg/m3 of PM2.5. Other research has implicated PM2.5 in irregular heart rhythm, reduced heart rate variability (decreased vagal tone), and most notably heart failure. PM2.5 is also linked to carotid artery thickening and increased risk of acute myocardial infarction.", "sentence_answer": " Overall, long-term PM exposure increased rate of <hl> atherosclerosis and inflammation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7642b22cd4dfcfbcebe"}
{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed91"}
{"question": "What is a surname?", "paragraph": "A surname or family name is a name added to a given name. In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define \"surname\" as a synonym of \"family name\". In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name.", "answer": "a name added to a given name", "sentence": "A surname or family name is a name added to a given name .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A surname or family name is a name added to a given name . <hl> In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define \"surname\" as a synonym of \"family name\". In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name.", "paragraph_answer": "A surname or family name is <hl> a name added to a given name <hl>. In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define \"surname\" as a synonym of \"family name\". In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name.", "sentence_answer": "A surname or family name is <hl> a name added to a given name <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67ecda2b22cd4dfcfc03fe"}
{"question": "What are some of the pioneers of Jamaican dub and Reggae sound?", "paragraph": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass.  Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's.  Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty.  Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal.  A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "answer": "King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton", "sentence": " A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass. Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's. Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty. Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal. <hl> A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. <hl> This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "paragraph_answer": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass. Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's. Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty. Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal. A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like <hl> King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton <hl> heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "sentence_answer": " A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like <hl> King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton <hl> heavily influencing the music.", "paragraph_id": "5d65daa62b22cd4dfcfbcf31"}
{"question": "In which year did the inhabitants of West Florida revolt against the Spanish?", "paragraph": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "answer": "1810", "sentence": "The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. <hl> The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in 1810 and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. <hl> The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1763, Spain traded Florida to Great Britain in exchange for control of Havana, Cuba, which had been captured by the British during the Seven Years' War. Florida was home to about 3,000 Spaniards at the time, and nearly all quickly left. Britain occupied Florida, but did not send many settlers to the area, and control was restored to Spain in 1783 by the Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War. Spain sent no more settlers or missionaries to Florida during this second colonial period. The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in <hl> 1810 <hl> and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States. The United States took possession of the remainder, East Florida, in 1821 according to the terms of the Adams\u2013On\u00eds Treaty.", "sentence_answer": "The inhabitants of West Florida revolted against the Spanish in <hl> 1810 <hl> and formed the Republic of West Florida, which was quickly annexed by the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de8b2b22cd4dfcfbd024"}
{"question": "Which two things does the Republican Party oppose?", "paragraph": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "answer": "aristocracy and corruption", "sentence": "The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption .", "paragraph_sentence": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". <hl> The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption . <hl> It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "paragraph_answer": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to <hl> aristocracy and corruption <hl>. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "sentence_answer": "The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to <hl> aristocracy and corruption <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6735f92b22cd4dfcfbf299"}
{"question": "Are there many high quality hospitals in Turkey?", "paragraph": "In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world, with most concentrated in its big cities. The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure.", "answer": "Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world", "sentence": "Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world , with most concentrated in its big cities.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. <hl> Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world , with most concentrated in its big cities. <hl> The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. Turkish citizens are entitled to subsidized healthcare in the nation's state-run hospitals. As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. <hl> Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world <hl>, with most concentrated in its big cities. The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world <hl> , with most concentrated in its big cities.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fcc72b22cd4dfcfbd4df"}
{"question": "What other name was used for the New Haven?", "paragraph": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. Starting in the 1890s J. P. Morgan began financing the major New England railroads, and dividing territory so they would not compete. The New Haven purchased 50 smaller companies, including steamship lines, and built a network of light rails (electrified trolleys) that provided inter-urban transportation for all of southern New England. By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees.", "answer": "\"The Consolidated,\"", "sentence": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. <hl> Starting in the 1890s J. P. Morgan began financing the major New England railroads, and dividing territory so they would not compete. The New Haven purchased 50 smaller companies, including steamship lines, and built a network of light rails (electrified trolleys) that provided inter-urban transportation for all of southern New England. By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees.", "paragraph_answer": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or <hl> \"The Consolidated,\" <hl> became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. Starting in the 1890s J. P. Morgan began financing the major New England railroads, and dividing territory so they would not compete. The New Haven purchased 50 smaller companies, including steamship lines, and built a network of light rails (electrified trolleys) that provided inter-urban transportation for all of southern New England. By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees.", "sentence_answer": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or <hl> \"The Consolidated,\" <hl> became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872.", "paragraph_id": "5d6629522b22cd4dfcfbda5f"}
{"question": "Under what basic condition is a system considered to be well connected?", "paragraph": "However, decentralization itself has been seen as part of a systems approach. Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. An important property of agent systems is the degree of connectivity or connectedness between the agents, a measure global flow of information or influence. If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "answer": "If each agent is connected", "sentence": "If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "However, decentralization itself has been seen as part of a systems approach. Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. An important property of agent systems is the degree of connectivity or connectedness between the agents, a measure global flow of information or influence. <hl> If each agent is connected (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "However, decentralization itself has been seen as part of a systems approach. Norman Johnson of Los Alamos National Laboratory wrote in a 1999 paper: \"A decentralized system is where some decisions by the agents are made without centralized control or processing. An important property of agent systems is the degree of connectivity or connectedness between the agents, a measure global flow of information or influence. <hl> If each agent is connected <hl> (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "sentence_answer": "<hl> If each agent is connected <hl> (exchange states or influence) to all other agents, then the system is highly connected.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9b72b22cd4dfcfbd258"}
{"question": "How many tonnes of tin was mined in 2006 in the United States?", "paragraph": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "answer": "nearly 14,000", "sentence": "Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "paragraph_sentence": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. <hl> Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling <hl> nearly 14,000 <hl> tonnes in 2006.", "sentence_answer": "Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling <hl> nearly 14,000 <hl> tonnes in 2006.", "paragraph_id": "5d6894142b22cd4dfcfc3ba3"}
{"question": "In what area can the Pampean orogeny effects be seen?", "paragraph": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.\nThe Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "answer": "The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba", "sentence": "Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes.\n The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba , where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary.", "paragraph_sentence": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. <hl> Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba , where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. <hl> Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "paragraph_answer": "The regions immediately east of the Andes experience a series of changes resulting from the Andean orogeny. Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. <hl> The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba <hl>, where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary. Further south in southern Patagonia the onset of the Andean orogeny caused the Magallanes Basin to evolve from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.", "sentence_answer": "Parts of the Suns\u00e1s Orogen in Amazonian craton disappeared from the surface of earth being overrided by the Andes. <hl> The Sierras de C\u00f3rdoba <hl> , where the effects of the ancient Pampean orogeny can be observed, owe their modern uplift and relief to the Andean orogeny in the Tertiary.", "paragraph_id": "5d66864f2b22cd4dfcfbe1ae"}
{"question": "Around how many died in Yugoslavia during the Axis occupation?", "paragraph": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "answer": "between 900,000 and 1,150,000", "sentence": "The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). <hl> The country suffered between 900,000 and 1,150,000 civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. <hl> Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans did not have an official agenda of liquidating their enemies and their cardinal ideal was the \"brotherhood and unity\" of all Yugoslav nations (the phrase became the motto for the new Yugoslavia). The country suffered <hl> between 900,000 and 1,150,000 <hl> civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation. Between 80,000 and 100,000 people were killed in the partisan purges and at least 30,000 people were killed in the Bleiburg killings, according to Marcus Tanner in his work, Croatia: a Nation Forged in War.", "sentence_answer": "The country suffered <hl> between 900,000 and 1,150,000 <hl> civilian and military dead during the Axis occupation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6721e62b22cd4dfcfbf013"}
{"question": "What is the only one based in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "answer": "Radio 2", "sentence": "Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul.", "paragraph_sentence": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. <hl> Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. <hl> Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "paragraph_answer": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only <hl> Radio 2 <hl> is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "sentence_answer": "Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only <hl> Radio 2 <hl> is based in Istanbul.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608632b22cd4dfcfbd644"}
{"question": "How much are rainfall rates affected in areas downwind of cities?", "paragraph": "The urban heat island warms cities 0.6 to 5.6 \u00b0C (1.1 to 10.1 \u00b0F) above surrounding suburbs and rural areas.  This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity.  Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116%.  Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind.  Some cities induce a total precipitation increase of 51%.", "answer": "48% and 116%", "sentence": " Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116% .", "paragraph_sentence": "The urban heat island warms cities 0.6 to 5.6 \u00b0C (1.1 to 10.1 \u00b0F) above surrounding suburbs and rural areas. This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity. <hl> Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116% . <hl> Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind. Some cities induce a total precipitation increase of 51%.", "paragraph_answer": "The urban heat island warms cities 0.6 to 5.6 \u00b0C (1.1 to 10.1 \u00b0F) above surrounding suburbs and rural areas. This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity. Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between <hl> 48% and 116% <hl>. Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind. Some cities induce a total precipitation increase of 51%.", "sentence_answer": " Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between <hl> 48% and 116% <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d671bb92b22cd4dfcfbef7a"}
{"question": "Decentralization is generally based on what type of policies?", "paragraph": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies. However, it may occur as \"silent decentralization\" in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system.\nA variation on this is \"inadvertent decentralization\", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. In both China and Russia, lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "answer": "explicit", "sentence": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Decentralization usually is conscious process based on explicit policies. <hl> However, it may occur as \"silent decentralization\" in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system. A variation on this is \"inadvertent decentralization\", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. In both China and Russia, lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on <hl> explicit <hl> policies. However, it may occur as \"silent decentralization\" in the absence of reforms as changes in networks, policy emphasize and resource availability lead inevitably to a more decentralized system. A variation on this is \"inadvertent decentralization\", when other policy innovations produce an unintended decentralization of power and resources. In both China and Russia, lower level authorities attained greater powers than intended by central authorities.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization usually is conscious process based on <hl> explicit <hl> policies.", "paragraph_id": "5d6678262b22cd4dfcfbe030"}
{"question": "How many mosques are there?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "answer": "64", "sentence": "The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. <hl> The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, <hl> 64 <hl> mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, <hl> 64 <hl> mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f2882b22cd4dfcfbd390"}
{"question": "Are euphony and social significance the only factors in how children are named?", "paragraph": "For the children, some bear only the last surnames of the parents. For example, Carlos da Silva Gon\u00e7alves and Ana Lu\u00edsa de Albuquerque Pereira (Gon\u00e7alves) (in case she adopted her husband's name after marriage) would have a child named Lucas Pereira Gon\u00e7alves.  However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "answer": "euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "sentence": " However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to euphony, social significance or other reasons.", "paragraph_sentence": "For the children, some bear only the last surnames of the parents. For example, Carlos da Silva Gon\u00e7alves and Ana Lu\u00edsa de Albuquerque Pereira (Gon\u00e7alves) (in case she adopted her husband's name after marriage) would have a child named Lucas Pereira Gon\u00e7alves. <hl> However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to euphony, social significance or other reasons. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "For the children, some bear only the last surnames of the parents. For example, Carlos da Silva Gon\u00e7alves and Ana Lu\u00edsa de Albuquerque Pereira (Gon\u00e7alves) (in case she adopted her husband's name after marriage) would have a child named Lucas Pereira Gon\u00e7alves. However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to <hl> euphony, social significance or other reasons. <hl>", "sentence_answer": " However, the child may have any other combination of the parents' surnames, according to <hl> euphony, social significance or other reasons. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d66f08e2b22cd4dfcfbe67f"}
{"question": "What are matrices that satisfy the antecedent known as?", "paragraph": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (LHS) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "answer": "LHS", "sentence": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent ( LHS ) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent ( LHS ) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). <hl> In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "paragraph_answer": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent (<hl> LHS <hl>) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation). In contrast, only some matrices, which satisfy formula 2, happen to satisfy also formula 5, whereas others, also satisfying formula 2, do not; therefore formula 5 is not a logical consequence of formula 2.", "sentence_answer": "Some formulas imply others, i.e. all matrices satisfying the antecedent ( <hl> LHS <hl> ) also satisfy the conclusion (RHS) of the implication \u2014 e.g. formula 3 implies formula 1, i.e.: each matrix fulfilling formula 3 also fulfills formula 1, but not vice versa (see the Hasse diagram for this ordering relation).", "paragraph_id": "5d663db92b22cd4dfcfbdb62"}
{"question": "What has ended unsuccessfully?", "paragraph": "The Sinan Erdem Dome, among the largest indoor arenas in Europe, hosted the final of the 2010 FIBA World Championship, the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships, and the 2011\u201312 Euroleague Final Four. Prior to the completion of the Sinan Erdem Dome in 2010, Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Arena was Istanbul's primary indoor arena, having hosted the finals of EuroBasket 2001. Several other indoor arenas, including the Be\u015fikta\u015f Akatlar Arena, have also been inaugurated since 2000, serving as the home courts of Istanbul's sports clubs. The most recent of these is the 13,800-seat \u00dclker Sports Arena, which opened in 2012 as the home court of Fenerbah\u00e7e's basketball teams. Despite the construction boom, five bids for the Summer Olympics\u2014in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2020\u2014and national bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 have ended unsuccessfully.", "answer": "bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016", "sentence": "Despite the construction boom, five bids for the Summer Olympics\u2014in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2020\u2014and national bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 have ended unsuccessfully.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sinan Erdem Dome, among the largest indoor arenas in Europe, hosted the final of the 2010 FIBA World Championship, the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships, and the 2011\u201312 Euroleague Final Four. Prior to the completion of the Sinan Erdem Dome in 2010, Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Arena was Istanbul's primary indoor arena, having hosted the finals of EuroBasket 2001. Several other indoor arenas, including the Be\u015fikta\u015f Akatlar Arena, have also been inaugurated since 2000, serving as the home courts of Istanbul's sports clubs. The most recent of these is the 13,800-seat \u00dclker Sports Arena, which opened in 2012 as the home court of Fenerbah\u00e7e's basketball teams. <hl> Despite the construction boom, five bids for the Summer Olympics\u2014in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2020\u2014and national bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 have ended unsuccessfully. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Sinan Erdem Dome, among the largest indoor arenas in Europe, hosted the final of the 2010 FIBA World Championship, the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships, and the 2011\u201312 Euroleague Final Four. Prior to the completion of the Sinan Erdem Dome in 2010, Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Arena was Istanbul's primary indoor arena, having hosted the finals of EuroBasket 2001. Several other indoor arenas, including the Be\u015fikta\u015f Akatlar Arena, have also been inaugurated since 2000, serving as the home courts of Istanbul's sports clubs. The most recent of these is the 13,800-seat \u00dclker Sports Arena, which opened in 2012 as the home court of Fenerbah\u00e7e's basketball teams. Despite the construction boom, five bids for the Summer Olympics\u2014in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2020\u2014and national <hl> bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 <hl> have ended unsuccessfully.", "sentence_answer": "Despite the construction boom, five bids for the Summer Olympics\u2014in 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2020\u2014and national <hl> bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 <hl> have ended unsuccessfully.", "paragraph_id": "5d66060e2b22cd4dfcfbd5e6"}
{"question": "What does the engineering of an arch secure inside its own extent?", "paragraph": "Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry. They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch. It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure.", "answer": "the line of thrust of the force", "sentence": "They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch.", "paragraph_sentence": "Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry. <hl> They are designed by ensuring that the line of thrust of the force remains within the depth of the arch. <hl> It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure.", "paragraph_answer": "Arches carry forces in compression in one direction only, which is why it is appropriate to build arches out of masonry. They are designed by ensuring that <hl> the line of thrust of the force <hl> remains within the depth of the arch. It is mainly used to increase the bountifulness of any structure.", "sentence_answer": "They are designed by ensuring that <hl> the line of thrust of the force <hl> remains within the depth of the arch.", "paragraph_id": "5d675fbb2b22cd4dfcfbf916"}
{"question": "As people started to live in one place, what did people start to collect?", "paragraph": "Sherratt argues that this phase in agricultural development enabled humans to make use of the energy possibilities of their animals in new ways, and permitted permanent intensive subsistence farming and crop production, and the opening up of heavier soils for farming. It also made possible nomadic pastoralism in semi arid areas, along the margins of deserts, and eventually led to the domestication of both the dromedary and Bactrian camel. Overgrazing of these areas, particularly by herds of goats, greatly extended the areal extent of deserts. Living in one spot would have more easily permitted the accrual of personal possessions and an attachment to certain areas of land. From such a position, it is argued[by whom?], prehistoric people were able to stockpile food to survive lean times and trade unwanted surpluses with others. Once trade and a secure food supply were established, populations could grow, and society would have diversified into food producers and artisans, who could afford to develop their trade by virtue of the free time they enjoyed because of a surplus of food. The artisans, in turn, were able to develop technology such as metal weapons. Such relative complexity would have required some form of social organisation to work efficiently, so it is likely that populations that had such organisation, perhaps such as that provided by religion, were better prepared and more successful. In addition, the denser populations could form and support legions of professional soldiers. Also, during this time property ownership became increasingly important to all people. Ultimately, Childe argued that this growing social complexity, all rooted in the original decision to settle, led to a second Urban Revolution in which the first cities were built.[citation needed]", "answer": "personal possessions", "sentence": "Living in one spot would have more easily permitted the accrual of personal possessions and an attachment to certain areas of land.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sherratt argues that this phase in agricultural development enabled humans to make use of the energy possibilities of their animals in new ways, and permitted permanent intensive subsistence farming and crop production, and the opening up of heavier soils for farming. It also made possible nomadic pastoralism in semi arid areas, along the margins of deserts, and eventually led to the domestication of both the dromedary and Bactrian camel. Overgrazing of these areas, particularly by herds of goats, greatly extended the areal extent of deserts. <hl> Living in one spot would have more easily permitted the accrual of personal possessions and an attachment to certain areas of land. <hl> From such a position, it is argued[by whom?], prehistoric people were able to stockpile food to survive lean times and trade unwanted surpluses with others. Once trade and a secure food supply were established, populations could grow, and society would have diversified into food producers and artisans, who could afford to develop their trade by virtue of the free time they enjoyed because of a surplus of food. The artisans, in turn, were able to develop technology such as metal weapons. Such relative complexity would have required some form of social organisation to work efficiently, so it is likely that populations that had such organisation, perhaps such as that provided by religion, were better prepared and more successful. In addition, the denser populations could form and support legions of professional soldiers. Also, during this time property ownership became increasingly important to all people. Ultimately, Childe argued that this growing social complexity, all rooted in the original decision to settle, led to a second Urban Revolution in which the first cities were built.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Sherratt argues that this phase in agricultural development enabled humans to make use of the energy possibilities of their animals in new ways, and permitted permanent intensive subsistence farming and crop production, and the opening up of heavier soils for farming. It also made possible nomadic pastoralism in semi arid areas, along the margins of deserts, and eventually led to the domestication of both the dromedary and Bactrian camel. Overgrazing of these areas, particularly by herds of goats, greatly extended the areal extent of deserts. Living in one spot would have more easily permitted the accrual of <hl> personal possessions <hl> and an attachment to certain areas of land. From such a position, it is argued[by whom?], prehistoric people were able to stockpile food to survive lean times and trade unwanted surpluses with others. Once trade and a secure food supply were established, populations could grow, and society would have diversified into food producers and artisans, who could afford to develop their trade by virtue of the free time they enjoyed because of a surplus of food. The artisans, in turn, were able to develop technology such as metal weapons. Such relative complexity would have required some form of social organisation to work efficiently, so it is likely that populations that had such organisation, perhaps such as that provided by religion, were better prepared and more successful. In addition, the denser populations could form and support legions of professional soldiers. Also, during this time property ownership became increasingly important to all people. Ultimately, Childe argued that this growing social complexity, all rooted in the original decision to settle, led to a second Urban Revolution in which the first cities were built.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Living in one spot would have more easily permitted the accrual of <hl> personal possessions <hl> and an attachment to certain areas of land.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d0fd2b22cd4dfcfc02a0"}
{"question": "What is the name of the one express road travelling between the east and west side of Manhattan?", "paragraph": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "answer": "Trans-Manhattan Expressway", "sentence": "The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street.", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. <hl> The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the Trans-Manhattan Expressway at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. <hl> Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "paragraph_answer": "\"Crosstown traffic\" refers primarily to vehicular traffic between Manhattan's East Side and Manhattan's West Side. The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the <hl> Trans-Manhattan Expressway <hl> at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street. Proposals in the mid-1900s to build express roads through the city's densest neighborhoods, namely the Mid-Manhattan Expressway and Lower Manhattan Expressway, did not go forward. The congestion makes Manhattan's crosstown buses the perennial \"winners\" of the \"Pokey Awards\" for slowest service in New York City.", "sentence_answer": "The trip is notoriously frustrating for drivers because of heavy congestion on narrow local streets laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, absence of express roads other than the <hl> Trans-Manhattan Expressway <hl> at the far north end of Manhattan Island, and only 4 crosstown roads for travel through Central Park, which is between 59th Street and 110th Street.", "paragraph_id": "5d6710772b22cd4dfcfbed1b"}
{"question": "What is the more modern shopping center called?", "paragraph": "Well-known streets in Rotterdam are the shopping center the Lijnbaan (the first set of pedestrian streets of the country, opened in 1953), the Hoogstraat, the Coolsingel with the city hall, and the Weena, which runs from the Central Station to the Hofplein (square). A modern shopping venue is the Beurstraverse (\"Stock Exchange Traverse\"), better known by its informal name 'Koopgoot' ('Buying/Shopping Gutter', after its subterranean position), which crosses the Coolsingel below street level). The Kruiskade is a more upscale shopping street, with retailers like Michael Kors, 7 For All Mankind, Calvin Klein, Hugo Boss, Tommy Hilfiger and the Dutch well known men's clothier Oger. Another upscale shopping venue is a flagship store of De Bijenkorf. Located a little more to the east is the Market Hall, with lots of small retailers inside. This hall is also one of Rotterdam's famous architectural landmarks.", "answer": "Koopgoot", "sentence": "A modern shopping venue is the Beurstraverse (\"Stock Exchange Traverse\"), better known by its informal name ' Koopgoot ' ('Buying/Shopping Gutter', after its subterranean position), which crosses the Coolsingel below street level).", "paragraph_sentence": "Well-known streets in Rotterdam are the shopping center the Lijnbaan (the first set of pedestrian streets of the country, opened in 1953), the Hoogstraat, the Coolsingel with the city hall, and the Weena, which runs from the Central Station to the Hofplein (square). <hl> A modern shopping venue is the Beurstraverse (\"Stock Exchange Traverse\"), better known by its informal name ' Koopgoot ' ('Buying/Shopping Gutter', after its subterranean position), which crosses the Coolsingel below street level). <hl> The Kruiskade is a more upscale shopping street, with retailers like Michael Kors, 7 For All Mankind, Calvin Klein, Hugo Boss, Tommy Hilfiger and the Dutch well known men's clothier Oger. Another upscale shopping venue is a flagship store of De Bijenkorf. Located a little more to the east is the Market Hall, with lots of small retailers inside. This hall is also one of Rotterdam's famous architectural landmarks.", "paragraph_answer": "Well-known streets in Rotterdam are the shopping center the Lijnbaan (the first set of pedestrian streets of the country, opened in 1953), the Hoogstraat, the Coolsingel with the city hall, and the Weena, which runs from the Central Station to the Hofplein (square). A modern shopping venue is the Beurstraverse (\"Stock Exchange Traverse\"), better known by its informal name '<hl> Koopgoot <hl>' ('Buying/Shopping Gutter', after its subterranean position), which crosses the Coolsingel below street level). The Kruiskade is a more upscale shopping street, with retailers like Michael Kors, 7 For All Mankind, Calvin Klein, Hugo Boss, Tommy Hilfiger and the Dutch well known men's clothier Oger. Another upscale shopping venue is a flagship store of De Bijenkorf. Located a little more to the east is the Market Hall, with lots of small retailers inside. This hall is also one of Rotterdam's famous architectural landmarks.", "sentence_answer": "A modern shopping venue is the Beurstraverse (\"Stock Exchange Traverse\"), better known by its informal name ' <hl> Koopgoot <hl> ' ('Buying/Shopping Gutter', after its subterranean position), which crosses the Coolsingel below street level).", "paragraph_id": "5d67b7d12b22cd4dfcfc0022"}
{"question": "What country dominated the African continent until the 20th century?", "paragraph": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "answer": "Portugal,", "sentence": "In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. <hl> In 1571 Portugal, supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. <hl> Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1494, the Portuguese king had entered agreements with the rulers of several West African states that would allow trade between their respective peoples, enabling the Portuguese to \"tap into\" the \"well-developed commercial economy in Africa... without engaging in hostilities\". \"Peaceful trade became the rule all along the African coast\", although there were some rare exceptions when acts of aggression led to violence. For instance Portuguese traders attempted to conquer the Bissagos Islands in 1535. In 1571 <hl> Portugal, <hl> supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area. Although Kongo later joined a coalition in 1591 to force the Portuguese out, Portugal had secured a foothold on the continent that it continued to occupy until the 20th century. Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces, many African states ensured that any trade went on in their own terms, for instance, imposing custom duties on foreign ships. In 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.", "sentence_answer": "In 1571 <hl> Portugal, <hl> supported by the Kingdom of Kongo, took control of the south-western region of Angola in order to secure its threatened economic interest in the area.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a0c72b22cd4dfcfbe380"}
{"question": "When did the Senate regain?", "paragraph": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections. Both Republican majorities in the House and Senate were held until the Democrats regained control in the mid-term elections of 2006. The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "answer": "in the 2002 elections", "sentence": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections . <hl> Both Republican majorities in the House and Senate were held until the Democrats regained control in the mid-term elections of 2006. The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "paragraph_answer": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained <hl> in the 2002 elections <hl>. Both Republican majorities in the House and Senate were held until the Democrats regained control in the mid-term elections of 2006. The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "sentence_answer": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained <hl> in the 2002 elections <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6748f82b22cd4dfcfbf4fe"}
{"question": "What are activation records referred to as?", "paragraph": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram. In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames.", "answer": "stack frames", "sentence": "In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames .", "paragraph_sentence": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram. <hl> In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed stack frames . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Modern languages after ALGOL such as PL/1 and C almost invariably use a stack, usually supported by most modern computer instruction sets to provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram. That way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress. As nested calls accumulate, a call stack structure is formed, consisting of one activation record for each suspended subprogram. In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed <hl> stack frames <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly termed <hl> stack frames <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675bfe2b22cd4dfcfbf860"}
{"question": "What is the rule when it comes to abbreviations that are spoken as words and letters?", "paragraph": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/.  There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "answer": "There is no rule", "sentence": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ <hl> and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/. There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> There is no rule <hl> on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/. There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> There is no rule <hl> on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/", "paragraph_id": "5d65b1e82b22cd4dfcfbcb24"}
{"question": "Who selected the Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks?", "paragraph": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "answer": "Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation", "sentence": "In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In addition, the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition, the <hl> Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation <hl> has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "sentence_answer": "In addition, the <hl> Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation <hl> has designated the following Pitt buildings as Pittsburgh Historic Landmarks: Allegheny Observatory, Allen Hall, Alumni Hall, Bellefield Hall, Chancellor's Residence, Cathedral of Learning, the Cathedral of Learning interior rooms, Gardner Steel Conference Center, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Thaw Hall, Salk Hall, Schenley Quadrangle residence halls, Stephen Foster Memorial, the University Child Development Center, and the William Pitt Union.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703952b22cd4dfcfbea74"}
{"question": "what was the last battle of the war two in europe called?", "paragraph": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Battle of Poljana", "sentence": "The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. <hl> The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", the Battle of Poljana , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1945, the Partisans, numbering over 800,000 strong defeated the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and the Wehrmacht, achieving a hard-fought breakthrough in the Syrmian front in late winter, taking Sarajevo in early April, and the rest of the NDH and Slovenia through mid-May. After taking Rijeka and Istria, which were part of Italy before the war, they beat the Allies to Trieste by two days. The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", <hl> the Battle of Poljana <hl>, was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The \"last battle of World War Two in Europe\", <hl> the Battle of Poljana <hl> , was fought between the Partisans and retreating Wehrmacht and quisling forces at Poljana, near Prevalje in Carinthia, on 14\u201315 May 1945.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d680d0a2b22cd4dfcfc052d"}
{"question": "What does MacLeod mean?", "paragraph": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod (son of Lewis) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "answer": "son of Lewis", "sentence": "This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod ( son of Lewis ) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). <hl> This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod ( son of Lewis ) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Surnames were uncommon prior to the 12th century, and still somewhat rare into the 13th; most European surnames were originally occupational or locational, and served to distinguish one person from another if they happened to live near one another (e.g., two different people named John could conceivably be identified as 'John Butcher' and 'John Chandler'). This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod (<hl> son of Lewis <hl>) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "This still happens, in some communities where a surname is particularly common, for example on the Isle of Lewis in Scotland, many residents have the family name MacLeod ( <hl> son of Lewis <hl> ) and so may still be known by a surname symbolising their occupation such as 'Kevin the post' and 'Kevin Handbag'.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d6703f72b22cd4dfcfbea88"}
{"question": "How many variables can be determined using the algebra of Cartesian coordinates?", "paragraph": "While spatial apps employ identical units along all axes, in business and scientific apps, each axis may have different units of measurement associated with it (such as kilograms, seconds, pounds, etc.).  Although four- and higher-dimensional spaces are difficult to visualize, the algebra of Cartesian coordinates can be extended relatively easily to four or more variables, so that certain calculations involving many variables can be done.  (This sort of algebraic extension is what is used to define the geometry of higher-dimensional spaces.)  Conversely, it is often helpful to use the geometry of Cartesian coordinates in two or three dimensions to visualize algebraic relationships between two or three of many non-spatial variables.", "answer": "four or more variables", "sentence": " Although four- and higher-dimensional spaces are difficult to visualize, the algebra of Cartesian coordinates can be extended relatively easily to four or more variables , so that certain calculations involving many variables can be done.", "paragraph_sentence": "While spatial apps employ identical units along all axes, in business and scientific apps, each axis may have different units of measurement associated with it (such as kilograms, seconds, pounds, etc.). <hl> Although four- and higher-dimensional spaces are difficult to visualize, the algebra of Cartesian coordinates can be extended relatively easily to four or more variables , so that certain calculations involving many variables can be done. <hl> (This sort of algebraic extension is what is used to define the geometry of higher-dimensional spaces.) Conversely, it is often helpful to use the geometry of Cartesian coordinates in two or three dimensions to visualize algebraic relationships between two or three of many non-spatial variables.", "paragraph_answer": "While spatial apps employ identical units along all axes, in business and scientific apps, each axis may have different units of measurement associated with it (such as kilograms, seconds, pounds, etc.). Although four- and higher-dimensional spaces are difficult to visualize, the algebra of Cartesian coordinates can be extended relatively easily to <hl> four or more variables <hl>, so that certain calculations involving many variables can be done. (This sort of algebraic extension is what is used to define the geometry of higher-dimensional spaces.) Conversely, it is often helpful to use the geometry of Cartesian coordinates in two or three dimensions to visualize algebraic relationships between two or three of many non-spatial variables.", "sentence_answer": " Although four- and higher-dimensional spaces are difficult to visualize, the algebra of Cartesian coordinates can be extended relatively easily to <hl> four or more variables <hl> , so that certain calculations involving many variables can be done.", "paragraph_id": "5d667a0e2b22cd4dfcfbe04d"}
{"question": "What movement is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies?", "paragraph": "Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. Like structuralists, they start from the assumption that people's identities, values and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism.  But they nevertheless tended to explore how the subjects of their study might be described, reductively, as a set of essential relationships, schematics, or mathematical symbols. (An example is Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss's algebraic formulation of mythological transformation in \"The Structural Study of Myth\"). Post-structuralists thinkers went further, questioning the existence of any distinction between the nature of a thing and its relationship to other things.", "answer": "Post-structuralism", "sentence": "Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. <hl> Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. Like structuralists, they start from the assumption that people's identities, values and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism. But they nevertheless tended to explore how the subjects of their study might be described, reductively, as a set of essential relationships, schematics, or mathematical symbols. (An example is Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss's algebraic formulation of mythological transformation in \"The Structural Study of Myth\"). Post-structuralists thinkers went further, questioning the existence of any distinction between the nature of a thing and its relationship to other things.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Post-structuralism <hl> is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. Like structuralists, they start from the assumption that people's identities, values and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism. But they nevertheless tended to explore how the subjects of their study might be described, reductively, as a set of essential relationships, schematics, or mathematical symbols. (An example is Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss's algebraic formulation of mythological transformation in \"The Structural Study of Myth\"). Post-structuralists thinkers went further, questioning the existence of any distinction between the nature of a thing and its relationship to other things.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Post-structuralism <hl> is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another.", "paragraph_id": "5d67cbc12b22cd4dfcfc024a"}
{"question": "What did Stalin accuse Kulaks of?", "paragraph": "In 1929, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "answer": "plotting against the Party's agreed strategy", "sentence": "He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1929, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. <hl> He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. <hl> Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1929, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of <hl> plotting against the Party's agreed strategy <hl> and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "sentence_answer": "He accused them of <hl> plotting against the Party's agreed strategy <hl> and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office.", "paragraph_id": "5d675ead2b22cd4dfcfbf8f1"}
{"question": "What is and example of genre in postmodern music?", "paragraph": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "answer": "classical", "sentence": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. <hl> Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "paragraph_answer": "The postmodern impulse in <hl> classical <hl> music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "sentence_answer": "The postmodern impulse in <hl> classical <hl> music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723b22b22cd4dfcfbf061"}
{"question": "how many people used shelters between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009?", "paragraph": "There were about 643,000 sheltered and unsheltered homeless persons nationwide in January 2009. About two-thirds of those stayed in emergency shelters or used transitional housing programs, with the remaining living on the street in abandoned buildings or other areas not meant for human habitation. About 1.56 million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009. Around 44% of homeless people were employed.", "answer": "1.56", "sentence": "About 1.56 million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009.", "paragraph_sentence": "There were about 643,000 sheltered and unsheltered homeless persons nationwide in January 2009. About two-thirds of those stayed in emergency shelters or used transitional housing programs, with the remaining living on the street in abandoned buildings or other areas not meant for human habitation. <hl> About 1.56 million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009. <hl> Around 44% of homeless people were employed.", "paragraph_answer": "There were about 643,000 sheltered and unsheltered homeless persons nationwide in January 2009. About two-thirds of those stayed in emergency shelters or used transitional housing programs, with the remaining living on the street in abandoned buildings or other areas not meant for human habitation. About <hl> 1.56 <hl> million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009. Around 44% of homeless people were employed.", "sentence_answer": "About <hl> 1.56 <hl> million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607a22b22cd4dfcfbd628"}
{"question": "Where did Maoist-oriented Communisttd Party?", "paragraph": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "answer": "Philippines", "sentence": "In the Philippines , the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. <hl> In the Philippines , the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. <hl> In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "paragraph_answer": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the <hl> Philippines <hl>, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "sentence_answer": "In the <hl> Philippines <hl> , the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c6f72b22cd4dfcfc01d7"}
{"question": "What form do catenaries usually take when deployed in engineering?", "paragraph": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always cable or fabric structures. A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "answer": "cable or fabric structures", "sentence": "They are almost always cable or fabric structures .", "paragraph_sentence": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). <hl> They are almost always cable or fabric structures . <hl> A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "paragraph_answer": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always <hl> cable or fabric structures <hl>. A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "sentence_answer": "They are almost always <hl> cable or fabric structures <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6762ec2b22cd4dfcfbf977"}
{"question": "What makes the relation between te rule of inference and the HIllbert system typical ? ?", "paragraph": "A deduction in a Hilbert-style deductive system is a list of formulas, each of which is a logical axiom, a hypothesis that has been assumed for the derivation at hand, or follows from previous formulas via a rule of inference. The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "answer": "Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms.", "sentence": "Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "paragraph_sentence": "A deduction in a Hilbert-style deductive system is a list of formulas, each of which is a logical axiom, a hypothesis that has been assumed for the derivation at hand, or follows from previous formulas via a rule of inference. The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. <hl> Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A deduction in a Hilbert-style deductive system is a list of formulas, each of which is a logical axiom, a hypothesis that has been assumed for the derivation at hand, or follows from previous formulas via a rule of inference. The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. <hl> Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. <hl> It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. <hl> It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609f52b22cd4dfcfbd694"}
{"question": "The western boundary could not be closer than 10 miles of what?", "paragraph": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "answer": "Hudson River", "sentence": "\"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River .", "paragraph_sentence": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). <hl> \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of Hudson River . <hl> This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_answer": "The western boundaries of Connecticut have been subject to change over time. According to the Hartford Treaty with the Dutch, signed on September 19, 1650, but never ratified by the British, the western boundary of Connecticut ran north from Greenwich Bay for a distance of 20 miles (32 km). \"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of <hl> Hudson River <hl>. This agreement was observed by both sides until war erupted between England and The Netherlands in 1652. No other limits were found. Conflict over uncertain colonial limits continued until the Duke of York captured New Netherland in 1664.\" On the other hand, Connecticut's original Charter in 1662 granted it all the land to the \"South Sea,\" i.e. the Pacific Ocean. Most colonial royal grants were for long east-west strips. Connecticut took its grant seriously, and established a ninth county between the Susquehanna and Delaware Rivers, named Westmoreland County. This resulted in the brief Pennamite Wars with Pennsylvania.", "sentence_answer": "\"provided the said line come not within 10 miles (16 km) of <hl> Hudson River <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6783222b22cd4dfcfbfdd3"}
{"question": "Where is overhead most obvious?", "paragraph": "This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in leaf procedures or leaf functions, which return without making any procedure calls themselves.\nTo reduce that overhead, many modern compilers try to delay the use of a call stack until it is really needed.[citation needed] For example, the call of a procedure P may store the return address and parameters of the called procedure in certain processor registers, and transfer control to the procedure's body by a simple jump. If procedure P returns without making any other call, the call stack is not used at all. If P needs to call another procedure Q, it will then use the call stack to save the contents of any registers (such as the return address) that will be needed after Q returns.", "answer": "leaf procedures or leaf functions", "sentence": "This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in leaf procedures or leaf functions , which return without making any procedure calls themselves.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in leaf procedures or leaf functions , which return without making any procedure calls themselves. <hl> To reduce that overhead, many modern compilers try to delay the use of a call stack until it is really needed.[citation needed] For example, the call of a procedure P may store the return address and parameters of the called procedure in certain processor registers, and transfer control to the procedure's body by a simple jump. If procedure P returns without making any other call, the call stack is not used at all. If P needs to call another procedure Q, it will then use the call stack to save the contents of any registers (such as the return address) that will be needed after Q returns.", "paragraph_answer": "This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in <hl> leaf procedures or leaf functions <hl>, which return without making any procedure calls themselves. To reduce that overhead, many modern compilers try to delay the use of a call stack until it is really needed.[citation needed] For example, the call of a procedure P may store the return address and parameters of the called procedure in certain processor registers, and transfer control to the procedure's body by a simple jump. If procedure P returns without making any other call, the call stack is not used at all. If P needs to call another procedure Q, it will then use the call stack to save the contents of any registers (such as the return address) that will be needed after Q returns.", "sentence_answer": "This overhead is most obvious and objectionable in <hl> leaf procedures or leaf functions <hl> , which return without making any procedure calls themselves.", "paragraph_id": "5d674fba2b22cd4dfcfbf641"}
{"question": "What is the highest recorded water level?", "paragraph": "Historic flood events were the All Saints' Flood of 1304 and other floods in the years 1320, 1449, 1625, 1694, 1784 and 1825. Little is known of their extent. From 1872, there exist regular and reliable records of water levels in the Baltic Sea. The highest was the flood of 1872 when the water was an average of 2.43 m (8 ft 0 in) above sea level at Warnem\u00fcnde and a maximum of 2.83 m (9 ft 3 in) above sea level in Warnem\u00fcnde. In the last very heavy floods the average water levels reached 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) above sea level in 1904, 1.89 m (6 ft 2 in) in 1913, 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) in January 1954, 1.68 m (5 ft 6 in) on 2\u20134 November 1995 and 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) on 21 February 2002.", "answer": "2.83 m (9 ft 3 in)", "sentence": "The highest was the flood of 1872 when the water was an average of 2.43 m (8 ft 0 in) above sea level at Warnem\u00fcnde and a maximum of 2.83 m (9 ft 3 in) above sea level in Warnem\u00fcnde.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historic flood events were the All Saints' Flood of 1304 and other floods in the years 1320, 1449, 1625, 1694, 1784 and 1825. Little is known of their extent. From 1872, there exist regular and reliable records of water levels in the Baltic Sea. <hl> The highest was the flood of 1872 when the water was an average of 2.43 m (8 ft 0 in) above sea level at Warnem\u00fcnde and a maximum of 2.83 m (9 ft 3 in) above sea level in Warnem\u00fcnde. <hl> In the last very heavy floods the average water levels reached 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) above sea level in 1904, 1.89 m (6 ft 2 in) in 1913, 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) in January 1954, 1.68 m (5 ft 6 in) on 2\u20134 November 1995 and 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) on 21 February 2002.", "paragraph_answer": "Historic flood events were the All Saints' Flood of 1304 and other floods in the years 1320, 1449, 1625, 1694, 1784 and 1825. Little is known of their extent. From 1872, there exist regular and reliable records of water levels in the Baltic Sea. The highest was the flood of 1872 when the water was an average of 2.43 m (8 ft 0 in) above sea level at Warnem\u00fcnde and a maximum of <hl> 2.83 m (9 ft 3 in) <hl> above sea level in Warnem\u00fcnde. In the last very heavy floods the average water levels reached 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) above sea level in 1904, 1.89 m (6 ft 2 in) in 1913, 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) in January 1954, 1.68 m (5 ft 6 in) on 2\u20134 November 1995 and 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) on 21 February 2002.", "sentence_answer": "The highest was the flood of 1872 when the water was an average of 2.43 m (8 ft 0 in) above sea level at Warnem\u00fcnde and a maximum of <hl> 2.83 m (9 ft 3 in) <hl> above sea level in Warnem\u00fcnde.", "paragraph_id": "5d6615152b22cd4dfcfbd800"}
{"question": "How many men served in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army?", "paragraph": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments.  About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka.  After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "answer": "600,000", "sentence": " About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments. <hl> About 100,000 women served with 600,000 men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. <hl> It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka. After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "paragraph_answer": "The Yugoslav National Liberation Movement claimed 6,000,000 civilian supporters; its two million women formed the Antifascist Front of Women (AF\u017d), in which the revolutionary coexisted with the traditional. The AF\u017d managed schools, hospitals and even local governments. About 100,000 women served with <hl> 600,000 <hl> men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army. It stressed its dedication to women's rights and gender equality and used the imagery of traditional folklore heroines to attract and legitimize the partizanka. After the war women were relegated to traditional gender roles, but Yugoslavia is unique as its historians paid extensive attention to women's roles in the resistance, until the country broke up in the 1990s. Then the memory of the women soldiers faded away.", "sentence_answer": " About 100,000 women served with <hl> 600,000 <hl> men in Tito's Yugoslav National Liberation Army.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725882b22cd4dfcfbf0a3"}
{"question": "What is used to burn an object at its focal point?", "paragraph": "Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. A large lens creates enough intensity to burn a flammable object at the focal point. Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens, lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells, harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "answer": "Convex lenses", "sentence": "Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. <hl> A large lens creates enough intensity to burn a flammable object at the focal point. Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens, lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells, harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Convex lenses <hl> produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. A large lens creates enough intensity to burn a flammable object at the focal point. Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens, lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells, harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Convex lenses <hl> produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image.", "paragraph_id": "5d67083c2b22cd4dfcfbeb5e"}
{"question": "From which parent do children take their surnames?", "paragraph": "Children take the surnames of both parents, so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\". In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. For instance, the name of the son of the couple in the example above could be either \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" or \"Andr\u00e9s Reyes G\u00f3mez\". Sometimes, for single mothers or when the father would or could not recognize the child, the mother's surname has been used twice: for example, \"Ana Reyes Reyes\". In Spain, however, children with just one parent receive both surnames of that parent, although the order may also be changed. In 1973 in Chile, the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "answer": "both parents", "sentence": "Children take the surnames of both parents , so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Children take the surnames of both parents , so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\". <hl> In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. For instance, the name of the son of the couple in the example above could be either \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" or \"Andr\u00e9s Reyes G\u00f3mez\". Sometimes, for single mothers or when the father would or could not recognize the child, the mother's surname has been used twice: for example, \"Ana Reyes Reyes\". In Spain, however, children with just one parent receive both surnames of that parent, although the order may also be changed. In 1973 in Chile, the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "paragraph_answer": "Children take the surnames of <hl> both parents <hl>, so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\". In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. For instance, the name of the son of the couple in the example above could be either \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" or \"Andr\u00e9s Reyes G\u00f3mez\". Sometimes, for single mothers or when the father would or could not recognize the child, the mother's surname has been used twice: for example, \"Ana Reyes Reyes\". In Spain, however, children with just one parent receive both surnames of that parent, although the order may also be changed. In 1973 in Chile, the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "sentence_answer": "Children take the surnames of <hl> both parents <hl> , so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6731dd2b22cd4dfcfbf232"}
{"question": "The HUD and the Department of Labor teamed up to create what initiative?", "paragraph": "There are several policies dealing with homelessness. In 1980 the government decided to start sending funding to the homeless, but it was not until 1984 that shelters were built to accommodate and feed them. As it was shown though seventy percent required the homeless to attend a religious ceremony and spend only a couple of nights there. In the 1987 McKinney Act the problem with homelessness became known as a huge social problem. Later on, the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (P.L. 107-110) amended the program explicitly to prohibit states that receive McKinney-Vento funds from segregating homeless students from non-homeless students, except for short periods of time for health and safety emergencies or to provide temporary, special, supplementary services. The Chronic Homelessness Initiative. The Bush Administration established a national goal of ending chronic homelessness in ten years, by 2012. The idea of a 10-year plan to end chronic homelessness began as a part of a 10-year plan to end homelessness in general adopted by the National Alliance to End Homelessness (NAEH) in 2000. The following year, then-Secretary Martinez announced HUD's commitment to ending chronic homelessness at the NAEH annual conference. In 2002, as a part of his FY2003 budget, President Bush made \"ending chronic homelessness in the next decade a top objective.\" The bi-partisan, congressionally mandated, Millennial Housing Commission, in its Report to Congress in 2002, included ending chronic homelessness in 10 years among its principal recommendations. By 2003, the Interagency Council on Homelessness had been re-engaged and charged with pursuing the President's 10-year plan. The Administration has recently undertaken some collaborative efforts to reach its goal of ending chronic homelessness in 10 years. On October 1, 2003, the Administration announced the award of over $48 million in grants aimed at serving the needs of the chronically homeless through two initiatives. The \"Ending Chronic Homelessness through Employment and Housing\" initiative was a collaborative grant offered jointly by HUD and the Department of Labor (DOL). The initiative offered $10 million from HUD and $3.5 million from DOL to help the chronically homeless in five communities gain access to employment and permanent housing. Section 8 is the core housing program that helps extremely low-income families accommodate the gap between their incomes below 30 percent of the median income for each community. The government assists homeless families by awarding grants and vouchers. Vouchers are available to the families who are most needy and they are used to pay for housing found in the private market. Currently there are policy changes in who receives vouchers and there will be a reduction in the amount of vouchers granted to the homeless population.", "answer": "Ending Chronic Homelessness through Employment and Housing", "sentence": "The \" Ending Chronic Homelessness through Employment and Housing \" initiative was a collaborative grant offered jointly by HUD and the Department of Labor (DOL).", "paragraph_sentence": "There are several policies dealing with homelessness. In 1980 the government decided to start sending funding to the homeless, but it was not until 1984 that shelters were built to accommodate and feed them. As it was shown though seventy percent required the homeless to attend a religious ceremony and spend only a couple of nights there. In the 1987 McKinney Act the problem with homelessness became known as a huge social problem. Later on, the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (P.L. 107-110) amended the program explicitly to prohibit states that receive McKinney-Vento funds from segregating homeless students from non-homeless students, except for short periods of time for health and safety emergencies or to provide temporary, special, supplementary services. The Chronic Homelessness Initiative. The Bush Administration established a national goal of ending chronic homelessness in ten years, by 2012. The idea of a 10-year plan to end chronic homelessness began as a part of a 10-year plan to end homelessness in general adopted by the National Alliance to End Homelessness (NAEH) in 2000. The following year, then-Secretary Martinez announced HUD's commitment to ending chronic homelessness at the NAEH annual conference. In 2002, as a part of his FY2003 budget, President Bush made \"ending chronic homelessness in the next decade a top objective.\" The bi-partisan, congressionally mandated, Millennial Housing Commission, in its Report to Congress in 2002, included ending chronic homelessness in 10 years among its principal recommendations. By 2003, the Interagency Council on Homelessness had been re-engaged and charged with pursuing the President's 10-year plan. The Administration has recently undertaken some collaborative efforts to reach its goal of ending chronic homelessness in 10 years. On October 1, 2003, the Administration announced the award of over $48 million in grants aimed at serving the needs of the chronically homeless through two initiatives. <hl> The \" Ending Chronic Homelessness through Employment and Housing \" initiative was a collaborative grant offered jointly by HUD and the Department of Labor (DOL). <hl> The initiative offered $10 million from HUD and $3.5 million from DOL to help the chronically homeless in five communities gain access to employment and permanent housing. Section 8 is the core housing program that helps extremely low-income families accommodate the gap between their incomes below 30 percent of the median income for each community. The government assists homeless families by awarding grants and vouchers. Vouchers are available to the families who are most needy and they are used to pay for housing found in the private market. Currently there are policy changes in who receives vouchers and there will be a reduction in the amount of vouchers granted to the homeless population.", "paragraph_answer": "There are several policies dealing with homelessness. In 1980 the government decided to start sending funding to the homeless, but it was not until 1984 that shelters were built to accommodate and feed them. As it was shown though seventy percent required the homeless to attend a religious ceremony and spend only a couple of nights there. In the 1987 McKinney Act the problem with homelessness became known as a huge social problem. Later on, the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (P.L. 107-110) amended the program explicitly to prohibit states that receive McKinney-Vento funds from segregating homeless students from non-homeless students, except for short periods of time for health and safety emergencies or to provide temporary, special, supplementary services. The Chronic Homelessness Initiative. The Bush Administration established a national goal of ending chronic homelessness in ten years, by 2012. The idea of a 10-year plan to end chronic homelessness began as a part of a 10-year plan to end homelessness in general adopted by the National Alliance to End Homelessness (NAEH) in 2000. The following year, then-Secretary Martinez announced HUD's commitment to ending chronic homelessness at the NAEH annual conference. In 2002, as a part of his FY2003 budget, President Bush made \"ending chronic homelessness in the next decade a top objective.\" The bi-partisan, congressionally mandated, Millennial Housing Commission, in its Report to Congress in 2002, included ending chronic homelessness in 10 years among its principal recommendations. By 2003, the Interagency Council on Homelessness had been re-engaged and charged with pursuing the President's 10-year plan. The Administration has recently undertaken some collaborative efforts to reach its goal of ending chronic homelessness in 10 years. On October 1, 2003, the Administration announced the award of over $48 million in grants aimed at serving the needs of the chronically homeless through two initiatives. The \"<hl> Ending Chronic Homelessness through Employment and Housing <hl>\" initiative was a collaborative grant offered jointly by HUD and the Department of Labor (DOL). The initiative offered $10 million from HUD and $3.5 million from DOL to help the chronically homeless in five communities gain access to employment and permanent housing. Section 8 is the core housing program that helps extremely low-income families accommodate the gap between their incomes below 30 percent of the median income for each community. The government assists homeless families by awarding grants and vouchers. Vouchers are available to the families who are most needy and they are used to pay for housing found in the private market. Currently there are policy changes in who receives vouchers and there will be a reduction in the amount of vouchers granted to the homeless population.", "sentence_answer": "The \" <hl> Ending Chronic Homelessness through Employment and Housing <hl> \" initiative was a collaborative grant offered jointly by HUD and the Department of Labor (DOL).", "paragraph_id": "5d6690502b22cd4dfcfbe26a"}
{"question": "How can one party control of the legislative bodies effect politics in the country.", "paragraph": "One feature of the government having a majority in both chambers between 1 July 2005 and the 2007 elections was the potential for an increased emphasis on internal differences between members of the government parties. This period saw the first instances of crossing the floor by senators since the conservative government took office in 1996: Gary Humphries on civil unions in the Australian Capital Territory, and Barnaby Joyce on voluntary student unionism. A more significant potential instance of floor crossing was averted when the government withdrew its Migration Amendment (Designated Unauthorised Arrivals) Bill, of which several government senators had been critical, and which would have been defeated had it proceeded to the vote. The controversy that surrounded these examples demonstrated both the importance of backbenchers in party policy deliberations and the limitations to their power to influence outcomes in the Senate chamber.", "answer": "increased emphasis on internal differences", "sentence": "One feature of the government having a majority in both chambers between 1 July 2005 and the 2007 elections was the potential for an increased emphasis on internal differences between members of the government parties.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> One feature of the government having a majority in both chambers between 1 July 2005 and the 2007 elections was the potential for an increased emphasis on internal differences between members of the government parties. <hl> This period saw the first instances of crossing the floor by senators since the conservative government took office in 1996: Gary Humphries on civil unions in the Australian Capital Territory, and Barnaby Joyce on voluntary student unionism. A more significant potential instance of floor crossing was averted when the government withdrew its Migration Amendment (Designated Unauthorised Arrivals) Bill, of which several government senators had been critical, and which would have been defeated had it proceeded to the vote. The controversy that surrounded these examples demonstrated both the importance of backbenchers in party policy deliberations and the limitations to their power to influence outcomes in the Senate chamber.", "paragraph_answer": "One feature of the government having a majority in both chambers between 1 July 2005 and the 2007 elections was the potential for an <hl> increased emphasis on internal differences <hl> between members of the government parties. This period saw the first instances of crossing the floor by senators since the conservative government took office in 1996: Gary Humphries on civil unions in the Australian Capital Territory, and Barnaby Joyce on voluntary student unionism. A more significant potential instance of floor crossing was averted when the government withdrew its Migration Amendment (Designated Unauthorised Arrivals) Bill, of which several government senators had been critical, and which would have been defeated had it proceeded to the vote. The controversy that surrounded these examples demonstrated both the importance of backbenchers in party policy deliberations and the limitations to their power to influence outcomes in the Senate chamber.", "sentence_answer": "One feature of the government having a majority in both chambers between 1 July 2005 and the 2007 elections was the potential for an <hl> increased emphasis on internal differences <hl> between members of the government parties.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ed7e2b22cd4dfcfbd2e0"}
{"question": "What form of government in Brazil and Portugal spurred the ubiquity of children being given surnames?", "paragraph": "Until the end of the 19th century it was common for women, especially those from a very poor background, not to have a surname and so to be known only by their first names. A woman would then adopt her husband's full surname after marriage. With the advent of republicanism in Brazil and Portugal, along with the institution of civil registries, all children now have surnames.", "answer": "republicanism", "sentence": "With the advent of republicanism in Brazil and Portugal, along with the institution of civil registries, all children now have surnames.", "paragraph_sentence": "Until the end of the 19th century it was common for women, especially those from a very poor background, not to have a surname and so to be known only by their first names. A woman would then adopt her husband's full surname after marriage. <hl> With the advent of republicanism in Brazil and Portugal, along with the institution of civil registries, all children now have surnames. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Until the end of the 19th century it was common for women, especially those from a very poor background, not to have a surname and so to be known only by their first names. A woman would then adopt her husband's full surname after marriage. With the advent of <hl> republicanism <hl> in Brazil and Portugal, along with the institution of civil registries, all children now have surnames.", "sentence_answer": "With the advent of <hl> republicanism <hl> in Brazil and Portugal, along with the institution of civil registries, all children now have surnames.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef512b22cd4dfcfbe5f7"}
{"question": "What is car is currently built in Oxford?", "paragraph": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "answer": "Mini for BMW", "sentence": "Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site.", "paragraph_sentence": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". <hl> Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful Mini for BMW on a smaller site. <hl> A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "paragraph_answer": "Also during the 1920s, the economy and society of Oxford underwent a huge transformation as William Morris established Morris Motors Limited to mass-produce cars in Cowley, on the south-eastern edge of the city. By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the huge Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. By this time, Oxford was a city of two halves: the university city to the west of Magdalen Bridge and the car town to the east. This led to the witticism that \"Oxford is the left bank of Cowley\". Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful <hl> Mini for BMW <hl> on a smaller site. A large area of the original car manufacturing facility at Cowley was demolished in the 1990s and is now the site of the Oxford Business Park.", "sentence_answer": "Cowley suffered major job losses in the 1980s and 1990s during the decline of British Leyland, but is now producing the successful <hl> Mini for BMW <hl> on a smaller site.", "paragraph_id": "5d6761932b22cd4dfcfbf959"}
{"question": "What is the name of another major international organization devoted to neuroscience?", "paragraph": "Other major organizations devoted to neuroscience include the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO), which holds its meetings in a country from a different part of the world each year, and the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS), which holds a meeting in a different European city every two years.  FENS comprises a set of 32 national-level organizations, including the British Neuroscience Association, the German Neuroscience Society (Neurowissenschaftliche Gesellschaft), and the French Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Neurosciences. The first National Honor Society in Neuroscience, Nu Rho Psi, was founded in 2006.", "answer": "Brain Research Organization (IBRO)", "sentence": "Other major organizations devoted to neuroscience include the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) , which holds its meetings in a country from a different part of the world each year, and the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS), which holds a meeting in a different European city every two years.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Other major organizations devoted to neuroscience include the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) , which holds its meetings in a country from a different part of the world each year, and the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS), which holds a meeting in a different European city every two years. <hl> FENS comprises a set of 32 national-level organizations, including the British Neuroscience Association, the German Neuroscience Society (Neurowissenschaftliche Gesellschaft), and the French Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Neurosciences. The first National Honor Society in Neuroscience, Nu Rho Psi, was founded in 2006.", "paragraph_answer": "Other major organizations devoted to neuroscience include the International <hl> Brain Research Organization (IBRO) <hl>, which holds its meetings in a country from a different part of the world each year, and the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS), which holds a meeting in a different European city every two years. FENS comprises a set of 32 national-level organizations, including the British Neuroscience Association, the German Neuroscience Society (Neurowissenschaftliche Gesellschaft), and the French Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Neurosciences. The first National Honor Society in Neuroscience, Nu Rho Psi, was founded in 2006.", "sentence_answer": "Other major organizations devoted to neuroscience include the International <hl> Brain Research Organization (IBRO) <hl> , which holds its meetings in a country from a different part of the world each year, and the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS), which holds a meeting in a different European city every two years.", "paragraph_id": "5d672fab2b22cd4dfcfbf1f2"}
{"question": "How was the African economy disrupted by Merchants?", "paragraph": "Walter Rodney argued that the export of so many people had been a demographic disaster and had left Africa permanently disadvantaged when compared to other parts of the world, and largely explains the continent's continued poverty. He presented numbers showing that Africa's population stagnated during this period, while that of Europe and Asia grew dramatically. According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself.", "answer": "top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving,", "sentence": "According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself.", "paragraph_sentence": "Walter Rodney argued that the export of so many people had been a demographic disaster and had left Africa permanently disadvantaged when compared to other parts of the world, and largely explains the continent's continued poverty. He presented numbers showing that Africa's population stagnated during this period, while that of Europe and Asia grew dramatically. <hl> According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Walter Rodney argued that the export of so many people had been a demographic disaster and had left Africa permanently disadvantaged when compared to other parts of the world, and largely explains the continent's continued poverty. He presented numbers showing that Africa's population stagnated during this period, while that of Europe and Asia grew dramatically. According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the <hl> top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, <hl> and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself.", "sentence_answer": "According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the <hl> top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, <hl> and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b9f62b22cd4dfcfbe46b"}
{"question": "What did John Thorton believe in contrast to other historians?", "paragraph": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade, wrote:", "answer": "that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade", "sentence": "However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade , wrote:", "paragraph_sentence": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". <hl> However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade , wrote: <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Historians have widely debated the nature of the relationship between these African kingdoms and the European traders. The Guyanese historian Walter Rodney (1972) has argued that it was an unequal relationship, with Africans being forced into a \"colonial\" trade with the more economically developed Europeans, exchanging raw materials and human resources (i.e. slaves) for manufactured goods. He argued that it was this economic trade agreement dating back to the 16th century that led to Africa being underdeveloped in his own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton (1998), who argued that \"the Atlantic slave trade was not nearly as critical to the African economy as these scholars believed\" and that \"African manufacturing [at this period] was more than capable of handling competition from preindustrial Europe\". However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion <hl> that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade <hl>, wrote:", "sentence_answer": "However, Anne Bailey, commenting on Thornton's suggestion <hl> that Africans and Europeans were equal partners in the Atlantic slave trade <hl> , wrote:", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1902b22cd4dfcfbd373"}
{"question": "When were the UConn Huskies women's basketball team prevented from winning 91 games in a row?", "paragraph": "The UConn Huskies play NCAA Division I sports and are popular in the state. Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004, when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. In 2014, UConn repeated its feat of being the only school in NCAA Division I to win men's and women's basketball tournaments in the same year. The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008.[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "answer": "2008", "sentence": "The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008 .[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "paragraph_sentence": "The UConn Huskies play NCAA Division I sports and are popular in the state. Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004, when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. In 2014, UConn repeated its feat of being the only school in NCAA Division I to win men's and women's basketball tournaments in the same year. <hl> The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in 2008 .[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The UConn Huskies play NCAA Division I sports and are popular in the state. Both the men's basketball and women's basketball teams have won multiple national championships, including in 2004, when UConn became the first school in NCAA Division I history to have its men's and women's basketball programs win the national title in the same year. In 2014, UConn repeated its feat of being the only school in NCAA Division I to win men's and women's basketball tournaments in the same year. The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in <hl> 2008 <hl>.[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "sentence_answer": "The UConn women's basketball team holds the record for the longest consecutive winning streak in NCAA college basketball at 90 games, a streak that ended in <hl> 2008 <hl> .[citation needed] The UConn Huskies football team has played in the Football Bowl Subdivision since 2002, and has played in four bowl games since.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f68a2b22cd4dfcfbd430"}
{"question": "If the x and y axis are shown vertically and horizontally, how should the z axis be shown in a diagram?", "paragraph": "For three-dimensional systems, a convention is to portray the xy-plane horizontally, with the z axis added to represent height (positive up). Furthermore, there is a convention to orient the x-axis toward the viewer, biased either to the right or left.  If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera. In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective. In any diagram or display, the orientation of the three axes, as a whole, is arbitrary. However, the orientation of the axes relative to each other should always comply with the right-hand rule, unless specifically stated otherwise. All laws of physics and math assume this right-handedness, which ensures consistency.", "answer": "pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera", "sentence": " If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera .", "paragraph_sentence": "For three-dimensional systems, a convention is to portray the xy-plane horizontally, with the z axis added to represent height (positive up). Furthermore, there is a convention to orient the x-axis toward the viewer, biased either to the right or left. <hl> If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera . <hl> In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective. In any diagram or display, the orientation of the three axes, as a whole, is arbitrary. However, the orientation of the axes relative to each other should always comply with the right-hand rule, unless specifically stated otherwise. All laws of physics and math assume this right-handedness, which ensures consistency.", "paragraph_answer": "For three-dimensional systems, a convention is to portray the xy-plane horizontally, with the z axis added to represent height (positive up). Furthermore, there is a convention to orient the x-axis toward the viewer, biased either to the right or left. If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown <hl> pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera <hl>. In such a 2D diagram of a 3D coordinate system, the z axis would appear as a line or ray pointing down and to the left or down and to the right, depending on the presumed viewer or camera perspective. In any diagram or display, the orientation of the three axes, as a whole, is arbitrary. However, the orientation of the axes relative to each other should always comply with the right-hand rule, unless specifically stated otherwise. All laws of physics and math assume this right-handedness, which ensures consistency.", "sentence_answer": " If a diagram (3D projection or 2D perspective drawing) shows the x and y axis horizontally and vertically, respectively, then the z axis should be shown <hl> pointing \"out of the page\" towards the viewer or camera <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661fea2b22cd4dfcfbd979"}
{"question": "When was Zamboanga Medical School Foundation founded?", "paragraph": "In 1994, the Zamboanga Medical School Foundation was founded. Currently, it is now known as the Ateneo de Zamboanga University School of Medicine. It is an innovative medical school which patterned its curriculum from the College of Medicine in the University of New Mexico and the University of Calgary in Canada yet, evolving it to be suitable and unique to the Philippine setting. It is the only medical school in the Philippines offering a 5-year program integrating degrees of Doctor of Medicine and Master of Public Health.", "answer": "1994", "sentence": "In 1994 , the Zamboanga Medical School Foundation was founded.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1994 , the Zamboanga Medical School Foundation was founded. <hl> Currently, it is now known as the Ateneo de Zamboanga University School of Medicine. It is an innovative medical school which patterned its curriculum from the College of Medicine in the University of New Mexico and the University of Calgary in Canada yet, evolving it to be suitable and unique to the Philippine setting. It is the only medical school in the Philippines offering a 5-year program integrating degrees of Doctor of Medicine and Master of Public Health.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1994 <hl>, the Zamboanga Medical School Foundation was founded. Currently, it is now known as the Ateneo de Zamboanga University School of Medicine. It is an innovative medical school which patterned its curriculum from the College of Medicine in the University of New Mexico and the University of Calgary in Canada yet, evolving it to be suitable and unique to the Philippine setting. It is the only medical school in the Philippines offering a 5-year program integrating degrees of Doctor of Medicine and Master of Public Health.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1994 <hl> , the Zamboanga Medical School Foundation was founded.", "paragraph_id": "5d6648612b22cd4dfcfbdbe8"}
{"question": "What type of cloud deck is formed when cool air is trapped under warm air?", "paragraph": "The dew point is the temperature to which a parcel must be cooled in order to become saturated, and (unless super-saturation occurs) condenses to water.  Water vapour normally begins to condense on condensation nuclei such as dust, ice, and salt in order to form clouds.  An elevated portion of a frontal zone forces broad areas of lift, which form clouds decks such as altostratus or cirrostratus.  Stratus is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass.  It can also form due to the lifting of advection fog during breezy conditions.", "answer": "Stratus", "sentence": " Stratus is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass.", "paragraph_sentence": "The dew point is the temperature to which a parcel must be cooled in order to become saturated, and (unless super-saturation occurs) condenses to water. Water vapour normally begins to condense on condensation nuclei such as dust, ice, and salt in order to form clouds. An elevated portion of a frontal zone forces broad areas of lift, which form clouds decks such as altostratus or cirrostratus. <hl> Stratus is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass. <hl> It can also form due to the lifting of advection fog during breezy conditions.", "paragraph_answer": "The dew point is the temperature to which a parcel must be cooled in order to become saturated, and (unless super-saturation occurs) condenses to water. Water vapour normally begins to condense on condensation nuclei such as dust, ice, and salt in order to form clouds. An elevated portion of a frontal zone forces broad areas of lift, which form clouds decks such as altostratus or cirrostratus. <hl> Stratus <hl> is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass. It can also form due to the lifting of advection fog during breezy conditions.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Stratus <hl> is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bc1c2b22cd4dfcfc00fb"}
{"question": "What is the title of the member who controls how a party member may vote.", "paragraph": "The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip. Crossing the floor very rarely occurs, but is more likely in the Senate than in the House of Representatives.", "answer": "party whip", "sentence": "The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip .", "paragraph_sentence": "The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. <hl> The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip . <hl> Crossing the floor very rarely occurs, but is more likely in the Senate than in the House of Representatives.", "paragraph_answer": "The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their <hl> party whip <hl>. Crossing the floor very rarely occurs, but is more likely in the Senate than in the House of Representatives.", "sentence_answer": "The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their <hl> party whip <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9bc2b22cd4dfcfbd261"}
{"question": "What is the main problem with the equation E(X)X=X+1 ?", "paragraph": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \n\n\n\n\u2203\nx\n(\nx\n=\ny\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)}\n\n, in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nx\n(\nx\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)}\n\n, which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t  became bound during the substitution. The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z, so that the formula after substitution is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nz\n(\nz\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)}\n\n, which is again logically valid.", "answer": "which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t  became bound during the substitution.", "sentence": "If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nx\n(\nx\n=\nx\n+\n1\n)\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)}\n\n, which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t  became bound during the substitution. The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z, so that the formula after substitution is \n\n\n\n\u2203\nz\n(\nz", "paragraph_sentence": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \u2203 x ( x = y ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)} , in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. <hl> If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \u2203 x ( x = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)} , which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z, so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z <hl> = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid.", "paragraph_answer": "To see why the restriction on bound variables is necessary, consider the logically valid formula \u03c6 given by \u2203 x ( x = y ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=y)} , in the signature of (0,1,+,\u00d7,=) of arithmetic. If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \u2203 x ( x = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)} , <hl> which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. <hl> The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z, so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists z(z=x+1)} , which is again logically valid.", "sentence_answer": "If t is the term \"x + 1\", the formula \u03c6[t/y] is \u2203 x ( x = x + 1 ) {\\displaystyle \\exists x(x=x+1)} , <hl> which will be false in many interpretations. The problem is that the free variable x of t became bound during the substitution. <hl> The intended replacement can be obtained by renaming the bound variable x of \u03c6 to something else, say z, so that the formula after substitution is \u2203 z ( z", "paragraph_id": "5d6605192b22cd4dfcfbd5c9"}
{"question": "Who bought the slaves?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "answer": "western European slave traders", "sentence": "The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders , with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. <hl> The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to western European slave traders , with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. <hl> The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean from the 15th through to the 19th centuries. The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to <hl> western European slave traders <hl>, with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas. The numbers were so great that Africans who came by way of the slave trade became the most numerous Old World immigrants in both North and South America before the late 18th century. Far more slaves were taken to South America than to the north. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economic system centered on producing commodity crops, and making goods and clothing to sell in Europe, and increasing the numbers of African slaves brought to the New World. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires.", "sentence_answer": "The vast majority of those enslaved that were transported to the New World, many on the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, were West Africans from the central and western parts of the continent sold by other western Africans to <hl> western European slave traders <hl> , with a small minority being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids, and brought to the Americas.", "paragraph_id": "5d65962f2b22cd4dfcfbca30"}
{"question": "How many guards did they disarm during the mission?", "paragraph": "The seven escapees arranged with the Partisans for the rest of the camp to be freed the following day. Next morning, the seven returned with about a hundred Partisans to await the arrival of the work-party by the usual train. As soon as work had begun the Partisans, to quote a New Zealand eye-witness, \"swooped down the hillside and disarmed the eighteen guards\". In a short time prisoners, guards, and civilian overseers were being escorted along the route used by the first seven prisoners the previous evening. At the first headquarters camp reached, details were taken of the total of 132 escaped prisoners for transmission by radio to England. Progress along the evacuation route south was difficult, as German patrols were very active. A night ambush by one such patrol caused the loss of two prisoners and two of the escort. Eventually they reached Semi\u010d, in White Carniola, Slovenia, which was a Partisan base catering for POWs. They were flown across to Bari on 21 September 1944 from the airport of Otok near Gradac.", "answer": "eighteen guards", "sentence": "As soon as work had begun the Partisans, to quote a New Zealand eye-witness, \"swooped down the hillside and disarmed the eighteen guards \".", "paragraph_sentence": "The seven escapees arranged with the Partisans for the rest of the camp to be freed the following day. Next morning, the seven returned with about a hundred Partisans to await the arrival of the work-party by the usual train. <hl> As soon as work had begun the Partisans, to quote a New Zealand eye-witness, \"swooped down the hillside and disarmed the eighteen guards \". <hl> In a short time prisoners, guards, and civilian overseers were being escorted along the route used by the first seven prisoners the previous evening. At the first headquarters camp reached, details were taken of the total of 132 escaped prisoners for transmission by radio to England. Progress along the evacuation route south was difficult, as German patrols were very active. A night ambush by one such patrol caused the loss of two prisoners and two of the escort. Eventually they reached Semi\u010d, in White Carniola, Slovenia, which was a Partisan base catering for POWs. They were flown across to Bari on 21 September 1944 from the airport of Otok near Gradac.", "paragraph_answer": "The seven escapees arranged with the Partisans for the rest of the camp to be freed the following day. Next morning, the seven returned with about a hundred Partisans to await the arrival of the work-party by the usual train. As soon as work had begun the Partisans, to quote a New Zealand eye-witness, \"swooped down the hillside and disarmed the <hl> eighteen guards <hl>\". In a short time prisoners, guards, and civilian overseers were being escorted along the route used by the first seven prisoners the previous evening. At the first headquarters camp reached, details were taken of the total of 132 escaped prisoners for transmission by radio to England. Progress along the evacuation route south was difficult, as German patrols were very active. A night ambush by one such patrol caused the loss of two prisoners and two of the escort. Eventually they reached Semi\u010d, in White Carniola, Slovenia, which was a Partisan base catering for POWs. They were flown across to Bari on 21 September 1944 from the airport of Otok near Gradac.", "sentence_answer": "As soon as work had begun the Partisans, to quote a New Zealand eye-witness, \"swooped down the hillside and disarmed the <hl> eighteen guards <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d67c6992b22cd4dfcfc01c3"}
{"question": "At what rate Americans were suing each other?", "paragraph": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "answer": "high", "sentence": "Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries.", "paragraph_sentence": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. <hl> Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. <hl> This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "paragraph_answer": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very <hl> high <hl> rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "sentence_answer": "Americans sued each other at a very <hl> high <hl> rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6633642b22cd4dfcfbdad5"}
{"question": "What did Michael E. Arth propose?", "paragraph": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\"  His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "answer": "building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless", "sentence": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. <hl> As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\" His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "paragraph_answer": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed <hl> building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless <hl> in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\" His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "sentence_answer": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed <hl> building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless <hl> in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007.", "paragraph_id": "5d665d972b22cd4dfcfbdca1"}
{"question": "What characteristics of an animal effected the desire for them to be domesticated?", "paragraph": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "answer": "The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span", "sentence": "The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals.", "paragraph_sentence": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. <hl> The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. <hl> Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "paragraph_answer": "When hunter-gathering began to be replaced by sedentary food production it became more profitable to keep animals close at hand. Therefore, it became necessary to bring animals permanently to their settlements, although in many cases there was a distinction between relatively sedentary farmers and nomadic herders. <hl> The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span <hl> were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals. Animals that provided milk, such as cows and goats, offered a source of protein that was renewable and therefore quite valuable. The animal\u2019s ability as a worker (for example ploughing or towing), as well as a food source, also had to be taken into account. Besides being a direct source of food, certain animals could provide leather, wool, hides, and fertilizer. Some of the earliest domesticated animals included dogs (East Asia, about 15,000 years ago), sheep, goats, cows, and pigs.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The animals' size, temperament, diet, mating patterns, and life span <hl> were factors in the desire and success in domesticating animals.", "paragraph_id": "5d67422b2b22cd4dfcfbf42b"}
{"question": "What was the Connecticut coast known as in the shellfishing industry in 1911?", "paragraph": "Oyster harvesting was historically an important source of income to towns along the Connecticut coastline. In the 19th century, oystering boomed in New Haven, Bridgeport and Norwalk and achieved modest success in neighboring towns. In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats. This was, at the time, higher than production in New York, Rhode Island, or Massachusetts. During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world. Until 1969, Connecticut laws enacted before World War I restricted the harvesting of oysters in state-owned beds to vessels under sail. These laws prompted the construction of the oyster sloop style vessel to last well into the 20th century. The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut.", "answer": "the oyster capital of the world", "sentence": "During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world .", "paragraph_sentence": "Oyster harvesting was historically an important source of income to towns along the Connecticut coastline. In the 19th century, oystering boomed in New Haven, Bridgeport and Norwalk and achieved modest success in neighboring towns. In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats. This was, at the time, higher than production in New York, Rhode Island, or Massachusetts. <hl> During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world . <hl> Until 1969, Connecticut laws enacted before World War I restricted the harvesting of oysters in state-owned beds to vessels under sail. These laws prompted the construction of the oyster sloop style vessel to last well into the 20th century. The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "Oyster harvesting was historically an important source of income to towns along the Connecticut coastline. In the 19th century, oystering boomed in New Haven, Bridgeport and Norwalk and achieved modest success in neighboring towns. In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats. This was, at the time, higher than production in New York, Rhode Island, or Massachusetts. During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as <hl> the oyster capital of the world <hl>. Until 1969, Connecticut laws enacted before World War I restricted the harvesting of oysters in state-owned beds to vessels under sail. These laws prompted the construction of the oyster sloop style vessel to last well into the 20th century. The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as <hl> the oyster capital of the world <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666a7a2b22cd4dfcfbde62"}
{"question": "Since when year did the US conservative movement work to question climate science?", "paragraph": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "answer": "Since the 1990s", "sentence": "Since the 1990s , a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Since the 1990s , a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. <hl> Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Since the 1990s <hl>, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Since the 1990s <hl> , a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy.", "paragraph_id": "5d6741ab2b22cd4dfcfbf416"}
{"question": "The highly toxic organotin compounds have been used as what?", "paragraph": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "answer": "biocides", "sentence": "Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides .", "paragraph_sentence": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. <hl> Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides . <hl> The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "paragraph_answer": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as <hl> biocides <hl>. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "sentence_answer": "Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as <hl> biocides <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676bef2b22cd4dfcfbfaeb"}
{"question": "Name the type of penalty that continues despite scoring a goal?", "paragraph": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "answer": "major penalty", "sentence": "The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit.", "paragraph_sentence": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. <hl> The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. <hl> A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "paragraph_answer": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or <hl> major penalty <hl> at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "sentence_answer": "The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or <hl> major penalty <hl> at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit.", "paragraph_id": "5d6635d62b22cd4dfcfbdaf0"}
{"question": "What types of homeless populations are identified by the Annual Homeless Assessment Report?", "paragraph": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered. It standardized the data collection processes and created more opportunities for government officials and service providers to remedy the problem of homelessness in the United States.", "answer": "individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered", "sentence": "Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered .", "paragraph_sentence": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. <hl> Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered . <hl> It standardized the data collection processes and created more opportunities for government officials and service providers to remedy the problem of homelessness in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "Over the past decades, the availability and quality of data on homelessness has improved considerably, due, in part, to initiatives by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the US Department of Health and Human Services, the US Department of Veterans Affairs, and several nongovernmental organizations working with homeless populations. Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of <hl> individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered <hl>. It standardized the data collection processes and created more opportunities for government officials and service providers to remedy the problem of homelessness in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "Since 2007, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development has issued an Annual Homeless Assessment Report, which revealed the number of <hl> individuals and families that were homeless, both sheltered and unsheltered <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d6002b22cd4dfcfbce85"}
{"question": "What year did the CBO make an estimate on investments in infrastructure?", "paragraph": "CBO estimated in November 2011 that increased investment in infrastructure would create between 1-6 jobs per $1 million invested; in other words, a $100 billion investment would generate between 100,000 and 600,000 additional jobs. However, other options, such as reducing employers' payroll taxes (especially if limited to firms that increase their payroll), increasing aid to the unemployed, and providing additional refundable tax credits to lower-income households, would generate more jobs per dollar of investment than infrastructure.", "answer": "2011", "sentence": "CBO estimated in November 2011 that increased investment in infrastructure would create between 1-6 jobs per $1 million invested; in other words, a $100 billion investment would generate between 100,000 and 600,000 additional jobs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> CBO estimated in November 2011 that increased investment in infrastructure would create between 1-6 jobs per $1 million invested; in other words, a $100 billion investment would generate between 100,000 and 600,000 additional jobs. <hl> However, other options, such as reducing employers' payroll taxes (especially if limited to firms that increase their payroll), increasing aid to the unemployed, and providing additional refundable tax credits to lower-income households, would generate more jobs per dollar of investment than infrastructure.", "paragraph_answer": "CBO estimated in November <hl> 2011 <hl> that increased investment in infrastructure would create between 1-6 jobs per $1 million invested; in other words, a $100 billion investment would generate between 100,000 and 600,000 additional jobs. However, other options, such as reducing employers' payroll taxes (especially if limited to firms that increase their payroll), increasing aid to the unemployed, and providing additional refundable tax credits to lower-income households, would generate more jobs per dollar of investment than infrastructure.", "sentence_answer": "CBO estimated in November <hl> 2011 <hl> that increased investment in infrastructure would create between 1-6 jobs per $1 million invested; in other words, a $100 billion investment would generate between 100,000 and 600,000 additional jobs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ac482b22cd4dfcfbff8b"}
{"question": "From where do people come to Connectitcut?", "paragraph": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791, or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222 births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 41,718 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "answer": "outside the United States", "sentence": "Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people.", "paragraph_sentence": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791, or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222 births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 41,718 people into the state. <hl> Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. <hl> Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "paragraph_answer": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791, or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222 births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 41,718 people into the state. Immigration from <hl> outside the United States <hl> resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "sentence_answer": "Immigration from <hl> outside the United States <hl> resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people.", "paragraph_id": "5d66188b2b22cd4dfcfbd85f"}
{"question": "Which small tree is a source of quinine?", "paragraph": "About 30,000 species of vascular plants live in the Andes, with roughly half being endemic to the region, surpassing the diversity of any other hotspot. The small tree Cinchona pubescens, a source of quinine which is used to treat malaria, is found widely in the Andes as far south as Bolivia. Other important crops that originated from the Andes are tobacco and potatoes. The high-altitude Polylepis forests and woodlands are found in the Andean areas of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. These trees, by locals referred to as Que\u00f1ua, Yagual and other names, can be found at altitudes of 4,500 m (14,760 ft) above sea level. It remains unclear if the patchy distribution of these forests and woodlands is natural, or the result of clearing which began during the Incan period. Regardless, in modern times the clearance has accelerated, and the trees are now considered to be highly endangered, with some believing that as little as 10% of the original woodland remains.", "answer": "Cinchona pubescens", "sentence": "The small tree Cinchona pubescens , a source of quinine which is used to treat malaria, is found widely in the Andes as far south as Bolivia.", "paragraph_sentence": "About 30,000 species of vascular plants live in the Andes, with roughly half being endemic to the region, surpassing the diversity of any other hotspot. <hl> The small tree Cinchona pubescens , a source of quinine which is used to treat malaria, is found widely in the Andes as far south as Bolivia. <hl> Other important crops that originated from the Andes are tobacco and potatoes. The high-altitude Polylepis forests and woodlands are found in the Andean areas of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. These trees, by locals referred to as Que\u00f1ua, Yagual and other names, can be found at altitudes of 4,500 m (14,760 ft) above sea level. It remains unclear if the patchy distribution of these forests and woodlands is natural, or the result of clearing which began during the Incan period. Regardless, in modern times the clearance has accelerated, and the trees are now considered to be highly endangered, with some believing that as little as 10% of the original woodland remains.", "paragraph_answer": "About 30,000 species of vascular plants live in the Andes, with roughly half being endemic to the region, surpassing the diversity of any other hotspot. The small tree <hl> Cinchona pubescens <hl>, a source of quinine which is used to treat malaria, is found widely in the Andes as far south as Bolivia. Other important crops that originated from the Andes are tobacco and potatoes. The high-altitude Polylepis forests and woodlands are found in the Andean areas of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. These trees, by locals referred to as Que\u00f1ua, Yagual and other names, can be found at altitudes of 4,500 m (14,760 ft) above sea level. It remains unclear if the patchy distribution of these forests and woodlands is natural, or the result of clearing which began during the Incan period. Regardless, in modern times the clearance has accelerated, and the trees are now considered to be highly endangered, with some believing that as little as 10% of the original woodland remains.", "sentence_answer": "The small tree <hl> Cinchona pubescens <hl> , a source of quinine which is used to treat malaria, is found widely in the Andes as far south as Bolivia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6585662b22cd4dfcfbc9eb"}
{"question": "What is the name of their city aquarium?", "paragraph": "Alongside Porto, Rotterdam was European Capital of Culture in 2001. The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium. The city is home to the Willem de Kooning Academy and Piet Zwart Institute.", "answer": "Oceanium", "sentence": "A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium .", "paragraph_sentence": "Alongside Porto, Rotterdam was European Capital of Culture in 2001. The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. <hl> A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium . <hl> The city is home to the Willem de Kooning Academy and Piet Zwart Institute.", "paragraph_answer": "Alongside Porto, Rotterdam was European Capital of Culture in 2001. The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the <hl> Oceanium <hl>. The city is home to the Willem de Kooning Academy and Piet Zwart Institute.", "sentence_answer": "A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the <hl> Oceanium <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8dd2b22cd4dfcfc0067"}
{"question": "With what publication did The Times share an online presence with?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times has its own website. It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities. Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "answer": "The Sunday Times", "sentence": "The Sunday Times has its own website.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Sunday Times has its own website. <hl> It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities. Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Sunday Times <hl> has its own website. It previously shared an online presence with The Times, but in May 2010 they both launched their own sites to reflect their distinct brand identities. Since July 2010, the sites have charged for access.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Sunday Times <hl> has its own website.", "paragraph_id": "5d6733952b22cd4dfcfbf264"}
{"question": "How does first-order logic differ from propositional logic?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects.  It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers.", "answer": "does not use quantifiers", "sentence": "This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers .", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. <hl> This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which does not use quantifiers . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic. First-order logic uses quantified variables over (non-logical) objects. It allows the use of sentences that contain variables, so that rather than propositions such as Socrates is a man one can have expressions in the form X is a man where X is a variable. This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which <hl> does not use quantifiers <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This distinguishes it from propositional logic, which <hl> does not use quantifiers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66954c2b22cd4dfcfbe314"}
{"question": "What does Dominium maris baltici mean?", "paragraph": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League, a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\"Lordship over the Baltic Sea\"). Eventually, it was Sweden that virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea. In Sweden the sea was then referred to as Mare Nostrum Balticum (\"Our Baltic Sea\"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea (Ett Svenskt innanhav). Something that was accomplishes except the rout between Riga in Latvia and Szczecin in Poland.", "answer": "Lordship over the Baltic Sea", "sentence": "In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\" Lordship over the Baltic Sea \").", "paragraph_sentence": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League, a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. <hl> In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\" Lordship over the Baltic Sea \"). <hl> Eventually, it was Sweden that virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea. In Sweden the sea was then referred to as Mare Nostrum Balticum (\"Our Baltic Sea\"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea (Ett Svenskt innanhav). Something that was accomplishes except the rout between Riga in Latvia and Szczecin in Poland.", "paragraph_answer": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League, a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\"<hl> Lordship over the Baltic Sea <hl>\"). Eventually, it was Sweden that virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea. In Sweden the sea was then referred to as Mare Nostrum Balticum (\"Our Baltic Sea\"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea (Ett Svenskt innanhav). Something that was accomplishes except the rout between Riga in Latvia and Szczecin in Poland.", "sentence_answer": "In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\" <hl> Lordship over the Baltic Sea <hl> \").", "paragraph_id": "5d665f202b22cd4dfcfbdcd3"}
{"question": "Marxism-Leninism opposes which kind of democracy?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism. It remains the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, and was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the other ruling parties making up the Eastern Bloc.", "answer": "bourgeois", "sentence": "Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism.", "paragraph_sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. <hl> Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to bourgeois democracy, and opposition to capitalism. <hl> It remains the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, and was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the other ruling parties making up the Eastern Bloc.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of Marxism and Leninism, and seeks to establish socialist states and develop them further. Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to <hl> bourgeois <hl> democracy, and opposition to capitalism. It remains the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, and was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and the other ruling parties making up the Eastern Bloc.", "sentence_answer": "Marxist\u2013Leninists espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of Marxism and Leninism, but generally they support the idea of a vanguard party, one-party state, state-dominance over the economy, internationalism, opposition to <hl> bourgeois <hl> democracy, and opposition to capitalism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6728b72b22cd4dfcfbf11f"}
{"question": "When does Kate Turabian allow apostrophes to make plural acronyms?", "paragraph": "There is a question about how to pluralize acronyms. Often a writer will add an 's' following an apostrophe, as in \"PC's\". However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \"only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters\". Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \"Ph.D.'s\", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\". Also, the American Psychological Association specifically says, \"without an apostrophe\".", "answer": "only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters", "sentence": "However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \" only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters \".", "paragraph_sentence": "There is a question about how to pluralize acronyms. Often a writer will add an 's' following an apostrophe, as in \"PC's\". <hl> However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \" only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters \". <hl> Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \"Ph.D.'s\", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\". Also, the American Psychological Association specifically says, \"without an apostrophe\".", "paragraph_answer": "There is a question about how to pluralize acronyms. Often a writer will add an 's' following an apostrophe, as in \"PC's\". However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \"<hl> only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters <hl>\". Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \"Ph.D.'s\", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\". Also, the American Psychological Association specifically says, \"without an apostrophe\".", "sentence_answer": "However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \" <hl> only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d65a8042b22cd4dfcfbcac7"}
{"question": "What kind of reed is used in the saxophone?", "paragraph": "The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane, but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. Saxophone reeds are proportioned slightly differently from clarinet reeds, being wider for the same length, although some soprano saxophonists use clarinet reeds on the soprano saxophone. Each size of saxophone (alto, tenor, etc.) uses a different size of reed. Reeds are commercially available in a vast array of brands, styles, and strengths. Players experiment with reeds of different strength (hardnesses) and material to find which strength and cut suits their mouthpiece, embouchure, physiology, and playing style.", "answer": "single-reed", "sentence": "The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. <hl> Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane, but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. Saxophone reeds are proportioned slightly differently from clarinet reeds, being wider for the same length, although some soprano saxophonists use clarinet reeds on the soprano saxophone. Each size of saxophone (alto, tenor, etc.) uses a different size of reed. Reeds are commercially available in a vast array of brands, styles, and strengths. Players experiment with reeds of different strength (hardnesses) and material to find which strength and cut suits their mouthpiece, embouchure, physiology, and playing style.", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone uses a <hl> single-reed <hl> mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane, but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. Saxophone reeds are proportioned slightly differently from clarinet reeds, being wider for the same length, although some soprano saxophonists use clarinet reeds on the soprano saxophone. Each size of saxophone (alto, tenor, etc.) uses a different size of reed. Reeds are commercially available in a vast array of brands, styles, and strengths. Players experiment with reeds of different strength (hardnesses) and material to find which strength and cut suits their mouthpiece, embouchure, physiology, and playing style.", "sentence_answer": "The saxophone uses a <hl> single-reed <hl> mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b9862b22cd4dfcfc0090"}
{"question": "During what period did Benin prosper from slavery?", "paragraph": "The kings of Dahomey sold war captives into transatlantic slavery; they would otherwise have been killed in a ceremony known as the Annual Customs. As one of West Africa's principal slave states, Dahomey became extremely unpopular with neighbouring peoples. Like the Bambara Empire to the east, the Khasso kingdoms depended heavily on the slave trade for their economy. A family's status was indicated by the number of slaves it owned, leading to wars for the sole purpose of taking more captives. This trade led the Khasso into increasing contact with the European settlements of Africa's west coast, particularly the French. Benin grew increasingly rich during the 16th and 17th centuries on the slave trade with Europe; slaves from enemy states of the interior were sold, and carried to the Americas in Dutch and Portuguese ships. The Bight of Benin's shore soon came to be known as the \"Slave Coast\".", "answer": "16th and 17th centuries", "sentence": "Benin grew increasingly rich during the 16th and 17th centuries on the slave trade with Europe; slaves from enemy states of the interior were sold, and carried to the Americas in Dutch and Portuguese ships.", "paragraph_sentence": "The kings of Dahomey sold war captives into transatlantic slavery; they would otherwise have been killed in a ceremony known as the Annual Customs. As one of West Africa's principal slave states, Dahomey became extremely unpopular with neighbouring peoples. Like the Bambara Empire to the east, the Khasso kingdoms depended heavily on the slave trade for their economy. A family's status was indicated by the number of slaves it owned, leading to wars for the sole purpose of taking more captives. This trade led the Khasso into increasing contact with the European settlements of Africa's west coast, particularly the French. <hl> Benin grew increasingly rich during the 16th and 17th centuries on the slave trade with Europe; slaves from enemy states of the interior were sold, and carried to the Americas in Dutch and Portuguese ships. <hl> The Bight of Benin's shore soon came to be known as the \"Slave Coast\".", "paragraph_answer": "The kings of Dahomey sold war captives into transatlantic slavery; they would otherwise have been killed in a ceremony known as the Annual Customs. As one of West Africa's principal slave states, Dahomey became extremely unpopular with neighbouring peoples. Like the Bambara Empire to the east, the Khasso kingdoms depended heavily on the slave trade for their economy. A family's status was indicated by the number of slaves it owned, leading to wars for the sole purpose of taking more captives. This trade led the Khasso into increasing contact with the European settlements of Africa's west coast, particularly the French. Benin grew increasingly rich during the <hl> 16th and 17th centuries <hl> on the slave trade with Europe; slaves from enemy states of the interior were sold, and carried to the Americas in Dutch and Portuguese ships. The Bight of Benin's shore soon came to be known as the \"Slave Coast\".", "sentence_answer": "Benin grew increasingly rich during the <hl> 16th and 17th centuries <hl> on the slave trade with Europe; slaves from enemy states of the interior were sold, and carried to the Americas in Dutch and Portuguese ships.", "paragraph_id": "5d664c162b22cd4dfcfbdc06"}
{"question": "When was the Pitt Jazz Ensemble founded?", "paragraph": "University of Pittsburgh Orchestra performs several concerts and consists of music students, students from the University at large, faculty, staff, and members of the metropolitan community. The orchestra performs not only works of the standard art music literature, but also new works of student composers. Pitt Jazz Ensemble, founded in 1969 by saxophonist Dr. Davis, has performed internationally. Pitt African Music and Dance Ensemble, founded in 1983 by a Ghanaian ethnomusicologist Dr. Willie O. Anku, specializes in music and dances from Africa. Under the direction of J. S. Kofi Gbolonyo, it presents a range of African artistic expressions including music, dance, drama and visual arts. Pitt Band, founded in 1911, is the varsity marching band of the University of Pittsburgh and performs at various athletic and other University events.", "answer": "1969", "sentence": "Pitt Jazz Ensemble, founded in 1969 by saxophonist Dr. Davis, has performed internationally.", "paragraph_sentence": "University of Pittsburgh Orchestra performs several concerts and consists of music students, students from the University at large, faculty, staff, and members of the metropolitan community. The orchestra performs not only works of the standard art music literature, but also new works of student composers. <hl> Pitt Jazz Ensemble, founded in 1969 by saxophonist Dr. Davis, has performed internationally. <hl> Pitt African Music and Dance Ensemble, founded in 1983 by a Ghanaian ethnomusicologist Dr. Willie O. Anku, specializes in music and dances from Africa. Under the direction of J. S. Kofi Gbolonyo, it presents a range of African artistic expressions including music, dance, drama and visual arts. Pitt Band, founded in 1911, is the varsity marching band of the University of Pittsburgh and performs at various athletic and other University events.", "paragraph_answer": "University of Pittsburgh Orchestra performs several concerts and consists of music students, students from the University at large, faculty, staff, and members of the metropolitan community. The orchestra performs not only works of the standard art music literature, but also new works of student composers. Pitt Jazz Ensemble, founded in <hl> 1969 <hl> by saxophonist Dr. Davis, has performed internationally. Pitt African Music and Dance Ensemble, founded in 1983 by a Ghanaian ethnomusicologist Dr. Willie O. Anku, specializes in music and dances from Africa. Under the direction of J. S. Kofi Gbolonyo, it presents a range of African artistic expressions including music, dance, drama and visual arts. Pitt Band, founded in 1911, is the varsity marching band of the University of Pittsburgh and performs at various athletic and other University events.", "sentence_answer": "Pitt Jazz Ensemble, founded in <hl> 1969 <hl> by saxophonist Dr. Davis, has performed internationally.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f81e2b22cd4dfcfbe841"}
{"question": "Besides the Europeans, what group of people had a special name for the walled peninsula?", "paragraph": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "answer": "Turks", "sentence": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks . <hl> Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "paragraph_answer": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or <hl> Turks <hl>. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "sentence_answer": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or <hl> Turks <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2192b22cd4dfcfbcbc1"}
{"question": "What would an author write for the preimage of a set and a singleton?", "paragraph": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.  In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "answer": "f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b]", "sentence": "Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "paragraph_sentence": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. <hl> Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write <hl> f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] <hl> for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "sentence_answer": "Thus they would write <hl> f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] <hl> for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "paragraph_id": "5d660c212b22cd4dfcfbd6e5"}
{"question": "How does the College Scholastic Ability Test shorten their name?", "paragraph": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "answer": "Suneung", "sentence": "In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "paragraph_sentence": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). <hl> In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\"). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to <hl> Suneung <hl> (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "sentence_answer": "In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to <hl> Suneung <hl> (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "paragraph_id": "5d657af82b22cd4dfcfbc95a"}
{"question": "Should we use hyphens for these vocabularies?", "paragraph": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions.  The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "answer": "Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms", "sentence": "Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms , though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\".", "paragraph_sentence": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. <hl> Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms , though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". <hl> Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "paragraph_answer": "The definition of these terms is somewhat variable, and many works combine areas in more than one of them, sometimes sliding between them in a single figure; accordingly some writers prefer to avoid all distinctions. The opposite of relief sculpture is counter-relief, intaglio, or cavo-rilievo, where the form is cut into the field or background rather than rising from it; this is very rare in monumental sculpture. <hl> Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms <hl>, though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\". Works in the technique are described as \"in relief\", and, especially in monumental sculpture, the work itself is \"a relief\".", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Hyphens may or may not be used in all these terms <hl> , though they are rarely seen in \"sunk relief\" and are usual in \"bas-relief\" and \"counter-relief\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5742b22cd4dfcfbe7a8"}
{"question": "What did people want the Republican Party name to not be known as a support of?", "paragraph": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "answer": "slavery", "sentence": "[that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery \".", "paragraph_sentence": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' <hl> [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of slavery \". <hl> The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "paragraph_answer": "The party's founding members chose the name \"Republican Party\" in the mid-1850s as homage to the values of republicanism promoted by Thomas Jefferson's Republican party. The idea for the name came from an editorial by the party's leading publicist Horace Greeley, who called for, \"some simple name like 'Republican' [that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of <hl> slavery <hl>\". The name reflects the 1776 republican values of civic virtue and opposition to aristocracy and corruption. It is important to note that \"republican\" has a variety of meanings around the world, and the U.S. Republican Party has evolved such that the meanings no longer always align.", "sentence_answer": "[that] would more fitly designate those who had united to restore the Union to its true mission of champion and promulgator of Liberty rather than propagandist of <hl> slavery <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d6735f92b22cd4dfcfbf29a"}
{"question": "What number was the peak of circulation for The Sunday Times?", "paragraph": "In common with other newspapers, The Sunday Times has been hit by a fall in circulation, which has declined from a peak of 1.3 million to just over 800,000. It has a number of digital-only subscribers, which numbered 59,000 by March 2014.", "answer": "1.3 million", "sentence": "In common with other newspapers, The Sunday Times has been hit by a fall in circulation, which has declined from a peak of 1.3 million to just over 800,000.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In common with other newspapers, The Sunday Times has been hit by a fall in circulation, which has declined from a peak of 1.3 million to just over 800,000. <hl> It has a number of digital-only subscribers, which numbered 59,000 by March 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "In common with other newspapers, The Sunday Times has been hit by a fall in circulation, which has declined from a peak of <hl> 1.3 million <hl> to just over 800,000. It has a number of digital-only subscribers, which numbered 59,000 by March 2014.", "sentence_answer": "In common with other newspapers, The Sunday Times has been hit by a fall in circulation, which has declined from a peak of <hl> 1.3 million <hl> to just over 800,000.", "paragraph_id": "5d6731d52b22cd4dfcfbf220"}
{"question": "What name was given to the fans of jungle?", "paragraph": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "answer": "junglists", "sentence": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists ) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as junglists ) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. <hl> The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as <hl> junglists <hl>) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture. The genre further developed, incorporating and fusing elements from a wide range of existing musical genres, including the raggamuffin sound, dancehall, MC chants, dub basslines, and increasingly complex, heavily edited breakbeat percussion. Despite the affiliation with the ecstasy-fuelled rave scene, Jungle also inherited some associations with violence and criminal activity, both from the gang culture that had affected the UK's hip-hop scene and as a consequence of jungle's often aggressive or menacing sound and themes of violence (usually reflected in the choice of samples). However, this developed in tandem with the often positive reputation of the music as part of the wider rave scene and dancehall-based Jamaican music culture prevalent in London. By 1995, whether as a reaction to, or independently of this cultural schism, some jungle producers began to move away from the ragga-influenced style and create what would become collectively labelled, for convenience, as drum and bass.", "sentence_answer": "By 1994 jungle had begun to gain mainstream popularity and fans of the music (often referred to as <hl> junglists <hl> ) became a more recognizable part of youth subculture.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a5e12b22cd4dfcfbe3a3"}
{"question": "What was New England's population in 1725?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "250,000", "sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). <hl> As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to <hl> 250,000 <hl> in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to <hl> 250,000 <hl> in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2592b22cd4dfcfbcbca"}
{"question": "An earthquake near \u0130zmit killed how many people?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "answer": "18,000", "sentence": "More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. <hl> More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. <hl> The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left <hl> 18,000 <hl> people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "sentence_answer": "More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left <hl> 18,000 <hl> people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ccea2b22cd4dfcfbcd93"}
{"question": "What is the name of the oldest European-built house in the state of New Jersey?", "paragraph": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "answer": "Nothnagle Log House", "sentence": "The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. <hl> The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. <hl> It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The <hl> Nothnagle Log House <hl> in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Nothnagle Log House <hl> in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6642b22cd4dfcfbd1d7"}
{"question": "How many Connecticut residents died during the September 11 attack?", "paragraph": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College.\nIn the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center.\nIn 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "answer": "65", "sentence": "In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. <hl> In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. <hl> In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, <hl> 65 <hl> state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "sentence_answer": "In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, <hl> 65 <hl> state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center.", "paragraph_id": "5d66192a2b22cd4dfcfbd887"}
{"question": "Does precipitation increase or decrease with height?", "paragraph": "Though precipitation increases with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 m towering highest mountains of the Andes. This dry steppe climate is considered to be typical of the subtropical position at 32-34\u00b0 S. The valley bottoms have no woods, just dwarf scrub. The largest glaciers, as e.g. the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers do not even reach 10 km in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness. At glacial times, however, c. 20 000 years ago, the glaciers were over ten times longer. On the east side of this section of the Mendozina Andes they flowed down to 2060 m and on the west side to c. 1220 m asl. The massifs of Cerro Aconcagua (6,961 m), Cerro Tupungato (6,550 m) and Nevado Juncal (6,110 m) are tens of kilometres away from each other and were connected by a joint ice stream network. The Andes' dendritic glacier arms, i.e. components of valley glaciers, were up to 112.5 km long, over 1020, i.e. 1250 m thick and overspanned a vertical distance of 5150 altitude metres. The climatic glacier snowline (ELA) was lowered from currently 4600 m to 3200 m at glacial times.", "answer": "precipitation increases", "sentence": "Though precipitation increases with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 m towering highest mountains of the Andes.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Though precipitation increases with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 m towering highest mountains of the Andes. <hl> This dry steppe climate is considered to be typical of the subtropical position at 32-34\u00b0 S. The valley bottoms have no woods, just dwarf scrub. The largest glaciers, as e.g. the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers do not even reach 10 km in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness. At glacial times, however, c. 20 000 years ago, the glaciers were over ten times longer. On the east side of this section of the Mendozina Andes they flowed down to 2060 m and on the west side to c. 1220 m asl. The massifs of Cerro Aconcagua (6,961 m), Cerro Tupungato (6,550 m) and Nevado Juncal (6,110 m) are tens of kilometres away from each other and were connected by a joint ice stream network. The Andes' dendritic glacier arms, i.e. components of valley glaciers, were up to 112.5 km long, over 1020, i.e. 1250 m thick and overspanned a vertical distance of 5150 altitude metres. The climatic glacier snowline (ELA) was lowered from currently 4600 m to 3200 m at glacial times.", "paragraph_answer": "Though <hl> precipitation increases <hl> with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 m towering highest mountains of the Andes. This dry steppe climate is considered to be typical of the subtropical position at 32-34\u00b0 S. The valley bottoms have no woods, just dwarf scrub. The largest glaciers, as e.g. the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers do not even reach 10 km in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness. At glacial times, however, c. 20 000 years ago, the glaciers were over ten times longer. On the east side of this section of the Mendozina Andes they flowed down to 2060 m and on the west side to c. 1220 m asl. The massifs of Cerro Aconcagua (6,961 m), Cerro Tupungato (6,550 m) and Nevado Juncal (6,110 m) are tens of kilometres away from each other and were connected by a joint ice stream network. The Andes' dendritic glacier arms, i.e. components of valley glaciers, were up to 112.5 km long, over 1020, i.e. 1250 m thick and overspanned a vertical distance of 5150 altitude metres. The climatic glacier snowline (ELA) was lowered from currently 4600 m to 3200 m at glacial times.", "sentence_answer": "Though <hl> precipitation increases <hl> with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 m towering highest mountains of the Andes.", "paragraph_id": "5d6583a22b22cd4dfcfbc9d0"}
{"question": "What century were the reservoirs built in the canyons of the Sierra?", "paragraph": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California.  Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century,  Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "answer": "20th", "sentence": " Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century,  Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. <hl> Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. <hl> However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the <hl> 20th <hl> century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "sentence_answer": " Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the <hl> 20th <hl> century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5582b22cd4dfcfbe79d"}
{"question": "What brought back the Connecticut Colony to England?", "paragraph": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "answer": "void in political affairs", "sentence": "In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. <hl> In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. <hl> Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this <hl> void in political affairs <hl> and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this <hl> void in political affairs <hl> and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms.", "paragraph_id": "5d6785fa2b22cd4dfcfbfde6"}
{"question": "Who was responsible for the programs ultimately advanced?", "paragraph": "In March 2010, there were protests about the Governor's proposed cut of $65 million in annual funding to the homeless adult services system. The Bloomberg administration announced an immediate halt to the Advantage program, threatening to cast 15,000 families back into the shelters or onto the streets. A court has delayed the cut until May 2011 because there was doubt over the legality of cancelling the city's commitment. However, the Advantage program itself was consciously advanced by the Bloomberg administration as an alternative to providing long-term affordable housing opportunities for the poor and working class. The result, as the [Coalition for the Homeless] report points out, is that \"Thousands of formerly-homeless children and families have been forced back into homelessness, In addition, Mayor Bloomberg proposed $37 million in cuts to the city's budget for homeless services this year.", "answer": "the Bloomberg administration", "sentence": "However, the Advantage program itself was consciously advanced by the Bloomberg administration as an alternative to providing long-term affordable housing opportunities for the poor and working class.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 2010, there were protests about the Governor's proposed cut of $65 million in annual funding to the homeless adult services system. The Bloomberg administration announced an immediate halt to the Advantage program, threatening to cast 15,000 families back into the shelters or onto the streets. A court has delayed the cut until May 2011 because there was doubt over the legality of cancelling the city's commitment. <hl> However, the Advantage program itself was consciously advanced by the Bloomberg administration as an alternative to providing long-term affordable housing opportunities for the poor and working class. <hl> The result, as the [Coalition for the Homeless] report points out, is that \"Thousands of formerly-homeless children and families have been forced back into homelessness, In addition, Mayor Bloomberg proposed $37 million in cuts to the city's budget for homeless services this year.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 2010, there were protests about the Governor's proposed cut of $65 million in annual funding to the homeless adult services system. The Bloomberg administration announced an immediate halt to the Advantage program, threatening to cast 15,000 families back into the shelters or onto the streets. A court has delayed the cut until May 2011 because there was doubt over the legality of cancelling the city's commitment. However, the Advantage program itself was consciously advanced by <hl> the Bloomberg administration <hl> as an alternative to providing long-term affordable housing opportunities for the poor and working class. The result, as the [Coalition for the Homeless] report points out, is that \"Thousands of formerly-homeless children and families have been forced back into homelessness, In addition, Mayor Bloomberg proposed $37 million in cuts to the city's budget for homeless services this year.", "sentence_answer": "However, the Advantage program itself was consciously advanced by <hl> the Bloomberg administration <hl> as an alternative to providing long-term affordable housing opportunities for the poor and working class.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e43a2b22cd4dfcfbd156"}
{"question": "How much is the education at the military academies?", "paragraph": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "answer": "free", "sentence": "Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent.", "paragraph_sentence": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. <hl> Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. <hl> Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "paragraph_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides <hl> free <hl> education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "sentence_answer": "Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides <hl> free <hl> education to children across the country missing at least one parent.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8722b22cd4dfcfbd47e"}
{"question": "What print section was renamed InGear in 2006?", "paragraph": "John Witherow, who became editor at the end of 1994 (after several months as acting editor), continued the newspaper's expansion. A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage. (It reverted to the name Driving from 7 October 2012, to coincide with the launch of a new standalone website, Sunday Times Driving.)", "answer": "Driving", "sentence": "A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage.", "paragraph_sentence": "John Witherow, who became editor at the end of 1994 (after several months as acting editor), continued the newspaper's expansion. <hl> A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage. <hl> (It reverted to the name Driving from 7 October 2012, to coincide with the launch of a new standalone website, Sunday Times Driving.)", "paragraph_answer": "John Witherow, who became editor at the end of 1994 (after several months as acting editor), continued the newspaper's expansion. A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and <hl> Driving <hl> in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage. (It reverted to the name Driving from 7 October 2012, to coincide with the launch of a new standalone website, Sunday Times Driving.)", "sentence_answer": "A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and <hl> Driving <hl> in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage.", "paragraph_id": "5d672d612b22cd4dfcfbf1b9"}
{"question": "Where in India is the use of two names not universal?", "paragraph": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "answer": "In south India", "sentence": "In south India , where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. <hl> In south India , where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. <hl> In south India <hl>, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In south India <hl> , where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67a5362b22cd4dfcfbfee6"}
{"question": "At one point, the Soviets had a non aggression pact with what power?", "paragraph": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "answer": "Nazi Germany", "sentence": "In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_sentence": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. <hl> In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and <hl> Nazi Germany <hl> agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "sentence_answer": "In 1939, the Soviet Union and <hl> Nazi Germany <hl> agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723662b22cd4dfcfbf044"}
{"question": "Blacks moved into which party in the New Deal era?", "paragraph": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "answer": "Democratic Party", "sentence": "Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. <hl> Blacks moved into the Democratic Party during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. <hl> After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "paragraph_answer": "The New Deal coalition of Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt controlled American politics for most of the next three decades, excepting the two-term presidency of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower. Blacks moved into the <hl> Democratic Party <hl> during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South. After Roosevelt took office in 1933, New Deal legislation sailed through Congress and the economy moved sharply upward from its nadir in early 1933. However, long-term unemployment remained a drag until 1940. In the 1934 midterm elections, 10 Republican senators went down to defeat, leaving them with only 25 against 71 Democrats. The House of Representatives likewise had overwhelming Democratic majorities.", "sentence_answer": "Blacks moved into the <hl> Democratic Party <hl> during the New Deal era; they could vote in the North but not in the South.", "paragraph_id": "5d673d9c2b22cd4dfcfbf3b9"}
{"question": "Which species of hummingbirds can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m?", "paragraph": "Lake Titicaca hosts several endemics, among them the highly endangered Titicaca flightless grebe and Titicaca water frog. A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"cloud forests\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "answer": "hillstars", "sentence": "A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars , can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"cloud forests\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lake Titicaca hosts several endemics, among them the highly endangered Titicaca flightless grebe and Titicaca water frog. <hl> A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars , can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"cloud forests\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. <hl> These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "paragraph_answer": "Lake Titicaca hosts several endemics, among them the highly endangered Titicaca flightless grebe and Titicaca water frog. A few species of hummingbirds, notably some <hl> hillstars <hl>, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"cloud forests\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "sentence_answer": "A few species of hummingbirds, notably some <hl> hillstars <hl> , can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"cloud forests\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina.", "paragraph_id": "5d65874f2b22cd4dfcfbca06"}
{"question": "What percentage of people in Manhattan live in owner-occupied areas?", "paragraph": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "answer": "20.3%", "sentence": "As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). <hl> As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. <hl> Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). As of 2003[update], only <hl> 20.3% <hl> of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2003[update], only <hl> 20.3% <hl> of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx.", "paragraph_id": "5d673bc22b22cd4dfcfbf384"}
{"question": "How many men did the state send to the Civil War?", "paragraph": "Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. The state furnished 55,000 men. They were formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 officers and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy. James H. Ward of Hartford was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War. Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "answer": "55,000", "sentence": "The state furnished 55,000 men.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. <hl> The state furnished 55,000 men. <hl> They were formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 officers and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy. James H. Ward of Hartford was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War. Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut manufacturers played a major role in supplying the Union forces with weapons and supplies during the Civil War. The state furnished <hl> 55,000 <hl> men. They were formed into thirty full regiments of infantry, including two in the U.S. Colored Troops, with several Connecticut men becoming generals. The Navy attracted 250 officers and 2100 men, and Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy. James H. Ward of Hartford was the first U.S. Naval Officer killed in the Civil War. Connecticut casualties included 2088 killed in combat, 2801 dying from disease, and 689 dying in Confederate prison camps.", "sentence_answer": "The state furnished <hl> 55,000 <hl> men.", "paragraph_id": "5d6627462b22cd4dfcfbda2f"}
{"question": "What will the use of vasoactive agents cause?", "paragraph": "The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense.", "answer": "harm and unnecessary expense", "sentence": "The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause <hl> harm and unnecessary expense <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause <hl> harm and unnecessary expense <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66809b2b22cd4dfcfbe0e5"}
{"question": "In which state does the violence takes part in?", "paragraph": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "answer": "Manipur", "sentence": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. <hl> There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "paragraph_answer": "The violence in <hl> Manipur <hl> extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "sentence_answer": "The violence in <hl> Manipur <hl> extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups.", "paragraph_id": "5d6837d12b22cd4dfcfc0692"}
{"question": "What President released a major report on gender equality?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality . <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl>. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and <hl> President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbeda7"}
{"question": "What kind of movement characterizes this dance?", "paragraph": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. The costume is elegant, as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. This dance is very exciting. Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami has put Manipuri Rasa Leela on the global map with its performance in many prestigious events like many World Conference on science and religion, United Religions Initiative conference, Kumbha Mela and many more.[citation needed]", "answer": "graceful and slow", "sentence": "This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India.", "paragraph_sentence": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. <hl> This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. <hl> The costume is elegant, as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. This dance is very exciting. Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami has put Manipuri Rasa Leela on the global map with its performance in many prestigious events like many World Conference on science and religion, United Religions Initiative conference, Kumbha Mela and many more.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. This <hl> graceful and slow <hl> movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. The costume is elegant, as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. This dance is very exciting. Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami has put Manipuri Rasa Leela on the global map with its performance in many prestigious events like many World Conference on science and religion, United Religions Initiative conference, Kumbha Mela and many more.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "This <hl> graceful and slow <hl> movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India.", "paragraph_id": "5d6787a92b22cd4dfcfbfe0b"}
{"question": "For what kind of ensemble was the saxophone made?", "paragraph": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "answer": "military bands", "sentence": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. <hl> Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian military bands took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. <hl> Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone first gained popularity in one of the uses it was designed for: the military band. Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian <hl> military bands <hl> took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed. Most French and Belgian military bands incorporate at least a quartet of saxophones comprising at least the E\u266d baritone, B\u266d tenor, E\u266d alto and B\u266d soprano. These four instruments have proved the most popular of all of Sax's creations, with the E\u266d contrabass and B\u266d bass usually considered impractically large and the E\u266d sopranino insufficiently powerful. British military bands tend to include at minimum two saxophonists on the alto and tenor. Today, the saxophone is used in military bands all around the world.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Although the instrument was studiously ignored in Germany at first, French and Belgian <hl> military bands <hl> took full advantage of the instrument that Sax had designed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6721e52b22cd4dfcfbf008"}
{"question": "Who once referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill?\"", "paragraph": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "answer": "Prime Minister Paul Keating", "sentence": "Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. <hl> Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". <hl> The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "paragraph_answer": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former <hl> Prime Minister Paul Keating <hl> famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "sentence_answer": "Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former <hl> Prime Minister Paul Keating <hl> famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66d7f52b22cd4dfcfbe4bf"}
{"question": "Who was the final Ottoman sultan?", "paragraph": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "answer": "Mehmed VI", "sentence": "The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI , was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. <hl> The final Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI , was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the early 20th century, the Young Turk Revolution deposed Sultan Abdul Hamid II and a series of wars plagued the ailing empire's capital. The last of these, World War I, resulted in the British, French, and Italian occupation of Constantinople. The Armenian population of the city was also affected by the deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, in which leaders of the Armenian community were arrested and mostly killed as part of the Armenian Genocide. To commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide, 24 April has now become the day of remembrance. The final Ottoman sultan, <hl> Mehmed VI <hl>, was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "sentence_answer": "The final Ottoman sultan, <hl> Mehmed VI <hl> , was exiled in November 1922; the following year, the occupation of Constantinople ended with the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne and the recognition of the Republic of Turkey, declared by Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c88e2b22cd4dfcfbcd2f"}
{"question": "What does shallow-relief imply?", "paragraph": "There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field, for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used.  The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements.  There is also sunk relief, which was mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below).  However the distinction between high relief and low relief is the clearest and most important, and these two are generally the only terms used to discuss most work.", "answer": "where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements", "sentence": " The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements .", "paragraph_sentence": "There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field, for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used. <hl> The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements . <hl> There is also sunk relief, which was mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below). However the distinction between high relief and low relief is the clearest and most important, and these two are generally the only terms used to discuss most work.", "paragraph_answer": "There are different degrees of relief depending on the degree of projection of the sculpted form from the field, for which the Italian appellations are still sometimes used. The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, <hl> where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements <hl>. There is also sunk relief, which was mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below). However the distinction between high relief and low relief is the clearest and most important, and these two are generally the only terms used to discuss most work.", "sentence_answer": " The full range includes high relief (alto-rilievo), where more than 50% of the depth is shown and there may be undercut areas, mid-relief (mezzo-rilievo), low-relief (basso-rilievo, or French: bas-relief /\u02ccb\u0251\u02d0r\u026a\u02c8li\u02d0f/), and shallow-relief or rilievo schiacciato, <hl> where the plane is only very slightly lower than the sculpted elements <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4cd2b22cd4dfcfbe772"}
{"question": "What was the name of the operation that gave support to Partisans in 1944?", "paragraph": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "answer": "Operation Flotsam", "sentence": "With Allied air support ( Operation Flotsam )", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With Allied air support ( Operation Flotsam ) <hl> and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "With Allied air support (<hl> Operation Flotsam <hl>) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "With Allied air support ( <hl> Operation Flotsam <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d67ba0d2b22cd4dfcfc00b4"}
{"question": "In what year was Germany unified?", "paragraph": "During the Crimean War, a joint British and French fleet attacked the Russian fortresses in the Baltic. They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki; and Kronstadt, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed Bomarsund in the \u00c5land Islands. After the unification of Germany in 1871, the whole southern coast became German. World War I was partly fought in the Baltic Sea. After 1920 Poland was connected to the Baltic Sea by the Polish Corridor and enlarged the port of Gdynia in rivalry with the port of the Free City of Danzig.", "answer": "1871", "sentence": "After the unification of Germany in 1871 , the whole southern coast became German.", "paragraph_sentence": "During the Crimean War, a joint British and French fleet attacked the Russian fortresses in the Baltic. They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki; and Kronstadt, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed Bomarsund in the \u00c5land Islands. <hl> After the unification of Germany in 1871 , the whole southern coast became German. <hl> World War I was partly fought in the Baltic Sea. After 1920 Poland was connected to the Baltic Sea by the Polish Corridor and enlarged the port of Gdynia in rivalry with the port of the Free City of Danzig.", "paragraph_answer": "During the Crimean War, a joint British and French fleet attacked the Russian fortresses in the Baltic. They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki; and Kronstadt, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed Bomarsund in the \u00c5land Islands. After the unification of Germany in <hl> 1871 <hl>, the whole southern coast became German. World War I was partly fought in the Baltic Sea. After 1920 Poland was connected to the Baltic Sea by the Polish Corridor and enlarged the port of Gdynia in rivalry with the port of the Free City of Danzig.", "sentence_answer": "After the unification of Germany in <hl> 1871 <hl> , the whole southern coast became German.", "paragraph_id": "5d663bec2b22cd4dfcfbdb3e"}
{"question": "What is called the most crucial step in history?", "paragraph": "According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and Tiridates III, the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator. Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion (the first state to do so) has been referred to Nina Garso\u00efan as \"probably the most crucial step in its history.\"  This conversion distinguished it from its Iranian and Mazdean roots and protected it from further Parthian influence. Other scholars as well have stated that the acceptance of Christianity by the Arsacid-Armenian rulers was partly, in defiance of the Sassanids.", "answer": "Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion", "sentence": "Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion (the first state to do so) has been referred to Nina Garso\u00efan as \"probably the most crucial step in its history.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and Tiridates III, the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator. <hl> Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion (the first state to do so) has been referred to Nina Garso\u00efan as \"probably the most crucial step in its history.\" <hl> This conversion distinguished it from its Iranian and Mazdean roots and protected it from further Parthian influence. Other scholars as well have stated that the acceptance of Christianity by the Arsacid-Armenian rulers was partly, in defiance of the Sassanids.", "paragraph_answer": "According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and Tiridates III, the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator. <hl> Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion <hl> (the first state to do so) has been referred to Nina Garso\u00efan as \"probably the most crucial step in its history.\" This conversion distinguished it from its Iranian and Mazdean roots and protected it from further Parthian influence. Other scholars as well have stated that the acceptance of Christianity by the Arsacid-Armenian rulers was partly, in defiance of the Sassanids.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion <hl> (the first state to do so) has been referred to Nina Garso\u00efan as \"probably the most crucial step in its history.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65879e2b22cd4dfcfbca10"}
{"question": "What is NF-kB?", "paragraph": "A fairly recent emphasis is on the link between low-grade inflammation that hallmarks atherosclerosis and its possible interventions. C-reactive protein is a common inflammatory marker that has been found to be present in increased levels in patients who are at risk for cardiovascular disease.  Also osteoprotegerin, which is involved with regulation of a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality.", "answer": "key inflammatory transcription factor", "sentence": "a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality.", "paragraph_sentence": "A fairly recent emphasis is on the link between low-grade inflammation that hallmarks atherosclerosis and its possible interventions. C-reactive protein is a common inflammatory marker that has been found to be present in increased levels in patients who are at risk for cardiovascular disease. Also osteoprotegerin, which is involved with regulation of <hl> a key inflammatory transcription factor called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A fairly recent emphasis is on the link between low-grade inflammation that hallmarks atherosclerosis and its possible interventions. C-reactive protein is a common inflammatory marker that has been found to be present in increased levels in patients who are at risk for cardiovascular disease. Also osteoprotegerin, which is involved with regulation of a <hl> key inflammatory transcription factor <hl> called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality.", "sentence_answer": "a <hl> key inflammatory transcription factor <hl> called NF-\u03baB, has been found to be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6663412b22cd4dfcfbdd52"}
{"question": "Few large what exists in the Andean forests?", "paragraph": "Lake Titicaca hosts several endemics, among them the highly endangered Titicaca flightless grebe and Titicaca water frog. A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"cloud forests\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "answer": "mammals", "sentence": "These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lake Titicaca hosts several endemics, among them the highly endangered Titicaca flightless grebe and Titicaca water frog. A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"cloud forests\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. <hl> These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large mammals exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Lake Titicaca hosts several endemics, among them the highly endangered Titicaca flightless grebe and Titicaca water frog. A few species of hummingbirds, notably some hillstars, can be seen at altitudes above 4,000 m (13,100 ft), but far higher diversities can be found at lower altitudes, especially in the humid Andean forests (\"cloud forests\") growing on slopes in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and far northwestern Argentina. These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large <hl> mammals <hl> exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "sentence_answer": "These forest-types, which includes the Yungas and parts of the Choc\u00f3, are very rich in flora and fauna, although few large <hl> mammals <hl> exist, exceptions being the threatened mountain tapir, spectacled bear and yellow-tailed woolly monkey.", "paragraph_id": "5d65874f2b22cd4dfcfbca09"}
{"question": "How many possible directions does the z axis have?", "paragraph": "Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line.  The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed'.  The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "answer": "two", "sentence": "Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line. <hl> The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed'. The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "paragraph_answer": "Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are <hl> two <hl> possible directions on this line. The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed'. The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "sentence_answer": "Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are <hl> two <hl> possible directions on this line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6622c32b22cd4dfcfbd9c7"}
{"question": "What place uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls instead of municipality?", "paragraph": "Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands, are subdivided into municipalities. Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "answer": "American Samoa", "sentence": "Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "paragraph_sentence": "Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands, are subdivided into municipalities. <hl> Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands, are subdivided into municipalities. Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, <hl> American Samoa <hl> uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "sentence_answer": "Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, <hl> American Samoa <hl> uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "paragraph_id": "5d6771d92b22cd4dfcfbfc02"}
{"question": "What took place in 1968 to help propel the re-evaluation of the Western value system?", "paragraph": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism.  It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "answer": "the Social Revolution", "sentence": "These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement.", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. <hl> These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. <hl> Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in <hl> the Social Revolution <hl> of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "sentence_answer": "These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in <hl> the Social Revolution <hl> of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2e2b22cd4dfcfbf62f"}
{"question": "What building material was reinvented during the industrial revolution?", "paragraph": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "answer": "concrete", "sentence": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of concrete (see History of Concrete). <hl> The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "paragraph_answer": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of <hl> concrete <hl> (see History of Concrete). The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have since developed into computer-based applications pioneered in the 1970s.", "sentence_answer": "No record exists of the first calculations of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the Industrial Revolution and the re-invention of <hl> concrete <hl> (see History of Concrete).", "paragraph_id": "5d6760fa2b22cd4dfcfbf93a"}
{"question": "What is relief example in Central Java?", "paragraph": "Mid-relief is probably the most common type of relief found in the Hindu and Buddhist art art of India and Southeast Asia. The low reliefs of 2nd-century BCE to 6th-century CE Ajanta Caves and 5th to 10th-century Ellora Caves in India are rock reliefs. Most of these reliefs are used to narrate sacred scriptures, such as the 1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple in Central Java, Indonesia, narrating the Jataka tales or lives of the Buddha. Other examples are low reliefs narrating the Ramayana Hindu epic in Prambanan temple, also in Java, in Cambodia, the temples of Angkor, with scenes including the Samudra manthan or \"Churning the Ocean of Milk\" at the 12th-century Angkor Wat, and reliefs of apsaras. At Bayon temple in Angkor Thom there are scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire.", "answer": "1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple", "sentence": "Most of these reliefs are used to narrate sacred scriptures, such as the 1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple in Central Java, Indonesia, narrating the Jataka tales or lives of the Buddha.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mid-relief is probably the most common type of relief found in the Hindu and Buddhist art art of India and Southeast Asia. The low reliefs of 2nd-century BCE to 6th-century CE Ajanta Caves and 5th to 10th-century Ellora Caves in India are rock reliefs. <hl> Most of these reliefs are used to narrate sacred scriptures, such as the 1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple in Central Java, Indonesia, narrating the Jataka tales or lives of the Buddha. <hl> Other examples are low reliefs narrating the Ramayana Hindu epic in Prambanan temple, also in Java, in Cambodia, the temples of Angkor, with scenes including the Samudra manthan or \"Churning the Ocean of Milk\" at the 12th-century Angkor Wat, and reliefs of apsaras. At Bayon temple in Angkor Thom there are scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Mid-relief is probably the most common type of relief found in the Hindu and Buddhist art art of India and Southeast Asia. The low reliefs of 2nd-century BCE to 6th-century CE Ajanta Caves and 5th to 10th-century Ellora Caves in India are rock reliefs. Most of these reliefs are used to narrate sacred scriptures, such as the <hl> 1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple <hl> in Central Java, Indonesia, narrating the Jataka tales or lives of the Buddha. Other examples are low reliefs narrating the Ramayana Hindu epic in Prambanan temple, also in Java, in Cambodia, the temples of Angkor, with scenes including the Samudra manthan or \"Churning the Ocean of Milk\" at the 12th-century Angkor Wat, and reliefs of apsaras. At Bayon temple in Angkor Thom there are scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire.", "sentence_answer": "Most of these reliefs are used to narrate sacred scriptures, such as the <hl> 1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple <hl> in Central Java, Indonesia, narrating the Jataka tales or lives of the Buddha.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fa0d2b22cd4dfcfc04b5"}
{"question": "What area receives the most precipitation?", "paragraph": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong. The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "answer": "Tamenglong", "sentence": "Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong .", "paragraph_sentence": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). <hl> Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong . <hl> The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in <hl> Tamenglong <hl>. The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in <hl> Tamenglong <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6710392b22cd4dfcfbed11"}
{"question": "What is the name of the agreement between the United States and the Pacific Islands?", "paragraph": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "answer": "Compact of Free Association", "sentence": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. <hl> The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the Compact of Free Association (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the territories noted above, the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from July 18, 1947 until October 1, 1994. The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the <hl> Compact of Free Association <hl> (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "sentence_answer": "The trust territory was subsequently divided into four political entities\u2014the Northern Mariana Islands, listed above, and three freely-associated states with which the United States has entered into the <hl> Compact of Free Association <hl> (ISO 3166-1 codes in parentheses):", "paragraph_id": "5d6771862b22cd4dfcfbfbef"}
{"question": "What is head contact?", "paragraph": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \"Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. Not only are lacerations common, \"it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all [hockey] injuries. Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade.\"[citation needed] One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind. Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind, many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\"). Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\"). A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player's head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the opponent player's head. The most dangerous result of a head injury in hockey can be classified as a concussion. Most concussions occur during player-to-player contact rather than when a player is checked into the boards. Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered. Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there is no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious. This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention. Studies show that, ice hockey causes 44.3% of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children. In severe cases, the traumatic brain injuries are capable of resulting in death. Occurrences of death from these injuries are rare, but occur all too much in a variety of sports.", "answer": "a check to the head", "sentence": "Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\").", "paragraph_sentence": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \"Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. Not only are lacerations common, \"it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all [hockey] injuries. Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade. \"[citation needed] One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind. Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind, many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\"). <hl> Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\"). <hl> A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player's head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the opponent player's head. The most dangerous result of a head injury in hockey can be classified as a concussion. Most concussions occur during player-to-player contact rather than when a player is checked into the boards. Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered. Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there is no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious. This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention. Studies show that, ice hockey causes 44.3% of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children. In severe cases, the traumatic brain injuries are capable of resulting in death. Occurrences of death from these injuries are rare, but occur all too much in a variety of sports.", "paragraph_answer": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \"Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. Not only are lacerations common, \"it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all [hockey] injuries. Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade.\"[citation needed] One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind. Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind, many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\"). Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is <hl> a check to the head <hl> resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\"). A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player's head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the opponent player's head. The most dangerous result of a head injury in hockey can be classified as a concussion. Most concussions occur during player-to-player contact rather than when a player is checked into the boards. Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered. Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there is no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious. This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention. Studies show that, ice hockey causes 44.3% of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children. In severe cases, the traumatic brain injuries are capable of resulting in death. Occurrences of death from these injuries are rare, but occur all too much in a variety of sports.", "sentence_answer": "Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is <hl> a check to the head <hl> resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\").", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8da2b22cd4dfcfbcd61"}
{"question": "Which colony did James Oglethrope establish?", "paragraph": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems. At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. This plan would both rid Great Britain of its undesirable elements and provide her with a base from which to attack Florida. The first colonists arrived in 1733.", "answer": "the Georgia Colony", "sentence": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established the Georgia Colony in 1733 as a common solution to two problems. <hl> At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. This plan would both rid Great Britain of its undesirable elements and provide her with a base from which to attack Florida. The first colonists arrived in 1733.", "paragraph_answer": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established <hl> the Georgia Colony <hl> in 1733 as a common solution to two problems. At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. Oglethorpe decided to establish a colony in the contested border region of Georgia and populate it with debtors who would otherwise have been imprisoned according to standard British practice. This plan would both rid Great Britain of its undesirable elements and provide her with a base from which to attack Florida. The first colonists arrived in 1733.", "sentence_answer": "James Oglethorpe, an 18th-century British Member of Parliament, established <hl> the Georgia Colony <hl> in 1733 as a common solution to two problems.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fde92b22cd4dfcfbd4fa"}
{"question": "How were lower levels of the population disrupted?", "paragraph": "Walter Rodney argued that the export of so many people had been a demographic disaster and had left Africa permanently disadvantaged when compared to other parts of the world, and largely explains the continent's continued poverty. He presented numbers showing that Africa's population stagnated during this period, while that of Europe and Asia grew dramatically. According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself.", "answer": "slaving itself.", "sentence": "According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself.", "paragraph_sentence": "Walter Rodney argued that the export of so many people had been a demographic disaster and had left Africa permanently disadvantaged when compared to other parts of the world, and largely explains the continent's continued poverty. He presented numbers showing that Africa's population stagnated during this period, while that of Europe and Asia grew dramatically. <hl> According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the slaving itself. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Walter Rodney argued that the export of so many people had been a demographic disaster and had left Africa permanently disadvantaged when compared to other parts of the world, and largely explains the continent's continued poverty. He presented numbers showing that Africa's population stagnated during this period, while that of Europe and Asia grew dramatically. According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the <hl> slaving itself. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "According to Rodney, all other areas of the economy were disrupted by the slave trade as the top merchants abandoned traditional industries to pursue slaving, and the lower levels of the population were disrupted by the <hl> slaving itself. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d66b9f62b22cd4dfcfbe46c"}
{"question": "What geologic factor was the fundamental cause of locating Manhattan's skyscrapers near the middle part of the borough?", "paragraph": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "answer": "the depth to bedrock", "sentence": "It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas.", "paragraph_sentence": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. <hl> It has been widely believed that the depth to bedrock was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. <hl> However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "paragraph_answer": "Geologically, a predominant feature of the substrata of Manhattan is that the underlying bedrock base of the island rises considerably closer to the surface near Midtown Manhattan, dips down lower between 29th Street and Canal Street, then rises toward the surface again in Lower Manhattan. It has been widely believed that <hl> the depth to bedrock <hl> was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas. However, research has shown that economic factors played a bigger part in the locations of these skyscrapers.", "sentence_answer": "It has been widely believed that <hl> the depth to bedrock <hl> was the primary underlying reason for the clustering of skyscrapers in the Midtown and Financial District areas, and their absence over the intervening territory between these two areas.", "paragraph_id": "5d672b382b22cd4dfcfbf17a"}
{"question": "Basil II ruled Constantinople until what year?", "paragraph": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025. The final blow was given by the conquest of Villardouin and Enrico Dandolo in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade,  where the City was sacked and pillaged. The city subsequently became the center of the Latin Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. Aghia Sophia was converted to a catholic church in 1204. Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair, and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century.[d] After the reconquest of 1261, however some of the City's monuments were restored, like the 2 Deisis mosaics in Aghia Sofia and Kariye were created.", "answer": "1025", "sentence": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in 1025 . <hl> The final blow was given by the conquest of Villardouin and Enrico Dandolo in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade, where the City was sacked and pillaged. The city subsequently became the center of the Latin Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. Aghia Sophia was converted to a catholic church in 1204. Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair, and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century.[d] After the reconquest of 1261, however some of the City's monuments were restored, like the 2 Deisis mosaics in Aghia Sofia and Kariye were created.", "paragraph_answer": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in <hl> 1025 <hl>. The final blow was given by the conquest of Villardouin and Enrico Dandolo in 1204 during the Fourth Crusade, where the City was sacked and pillaged. The city subsequently became the center of the Latin Empire, created by Catholic crusaders to replace the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. Aghia Sophia was converted to a catholic church in 1204. Byzantine Empire was restored, albeit weakened, in 1261. Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair, and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century.[d] After the reconquest of 1261, however some of the City's monuments were restored, like the 2 Deisis mosaics in Aghia Sofia and Kariye were created.", "sentence_answer": "Constantinople began to decline continuously after the end of the reign of Basil II in <hl> 1025 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2d32b22cd4dfcfbd0fd"}
{"question": "What are important fatty acids called?", "paragraph": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "answer": "eicosanoids", "sentence": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids , derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the eicosanoids , derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. <hl> Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "paragraph_answer": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the <hl> eicosanoids <hl>, derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes. Docosahexaenoic acid is also important in biological systems, particularly with respect to sight. Other major lipid classes in the fatty acid category are the fatty esters and fatty amides. Fatty esters include important biochemical intermediates such as wax esters, fatty acid thioester coenzyme A derivatives, fatty acid thioester ACP derivatives and fatty acid carnitines. The fatty amides include N-acyl ethanolamines, such as the cannabinoid neurotransmitter anandamide.", "sentence_answer": "Examples of biologically important fatty acids include the <hl> eicosanoids <hl> , derived primarily from arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, that include prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d9742b22cd4dfcfc031a"}
{"question": "What comes in a wide variety of materials?", "paragraph": "Mouthpieces come in a wide variety of materials, including vulcanized rubber (sometimes called hard rubber or ebonite), plastic, and metals such as bronze or surgical steel. Less common materials that have been used include wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone. According to Larry Teal, the mouthpiece material has little, if any, effect on the sound, and the physical dimensions give a mouthpiece its tone colour. There are examples of \"dark\" sounding metal pieces and \"bright\" sounding hard rubber pieces.  Some contend that instability at the mouthpiece/neck connection moves harmonic frequencies off series with the fundamental frequency and each other, resulting in a \"spread\" sound, and that the weight of a metal mouthpiece counteracts that instability, increasing tonal \"focus.\"  Mouthpiece design has a profound impact on tone.", "answer": "Mouthpieces", "sentence": "Mouthpieces come in a wide variety of materials, including vulcanized rubber (sometimes called hard rubber or ebonite), plastic, and metals such as bronze or surgical steel.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Mouthpieces come in a wide variety of materials, including vulcanized rubber (sometimes called hard rubber or ebonite), plastic, and metals such as bronze or surgical steel. <hl> Less common materials that have been used include wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone. According to Larry Teal, the mouthpiece material has little, if any, effect on the sound, and the physical dimensions give a mouthpiece its tone colour. There are examples of \"dark\" sounding metal pieces and \"bright\" sounding hard rubber pieces. Some contend that instability at the mouthpiece/neck connection moves harmonic frequencies off series with the fundamental frequency and each other, resulting in a \"spread\" sound, and that the weight of a metal mouthpiece counteracts that instability, increasing tonal \"focus.\" Mouthpiece design has a profound impact on tone.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Mouthpieces <hl> come in a wide variety of materials, including vulcanized rubber (sometimes called hard rubber or ebonite), plastic, and metals such as bronze or surgical steel. Less common materials that have been used include wood, glass, crystal, porcelain, and even bone. According to Larry Teal, the mouthpiece material has little, if any, effect on the sound, and the physical dimensions give a mouthpiece its tone colour. There are examples of \"dark\" sounding metal pieces and \"bright\" sounding hard rubber pieces. Some contend that instability at the mouthpiece/neck connection moves harmonic frequencies off series with the fundamental frequency and each other, resulting in a \"spread\" sound, and that the weight of a metal mouthpiece counteracts that instability, increasing tonal \"focus.\" Mouthpiece design has a profound impact on tone.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Mouthpieces <hl> come in a wide variety of materials, including vulcanized rubber (sometimes called hard rubber or ebonite), plastic, and metals such as bronze or surgical steel.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ba032b22cd4dfcfc00af"}
{"question": "What were the names of the Saxophone players?", "paragraph": "Saxophone players such as John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s.  Modal, harmolodic, and free jazz again removed boundaries and the new space was explored with every device that saxophone players could conceive of.  Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered in the new realm.  One lasting influence of the avant-garde movement has been the exploration of non-western ethnic sounds on the saxophone, for example, the Africanized sounds used by Pharoah Sanders.  The devices of the avant-garde movement have continued to be influential in music that challenges the boundaries between avant-garde and other categories of jazz, such as that of alto saxophonists Steve Coleman and Greg Osby.", "answer": "John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders", "sentence": "Saxophone players such as John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Saxophone players such as John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s. <hl> Modal, harmolodic, and free jazz again removed boundaries and the new space was explored with every device that saxophone players could conceive of. Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered in the new realm. One lasting influence of the avant-garde movement has been the exploration of non-western ethnic sounds on the saxophone, for example, the Africanized sounds used by Pharoah Sanders. The devices of the avant-garde movement have continued to be influential in music that challenges the boundaries between avant-garde and other categories of jazz, such as that of alto saxophonists Steve Coleman and Greg Osby.", "paragraph_answer": "Saxophone players such as <hl> John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders <hl> again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s. Modal, harmolodic, and free jazz again removed boundaries and the new space was explored with every device that saxophone players could conceive of. Sheets of sound, tonal exploration, upper harmonics, and multiphonics were hallmarks of the creative possibilities that saxophones offered in the new realm. One lasting influence of the avant-garde movement has been the exploration of non-western ethnic sounds on the saxophone, for example, the Africanized sounds used by Pharoah Sanders. The devices of the avant-garde movement have continued to be influential in music that challenges the boundaries between avant-garde and other categories of jazz, such as that of alto saxophonists Steve Coleman and Greg Osby.", "sentence_answer": "Saxophone players such as <hl> John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Sam Rivers and Pharoah Sanders <hl> again defined the forefront of creative exploration with the avant-garde movement of the 1960s.", "paragraph_id": "5d675b782b22cd4dfcfbf833"}
{"question": "In 1981, who was appointed at the The Times as editor?", "paragraph": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "answer": "Evans", "sentence": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. <hl> In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Evans <hl> was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Evans <hl> was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles.", "paragraph_id": "5d6718042b22cd4dfcfbef16"}
{"question": "What was the outcome of the tests concerning moral dilemmas?", "paragraph": "Fons Trompenaars, author of Did the Pedestrian Die?, tested members of different cultures with various moral dilemmas. One of these was whether the driver of a car would have his friend, a passenger riding in the car, lie in order to protect the driver from the consequences of driving too fast and hitting a pedestrian. Trompenaars found that different cultures had quite different expectations (from none to almost certain).[citation needed]", "answer": "different cultures had quite different expectations", "sentence": "Trompenaars found that different cultures had quite different expectations (from none to almost certain).[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Fons Trompenaars, author of Did the Pedestrian Die?, tested members of different cultures with various moral dilemmas. One of these was whether the driver of a car would have his friend, a passenger riding in the car, lie in order to protect the driver from the consequences of driving too fast and hitting a pedestrian. <hl> Trompenaars found that different cultures had quite different expectations (from none to almost certain).[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Fons Trompenaars, author of Did the Pedestrian Die?, tested members of different cultures with various moral dilemmas. One of these was whether the driver of a car would have his friend, a passenger riding in the car, lie in order to protect the driver from the consequences of driving too fast and hitting a pedestrian. Trompenaars found that <hl> different cultures had quite different expectations <hl> (from none to almost certain).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Trompenaars found that <hl> different cultures had quite different expectations <hl> (from none to almost certain).[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d674b2a2b22cd4dfcfbf55b"}
{"question": "Why were surnames often dropped by Hispanic people?", "paragraph": "It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in. Dropping the paternal surname is not unusual when it is a very common one. For instance, painter Pablo Ruiz Picasso and Spanish Prime Minister Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero are known by their maternal surnames as \"Picasso\" and \"Zapatero\". Similarly, Anglophones with just one surname may be asked to provide a second surname on official documents in Spanish-speaking countries. When none (such as the mother's maiden name) is provided, the last name may simply be repeated.", "answer": "better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in", "sentence": "It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in . <hl> Dropping the paternal surname is not unusual when it is a very common one. For instance, painter Pablo Ruiz Picasso and Spanish Prime Minister Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero are known by their maternal surnames as \"Picasso\" and \"Zapatero\". Similarly, Anglophones with just one surname may be asked to provide a second surname on official documents in Spanish-speaking countries. When none (such as the mother's maiden name) is provided, the last name may simply be repeated.", "paragraph_answer": "It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to <hl> better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in <hl>. Dropping the paternal surname is not unusual when it is a very common one. For instance, painter Pablo Ruiz Picasso and Spanish Prime Minister Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero are known by their maternal surnames as \"Picasso\" and \"Zapatero\". Similarly, Anglophones with just one surname may be asked to provide a second surname on official documents in Spanish-speaking countries. When none (such as the mother's maiden name) is provided, the last name may simply be repeated.", "sentence_answer": "It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to <hl> better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67bbf32b22cd4dfcfc00e8"}
{"question": "In what historic neighborhood is the University of Pittsburgh's main campus located?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning, falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. The campus has been noted for its impressive architecture, and contains an eclectic mix of architecture that includes Greek revival, Neogothic, Italian Renaissance, and modern. It has been termed \"a theme park of replica buildings, representing the architecture of the past speaking to the present.\" The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from the Professional Grounds Management Society.", "answer": "Oakland", "sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic Oakland neighborhood. <hl> Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning, falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. The campus has been noted for its impressive architecture, and contains an eclectic mix of architecture that includes Greek revival, Neogothic, Italian Renaissance, and modern. It has been termed \"a theme park of replica buildings, representing the architecture of the past speaking to the present.\" The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from the Professional Grounds Management Society.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic <hl> Oakland <hl> neighborhood. Much of the campus, including its centerpiece 42-story Cathedral of Learning, falls within the Oakland Civic Center/Schenley Farms National Historic District. The campus has been noted for its impressive architecture, and contains an eclectic mix of architecture that includes Greek revival, Neogothic, Italian Renaissance, and modern. It has been termed \"a theme park of replica buildings, representing the architecture of the past speaking to the present.\" The campus has won multiple Green Star Awards from the Professional Grounds Management Society.", "sentence_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh's main campus comprises approximately 132 urban acres (0.53 km2) located in Pittsburgh's historic <hl> Oakland <hl> neighborhood.", "paragraph_id": "5d6830212b22cd4dfcfc064d"}
{"question": "What is Istanbul's high temperature average?", "paragraph": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.", "answer": "29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F)", "sentence": "During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. <hl> During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. <hl> The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. During these summer months, high temperatures average around <hl> 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) <hl> and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.", "sentence_answer": "During these summer months, high temperatures average around <hl> 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) <hl> and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August.", "paragraph_id": "5d67578f2b22cd4dfcfbf799"}
{"question": "Who is responsible for standardizing insurance laws?", "paragraph": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "answer": "The National Association of Insurance Commissioners", "sentence": "The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. <hl> The National Association of Insurance Commissioners provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. <hl> Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "paragraph_answer": "Various associations, government agencies, and companies serve the insurance industry in the United States. <hl> The National Association of Insurance Commissioners <hl> provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions. Many insurance providers use the Insurance Services Office, which produces standard policy forms and rating loss costs and then submits these documents on the behalf of member insurers to the state insurance divisions.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The National Association of Insurance Commissioners <hl> provides models for standard state insurance law, and provides services for its members, which are the state insurance divisions.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5f62b22cd4dfcfbcc93"}
{"question": "What were lenses used for?", "paragraph": "Lenses came into widespread use in Europe with the invention of spectacles, probably in Italy in the 1280s. This was the start of the optical industry of grinding and polishing lenses for spectacles, first in Venice and Florence in the thirteenth century, and later in the spectacle-making centres in both the Netherlands and Germany. Spectacle makers created improved types of lenses for the correction of vision based more on empirical knowledge gained from observing the effects of the lenses (probably without the knowledge of the rudimentary optical theory of the day). The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595, and the refracting telescope in 1608, both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands.", "answer": "correction of vision", "sentence": "Spectacle makers created improved types of lenses for the correction of vision based more on empirical knowledge gained from observing the effects of the lenses (probably without the knowledge of the rudimentary optical theory of the day).", "paragraph_sentence": "Lenses came into widespread use in Europe with the invention of spectacles, probably in Italy in the 1280s. This was the start of the optical industry of grinding and polishing lenses for spectacles, first in Venice and Florence in the thirteenth century, and later in the spectacle-making centres in both the Netherlands and Germany. <hl> Spectacle makers created improved types of lenses for the correction of vision based more on empirical knowledge gained from observing the effects of the lenses (probably without the knowledge of the rudimentary optical theory of the day). <hl> The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595, and the refracting telescope in 1608, both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_answer": "Lenses came into widespread use in Europe with the invention of spectacles, probably in Italy in the 1280s. This was the start of the optical industry of grinding and polishing lenses for spectacles, first in Venice and Florence in the thirteenth century, and later in the spectacle-making centres in both the Netherlands and Germany. Spectacle makers created improved types of lenses for the <hl> correction of vision <hl> based more on empirical knowledge gained from observing the effects of the lenses (probably without the knowledge of the rudimentary optical theory of the day). The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595, and the refracting telescope in 1608, both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands.", "sentence_answer": "Spectacle makers created improved types of lenses for the <hl> correction of vision <hl> based more on empirical knowledge gained from observing the effects of the lenses (probably without the knowledge of the rudimentary optical theory of the day).", "paragraph_id": "5d6768722b22cd4dfcfbfa54"}
{"question": "What theory with an infinite domain has the strength to uniquely describe a structure?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. \nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. \nNo first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "answer": "No first-order theory", "sentence": "\n No first-order theory , however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. <hl> No first-order theory , however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. <hl> Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. <hl> No first-order theory <hl>, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> No first-order theory <hl> , however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b0212b22cd4dfcfbe3e4"}
{"question": "What endangered cetaceans are native to the Baltic?", "paragraph": "Cetaceans in Baltic Sea have been monitored by the ASCOBANS. Critically endangered populations of Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea where white-colored porpoises have been recorded, and occasionally oceanic species such as bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beaked whales visit the waters. In recent years, very small, but with an increasing rate, humpback whales migrate into Baltic sea including mother and calf pair. Now extinct Atlantic grey whales and eastern population of North Atlantic right whales that is facing functional extinction once migrated into Baltic Sea.", "answer": "Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea", "sentence": "Critically endangered populations of Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea where white-colored porpoises have been recorded, and occasionally oceanic species such as bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beaked whales visit the waters.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cetaceans in Baltic Sea have been monitored by the ASCOBANS. <hl> Critically endangered populations of Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea where white-colored porpoises have been recorded, and occasionally oceanic species such as bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beaked whales visit the waters. <hl> In recent years, very small, but with an increasing rate, humpback whales migrate into Baltic sea including mother and calf pair. Now extinct Atlantic grey whales and eastern population of North Atlantic right whales that is facing functional extinction once migrated into Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "Cetaceans in Baltic Sea have been monitored by the ASCOBANS. Critically endangered populations of <hl> Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea <hl> where white-colored porpoises have been recorded, and occasionally oceanic species such as bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beaked whales visit the waters. In recent years, very small, but with an increasing rate, humpback whales migrate into Baltic sea including mother and calf pair. Now extinct Atlantic grey whales and eastern population of North Atlantic right whales that is facing functional extinction once migrated into Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "Critically endangered populations of <hl> Atlantic white-sided dolphins and harbor porpoises inhabit the sea <hl> where white-colored porpoises have been recorded, and occasionally oceanic species such as bottlenose dolphins, orcas, and beaked whales visit the waters.", "paragraph_id": "5d65cb2b2b22cd4dfcfbcd7d"}
{"question": "New deposits of tin are reported to be where?", "paragraph": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "answer": "in southern Mongolia", "sentence": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia , and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia , and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "New deposits are reported to be <hl> in southern Mongolia <hl>, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "sentence_answer": "New deposits are reported to be <hl> in southern Mongolia <hl> , and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "paragraph_id": "5d6895052b22cd4dfcfc3c15"}
{"question": "How many national radio stations are there today?", "paragraph": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "answer": "four", "sentence": "Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul.", "paragraph_sentence": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. <hl> Today, TRT runs four national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. <hl> Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "paragraph_answer": "Radio broadcasts in Istanbul date back to 1927, when Turkey's first radio transmission came from atop the Central Post Office in Emin\u00f6n\u00fc. Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Today, TRT runs <hl> four <hl> national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. One of the exceptions, offering both, is A\u00e7\u0131k Radyo (94.9 FM). Among Turkey's first private stations, and the first featuring foreign popular music, was Istanbul's Metro FM (97.2 FM). The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM).", "sentence_answer": "Today, TRT runs <hl> four <hl> national radio stations; these stations have transmitters across the country so each can reach over 90 percent of the country's population, but only Radio 2 is based in Istanbul.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608632b22cd4dfcfbd643"}
{"question": "What has traditionally been the most popular sport at Pitt", "paragraph": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "answer": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football", "sentence": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. <hl> During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football <hl> has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football <hl> has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8772b22cd4dfcfbe87a"}
{"question": "What is the name of the executive department in charge of utilities?", "paragraph": "There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection, Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority, Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs. In addition to these departments, there are other independent bureaus, offices and commissions.", "answer": "Public Utility Regulatory Authority", "sentence": "There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection, Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority , Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection, Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, Public Utility Regulatory Authority , Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs. <hl> In addition to these departments, there are other independent bureaus, offices and commissions.", "paragraph_answer": "There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection, Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, <hl> Public Utility Regulatory Authority <hl>, Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs. In addition to these departments, there are other independent bureaus, offices and commissions.", "sentence_answer": "There are several executive departments: Administrative Services, Agriculture, Banking, Children and Families, Consumer Protection, Correction, Economic and Community Development, Developmental Services, Construction Services, Education, Emergency Management and Public Protection, Energy & Environmental Protection, Higher Education, Insurance, Labor, Mental Health and Addiction Services, Military, Motor Vehicles, Public Health, <hl> Public Utility Regulatory Authority <hl> , Public Works, Revenue Services, Social Services, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs.", "paragraph_id": "5d667f6b2b22cd4dfcfbe0bd"}
{"question": "What percentage of the lower houses lived in the elected representatives' districts?", "paragraph": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "answer": "90", "sentence": "Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90 % of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_sentence": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. <hl> Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90 % of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because <hl> 90 <hl>% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "sentence_answer": "Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because <hl> 90 <hl> % of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_id": "5d66346c2b22cd4dfcfbdae7"}
{"question": "Who threatened the colonies during the 1640's?", "paragraph": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. From the 1670s several royal governors, notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. After King Phillips War, Andros successfully negotiated the Covenant Chain, a series of Indian treaties that brought relative calm to the frontiers of the middle colonies for many years.", "answer": "Indians, the French, and the Dutch", "sentence": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch ) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch ) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. <hl> From the 1670s several royal governors, notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. After King Phillips War, Andros successfully negotiated the Covenant Chain, a series of Indian treaties that brought relative calm to the frontiers of the middle colonies for many years.", "paragraph_answer": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from <hl> Indians, the French, and the Dutch <hl>) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. From the 1670s several royal governors, notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. After King Phillips War, Andros successfully negotiated the Covenant Chain, a series of Indian treaties that brought relative calm to the frontiers of the middle colonies for many years.", "sentence_answer": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from <hl> Indians, the French, and the Dutch <hl> ) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters.", "paragraph_id": "5d6686872b22cd4dfcfbe1ba"}
{"question": "What issues are non-centralized approaches an answer to in any field?", "paragraph": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems. Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. The following four goals or objectives are frequently stated in various analyses of decentralization.", "answer": "problems of centralized systems", "sentence": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Decentralization in any area is a response to the problems of centralized systems . <hl> Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. The following four goals or objectives are frequently stated in various analyses of decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the <hl> problems of centralized systems <hl>. Decentralization in government, the topic most studied, has been seen as a solution to problems like economic decline, government inability to fund services and their general decline in performance of overloaded services, the demands of minorities for a greater say in local governance, the general weakening legitimacy of the public sector and global and international pressure on countries with inefficient, undemocratic, overly centralized systems. The following four goals or objectives are frequently stated in various analyses of decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization in any area is a response to the <hl> problems of centralized systems <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ed3b2b22cd4dfcfbd2d2"}
{"question": "How might it be functional?", "paragraph": "Government decentralization has both political and administrative aspects.  Its decentralization may be territorial, moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or divesting of the function entirely through privatization.\nIt has been called the \"new public management\" which has been described as decentralization, management by objectives, contracting out, competition within government and consumer orientation.", "answer": "divesting of the function entirely through privatization.", "sentence": " Its decentralization may be territorial, moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or divesting of the function entirely through privatization. \nIt has been called the \"new public management\" which has been described as decentralization, management by objectives, contracting out, competition within government and consumer orientation.", "paragraph_sentence": "Government decentralization has both political and administrative aspects. <hl> Its decentralization may be territorial, moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or divesting of the function entirely through privatization. It has been called the \"new public management\" which has been described as decentralization, management by objectives, contracting out, competition within government and consumer orientation. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Government decentralization has both political and administrative aspects. Its decentralization may be territorial, moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or <hl> divesting of the function entirely through privatization. <hl> It has been called the \"new public management\" which has been described as decentralization, management by objectives, contracting out, competition within government and consumer orientation.", "sentence_answer": " Its decentralization may be territorial, moving power from a central city to other localities, and it may be functional, moving decision-making from the top administrator of any branch of government to lower level officials, or <hl> divesting of the function entirely through privatization. <hl> It has been called the \"new public management\" which has been described as decentralization, management by objectives, contracting out, competition within government and consumer orientation.", "paragraph_id": "5d660c192b22cd4dfcfbd6dd"}
{"question": "When did Stalin seize control of the Party?", "paragraph": "In 1929, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "answer": "In 1929", "sentence": "In 1929 , Stalin seized control of the Party.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1929 , Stalin seized control of the Party. <hl> Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> In 1929 <hl>, Stalin seized control of the Party. Upon Stalin attaining power, Bolshevism became associated with Stalinism, whose policies included: rapid industrialisation, Socialism in One Country, a centralised state, the collectivisation of agriculture, and the subordination of interests of other communist parties to those of the Soviet party. In 1929, he enacted harsh radical policy towards the wealthy peasantry (Kulaks) and turned against Bukharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, who favoured a more moderate approach to the Kulaks. He accused them of plotting against the Party's agreed strategy and forced them to resign from the Politburo and political office. Trotsky was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In 1929 <hl> , Stalin seized control of the Party.", "paragraph_id": "5d675ead2b22cd4dfcfbf8ee"}
{"question": "What kind of town was Boston considered to be?", "paragraph": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum. The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "answer": "port towns", "sentence": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). <hl> They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum. The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "After these products had been delivered to <hl> port towns <hl> such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum. The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "sentence_answer": "After these products had been delivered to <hl> port towns <hl> such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3be2b22cd4dfcfbcc12"}
{"question": "How do Americans think more jobs can be created?", "paragraph": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "answer": "by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation", "sentence": "Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. <hl> Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation .\" <hl> Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "paragraph_answer": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs <hl> by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation <hl>.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "sentence_answer": "Americans also suggest creating jobs <hl> by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6763a52b22cd4dfcfbf989"}
{"question": "how many patrol ships were present ?", "paragraph": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "answer": "30", "sentence": "At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS).", "paragraph_sentence": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. <hl> At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). <hl> The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, <hl> 30 <hl> patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, <hl> 30 <hl> patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS).", "paragraph_id": "5d680da02b22cd4dfcfc0537"}
{"question": "In what year did Diana Conyers ask if the non-centralized model was merely a fashion?", "paragraph": "Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a \"revolutionary megatrend\" in the 1980s.  In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration. Cornell University's project on Restructuring Local Government states that decentralization refers to the \"global trend\" of devolving responsibilities to regional or local governments. Robert J. Bennett's Decentralization, Intergovernmental Relations and Markets: Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized \"welfarist\" policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "answer": "1983", "sentence": " In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration.", "paragraph_sentence": "Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a \"revolutionary megatrend\" in the 1980s. <hl> In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration. <hl> Cornell University's project on Restructuring Local Government states that decentralization refers to the \"global trend\" of devolving responsibilities to regional or local governments. Robert J. Bennett's Decentralization, Intergovernmental Relations and Markets: Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized \"welfarist\" policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "paragraph_answer": "Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a \"revolutionary megatrend\" in the 1980s. In <hl> 1983 <hl> Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration. Cornell University's project on Restructuring Local Government states that decentralization refers to the \"global trend\" of devolving responsibilities to regional or local governments. Robert J. Bennett's Decentralization, Intergovernmental Relations and Markets: Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized \"welfarist\" policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "sentence_answer": " In <hl> 1983 <hl> Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5162b22cd4dfcfbd187"}
{"question": "What did Sharma quote as being taken into account?", "paragraph": "Measuring the amount of decentralization, especially politically, is difficult because different studies of it use different definitions and measurements. An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: \"a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization are taken into account.\"", "answer": "single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization", "sentence": "An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: \"a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization are taken into account.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Measuring the amount of decentralization, especially politically, is difficult because different studies of it use different definitions and measurements. <hl> An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: \"a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization are taken into account.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Measuring the amount of decentralization, especially politically, is difficult because different studies of it use different definitions and measurements. An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: \"a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the <hl> single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization <hl> are taken into account.\"", "sentence_answer": "An OECD study quotes Chanchal Kumar Sharma as stating: \"a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the <hl> single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization <hl> are taken into account.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d660a272b22cd4dfcfbd69d"}
{"question": "What kind of equipment includes medical imaging machines?", "paragraph": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ;  equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "answer": "Diagnostic equipment", "sentence": "There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ;  equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state.", "paragraph_sentence": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. <hl> There are several basic types: Diagnostic equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. <hl> Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "paragraph_answer": "Medical equipment (also known as armamentarium) is designed to aid in the diagnosis, monitoring or treatment of medical conditions. There are several basic types: <hl> Diagnostic equipment <hl> includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood ; Diagnostic Medical Equipment may also be used in the home for certain purposes, e.g. for the control of diabetes mellitus. A biomedical equipment technician (BMET) is a vital component of the healthcare delivery system. Employed primarily by hospitals, BMETs are the people responsible for maintaining a facility's medical equipment.", "sentence_answer": "There are several basic types: <hl> Diagnostic equipment <hl> includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis ; equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines ; Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state.", "paragraph_id": "5d678dc62b22cd4dfcfbfe77"}
{"question": "What makes liberals frequently argue for action on ?", "paragraph": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "answer": "to improve job creation", "sentence": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation . <hl> Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "paragraph_answer": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector <hl> to improve job creation <hl>. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "sentence_answer": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector <hl> to improve job creation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fb232b22cd4dfcfbe8d4"}
{"question": "Which museum was the first to be established?", "paragraph": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "answer": "Ashmolean Museum", "sentence": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum , the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum , the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. <hl> Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "paragraph_answer": "The first of these to be established was the <hl> Ashmolean Museum <hl>, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "sentence_answer": "The first of these to be established was the <hl> Ashmolean Museum <hl> , the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK.", "paragraph_id": "5d6751872b22cd4dfcfbf6ca"}
{"question": "The RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against which country?", "paragraph": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "answer": "Germany", "sentence": "Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice.", "paragraph_sentence": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. <hl> Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against Germany that was ended a year later with an armistice. <hl> However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated his throne and a provisional government quickly filled the vacuum, proclaiming Russia a republic months later. This was followed by the October Revolution by the Bolsheviks, who seized control in a quick coup d'\u00e9tat against the Provisional Government, resulting in the formation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the first country in history committed to the establishment of communism. However, large portions of Russia were held under the leadership of either pro-Tsarist or anti-communist military commanders who formed the White movement to oppose the Bolsheviks, resulting in civil war between the Bolsheviks' Red Army and the anti-Bolshevik White Army. Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against <hl> Germany <hl> that was ended a year later with an armistice. However, that was followed by a brief Allied military intervention by the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, Japan and others against the Bolsheviks.", "sentence_answer": "Amidst civil war between the Reds and the Whites, the RSFSR inherited the war that the Russian Empire was fighting against <hl> Germany <hl> that was ended a year later with an armistice.", "paragraph_id": "5d6815dd2b22cd4dfcfc0579"}
{"question": "What is awarded after successfully completing FCPS exam part 2?", "paragraph": "In Pakistan, the equivalent degree is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). The MBBS is awarded as the basic medical qualification after completing five years of study. This comprises two years of basic science subjects including anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, with a particular emphasis on human anatomy. Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. Finally, the student is required to work for one year under a professor, before one is awarded the degree of MBBS with license to practice. So the total duration of the MBBS degree is six years in Pakistan. For specialization, one has to pass the Fellow of College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan (FCPS) exam part 1 in the field in of specialization and obtain an internship in the field for three to six years. Next, one can take the FCPS exam part 2, which includes intensive practical exams. Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded. Medical Universities are awarding MD/MS/MDS of four to six years' duration on successful completion of residency program in a university hospital. These are terminal qualifications and similar to the FRCS/MRCP. Tough entry tests are passed successfully before entering into a medical college. Medical colleges and foreign medical qualifications are supervised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). Specialized degrees are awarded by the Pakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons.\nIn basic medical sciences such as Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology etc., the research postgraduate degree awarded by many universities is M.Phil, which has a mandatory prerequisite of a minimum of two years of Demonstratorship in relevant subjects in a recognized Medical College. The M.Phil course is two to four years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of a research thesis in basic sciences similar to the MD program in India. Including two years of a mandatory training period as demonstratorship, the total M.Phil duration in Pakistan for a six-year MBBS degree holder thus becomes 4 to 6 years.\nMany universities in conjunction with tertiary hospitals offer coursework towards the MD and MS degrees as well.\nIn certain known universities of Pakistan like Dow Medical College  is now being offered a complete blend of all the subjects at modular level. Not just anatomy, physiology and biochemistry is being taught; pathology, community med, behavioral sciences, research, pharmacology, orthopedics, clinical faculty, neurology faculty etc. weigh very high in some modules during the first two years of MBBS. Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum. They are having pathophysiological and pharmacological dynasties of medicine at the same ground.", "answer": "a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded", "sentence": "Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Pakistan, the equivalent degree is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). The MBBS is awarded as the basic medical qualification after completing five years of study. This comprises two years of basic science subjects including anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, with a particular emphasis on human anatomy. Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. Finally, the student is required to work for one year under a professor, before one is awarded the degree of MBBS with license to practice. So the total duration of the MBBS degree is six years in Pakistan. For specialization, one has to pass the Fellow of College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan (FCPS) exam part 1 in the field in of specialization and obtain an internship in the field for three to six years. Next, one can take the FCPS exam part 2, which includes intensive practical exams. <hl> Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded . <hl> Medical Universities are awarding MD/MS/MDS of four to six years' duration on successful completion of residency program in a university hospital. These are terminal qualifications and similar to the FRCS/MRCP. Tough entry tests are passed successfully before entering into a medical college. Medical colleges and foreign medical qualifications are supervised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). Specialized degrees are awarded by the Pakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons. In basic medical sciences such as Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology etc., the research postgraduate degree awarded by many universities is M.Phil, which has a mandatory prerequisite of a minimum of two years of Demonstratorship in relevant subjects in a recognized Medical College. The M.Phil course is two to four years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of a research thesis in basic sciences similar to the MD program in India. Including two years of a mandatory training period as demonstratorship, the total M.Phil duration in Pakistan for a six-year MBBS degree holder thus becomes 4 to 6 years. Many universities in conjunction with tertiary hospitals offer coursework towards the MD and MS degrees as well. In certain known universities of Pakistan like Dow Medical College is now being offered a complete blend of all the subjects at modular level. Not just anatomy, physiology and biochemistry is being taught; pathology, community med, behavioral sciences, research, pharmacology, orthopedics, clinical faculty, neurology faculty etc. weigh very high in some modules during the first two years of MBBS. Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum. They are having pathophysiological and pharmacological dynasties of medicine at the same ground.", "paragraph_answer": "In Pakistan, the equivalent degree is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). The MBBS is awarded as the basic medical qualification after completing five years of study. This comprises two years of basic science subjects including anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, with a particular emphasis on human anatomy. Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. Finally, the student is required to work for one year under a professor, before one is awarded the degree of MBBS with license to practice. So the total duration of the MBBS degree is six years in Pakistan. For specialization, one has to pass the Fellow of College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan (FCPS) exam part 1 in the field in of specialization and obtain an internship in the field for three to six years. Next, one can take the FCPS exam part 2, which includes intensive practical exams. Upon successful completion, <hl> a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded <hl>. Medical Universities are awarding MD/MS/MDS of four to six years' duration on successful completion of residency program in a university hospital. These are terminal qualifications and similar to the FRCS/MRCP. Tough entry tests are passed successfully before entering into a medical college. Medical colleges and foreign medical qualifications are supervised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). Specialized degrees are awarded by the Pakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons. In basic medical sciences such as Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology etc., the research postgraduate degree awarded by many universities is M.Phil, which has a mandatory prerequisite of a minimum of two years of Demonstratorship in relevant subjects in a recognized Medical College. The M.Phil course is two to four years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of a research thesis in basic sciences similar to the MD program in India. Including two years of a mandatory training period as demonstratorship, the total M.Phil duration in Pakistan for a six-year MBBS degree holder thus becomes 4 to 6 years. Many universities in conjunction with tertiary hospitals offer coursework towards the MD and MS degrees as well. In certain known universities of Pakistan like Dow Medical College is now being offered a complete blend of all the subjects at modular level. Not just anatomy, physiology and biochemistry is being taught; pathology, community med, behavioral sciences, research, pharmacology, orthopedics, clinical faculty, neurology faculty etc. weigh very high in some modules during the first two years of MBBS. Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum. They are having pathophysiological and pharmacological dynasties of medicine at the same ground.", "sentence_answer": "Upon successful completion, <hl> a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6682ac2b22cd4dfcfbe13d"}
{"question": "Which areas were repurposed for high end commerce?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. Galleria Atak\u00f6y ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. Akmerkez was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. \u0130stinye Park in \u0130stinye and Zorlu Center near Levent are among the newest malls which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "answer": "Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side", "sentence": "Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. Galleria Atak\u00f6y ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. Akmerkez was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. \u0130stinye Park in \u0130stinye and Zorlu Center near Levent are among the newest malls which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. <hl> Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. Galleria Atak\u00f6y ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. Akmerkez was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. \u0130stinye Park in \u0130stinye and Zorlu Center near Levent are among the newest malls which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. <hl> Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side <hl> of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side <hl> of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9a42b22cd4dfcfbd24e"}
{"question": "Who demand for Berlin wall to be torn down?", "paragraph": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev-style political liberalisation. In 1989, revolts across Eastern Europe and China against Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes. In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the Tianamen Square attacks that stopped the revolts by force. The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. The event in East Germany developed into a popular mass revolt with sections of the Berlin Wall being torn down and East and West Berliners uniting. Gorbachev's refusal to use Soviet forces based in East Germany to suppress the revolt was seen as a sign that the Cold War had ended. Honecker was pressured to resign from office and the new government committed itself to reunification with West Germany. The Stalinist regime of Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu in Romania was forcefully overthrown in 1989 and Ceau\u0219escu was executed. The other Warsaw Pact regimes fell in 1989 with the exception of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania that continued until 1992.", "answer": "The revolts", "sentence": "The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down.", "paragraph_sentence": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev-style political liberalisation. In 1989, revolts across Eastern Europe and China against Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes. In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the Tianamen Square attacks that stopped the revolts by force. <hl> The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. <hl> The event in East Germany developed into a popular mass revolt with sections of the Berlin Wall being torn down and East and West Berliners uniting. Gorbachev's refusal to use Soviet forces based in East Germany to suppress the revolt was seen as a sign that the Cold War had ended. Honecker was pressured to resign from office and the new government committed itself to reunification with West Germany. The Stalinist regime of Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu in Romania was forcefully overthrown in 1989 and Ceau\u0219escu was executed. The other Warsaw Pact regimes fell in 1989 with the exception of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania that continued until 1992.", "paragraph_answer": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev-style political liberalisation. In 1989, revolts across Eastern Europe and China against Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes. In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the Tianamen Square attacks that stopped the revolts by force. <hl> The revolts <hl> culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. The event in East Germany developed into a popular mass revolt with sections of the Berlin Wall being torn down and East and West Berliners uniting. Gorbachev's refusal to use Soviet forces based in East Germany to suppress the revolt was seen as a sign that the Cold War had ended. Honecker was pressured to resign from office and the new government committed itself to reunification with West Germany. The Stalinist regime of Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu in Romania was forcefully overthrown in 1989 and Ceau\u0219escu was executed. The other Warsaw Pact regimes fell in 1989 with the exception of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania that continued until 1992.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The revolts <hl> culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down.", "paragraph_id": "5d67be8c2b22cd4dfcfc013a"}
{"question": "What KNO stands for?", "paragraph": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur. The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. There were many tensions between the tribes and numerous clashes between Naga and Kukis, Meeteis and Muslims.", "answer": "Kuki National Organisation", "sentence": "The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur. <hl> The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. <hl> The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. There were many tensions between the tribes and numerous clashes between Naga and Kukis, Meeteis and Muslims.", "paragraph_answer": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur. The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: <hl> Kuki National Organisation <hl> (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. There were many tensions between the tribes and numerous clashes between Naga and Kukis, Meeteis and Muslims.", "sentence_answer": "The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: <hl> Kuki National Organisation <hl> (KNO) and United Peoples Forum.", "paragraph_id": "5d675f902b22cd4dfcfbf902"}
{"question": "What office did Reince Priebus hold?", "paragraph": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform. He said, \"There's no one reason we lost. Our message was weak; our ground game was insufficient; we weren't inclusive; we were behind in both data and digital; and our primary and debate process needed improvement.\" He proposed 219 reforms that included a $10 million marketing campaign to reach women, minorities and gays as well as setting a shorter, more controlled primary season and creating better data collection facilities.", "answer": "National Committee Chairman", "sentence": "In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In March 2013, National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform. <hl> He said, \"There's no one reason we lost. Our message was weak; our ground game was insufficient; we weren't inclusive; we were behind in both data and digital; and our primary and debate process needed improvement.\" He proposed 219 reforms that included a $10 million marketing campaign to reach women, minorities and gays as well as setting a shorter, more controlled primary season and creating better data collection facilities.", "paragraph_answer": "In March 2013, <hl> National Committee Chairman <hl> Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform. He said, \"There's no one reason we lost. Our message was weak; our ground game was insufficient; we weren't inclusive; we were behind in both data and digital; and our primary and debate process needed improvement.\" He proposed 219 reforms that included a $10 million marketing campaign to reach women, minorities and gays as well as setting a shorter, more controlled primary season and creating better data collection facilities.", "sentence_answer": "In March 2013, <hl> National Committee Chairman <hl> Reince Priebus gave a stinging report on the party's failures in 2012, calling on Republicans to reinvent themselves and officially endorse immigration reform.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d7a22b22cd4dfcfc02ee"}
{"question": "How many convicts did the British ship to American colonies between late 1610s and the American Revolution?", "paragraph": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "answer": "50,000", "sentence": "Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies.", "paragraph_sentence": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. <hl> Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. <hl> The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "paragraph_answer": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated <hl> 50,000 <hl> convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "sentence_answer": "Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated <hl> 50,000 <hl> convicts to its American colonies.", "paragraph_id": "5d6625ba2b22cd4dfcfbda09"}
{"question": "What is the simplified Hodgkin-Huxley model called?", "paragraph": "In 1952, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model. In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model. In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. Beginning in 1966, Eric Kandel and collaborators examined biochemical changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage in Aplysia. In 1981 Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar combined these models in the Morris\u2013Lecar model.", "answer": "the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model", "sentence": "In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1952, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model. <hl> In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model . <hl> In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. Beginning in 1966, Eric Kandel and collaborators examined biochemical changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage in Aplysia. In 1981 Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar combined these models in the Morris\u2013Lecar model.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1952, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model. In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called <hl> the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model <hl>. In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. Beginning in 1966, Eric Kandel and collaborators examined biochemical changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage in Aplysia. In 1981 Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar combined these models in the Morris\u2013Lecar model.", "sentence_answer": "In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called <hl> the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670eb22b22cd4dfcfbeca6"}
{"question": "Why do the large ice crystals fall through the atmosphere?", "paragraph": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets.  This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process.  The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense.  These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates.  These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground.  Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "answer": "due to their mass", "sentence": " These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass , and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates.", "paragraph_sentence": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process. The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. <hl> These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere due to their mass , and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. <hl> These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "paragraph_answer": "Snow crystals form when tiny supercooled cloud droplets (about 10 \u03bcm in diameter) freeze. Once a droplet has frozen, it grows in the supersaturated environment. Because water droplets are more numerous than the ice crystals the crystals are able to grow to hundreds of micrometers in size at the expense of the water droplets. This process is known as the Wegener\u2013Bergeron\u2013Findeisen process. The corresponding depletion of water vapour causes the droplets to evaporate, meaning that the ice crystals grow at the droplets' expense. These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere <hl> due to their mass <hl>, and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates. These aggregates are snowflakes, and are usually the type of ice particle that falls to the ground. Guinness World Records list the world's largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana; allegedly one measured 38 cm (15 inches) wide. The exact details of the sticking mechanism remain a subject of research.", "sentence_answer": " These large crystals are an efficient source of precipitation, since they fall through the atmosphere <hl> due to their mass <hl> , and may collide and stick together in clusters, or aggregates.", "paragraph_id": "5d6762b22b22cd4dfcfbf96e"}
{"question": "What state designated Pitt as a state-related university?", "paragraph": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "answer": "Pennsylvania", "sentence": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. <hl> As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by <hl> Pennsylvania <hl> as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "sentence_answer": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by <hl> Pennsylvania <hl> as a state-related university.", "paragraph_id": "5d682d3c2b22cd4dfcfc063b"}
{"question": "What did Justice Sandra Day say about the number of women who are nurses?", "paragraph": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\"  She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "answer": "there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses,", "sentence": " She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" <hl> She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" She went on to point out that <hl> there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, <hl> and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "sentence_answer": " She went on to point out that <hl> there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, <hl> and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66ec0d2b22cd4dfcfbe556"}
{"question": "What transportation links most directly connect Sweden and Denmark?", "paragraph": "Construction of the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula). The undersea tunnel of the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel provides for navigation of large ships into and out of the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is the main trade route for export of Russian petroleum. Many of the countries neighboring the Baltic Sea have been concerned about this, since a major oil leak in a seagoing tanker would be disastrous for the Baltic\u2014given the slow exchange of water. The tourism industry surrounding the Baltic Sea is naturally concerned about oil pollution.", "answer": "the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel", "sentence": "Construction of the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Construction of the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula). <hl> The undersea tunnel of the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel provides for navigation of large ships into and out of the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is the main trade route for export of Russian petroleum. Many of the countries neighboring the Baltic Sea have been concerned about this, since a major oil leak in a seagoing tanker would be disastrous for the Baltic\u2014given the slow exchange of water. The tourism industry surrounding the Baltic Sea is naturally concerned about oil pollution.", "paragraph_answer": "Construction of <hl> the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel <hl> (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula). The undersea tunnel of the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel provides for navigation of large ships into and out of the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is the main trade route for export of Russian petroleum. Many of the countries neighboring the Baltic Sea have been concerned about this, since a major oil leak in a seagoing tanker would be disastrous for the Baltic\u2014given the slow exchange of water. The tourism industry surrounding the Baltic Sea is naturally concerned about oil pollution.", "sentence_answer": "Construction of <hl> the Great Belt Bridge in Denmark (completed 1997) and the \u00d8resund Bridge-Tunnel <hl> (completed 1999), linking Denmark with Sweden, provided a highway and railroad connection between Sweden and the Danish mainland (the Jutland Peninsula).", "paragraph_id": "5d65cf8c2b22cd4dfcfbcdc2"}
{"question": "What is term synonymous with \"dual sovereignty?\"", "paragraph": "The idea of \"dual sovereignty\" or \"separate sovereigns\" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\"", "answer": "separate sovereigns", "sentence": "The idea of \"dual sovereignty\" or \" separate sovereigns \" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The idea of \"dual sovereignty\" or \" separate sovereigns \" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of \"dual sovereignty\" or \"<hl> separate sovereigns <hl>\" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\"", "sentence_answer": "The idea of \"dual sovereignty\" or \" <hl> separate sovereigns <hl> \" is derived from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which states that \"the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5b42b22cd4dfcfbe7b1"}
{"question": "Who created the FIO ?", "paragraph": "In 2010, Congress passed the Dodd\u2013Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act which is touted by some as the most sweeping financial regulation overhaul since the Great Depression.  The Dodd-Frank Act has significant implications for the insurance industry.  Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury.  The FIO is authorized to monitor all aspects of the insurance industry and identify any gaps in the state-based regulatory system.  The Dodd-Frank Act also establishes the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), which is charged with monitoring the financial services markets, including the insurance industry, to identify potential risks to the financial stability of the United States.", "answer": "Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury.", "sentence": " Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury.  The FIO is authorized to monitor all aspects of the insurance industry and identify any gaps in the state-based regulatory system.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2010, Congress passed the Dodd\u2013Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act which is touted by some as the most sweeping financial regulation overhaul since the Great Depression. The Dodd-Frank Act has significant implications for the insurance industry. <hl> Significantly, Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury. The FIO is authorized to monitor all aspects of the insurance industry and identify any gaps in the state-based regulatory system. <hl> The Dodd-Frank Act also establishes the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), which is charged with monitoring the financial services markets, including the insurance industry, to identify potential risks to the financial stability of the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2010, Congress passed the Dodd\u2013Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act which is touted by some as the most sweeping financial regulation overhaul since the Great Depression. The Dodd-Frank Act has significant implications for the insurance industry. Significantly, <hl> Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury. <hl> The FIO is authorized to monitor all aspects of the insurance industry and identify any gaps in the state-based regulatory system. The Dodd-Frank Act also establishes the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), which is charged with monitoring the financial services markets, including the insurance industry, to identify potential risks to the financial stability of the United States.", "sentence_answer": " Significantly, <hl> Title V of created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO) in the Department of the Treasury. <hl> The FIO is authorized to monitor all aspects of the insurance industry and identify any gaps in the state-based regulatory system.", "paragraph_id": "5d6626fc2b22cd4dfcfbda27"}
{"question": "What is the risk factor of injury when playing ice hockey?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "answer": "high risk", "sentence": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a high risk of injury. <hl> Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a <hl> high risk <hl> of injury. Players are moving at speeds around approximately 20 \u2013 30 mph and quite a bit of the game revolves around the physical contact between the players. Skate blades, hockey sticks, shoulders, hips, and hockey pucks all contribute. The types of injuries associated with hockey include: lacerations, concussions, contusions, ligament tears, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains. Women's ice hockey players can have contact but are not allowed to body check. There are many injuries in women's ice hockey too. Some common injuries are concussions, broken bones, hyperextensions, and muscle strains.", "sentence_answer": "Ice hockey is a full contact sport and carries a <hl> high risk <hl> of injury.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8d62b22cd4dfcfbcd54"}
{"question": "How many processes lead to air becoming saturated?", "paragraph": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.  The main forms of precipitation include  drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail.  Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\".  Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.  Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.  Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "answer": "Two processes", "sentence": " Two processes , possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air.", "paragraph_sentence": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. <hl> Two processes , possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. <hl> Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. <hl> Two processes <hl>, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Two processes <hl> , possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b7c32b22cd4dfcfc0016"}
{"question": "Are the rivers draining the Manipur Hills calm?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "assume turbulent form in the rainy season", "sentence": "These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season .", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. <hl> These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season . <hl> Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and <hl> assume turbulent form in the rainy season <hl>. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "These rivers are corrosive and <hl> assume turbulent form in the rainy season <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebb2"}
{"question": "What happened during the time between 2000 and 2011 for all workers ages 20 to 54?", "paragraph": "A study by the Brookings Institution determined that the 2011 employment rate for teens (ages 16\u201319) in the United States was 25%. Comparing employment rates in 2000 vs. 2011, the Brookings Institution found that younger workers had much lower rates of employment (higher unemployment) while older workers had higher rates of employment (lower unemployment). Between 2000 and 2011, the employment rate for 16- to 19-year-olds fell from 44 to 24 percent, while the employment rate for those over 55 rose moderately. For those aged 20\u201354, the rate of employment fell.", "answer": "rate of employment fell", "sentence": "For those aged 20\u201354, the rate of employment fell .", "paragraph_sentence": "A study by the Brookings Institution determined that the 2011 employment rate for teens (ages 16\u201319) in the United States was 25%. Comparing employment rates in 2000 vs. 2011, the Brookings Institution found that younger workers had much lower rates of employment (higher unemployment) while older workers had higher rates of employment (lower unemployment). Between 2000 and 2011, the employment rate for 16- to 19-year-olds fell from 44 to 24 percent, while the employment rate for those over 55 rose moderately. <hl> For those aged 20\u201354, the rate of employment fell . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A study by the Brookings Institution determined that the 2011 employment rate for teens (ages 16\u201319) in the United States was 25%. Comparing employment rates in 2000 vs. 2011, the Brookings Institution found that younger workers had much lower rates of employment (higher unemployment) while older workers had higher rates of employment (lower unemployment). Between 2000 and 2011, the employment rate for 16- to 19-year-olds fell from 44 to 24 percent, while the employment rate for those over 55 rose moderately. For those aged 20\u201354, the <hl> rate of employment fell <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "For those aged 20\u201354, the <hl> rate of employment fell <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67cbbb2b22cd4dfcfc0244"}
{"question": "What was necessary for the classics?", "paragraph": "Throughout European history, an education in the Classics was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles. Instruction in Latin is an essential aspect of Classics. In today's world, a large number of Latin students in America learn from Wheelock's Latin: The Classic Introductory Latin Course, Based on Ancient Authors. This book, first published in 1956, was written by Frederic M. Wheelock, who received a PhD from Harvard University. Wheelock's Latin has become the standard text for many American introductory Latin courses.", "answer": "Instruction in Latin", "sentence": "Instruction in Latin is an essential aspect of Classics.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout European history, an education in the Classics was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles. <hl> Instruction in Latin is an essential aspect of Classics. <hl> In today's world, a large number of Latin students in America learn from Wheelock's Latin: The Classic Introductory Latin Course, Based on Ancient Authors. This book, first published in 1956, was written by Frederic M. Wheelock, who received a PhD from Harvard University. Wheelock's Latin has become the standard text for many American introductory Latin courses.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout European history, an education in the Classics was considered crucial for those who wished to join literate circles. <hl> Instruction in Latin <hl> is an essential aspect of Classics. In today's world, a large number of Latin students in America learn from Wheelock's Latin: The Classic Introductory Latin Course, Based on Ancient Authors. This book, first published in 1956, was written by Frederic M. Wheelock, who received a PhD from Harvard University. Wheelock's Latin has become the standard text for many American introductory Latin courses.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Instruction in Latin <hl> is an essential aspect of Classics.", "paragraph_id": "5d663c242b22cd4dfcfbdb45"}
{"question": "Which macronym was discovered to be the most deeply nested?", "paragraph": "Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\". Fully expanded, \"RARS\" thus becomes: \"Regional Advanced Television Infrared Observational Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder Retransmission Service\".", "answer": "RARS", "sentence": "In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. <hl> In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: RARS is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\". <hl> Fully expanded, \"RARS\" thus becomes: \"Regional Advanced Television Infrared Observational Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder Retransmission Service\".", "paragraph_answer": "Some macronyms can be multiply nested: the second-order acronym points to another one further down a hierarchy. In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: <hl> RARS <hl> is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\". Fully expanded, \"RARS\" thus becomes: \"Regional Advanced Television Infrared Observational Satellite Operational Vertical Sounder Retransmission Service\".", "sentence_answer": "In an informal competition run by the magazine New Scientist, a fully documented specimen was discovered that may be the most deeply nested of all: <hl> RARS <hl> is the \"Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service\", ATOVS is \"Advanced TOVS\", TOVS is \"TIROS operational vertical sounder\" and TIROS is \"Television infrared observational satellite\".", "paragraph_id": "5d6575a82b22cd4dfcfbc912"}
{"question": "Who founded Robert College?", "paragraph": "Most established universities in Istanbul are backed by the government; the city also has several prominent private institutions. The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College, founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863. The tertiary element of its education program became the public Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University in 1971; the remaining portion in Arnavutk\u00f6y continues as a boarding high-school under the name Robert College. Private universities were officially outlawed in Turkey before the Constitution of 1982, but there were already fifteen private \"higher schools\", which were effectively universities, in Istanbul by 1970. The first private university established in Istanbul since 1982 was Ko\u00e7 University (founded in 1992), and another dozen had opened within the following decade. Today, there are at least 30 private universities in the city, including Istanbul Commerce University and Kadir Has University. A new biomedical research and development hub, called Bio Istanbul, is under construction in Ba\u015fak\u015fehir, and will host 15,000 residents, 20,000 working commuters, and a university upon completion.", "answer": "Christopher Robert", "sentence": "The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College, founded by Christopher Robert , an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most established universities in Istanbul are backed by the government; the city also has several prominent private institutions. <hl> The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College, founded by Christopher Robert , an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863. <hl> The tertiary element of its education program became the public Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University in 1971; the remaining portion in Arnavutk\u00f6y continues as a boarding high-school under the name Robert College. Private universities were officially outlawed in Turkey before the Constitution of 1982, but there were already fifteen private \"higher schools\", which were effectively universities, in Istanbul by 1970. The first private university established in Istanbul since 1982 was Ko\u00e7 University (founded in 1992), and another dozen had opened within the following decade. Today, there are at least 30 private universities in the city, including Istanbul Commerce University and Kadir Has University. A new biomedical research and development hub, called Bio Istanbul, is under construction in Ba\u015fak\u015fehir, and will host 15,000 residents, 20,000 working commuters, and a university upon completion.", "paragraph_answer": "Most established universities in Istanbul are backed by the government; the city also has several prominent private institutions. The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College, founded by <hl> Christopher Robert <hl>, an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863. The tertiary element of its education program became the public Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University in 1971; the remaining portion in Arnavutk\u00f6y continues as a boarding high-school under the name Robert College. Private universities were officially outlawed in Turkey before the Constitution of 1982, but there were already fifteen private \"higher schools\", which were effectively universities, in Istanbul by 1970. The first private university established in Istanbul since 1982 was Ko\u00e7 University (founded in 1992), and another dozen had opened within the following decade. Today, there are at least 30 private universities in the city, including Istanbul Commerce University and Kadir Has University. A new biomedical research and development hub, called Bio Istanbul, is under construction in Ba\u015fak\u015fehir, and will host 15,000 residents, 20,000 working commuters, and a university upon completion.", "sentence_answer": "The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College, founded by <hl> Christopher Robert <hl> , an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7692b22cd4dfcfbd456"}
{"question": "Who was in control of political decision-making in colonial America?", "paragraph": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "answer": "interest groups", "sentence": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. <hl> Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_answer": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different <hl> interest groups <hl> in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "sentence_answer": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different <hl> interest groups <hl> in political decision-making.", "paragraph_id": "5d66875a2b22cd4dfcfbe1e4"}
{"question": "What newspaper was already owned by Frederick Beer when he bought The Sunday Times?", "paragraph": "The paper was bought in 1887 by Alice Cornwell, who had made her fortune in mining in Australia. She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer. Beer appointed his wife, Rachel Sassoon Beer, as editor. She was already editor of the Observer \u2013 the first woman to run a national newspaper \u2013 and continued to edit both titles until 1901.", "answer": "the Observer", "sentence": "She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer .", "paragraph_sentence": "The paper was bought in 1887 by Alice Cornwell, who had made her fortune in mining in Australia. <hl> She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer . <hl> Beer appointed his wife, Rachel Sassoon Beer, as editor. She was already editor of the Observer \u2013 the first woman to run a national newspaper \u2013 and continued to edit both titles until 1901.", "paragraph_answer": "The paper was bought in 1887 by Alice Cornwell, who had made her fortune in mining in Australia. She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned <hl> the Observer <hl>. Beer appointed his wife, Rachel Sassoon Beer, as editor. She was already editor of the Observer \u2013 the first woman to run a national newspaper \u2013 and continued to edit both titles until 1901.", "sentence_answer": "She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned <hl> the Observer <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67582a2b22cd4dfcfbf7aa"}
{"question": "How many units of length are there for all three axes?", "paragraph": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis.  As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line.  The coordinates of a point P are obtained by drawing a line through P perpendicular to each coordinate axis, and reading the points where these lines meet the axes as three numbers of these number lines.", "answer": "a single unit of length", "sentence": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have a single unit of length for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis. <hl> As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line. The coordinates of a point P are obtained by drawing a line through P perpendicular to each coordinate axis, and reading the points where these lines meet the axes as three numbers of these number lines.", "paragraph_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have <hl> a single unit of length <hl> for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis. As in the two-dimensional case, each axis becomes a number line. The coordinates of a point P are obtained by drawing a line through P perpendicular to each coordinate axis, and reading the points where these lines meet the axes as three numbers of these number lines.", "sentence_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a three-dimensional space means choosing an ordered triplet of lines (axes) that are pair-wise perpendicular, have <hl> a single unit of length <hl> for all three axes and have an orientation for each axis.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715d42b22cd4dfcfbeeb4"}
{"question": "How many fatty-acyl chains are derivatized in glucosamine?", "paragraph": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone, forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. The most familiar saccharolipids are the acylated glucosamine precursors of the Lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria. Typical lipid A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains. The minimal lipopolysaccharide required for growth in E. coli is Kdo2-Lipid A, a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is glycosylated with two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues.", "answer": "seven", "sentence": "A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains.", "paragraph_sentence": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone, forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. The most familiar saccharolipids are the acylated glucosamine precursors of the Lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria. Typical lipid <hl> A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains. <hl> The minimal lipopolysaccharide required for growth in E. coli is Kdo2-Lipid A, a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is glycosylated with two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues.", "paragraph_answer": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone, forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. The most familiar saccharolipids are the acylated glucosamine precursors of the Lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria. Typical lipid A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as <hl> seven <hl> fatty-acyl chains. The minimal lipopolysaccharide required for growth in E. coli is Kdo2-Lipid A, a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is glycosylated with two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues.", "sentence_answer": "A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as <hl> seven <hl> fatty-acyl chains.", "paragraph_id": "5d67436e2b22cd4dfcfbf451"}
{"question": "Which gulf in the Baltic Sea can fresh water species survive?", "paragraph": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "answer": "Gulf of Bothnia", "sentence": "At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. <hl> At the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. <hl> The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "The flow of fresh water into the sea from approximately two-hundred rivers and the introduction of salt from the South builds up a gradient of salinity in the Baltic Sea. Near the Danish straits the salinity is close to that of the Kattegat, but still not fully oceanic, because the saltiest water that passes the straits is still already mixed with considerable amounts of outflow water. The salinity steadily decreases towards North and East. At the northern part of the <hl> Gulf of Bothnia <hl> the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea. The salinity gradient is paralleled by a temperature gradient. These two factors limit many species of animals and plants to a relatively narrow region of Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "At the northern part of the <hl> Gulf of Bothnia <hl> the water is no longer salty and many fresh water species live in the sea.", "paragraph_id": "5d661c152b22cd4dfcfbd90d"}
{"question": "do they use full western priest garments?", "paragraph": "Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. For example, Armenian bishops wear mitres almost identical to those of Western bishops. They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). The liturgical music is Armenian chant. Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant.", "answer": "They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil", "sentence": "They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches).", "paragraph_sentence": "Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. For example, Armenian bishops wear mitres almost identical to those of Western bishops. <hl> They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). <hl> The liturgical music is Armenian chant. Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant.", "paragraph_answer": "Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. For example, Armenian bishops wear mitres almost identical to those of Western bishops. <hl> They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil <hl> (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). The liturgical music is Armenian chant. Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil <hl> (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches).", "paragraph_id": "5d6574e12b22cd4dfcfbc906"}
{"question": "What happened to the French Acadian inhabitants in Nova Scotia?", "paragraph": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "answer": "expelled", "sentence": "Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. <hl> Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. <hl> There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British <hl> expelled <hl> the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "sentence_answer": "Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British <hl> expelled <hl> the French Acadian inhabitants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672232b22cd4dfcfbdf42"}
{"question": "Who was the first to engage in the New World slave trade?", "paragraph": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed.  Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants.  The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "answer": "The Portuguese", "sentence": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. <hl> Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed. Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants. The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Portuguese <hl> were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed. Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants. The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Portuguese <hl> were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century.", "paragraph_id": "5d6598032b22cd4dfcfbca54"}
{"question": "Ghettotech and drum and bass share what similar elements?", "paragraph": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "answer": "synth and basslines", "sentence": "Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass.", "paragraph_sentence": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. <hl> Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains synth and basslines similar to drum & bass. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The genre has influenced many other genres like hip hop, big beat, dubstep, house music, trip hop, ambient music, techno, rock and pop, with artists such as Bill Laswell, Incubus, Pitchshifter, Linkin Park, The Roots, Talvin Singh, MIDIval Punditz, Missy Elliott, The Freestylers, Bowery Electric, Nine Inch Nails, David Bowie (the last two both using elements of Goldie's \"Timeless\")[citation needed] and others quoting drum and bass and using drum and bass techniques and elements. Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains <hl> synth and basslines <hl> similar to drum & bass.", "sentence_answer": "Recently created in the United States is a genre called ghettotech which contains <hl> synth and basslines <hl> similar to drum & bass.", "paragraph_id": "5d6604892b22cd4dfcfbd5ba"}
{"question": "Which state besides Connecticut does not possess a county government?", "paragraph": "Unlike all but one other state (Rhode Island), Connecticut does not have county government. Connecticut county governments were mostly eliminated in 1960, with the exception of sheriffs elected in each county. In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories. The judicial system is divided, at the trial court level, into judicial districts which largely follow the old county lines. The eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical and statistical purposes, such as weather reports, and census reporting.", "answer": "Rhode Island", "sentence": "Unlike all but one other state ( Rhode Island ), Connecticut does not have county government.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Unlike all but one other state ( Rhode Island ), Connecticut does not have county government. <hl> Connecticut county governments were mostly eliminated in 1960, with the exception of sheriffs elected in each county. In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories. The judicial system is divided, at the trial court level, into judicial districts which largely follow the old county lines. The eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical and statistical purposes, such as weather reports, and census reporting.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike all but one other state (<hl> Rhode Island <hl>), Connecticut does not have county government. Connecticut county governments were mostly eliminated in 1960, with the exception of sheriffs elected in each county. In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories. The judicial system is divided, at the trial court level, into judicial districts which largely follow the old county lines. The eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical and statistical purposes, such as weather reports, and census reporting.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike all but one other state ( <hl> Rhode Island <hl> ), Connecticut does not have county government.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6712b22cd4dfcfbd1de"}
{"question": "How many officers were stationed on the 25 vessels?", "paragraph": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the Royal Navy turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers. By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. Service on the West Africa Squadron was a thankless and overwhelming task, full of risk and posing a constant threat to the health of the crews involved. Contending with pestilential swamps and violent encounters, the mortality rate was 55 per 1,000 men, compared with 10 for fleets in the Mediterranean or in home waters. Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. Several hundred slaves a year were transported by the navy to the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they were made to serve as \"apprentices\" in the colonial economy until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. Action was taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against \"the usurping King of Lagos\", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over 50 African rulers.", "answer": "2,000 officers", "sentence": "By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia.", "paragraph_sentence": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the Royal Navy turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers. <hl> By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and 2,000 officers and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. <hl> Service on the West Africa Squadron was a thankless and overwhelming task, full of risk and posing a constant threat to the health of the crews involved. Contending with pestilential swamps and violent encounters, the mortality rate was 55 per 1,000 men, compared with 10 for fleets in the Mediterranean or in home waters. Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. Several hundred slaves a year were transported by the navy to the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they were made to serve as \"apprentices\" in the colonial economy until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. Action was taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against \"the usurping King of Lagos\", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over 50 African rulers.", "paragraph_answer": "With peace in Europe from 1815, and British supremacy at sea secured, the Royal Navy turned its attention back to the challenge and established the West Africa Squadron in 1808, known as the \"preventative squadron\", which for the next 50 years operated against the slavers. By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and <hl> 2,000 officers <hl> and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia. Service on the West Africa Squadron was a thankless and overwhelming task, full of risk and posing a constant threat to the health of the crews involved. Contending with pestilential swamps and violent encounters, the mortality rate was 55 per 1,000 men, compared with 10 for fleets in the Mediterranean or in home waters. Between 1807 and 1860, the Royal Navy's Squadron seized approximately 1,600 ships involved in the slave trade and freed 150,000 Africans who were aboard these vessels. Several hundred slaves a year were transported by the navy to the British colony of Sierra Leone, where they were made to serve as \"apprentices\" in the colonial economy until the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. Action was taken against African leaders who refused to agree to British treaties to outlaw the trade, for example against \"the usurping King of Lagos\", deposed in 1851. Anti-slavery treaties were signed with over 50 African rulers.", "sentence_answer": "By the 1850s, around 25 vessels and <hl> 2,000 officers <hl> and men were on the station, supported by some ships from the small United States Navy, and nearly 1,000 \"Kroomen\"\u2014experienced fishermen recruited as sailors from what is now the coast of modern Liberia.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3fb2b22cd4dfcfbd3d1"}
{"question": "What was family homelessness number in 2009?", "paragraph": "Throughout this decade, homeless service providers and the Federal government have been able to reduce chronic homelessness and homelessness among Veterans with targeted efforts and interagency cooperation on initiatives like the HUD-VASH program. The 2000s, however, saw a new population of those experiencing homelessness: families with children. While an emerging problem at the beginning of the decade, the problem continued to persist through 2010. At the close of the decade the trend continued unabated, with the number of individuals in homeless families increasing from 431,541 in 2007 to 535,447 in 2009.", "answer": "535,447", "sentence": "At the close of the decade the trend continued unabated, with the number of individuals in homeless families increasing from 431,541 in 2007 to 535,447 in 2009.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout this decade, homeless service providers and the Federal government have been able to reduce chronic homelessness and homelessness among Veterans with targeted efforts and interagency cooperation on initiatives like the HUD-VASH program. The 2000s, however, saw a new population of those experiencing homelessness: families with children. While an emerging problem at the beginning of the decade, the problem continued to persist through 2010. <hl> At the close of the decade the trend continued unabated, with the number of individuals in homeless families increasing from 431,541 in 2007 to 535,447 in 2009. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout this decade, homeless service providers and the Federal government have been able to reduce chronic homelessness and homelessness among Veterans with targeted efforts and interagency cooperation on initiatives like the HUD-VASH program. The 2000s, however, saw a new population of those experiencing homelessness: families with children. While an emerging problem at the beginning of the decade, the problem continued to persist through 2010. At the close of the decade the trend continued unabated, with the number of individuals in homeless families increasing from 431,541 in 2007 to <hl> 535,447 <hl> in 2009.", "sentence_answer": "At the close of the decade the trend continued unabated, with the number of individuals in homeless families increasing from 431,541 in 2007 to <hl> 535,447 <hl> in 2009.", "paragraph_id": "5d6604582b22cd4dfcfbd5b0"}
{"question": "What's Rotterdam's nickname?", "paragraph": "The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world. Rotterdam's logistic success is based on its strategic location on the North Sea, directly at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas (New Meuse) channel leading into the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr region. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname \"Gateway to Europe\", and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "answer": "\"Gateway to Europe\"", "sentence": "The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname \"Gateway to Europe\" , and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "paragraph_sentence": "The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world. Rotterdam's logistic success is based on its strategic location on the North Sea, directly at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas (New Meuse) channel leading into the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr region. <hl> The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname \"Gateway to Europe\" , and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world. Rotterdam's logistic success is based on its strategic location on the North Sea, directly at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas (New Meuse) channel leading into the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr region. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname <hl> \"Gateway to Europe\" <hl>, and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "sentence_answer": "The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname <hl> \"Gateway to Europe\" <hl> , and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fdf42b22cd4dfcfbe97a"}
{"question": "How many years of postgraduate experience is required to apply for an MD degree in the UK,?", "paragraph": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience. Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctorates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as \"house officers\".", "answer": "at least five-years", "sentence": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have at least five-years of postgraduate experience. <hl> Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctorates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as \"house officers\".", "paragraph_answer": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have <hl> at least five-years <hl> of postgraduate experience. Therefore, graduates from the MBBS or MBChB degrees do not hold doctorates; however, physicians holding these degrees are referred to as \"doctor\" as they are fully licensed as medical practitioners. In some commonwealth nations these interns are designated as \"house officers\".", "sentence_answer": "In order to be eligible to apply for an MD degree from a UK or Commonwealth University one must hold either an MBBS, MBChB, or an equivalent US-MD degree and must usually have <hl> at least five-years <hl> of postgraduate experience.", "paragraph_id": "5d6624de2b22cd4dfcfbd9ed"}
{"question": "What percentage of the population in the United States has the surname Smith?", "paragraph": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "answer": "1%", "sentence": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. <hl> Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "paragraph_answer": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about <hl> 1% <hl> of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "sentence_answer": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about <hl> 1% <hl> of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725962b22cd4dfcfbf0ac"}
{"question": "Who wrote \"Did the Pedestrian Die?\"", "paragraph": "Fons Trompenaars, author of Did the Pedestrian Die?, tested members of different cultures with various moral dilemmas. One of these was whether the driver of a car would have his friend, a passenger riding in the car, lie in order to protect the driver from the consequences of driving too fast and hitting a pedestrian. Trompenaars found that different cultures had quite different expectations (from none to almost certain).[citation needed]", "answer": "Fons Trompenaars", "sentence": "Fons Trompenaars , author of Did the Pedestrian Die?, tested members of different cultures with various moral dilemmas.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Fons Trompenaars , author of Did the Pedestrian Die?, tested members of different cultures with various moral dilemmas. <hl> One of these was whether the driver of a car would have his friend, a passenger riding in the car, lie in order to protect the driver from the consequences of driving too fast and hitting a pedestrian. Trompenaars found that different cultures had quite different expectations (from none to almost certain).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Fons Trompenaars <hl>, author of Did the Pedestrian Die?, tested members of different cultures with various moral dilemmas. One of these was whether the driver of a car would have his friend, a passenger riding in the car, lie in order to protect the driver from the consequences of driving too fast and hitting a pedestrian. Trompenaars found that different cultures had quite different expectations (from none to almost certain).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Fons Trompenaars <hl> , author of Did the Pedestrian Die?, tested members of different cultures with various moral dilemmas.", "paragraph_id": "5d674b2a2b22cd4dfcfbf558"}
{"question": "What makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic?", "paragraph": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "answer": "additional quantifiers and the full semantics", "sentence": "The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. <hl> The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. <hl> In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of <hl> additional quantifiers and the full semantics <hl> for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "sentence_answer": "The combination of <hl> additional quantifiers and the full semantics <hl> for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671f22b22cd4dfcfbdf37"}
{"question": "What is the point where the axes meet?", "paragraph": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "answer": "the origin for both", "sentence": "The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both , thus turning each axis into a number line.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. <hl> The point where the axes meet is taken as the origin for both , thus turning each axis into a number line. <hl> For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "paragraph_answer": "The Cartesian coordinate system in two dimensions (also called a rectangular coordinate system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes), a single unit of length for both axes, and an orientation for each axis. (Early systems allowed \"oblique\" axes, that is, axes that did not meet at right angles.) The lines are commonly referred to as the x- and y-axes where the x-axis is taken to be horizontal and the y-axis is taken to be vertical. The point where the axes meet is taken as <hl> the origin for both <hl>, thus turning each axis into a number line. For a given point P, a line is drawn through P perpendicular to the x-axis to meet it at X and second line is drawn through P perpendicular to the y-axis to meet it at Y. The coordinates of P are then X and Y interpreted as numbers x and y on the corresponding number lines. The coordinates are written as an ordered pair (x, y).", "sentence_answer": "The point where the axes meet is taken as <hl> the origin for both <hl> , thus turning each axis into a number line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714742b22cd4dfcfbee5f"}
{"question": "What are U.S. flags that are the prescribed 1.9 ratio called?", "paragraph": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags.", "answer": "\"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags", "sentence": "Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags .", "paragraph_sentence": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. <hl> Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "These specifications are contained in an executive order which, strictly speaking, governs only flags made for or by the U.S. federal government. In practice, most U.S. national flags available for sale to the public have a different width-to-height ratio; common sizes are 2 \u00d7 3 ft. or 4 \u00d7 6 ft. (flag ratio 1.5), 2.5 \u00d7 4 ft. or 5 \u00d7 8 ft. (1.6), or 3 \u00d7 5 ft. or 6 \u00d7 10 ft. (1.667). Even flags flown over the U.S. Capitol for sale to the public through Representatives or Senators are provided in these sizes. Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as <hl> \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Flags that are made to the prescribed 1.9 ratio are often referred to as <hl> \"G-spec\" (for \"government specification\") flags <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666cb92b22cd4dfcfbde98"}
{"question": "How is a square root function defined?", "paragraph": "In strongly typed languages, it is sometimes desirable to have a number of functions with the same name, but operating on different types of data, or with different parameter profiles. For example, a square root function might be defined to operate on reals, complex values or matrices. The algorithm to be used in each case is different, and the return result may be different. By writing three separate functions with the same name, the programmer has the convenience of not having to remember different names for each type of data. Further if a subtype can be defined for the reals, to separate positive and negative reals, two functions can be written for the reals, one to return a real when the parameter is positive, and another to return a complex value when the parameter is negative.", "answer": "to operate on reals, complex values or matrices", "sentence": "For example, a square root function might be defined to operate on reals, complex values or matrices .", "paragraph_sentence": "In strongly typed languages, it is sometimes desirable to have a number of functions with the same name, but operating on different types of data, or with different parameter profiles. <hl> For example, a square root function might be defined to operate on reals, complex values or matrices . <hl> The algorithm to be used in each case is different, and the return result may be different. By writing three separate functions with the same name, the programmer has the convenience of not having to remember different names for each type of data. Further if a subtype can be defined for the reals, to separate positive and negative reals, two functions can be written for the reals, one to return a real when the parameter is positive, and another to return a complex value when the parameter is negative.", "paragraph_answer": "In strongly typed languages, it is sometimes desirable to have a number of functions with the same name, but operating on different types of data, or with different parameter profiles. For example, a square root function might be defined <hl> to operate on reals, complex values or matrices <hl>. The algorithm to be used in each case is different, and the return result may be different. By writing three separate functions with the same name, the programmer has the convenience of not having to remember different names for each type of data. Further if a subtype can be defined for the reals, to separate positive and negative reals, two functions can be written for the reals, one to return a real when the parameter is positive, and another to return a complex value when the parameter is negative.", "sentence_answer": "For example, a square root function might be defined <hl> to operate on reals, complex values or matrices <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675d2e2b22cd4dfcfbf898"}
{"question": "Where were most of the physicians and surgeons who started these schools trained?", "paragraph": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "answer": "England and Scotland", "sentence": "These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland .", "paragraph_sentence": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. <hl> These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland . <hl> University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "paragraph_answer": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in <hl> England and Scotland <hl>. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "sentence_answer": "These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in <hl> England and Scotland <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb742b22cd4dfcfbd28f"}
{"question": "Were there more Democrats or Republicans among those who had an education of high school or less?", "paragraph": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "answer": "Republicans", "sentence": "They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. <hl> They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. <hl> Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over <hl> Republicans <hl> among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "sentence_answer": "They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over <hl> Republicans <hl> among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714892b22cd4dfcfbee67"}
{"question": "How do the modern day Turks feel about the Constantinople name now?", "paragraph": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter  widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "answer": "The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect", "sentence": "The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect , even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "paragraph_sentence": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. <hl> The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect , even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "After Constantine the Great made it the new eastern capital of the Roman Empire in 330 CE, the city became widely known as \"Constantinopolis\" (Constantinople), which, as the Latinized form of \"\u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2\" (Konstantino\u00fapolis), means the \"City of Constantine\". He also attempted to promote the name \"Nova Roma\" and its Greek version \"\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u1fec\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\" Nea Rom\u0113 (New Rome), but this did not enter widespread usage. Constantinople remained the most common name for the city in the West until the establishment of the Turkish Republic, and Kostantiniyye (Ottoman Turkish [\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647] error: {{lang}}: unrecognized language code: osm (help)) and \u0130stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. <hl> The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect <hl>, even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The use of Constantinople to refer to the city during the Ottoman period (from the mid-15th century) is now considered politically incorrect <hl> , even if not historically inaccurate, by Turks.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e1972b22cd4dfcfbd0d1"}
{"question": "Which insurgent groups demand a separate state for the Kukis?", "paragraph": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur. The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. There were many tensions between the tribes and numerous clashes between Naga and Kukis, Meeteis and Muslims.", "answer": "Meetei", "sentence": "The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur. The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. <hl> The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with Meetei insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. <hl> There were many tensions between the tribes and numerous clashes between Naga and Kukis, Meeteis and Muslims.", "paragraph_answer": "The Kuki insurgent groups want a separate state for the Kukis to be carved out from the present state of Manipur. The Kuki insurgent groups are under two umbrella organisations: Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United Peoples Forum. The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with <hl> Meetei <hl> insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state. There were many tensions between the tribes and numerous clashes between Naga and Kukis, Meeteis and Muslims.", "sentence_answer": "The Nagas wish to annex part of Manipur and merge with a greater Nagaland or Nagalim, which is in conflict with <hl> Meetei <hl> insurgent demands for the integrity of their vision of an independent state.", "paragraph_id": "5d675f902b22cd4dfcfbf900"}
{"question": "In what year was the flag changed from having 49 stars to having 50 stars?", "paragraph": "On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid in which the flag was changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state was admitted, but the number of stripes would be reduced to 13 so as to honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission of one or more new states. The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959. Before that, the admission of Alaska in January 1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag.", "answer": "1960", "sentence": "The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959.", "paragraph_sentence": "On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid in which the flag was changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state was admitted, but the number of stripes would be reduced to 13 so as to honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission of one or more new states. <hl> The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959. <hl> Before that, the admission of Alaska in January 1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag.", "paragraph_answer": "On April 4, 1818, a plan was passed by Congress at the suggestion of U.S. Naval Captain Samuel C. Reid in which the flag was changed to have 20 stars, with a new star to be added when each new state was admitted, but the number of stripes would be reduced to 13 so as to honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission of one or more new states. The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in <hl> 1960 <hl> when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959. Before that, the admission of Alaska in January 1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag.", "sentence_answer": "The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in <hl> 1960 <hl> when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959.", "paragraph_id": "5d66687b2b22cd4dfcfbde32"}
{"question": "When was \"war communism\" enacted?", "paragraph": "Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918 were cautious with limited nationalisations of private property. Lenin was immediately committed to avoid antagonising the peasantry by making efforts to coax them away from the Socialist Revolutionaries, allowing a peasant takeover of nobles' estates while no immediate nationalisations were enacted on peasants' property. Beginning in mid-1918, the Bolshevik regime enacted what is known as \"war communism\", an economic policy that aimed to replace the free market with state control over all means of production and distribution. This was done through the Decree on Nationalisation that declared the nationalisation of all large-scale private enterprises while requisitioning grain away from peasants and providing it to workers in cities and Red soldiers fighting the Whites. The result was economic chaos as the monetary economy collapsed and was replaced by barter and black marketeering. The requisitioning of grain away from the peasantry to workers resulted in peasants losing incentive to labour, resulting in a drop in production, producing a food shortage crisis in the cities that provoked strikes and riots that seriously challenged the Bolshevik regime, with the most serious being the Kronstadt Revolt of 1921.", "answer": "Beginning in mid-1918", "sentence": "Beginning in mid-1918 , the Bolshevik regime enacted what is known as \"war communism\", an economic policy that aimed to replace the free market with state control over all means of production and distribution.", "paragraph_sentence": "Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918 were cautious with limited nationalisations of private property. Lenin was immediately committed to avoid antagonising the peasantry by making efforts to coax them away from the Socialist Revolutionaries, allowing a peasant takeover of nobles' estates while no immediate nationalisations were enacted on peasants' property. <hl> Beginning in mid-1918 , the Bolshevik regime enacted what is known as \"war communism\", an economic policy that aimed to replace the free market with state control over all means of production and distribution. <hl> This was done through the Decree on Nationalisation that declared the nationalisation of all large-scale private enterprises while requisitioning grain away from peasants and providing it to workers in cities and Red soldiers fighting the Whites. The result was economic chaos as the monetary economy collapsed and was replaced by barter and black marketeering. The requisitioning of grain away from the peasantry to workers resulted in peasants losing incentive to labour, resulting in a drop in production, producing a food shortage crisis in the cities that provoked strikes and riots that seriously challenged the Bolshevik regime, with the most serious being the Kronstadt Revolt of 1921.", "paragraph_answer": "Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918 were cautious with limited nationalisations of private property. Lenin was immediately committed to avoid antagonising the peasantry by making efforts to coax them away from the Socialist Revolutionaries, allowing a peasant takeover of nobles' estates while no immediate nationalisations were enacted on peasants' property. <hl> Beginning in mid-1918 <hl>, the Bolshevik regime enacted what is known as \"war communism\", an economic policy that aimed to replace the free market with state control over all means of production and distribution. This was done through the Decree on Nationalisation that declared the nationalisation of all large-scale private enterprises while requisitioning grain away from peasants and providing it to workers in cities and Red soldiers fighting the Whites. The result was economic chaos as the monetary economy collapsed and was replaced by barter and black marketeering. The requisitioning of grain away from the peasantry to workers resulted in peasants losing incentive to labour, resulting in a drop in production, producing a food shortage crisis in the cities that provoked strikes and riots that seriously challenged the Bolshevik regime, with the most serious being the Kronstadt Revolt of 1921.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Beginning in mid-1918 <hl> , the Bolshevik regime enacted what is known as \"war communism\", an economic policy that aimed to replace the free market with state control over all means of production and distribution.", "paragraph_id": "5d675bdc2b22cd4dfcfbf84c"}
{"question": "Where can example of high relief be found in India?", "paragraph": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "answer": "Khajuraho temple", "sentence": "The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple , that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. <hl> The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple , that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. <hl> In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "paragraph_answer": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in <hl> Khajuraho temple <hl>, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "sentence_answer": "The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in <hl> Khajuraho temple <hl> , that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fdf92b22cd4dfcfc04f8"}
{"question": "is the meaning of decentralization static?", "paragraph": "Decentralization or  decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority. While centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization. The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "answer": "The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied.", "sentence": "The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization or decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority. While centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization. <hl> The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization or decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority. While centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization. <hl> The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. <hl> Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. <hl> Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "paragraph_id": "5d66600c2b22cd4dfcfbdcfc"}
{"question": "The structure of the city Istanbul can be traced back to what period?", "paragraph": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "answer": "Tanzimat period of reform", "sentence": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. <hl> Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "paragraph_answer": "The current city structure can be traced back to the <hl> Tanzimat period of reform <hl> in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "sentence_answer": "The current city structure can be traced back to the <hl> Tanzimat period of reform <hl> in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ea1a2b22cd4dfcfbd272"}
{"question": "Which geographic area of Connecticut has a panhandle?", "paragraph": "The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "answer": "southwestern", "sentence": "The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The southwestern border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton. <hl> This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> southwestern <hl> border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.This irregularity in the boundary is the result of territorial disputes in the late 17th century, culminating with New York giving up its claim to the area, whose residents considered themselves part of Connecticut, in exchange for an equivalent area extending northwards from Ridgefield to the Massachusetts border as well as undisputed claim to Rye, New York.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> southwestern <hl> border of Connecticut, where it abuts New York State, is marked by a panhandle in Fairfield County, containing the towns of Greenwich, Stamford, New Canaan, Darien, and parts of Norwalk and Wilton.", "paragraph_id": "5d65df012b22cd4dfcfbd03f"}
{"question": "What does the Bolivian Orocline overlap with?", "paragraph": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "answer": "The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau", "sentence": "The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. <hl> The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. <hl> The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. <hl> The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau <hl> and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau <hl> and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening.", "paragraph_id": "5d6598af2b22cd4dfcfbca68"}
{"question": "Breakcore and digital hardcore where created around the same time as what genre?", "paragraph": "Born around the same time as jungle, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. German Drum and Bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading Digital Hardcore artists. Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore, a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep. There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries.", "answer": "jungle", "sentence": "Born around the same time as jungle , breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Born around the same time as jungle , breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. <hl> German Drum and Bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading Digital Hardcore artists. Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore, a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep. There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries.", "paragraph_answer": "Born around the same time as <hl> jungle <hl>, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. German Drum and Bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading Digital Hardcore artists. Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore, a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep. There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries.", "sentence_answer": "Born around the same time as <hl> jungle <hl> , breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6602a42b22cd4dfcfbd580"}
{"question": "Who made an expedition to the Arctic?", "paragraph": "British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. In 1825, John Franklin wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. Captain R.G.A. Levinge, a British Army officer in New Brunswick during Campbell's time, wrote about \"hockey on ice\" on Chippewa Creek (a tributary of the Niagara River) in 1839. In 1843 another British Army officer in Kingston, Ontario wrote, \"Began to skate this year, improved quickly and had great fun at hockey on the ice.\" An 1859 Boston Evening Gazette article referred to an early game of hockey on ice in Halifax that year. An 1835 painting by John O'Toole depicts skaters with sticks and bung on a frozen stream in the American state of West Virginia.", "answer": "John Franklin", "sentence": "In 1825, John Franklin wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions.", "paragraph_sentence": "British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. <hl> In 1825, John Franklin wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. <hl> A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. Captain R.G.A. Levinge, a British Army officer in New Brunswick during Campbell's time, wrote about \"hockey on ice\" on Chippewa Creek (a tributary of the Niagara River) in 1839. In 1843 another British Army officer in Kingston, Ontario wrote, \"Began to skate this year, improved quickly and had great fun at hockey on the ice.\" An 1859 Boston Evening Gazette article referred to an early game of hockey on ice in Halifax that year. An 1835 painting by John O'Toole depicts skaters with sticks and bung on a frozen stream in the American state of West Virginia.", "paragraph_answer": "British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. In 1825, <hl> John Franklin <hl> wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. Captain R.G.A. Levinge, a British Army officer in New Brunswick during Campbell's time, wrote about \"hockey on ice\" on Chippewa Creek (a tributary of the Niagara River) in 1839. In 1843 another British Army officer in Kingston, Ontario wrote, \"Began to skate this year, improved quickly and had great fun at hockey on the ice.\" An 1859 Boston Evening Gazette article referred to an early game of hockey on ice in Halifax that year. An 1835 painting by John O'Toole depicts skaters with sticks and bung on a frozen stream in the American state of West Virginia.", "sentence_answer": "In 1825, <hl> John Franklin <hl> wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de5e2b22cd4dfcfbcff6"}
{"question": "What is the connection between religion and crime?", "paragraph": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear.[b] A 2001 review of studies on this topic found \"The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime.\" Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world\".[c]", "answer": "unclear", "sentence": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear .[b]", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is unclear .[b] <hl> A 2001 review of studies on this topic found \"The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime.\" Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world\".[c]", "paragraph_answer": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is <hl> unclear <hl>.[b] A 2001 review of studies on this topic found \"The existing evidence surrounding the effect of religion on crime is varied, contested, and inconclusive, and currently no persuasive answer exists as to the empirical relationship between religion and crime.\" Phil Zuckerman's 2008 book, Society without God, notes that Denmark and Sweden, \"which are probably the least religious countries in the world, and possibly in the history of the world\", enjoy \"among the lowest violent crime rates in the world [and] the lowest levels of corruption in the world\".[c]", "sentence_answer": "A number of studies have been conducted on the empirics of morality in various countries, and the overall relationship between faith and crime is <hl> unclear <hl> .[b]", "paragraph_id": "5d670e972b22cd4dfcfbec92"}
{"question": "What are the uses of Tin?", "paragraph": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "answer": "used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation", "sentence": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation , and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin bonds readily to iron and is used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation , and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. <hl> A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is <hl> used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation <hl>, and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin. A tinplate canister for preserving food was first manufactured in London in 1812. Speakers of British English call them \"tins\", while speakers of American English call them \"cans\" or \"tin cans\". One thus-derived use of the slang term \"tinnie\" or \"tinny\" means \"can of beer\". The tin whistle is so called because it was first mass-produced in tin-plated steel.", "sentence_answer": "Tin bonds readily to iron and is <hl> used for coating lead, zinc and steel to prevent corrosion. Tin-plated steel containers are widely used for food preservation <hl> , and this forms a large part of the market for metallic tin.", "paragraph_id": "5d670d482b22cd4dfcfbec44"}
{"question": "What does physical activity assist in?", "paragraph": "Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide.  In 2008, 31.3% of adults aged 15 or older (28.2% men and 34.4% women) were insufficiently physically active.  \nThe risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost a third in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent). In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. These effects may, at least in part, explain its cardiovascular benefits.", "answer": "assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity", "sentence": "In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity .", "paragraph_sentence": "Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. In 2008, 31.3% of adults aged 15 or older (28.2% men and 34.4% women) were insufficiently physically active. The risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost a third in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent). <hl> In addition, physical activity assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity . <hl> These effects may, at least in part, explain its cardiovascular benefits.", "paragraph_answer": "Insufficient physical activity (defined as less than 5 x 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than 3 x 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week) is currently the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. In 2008, 31.3% of adults aged 15 or older (28.2% men and 34.4% women) were insufficiently physically active. The risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus is reduced by almost a third in adults who participate in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity each week (or equivalent). In addition, physical activity <hl> assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity <hl>. These effects may, at least in part, explain its cardiovascular benefits.", "sentence_answer": "In addition, physical activity <hl> assists weight loss and improves blood glucose control, blood pressure, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0282b22cd4dfcfbcb62"}
{"question": "What kind of problems does India face?", "paragraph": "A separatist movement has been active in Manipur since 1964, when United National Liberation Front was founded. Several groups have used violence toward achieving their goal of a sovereign Manipur. In addition, tribal peoples have demanded division of the present state into two or three Indian states along ethnic lines. This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "answer": "This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography.", "sentence": "This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "A separatist movement has been active in Manipur since 1964, when United National Liberation Front was founded. Several groups have used violence toward achieving their goal of a sovereign Manipur. In addition, tribal peoples have demanded division of the present state into two or three Indian states along ethnic lines. <hl> This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A separatist movement has been active in Manipur since 1964, when United National Liberation Front was founded. Several groups have used violence toward achieving their goal of a sovereign Manipur. In addition, tribal peoples have demanded division of the present state into two or three Indian states along ethnic lines. <hl> This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. <hl> Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> This is considered one of India's \"sensitive areas\", due to its political troubles and isolated geography. <hl> Foreign travelers must gain permission from the government to enter the state.", "paragraph_id": "5d67025f2b22cd4dfcfbea2a"}
{"question": "What kind of lens is used to foucs a collimated beam which produces a much sharper focal spot?", "paragraph": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "answer": "plano-convex lens", "sentence": "For instance, a plano-convex lens , which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "paragraph_sentence": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. <hl> For instance, a plano-convex lens , which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a <hl> plano-convex lens <hl>, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "sentence_answer": "For instance, a <hl> plano-convex lens <hl> , which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "paragraph_id": "5d677f992b22cd4dfcfbfd8a"}
{"question": "In what time period was the minimum length of many slave voyages 2.5 months?", "paragraph": "Raymond L. Cohn, an economics professor whose research has focused on economic history and international migration, has researched the mortality rates among Africans during the voyages of the Atlantic slave trade. He found that mortality rates decreased over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining. \"In the eighteenth century many slave voyages took at least 2\u00bd months. In the nineteenth century, 2 months appears to have been the maximum length of the voyage, and many voyages were far shorter. Fewer slaves died in the Middle Passage over time mainly because the passage was shorter.\"", "answer": "eighteenth century", "sentence": "\"In the eighteenth century many slave voyages took at least 2\u00bd months.", "paragraph_sentence": "Raymond L. Cohn, an economics professor whose research has focused on economic history and international migration, has researched the mortality rates among Africans during the voyages of the Atlantic slave trade. He found that mortality rates decreased over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining. <hl> \"In the eighteenth century many slave voyages took at least 2\u00bd months. <hl> In the nineteenth century, 2 months appears to have been the maximum length of the voyage, and many voyages were far shorter. Fewer slaves died in the Middle Passage over time mainly because the passage was shorter.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Raymond L. Cohn, an economics professor whose research has focused on economic history and international migration, has researched the mortality rates among Africans during the voyages of the Atlantic slave trade. He found that mortality rates decreased over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining. \"In the <hl> eighteenth century <hl> many slave voyages took at least 2\u00bd months. In the nineteenth century, 2 months appears to have been the maximum length of the voyage, and many voyages were far shorter. Fewer slaves died in the Middle Passage over time mainly because the passage was shorter.\"", "sentence_answer": "\"In the <hl> eighteenth century <hl> many slave voyages took at least 2\u00bd months.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d99c2b22cd4dfcfbcf09"}
{"question": "As far as Libertarian socialism, what value does it espouse in the space of government?", "paragraph": "Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that promote a non-hierarchical, non-bureaucratic society without private property in the means of production.  Libertarian socialists believe in converting present-day private productive property into common or public goods. Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization. It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism.", "answer": "free association", "sentence": "It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor.", "paragraph_sentence": "Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that promote a non-hierarchical, non-bureaucratic society without private property in the means of production. Libertarian socialists believe in converting present-day private productive property into common or public goods. Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization. <hl> It promotes free association in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. <hl> The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism.", "paragraph_answer": "Libertarian socialism is a group of political philosophies that promote a non-hierarchical, non-bureaucratic society without private property in the means of production. Libertarian socialists believe in converting present-day private productive property into common or public goods. Libertarian socialism is opposed to coercive forms of social organization. It promotes <hl> free association <hl> in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor. The term libertarian socialism is used by some socialists to differentiate their philosophy from state socialism, and by some as a synonym for left anarchism.", "sentence_answer": "It promotes <hl> free association <hl> in place of government and opposes the social relations of capitalism, such as wage labor.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7942b22cd4dfcfbccf6"}
{"question": "What kind of tissue contains glycerophospholipids?", "paragraph": "Glycerophospholipids, usually referred to as phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and cell signaling. Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders. Glycerophospholipids may be subdivided into distinct classes, based on the nature of the polar headgroup at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone in eukaryotes and eubacteria, or the sn-1 position in the case of archaebacteria.", "answer": "Neural tissue", "sentence": "Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders.", "paragraph_sentence": "Glycerophospholipids, usually referred to as phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and cell signaling. <hl> Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders. <hl> Glycerophospholipids may be subdivided into distinct classes, based on the nature of the polar headgroup at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone in eukaryotes and eubacteria, or the sn-1 position in the case of archaebacteria.", "paragraph_answer": "Glycerophospholipids, usually referred to as phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and cell signaling. <hl> Neural tissue <hl> (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders. Glycerophospholipids may be subdivided into distinct classes, based on the nature of the polar headgroup at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone in eukaryotes and eubacteria, or the sn-1 position in the case of archaebacteria.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Neural tissue <hl> (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f072b22cd4dfcfbf61a"}
{"question": "What theorem proving system uses the development of computer programs that search and find derivations of mathematical theorems?", "paragraph": "Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but computationally infeasible for many systems of interest in mathematics. Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "answer": "Automated theorem", "sentence": "Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Automated theorem proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. <hl> Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but computationally infeasible for many systems of interest in mathematics. Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Automated theorem <hl> proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems. Finding derivations is a difficult task because the search space can be very large; an exhaustive search of every possible derivation is theoretically possible but computationally infeasible for many systems of interest in mathematics. Thus complicated heuristic functions are developed to attempt to find a derivation in less time than a blind search.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Automated theorem <hl> proving refers to the development of computer programs that search and find derivations (formal proofs) of mathematical theorems.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674c32b22cd4dfcfbdfae"}
{"question": "When is the festival held each year?", "paragraph": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "answer": "2nd lunar day of Heyangei", "sentence": "It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. <hl> It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the <hl> 2nd lunar day of Heyangei <hl> (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "It is held every year on the <hl> 2nd lunar day of Heyangei <hl> (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67896a2b22cd4dfcfbfe27"}
{"question": "What was the population of indigenous Native Americans?", "paragraph": "From 1769 until the independence of Mexico in 1820, Spain sent missionaries and soldiers to Alta California who created a series of missions operated by Franciscan priests. They also operated presidios (forts), pueblos (settlements)s, and ranchos (land grant ranches), along the southern and central coast of California. Father Jun\u00edpero Serra, founded the first missions in Spanish upper Las Californias, starting with Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 in 1769. Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\"The Royal Road\"). They were established to convert the indigenous peoples of California, while protecting historic Spanish claims to the area. The missions introduced European technology, livestock, and crops. The Indian Reductions converted the native peoples into groups of Mission Indians; they worked as laborers in the missions and the ranchos. In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. The  indigenous Native American population was around 150,000; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "answer": "150,000", "sentence": "The  indigenous Native American population was around 150,000 ; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "paragraph_sentence": "From 1769 until the independence of Mexico in 1820, Spain sent missionaries and soldiers to Alta California who created a series of missions operated by Franciscan priests. They also operated presidios (forts), pueblos (settlements)s, and ranchos (land grant ranches), along the southern and central coast of California. Father Jun\u00edpero Serra, founded the first missions in Spanish upper Las Californias, starting with Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 in 1769. Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\"The Royal Road\"). They were established to convert the indigenous peoples of California, while protecting historic Spanish claims to the area. The missions introduced European technology, livestock, and crops. The Indian Reductions converted the native peoples into groups of Mission Indians; they worked as laborers in the missions and the ranchos. In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. <hl> The indigenous Native American population was around 150,000 ; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "From 1769 until the independence of Mexico in 1820, Spain sent missionaries and soldiers to Alta California who created a series of missions operated by Franciscan priests. They also operated presidios (forts), pueblos (settlements)s, and ranchos (land grant ranches), along the southern and central coast of California. Father Jun\u00edpero Serra, founded the first missions in Spanish upper Las Californias, starting with Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 in 1769. Through the Spanish and Mexican eras they eventually comprised a series of 21 missions to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, linked by El Camino Real (\"The Royal Road\"). They were established to convert the indigenous peoples of California, while protecting historic Spanish claims to the area. The missions introduced European technology, livestock, and crops. The Indian Reductions converted the native peoples into groups of Mission Indians; they worked as laborers in the missions and the ranchos. In the 1830s the missions were disbanded and the lands sold to Californios. The indigenous Native American population was around <hl> 150,000 <hl>; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "sentence_answer": "The indigenous Native American population was around <hl> 150,000 <hl> ; the Californios (Mexican era Californians) around 10,000; with the rest immigrant Americans and other nationalities involved in trade and business in California.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e31a2b22cd4dfcfbd114"}
{"question": "Desert climate are due to?", "paragraph": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production.  If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands.  Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones.  Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy.  Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands.  In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation.  On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.  The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "answer": "dry air caused by compressional heating", "sentence": " On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating .", "paragraph_sentence": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. <hl> On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating . <hl> The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "paragraph_answer": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the <hl> dry air caused by compressional heating <hl>. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "sentence_answer": " On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the <hl> dry air caused by compressional heating <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6773a72b22cd4dfcfbfc5d"}
{"question": "What decades did most of the structural change occur in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "In the early years of the republic, Istanbul was overlooked in favor of Ankara, selected as Turkey's capital to distance the new, secular country from its Ottoman history. From the late 1940s and early 1950s, Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "answer": "1940s and early 1950s", "sentence": "From the late 1940s and early 1950s , Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early years of the republic, Istanbul was overlooked in favor of Ankara, selected as Turkey's capital to distance the new, secular country from its Ottoman history. <hl> From the late 1940s and early 1950s , Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. <hl> The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "In the early years of the republic, Istanbul was overlooked in favor of Ankara, selected as Turkey's capital to distance the new, secular country from its Ottoman history. From the late <hl> 1940s and early 1950s <hl>, Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "From the late <hl> 1940s and early 1950s <hl> , Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c86e2b22cd4dfcfbcd1c"}
{"question": "What was the downed Allied airmen evacuated from?", "paragraph": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "answer": "the Balkans", "sentence": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans . <hl> For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from <hl> the Balkans <hl>. For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "sentence_answer": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from <hl> the Balkans <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6798002b22cd4dfcfbfeb3"}
{"question": "What was Pennsylvania considered as being in 1770?", "paragraph": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S. west of the Allegheny Mountains. The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. Brackenridge obtained a charter for the school from the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on February 28, 1787, just ten weeks before the opening of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, contained three rooms: one below and two above.", "answer": "a frontier", "sentence": "The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier .", "paragraph_sentence": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S. west of the Allegheny Mountains. <hl> The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier . <hl> Brackenridge obtained a charter for the school from the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on February 28, 1787, just ten weeks before the opening of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, contained three rooms: one below and two above.", "paragraph_answer": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S. west of the Allegheny Mountains. The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then <hl> a frontier <hl>. Brackenridge obtained a charter for the school from the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on February 28, 1787, just ten weeks before the opening of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, contained three rooms: one below and two above.", "sentence_answer": "The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then <hl> a frontier <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fb8e2b22cd4dfcfbe8eb"}
{"question": "What was the occupation of the majority of New England residents?", "paragraph": "A majority of New England residents were small farmers. Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife. When married, an English woman lost her maiden name and personal identity, meaning she could not own property, file lawsuits, or participate in political life, even when widowed. The role of wives was to raise and nurture healthy children and support their husbands. Most women carried out these duties. During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with three on average surviving to adulthood. Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter.", "answer": "the property and his wife", "sentence": "Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife .", "paragraph_sentence": "A majority of New England residents were small farmers. <hl> Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over the property and his wife . <hl> When married, an English woman lost her maiden name and personal identity, meaning she could not own property, file lawsuits, or participate in political life, even when widowed. The role of wives was to raise and nurture healthy children and support their husbands. Most women carried out these duties. During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with three on average surviving to adulthood. Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter.", "paragraph_answer": "A majority of New England residents were small farmers. Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over <hl> the property and his wife <hl>. When married, an English woman lost her maiden name and personal identity, meaning she could not own property, file lawsuits, or participate in political life, even when widowed. The role of wives was to raise and nurture healthy children and support their husbands. Most women carried out these duties. During the 18th century, couples usually married between the ages of 20-24 and 6-8 children were typical of a family, with three on average surviving to adulthood. Farm women provided most of the materials needed by the rest of the family by spinning yarn from wool and knitting sweaters and stockings, making candles and soap from ashes, and churning milk into butter.", "sentence_answer": "Within these small farm families, and English families as well, a man had complete power over <hl> the property and his wife <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667cd82b22cd4dfcfbe082"}
{"question": "How long is the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation?", "paragraph": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, helping to moderate the amount of snow, which averages 25 inches (64 cm) each year. Spring and fall in New York City are mild, while summer is very warm and humid, with temperatures of 90 \u00b0F (32 \u00b0C) or higher recorded from 18 to 25 days on average during the season. The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "answer": "70-year-long", "sentence": "The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region.", "paragraph_sentence": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, helping to moderate the amount of snow, which averages 25 inches (64 cm) each year. Spring and fall in New York City are mild, while summer is very warm and humid, with temperatures of 90 \u00b0F (32 \u00b0C) or higher recorded from 18 to 25 days on average during the season. <hl> The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. <hl> Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "paragraph_answer": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, helping to moderate the amount of snow, which averages 25 inches (64 cm) each year. Spring and fall in New York City are mild, while summer is very warm and humid, with temperatures of 90 \u00b0F (32 \u00b0C) or higher recorded from 18 to 25 days on average during the season. The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a <hl> 70-year-long <hl> warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "sentence_answer": "The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a <hl> 70-year-long <hl> warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fe5a2b22cd4dfcfbe98b"}
{"question": "Where are the sites of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution?", "paragraph": "The relationship of the above-mentioned Neolithic characteristics to the onset of agriculture, their sequence of emergence, and empirical relation to each other at various Neolithic sites remains the subject of academic debate, and varies from place to place, rather than being the outcome of universal laws of social evolution. The Levant followed by Mesopotamia are the sites of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution from around 10,000 BC. It has been identified as having \"inspired some of the most important developments in human history including the invention of the wheel, the planting of the first cereal crops and the development of cursive script, Mathematics, Astronomy and Agriculture.\"", "answer": "The Levant followed by Mesopotamia", "sentence": "The Levant followed by Mesopotamia are the sites of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution from around 10,000 BC.", "paragraph_sentence": "The relationship of the above-mentioned Neolithic characteristics to the onset of agriculture, their sequence of emergence, and empirical relation to each other at various Neolithic sites remains the subject of academic debate, and varies from place to place, rather than being the outcome of universal laws of social evolution. <hl> The Levant followed by Mesopotamia are the sites of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution from around 10,000 BC. <hl> It has been identified as having \"inspired some of the most important developments in human history including the invention of the wheel, the planting of the first cereal crops and the development of cursive script, Mathematics, Astronomy and Agriculture.\"", "paragraph_answer": "The relationship of the above-mentioned Neolithic characteristics to the onset of agriculture, their sequence of emergence, and empirical relation to each other at various Neolithic sites remains the subject of academic debate, and varies from place to place, rather than being the outcome of universal laws of social evolution. <hl> The Levant followed by Mesopotamia <hl> are the sites of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution from around 10,000 BC. It has been identified as having \"inspired some of the most important developments in human history including the invention of the wheel, the planting of the first cereal crops and the development of cursive script, Mathematics, Astronomy and Agriculture.\"", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Levant followed by Mesopotamia <hl> are the sites of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution from around 10,000 BC.", "paragraph_id": "5d673ba02b22cd4dfcfbf370"}
{"question": "When did Maoist rebels in Mepal engaged in the civil war?", "paragraph": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "answer": "1996 to 2006", "sentence": "Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. <hl> Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. <hl> In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "paragraph_answer": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from <hl> 1996 to 2006 <hl> that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "sentence_answer": "Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from <hl> 1996 to 2006 <hl> that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c6f72b22cd4dfcfc01d6"}
{"question": "Where was the learning tool called as \"the horn\" developed?", "paragraph": "Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps, a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine. This learning tool was known appropriately as \"the horn\". Modern reproductions are decorated with such motifs as hearts and tulips.", "answer": "in some areas of the Alps", "sentence": "Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps , a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Before the modern era, in some areas of the Alps , a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine. <hl> This learning tool was known appropriately as \"the horn\". Modern reproductions are decorated with such motifs as hearts and tulips.", "paragraph_answer": "Before the modern era, <hl> in some areas of the Alps <hl>, a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine. This learning tool was known appropriately as \"the horn\". Modern reproductions are decorated with such motifs as hearts and tulips.", "sentence_answer": "Before the modern era, <hl> in some areas of the Alps <hl> , a goat or sheep's horn would be sharpened and a tin panel would be punched out using the alphabet and numbers from one to nine.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bfd42b22cd4dfcfc014a"}
{"question": "The flat top of The Cathedral is meant to suggest what?", "paragraph": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\"  The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "answer": "that its lines, like education, have no ending", "sentence": "The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\" The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" <hl> The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest that its lines, like education, have no ending . <hl> The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "paragraph_answer": "In the 1920s, new university chancellor John Gabbert Bowman declared that he had a vision for a centerpiece \"tall building\" for the university. The 14 acres (5.7 ha) Frick Acres property in Oakland was soon purchased and plans for the campus shifted focus from the hillside to a neo-Gothic Revival plan that today comprises the Cathedral of Learning, Heinz Memorial Chapel, Stephen Foster Memorial, and Clapp Hall buildings. By 1925, Bowman had settled on a design by Charles Klauder for the \"tall building\": an attention-getting 535-foot (163 m) tower whose great height, with open spaces all around, would suggest the \"character that ought to be in an educated man.\" The building's \"parallel lines going up and up...would express courage [and] fearlessness\" and it would \"unify Pittsburgh into a community conscious of its character.\" The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest <hl> that its lines, like education, have no ending <hl>. The building was financed by donors and by a campaign to collect dimes from local school children. Bowman was a persuasive leader and although the Great Depression intervened, the Cathedral of Learning, on which construction was begun in 1926, began hosting classes in 1931 and was formally dedicated in 1937. Today, it remains the second tallest university building in the world and contains an equally impressive interior highlighted by a half-acre (2,000 m\u00b2) Gothic hall Commons Room with 52-foot (16 m) tall arches currently surrounded by 30 Nationality Rooms, however seven more Nationality Rooms are in the making.", "sentence_answer": "The Cathedral is \"cut off\" flat at the top to suggest <hl> that its lines, like education, have no ending <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5312b22cd4dfcfbe795"}
{"question": "What represents the greatest amount of surviving secular art from Late Antiquity?", "paragraph": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament, secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "answer": "consular diptychs", "sentence": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. <hl> In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament, secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "paragraph_answer": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example <hl> consular diptychs <hl> represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament, secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "sentence_answer": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example <hl> consular diptychs <hl> represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity.", "paragraph_id": "5d68220b2b22cd4dfcfc05f2"}
{"question": "In what language are the paternal and maternal surnames are combined using i?", "paragraph": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in Catalan), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "answer": "Catalan", "sentence": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in Catalan ), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in Catalan ), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in <hl> Catalan <hl>), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "sentence_answer": "In Spain, especially Catalonia, the paternal and maternal surnames are often combined using y (Spanish) or i (in <hl> Catalan <hl> ), see for example the economist Xavier Sala-i-Martin or painter Salvador Dal\u00ed i Dom\u00e8nech.", "paragraph_id": "5d672cd82b22cd4dfcfbf1a8"}
{"question": "Among what social status did the custom of women changing their names after marriage begin?", "paragraph": "The custom of a woman changing her name upon marriage is recent. It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names, and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "answer": "in the upper classes", "sentence": "It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes , under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory.", "paragraph_sentence": "The custom of a woman changing her name upon marriage is recent. <hl> It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes , under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. <hl> Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names, and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The custom of a woman changing her name upon marriage is recent. It spread in the late 19th century <hl> in the upper classes <hl>, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names, and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "It spread in the late 19th century <hl> in the upper classes <hl> , under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee4b2b22cd4dfcfbe5aa"}
{"question": "When did the adoption of surnames become common", "paragraph": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\".  During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "answer": "18th and 19th centuries", "sentence": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries . <hl> They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\". During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "paragraph_answer": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the <hl> 18th and 19th centuries <hl>. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\". During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "sentence_answer": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the <hl> 18th and 19th centuries <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66efdb2b22cd4dfcfbe626"}
{"question": "What kind of scale does a nanostructure use for dimensions?", "paragraph": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "answer": "nanoscale", "sentence": "In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale .", "paragraph_sentence": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. <hl> In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale . <hl> Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "paragraph_answer": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the <hl> nanoscale <hl>. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "sentence_answer": "In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the <hl> nanoscale <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d678cc22b22cd4dfcfbfe51"}
{"question": "How does one define truth for quantified formulas?", "paragraph": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions. Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols, one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. The interpretation is extended so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain. One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically, as follows:", "answer": "syntactically", "sentence": "One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically , as follows:", "paragraph_sentence": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions. Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols, one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. The interpretation is extended so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain. <hl> One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically , as follows: <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions. Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols, one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. The interpretation is extended so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain. One now defines truth for quantified formulas <hl> syntactically <hl>, as follows:", "sentence_answer": "One now defines truth for quantified formulas <hl> syntactically <hl> , as follows:", "paragraph_id": "5d66452a2b22cd4dfcfbdbc1"}
{"question": "Mutations in glycerophospholipids can also cause what health condition?", "paragraph": "Glycerophospholipids, usually referred to as phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and cell signaling. Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders. Glycerophospholipids may be subdivided into distinct classes, based on the nature of the polar headgroup at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone in eukaryotes and eubacteria, or the sn-1 position in the case of archaebacteria.", "answer": "various neurological disorders", "sentence": "Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders .", "paragraph_sentence": "Glycerophospholipids, usually referred to as phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and cell signaling. <hl> Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in various neurological disorders . <hl> Glycerophospholipids may be subdivided into distinct classes, based on the nature of the polar headgroup at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone in eukaryotes and eubacteria, or the sn-1 position in the case of archaebacteria.", "paragraph_answer": "Glycerophospholipids, usually referred to as phospholipids, are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and cell signaling. Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in <hl> various neurological disorders <hl>. Glycerophospholipids may be subdivided into distinct classes, based on the nature of the polar headgroup at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone in eukaryotes and eubacteria, or the sn-1 position in the case of archaebacteria.", "sentence_answer": "Neural tissue (including the brain) contains relatively high amounts of glycerophospholipids, and alterations in their composition has been implicated in <hl> various neurological disorders <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674f072b22cd4dfcfbf61d"}
{"question": "What is required for the United State's lease to end?", "paragraph": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "answer": "only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area", "sentence": "The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. <hl> The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. <hl> The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which <hl> only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area <hl> can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "sentence_answer": "The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which <hl> only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area <hl> can terminate.", "paragraph_id": "5d6773922b22cd4dfcfbfc4c"}
{"question": "What were you able to do if you were a white man that owned land?", "paragraph": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote.", "answer": "vote", "sentence": "Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. <hl> Most white men owned some land, and therefore could vote . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. They owned increasingly large plantations that were worked by African slaves. Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. The plantations grew tobacco, indigo and rice for export, and raised most of their own food supplies. In addition, many small subsistence farms were family owned and operated by yeoman. Most white men owned some land, and therefore could <hl> vote <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Most white men owned some land, and therefore could <hl> vote <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660d6d2b22cd4dfcfbd736"}
{"question": "What countries other than Spain influence Argentina?", "paragraph": "Combined names come from old traditional families and are considered one last name, but are rare.  Although Argentina is a Spanish-speaking country, it is also composed of other varied European influences, such as Italian, French, Russian, German, etc.", "answer": "Italian, French, Russian, German, etc", "sentence": " Although Argentina is a Spanish-speaking country, it is also composed of other varied European influences, such as Italian, French, Russian, German, etc .", "paragraph_sentence": "Combined names come from old traditional families and are considered one last name, but are rare. <hl> Although Argentina is a Spanish-speaking country, it is also composed of other varied European influences, such as Italian, French, Russian, German, etc . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Combined names come from old traditional families and are considered one last name, but are rare. Although Argentina is a Spanish-speaking country, it is also composed of other varied European influences, such as <hl> Italian, French, Russian, German, etc <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " Although Argentina is a Spanish-speaking country, it is also composed of other varied European influences, such as <hl> Italian, French, Russian, German, etc <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6759ea2b22cd4dfcfbf7f6"}
{"question": "What is the four-official system?", "paragraph": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses one referee and two linesmen. Another less commonly used system is the two referee and one linesman system. This system is very close to the regular three-man system except for a few procedure changes. With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee. The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe.", "answer": "an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee", "sentence": "With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee .", "paragraph_sentence": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses one referee and two linesmen. Another less commonly used system is the two referee and one linesman system. This system is very close to the regular three-man system except for a few procedure changes. <hl> With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee . <hl> The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe.", "paragraph_answer": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses one referee and two linesmen. Another less commonly used system is the two referee and one linesman system. This system is very close to the regular three-man system except for a few procedure changes. With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where <hl> an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee <hl>. The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe.", "sentence_answer": "With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where <hl> an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675c7f2b22cd4dfcfbf877"}
{"question": "What happened in 1980?", "paragraph": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "answer": "In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings.", "sentence": "In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. <hl> In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. <hl> In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. <hl> The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. <hl> The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702d92b22cd4dfcfbea52"}
{"question": "What portion of a Hispanic's name was usually dropped to fir into non-hispanic countries?", "paragraph": "It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in. Dropping the paternal surname is not unusual when it is a very common one. For instance, painter Pablo Ruiz Picasso and Spanish Prime Minister Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero are known by their maternal surnames as \"Picasso\" and \"Zapatero\". Similarly, Anglophones with just one surname may be asked to provide a second surname on official documents in Spanish-speaking countries. When none (such as the mother's maiden name) is provided, the last name may simply be repeated.", "answer": "some", "sentence": "It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> It should be noted that some Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in. <hl> Dropping the paternal surname is not unusual when it is a very common one. For instance, painter Pablo Ruiz Picasso and Spanish Prime Minister Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero are known by their maternal surnames as \"Picasso\" and \"Zapatero\". Similarly, Anglophones with just one surname may be asked to provide a second surname on official documents in Spanish-speaking countries. When none (such as the mother's maiden name) is provided, the last name may simply be repeated.", "paragraph_answer": "It should be noted that <hl> some <hl> Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in. Dropping the paternal surname is not unusual when it is a very common one. For instance, painter Pablo Ruiz Picasso and Spanish Prime Minister Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero are known by their maternal surnames as \"Picasso\" and \"Zapatero\". Similarly, Anglophones with just one surname may be asked to provide a second surname on official documents in Spanish-speaking countries. When none (such as the mother's maiden name) is provided, the last name may simply be repeated.", "sentence_answer": "It should be noted that <hl> some <hl> Hispanic people, after leaving their country, drop their maternal surname, even if not formally, so as to better fit into the non-Hispanic society they live or work in.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bbf32b22cd4dfcfc00e6"}
{"question": "What is a non-English occupational name for a tailor?", "paragraph": "Occupational names include such simple examples as Smith (for a smith), Miller (for a miller), Farmer (for farm tax collectors or sometimes farmers), Thatcher (for a thatcher), Shepherd (for a shepherd), Potter (for a potter), and so on, as well as non-English ones such as Eisenhauer (iron worker, later Anglicized in America as Eisenhower) or Schneider (tailor). There are also more complicated names based on occupational titles. In England it was common for servants to take a modified version of their employer's occupation or first name as their last name, adding the letter s to the word, although this formation could also be a patronymic. For instance, the surname Vickers is thought to have arisen as an occupational name adopted by the servant of a vicar, while Roberts could have been adopted by either the son or the servant of a man named Robert. A subset of occupational names in English are names thought to be derived from the medieval mystery plays. The participants would often play the same roles for life, passing the part down to their oldest sons. Names derived from this may include King, Lord, Virgin, and Death; the last is often wrongly thought to be an anglicization of the French name D'Ath. It is now thought that the surname D'Ath arose well after the surname Death was first used.", "answer": "Schneider", "sentence": "Occupational names include such simple examples as Smith (for a smith), Miller (for a miller), Farmer (for farm tax collectors or sometimes farmers), Thatcher (for a thatcher), Shepherd (for a shepherd), Potter (for a potter), and so on, as well as non-English ones such as Eisenhauer (iron worker, later Anglicized in America as Eisenhower) or Schneider (tailor).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Occupational names include such simple examples as Smith (for a smith), Miller (for a miller), Farmer (for farm tax collectors or sometimes farmers), Thatcher (for a thatcher), Shepherd (for a shepherd), Potter (for a potter), and so on, as well as non-English ones such as Eisenhauer (iron worker, later Anglicized in America as Eisenhower) or Schneider (tailor). <hl> There are also more complicated names based on occupational titles. In England it was common for servants to take a modified version of their employer's occupation or first name as their last name, adding the letter s to the word, although this formation could also be a patronymic. For instance, the surname Vickers is thought to have arisen as an occupational name adopted by the servant of a vicar, while Roberts could have been adopted by either the son or the servant of a man named Robert. A subset of occupational names in English are names thought to be derived from the medieval mystery plays. The participants would often play the same roles for life, passing the part down to their oldest sons. Names derived from this may include King, Lord, Virgin, and Death; the last is often wrongly thought to be an anglicization of the French name D'Ath. It is now thought that the surname D'Ath arose well after the surname Death was first used.", "paragraph_answer": "Occupational names include such simple examples as Smith (for a smith), Miller (for a miller), Farmer (for farm tax collectors or sometimes farmers), Thatcher (for a thatcher), Shepherd (for a shepherd), Potter (for a potter), and so on, as well as non-English ones such as Eisenhauer (iron worker, later Anglicized in America as Eisenhower) or <hl> Schneider <hl> (tailor). There are also more complicated names based on occupational titles. In England it was common for servants to take a modified version of their employer's occupation or first name as their last name, adding the letter s to the word, although this formation could also be a patronymic. For instance, the surname Vickers is thought to have arisen as an occupational name adopted by the servant of a vicar, while Roberts could have been adopted by either the son or the servant of a man named Robert. A subset of occupational names in English are names thought to be derived from the medieval mystery plays. The participants would often play the same roles for life, passing the part down to their oldest sons. Names derived from this may include King, Lord, Virgin, and Death; the last is often wrongly thought to be an anglicization of the French name D'Ath. It is now thought that the surname D'Ath arose well after the surname Death was first used.", "sentence_answer": "Occupational names include such simple examples as Smith (for a smith), Miller (for a miller), Farmer (for farm tax collectors or sometimes farmers), Thatcher (for a thatcher), Shepherd (for a shepherd), Potter (for a potter), and so on, as well as non-English ones such as Eisenhauer (iron worker, later Anglicized in America as Eisenhower) or <hl> Schneider <hl> (tailor).", "paragraph_id": "5d6734712b22cd4dfcfbf280"}
{"question": "How do you often denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X?", "paragraph": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.  In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "answer": "Use of f(A)", "sentence": "Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Use of f(A) to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. <hl> In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Use of f(A) <hl> to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain. In some fields (e.g., in set theory, where ordinals are also sets of ordinals) it is convenient or even necessary to distinguish the two concepts; the customary notation is f[A] for the set { f(x): x \u2208 A }. Likewise, some authors use square brackets to avoid confusion between the inverse image and the inverse function. Thus they would write f\u22121[B] and f\u22121[b] for the preimage of a set and a singleton.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Use of f(A) <hl> to denote the image of a subset A \u2286 X is consistent so long as no subset of the domain is also an element of the domain.", "paragraph_id": "5d660c212b22cd4dfcfbd6e2"}
{"question": "Where is the European side of the peninsula located?", "paragraph": "Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 7th millennium BCE. That early settlement, important in the spread of the Neolithic Revolution from the Near East to Europe, lasted for almost a millennium before being inundated by rising water levels.  The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE. Modern authors have linked it to the Thracian toponym Lygos, mentioned by Pliny the Elder as an earlier name for the site of Byzantium.", "answer": "near the point", "sentence": " The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 7th millennium BCE. That early settlement, important in the spread of the Neolithic Revolution from the Near East to Europe, lasted for almost a millennium before being inundated by rising water levels. <hl> The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE. <hl> Modern authors have linked it to the Thracian toponym Lygos, mentioned by Pliny the Elder as an earlier name for the site of Byzantium.", "paragraph_answer": "Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 7th millennium BCE. That early settlement, important in the spread of the Neolithic Revolution from the Near East to Europe, lasted for almost a millennium before being inundated by rising water levels. The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, <hl> near the point <hl> of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE. Modern authors have linked it to the Thracian toponym Lygos, mentioned by Pliny the Elder as an earlier name for the site of Byzantium.", "sentence_answer": " The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, <hl> near the point <hl> of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c36b2b22cd4dfcfbcc03"}
{"question": "Along with New York and Connecticut, which is the third state in the Tri-State area?", "paragraph": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "answer": "New Jersey", "sentence": "Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. <hl> Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and New Jersey as the Tri-State area. <hl> It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut (/k\u0259\u02c8n\u025bt[invalid input: '\u0268']k\u0259t/ (listen) k\u0259-NET-i-k\u0259t) is the southernmost state in the region of the United States known as New England. Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and <hl> New Jersey <hl> as the Tri-State area. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. Its capital city is Hartford, and its most populous city is Bridgeport. The state is named after the Connecticut River, a major U.S. river that approximately bisects the state. The word \"Connecticut\" is derived from various anglicized spellings of an Algonquian word for \"long tidal river.\"", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut is also often grouped along with New York and <hl> New Jersey <hl> as the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd092b22cd4dfcfbcfab"}
{"question": "What proportion of homeless adults are veterans?", "paragraph": "One out of 50 children or 1.5 million children in America will be homeless each year. In 2013 that number jumped to one out of 30 children, or 2.5 million. There were an estimated 57,849 homeless veterans estimated in the United States during January 2013; or 12 percent of all homeless adults. Just under 8 percent of homeless U.S. veterans are female. Texas, California and Florida have the highest numbers of unaccompanied homeless youth under the age of 18; comprising 58% of the total homeless under 18 youth population", "answer": "12 percent", "sentence": "There were an estimated 57,849 homeless veterans estimated in the United States during January 2013; or 12 percent of all homeless adults.", "paragraph_sentence": "One out of 50 children or 1.5 million children in America will be homeless each year. In 2013 that number jumped to one out of 30 children, or 2.5 million. <hl> There were an estimated 57,849 homeless veterans estimated in the United States during January 2013; or 12 percent of all homeless adults. <hl> Just under 8 percent of homeless U.S. veterans are female. Texas, California and Florida have the highest numbers of unaccompanied homeless youth under the age of 18; comprising 58% of the total homeless under 18 youth population", "paragraph_answer": "One out of 50 children or 1.5 million children in America will be homeless each year. In 2013 that number jumped to one out of 30 children, or 2.5 million. There were an estimated 57,849 homeless veterans estimated in the United States during January 2013; or <hl> 12 percent <hl> of all homeless adults. Just under 8 percent of homeless U.S. veterans are female. Texas, California and Florida have the highest numbers of unaccompanied homeless youth under the age of 18; comprising 58% of the total homeless under 18 youth population", "sentence_answer": "There were an estimated 57,849 homeless veterans estimated in the United States during January 2013; or <hl> 12 percent <hl> of all homeless adults.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d44b2b22cd4dfcfbce4c"}
{"question": "In what year did a law force the U.S. Military Academies to enroll women?", "paragraph": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. However, the changing of social attitudes towards women is usually considered the greatest success of the women's movement.  In January 2013, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the longtime ban on women serving in US military combat roles had been lifted. The US Department of Defense plans to integrate women into all combat positions by 2016.", "answer": "1975", "sentence": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a 1975 law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. <hl> However, the changing of social attitudes towards women is usually considered the greatest success of the women's movement. In January 2013, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the longtime ban on women serving in US military combat roles had been lifted. The US Department of Defense plans to integrate women into all combat positions by 2016.", "paragraph_answer": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a <hl> 1975 <hl> law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973. However, the changing of social attitudes towards women is usually considered the greatest success of the women's movement. In January 2013, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the longtime ban on women serving in US military combat roles had been lifted. The US Department of Defense plans to integrate women into all combat positions by 2016.", "sentence_answer": "Amongst the most significant legal victories of the movement after the formation of NOW were a 1967 Executive Order extending full affirmative action rights to women, a 1968 EEOC decision ruling illegal sex-segregated help wanted ads, Title IX and the Women's Educational Equity Act (1972 and 1974, respectively, educational equality), Title X (1970, health and family planning), the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, the outlawing of marital rape (although not outlawed in all states until 1993 ), and the legalization of no-fault divorce (although not legalized in all states until 2010 ), a <hl> 1975 <hl> law requiring the U.S. Military Academies to admit women, and many Supreme Court cases, perhaps most notably Reed v. Reed of 1971 and Roe v. Wade of 1973.", "paragraph_id": "5d677b382b22cd4dfcfbfd13"}
{"question": "What does the Bolivian Orocline overlap with?", "paragraph": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "answer": "The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau", "sentence": "The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. <hl> The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. <hl> The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. <hl> The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau <hl> and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau <hl> and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening.", "paragraph_id": "5d6598af2b22cd4dfcfbca5e"}
{"question": "How high must the psychometric exam grade be in Israel for acceptance?", "paragraph": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed. They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. However, as of 2009, Tel Aviv University has introduced a four-year program similar to the US system for students with a bachelor's degree in certain biological sciences. The entrance requirements of the various schools of medicine are very strict. Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740. The demand for medical education is strong and growing and there is a lack of doctors in Israel. The Technion Medical School, Ben Gurion University, and Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine offer 4-year MD programs for American students who have American college degrees and have taken the MCAT interested in completing rigorous medical education in Israel before returning to the US or Canada. The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "answer": "over 740", "sentence": "Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740 .", "paragraph_sentence": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed. They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. However, as of 2009, Tel Aviv University has introduced a four-year program similar to the US system for students with a bachelor's degree in certain biological sciences. The entrance requirements of the various schools of medicine are very strict. <hl> Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740 . <hl> The demand for medical education is strong and growing and there is a lack of doctors in Israel. The Technion Medical School, Ben Gurion University, and Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine offer 4-year MD programs for American students who have American college degrees and have taken the MCAT interested in completing rigorous medical education in Israel before returning to the US or Canada. The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "paragraph_answer": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed. They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. However, as of 2009, Tel Aviv University has introduced a four-year program similar to the US system for students with a bachelor's degree in certain biological sciences. The entrance requirements of the various schools of medicine are very strict. Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade <hl> over 740 <hl>. The demand for medical education is strong and growing and there is a lack of doctors in Israel. The Technion Medical School, Ben Gurion University, and Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine offer 4-year MD programs for American students who have American college degrees and have taken the MCAT interested in completing rigorous medical education in Israel before returning to the US or Canada. The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "sentence_answer": "Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade <hl> over 740 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6681912b22cd4dfcfbe11b"}
{"question": "What was the name of the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly?", "paragraph": "One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ), the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. Until British supplies began to arrive in appreciable quantities in 1944, the occupiers were the only source of arms. The other objective was to create a federal multi-ethnic communist state in Yugoslavia. To this end, the KPJ attempted to appeal to all the various ethnic groups within Yugoslavia, by preserving the rights of each group.", "answer": "Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ)", "sentence": "One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ) , the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ) , the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. <hl> Until British supplies began to arrive in appreciable quantities in 1944, the occupiers were the only source of arms. The other objective was to create a federal multi-ethnic communist state in Yugoslavia. To this end, the KPJ attempted to appeal to all the various ethnic groups within Yugoslavia, by preserving the rights of each group.", "paragraph_answer": "One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the <hl> Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ) <hl>, the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces. Until British supplies began to arrive in appreciable quantities in 1944, the occupiers were the only source of arms. The other objective was to create a federal multi-ethnic communist state in Yugoslavia. To this end, the KPJ attempted to appeal to all the various ethnic groups within Yugoslavia, by preserving the rights of each group.", "sentence_answer": "One of two objectives of the movement, which was the military arm of the Unitary National Liberation Front (UNOF) coalition, led by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) and represented by the <hl> Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNNOJ) <hl> , the Yugoslav wartime deliberative assembly, was to fight the occupying forces.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f7792b22cd4dfcfc048a"}
{"question": "Structural building enginnering is different to that of architectural design by means of what?", "paragraph": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the loads it could reasonably be expected to experience. This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic.", "answer": "an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic", "sentence": "This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic .", "paragraph_sentence": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the loads it could reasonably be expected to experience. <hl> This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Structural building engineering is primarily driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms and the underlying mathematical and scientific ideas to achieve an end which fulfills its functional requirements and is structurally safe when subjected to all the loads it could reasonably be expected to experience. This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve <hl> an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This is subtly different from architectural design, which is driven by the creative manipulation of materials and forms, mass, space, volume, texture and light to achieve <hl> an end which is aesthetic, functional and often artistic <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6757fb2b22cd4dfcfbf7a1"}
{"question": "Which school has strong and well regarded departments in mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics?", "paragraph": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "answer": "Pitt", "sentence": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. <hl> Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "paragraph_answer": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of <hl> Pitt <hl> programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "sentence_answer": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of <hl> Pitt <hl> programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b99c2b22cd4dfcfc009c"}
{"question": "In the Soviet Union, what set of principles was used to determine if art and culture were acceptable?", "paragraph": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. Organised religion was repressed, especially minority religious groups. Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism, and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "answer": "Socialist Realism", "sentence": "Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism , and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "paragraph_sentence": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. Organised religion was repressed, especially minority religious groups. Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. <hl> Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism , and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. Organised religion was repressed, especially minority religious groups. Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of <hl> Socialist Realism <hl>, and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "sentence_answer": "Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of <hl> Socialist Realism <hl> , and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "paragraph_id": "5d67233c2b22cd4dfcfbf03a"}
{"question": "What is one example of a secondary Koppen classification label?", "paragraph": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation.  The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "answer": "oceanic climate", "sentence": "The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate , Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "paragraph_sentence": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. <hl> The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, oceanic climate , Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The K\u00f6ppen classification depends on average monthly values of temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used form of the K\u00f6ppen classification has five primary types labeled A through E. Specifically, the primary types are A, tropical; B, dry; C, mild mid-latitude; D, cold mid-latitude; and E, polar. The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, <hl> oceanic climate <hl>, Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "sentence_answer": "The five primary classifications can be further divided into secondary classifications such as rain forest, monsoon, tropical savanna, humid subtropical, humid continental, <hl> oceanic climate <hl> , Mediterranean climate, steppe, subarctic climate, tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.", "paragraph_id": "5d677c722b22cd4dfcfbfd44"}
{"question": "What are used to transform beams?", "paragraph": "If the separation distance is equal to the sum of the focal lengths (d = f1+f2), the FFL and BFL are infinite. This corresponds to a pair of lenses that transform a parallel (collimated) beam into another collimated beam. This type of system is called an afocal system, since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope. Although the system does not alter the divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by", "answer": "afocal system", "sentence": "This type of system is called an afocal system , since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam.", "paragraph_sentence": "If the separation distance is equal to the sum of the focal lengths (d = f1+f2), the FFL and BFL are infinite. This corresponds to a pair of lenses that transform a parallel (collimated) beam into another collimated beam. <hl> This type of system is called an afocal system , since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. <hl> Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope. Although the system does not alter the divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by", "paragraph_answer": "If the separation distance is equal to the sum of the focal lengths (d = f1+f2), the FFL and BFL are infinite. This corresponds to a pair of lenses that transform a parallel (collimated) beam into another collimated beam. This type of system is called an <hl> afocal system <hl>, since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam. Two lenses at this separation form the simplest type of optical telescope. Although the system does not alter the divergence of a collimated beam, it does alter the width of the beam. The magnification of such a telescope is given by", "sentence_answer": "This type of system is called an <hl> afocal system <hl> , since it produces no net convergence or divergence of the beam.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702062b22cd4dfcfbea23"}
{"question": "What caused the 2012 crisis?", "paragraph": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season.  The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "answer": "the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "sentence": " The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "paragraph_sentence": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season. <hl> The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season. The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before <hl> the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012. <hl>", "sentence_answer": " The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before <hl> the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d661de62b22cd4dfcfbd935"}
{"question": "What name did Betty Friedan give to the issue of limited possibilities and wasted potential of women?", "paragraph": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\". The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "answer": "\"The Problem That Has No Name\"", "sentence": "Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. <hl> Friedan described this as \"The Problem That Has No Name\" . <hl> The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1963 Betty Friedan, influenced by The Second Sex, wrote the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique. Discussing primarily white women, she explicitly objected to how women were depicted in the mainstream media, and how placing them at home limited their possibilities and wasted potential. Friedan described this as <hl> \"The Problem That Has No Name\" <hl>. The perfect nuclear family image depicted and strongly marketed at the time, she wrote, did not reflect happiness and was rather degrading for women. This book is widely credited with having begun second-wave feminism.", "sentence_answer": "Friedan described this as <hl> \"The Problem That Has No Name\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6711022b22cd4dfcfbed2f"}
{"question": "How many streets were there in the original Manhattan traffic plan?", "paragraph": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx, north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and shopping venues. Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip. In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).", "answer": "155", "sentence": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were 155 numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). <hl> Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx, north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and shopping venues. Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip. In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).", "paragraph_answer": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were <hl> 155 <hl> numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan). Moreover, the numbering system continues even in The Bronx, north of Manhattan, despite the fact that the grid plan is not so regular there, and the last numbered street is 263rd Street. Fifteen crosstown streets were designated as 100 feet (30 m) wide, including 34th, 42nd, 57th and 125th Streets, which became some of the borough's most significant transportation and shopping venues. Broadway is the most notable of many exceptions to the grid, starting at Bowling Green in Lower Manhattan and continuing north into the Bronx at Manhattan's northern tip. In much of Midtown Manhattan, Broadway runs at a diagonal to the grid, creating major named intersections at Union Square (Park Avenue South/Fourth Avenue and 14th Street), Madison Square (Fifth Avenue and 23rd Street), Herald Square (Sixth Avenue and 34th Street), Times Square (Seventh Avenue and 42nd Street), and Columbus Circle (Eighth Avenue/Central Park West and 59th Street).", "sentence_answer": "According to the original Commissioner's Plan, there were <hl> 155 <hl> numbered crosstown streets, but later the grid was extended up to the northernmost corner of Manhattan, where the last numbered street is 220th Street (Manhattan).", "paragraph_id": "5d670fca2b22cd4dfcfbecf0"}
{"question": "What do the sequences not always represent?", "paragraph": "These sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs. \u27e8ae\u27e9 and \u27e8oe\u27e9 also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in a\u0113nus [a\u02c8e\u02d0.n\u028as] \"of bronze\" and co\u0113pit [k\u0254\u02c8e\u02d0.p\u026at] \"began\", and \u27e8au ui eu ei ou\u27e9 represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cau\u0113 [\u02c8ka.we\u02d0] \"beware!\", cuius [\u02c8k\u028aj.j\u028as] \"whose\", monu\u012b [\u02c8m\u0254n.\u028a.i\u02d0] \"I warned\", solu\u012b [\u02c8s\u0254\u026b.wi\u02d0] \"I released\", d\u0113l\u0113u\u012b [de\u02d0\u02c8le\u02d0.wi\u02d0] \"I destroyed\", eius [\u02c8\u025bj.j\u028as] \"his\", and nouus [\u02c8n\u0254.w\u028as] \"new\".", "answer": "diphthongs", "sentence": "These sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> These sequences sometimes did not represent diphthongs . <hl> \u27e8ae\u27e9 and \u27e8oe\u27e9 also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in a\u0113nus [a\u02c8e\u02d0.n\u028as] \"of bronze\" and co\u0113pit [k\u0254\u02c8e\u02d0.p\u026at] \"began\", and \u27e8au ui eu ei ou\u27e9 represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cau\u0113 [\u02c8ka.we\u02d0] \"beware!\", cuius [\u02c8k\u028aj.j\u028as] \"whose\", monu\u012b [\u02c8m\u0254n.\u028a.i\u02d0] \"I warned\", solu\u012b [\u02c8s\u0254\u026b.wi\u02d0] \"I released\", d\u0113l\u0113u\u012b [de\u02d0\u02c8le\u02d0.wi\u02d0] \"I destroyed\", eius [\u02c8\u025bj.j\u028as] \"his\", and nouus [\u02c8n\u0254.w\u028as] \"new\".", "paragraph_answer": "These sequences sometimes did not represent <hl> diphthongs <hl>. \u27e8ae\u27e9 and \u27e8oe\u27e9 also represented a sequence of two vowels in different syllables in a\u0113nus [a\u02c8e\u02d0.n\u028as] \"of bronze\" and co\u0113pit [k\u0254\u02c8e\u02d0.p\u026at] \"began\", and \u27e8au ui eu ei ou\u27e9 represented sequences of two vowels, or of a vowel and one of the semivowels /j w/, in cau\u0113 [\u02c8ka.we\u02d0] \"beware!\", cuius [\u02c8k\u028aj.j\u028as] \"whose\", monu\u012b [\u02c8m\u0254n.\u028a.i\u02d0] \"I warned\", solu\u012b [\u02c8s\u0254\u026b.wi\u02d0] \"I released\", d\u0113l\u0113u\u012b [de\u02d0\u02c8le\u02d0.wi\u02d0] \"I destroyed\", eius [\u02c8\u025bj.j\u028as] \"his\", and nouus [\u02c8n\u0254.w\u028as] \"new\".", "sentence_answer": "These sequences sometimes did not represent <hl> diphthongs <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6604d42b22cd4dfcfbd5c0"}
{"question": "What union is the Republican party in?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union", "sentence": "The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union .", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. <hl> The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union . <hl> It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of <hl> the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union <hl>. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "The party is a full member of <hl> the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6711882b22cd4dfcfbed75"}
{"question": "What term is associated to Samuel Peters?", "paragraph": "According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a \"Connecticuter.\" There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \"Connecticotian\" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. \"Connecticutensian\" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781. \"Nutmegger\" is sometimes used, as is \"Yankee\" (the official state song is \"Yankee Doodle\"), though this usually refers to someone from the wider New England region (and in the Southern United States, to anyone who lives north of the Mason\u2013Dixon line). Linguist Allen Walker Read reports a more playful term, 'connecticutie.' The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is \"Conn.;\" the official postal abbreviation is CT.", "answer": "Connecticutensian", "sentence": "There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \"Connecticotian\" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. \" Connecticutensian \" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a \"Connecticuter.\" <hl> There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \"Connecticotian\" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. \" Connecticutensian \" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781. <hl> \"Nutmegger\" is sometimes used, as is \"Yankee\" (the official state song is \"Yankee Doodle\"), though this usually refers to someone from the wider New England region (and in the Southern United States, to anyone who lives north of the Mason\u2013Dixon line). Linguist Allen Walker Read reports a more playful term, 'connecticutie.' The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is \"Conn.;\" the official postal abbreviation is CT.", "paragraph_answer": "According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a \"Connecticuter.\" There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \"Connecticotian\" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. \"<hl> Connecticutensian <hl>\" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781. \"Nutmegger\" is sometimes used, as is \"Yankee\" (the official state song is \"Yankee Doodle\"), though this usually refers to someone from the wider New England region (and in the Southern United States, to anyone who lives north of the Mason\u2013Dixon line). Linguist Allen Walker Read reports a more playful term, 'connecticutie.' The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is \"Conn.;\" the official postal abbreviation is CT.", "sentence_answer": "There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \"Connecticotian\" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. \" <hl> Connecticutensian <hl> \" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8852b22cd4dfcfbd48a"}
{"question": "Why does the genre began to expand its reach?", "paragraph": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep. As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "answer": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically", "sentence": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically , it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically , it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). <hl> It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep. As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically <hl>, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep. As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically <hl> , it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997).", "paragraph_id": "5d66a70d2b22cd4dfcfbe3bc"}
{"question": "The manifestation of Neolithic complex began which age?", "paragraph": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[citation needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c.\u20095,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age.", "answer": "Bronze Age", "sentence": "The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c.\u20095,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age .", "paragraph_sentence": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[citation needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. <hl> The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[citation needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the <hl> Bronze Age <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the <hl> Bronze Age <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673aea2b22cd4dfcfbf338"}
{"question": "How are infinite formulas essentially identified?", "paragraph": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "answer": "with their parse trees", "sentence": "Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees , rather than with the strings being parsed.", "paragraph_sentence": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. <hl> Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees , rather than with the strings being parsed. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Infinitary logic generalizes first-order logic to allow formulas of infinite length. The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified <hl> with their parse trees <hl>, rather than with the strings being parsed.", "sentence_answer": "Thus formulas are, essentially, identified <hl> with their parse trees <hl> , rather than with the strings being parsed.", "paragraph_id": "5d666de62b22cd4dfcfbdec0"}
{"question": "What subset of first-order sentences are discussed in the compactness theorem?", "paragraph": "The compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every finite subset of it has a model. This implies that if a formula is a logical consequence of an infinite set of first-order axioms, then it is a logical consequence of some finite number of those axioms. This theorem was proved first by Kurt G\u00f6del as a consequence of the completeness theorem, but many additional proofs have been obtained over time. It is a central tool in model theory, providing a fundamental method for constructing models.", "answer": "finite", "sentence": "The compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every finite subset of it has a model.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every finite subset of it has a model. <hl> This implies that if a formula is a logical consequence of an infinite set of first-order axioms, then it is a logical consequence of some finite number of those axioms. This theorem was proved first by Kurt G\u00f6del as a consequence of the completeness theorem, but many additional proofs have been obtained over time. It is a central tool in model theory, providing a fundamental method for constructing models.", "paragraph_answer": "The compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every <hl> finite <hl> subset of it has a model. This implies that if a formula is a logical consequence of an infinite set of first-order axioms, then it is a logical consequence of some finite number of those axioms. This theorem was proved first by Kurt G\u00f6del as a consequence of the completeness theorem, but many additional proofs have been obtained over time. It is a central tool in model theory, providing a fundamental method for constructing models.", "sentence_answer": "The compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every <hl> finite <hl> subset of it has a model.", "paragraph_id": "5d671d462b22cd4dfcfbefbd"}
{"question": "What is one of the busiest waterways in the world?", "paragraph": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "answer": "Bosphorus", "sentence": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. <hl> As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "paragraph_answer": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the <hl> Bosphorus <hl> is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "sentence_answer": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the <hl> Bosphorus <hl> is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1772b22cd4dfcfbd366"}
{"question": "How many houses are there?", "paragraph": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "answer": "two", "sentence": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. <hl> As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "paragraph_answer": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the <hl> two <hl> houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "sentence_answer": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the <hl> two <hl> houses have almost equal legislative power.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d2da2b22cd4dfcfbce18"}
{"question": "What can help reduce or prevent conflict?", "paragraph": "Conflict resolution\nEconomic and/or political decentralization can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government. Dawn Brancati finds that political decentralization reduces intrastate conflict unless politicians create political parties that mobilize minority and even extremist groups to demand more resources and power within national governments. However, the likelihood this will be done depends on factors like how democratic transitions happen and features like a regional party's proportion of legislative seats, a country's number of regional legislatures, elector procedures, and the order in which national and regional elections occur. Brancati holds that decentralization can promote peace if it encourages statewide parties to incorporate regional demands and limit the power of regional parties.", "answer": "Economic and/or political decentralization", "sentence": "Conflict resolution\n Economic and/or political decentralization can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Conflict resolution Economic and/or political decentralization can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government. <hl> Dawn Brancati finds that political decentralization reduces intrastate conflict unless politicians create political parties that mobilize minority and even extremist groups to demand more resources and power within national governments. However, the likelihood this will be done depends on factors like how democratic transitions happen and features like a regional party's proportion of legislative seats, a country's number of regional legislatures, elector procedures, and the order in which national and regional elections occur. Brancati holds that decentralization can promote peace if it encourages statewide parties to incorporate regional demands and limit the power of regional parties.", "paragraph_answer": "Conflict resolution <hl> Economic and/or political decentralization <hl> can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government. Dawn Brancati finds that political decentralization reduces intrastate conflict unless politicians create political parties that mobilize minority and even extremist groups to demand more resources and power within national governments. However, the likelihood this will be done depends on factors like how democratic transitions happen and features like a regional party's proportion of legislative seats, a country's number of regional legislatures, elector procedures, and the order in which national and regional elections occur. Brancati holds that decentralization can promote peace if it encourages statewide parties to incorporate regional demands and limit the power of regional parties.", "sentence_answer": "Conflict resolution <hl> Economic and/or political decentralization <hl> can help prevent or reduce conflict because they reduce actual or perceived inequities between various regions or between a region and the central government.", "paragraph_id": "5d660be72b22cd4dfcfbd6d2"}
{"question": "What is the blue rectangle in the American flag called?", "paragraph": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It  consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "answer": "the \"union\"", "sentence": "It  consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\" ) bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. <hl> It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\" ) bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. <hl> The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "paragraph_answer": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as <hl> the \"union\" <hl>) bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "sentence_answer": "It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as <hl> the \"union\" <hl> ) bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dbbe2b22cd4dfcfbcf48"}
{"question": "The global averaged annual precipitation is 39 in, how much of that falls over land?", "paragraph": "Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres (28.1 in). Climate classification systems such as the K\u00f6ppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes.", "answer": "28.1 in", "sentence": "Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres ( 28.1 in ).", "paragraph_sentence": "Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. <hl> Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres ( 28.1 in ). <hl> Climate classification systems such as the K\u00f6ppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes.", "paragraph_answer": "Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres (<hl> 28.1 in <hl>). Climate classification systems such as the K\u00f6ppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes.", "sentence_answer": "Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres ( <hl> 28.1 in <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d6773a42b22cd4dfcfbfc55"}
{"question": "What was a particular focus of the technical changes added to Windows Vista?", "paragraph": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers. It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features. It was available in a number of different editions, and has been subject to some criticism, such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008.", "answer": "security features", "sentence": "It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features .", "paragraph_sentence": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers. <hl> It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features . <hl> It was available in a number of different editions, and has been subject to some criticism, such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008.", "paragraph_answer": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers. It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on <hl> security features <hl>. It was available in a number of different editions, and has been subject to some criticism, such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008.", "sentence_answer": "It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on <hl> security features <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67158b2b22cd4dfcfbee96"}
{"question": "When rain happens at intense yet short intervals in scattered locations what is it called?", "paragraph": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.  The main forms of precipitation include  drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail.  Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\".  Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.  Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.  Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "answer": "showers", "sentence": " Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \" showers .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. <hl> Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \" showers .\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"<hl> showers <hl>.\"", "sentence_answer": " Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \" <hl> showers <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d676fc62b22cd4dfcfbfb9c"}
{"question": "Who receives gifts at this festival?", "paragraph": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "answer": "the women/invitees and to their children.", "sentence": "Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family.", "paragraph_sentence": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. <hl> Besides the feast, gifts are given to the women/invitees and to their children. It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. <hl> Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Held in November, this is a social festival of the Meeteis and many communities of Manipur where married women (Ningol) are invited (Chakouba, literally calling to a meal; for dinner or lunch) to a feast at their parental house with their children. Besides the feast, gifts are given to <hl> the women/invitees and to their children. <hl> It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family. Nowadays, other communities have started celebrating this kind of a family-bonding festival. It is held every year on the 2nd lunar day of Heyangei (mostly during the month of November; sometimes it falls in October).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Besides the feast, gifts are given to <hl> the women/invitees and to their children. <hl> It is the festival that binds and revives the family relations between the girls married away and the parental family.", "paragraph_id": "5d67896a2b22cd4dfcfbfe25"}
{"question": "What type of building was built on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Avenue?", "paragraph": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S. west of the Allegheny Mountains. The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. Brackenridge obtained a charter for the school from the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on February 28, 1787, just ten weeks before the opening of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, contained three rooms: one below and two above.", "answer": "brick building", "sentence": "A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy.", "paragraph_sentence": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S. west of the Allegheny Mountains. The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. Brackenridge obtained a charter for the school from the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on February 28, 1787, just ten weeks before the opening of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. <hl> A brick building was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. <hl> The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, contained three rooms: one below and two above.", "paragraph_answer": "Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S. west of the Allegheny Mountains. The school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. Brackenridge obtained a charter for the school from the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on February 28, 1787, just ten weeks before the opening of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. A <hl> brick building <hl> was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, contained three rooms: one below and two above.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> brick building <hl> was erected in 1790 on the south side of Third Street and Cherry Alley for the Pittsburgh Academy.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fb8e2b22cd4dfcfbe8ea"}
{"question": "Where might you find rainfall that is relatively unchanged during the year?", "paragraph": "The wet, or rainy, season is the time of year, covering one or more months, when most of the average annual rainfall in a region falls.  The term green season is also sometimes used as a euphemism by tourist authorities.  Areas with wet seasons are dispersed across portions of the tropics and subtropics. Savanna climates and areas with monsoon regimes have wet summers and dry winters.  Tropical rainforests technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year.  Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons will see a break in rainfall mid-season when the intertropical convergence zone or monsoon trough move poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season.  When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or summer, rain falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours.  The wet season is a time when air quality improves, freshwater quality improves, and vegetation grows significantly.  Soil nutrients diminish and erosion increases.  Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime.  The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature.  Developing countries have noted that their populations show seasonal weight fluctuations due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season.", "answer": "Tropical rainforests", "sentence": " Tropical rainforests technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year.", "paragraph_sentence": "The wet, or rainy, season is the time of year, covering one or more months, when most of the average annual rainfall in a region falls. The term green season is also sometimes used as a euphemism by tourist authorities. Areas with wet seasons are dispersed across portions of the tropics and subtropics. Savanna climates and areas with monsoon regimes have wet summers and dry winters. <hl> Tropical rainforests technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year. <hl> Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons will see a break in rainfall mid-season when the intertropical convergence zone or monsoon trough move poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season. When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or summer, rain falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours. The wet season is a time when air quality improves, freshwater quality improves, and vegetation grows significantly. Soil nutrients diminish and erosion increases. Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime. The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature. Developing countries have noted that their populations show seasonal weight fluctuations due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season.", "paragraph_answer": "The wet, or rainy, season is the time of year, covering one or more months, when most of the average annual rainfall in a region falls. The term green season is also sometimes used as a euphemism by tourist authorities. Areas with wet seasons are dispersed across portions of the tropics and subtropics. Savanna climates and areas with monsoon regimes have wet summers and dry winters. <hl> Tropical rainforests <hl> technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year. Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons will see a break in rainfall mid-season when the intertropical convergence zone or monsoon trough move poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season. When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or summer, rain falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours. The wet season is a time when air quality improves, freshwater quality improves, and vegetation grows significantly. Soil nutrients diminish and erosion increases. Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime. The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature. Developing countries have noted that their populations show seasonal weight fluctuations due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Tropical rainforests <hl> technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f7cc2b22cd4dfcfbe826"}
{"question": "What are the construction that are still existed until today?", "paragraph": "The Andes Mountains form a north-south axis of cultural influences. A long series of cultural development culminated in the expansion of the Inca civilization and Inca Empire in the central Andes during the 15th century. The Incas formed this civilization through imperialistic militarism as well as careful and meticulous governmental management. The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations. Some of these constructions are still in existence today.", "answer": "aqueducts and roads", "sentence": "The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes Mountains form a north-south axis of cultural influences. A long series of cultural development culminated in the expansion of the Inca civilization and Inca Empire in the central Andes during the 15th century. The Incas formed this civilization through imperialistic militarism as well as careful and meticulous governmental management. <hl> The government sponsored the construction of aqueducts and roads in addition to preexisting installations. <hl> Some of these constructions are still in existence today.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes Mountains form a north-south axis of cultural influences. A long series of cultural development culminated in the expansion of the Inca civilization and Inca Empire in the central Andes during the 15th century. The Incas formed this civilization through imperialistic militarism as well as careful and meticulous governmental management. The government sponsored the construction of <hl> aqueducts and roads <hl> in addition to preexisting installations. Some of these constructions are still in existence today.", "sentence_answer": "The government sponsored the construction of <hl> aqueducts and roads <hl> in addition to preexisting installations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6608c82b22cd4dfcfbd658"}
{"question": "In what year did Canada win the world cup?", "paragraph": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "answer": "Canada won in 2004.", "sentence": "The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. <hl> The United States won in 1996 and Canada won in 2004. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The 1972 Summit Series and 1974 Summit Series, two series pitting the best Canadian and Soviet players without IIHF restrictions were major successes, and established a rivalry between Canada and the USSR. In the spirit of best-versus-best without restrictions on amateur or professional status, the series were followed by five Canada Cup tournaments, played in North America. Two NHL versus USSR series were also held: the 1979 Challenge Cup and Rendez-vous '87. The Canada Cup tournament later became the World Cup of Hockey, played in 1996 and 2004. The United States won in 1996 and <hl> Canada won in 2004. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "The United States won in 1996 and <hl> Canada won in 2004. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3fa2b22cd4dfcfbd144"}
{"question": "What term is associated to Cotton Mather?", "paragraph": "According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a \"Connecticuter.\" There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \"Connecticotian\" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. \"Connecticutensian\" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781. \"Nutmegger\" is sometimes used, as is \"Yankee\" (the official state song is \"Yankee Doodle\"), though this usually refers to someone from the wider New England region (and in the Southern United States, to anyone who lives north of the Mason\u2013Dixon line). Linguist Allen Walker Read reports a more playful term, 'connecticutie.' The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is \"Conn.;\" the official postal abbreviation is CT.", "answer": "Connecticotian", "sentence": "There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \" Connecticotian \" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a \"Connecticuter.\" <hl> There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \" Connecticotian \" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. <hl> \"Connecticutensian\" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781. \"Nutmegger\" is sometimes used, as is \"Yankee\" (the official state song is \"Yankee Doodle\"), though this usually refers to someone from the wider New England region (and in the Southern United States, to anyone who lives north of the Mason\u2013Dixon line). Linguist Allen Walker Read reports a more playful term, 'connecticutie.' The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is \"Conn.;\" the official postal abbreviation is CT.", "paragraph_answer": "According to Webster's New International Dictionary, 1993, a person who is a native or resident of Connecticut is a \"Connecticuter.\" There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \"<hl> Connecticotian <hl>\" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702. \"Connecticutensian\" \u2013 Samuel Peters in 1781. \"Nutmegger\" is sometimes used, as is \"Yankee\" (the official state song is \"Yankee Doodle\"), though this usually refers to someone from the wider New England region (and in the Southern United States, to anyone who lives north of the Mason\u2013Dixon line). Linguist Allen Walker Read reports a more playful term, 'connecticutie.' The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is \"Conn.;\" the official postal abbreviation is CT.", "sentence_answer": "There are numerous other terms coined in print, but not in use, such as: \" <hl> Connecticotian <hl> \" \u2013 Cotton Mather in 1702.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8852b22cd4dfcfbd489"}
{"question": "According to Christopher's hypothesis, what contributed to the need to avoid disputes and injuries?", "paragraph": "Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons. Other theories are that increasing complexity was simply a correlate of increasing group size and brain size, and in particular the development of theory of mind abilities.", "answer": "stone weapons", "sentence": "Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing stone weapons . <hl> Other theories are that increasing complexity was simply a correlate of increasing group size and brain size, and in particular the development of theory of mind abilities.", "paragraph_answer": "Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing <hl> stone weapons <hl>. Other theories are that increasing complexity was simply a correlate of increasing group size and brain size, and in particular the development of theory of mind abilities.", "sentence_answer": "Christopher Boehm (1982) has hypothesized that the incremental development of moral complexity throughout hominid evolution was due to the increasing need to avoid disputes and injuries in moving to open savanna and developing <hl> stone weapons <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6766972b22cd4dfcfbf9e7"}
{"question": "What organization is considered a major donor to the university?", "paragraph": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC. Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a \"best value\" in higher education by several publications.", "answer": "National Institutes of Health", "sentence": "A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health .", "paragraph_sentence": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. <hl> A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health . <hl> It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC. Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a \"best value\" in higher education by several publications.", "paragraph_answer": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the <hl> National Institutes of Health <hl>. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC. Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a \"best value\" in higher education by several publications.", "sentence_answer": "A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the <hl> National Institutes of Health <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fa7d2b22cd4dfcfbe8c1"}
{"question": "In which order logic connectedness can be showed?", "paragraph": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges).  Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "answer": "second", "sentence": "However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second -order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \n\n\n\n\n\u03a3\n\n1\n\n\n1\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}}\n\n also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. <hl> However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second -order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are also more subtle limitations of first-order logic that are implied by the compactness theorem. For example, in computer science, many situations can be modeled as a directed graph of states (nodes) and connections (directed edges). Validating such a system may require showing that no \"bad\" state can be reached from any \"good\" state. Thus one seeks to determine if the good and bad states are in different connected components of the graph. However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in <hl> second <hl>-order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "sentence_answer": "However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula \u03c6(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in <hl> second <hl> -order logic, however, but not with only existential set quantifiers, as \u03a3 1 1 {\\displaystyle \\Sigma _{1}^{1}} also enjoys compactness.", "paragraph_id": "5d66dbe22b22cd4dfcfbe4de"}
{"question": "What is the 32-bit port of the Windows API called?", "paragraph": "In November 1988, a new development team within Microsoft (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as \"NT OS/2\". NT OS/2 was intended to be a secure, multi-user operating system with POSIX compatibility and a modular, portable kernel with preemptive multitasking and support for multiple processor architectures. However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as Win32 instead of those of OS/2. Win32 maintained a similar structure to the Windows APIs (allowing existing Windows applications to easily be ported to the platform), but also supported the capabilities of the existing NT kernel. Following its approval by Microsoft's staff, development continued on what was now Windows NT, the first 32-bit version of Windows. However, IBM objected to the changes, and ultimately continued OS/2 development on its own.", "answer": "Win32", "sentence": "However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as Win32 instead of those of OS/2.", "paragraph_sentence": "In November 1988, a new development team within Microsoft (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as \"NT OS/2\". NT OS/2 was intended to be a secure, multi-user operating system with POSIX compatibility and a modular, portable kernel with preemptive multitasking and support for multiple processor architectures. <hl> However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as Win32 instead of those of OS/2. <hl> Win32 maintained a similar structure to the Windows APIs (allowing existing Windows applications to easily be ported to the platform), but also supported the capabilities of the existing NT kernel. Following its approval by Microsoft's staff, development continued on what was now Windows NT, the first 32-bit version of Windows. However, IBM objected to the changes, and ultimately continued OS/2 development on its own.", "paragraph_answer": "In November 1988, a new development team within Microsoft (which included former Digital Equipment Corporation developers Dave Cutler and Mark Lucovsky) began work on a revamped version of IBM and Microsoft's OS/2 operating system known as \"NT OS/2\". NT OS/2 was intended to be a secure, multi-user operating system with POSIX compatibility and a modular, portable kernel with preemptive multitasking and support for multiple processor architectures. However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as <hl> Win32 <hl> instead of those of OS/2. Win32 maintained a similar structure to the Windows APIs (allowing existing Windows applications to easily be ported to the platform), but also supported the capabilities of the existing NT kernel. Following its approval by Microsoft's staff, development continued on what was now Windows NT, the first 32-bit version of Windows. However, IBM objected to the changes, and ultimately continued OS/2 development on its own.", "sentence_answer": "However, following the successful release of Windows 3.0, the NT development team decided to rework the project to use an extended 32-bit port of the Windows API known as <hl> Win32 <hl> instead of those of OS/2.", "paragraph_id": "5d6711662b22cd4dfcfbed53"}
{"question": "When was Istanbulkart system initiated?", "paragraph": "Istanbul's local public transportation system is a complex network of trams, funiculars, metro lines, buses, bus rapid transit, and ferries. Fares across modes are integrated, using the contactless Istanbulkart, introduced in 2009, or the older Akbil electronic ticket device. Trams in Istanbul date back to 1872, when they were horse-drawn, but even the first electrified trams were decommissioned in the 1960s. Operated by Istanbul Electricity, Tramway, and Tunnel General Management (\u0130ETT), trams slowly returned to the city in the 1990s with the introduction of a nostalgic route and a faster modern tram line, which now carries 265,000 passengers each day. The T\u00fcnel opened in 1875 as the world's second-oldest subterranean rail line (after London's Metropolitan Railway). It still carries passengers between Karak\u00f6y and \u0130stiklal Avenue along a steep 573-meter (1,880 ft) track; a more modern funicular between Taksim Square and Kabata\u015f began running in 2006.", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "Fares across modes are integrated, using the contactless Istanbulkart, introduced in 2009 , or the older Akbil electronic ticket device.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul's local public transportation system is a complex network of trams, funiculars, metro lines, buses, bus rapid transit, and ferries. <hl> Fares across modes are integrated, using the contactless Istanbulkart, introduced in 2009 , or the older Akbil electronic ticket device. <hl> Trams in Istanbul date back to 1872, when they were horse-drawn, but even the first electrified trams were decommissioned in the 1960s. Operated by Istanbul Electricity, Tramway, and Tunnel General Management (\u0130ETT), trams slowly returned to the city in the 1990s with the introduction of a nostalgic route and a faster modern tram line, which now carries 265,000 passengers each day. The T\u00fcnel opened in 1875 as the world's second-oldest subterranean rail line (after London's Metropolitan Railway). It still carries passengers between Karak\u00f6y and \u0130stiklal Avenue along a steep 573-meter (1,880 ft) track; a more modern funicular between Taksim Square and Kabata\u015f began running in 2006.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul's local public transportation system is a complex network of trams, funiculars, metro lines, buses, bus rapid transit, and ferries. Fares across modes are integrated, using the contactless Istanbulkart, introduced in <hl> 2009 <hl>, or the older Akbil electronic ticket device. Trams in Istanbul date back to 1872, when they were horse-drawn, but even the first electrified trams were decommissioned in the 1960s. Operated by Istanbul Electricity, Tramway, and Tunnel General Management (\u0130ETT), trams slowly returned to the city in the 1990s with the introduction of a nostalgic route and a faster modern tram line, which now carries 265,000 passengers each day. The T\u00fcnel opened in 1875 as the world's second-oldest subterranean rail line (after London's Metropolitan Railway). It still carries passengers between Karak\u00f6y and \u0130stiklal Avenue along a steep 573-meter (1,880 ft) track; a more modern funicular between Taksim Square and Kabata\u015f began running in 2006.", "sentence_answer": "Fares across modes are integrated, using the contactless Istanbulkart, introduced in <hl> 2009 <hl> , or the older Akbil electronic ticket device.", "paragraph_id": "5d66017c2b22cd4dfcfbd56f"}
{"question": "What group performed the initial Atlantic naval explorations?", "paragraph": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans, members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as \"a truly international exercise, even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\" That leadership later gave rise to the myth that \"the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration\".", "answer": "Europeans", "sentence": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans , members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans , members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. <hl> This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as \"a truly international exercise, even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\" That leadership later gave rise to the myth that \"the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration\".", "paragraph_answer": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by <hl> Europeans <hl>, members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as \"a truly international exercise, even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\" That leadership later gave rise to the myth that \"the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration\".", "sentence_answer": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by <hl> Europeans <hl> , members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands.", "paragraph_id": "5d669e762b22cd4dfcfbe354"}
{"question": "Poland was initially invaded, starting World War II, during what month?", "paragraph": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "answer": "September 1939", "sentence": "In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_sentence": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. <hl> In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in <hl> September 1939 <hl> by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "sentence_answer": "In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in <hl> September 1939 <hl> by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723662b22cd4dfcfbf043"}
{"question": "When did publication of The Sunday Times resume?", "paragraph": "TNL was plagued by a series of industrial disputes at its plant at Gray's Inn Road in London, with the print unions resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method with technology that would allow the papers to be composed electronically.  Thomson offered to invest millions of pounds to buy out obstructive practices and overmanning, but the unions rejected every proposal. As a result, publication of The Sunday Times and other titles in the group was suspended in November 1978. It did not resume until November 1979.", "answer": "November 1979", "sentence": "It did not resume until November 1979 .", "paragraph_sentence": "TNL was plagued by a series of industrial disputes at its plant at Gray's Inn Road in London, with the print unions resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method with technology that would allow the papers to be composed electronically. Thomson offered to invest millions of pounds to buy out obstructive practices and overmanning, but the unions rejected every proposal. As a result, publication of The Sunday Times and other titles in the group was suspended in November 1978. <hl> It did not resume until November 1979 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "TNL was plagued by a series of industrial disputes at its plant at Gray's Inn Road in London, with the print unions resisting attempts to replace the old-fashioned hot-metal and labour-intensive Linotype method with technology that would allow the papers to be composed electronically. Thomson offered to invest millions of pounds to buy out obstructive practices and overmanning, but the unions rejected every proposal. As a result, publication of The Sunday Times and other titles in the group was suspended in November 1978. It did not resume until <hl> November 1979 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "It did not resume until <hl> November 1979 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6774622b22cd4dfcfbfc7a"}
{"question": "what two ways are used to verify forecast?", "paragraph": "The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area.  A QPF will be specified when a measurable precipitation type reaching a minimum threshold is forecast for any hour during a QPF valid period.  Precipitation forecasts tend to be bound by synoptic hours such as 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT.  Terrain is considered in QPFs by use of topography or based upon climatological precipitation patterns from observations with fine detail. Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. Forecast models show significant sensitivity to humidity levels within the planetary boundary layer, or in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, which decreases with height.  QPF can be generated on a quantitative, forecasting amounts, or a qualitative, forecasting the probability of a specific amount, basis.  Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image.  The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates, or a combination of both.  Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast.", "answer": "rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates", "sentence": " The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates , or a combination of both.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area. A QPF will be specified when a measurable precipitation type reaching a minimum threshold is forecast for any hour during a QPF valid period. Precipitation forecasts tend to be bound by synoptic hours such as 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT. Terrain is considered in QPFs by use of topography or based upon climatological precipitation patterns from observations with fine detail. Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. Forecast models show significant sensitivity to humidity levels within the planetary boundary layer, or in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, which decreases with height. QPF can be generated on a quantitative, forecasting amounts, or a qualitative, forecasting the probability of a specific amount, basis. Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image. <hl> The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates , or a combination of both. <hl> Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast.", "paragraph_answer": "The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area. A QPF will be specified when a measurable precipitation type reaching a minimum threshold is forecast for any hour during a QPF valid period. Precipitation forecasts tend to be bound by synoptic hours such as 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT. Terrain is considered in QPFs by use of topography or based upon climatological precipitation patterns from observations with fine detail. Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. Forecast models show significant sensitivity to humidity levels within the planetary boundary layer, or in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, which decreases with height. QPF can be generated on a quantitative, forecasting amounts, or a qualitative, forecasting the probability of a specific amount, basis. Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image. The forecasts can be verified through use of <hl> rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates <hl>, or a combination of both. Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast.", "sentence_answer": " The forecasts can be verified through use of <hl> rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates <hl> , or a combination of both.", "paragraph_id": "5d671d072b22cd4dfcfbefb1"}
{"question": "Who defined the difference between socialism and communism?", "paragraph": "Originally and for a long time the concept of a socialist society was regarded as equal to that of a communist society. However, it was Lenin who defined the difference between \"socialism\" and \"communism\", explaining that they are similar to what Marx described with the lower and upper stages of communist society. Marx explained that in a society immediately after the revolution, distribution must be based on the contribution of the individual, whereas in the upper stage of communism the from each according to his ability, to each according to his need concept would be applied.", "answer": "Lenin", "sentence": "However, it was Lenin who defined the difference between \"socialism\" and \"communism\", explaining that they are similar to what Marx described with the lower and upper stages of communist society.", "paragraph_sentence": "Originally and for a long time the concept of a socialist society was regarded as equal to that of a communist society. <hl> However, it was Lenin who defined the difference between \"socialism\" and \"communism\", explaining that they are similar to what Marx described with the lower and upper stages of communist society. <hl> Marx explained that in a society immediately after the revolution, distribution must be based on the contribution of the individual, whereas in the upper stage of communism the from each according to his ability, to each according to his need concept would be applied.", "paragraph_answer": "Originally and for a long time the concept of a socialist society was regarded as equal to that of a communist society. However, it was <hl> Lenin <hl> who defined the difference between \"socialism\" and \"communism\", explaining that they are similar to what Marx described with the lower and upper stages of communist society. Marx explained that in a society immediately after the revolution, distribution must be based on the contribution of the individual, whereas in the upper stage of communism the from each according to his ability, to each according to his need concept would be applied.", "sentence_answer": "However, it was <hl> Lenin <hl> who defined the difference between \"socialism\" and \"communism\", explaining that they are similar to what Marx described with the lower and upper stages of communist society.", "paragraph_id": "5d670fc72b22cd4dfcfbece8"}
{"question": "In a hockey game, how many players per team are usually on the ice?", "paragraph": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "answer": "six", "sentence": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. <hl> The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "paragraph_answer": "Between the <hl> six <hl> players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "sentence_answer": "Between the <hl> six <hl> players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671502b22cd4dfcfbdf18"}
{"question": "Did Western medieval art contain bas-reliefs?", "paragraph": "The Ishtar Gate of Babylon, now in Berlin, has low reliefs of large animals formed from moulded bricks, glazed in colour. Plaster, which made the technique far easier, was widely used in Egypt and the Near East from antiquity into Islamic times (latterly for architectural decoration, as at the Alhambra), Rome, and Europe from at least the Renaissance, as well as probably elsewhere.  However, it needs very good conditions to survive long in unmaintained buildings \u2013 Roman decorative plasterwork is mainly known from Pompeii and other sites buried by ash from Mount Vesuvius.  Low relief was relatively rare in Western medieval art, but may be found, for example in wooden figures or scenes on the insides of the folding wings of multi-panel altarpieces.", "answer": "relatively rare", "sentence": " Low relief was relatively rare in Western medieval art, but may be found, for example in wooden figures or scenes on the insides of the folding wings of multi-panel altarpieces.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Ishtar Gate of Babylon, now in Berlin, has low reliefs of large animals formed from moulded bricks, glazed in colour. Plaster, which made the technique far easier, was widely used in Egypt and the Near East from antiquity into Islamic times (latterly for architectural decoration, as at the Alhambra), Rome, and Europe from at least the Renaissance, as well as probably elsewhere. However, it needs very good conditions to survive long in unmaintained buildings \u2013 Roman decorative plasterwork is mainly known from Pompeii and other sites buried by ash from Mount Vesuvius. <hl> Low relief was relatively rare in Western medieval art, but may be found, for example in wooden figures or scenes on the insides of the folding wings of multi-panel altarpieces. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Ishtar Gate of Babylon, now in Berlin, has low reliefs of large animals formed from moulded bricks, glazed in colour. Plaster, which made the technique far easier, was widely used in Egypt and the Near East from antiquity into Islamic times (latterly for architectural decoration, as at the Alhambra), Rome, and Europe from at least the Renaissance, as well as probably elsewhere. However, it needs very good conditions to survive long in unmaintained buildings \u2013 Roman decorative plasterwork is mainly known from Pompeii and other sites buried by ash from Mount Vesuvius. Low relief was <hl> relatively rare <hl> in Western medieval art, but may be found, for example in wooden figures or scenes on the insides of the folding wings of multi-panel altarpieces.", "sentence_answer": " Low relief was <hl> relatively rare <hl> in Western medieval art, but may be found, for example in wooden figures or scenes on the insides of the folding wings of multi-panel altarpieces.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c58b2b22cd4dfcfc01ab"}
{"question": "What did safire mean?", "paragraph": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\".  During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "answer": "sapphire", "sentence": "Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\" sapphire \"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\").", "paragraph_sentence": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. <hl> Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\" sapphire \"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). <hl> In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\". During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "paragraph_answer": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\"<hl> sapphire <hl>\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\". During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "sentence_answer": "Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\" <hl> sapphire <hl> \"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\").", "paragraph_id": "5d66efdb2b22cd4dfcfbe623"}
{"question": "What is morphology?", "paragraph": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "answer": "molecular identity", "sentence": "The morphology, molecular identity , and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "paragraph_sentence": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. <hl> The morphology, molecular identity , and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. The morphology, <hl> molecular identity <hl>, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "sentence_answer": "The morphology, <hl> molecular identity <hl> , and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b2f22b22cd4dfcfbffc8"}
{"question": "What caused a demand for housing?", "paragraph": "In the early years of the republic, Istanbul was overlooked in favor of Ankara, selected as Turkey's capital to distance the new, secular country from its Ottoman history. From the late 1940s and early 1950s, Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "answer": "sharp rise in the city's population", "sentence": "This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the early years of the republic, Istanbul was overlooked in favor of Ankara, selected as Turkey's capital to distance the new, secular country from its Ottoman history. From the late 1940s and early 1950s, Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. <hl> This sudden, sharp rise in the city's population caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the early years of the republic, Istanbul was overlooked in favor of Ankara, selected as Turkey's capital to distance the new, secular country from its Ottoman history. From the late 1940s and early 1950s, Istanbul underwent great structural change, as new public squares, boulevards, and avenues were constructed throughout the city, sometimes at the expense of historical buildings. The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. This sudden, <hl> sharp rise in the city's population <hl> caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "This sudden, <hl> sharp rise in the city's population <hl> caused a large demand for housing, and many previously outlying villages and forests became engulfed into the metropolitan area of Istanbul.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c86e2b22cd4dfcfbcd1e"}
{"question": "What are counties subdivided into?", "paragraph": "Counties and county equivalents may be further subdivided into townships. Towns in New York and New England are treated as equivalents to townships by the United States Census Bureau. Towns or townships are used as subdivisions of a county in 20 states, mostly in the Northeast and Midwest.", "answer": "townships", "sentence": "Counties and county equivalents may be further subdivided into townships .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Counties and county equivalents may be further subdivided into townships . <hl> Towns in New York and New England are treated as equivalents to townships by the United States Census Bureau. Towns or townships are used as subdivisions of a county in 20 states, mostly in the Northeast and Midwest.", "paragraph_answer": "Counties and county equivalents may be further subdivided into <hl> townships <hl>. Towns in New York and New England are treated as equivalents to townships by the United States Census Bureau. Towns or townships are used as subdivisions of a county in 20 states, mostly in the Northeast and Midwest.", "sentence_answer": "Counties and county equivalents may be further subdivided into <hl> townships <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676efd2b22cd4dfcfbfb70"}
{"question": "Which version was the first to receive broad commercial success?", "paragraph": "Windows 3.0, released in 1990, improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications.[citation needed] Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode, which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme. They run inside the same address space, where the segmented memory provides a degree of protection. Windows 3.0 also featured improvements to the user interface. Microsoft rewrote critical operations from C into assembly. Windows 3.0 is the first Microsoft Windows version to achieve broad commercial success, selling 2 million copies in the first six months.", "answer": "Windows 3.0", "sentence": "Windows 3.0 , released in 1990, improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications.[citation needed] Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode, which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Windows 3.0 , released in 1990, improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications.[citation needed] Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode, which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme. <hl> They run inside the same address space, where the segmented memory provides a degree of protection. Windows 3.0 also featured improvements to the user interface. Microsoft rewrote critical operations from C into assembly. Windows 3.0 is the first Microsoft Windows version to achieve broad commercial success, selling 2 million copies in the first six months.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Windows 3.0 <hl>, released in 1990, improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications.[citation needed] Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode, which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme. They run inside the same address space, where the segmented memory provides a degree of protection. Windows 3.0 also featured improvements to the user interface. Microsoft rewrote critical operations from C into assembly. Windows 3.0 is the first Microsoft Windows version to achieve broad commercial success, selling 2 million copies in the first six months.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Windows 3.0 <hl> , released in 1990, improved the design, mostly because of virtual memory and loadable virtual device drivers (VxDs) that allow Windows to share arbitrary devices between multi-tasked DOS applications.[citation needed] Windows 3.0 applications can run in protected mode, which gives them access to several megabytes of memory without the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme.", "paragraph_id": "5d66efc52b22cd4dfcfbe619"}
{"question": "What is the spot an ordered pair points out called?", "paragraph": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "answer": "at ordered pair (0, 0)", "sentence": "Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0) .", "paragraph_sentence": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. <hl> Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0) . <hl> The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "paragraph_answer": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually <hl> at ordered pair (0, 0) <hl>. The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "sentence_answer": "Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually <hl> at ordered pair (0, 0) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660c702b22cd4dfcfbd6f6"}
{"question": "What did the Latin name stannum originally refer to?", "paragraph": "The Latin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\". Stannum apparently came from an earlier st\u0101gnum (meaning the same substance), the origin of the Romance and Celtic terms for 'tin'. The origin of stannum/st\u0101gnum is unknown; it may be pre-Indo-European. The Meyers Konversationslexikon speculates on the contrary that stannum is derived from (the ancestor of) Cornish stean, and is proof that Cornwall in the first centuries AD was the main source of tin.", "answer": "an alloy of silver and lead", "sentence": "The Latin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead , and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Latin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead , and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\". <hl> Stannum apparently came from an earlier st\u0101gnum (meaning the same substance), the origin of the Romance and Celtic terms for 'tin'. The origin of stannum/st\u0101gnum is unknown; it may be pre-Indo-European. The Meyers Konversationslexikon speculates on the contrary that stannum is derived from (the ancestor of) Cornish stean, and is proof that Cornwall in the first centuries AD was the main source of tin.", "paragraph_answer": "The Latin name stannum originally meant <hl> an alloy of silver and lead <hl>, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\". Stannum apparently came from an earlier st\u0101gnum (meaning the same substance), the origin of the Romance and Celtic terms for 'tin'. The origin of stannum/st\u0101gnum is unknown; it may be pre-Indo-European. The Meyers Konversationslexikon speculates on the contrary that stannum is derived from (the ancestor of) Cornish stean, and is proof that Cornwall in the first centuries AD was the main source of tin.", "sentence_answer": "The Latin name stannum originally meant <hl> an alloy of silver and lead <hl> , and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66fcc92b22cd4dfcfbe92e"}
{"question": "What are fatty acids directly linked to to make a saccharolipid?", "paragraph": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone, forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. The most familiar saccharolipids are the acylated glucosamine precursors of the Lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria. Typical lipid A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains. The minimal lipopolysaccharide required for growth in E. coli is Kdo2-Lipid A, a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is glycosylated with two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues.", "answer": "sugar backbone", "sentence": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone , forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a sugar backbone , forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. <hl> In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. The most familiar saccharolipids are the acylated glucosamine precursors of the Lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria. Typical lipid A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains. The minimal lipopolysaccharide required for growth in E. coli is Kdo2-Lipid A, a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is glycosylated with two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues.", "paragraph_answer": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a <hl> sugar backbone <hl>, forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers. In the saccharolipids, a monosaccharide substitutes for the glycerol backbone present in glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. The most familiar saccharolipids are the acylated glucosamine precursors of the Lipid A component of the lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria. Typical lipid A molecules are disaccharides of glucosamine, which are derivatized with as many as seven fatty-acyl chains. The minimal lipopolysaccharide required for growth in E. coli is Kdo2-Lipid A, a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine that is glycosylated with two 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues.", "sentence_answer": "Saccharolipids describe compounds in which fatty acids are linked directly to a <hl> sugar backbone <hl> , forming structures that are compatible with membrane bilayers.", "paragraph_id": "5d67436e2b22cd4dfcfbf452"}
{"question": "What did the 20 new buses introduced by Oxford Bus Company in 2014 have?", "paragraph": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010, on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys). Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel.", "answer": "flywheel energy storage (FES)", "sentence": "In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University.", "paragraph_sentence": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010, on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys). Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. <hl> In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with flywheel energy storage (FES) on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. <hl> Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel.", "paragraph_answer": "Hybrid buses, which use battery power with a small diesel generator, began to be used in Oxford on 15 July 2010, on Stagecoach Oxfordshire's Route 1 (City centre \u2013 Cowley \u2013 Blackbird Leys). Both Stagecoach and Oxford Bus Company now operate numerous hybrid buses in the city. In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with <hl> flywheel energy storage (FES) <hl> on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University. Whereas electric hybrids use battery storage and an electric motor to save fuel, FES uses a high-speed flywheel.", "sentence_answer": "In 2014 Oxford Bus introduced a fleet of 20 new buses with <hl> flywheel energy storage (FES) <hl> on the services it operates under contract for Brookes University.", "paragraph_id": "5d67537f2b22cd4dfcfbf717"}
{"question": "What is melatonin?", "paragraph": "Several research also investigated the benefits of melatonin on cardiovascular diseases prevention and cure. Melatonin is a pineal gland secretion and it is shown to be able to lower total cholesterol, very-low-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood plasma of rats. Reduction of blood pressure is also observed when pharmacological doses are applied. Thus, it is deemed to be a plausible treatment for hypertension. However, further research needs to be conducted to investigate the side-effects, optimal dosage, etc. before it can be licensed for use.", "answer": "pineal gland secretion", "sentence": "Melatonin is a pineal gland secretion and it is shown to be able to lower total cholesterol, very-low-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood plasma of rats.", "paragraph_sentence": "Several research also investigated the benefits of melatonin on cardiovascular diseases prevention and cure. <hl> Melatonin is a pineal gland secretion and it is shown to be able to lower total cholesterol, very-low-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood plasma of rats. <hl> Reduction of blood pressure is also observed when pharmacological doses are applied. Thus, it is deemed to be a plausible treatment for hypertension. However, further research needs to be conducted to investigate the side-effects, optimal dosage, etc. before it can be licensed for use.", "paragraph_answer": "Several research also investigated the benefits of melatonin on cardiovascular diseases prevention and cure. Melatonin is a <hl> pineal gland secretion <hl> and it is shown to be able to lower total cholesterol, very-low-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood plasma of rats. Reduction of blood pressure is also observed when pharmacological doses are applied. Thus, it is deemed to be a plausible treatment for hypertension. However, further research needs to be conducted to investigate the side-effects, optimal dosage, etc. before it can be licensed for use.", "sentence_answer": "Melatonin is a <hl> pineal gland secretion <hl> and it is shown to be able to lower total cholesterol, very-low-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood plasma of rats.", "paragraph_id": "5d6665ad2b22cd4dfcfbddc0"}
{"question": "What were pie safes and food safes?", "paragraph": "In America, pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration. These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs. These cabinets had tinplate inserts in the doors and sometimes in the sides, punched out by the homeowner, cabinetmaker or a tinsmith in varying designs to allow for air circulation. Modern reproductions of these articles remain popular in North America.", "answer": "wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes", "sentence": "These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs.", "paragraph_sentence": "In America, pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration. <hl> These were wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs. <hl> These cabinets had tinplate inserts in the doors and sometimes in the sides, punched out by the homeowner, cabinetmaker or a tinsmith in varying designs to allow for air circulation. Modern reproductions of these articles remain popular in North America.", "paragraph_answer": "In America, pie safes and food safes came into use in the days before refrigeration. These were <hl> wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes <hl> \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs. These cabinets had tinplate inserts in the doors and sometimes in the sides, punched out by the homeowner, cabinetmaker or a tinsmith in varying designs to allow for air circulation. Modern reproductions of these articles remain popular in North America.", "sentence_answer": "These were <hl> wooden cupboards of various styles and sizes <hl> \u2013 either floor standing or hanging cupboards meant to discourage vermin and insects and to keep dust from perishable foodstuffs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c06b2b22cd4dfcfc015d"}
{"question": "What do the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy have in common?", "paragraph": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "answer": "unity in phonological forms and developments", "sentence": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments , bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments , bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. <hl> It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable <hl> unity in phonological forms and developments <hl>, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "sentence_answer": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable <hl> unity in phonological forms and developments <hl> , bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture.", "paragraph_id": "5d6611a52b22cd4dfcfbd798"}
{"question": "In 2006, how much money did the arts, film, history, and tourism segments generate for Connecticut?", "paragraph": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually. This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in state and local revenue. Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.", "answer": "more than $14 billion in economic activity", "sentence": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated more than $14 billion in economic activity and 170,000 jobs annually. <hl> This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in state and local revenue. Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated <hl> more than $14 billion in economic activity <hl> and 170,000 jobs annually. This provides $9 billion in personal income for Connecticut residents and $1.7 billion in state and local revenue. Two casinos, Foxwoods Resort Casino and Mohegan Sun, number among the state's largest employers; both are located on Native American reservations in the eastern part of Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "A report issued by the Connecticut Commission on Culture & Tourism on December 7, 2006, demonstrated that the economic impact of the arts, film, history and tourism generated <hl> more than $14 billion in economic activity <hl> and 170,000 jobs annually.", "paragraph_id": "5d6669a62b22cd4dfcfbde51"}
{"question": "Why has the Chlamydia link with coronary artery disease become less plausible?", "paragraph": "Some areas currently being researched include the possible links between infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae (a major cause of pneumonia) and coronary artery disease. The Chlamydia link has become less plausible with the absence of improvement after antibiotic use.", "answer": "absence of improvement after antibiotic use", "sentence": "The Chlamydia link has become less plausible with the absence of improvement after antibiotic use .", "paragraph_sentence": "Some areas currently being researched include the possible links between infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae (a major cause of pneumonia) and coronary artery disease. <hl> The Chlamydia link has become less plausible with the absence of improvement after antibiotic use . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some areas currently being researched include the possible links between infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae (a major cause of pneumonia) and coronary artery disease. The Chlamydia link has become less plausible with the <hl> absence of improvement after antibiotic use <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The Chlamydia link has become less plausible with the <hl> absence of improvement after antibiotic use <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6664922b22cd4dfcfbdd9e"}
{"question": "In which place medical students conduct their clinical training?", "paragraph": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "answer": "hospitals", "sentence": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals . <hl> At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in <hl> hospitals <hl>. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "sentence_answer": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in <hl> hospitals <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc202b22cd4dfcfbcf60"}
{"question": "Why did people settle at the Rotte River?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre. Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "answer": "for safety", "sentence": "Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety .", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. <hl> Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety . <hl> In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre. Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it <hl> for safety <hl>. In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre. Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "sentence_answer": "Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it <hl> for safety <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc052b22cd4dfcfbe8f4"}
{"question": "What did Jo Freeman attend in June 1967?", "paragraph": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth  and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "answer": "a \"free school'\" course on women", "sentence": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth  and Naomi Weisstein.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein. <hl> She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "paragraph_answer": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended <hl> a \"free school'\" course on women <hl> at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "sentence_answer": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended <hl> a \"free school'\" course on women <hl> at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein.", "paragraph_id": "5d677cbb2b22cd4dfcfbfd4a"}
{"question": "Which extensions of first-order logic are more expressive and permit categorical axiomatizations of natural or real numbers?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain.  Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "answer": "infinitary logics and higher-order logics", "sentence": " Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics , are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers.", "paragraph_sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. <hl> Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics , are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. <hl> This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including <hl> infinitary logics and higher-order logics <hl>, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "sentence_answer": " Many extensions of first-order logic, including <hl> infinitary logics and higher-order logics <hl> , are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a6022b22cd4dfcfbe3ae"}
{"question": "Which group accused Marxism-Leninism of establishing state capitalism?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism. Trotskyists claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. Others, such as philosopher Eric Voegelin, claims that Marxism\u2013Leninism is in its core (as in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) inherently oppressive; claiming that the \"Marxian vision dictated the Stalinist outcome not because the communist utopia was inevitable but because it was impossible\". Criticism like this has itself been criticised for \"philosophical determinism\"\u2014i.e., that the negative events in the movement's history were predetermined by their convictions. Historian Robert Vincent Daniels argues that Marxism was used to \"justify Stalinism, but it was no longer allowed to serve either as a policy directive or an explanation of reality\" during Stalin's rule. In complete contrast, E. Van Ree argues that Stalin continued to be in \"general agreement\" with the classical works of Marxism until his death.", "answer": "Trotskyists", "sentence": "Trotskyists claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism.", "paragraph_sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism. <hl> Trotskyists claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. <hl> Others, such as philosopher Eric Voegelin, claims that Marxism\u2013Leninism is in its core (as in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) inherently oppressive; claiming that the \"Marxian vision dictated the Stalinist outcome not because the communist utopia was inevitable but because it was impossible\". Criticism like this has itself been criticised for \"philosophical determinism\"\u2014i.e., that the negative events in the movement's history were predetermined by their convictions. Historian Robert Vincent Daniels argues that Marxism was used to \"justify Stalinism, but it was no longer allowed to serve either as a policy directive or an explanation of reality\" during Stalin's rule. In complete contrast, E. Van Ree argues that Stalin continued to be in \"general agreement\" with the classical works of Marxism until his death.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism as a philosophy and a political movement has been criticised over the years from widely different ideological currents, due to its relations with Stalinism, the Soviet Union, state repression in Marxist\u2013Leninist run states and classical Marxism. <hl> Trotskyists <hl> claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism. Others, such as philosopher Eric Voegelin, claims that Marxism\u2013Leninism is in its core (as in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) inherently oppressive; claiming that the \"Marxian vision dictated the Stalinist outcome not because the communist utopia was inevitable but because it was impossible\". Criticism like this has itself been criticised for \"philosophical determinism\"\u2014i.e., that the negative events in the movement's history were predetermined by their convictions. Historian Robert Vincent Daniels argues that Marxism was used to \"justify Stalinism, but it was no longer allowed to serve either as a policy directive or an explanation of reality\" during Stalin's rule. In complete contrast, E. Van Ree argues that Stalin continued to be in \"general agreement\" with the classical works of Marxism until his death.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Trotskyists <hl> claim that Marxism\u2013Leninism led to the establishment of state capitalism.", "paragraph_id": "5d672a812b22cd4dfcfbf142"}
{"question": "How many Pequots died after the first battle?", "paragraph": "The Pequot War marked the first major clash between European settlers and Native Americans in New England. With the Pequot people reacting with increasing aggression to European settlers encroaching on their territory, settlers responded in 1636 with a raid on a Pequot village on Block Island. The Pequots laid siege to Saybrook Colony's garrison that autumn, then in the spring of 1637 raided Wethersfield. Colonists there declared war on the Pequots, organized a band of militia and Native Americans, and attacked a Pequot village on the Mystic River, with death toll estimates ranging between 300 and 700 Pequots. After suffering another major loss at a battle in Fairfield, the Pequots asked for a truce and peace terms.", "answer": "between 300 and 700 Pequots", "sentence": "Colonists there declared war on the Pequots, organized a band of militia and Native Americans, and attacked a Pequot village on the Mystic River, with death toll estimates ranging between 300 and 700 Pequots .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Pequot War marked the first major clash between European settlers and Native Americans in New England. With the Pequot people reacting with increasing aggression to European settlers encroaching on their territory, settlers responded in 1636 with a raid on a Pequot village on Block Island. The Pequots laid siege to Saybrook Colony's garrison that autumn, then in the spring of 1637 raided Wethersfield. <hl> Colonists there declared war on the Pequots, organized a band of militia and Native Americans, and attacked a Pequot village on the Mystic River, with death toll estimates ranging between 300 and 700 Pequots . <hl> After suffering another major loss at a battle in Fairfield, the Pequots asked for a truce and peace terms.", "paragraph_answer": "The Pequot War marked the first major clash between European settlers and Native Americans in New England. With the Pequot people reacting with increasing aggression to European settlers encroaching on their territory, settlers responded in 1636 with a raid on a Pequot village on Block Island. The Pequots laid siege to Saybrook Colony's garrison that autumn, then in the spring of 1637 raided Wethersfield. Colonists there declared war on the Pequots, organized a band of militia and Native Americans, and attacked a Pequot village on the Mystic River, with death toll estimates ranging <hl> between 300 and 700 Pequots <hl>. After suffering another major loss at a battle in Fairfield, the Pequots asked for a truce and peace terms.", "sentence_answer": "Colonists there declared war on the Pequots, organized a band of militia and Native Americans, and attacked a Pequot village on the Mystic River, with death toll estimates ranging <hl> between 300 and 700 Pequots <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6786062b22cd4dfcfbfdf1"}
{"question": "What religions have a long history in Manipur?", "paragraph": "Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. These religions have a long history in Manipur. Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion. Sanamahi worship is concentrated around the Sun God/Sanamahi. The early Manipuri worshiped a Supreme deity, Lainingthou Soralel, and followed their ancestors. Their ancestor worship and animism was based on Umang Lai \u2013 ethnic governing deities worshiped in sacred groves. Some of the traditional deities (Lais) whom Manipuri worship are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Oknarel, Panganba, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbaren, and Koubru.", "answer": "Folk religions", "sentence": "Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Folk religions are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. <hl> These religions have a long history in Manipur. Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion. Sanamahi worship is concentrated around the Sun God/Sanamahi. The early Manipuri worshiped a Supreme deity, Lainingthou Soralel, and followed their ancestors. Their ancestor worship and animism was based on Umang Lai \u2013 ethnic governing deities worshiped in sacred groves. Some of the traditional deities (Lais) whom Manipuri worship are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Oknarel, Panganba, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbaren, and Koubru.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Folk religions <hl> are practiced by about 8% of the state's people. These religions have a long history in Manipur. Sanamahism is the ancient indigenous religion. Sanamahi worship is concentrated around the Sun God/Sanamahi. The early Manipuri worshiped a Supreme deity, Lainingthou Soralel, and followed their ancestors. Their ancestor worship and animism was based on Umang Lai \u2013 ethnic governing deities worshiped in sacred groves. Some of the traditional deities (Lais) whom Manipuri worship are Atiya Sidaba, Pakhangba, Sanamahi, Leimaren, Oknarel, Panganba, Thangjing, Marjing, Wangbaren, and Koubru.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Folk religions <hl> are practiced by about 8% of the state's people.", "paragraph_id": "5d6835e92b22cd4dfcfc0682"}
{"question": "If the object distance is negative then what kind of object does the lens see?", "paragraph": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object. This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "answer": "a so-called virtual object", "sentence": "It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object .", "paragraph_sentence": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. <hl> It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees a so-called virtual object . <hl> This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "paragraph_answer": "Using a positive lens of focal length f, a virtual image results when S1 < f, the lens thus being used a magnifying glass (rather than if S1 >> f as for a camera). Using a negative lens (f < 0) with a real object (S1 > 0) can only produce a virtual image (S2 < 0), according to the above formula. It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees <hl> a so-called virtual object <hl>. This happens when the lens is inserted into a converging beam (being focused by a previous lens) before the location of its real image. In that case even a negative lens can project a real image, as is done by a Barlow lens.", "sentence_answer": "It is also possible for the object distance S1 to be negative, in which case the lens sees <hl> a so-called virtual object <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6779ef2b22cd4dfcfbfcdd"}
{"question": "What is the highest ice hockey league in Russia?", "paragraph": "A fast-paced, physical sport, ice hockey is most popular in areas of North America (particularly Canada and the northern United States) and northern and western Europe. Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, where the game enjoys immense popularity. In North America, the National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's hockey and the most popular. The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe. The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey. The IIHF manages international tournaments and maintains the IIHF World Ranking. Worldwide, there are ice hockey federations in 74 countries.", "answer": "The Kontinental Hockey League", "sentence": "The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "paragraph_sentence": "A fast-paced, physical sport, ice hockey is most popular in areas of North America (particularly Canada and the northern United States) and northern and western Europe. Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, where the game enjoys immense popularity. In North America, the National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's hockey and the most popular. <hl> The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe. <hl> The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey. The IIHF manages international tournaments and maintains the IIHF World Ranking. Worldwide, there are ice hockey federations in 74 countries.", "paragraph_answer": "A fast-paced, physical sport, ice hockey is most popular in areas of North America (particularly Canada and the northern United States) and northern and western Europe. Ice hockey is the official national winter sport of Canada, where the game enjoys immense popularity. In North America, the National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level for men's hockey and the most popular. <hl> The Kontinental Hockey League <hl> (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe. The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the formal governing body for international ice hockey. The IIHF manages international tournaments and maintains the IIHF World Ranking. Worldwide, there are ice hockey federations in 74 countries.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Kontinental Hockey League <hl> (KHL) is the highest league in Russia and much of Eastern Europe.", "paragraph_id": "5d668a322b22cd4dfcfbe214"}
{"question": "Where did the Irish and German Protestants move from?", "paragraph": "In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were planters who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige. They controlled the local Anglican church, choosing ministers and handling church property and disbursing local charity. They sought initially obtained election to the house of purchases, or appointment has justice of the peace.  About 60 percent of white Virginians were part of a broad middle class that owns substantial farms; By the second generation, death rates from malaria and other local diseases had declined so much that a stable family structure was possible. The bottom third owned no land, and verged on poverty. Many were recent arrivals, are recently released from indentured servitude.  In some districts (near present-day Washington DC) 70 percent of the land was owned by a handful of families, and three fourths of the whites had no land at all. In the frontier districts, large numbers of Irish and German Protestants had settled, often moving down from Pennsylvania. Tobacco was not important there; farmers focused on hemp, grain, cattle, and horses. Entrepreneurs had begun to mine and smelt the local iron ores.", "answer": "Pennsylvania", "sentence": "In the frontier districts, large numbers of Irish and German Protestants had settled, often moving down from Pennsylvania .", "paragraph_sentence": "In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were planters who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige. They controlled the local Anglican church, choosing ministers and handling church property and disbursing local charity. They sought initially obtained election to the house of purchases, or appointment has justice of the peace. About 60 percent of white Virginians were part of a broad middle class that owns substantial farms; By the second generation, death rates from malaria and other local diseases had declined so much that a stable family structure was possible. The bottom third owned no land, and verged on poverty. Many were recent arrivals, are recently released from indentured servitude. In some districts (near present-day Washington DC) 70 percent of the land was owned by a handful of families, and three fourths of the whites had no land at all. <hl> In the frontier districts, large numbers of Irish and German Protestants had settled, often moving down from Pennsylvania . <hl> Tobacco was not important there; farmers focused on hemp, grain, cattle, and horses. Entrepreneurs had begun to mine and smelt the local iron ores.", "paragraph_answer": "In terms of the white population of Virginia and Maryland in the mid-18th century, the top five percent or so were planters who possessed growing wealth and increasing political power and social prestige. They controlled the local Anglican church, choosing ministers and handling church property and disbursing local charity. They sought initially obtained election to the house of purchases, or appointment has justice of the peace. About 60 percent of white Virginians were part of a broad middle class that owns substantial farms; By the second generation, death rates from malaria and other local diseases had declined so much that a stable family structure was possible. The bottom third owned no land, and verged on poverty. Many were recent arrivals, are recently released from indentured servitude. In some districts (near present-day Washington DC) 70 percent of the land was owned by a handful of families, and three fourths of the whites had no land at all. In the frontier districts, large numbers of Irish and German Protestants had settled, often moving down from <hl> Pennsylvania <hl>. Tobacco was not important there; farmers focused on hemp, grain, cattle, and horses. Entrepreneurs had begun to mine and smelt the local iron ores.", "sentence_answer": "In the frontier districts, large numbers of Irish and German Protestants had settled, often moving down from <hl> Pennsylvania <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661f282b22cd4dfcfbd95a"}
{"question": "What does the Stratiform process involve?", "paragraph": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall.  Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation.  Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice.  Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously.  Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle.  Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\".  Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "answer": "weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation", "sentence": " Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation .", "paragraph_sentence": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. <hl> Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation . <hl> Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "paragraph_answer": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve <hl> weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation <hl>. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "sentence_answer": " Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve <hl> weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67745b2b22cd4dfcfbfc6e"}
{"question": "How many rivers deposit into Loktak lake?", "paragraph": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "answer": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area", "sentence": "Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Almost all the rivers in the valley area are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. <hl> The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Almost all the rivers in the valley area <hl> are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake. The rivers draining the Manipur Hills are comparatively young, due to the hilly terrain through which they flow. These rivers are corrosive and assume turbulent form in the rainy season. Important rivers draining the western area include the Maku, Barak, Jiri, Irang and Leimatak. Rivers draining the eastern part of the state, the Yu River Basin, include the Chamu, Khunou and other short streams.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Almost all the rivers in the valley area <hl> are in the mature stage and therefore deposit their sediment load in the Loktak lake.", "paragraph_id": "5d670a432b22cd4dfcfbebba"}
{"question": "What does depersonalized systems of knowledge mean in Neolithic societies?", "paragraph": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing), and property ownership[citation needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c.\u20095,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age.", "answer": "writing", "sentence": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing ), and property ownership[citation needed].", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., writing ), and property ownership[citation needed]. <hl> Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age.", "paragraph_answer": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., <hl> writing <hl>), and property ownership[citation needed]. Personal land and private property ownership led to hierarchical society, class struggle and armies[citation needed]. The first fully developed manifestation of the entire Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle Eastern Sumerian cities (c. 5,500 BP), whose emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age.", "sentence_answer": "These developments provided the basis for densely populated settlements, specialization and division of labour, trading economies, the development of non-portable art and architecture, centralized administrations and political structures, hierarchical ideologies, depersonalized systems of knowledge (e.g., <hl> writing <hl> ), and property ownership[citation needed].", "paragraph_id": "5d673aea2b22cd4dfcfbf334"}
{"question": "Non-sphereical lenses are called what?", "paragraph": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "answer": "aspheric lenses", "sentence": "Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses .", "paragraph_sentence": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. <hl> Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called aspheric lenses . <hl> These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "paragraph_answer": "Spherical aberration occurs because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape for a lens, but are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished, and so are often used. Spherical aberration causes beams parallel to, but distant from, the lens axis to be focused in a slightly different place than beams close to the axis. This manifests itself as a blurring of the image. Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called <hl> aspheric lenses <hl>. These were formerly complex to make and often extremely expensive, but advances in technology have greatly reduced the manufacturing cost for such lenses. Spherical aberration can be minimised by carefully choosing the surface curvatures for a particular application. For instance, a plano-convex lens, which is used to focus a collimated beam, produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam source.", "sentence_answer": "Lenses in which closer-to-ideal, non-spherical surfaces are used are called <hl> aspheric lenses <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d677f992b22cd4dfcfbfd89"}
{"question": "By 1911, how many pounds of oyster meat did Connecticut produce?", "paragraph": "Oyster harvesting was historically an important source of income to towns along the Connecticut coastline. In the 19th century, oystering boomed in New Haven, Bridgeport and Norwalk and achieved modest success in neighboring towns. In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats. This was, at the time, higher than production in New York, Rhode Island, or Massachusetts. During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world. Until 1969, Connecticut laws enacted before World War I restricted the harvesting of oysters in state-owned beds to vessels under sail. These laws prompted the construction of the oyster sloop style vessel to last well into the 20th century. The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut.", "answer": "25 million pounds", "sentence": "In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats.", "paragraph_sentence": "Oyster harvesting was historically an important source of income to towns along the Connecticut coastline. In the 19th century, oystering boomed in New Haven, Bridgeport and Norwalk and achieved modest success in neighboring towns. <hl> In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats. <hl> This was, at the time, higher than production in New York, Rhode Island, or Massachusetts. During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world. Until 1969, Connecticut laws enacted before World War I restricted the harvesting of oysters in state-owned beds to vessels under sail. These laws prompted the construction of the oyster sloop style vessel to last well into the 20th century. The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "Oyster harvesting was historically an important source of income to towns along the Connecticut coastline. In the 19th century, oystering boomed in New Haven, Bridgeport and Norwalk and achieved modest success in neighboring towns. In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly <hl> 25 million pounds <hl> of oyster meats. This was, at the time, higher than production in New York, Rhode Island, or Massachusetts. During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world. Until 1969, Connecticut laws enacted before World War I restricted the harvesting of oysters in state-owned beds to vessels under sail. These laws prompted the construction of the oyster sloop style vessel to last well into the 20th century. The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly <hl> 25 million pounds <hl> of oyster meats.", "paragraph_id": "5d666a7a2b22cd4dfcfbde60"}
{"question": "When was Istanbul Technical University founded?", "paragraph": "Istanbul University, founded in 1453, is the oldest Turkish educational institution in the city. Although originally an Islamic school, the university established law, medicine, and science departments in the 19th century and was secularized after the founding of the Turkish Republic. Istanbul Technical University, founded in 1773 as the Royal School of Naval Engineering, is the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences. These public universities are two of just eight across the city; other prominent state universities in Istanbul include the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, which served as Turkey's primary institution of art until the 1970s, and Marmara University, the country's third-largest institution of higher learning.", "answer": "1773", "sentence": "Istanbul Technical University, founded in 1773 as the Royal School of Naval Engineering, is the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul University, founded in 1453, is the oldest Turkish educational institution in the city. Although originally an Islamic school, the university established law, medicine, and science departments in the 19th century and was secularized after the founding of the Turkish Republic. <hl> Istanbul Technical University, founded in 1773 as the Royal School of Naval Engineering, is the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences. <hl> These public universities are two of just eight across the city; other prominent state universities in Istanbul include the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, which served as Turkey's primary institution of art until the 1970s, and Marmara University, the country's third-largest institution of higher learning.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul University, founded in 1453, is the oldest Turkish educational institution in the city. Although originally an Islamic school, the university established law, medicine, and science departments in the 19th century and was secularized after the founding of the Turkish Republic. Istanbul Technical University, founded in <hl> 1773 <hl> as the Royal School of Naval Engineering, is the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences. These public universities are two of just eight across the city; other prominent state universities in Istanbul include the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, which served as Turkey's primary institution of art until the 1970s, and Marmara University, the country's third-largest institution of higher learning.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul Technical University, founded in <hl> 1773 <hl> as the Royal School of Naval Engineering, is the world's third-oldest university dedicated entirely to engineering sciences.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f6c62b22cd4dfcfbd443"}
{"question": "At what temperature does tin melt?", "paragraph": "Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals. Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 \u00b0C (450 \u00b0F), which is further reduced to 177.3 \u00b0C (351.1 \u00b0F) for 11 nm particles.", "answer": "Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 \u00b0C (450 \u00b0F)", "sentence": "Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 \u00b0C (450 \u00b0F) , which is further reduced to 177.3 \u00b0C (351.1 \u00b0F) for 11 nm particles.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals. <hl> Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 \u00b0C (450 \u00b0F) , which is further reduced to 177.3 \u00b0C (351.1 \u00b0F) for 11 nm particles. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals. <hl> Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 \u00b0C (450 \u00b0F) <hl>, which is further reduced to 177.3 \u00b0C (351.1 \u00b0F) for 11 nm particles.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 \u00b0C (450 \u00b0F) <hl> , which is further reduced to 177.3 \u00b0C (351.1 \u00b0F) for 11 nm particles.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ec2b2b22cd4dfcfbe568"}
{"question": "Who did Justice Sandra Day write an opinion for?", "paragraph": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\"  She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "answer": "Supreme Court", "sentence": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court , Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court , Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" <hl> She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "paragraph_answer": "In what was her first opinion written for the <hl> Supreme Court <hl>, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "sentence_answer": "In what was her first opinion written for the <hl> Supreme Court <hl> , Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66ec0d2b22cd4dfcfbe558"}
{"question": "What is the rule called when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck?", "paragraph": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "answer": "delayed penalty", "sentence": "A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A delayed penalty call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. <hl> In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "paragraph_answer": "A <hl> delayed penalty <hl> call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck. In this circumstance the team with possession of the puck is allowed to complete the play; that is, play continues until a goal is scored, a player on the opposing team gains control of the puck, or the team in possession commits an infraction or penalty of their own. Because the team on which the penalty was called cannot control the puck without stopping play, it is impossible for them to score a goal. In these cases the team in possession of the puck can pull the goalie for an extra attacker without fear of being scored on. However, it is possible for the controlling team to mishandle the puck into their own net. If a delayed penalty is signaled and the team in possession scores, the penalty is still assessed to the offending player, but not served. In 2012, this rule was changed by the NCAA for college level hockey in the United States. In college games, the penalty is still enforced even if the team in possession scores.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> delayed penalty <hl> call occurs when a penalty offense is committed by the team that does not have possession of the puck.", "paragraph_id": "5d675b392b22cd4dfcfbf826"}
{"question": "What is the weather typically like in Columbia?", "paragraph": "The climate in the Andes varies greatly depending on latitude, altitude, and proximity to the sea. Temperature, atmospheric pressure and humidity decrease in higher elevations. The southern section is rainy and cool, the central section is dry. The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm, with an average temperature of 18 \u00b0C (64 \u00b0F) in Colombia. The climate is known to change drastically in rather short distances. Rainforests exist just miles away from the snow-covered peak Cotopaxi. The mountains have a large effect on the temperatures of nearby areas. The snow line depends on the location. It is at between 4,500 and 4,800 m (14,800 and 15,700 ft) in the tropical Ecuadorian, Colombian, Venezuelan, and northern Peruvian Andes, rising to 4,800\u20135,200 m (15,700\u201317,100 ft) in the drier mountains of southern Peru south to northern Chile south to about 30\u00b0S, then descending to 4,500 m (14,760 ft) on Aconcagua at 32\u00b0S, 2,000 m (6,600 ft) at 40\u00b0S, 500 m (1,640 ft) at 50\u00b0S, and only 300 m (980 ft) in Tierra del Fuego at 55\u00b0S; from 50\u00b0S, several of the larger glaciers descend to sea level.", "answer": "rainy and warm", "sentence": "The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm , with an average temperature of 18 \u00b0C (64 \u00b0F) in Colombia.", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate in the Andes varies greatly depending on latitude, altitude, and proximity to the sea. Temperature, atmospheric pressure and humidity decrease in higher elevations. The southern section is rainy and cool, the central section is dry. <hl> The northern Andes are typically rainy and warm , with an average temperature of 18 \u00b0C (64 \u00b0F) in Colombia. <hl> The climate is known to change drastically in rather short distances. Rainforests exist just miles away from the snow-covered peak Cotopaxi. The mountains have a large effect on the temperatures of nearby areas. The snow line depends on the location. It is at between 4,500 and 4,800 m (14,800 and 15,700 ft) in the tropical Ecuadorian, Colombian, Venezuelan, and northern Peruvian Andes, rising to 4,800\u20135,200 m (15,700\u201317,100 ft) in the drier mountains of southern Peru south to northern Chile south to about 30\u00b0S, then descending to 4,500 m (14,760 ft) on Aconcagua at 32\u00b0S, 2,000 m (6,600 ft) at 40\u00b0S, 500 m (1,640 ft) at 50\u00b0S, and only 300 m (980 ft) in Tierra del Fuego at 55\u00b0S; from 50\u00b0S, several of the larger glaciers descend to sea level.", "paragraph_answer": "The climate in the Andes varies greatly depending on latitude, altitude, and proximity to the sea. Temperature, atmospheric pressure and humidity decrease in higher elevations. The southern section is rainy and cool, the central section is dry. The northern Andes are typically <hl> rainy and warm <hl>, with an average temperature of 18 \u00b0C (64 \u00b0F) in Colombia. The climate is known to change drastically in rather short distances. Rainforests exist just miles away from the snow-covered peak Cotopaxi. The mountains have a large effect on the temperatures of nearby areas. The snow line depends on the location. It is at between 4,500 and 4,800 m (14,800 and 15,700 ft) in the tropical Ecuadorian, Colombian, Venezuelan, and northern Peruvian Andes, rising to 4,800\u20135,200 m (15,700\u201317,100 ft) in the drier mountains of southern Peru south to northern Chile south to about 30\u00b0S, then descending to 4,500 m (14,760 ft) on Aconcagua at 32\u00b0S, 2,000 m (6,600 ft) at 40\u00b0S, 500 m (1,640 ft) at 50\u00b0S, and only 300 m (980 ft) in Tierra del Fuego at 55\u00b0S; from 50\u00b0S, several of the larger glaciers descend to sea level.", "sentence_answer": "The northern Andes are typically <hl> rainy and warm <hl> , with an average temperature of 18 \u00b0C (64 \u00b0F) in Colombia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6699022b22cd4dfcfbe33a"}
{"question": "Distance units are decided by defining what?", "paragraph": "Cartesian coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world.  However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application.  1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates.  2) An origin must be assigned to a specific spatial location or landmark, and 3) the orientation of the axes must be defined using available directional cues for (n-1) of the n axes.", "answer": "spatial size", "sentence": " 1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cartesian coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world. However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application. <hl> 1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates. <hl> 2) An origin must be assigned to a specific spatial location or landmark, and 3) the orientation of the axes must be defined using available directional cues for (n-1) of the n axes.", "paragraph_answer": "Cartesian coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world. However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application. 1) Units of distance must be decided defining the <hl> spatial size <hl> represented by the numbers used as coordinates. 2) An origin must be assigned to a specific spatial location or landmark, and 3) the orientation of the axes must be defined using available directional cues for (n-1) of the n axes.", "sentence_answer": " 1) Units of distance must be decided defining the <hl> spatial size <hl> represented by the numbers used as coordinates.", "paragraph_id": "5d6677952b22cd4dfcfbe016"}
{"question": "What is the sloop Hope?", "paragraph": "Oyster harvesting was historically an important source of income to towns along the Connecticut coastline. In the 19th century, oystering boomed in New Haven, Bridgeport and Norwalk and achieved modest success in neighboring towns. In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats. This was, at the time, higher than production in New York, Rhode Island, or Massachusetts. During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world. Until 1969, Connecticut laws enacted before World War I restricted the harvesting of oysters in state-owned beds to vessels under sail. These laws prompted the construction of the oyster sloop style vessel to last well into the 20th century. The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut.", "answer": "the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut.", "sentence": "The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut.", "paragraph_sentence": "Oyster harvesting was historically an important source of income to towns along the Connecticut coastline. In the 19th century, oystering boomed in New Haven, Bridgeport and Norwalk and achieved modest success in neighboring towns. In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats. This was, at the time, higher than production in New York, Rhode Island, or Massachusetts. During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world. Until 1969, Connecticut laws enacted before World War I restricted the harvesting of oysters in state-owned beds to vessels under sail. These laws prompted the construction of the oyster sloop style vessel to last well into the 20th century. <hl> The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Oyster harvesting was historically an important source of income to towns along the Connecticut coastline. In the 19th century, oystering boomed in New Haven, Bridgeport and Norwalk and achieved modest success in neighboring towns. In 1911, Connecticut's oyster production reached its peak at nearly 25 million pounds of oyster meats. This was, at the time, higher than production in New York, Rhode Island, or Massachusetts. During this time, the Connecticut coast was known, in the shellfishing industry, as the oyster capital of the world. Until 1969, Connecticut laws enacted before World War I restricted the harvesting of oysters in state-owned beds to vessels under sail. These laws prompted the construction of the oyster sloop style vessel to last well into the 20th century. The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be <hl> the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "The sloop Hope, completed in Greenwich in 1948, is believed to be <hl> the last oyster sloop built in Connecticut. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d666a7a2b22cd4dfcfbde61"}
{"question": "What is the Yugoslavian name for the National Liberation Army?", "paragraph": "In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war. This last official name is the full name most associated with the Partisans, and reflects the fact that the proletarian brigades and other mobile units were organized into the National Liberation Army (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska). The name change also reflects the fact that the latter superseded in importance the partisan detachments themselves.", "answer": "Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska", "sentence": "In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia ( Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia ( Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war. <hl> This last official name is the full name most associated with the Partisans, and reflects the fact that the proletarian brigades and other mobile units were organized into the National Liberation Army (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska). The name change also reflects the fact that the latter superseded in importance the partisan detachments themselves.", "paragraph_answer": "In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia (<hl> Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska <hl> i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war. This last official name is the full name most associated with the Partisans, and reflects the fact that the proletarian brigades and other mobile units were organized into the National Liberation Army (Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska). The name change also reflects the fact that the latter superseded in importance the partisan detachments themselves.", "sentence_answer": "In November 1942 the movement was renamed into the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia ( <hl> Narodnooslobodila\u010dka vojska <hl> i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije, NOV i POJ), a name which it held until the end of the war.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fada2b22cd4dfcfc04bf"}
{"question": "What medications will increase HDL cholesterol levels?", "paragraph": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "answer": "niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors", "sentence": "The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors , while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "paragraph_sentence": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. <hl> The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors , while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications <hl> niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors <hl>, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "sentence_answer": "The medications <hl> niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors <hl> , while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "paragraph_id": "5d66800d2b22cd4dfcfbe0d0"}
{"question": "Which spacecraft were incapable of horizontal atmospheric flight?", "paragraph": "The flag has been displayed on every U.S. spacecraft designed for manned flight, including Mercury, Gemini, Apollo Command/Service Module, Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle. The flag also appeared on the S-IC first stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle used for Apollo. But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight.", "answer": "Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo", "sentence": "But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag has been displayed on every U.S. spacecraft designed for manned flight, including Mercury, Gemini, Apollo Command/Service Module, Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle. The flag also appeared on the S-IC first stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle used for Apollo. <hl> But since Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The flag has been displayed on every U.S. spacecraft designed for manned flight, including Mercury, Gemini, Apollo Command/Service Module, Apollo Lunar Module, and the Space Shuttle. The flag also appeared on the S-IC first stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle used for Apollo. But since <hl> Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo <hl> were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight.", "sentence_answer": "But since <hl> Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo <hl> were launched and landed vertically and were not capable of horizontal atmospheric flight as the Space Shuttle did on its landing approach, the \"streaming\" convention was not followed and these flags were oriented with the stripes running horizontally, perpendicular to the direction of flight.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2c72b22cd4dfcfbcbe1"}
{"question": "What did Kennedy's report reveal?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life,", "sentence": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. <hl> Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedc4"}
{"question": "What is the nom-dit of a family branch that lived near a city?", "paragraph": "In French Canada until the 19th century, several families adopted surnames that followed the family name in order to distinguish the various branches of a large family. Such a surname was preceded by the word \"dit\" (\"said\") and was known as a \"nom-dit\" (\"said-name\"). (Compare with some Roman naming conventions.) While this tradition is no longer in use, in many cases the nom-dit has come to replace the original family name. Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit Verville, Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne. In many cases Verville, Lacourse, or Beauchesne has become the new family name. Likewise, the Rivard family has split into the Rivard dit Lavigne, Rivard dit Loranger and Rivard dit Lanoie. The origin of the nom-dit can vary. Often it denoted a geographical trait of the area where that branch of the family lived: Verville lived towards the city, Beauchesne lived near an oak tree, Larivi\u00e8re near a river, etc. Some of the oldest noms-dits are derived from the war name of a settler who served in the army or militia: Tranchemontagne (\"mountain slasher\"), Jolic\u0153ur (\"braveheart\"). Others denote a personal trait: Lacourse might have been a fast runner, Legrand was probably tall, etc.", "answer": "Verville", "sentence": "Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit Verville , Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne.", "paragraph_sentence": "In French Canada until the 19th century, several families adopted surnames that followed the family name in order to distinguish the various branches of a large family. Such a surname was preceded by the word \"dit\" (\"said\") and was known as a \"nom-dit\" (\"said-name\"). (Compare with some Roman naming conventions.) While this tradition is no longer in use, in many cases the nom-dit has come to replace the original family name. <hl> Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit Verville , Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne. <hl> In many cases Verville, Lacourse, or Beauchesne has become the new family name. Likewise, the Rivard family has split into the Rivard dit Lavigne, Rivard dit Loranger and Rivard dit Lanoie. The origin of the nom-dit can vary. Often it denoted a geographical trait of the area where that branch of the family lived: Verville lived towards the city, Beauchesne lived near an oak tree, Larivi\u00e8re near a river, etc. Some of the oldest noms-dits are derived from the war name of a settler who served in the army or militia: Tranchemontagne (\"mountain slasher\"), Jolic\u0153ur (\"braveheart\"). Others denote a personal trait: Lacourse might have been a fast runner, Legrand was probably tall, etc.", "paragraph_answer": "In French Canada until the 19th century, several families adopted surnames that followed the family name in order to distinguish the various branches of a large family. Such a surname was preceded by the word \"dit\" (\"said\") and was known as a \"nom-dit\" (\"said-name\"). (Compare with some Roman naming conventions.) While this tradition is no longer in use, in many cases the nom-dit has come to replace the original family name. Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit <hl> Verville <hl>, Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne. In many cases Verville, Lacourse, or Beauchesne has become the new family name. Likewise, the Rivard family has split into the Rivard dit Lavigne, Rivard dit Loranger and Rivard dit Lanoie. The origin of the nom-dit can vary. Often it denoted a geographical trait of the area where that branch of the family lived: Verville lived towards the city, Beauchesne lived near an oak tree, Larivi\u00e8re near a river, etc. Some of the oldest noms-dits are derived from the war name of a settler who served in the army or militia: Tranchemontagne (\"mountain slasher\"), Jolic\u0153ur (\"braveheart\"). Others denote a personal trait: Lacourse might have been a fast runner, Legrand was probably tall, etc.", "sentence_answer": "Thus the Bourbeau family has split into Bourbeau dit <hl> Verville <hl> , Bourbeau dit Lacourse, and Bourbeau dit Beauchesne.", "paragraph_id": "5d6736f32b22cd4dfcfbf2b8"}
{"question": "What does the stack contain?", "paragraph": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "answer": "the private data of the calls that are currently active", "sentence": "At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet).", "paragraph_sentence": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. <hl> At any moment, the stack contains only the private data of the calls that are currently active (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). <hl> Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "paragraph_answer": "When stack-based procedure calls were first introduced, an important motivation was to save precious memory.[citation needed] With this scheme, the compiler does not have to reserve separate space in memory for the private data (parameters, return address, and local variables) of each procedure. At any moment, the stack contains only <hl> the private data of the calls that are currently active <hl> (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet). Because of the ways in which programs were usually assembled from libraries, it was (and still is) not uncommon to find programs that include thousands of subroutines, of which only a handful are active at any given moment.[citation needed] For such programs, the call stack mechanism could save significant amounts of memory. Indeed, the call stack mechanism can be viewed as the earliest and simplest method for automatic memory management.", "sentence_answer": "At any moment, the stack contains only <hl> the private data of the calls that are currently active <hl> (namely, which have been called but haven't returned yet).", "paragraph_id": "5d674ed22b22cd4dfcfbf609"}
{"question": "Who worked with the NAEH to create plans to  end homelessness ?", "paragraph": "In 2001, the NAEH along with the U.S. ICH encouraged communities to create and implement state and local strategic plans to prevent and end homelessness, focusing on Housing First initiatives to house the chronically homeless population who have many barriers to stability, a cost-benefit analysis of state- and local-level resources, best practice engagement and service innovations, and prevention. Many communities and states across the country have created these plans and have set up measurable goals and targets for the short- and long-term.", "answer": "U.S. ICH", "sentence": "In 2001, the NAEH along with the U.S. ICH encouraged communities to create and implement state and local strategic plans to prevent and end homelessness, focusing on Housing First initiatives to house the chronically homeless population who have many barriers to stability, a cost-benefit analysis of state- and local-level resources, best practice engagement and service innovations, and prevention.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2001, the NAEH along with the U.S. ICH encouraged communities to create and implement state and local strategic plans to prevent and end homelessness, focusing on Housing First initiatives to house the chronically homeless population who have many barriers to stability, a cost-benefit analysis of state- and local-level resources, best practice engagement and service innovations, and prevention. <hl> Many communities and states across the country have created these plans and have set up measurable goals and targets for the short- and long-term.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2001, the NAEH along with the <hl> U.S. ICH <hl> encouraged communities to create and implement state and local strategic plans to prevent and end homelessness, focusing on Housing First initiatives to house the chronically homeless population who have many barriers to stability, a cost-benefit analysis of state- and local-level resources, best practice engagement and service innovations, and prevention. Many communities and states across the country have created these plans and have set up measurable goals and targets for the short- and long-term.", "sentence_answer": "In 2001, the NAEH along with the <hl> U.S. ICH <hl> encouraged communities to create and implement state and local strategic plans to prevent and end homelessness, focusing on Housing First initiatives to house the chronically homeless population who have many barriers to stability, a cost-benefit analysis of state- and local-level resources, best practice engagement and service innovations, and prevention.", "paragraph_id": "5d6606412b22cd4dfcfbd5ee"}
{"question": "Which group had their Muslim and Croat commanders' names changed to protect them?", "paragraph": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "answer": "Partisan forces", "sentence": "In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina).", "paragraph_sentence": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. <hl> In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). <hl> In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "paragraph_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war <hl> Partisan forces <hl> were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "sentence_answer": "In the early part of the war <hl> Partisan forces <hl> were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina).", "paragraph_id": "5d67f8e62b22cd4dfcfc04a5"}
{"question": "What are convex lenses used to increase the efficiency of?", "paragraph": "Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. A large lens creates enough intensity to burn a flammable object at the focal point. Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens, lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells, harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "answer": "photovoltaic cells", "sentence": "A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells , harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "paragraph_sentence": "Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. A large lens creates enough intensity to burn a flammable object at the focal point. Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens, lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. <hl> A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small photovoltaic cells , harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Convex lenses produce an image of an object at infinity at their focus; if the sun is imaged, much of the visible and infrared light incident on the lens is concentrated into the small image. A large lens creates enough intensity to burn a flammable object at the focal point. Since ignition can be achieved even with a poorly made lens, lenses have been used as burning-glasses for at least 2400 years. A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small <hl> photovoltaic cells <hl>, harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "sentence_answer": "A modern application is the use of relatively large lenses to concentrate solar energy on relatively small <hl> photovoltaic cells <hl> , harvesting more energy without the need to use larger and more expensive cells.", "paragraph_id": "5d67083c2b22cd4dfcfbeb60"}
{"question": "At which locations in a truss structure are deformations most an issue?", "paragraph": "A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. struts and ties). Most trusses use gusset plates to connect intersecting elements.  Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections, thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "answer": "at the connections", "sentence": " Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections , thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "paragraph_sentence": "A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. struts and ties). Most trusses use gusset plates to connect intersecting elements. <hl> Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections , thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. struts and ties). Most trusses use gusset plates to connect intersecting elements. Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments <hl> at the connections <hl>, thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "sentence_answer": " Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments <hl> at the connections <hl> , thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "paragraph_id": "5d67524e2b22cd4dfcfbf6d6"}
{"question": "What term did Robert J. Bennett use to describe how modern governing bodies utilized public subsidies?", "paragraph": "Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a \"revolutionary megatrend\" in the 1980s.  In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration. Cornell University's project on Restructuring Local Government states that decentralization refers to the \"global trend\" of devolving responsibilities to regional or local governments. Robert J. Bennett's Decentralization, Intergovernmental Relations and Markets: Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized \"welfarist\" policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "answer": "\"welfarist\"", "sentence": "Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized \"welfarist\" policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "paragraph_sentence": "Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a \"revolutionary megatrend\" in the 1980s. In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration. Cornell University's project on Restructuring Local Government states that decentralization refers to the \"global trend\" of devolving responsibilities to regional or local governments. Robert J. Bennett's Decentralization, Intergovernmental Relations and Markets: <hl> Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized \"welfarist\" policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Stephen Cummings wrote that decentralization became a \"revolutionary megatrend\" in the 1980s. In 1983 Diana Conyers asked if decentralization was the \"latest fashion\" in development administration. Cornell University's project on Restructuring Local Government states that decentralization refers to the \"global trend\" of devolving responsibilities to regional or local governments. Robert J. Bennett's Decentralization, Intergovernmental Relations and Markets: Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized <hl> \"welfarist\" <hl> policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "sentence_answer": "Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda describes how after World War II governments pursued a centralized <hl> \"welfarist\" <hl> policy of entitlements which now has become a \"post-welfare\" policy of intergovernmental and market-based decentralization.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5162b22cd4dfcfbd18a"}
{"question": "is the Armenian church more western or eastern orthadox?", "paragraph": "Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. For example, Armenian bishops wear mitres almost identical to those of Western bishops. They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). The liturgical music is Armenian chant. Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant.", "answer": "the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals,", "sentence": "Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Liturgically speaking, the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. <hl> For example, Armenian bishops wear mitres almost identical to those of Western bishops. They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). The liturgical music is Armenian chant. Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant.", "paragraph_answer": "Liturgically speaking, <hl> the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, <hl> especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church. For example, Armenian bishops wear mitres almost identical to those of Western bishops. They usually do not use a full iconostasis, but rather a sanctuary veil (a curtain usually with a cross or divine image in the center, used also by the Syriac Churches). The liturgical music is Armenian chant. Many of the Armenian churches also have pipe organs to accompany their chant.", "sentence_answer": "Liturgically speaking, <hl> the Church has much in common both with the Latin Rite in its externals, <hl> especially as it was at the time of separation, as well as with the Eastern Orthodox Church.", "paragraph_id": "5d6574e12b22cd4dfcfbc904"}
{"question": "What type of reporting did The Sunday Times become known for?", "paragraph": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "answer": "investigations", "sentence": "It also built on its reputation for investigations .", "paragraph_sentence": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. <hl> It also built on its reputation for investigations . <hl> Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "paragraph_answer": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. It also built on its reputation for <hl> investigations <hl>. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "sentence_answer": "It also built on its reputation for <hl> investigations <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6719b52b22cd4dfcfbef42"}
{"question": "What print section was added in 2001?", "paragraph": "John Witherow, who became editor at the end of 1994 (after several months as acting editor), continued the newspaper's expansion. A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage. (It reverted to the name Driving from 7 October 2012, to coincide with the launch of a new standalone website, Sunday Times Driving.)", "answer": "Home", "sentence": "A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage.", "paragraph_sentence": "John Witherow, who became editor at the end of 1994 (after several months as acting editor), continued the newspaper's expansion. <hl> A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: Home in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage. <hl> (It reverted to the name Driving from 7 October 2012, to coincide with the launch of a new standalone website, Sunday Times Driving.)", "paragraph_answer": "John Witherow, who became editor at the end of 1994 (after several months as acting editor), continued the newspaper's expansion. A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: <hl> Home <hl> in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage. (It reverted to the name Driving from 7 October 2012, to coincide with the launch of a new standalone website, Sunday Times Driving.)", "sentence_answer": "A website was launched in 1996 and new print sections added: <hl> Home <hl> in 2001, and Driving in 2002, which in 2006 was renamed InGear, expanding to include technology coverage.", "paragraph_id": "5d672d612b22cd4dfcfbf1bc"}
{"question": "What year did the Dutch conquer New Sweden?", "paragraph": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "answer": "1655", "sentence": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to 1655 and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. <hl> The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "paragraph_answer": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to <hl> 1655 <hl> and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania. The several hundred settlers were centered around the capital of Fort Christina, at the location of what is today the city of Wilmington, Delaware. The colony also had settlements near the present-day location of Salem, New Jersey (Fort Nya Elfsborg) and on Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania. The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings.", "sentence_answer": "New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige) was a Swedish colony that existed along the Delaware River Valley from 1638 to <hl> 1655 <hl> and encompassed land in present-day Delaware, southern New Jersey, and southeastern Pennsylvania.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5f02b22cd4dfcfbd1c6"}
{"question": "What was the Lion Brewery turned into in 2002?", "paragraph": "Morrell's was founded in 1743 by Richard Tawney. He formed a partnership in 1782 with Mark and James Morrell, who eventually became the owners.  After an acrimonious family dispute this much-loved brewery was closed in 1998, the beer brand names being taken over by the Thomas Hardy Burtonwood brewery, while the 132 tied pubs were bought by Michael Cannon, owner of the American hamburger chain Fuddruckers, through a new company, Morrells of Oxford. The new owners sold most of the pubs on to Greene King in 2002. The Lion Brewery was converted into luxury apartments in 2002.", "answer": "luxury apartments", "sentence": "The Lion Brewery was converted into luxury apartments in 2002.", "paragraph_sentence": "Morrell's was founded in 1743 by Richard Tawney. He formed a partnership in 1782 with Mark and James Morrell, who eventually became the owners. After an acrimonious family dispute this much-loved brewery was closed in 1998, the beer brand names being taken over by the Thomas Hardy Burtonwood brewery, while the 132 tied pubs were bought by Michael Cannon, owner of the American hamburger chain Fuddruckers, through a new company, Morrells of Oxford. The new owners sold most of the pubs on to Greene King in 2002. <hl> The Lion Brewery was converted into luxury apartments in 2002. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Morrell's was founded in 1743 by Richard Tawney. He formed a partnership in 1782 with Mark and James Morrell, who eventually became the owners. After an acrimonious family dispute this much-loved brewery was closed in 1998, the beer brand names being taken over by the Thomas Hardy Burtonwood brewery, while the 132 tied pubs were bought by Michael Cannon, owner of the American hamburger chain Fuddruckers, through a new company, Morrells of Oxford. The new owners sold most of the pubs on to Greene King in 2002. The Lion Brewery was converted into <hl> luxury apartments <hl> in 2002.", "sentence_answer": "The Lion Brewery was converted into <hl> luxury apartments <hl> in 2002.", "paragraph_id": "5d6767c52b22cd4dfcfbfa28"}
{"question": "What coordinate system specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates?", "paragraph": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "answer": "Cartesian", "sentence": "A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. <hl> Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "paragraph_answer": "A <hl> Cartesian <hl> coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Each reference line is called a coordinate axis or just axis of the system, and the point where they meet is its origin, usually at ordered pair (0, 0). The coordinates can also be defined as the positions of the perpendicular projections of the point onto the two axes, expressed as signed distances from the origin.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> Cartesian <hl> coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length.", "paragraph_id": "5d66141b2b22cd4dfcfbd7d8"}
{"question": "What program shows elementary students classic theater?", "paragraph": "Various student theater groups convene at Pitt. University of Pittsburgh Stages is the production company of the Department of Theatre Arts which puts public student performances of classic masterpieces, contemporary productions, and student-directed labs. It also runs the Shakespeare-in-the-Schools which tours classic theater for K-12 students throughout the Pittsburgh area. Friday Nite Improvs, Pittsburgh's longest-running theatre show, was started in 1989 by graduate theatre students. It takes place weekly inside the Cathedral of Learning's studio theatre. The Redeye Theatre Project is a festival of one-act plays cast, written, and rehearsed in 24 hours. Additionally, Pitt Musical Theater Club provides undergraduates the opportunity to perform in student directed variety shows and musicals. The club was founded in 2009.", "answer": "Shakespeare-in-the-Schools", "sentence": "It also runs the Shakespeare-in-the-Schools which tours classic theater for K-12 students throughout the Pittsburgh area.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various student theater groups convene at Pitt. University of Pittsburgh Stages is the production company of the Department of Theatre Arts which puts public student performances of classic masterpieces, contemporary productions, and student-directed labs. <hl> It also runs the Shakespeare-in-the-Schools which tours classic theater for K-12 students throughout the Pittsburgh area. <hl> Friday Nite Improvs, Pittsburgh's longest-running theatre show, was started in 1989 by graduate theatre students. It takes place weekly inside the Cathedral of Learning's studio theatre. The Redeye Theatre Project is a festival of one-act plays cast, written, and rehearsed in 24 hours. Additionally, Pitt Musical Theater Club provides undergraduates the opportunity to perform in student directed variety shows and musicals. The club was founded in 2009.", "paragraph_answer": "Various student theater groups convene at Pitt. University of Pittsburgh Stages is the production company of the Department of Theatre Arts which puts public student performances of classic masterpieces, contemporary productions, and student-directed labs. It also runs the <hl> Shakespeare-in-the-Schools <hl> which tours classic theater for K-12 students throughout the Pittsburgh area. Friday Nite Improvs, Pittsburgh's longest-running theatre show, was started in 1989 by graduate theatre students. It takes place weekly inside the Cathedral of Learning's studio theatre. The Redeye Theatre Project is a festival of one-act plays cast, written, and rehearsed in 24 hours. Additionally, Pitt Musical Theater Club provides undergraduates the opportunity to perform in student directed variety shows and musicals. The club was founded in 2009.", "sentence_answer": "It also runs the <hl> Shakespeare-in-the-Schools <hl> which tours classic theater for K-12 students throughout the Pittsburgh area.", "paragraph_id": "5d676f2d2b22cd4dfcfbfb79"}
{"question": "What powers are given to the Senate in this arrangement?", "paragraph": "The constitutional text denies the Senate the power to originate or amend appropriation bills, in deference to the conventions of the classical Westminster system. Under a traditional Westminster system, the executive government is responsible for its use of public funds to the lower house, which has the power to bring down a government by blocking its access to supply \u2013 i.e. revenue appropriated through taxation. The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities.", "answer": "reject supply bills or defer their passage", "sentence": "The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities.", "paragraph_sentence": "The constitutional text denies the Senate the power to originate or amend appropriation bills, in deference to the conventions of the classical Westminster system. Under a traditional Westminster system, the executive government is responsible for its use of public funds to the lower house, which has the power to bring down a government by blocking its access to supply \u2013 i.e. revenue appropriated through taxation. <hl> The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to reject supply bills or defer their passage \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The constitutional text denies the Senate the power to originate or amend appropriation bills, in deference to the conventions of the classical Westminster system. Under a traditional Westminster system, the executive government is responsible for its use of public funds to the lower house, which has the power to bring down a government by blocking its access to supply \u2013 i.e. revenue appropriated through taxation. The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to <hl> reject supply bills or defer their passage <hl> \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities.", "sentence_answer": "The arrangement as expressed in the Australian Constitution, however, still leaves the Senate with the power to <hl> reject supply bills or defer their passage <hl> \u2013 undoubtedly one of the Senate's most contentious and powerful abilities.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5362b22cd4dfcfbce5f"}
{"question": "Why did the federal government agree to furlough soldiers?", "paragraph": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "answer": "running at half capacity", "sentence": "Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity , the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. <hl> Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity , the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing <hl> running at half capacity <hl>, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "sentence_answer": "Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing <hl> running at half capacity <hl> , the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "paragraph_id": "5d662a912b22cd4dfcfbda73"}
{"question": "What is the purpose of the room adjacent to the hall?", "paragraph": "New England farming families generally lived in wooden houses because of the abundance of trees. A typical New England farmhouse was one-and-a-half stories tall and had a strong frame (usually made of large square timbers) that was covered by wooden clapboard siding. A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter. One side of the ground floor contained a hall, a general-purpose room where the family worked and ate meals. Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed. Children slept in a loft above, while the kitchen was either part of the hall or was located in a shed along the back of the house. Because colonial families were large, these small dwellings had much activity and there was little privacy.", "answer": "entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed", "sentence": "Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed .", "paragraph_sentence": "New England farming families generally lived in wooden houses because of the abundance of trees. A typical New England farmhouse was one-and-a-half stories tall and had a strong frame (usually made of large square timbers) that was covered by wooden clapboard siding. A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter. One side of the ground floor contained a hall, a general-purpose room where the family worked and ate meals. <hl> Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed . <hl> Children slept in a loft above, while the kitchen was either part of the hall or was located in a shed along the back of the house. Because colonial families were large, these small dwellings had much activity and there was little privacy.", "paragraph_answer": "New England farming families generally lived in wooden houses because of the abundance of trees. A typical New England farmhouse was one-and-a-half stories tall and had a strong frame (usually made of large square timbers) that was covered by wooden clapboard siding. A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter. One side of the ground floor contained a hall, a general-purpose room where the family worked and ate meals. Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to <hl> entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed <hl>. Children slept in a loft above, while the kitchen was either part of the hall or was located in a shed along the back of the house. Because colonial families were large, these small dwellings had much activity and there was little privacy.", "sentence_answer": "Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to <hl> entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667dbe2b22cd4dfcfbe0a2"}
{"question": "Where is pond hockey played?", "paragraph": "Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter. Pond hockey is commonly referred to in hockey circles as shinny. Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities. Since 2002, the World Pond Hockey Championship has been played on Roulston Lake in Plaster Rock, New Brunswick, Canada. Since 2006, the U.S. Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Canadian National Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Huntsville, Ontario.", "answer": "lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter", "sentence": "Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter . <hl> Pond hockey is commonly referred to in hockey circles as shinny. Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities. Since 2002, the World Pond Hockey Championship has been played on Roulston Lake in Plaster Rock, New Brunswick, Canada. Since 2006, the U.S. Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Canadian National Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Huntsville, Ontario.", "paragraph_answer": "Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on <hl> lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter <hl>. Pond hockey is commonly referred to in hockey circles as shinny. Its rules differ from traditional hockey because there is no hitting and very little shooting, placing a greater emphasis on skating, puckhandling and passing abilities. Since 2002, the World Pond Hockey Championship has been played on Roulston Lake in Plaster Rock, New Brunswick, Canada. Since 2006, the U.S. Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Canadian National Pond Hockey Championships have been played in Huntsville, Ontario.", "sentence_answer": "Pond hockey is a form of ice hockey played generally as pick-up hockey on <hl> lakes, ponds and artificial outdoor rinks during the winter <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6621322b22cd4dfcfbd9b3"}
{"question": "What does a simple lens consist of?", "paragraph": "A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly refract radiation other than visible light are also called lenses, such as microwave lenses or acoustic lenses.", "answer": "single piece of material", "sentence": "A simple lens consists of a single piece of material , while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis.", "paragraph_sentence": "A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. <hl> A simple lens consists of a single piece of material , while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. <hl> Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly refract radiation other than visible light are also called lenses, such as microwave lenses or acoustic lenses.", "paragraph_answer": "A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. A simple lens consists of a <hl> single piece of material <hl>, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly refract radiation other than visible light are also called lenses, such as microwave lenses or acoustic lenses.", "sentence_answer": "A simple lens consists of a <hl> single piece of material <hl> , while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis.", "paragraph_id": "5d6767ab2b22cd4dfcfbfa15"}
{"question": "Was the uprising in Serbia successful?", "paragraph": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "answer": "quickly defeated by the Axis forces", "sentence": "An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped.", "paragraph_sentence": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. <hl> An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was quickly defeated by the Axis forces and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. <hl> Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "paragraph_answer": "The extent of support for the Partisan movement varied according to region and nationality, reflecting the existential concerns of the local population and authorities. The first Partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on 22 June 1941, when forty Croatian Communists staged an uprising in the Brezovica woods between Sisak and Zagreb. An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was <hl> quickly defeated by the Axis forces <hl> and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped. Partisan numbers from Serbia would be diminished until 1943 when the Partisan movement gained upswing by spreading the fight against the axis. Increase of number of Partisans in Serbia, similarly to other republics, came partly in response to Tito's offer of amnesty to all collaborators on 17 August 1944. At that point tens of thousands of Chetniks switched sides to the Partisans.[citation needed] The amnesty would be offered again after German withdrawal from Belgrade on 21 November 1944 and on 15 January 1945.", "sentence_answer": "An uprising occurred in Serbia two weeks later led by Tito (Uzice Republic), but it was <hl> quickly defeated by the Axis forces <hl> and support for the Partisans in Serbia thereafter dropped.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706c62b22cd4dfcfbeb0b"}
{"question": "How many years does it usually take to earn a MD degree?", "paragraph": "Admission to medical schools in the United States is highly competitive, with about 17,800 out of approximately 47,000 applicants receiving at least one acceptance to any medical school in recent application years. Before entering medical school, many schools require that students must complete a four-year undergraduate degree and take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT); however, some medical schools require only a certain amount of undergraduate coursework (but not degree completion) before the start of the medical curriculum. Before graduating from a medical school and achieving the Doctor of Medicine degree, most schools require their students to take the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) step one and both the clinical knowledge and clinical skills parts of step two. The MD degree is typically earned in four years. Following the awarding of the MD, physicians who wish to practice in the United States are required to complete at least one internship year (PGY-1) and pass the USMLE Step 3. In order to receive board eligible or board accredited status in a specialty of medicine such as general surgery or internal medicine, they undergo additional specialized training in the form of a residency. Those who wish to further specialize in areas such as cardiology or interventional radiology then complete a fellowship. Depending upon the physician's chosen field, residencies and fellowships involve an additional three to eight years of training after obtaining the MD. This can be lengthened with additional research years, which can last one, two, or more years.", "answer": "four years", "sentence": "The MD degree is typically earned in four years .", "paragraph_sentence": "Admission to medical schools in the United States is highly competitive, with about 17,800 out of approximately 47,000 applicants receiving at least one acceptance to any medical school in recent application years. Before entering medical school, many schools require that students must complete a four-year undergraduate degree and take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT); however, some medical schools require only a certain amount of undergraduate coursework (but not degree completion) before the start of the medical curriculum. Before graduating from a medical school and achieving the Doctor of Medicine degree, most schools require their students to take the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) step one and both the clinical knowledge and clinical skills parts of step two. <hl> The MD degree is typically earned in four years . <hl> Following the awarding of the MD, physicians who wish to practice in the United States are required to complete at least one internship year (PGY-1) and pass the USMLE Step 3. In order to receive board eligible or board accredited status in a specialty of medicine such as general surgery or internal medicine, they undergo additional specialized training in the form of a residency. Those who wish to further specialize in areas such as cardiology or interventional radiology then complete a fellowship. Depending upon the physician's chosen field, residencies and fellowships involve an additional three to eight years of training after obtaining the MD. This can be lengthened with additional research years, which can last one, two, or more years.", "paragraph_answer": "Admission to medical schools in the United States is highly competitive, with about 17,800 out of approximately 47,000 applicants receiving at least one acceptance to any medical school in recent application years. Before entering medical school, many schools require that students must complete a four-year undergraduate degree and take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT); however, some medical schools require only a certain amount of undergraduate coursework (but not degree completion) before the start of the medical curriculum. Before graduating from a medical school and achieving the Doctor of Medicine degree, most schools require their students to take the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) step one and both the clinical knowledge and clinical skills parts of step two. The MD degree is typically earned in <hl> four years <hl>. Following the awarding of the MD, physicians who wish to practice in the United States are required to complete at least one internship year (PGY-1) and pass the USMLE Step 3. In order to receive board eligible or board accredited status in a specialty of medicine such as general surgery or internal medicine, they undergo additional specialized training in the form of a residency. Those who wish to further specialize in areas such as cardiology or interventional radiology then complete a fellowship. Depending upon the physician's chosen field, residencies and fellowships involve an additional three to eight years of training after obtaining the MD. This can be lengthened with additional research years, which can last one, two, or more years.", "sentence_answer": "The MD degree is typically earned in <hl> four years <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65eca22b22cd4dfcfbd2b5"}
{"question": "What is less common in Hindu-Buddhist art?", "paragraph": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "answer": "high relief", "sentence": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. <hl> Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "paragraph_answer": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia <hl> high relief <hl> can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "sentence_answer": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia <hl> high relief <hl> can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fdf92b22cd4dfcfc04f6"}
{"question": "What contributed to the emergence of townships in the United States?", "paragraph": "Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations. Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System. For more information, see survey township and civil township.", "answer": "Public Land Survey System", "sentence": "Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System .", "paragraph_sentence": "Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations. <hl> Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System . <hl> For more information, see survey township and civil township.", "paragraph_answer": "Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations. Townships in the United States are generally the product of the <hl> Public Land Survey System <hl>. For more information, see survey township and civil township.", "sentence_answer": "Townships in the United States are generally the product of the <hl> Public Land Survey System <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67554d2b22cd4dfcfbf75a"}
{"question": "What makes the surname the first surname?", "paragraph": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "answer": "paternal", "sentence": "paternal ) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_sentence": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. <hl> paternal ) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. <hl> paternal <hl>) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> paternal <hl> ) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a7362b22cd4dfcfbff2a"}
{"question": "Where are triglycerides stored in order to store energy for animals and plants?", "paragraph": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. The adipocyte, or fat cell, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "answer": "adipose tissue", "sentence": "Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue , are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Triglycerides, stored in adipose tissue , are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. <hl> The adipocyte, or fat cell, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "paragraph_answer": "Triglycerides, stored in <hl> adipose tissue <hl>, are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants. The adipocyte, or fat cell, is designed for continuous synthesis and breakdown of triglycerides in animals, with breakdown controlled mainly by the activation of hormone-sensitive enzyme lipase. The complete oxidation of fatty acids provides high caloric content, about 9 kcal/g, compared with 4 kcal/g for the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. Migratory birds that must fly long distances without eating use stored energy of triglycerides to fuel their flights.", "sentence_answer": "Triglycerides, stored in <hl> adipose tissue <hl> , are a major form of energy storage both in animals and plants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6745162b22cd4dfcfbf480"}
{"question": "How does a Postmodern-ironist view truth?", "paragraph": "More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed, (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization, or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self.", "answer": "as socially constructed", "sentence": "More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed , (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization, or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth as socially constructed , (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization, or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth <hl> as socially constructed <hl>, (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization, or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self.", "sentence_answer": "More recently, Walter Truett Anderson described postmodernism as belonging to one of four typological world views, which he identifies as either (a) Postmodern-ironist, which sees truth <hl> as socially constructed <hl> , (b) Scientific-rational, in which truth is found through methodical, disciplined inquiry, (c) Social-traditional, in which truth is found in the heritage of American and Western civilization, or (d) Neo-romantic, in which truth is found through attaining harmony with nature and/or spiritual exploration of the inner self.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e332b22cd4dfcfbf5e3"}
{"question": "Who had the power to call a locally elected assembly in a province?", "paragraph": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "answer": "The governor", "sentence": "The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly.", "paragraph_sentence": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. <hl> The governor was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. <hl> The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "paragraph_answer": "The provincial government was governed by commissions created at pleasure by the monarch. A governor (and in some provinces his council) were appointed by the crown. <hl> The governor <hl> was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly. The governor's council would sit as an upper house when the assembly was in session in addition to its role in advising the governor. Assemblies were made up of representatives elected by the freeholders and planters (landowners) of the province. The governor had the power of absolute veto, and could prorogue (i.e., delay) and dissolve the assembly.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The governor <hl> was invested with general executive powers, and authorized to call a locally elected assembly.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ff442b22cd4dfcfbd52b"}
{"question": "What are two features of postmodern influence in music scores?", "paragraph": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "answer": "Eclecticism and freedom of expression", "sentence": "Eclecticism and freedom of expression , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression <hl>, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression <hl> , in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724c12b22cd4dfcfbf08f"}
{"question": "When was World War I started?", "paragraph": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "answer": "1914", "sentence": "At the outset of World War I in 1914 , the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At the outset of World War I in 1914 , the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. <hl> Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "paragraph_answer": "At the outset of World War I in <hl> 1914 <hl>, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "sentence_answer": "At the outset of World War I in <hl> 1914 <hl> , the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments.", "paragraph_id": "5d6814242b22cd4dfcfc0566"}
{"question": "Which Lord inspired the Manipuri dance?", "paragraph": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. The costume is elegant, as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. This dance is very exciting. Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami has put Manipuri Rasa Leela on the global map with its performance in many prestigious events like many World Conference on science and religion, United Religions Initiative conference, Kumbha Mela and many more.[citation needed]", "answer": "Krishna", "sentence": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord Krishna and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. <hl> This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. The costume is elegant, as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. This dance is very exciting. Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami has put Manipuri Rasa Leela on the global map with its performance in many prestigious events like many World Conference on science and religion, United Religions Initiative conference, Kumbha Mela and many more.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord <hl> Krishna <hl> and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna. This graceful and slow movement makes it one of the most acclaimed classical dances of India. The costume is elegant, as there are nicely embroidered clothes that give lustre to the beauty of the art. This dance is very exciting. Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami has put Manipuri Rasa Leela on the global map with its performance in many prestigious events like many World Conference on science and religion, United Religions Initiative conference, Kumbha Mela and many more.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "A classical form of Manipuri dance based and inspired by the theme of Lord <hl> Krishna <hl> and his beloved Radha's love story and the devotion of the Gopis (companions) toward Lord Krishna.", "paragraph_id": "5d6787a92b22cd4dfcfbfe0a"}
{"question": "What shore of the Baltic's was among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity?", "paragraph": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "answer": "eastern shore", "sentence": "The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The lands on the Baltic's eastern shore were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. <hl> This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "paragraph_answer": "The lands on the Baltic's <hl> eastern shore <hl> were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity. This finally happened during the Northern Crusades: Finland in the twelfth century by Swedes, and what are now Estonia and Latvia in the early thirteenth century by Danes and Germans (Livonian Brothers of the Sword). The Teutonic Order gained control over parts of the southern and eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, where they set up their monastic state. Lithuania was the last European state to convert to Christianity.", "sentence_answer": "The lands on the Baltic's <hl> eastern shore <hl> were among the last in Europe to be converted to Christianity.", "paragraph_id": "5d665e2f2b22cd4dfcfbdcbd"}
{"question": "How did the Andes change during the Cretaceous Period?", "paragraph": "The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. It continued through the Jurassic Period. It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "answer": "uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east.", "sentence": "It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "paragraph_sentence": "The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. It continued through the Jurassic Period. <hl> It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. It continued through the Jurassic Period. It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the <hl> uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. <hl> The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "sentence_answer": "It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the <hl> uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. <hl> The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "paragraph_id": "5d6599392b22cd4dfcfbca7e"}
{"question": "How many years does newly graduated doctors have to serve in internship?", "paragraph": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. Upon graduation, all medical students must pass national medical licensing examinations and a university-based comprehensive test. After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. The students will receive Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. However the degree is equivalent to master's degree in Thailand.", "answer": "a year", "sentence": "After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. Upon graduation, all medical students must pass national medical licensing examinations and a university-based comprehensive test. <hl> After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend a year of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. <hl> The students will receive Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. However the degree is equivalent to master's degree in Thailand.", "paragraph_answer": "The Thai medical education is 6 years system, consisting of 1 year in basic-science, 2 years in pre-clinical training, and 3 years for clinical training. Upon graduation, all medical students must pass national medical licensing examinations and a university-based comprehensive test. After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend <hl> a year <hl> of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training. The students will receive Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. However the degree is equivalent to master's degree in Thailand.", "sentence_answer": "After medical school, newly graduated doctor are under contract to spend <hl> a year <hl> of internship and 2 years of tenure in rural areas before they are eligible for any other residency positions or specialized training.", "paragraph_id": "5d6656f02b22cd4dfcfbdc54"}
{"question": "What language is the word \"Pera\" derived from?", "paragraph": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "answer": "Greek", "sentence": "Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts).", "paragraph_sentence": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. <hl> Pera (from the Greek word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). <hl> Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "paragraph_answer": "By the 19th century, the city had acquired other names used by either foreigners or Turks. Europeans used Constantinople to refer to the whole of the city, but used the name Stamboul\u2014as the Turks also did\u2014to describe the walled peninsula between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara. Pera (from the <hl> Greek <hl> word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts). Islambol (meaning either \"City of Islam\" or \"Full of Islam\") was sometimes colloquially used to refer to the city, and was even engraved on some Ottoman coins, but the belief that it was the precursor to the present name, \u0130stanbul, is belied by the fact that the latter existed well before the former and even predates the Ottoman conquest of the city.", "sentence_answer": "Pera (from the <hl> Greek <hl> word for \"across\") was used to describe the area between the Golden Horn and the Bosphorus, but Turks also used the name Beyo\u011flu (today the official name for one of the city's constituent districts).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2192b22cd4dfcfbcbc4"}
{"question": "What is the effect of getting the instrument to overblow at the octave?", "paragraph": "The saxophone was developed in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, a Belgian instrument maker, flautist, and clarinetist born in Dinant and originally based in Brussels, he moved to Paris in 1842 to establish his musical instrument business.   Prior to his work on the saxophone, he had made several improvements to the bass clarinet by improving its keywork and acoustics and extending its lower range. Sax was also a maker of the then-popular ophicleide, a large conical brass instrument in the bass register with keys similar to a woodwind instrument. His experience with these two instruments allowed him to develop the skills and technologies needed to make the first saxophones.  As an outgrowth of his work improving the bass clarinet,  Sax began developing an instrument with the projection of a brass instrument and the agility of a woodwind. He wanted it to overblow at the octave, unlike the clarinet, which rises in pitch by a twelfth when overblown. An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers.", "answer": "An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers.", "sentence": "An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone was developed in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, a Belgian instrument maker, flautist, and clarinetist born in Dinant and originally based in Brussels, he moved to Paris in 1842 to establish his musical instrument business. Prior to his work on the saxophone, he had made several improvements to the bass clarinet by improving its keywork and acoustics and extending its lower range. Sax was also a maker of the then-popular ophicleide, a large conical brass instrument in the bass register with keys similar to a woodwind instrument. His experience with these two instruments allowed him to develop the skills and technologies needed to make the first saxophones. As an outgrowth of his work improving the bass clarinet, Sax began developing an instrument with the projection of a brass instrument and the agility of a woodwind. He wanted it to overblow at the octave, unlike the clarinet, which rises in pitch by a twelfth when overblown. <hl> An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone was developed in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, a Belgian instrument maker, flautist, and clarinetist born in Dinant and originally based in Brussels, he moved to Paris in 1842 to establish his musical instrument business. Prior to his work on the saxophone, he had made several improvements to the bass clarinet by improving its keywork and acoustics and extending its lower range. Sax was also a maker of the then-popular ophicleide, a large conical brass instrument in the bass register with keys similar to a woodwind instrument. His experience with these two instruments allowed him to develop the skills and technologies needed to make the first saxophones. As an outgrowth of his work improving the bass clarinet, Sax began developing an instrument with the projection of a brass instrument and the agility of a woodwind. He wanted it to overblow at the octave, unlike the clarinet, which rises in pitch by a twelfth when overblown. <hl> An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> An instrument that overblew at the octave, would have identical fingering for both registers. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6746742b22cd4dfcfbf4ba"}
{"question": "Where was the Meissner effect first discovered?", "paragraph": "Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals.", "answer": "tin crystals", "sentence": "In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. <hl> In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting <hl> tin crystals <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting <hl> tin crystals <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee4b2b22cd4dfcfbe5b3"}
{"question": "What caused the river to flood downtown?", "paragraph": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "answer": "Heavy rainfall", "sentence": "Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford.", "paragraph_sentence": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. <hl> Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. <hl> An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "paragraph_answer": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. <hl> Heavy rainfall <hl> caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Heavy rainfall <hl> caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford.", "paragraph_id": "5d662bee2b22cd4dfcfbda87"}
{"question": "Why is satisfiability of formulas with free variables more complicated?", "paragraph": "Satisfiability of formulas with free variables is more complicated, because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula. The most common convention is that a formula with free variables is said to be satisfied by an interpretation if the formula remains true regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables. This has the same effect as saying that a formula is satisfied if and only if its universal closure is satisfied.", "answer": "because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula", "sentence": "Satisfiability of formulas with free variables is more complicated, because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Satisfiability of formulas with free variables is more complicated, because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula . <hl> The most common convention is that a formula with free variables is said to be satisfied by an interpretation if the formula remains true regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables. This has the same effect as saying that a formula is satisfied if and only if its universal closure is satisfied.", "paragraph_answer": "Satisfiability of formulas with free variables is more complicated, <hl> because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula <hl>. The most common convention is that a formula with free variables is said to be satisfied by an interpretation if the formula remains true regardless which individuals from the domain of discourse are assigned to its free variables. This has the same effect as saying that a formula is satisfied if and only if its universal closure is satisfied.", "sentence_answer": "Satisfiability of formulas with free variables is more complicated, <hl> because an interpretation on its own does not determine the truth value of such a formula <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6646b72b22cd4dfcfbdbd8"}
{"question": "Who was president of Spain in 1873?", "paragraph": "For Proudhon, mutualism involved creating \"industrial democracy,\" a system where workplaces would be \"handed over to democratically organised workers' associations . . . We want these associations to be models for agriculture, industry and trade, the pioneering core of that vast federation of companies and societies woven into the common cloth of the democratic social Republic.\" He urged \"workers to form themselves into democratic societies, with equal conditions for all members, on pain of a relapse into feudalism.\" This would result in \"Capitalistic and proprietary exploitation, stopped everywhere, the wage system abolished, equal and just exchange guaranteed.\" Workers would no longer sell their labour to a capitalist but rather work for themselves in co-operatives.   Anarcho-communism calls for a confederal form in relationships of mutual aid and free association between communes as an alternative to the centralism of the nation-state. Peter Kropotkin thus suggested that \"Representative government has accomplished its historical mission; it has given a mortal blow to court-rule; and by its debates it has awakened public interest in public questions. But to see in it the government of the future socialist society is to commit a gross error. Each economic phase of life implies its own political phase; and it is impossible to touch the very basis of the present economic life-private property -without a corresponding change in the very basis of the political organization. Life already shows in which direction the change will be made. Not in increasing the powers of the State, but in resorting to free organization and free federation in all those branches which are now considered as attributes of the State.\" When the First Spanish Republic was established in 1873 after the abdication of King Amadeo, the first president, Estanislao Figueras, named Francesc Pi i Margall Minister of the Interior. His acquaintance with Proudhon enabled Pi to warm relations between the Republicans and the socialists in Spain. Pi i Margall became the principal translator of Proudhon's works into Spanish and later briefly became president of Spain in 1873 while being the leader of the Democratic Republican Federal Party. According to George Woodcock \"These translations were to have a profound and lasting effect on the development of Spanish anarchism after 1870, but before that time Proudhonian ideas, as interpreted by Pi, already provided much of the inspiration for the federalist movement which sprang up in the early 1860's.\" According to the Encyclopedia Britannica \"During the Spanish revolution of 1873, Pi y Margall attempted to establish a decentralized, or \u201ccantonalist,\u201d political system on Proudhonian lines.\"", "answer": "Figueras", "sentence": "When the First Spanish Republic was established in 1873 after the abdication of King Amadeo, the first president, Estanislao Figueras , named Francesc Pi i Margall Minister of the Interior.", "paragraph_sentence": "For Proudhon, mutualism involved creating \"industrial democracy,\" a system where workplaces would be \"handed over to democratically organised workers' associations . . . We want these associations to be models for agriculture, industry and trade, the pioneering core of that vast federation of companies and societies woven into the common cloth of the democratic social Republic.\" He urged \"workers to form themselves into democratic societies, with equal conditions for all members, on pain of a relapse into feudalism.\" This would result in \"Capitalistic and proprietary exploitation, stopped everywhere, the wage system abolished, equal and just exchange guaranteed.\" Workers would no longer sell their labour to a capitalist but rather work for themselves in co-operatives. Anarcho-communism calls for a confederal form in relationships of mutual aid and free association between communes as an alternative to the centralism of the nation-state. Peter Kropotkin thus suggested that \"Representative government has accomplished its historical mission; it has given a mortal blow to court-rule; and by its debates it has awakened public interest in public questions. But to see in it the government of the future socialist society is to commit a gross error. Each economic phase of life implies its own political phase; and it is impossible to touch the very basis of the present economic life-private property -without a corresponding change in the very basis of the political organization. Life already shows in which direction the change will be made. Not in increasing the powers of the State, but in resorting to free organization and free federation in all those branches which are now considered as attributes of the State.\" <hl> When the First Spanish Republic was established in 1873 after the abdication of King Amadeo, the first president, Estanislao Figueras , named Francesc Pi i Margall Minister of the Interior. <hl> His acquaintance with Proudhon enabled Pi to warm relations between the Republicans and the socialists in Spain. Pi i Margall became the principal translator of Proudhon's works into Spanish and later briefly became president of Spain in 1873 while being the leader of the Democratic Republican Federal Party. According to George Woodcock \"These translations were to have a profound and lasting effect on the development of Spanish anarchism after 1870, but before that time Proudhonian ideas, as interpreted by Pi, already provided much of the inspiration for the federalist movement which sprang up in the early 1860's.\" According to the Encyclopedia Britannica \"During the Spanish revolution of 1873, Pi y Margall attempted to establish a decentralized, or \u201ccantonalist,\u201d political system on Proudhonian lines.\"", "paragraph_answer": "For Proudhon, mutualism involved creating \"industrial democracy,\" a system where workplaces would be \"handed over to democratically organised workers' associations . . . We want these associations to be models for agriculture, industry and trade, the pioneering core of that vast federation of companies and societies woven into the common cloth of the democratic social Republic.\" He urged \"workers to form themselves into democratic societies, with equal conditions for all members, on pain of a relapse into feudalism.\" This would result in \"Capitalistic and proprietary exploitation, stopped everywhere, the wage system abolished, equal and just exchange guaranteed.\" Workers would no longer sell their labour to a capitalist but rather work for themselves in co-operatives. Anarcho-communism calls for a confederal form in relationships of mutual aid and free association between communes as an alternative to the centralism of the nation-state. Peter Kropotkin thus suggested that \"Representative government has accomplished its historical mission; it has given a mortal blow to court-rule; and by its debates it has awakened public interest in public questions. But to see in it the government of the future socialist society is to commit a gross error. Each economic phase of life implies its own political phase; and it is impossible to touch the very basis of the present economic life-private property -without a corresponding change in the very basis of the political organization. Life already shows in which direction the change will be made. Not in increasing the powers of the State, but in resorting to free organization and free federation in all those branches which are now considered as attributes of the State.\" When the First Spanish Republic was established in 1873 after the abdication of King Amadeo, the first president, Estanislao <hl> Figueras <hl>, named Francesc Pi i Margall Minister of the Interior. His acquaintance with Proudhon enabled Pi to warm relations between the Republicans and the socialists in Spain. Pi i Margall became the principal translator of Proudhon's works into Spanish and later briefly became president of Spain in 1873 while being the leader of the Democratic Republican Federal Party. According to George Woodcock \"These translations were to have a profound and lasting effect on the development of Spanish anarchism after 1870, but before that time Proudhonian ideas, as interpreted by Pi, already provided much of the inspiration for the federalist movement which sprang up in the early 1860's.\" According to the Encyclopedia Britannica \"During the Spanish revolution of 1873, Pi y Margall attempted to establish a decentralized, or \u201ccantonalist,\u201d political system on Proudhonian lines.\"", "sentence_answer": "When the First Spanish Republic was established in 1873 after the abdication of King Amadeo, the first president, Estanislao <hl> Figueras <hl> , named Francesc Pi i Margall Minister of the Interior.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de6f2b22cd4dfcfbd00c"}
{"question": "What is unique about the Latin used by the educated and official world during the post-classical period?", "paragraph": "Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed. The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.", "answer": "Latin continued without its natural spoken base", "sentence": "The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base .", "paragraph_sentence": "Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed. <hl> The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base . <hl> Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.", "paragraph_answer": "Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed. The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world <hl> Latin continued without its natural spoken base <hl>. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.", "sentence_answer": "The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world <hl> Latin continued without its natural spoken base <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6612e42b22cd4dfcfbd7bd"}
{"question": "What is the width of most skate's?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey skates are optimized for physical acceleration, speed and maneuverability. This includes rapid starts, stops, turns, and changes in skating direction. In addition, they must be rigid and tough to protect the skater's feet from contact with other skaters, sticks, pucks, the boards, and the ice itself. Rigidity also improves the overall maneuverability of the skate. Blade length, thickness (width), and curvature (rocker/radius (front to back) and radius of hollow (across the blade width) are quite different from speed or figure skates. Hockey players usually adjust these parameters based on their skill level, position, and body type. Most skate's width are about an 1/8 of an inch thick.", "answer": "1/8 of an inch thick", "sentence": "Most skate's width are about an 1/8 of an inch thick .", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey skates are optimized for physical acceleration, speed and maneuverability. This includes rapid starts, stops, turns, and changes in skating direction. In addition, they must be rigid and tough to protect the skater's feet from contact with other skaters, sticks, pucks, the boards, and the ice itself. Rigidity also improves the overall maneuverability of the skate. Blade length, thickness (width), and curvature (rocker/radius (front to back) and radius of hollow (across the blade width) are quite different from speed or figure skates. Hockey players usually adjust these parameters based on their skill level, position, and body type. <hl> Most skate's width are about an 1/8 of an inch thick . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey skates are optimized for physical acceleration, speed and maneuverability. This includes rapid starts, stops, turns, and changes in skating direction. In addition, they must be rigid and tough to protect the skater's feet from contact with other skaters, sticks, pucks, the boards, and the ice itself. Rigidity also improves the overall maneuverability of the skate. Blade length, thickness (width), and curvature (rocker/radius (front to back) and radius of hollow (across the blade width) are quite different from speed or figure skates. Hockey players usually adjust these parameters based on their skill level, position, and body type. Most skate's width are about an <hl> 1/8 of an inch thick <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Most skate's width are about an <hl> 1/8 of an inch thick <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8cf2b22cd4dfcfbcd45"}
{"question": "What followed Old latin?", "paragraph": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin. Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "answer": "Classical Latin", "sentence": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into Classical Latin . <hl> Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "paragraph_answer": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into <hl> Classical Latin <hl>. Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence. Late Latin is the written language beginning in the 3rd century AD and Medieval Latin the language used from the ninth century until the Renaissance which used Renaissance Latin. Later, Early Modern Latin and Modern Latin evolved. Latin was used as the language of international communication, scholarship, and science until well into the 18th century, when it began to be supplanted by vernaculars. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.", "sentence_answer": "By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardized into <hl> Classical Latin <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661f6e2b22cd4dfcfbd96d"}
{"question": "Where was John Hickenlooper mayor?", "paragraph": "While Mayor of Denver, Colorado, Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper made dealing with the issues that underlie homelessness a top priority on his Mayoral agenda, speaking heavily on the issue during his first \"State of the City\" address in 2003. While Denver's homeless population is much lower than other major cities, the homeless residents have often suffered when without shelter during Denver's infamously cold winters. Now officials have said that this number has risen over the past few years.", "answer": "Denver, Colorado", "sentence": "While Mayor of Denver, Colorado , Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper made dealing with the issues that underlie homelessness a top priority on his Mayoral agenda, speaking heavily on the issue during his first \"State of the City\" address in 2003.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> While Mayor of Denver, Colorado , Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper made dealing with the issues that underlie homelessness a top priority on his Mayoral agenda, speaking heavily on the issue during his first \"State of the City\" address in 2003. <hl> While Denver's homeless population is much lower than other major cities, the homeless residents have often suffered when without shelter during Denver's infamously cold winters. Now officials have said that this number has risen over the past few years.", "paragraph_answer": "While Mayor of <hl> Denver, Colorado <hl>, Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper made dealing with the issues that underlie homelessness a top priority on his Mayoral agenda, speaking heavily on the issue during his first \"State of the City\" address in 2003. While Denver's homeless population is much lower than other major cities, the homeless residents have often suffered when without shelter during Denver's infamously cold winters. Now officials have said that this number has risen over the past few years.", "sentence_answer": "While Mayor of <hl> Denver, Colorado <hl> , Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper made dealing with the issues that underlie homelessness a top priority on his Mayoral agenda, speaking heavily on the issue during his first \"State of the City\" address in 2003.", "paragraph_id": "5d665bec2b22cd4dfcfbdc82"}
{"question": "Which Republican nominee was not from Massachusetts?", "paragraph": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "answer": "Paul Ryan", "sentence": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. <hl> The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative <hl> Paul Ryan <hl> of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "sentence_answer": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative <hl> Paul Ryan <hl> of Wisconsin for Vice President.", "paragraph_id": "5d6733bb2b22cd4dfcfbf270"}
{"question": "Compactness theorem is a core tool of which theory?", "paragraph": "The compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every finite subset of it has a model. This implies that if a formula is a logical consequence of an infinite set of first-order axioms, then it is a logical consequence of some finite number of those axioms. This theorem was proved first by Kurt G\u00f6del as a consequence of the completeness theorem, but many additional proofs have been obtained over time. It is a central tool in model theory, providing a fundamental method for constructing models.", "answer": "model theory", "sentence": "It is a central tool in model theory , providing a fundamental method for constructing models.", "paragraph_sentence": "The compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every finite subset of it has a model. This implies that if a formula is a logical consequence of an infinite set of first-order axioms, then it is a logical consequence of some finite number of those axioms. This theorem was proved first by Kurt G\u00f6del as a consequence of the completeness theorem, but many additional proofs have been obtained over time. <hl> It is a central tool in model theory , providing a fundamental method for constructing models. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every finite subset of it has a model. This implies that if a formula is a logical consequence of an infinite set of first-order axioms, then it is a logical consequence of some finite number of those axioms. This theorem was proved first by Kurt G\u00f6del as a consequence of the completeness theorem, but many additional proofs have been obtained over time. It is a central tool in <hl> model theory <hl>, providing a fundamental method for constructing models.", "sentence_answer": "It is a central tool in <hl> model theory <hl> , providing a fundamental method for constructing models.", "paragraph_id": "5d671d462b22cd4dfcfbefbf"}
{"question": "How many employees did the New Haven operate?", "paragraph": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. Starting in the 1890s J. P. Morgan began financing the major New England railroads, and dividing territory so they would not compete. The New Haven purchased 50 smaller companies, including steamship lines, and built a network of light rails (electrified trolleys) that provided inter-urban transportation for all of southern New England. By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees.", "answer": "120,000", "sentence": "By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. Starting in the 1890s J. P. Morgan began financing the major New England railroads, and dividing territory so they would not compete. The New Haven purchased 50 smaller companies, including steamship lines, and built a network of light rails (electrified trolleys) that provided inter-urban transportation for all of southern New England. <hl> By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and 120,000 employees. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, called the New Haven or \"The Consolidated,\" became the dominant Connecticut railroad company after 1872. Starting in the 1890s J. P. Morgan began financing the major New England railroads, and dividing territory so they would not compete. The New Haven purchased 50 smaller companies, including steamship lines, and built a network of light rails (electrified trolleys) that provided inter-urban transportation for all of southern New England. By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and <hl> 120,000 <hl> employees.", "sentence_answer": "By 1912, the New Haven operated over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of track, and <hl> 120,000 <hl> employees.", "paragraph_id": "5d6629522b22cd4dfcfbda5d"}
{"question": "What is phosphor bronze?", "paragraph": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "answer": "Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze", "sentence": "Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. <hl> Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze . <hl> Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. <hl> Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze <hl>. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670ee02b22cd4dfcfbecaf"}
{"question": "Hugh Trevor-Roper was a historian that authored what book that made him relevant to the newspaper?", "paragraph": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "answer": "The Last Days of Hitler", "sentence": "In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler .", "paragraph_sentence": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. <hl> In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of <hl> The Last Days of Hitler <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of <hl> The Last Days of Hitler <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6718042b22cd4dfcfbef1a"}
{"question": "What are the five categories used for surnames?", "paragraph": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin:  given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name.  This classification can be extended to surnames originating elsewhere.", "answer": "given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name", "sentence": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin:  given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin: given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name . <hl> This classification can be extended to surnames originating elsewhere.", "paragraph_answer": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin: <hl> given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name <hl>. This classification can be extended to surnames originating elsewhere.", "sentence_answer": "Name etymologists classify European surnames under five categories, depending on their origin: <hl> given name, occupational name, location name, nickname, and ornamental name <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d671d252b22cd4dfcfbefb9"}
{"question": "When was a written work of Haliburton published?", "paragraph": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "answer": "1844", "sentence": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844 ) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844 ) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". <hl> This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "paragraph_answer": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in <hl> 1844 <hl>) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "sentence_answer": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in <hl> 1844 <hl> ) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0c72b22cd4dfcfbd08c"}
{"question": "Which English queen helped propell national assertiveness in the 17the century?", "paragraph": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "answer": "Queen Elizabeth", "sentence": "During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth .", "paragraph_sentence": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. <hl> During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of Queen Elizabeth . <hl> At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "paragraph_answer": "England made its first successful efforts at the start of the 17th century for several reasons. During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of <hl> Queen Elizabeth <hl>. At this time, however, there was no official attempt by the English government to create a colonial empire. Rather, the motivation behind the founding of colonies was piecemeal and variable. Practical considerations, such as commercial enterprise, overpopulation and the desire for freedom of religion, played their parts. The main waves of settlement came in the 17th century. After 1700 most immigrants to Colonial America arrived as indentured servants\u2014young unmarried men and women seeking a new life in a much richer environment. Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. The first convicts to arrive pre-dated the arrival of the Mayflower.", "sentence_answer": "During this era, English proto-nationalism and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of Protestant militarism and the energy of <hl> Queen Elizabeth <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6625ba2b22cd4dfcfbda07"}
{"question": "What replaced the Ali Sami Yen Stadium?", "paragraph": "Many of Istanbul's sports facilities have been built or upgraded since 2000 to bolster the city's bids for the Summer Olympic Games. Atat\u00fcrk Olympic Stadium, the largest multi-purpose stadium in Turkey, was completed in 2002 as an IAAF first-class venue for track and field. The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final and remains the home field of \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor. \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Saraco\u011flu Stadium, Fenerbah\u00e7e's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion, and T\u00fcrk Telekom Arena opened in 2011 to replace Ali Sami Yen Stadium as Galatasaray's home turf. All three stadiums are elite Category 4 (formerly five-star) UEFA stadiums.[f]", "answer": "T\u00fcrk Telekom Arena", "sentence": "\u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Saraco\u011flu Stadium, Fenerbah\u00e7e's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion, and T\u00fcrk Telekom Arena opened in 2011 to replace Ali Sami Yen Stadium as Galatasaray's home turf.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many of Istanbul's sports facilities have been built or upgraded since 2000 to bolster the city's bids for the Summer Olympic Games. Atat\u00fcrk Olympic Stadium, the largest multi-purpose stadium in Turkey, was completed in 2002 as an IAAF first-class venue for track and field. The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final and remains the home field of \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor. <hl> \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Saraco\u011flu Stadium, Fenerbah\u00e7e's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion, and T\u00fcrk Telekom Arena opened in 2011 to replace Ali Sami Yen Stadium as Galatasaray's home turf. <hl> All three stadiums are elite Category 4 (formerly five-star) UEFA stadiums.[f]", "paragraph_answer": "Many of Istanbul's sports facilities have been built or upgraded since 2000 to bolster the city's bids for the Summer Olympic Games. Atat\u00fcrk Olympic Stadium, the largest multi-purpose stadium in Turkey, was completed in 2002 as an IAAF first-class venue for track and field. The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final and remains the home field of \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor. \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Saraco\u011flu Stadium, Fenerbah\u00e7e's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion, and <hl> T\u00fcrk Telekom Arena <hl> opened in 2011 to replace Ali Sami Yen Stadium as Galatasaray's home turf. All three stadiums are elite Category 4 (formerly five-star) UEFA stadiums.[f]", "sentence_answer": "\u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Saraco\u011flu Stadium, Fenerbah\u00e7e's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion, and <hl> T\u00fcrk Telekom Arena <hl> opened in 2011 to replace Ali Sami Yen Stadium as Galatasaray's home turf.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f14c2b22cd4dfcfbd361"}
{"question": "How many members are in the facebook-coordinated volunteer group, H.O.P.E.?", "paragraph": "Many programs that are designed to assist the homeless population have incorporated some type of housing program for their clients. Whether it is a transitional, permanent or even emergency housing program, the assistance is often provided for a very low cost and maybe even free. In the United States each year, there are around 3.5 million people who live their lives without shelter or a stable occupation. For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. As one example, Volunteers of America is an agency that believes preventing family homelessness is a critical part of their organization. Through them, transitional housing and emergency shelters are available to those who are in desperate need. There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800-member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "answer": "800", "sentence": "There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800 -member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many programs that are designed to assist the homeless population have incorporated some type of housing program for their clients. Whether it is a transitional, permanent or even emergency housing program, the assistance is often provided for a very low cost and maybe even free. In the United States each year, there are around 3.5 million people who live their lives without shelter or a stable occupation. For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. As one example, Volunteers of America is an agency that believes preventing family homelessness is a critical part of their organization. Through them, transitional housing and emergency shelters are available to those who are in desperate need. <hl> There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated 800 -member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Many programs that are designed to assist the homeless population have incorporated some type of housing program for their clients. Whether it is a transitional, permanent or even emergency housing program, the assistance is often provided for a very low cost and maybe even free. In the United States each year, there are around 3.5 million people who live their lives without shelter or a stable occupation. For 2006 alone, $28.5 billion was allotted to homeless programs ran through HUD (Housing and Urban Development), $1 billion was given for Section 8 housing, and $1.4 billion was used for Homeless Assistance Grants. As one example, Volunteers of America is an agency that believes preventing family homelessness is a critical part of their organization. Through them, transitional housing and emergency shelters are available to those who are in desperate need. There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated <hl> 800 <hl>-member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "sentence_answer": "There have been instances in which volunteer support networks have sprung into place which communicate via the Internet; for example, a Facebook-coordinated <hl> 800 <hl> -member volunteer group named Helping Other People Everyday, or H.O.P.E., rallied to support a man who had been homeless for four years; within a month, the formerly homeless man got medical care, new clothes, a cane, a haircut, meals and a train ticket to be reunited with his daughter.", "paragraph_id": "5d6662ac2b22cd4dfcfbdd49"}
{"question": "Which school does not follow this model?", "paragraph": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed. They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. However, as of 2009, Tel Aviv University has introduced a four-year program similar to the US system for students with a bachelor's degree in certain biological sciences. The entrance requirements of the various schools of medicine are very strict. Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740. The demand for medical education is strong and growing and there is a lack of doctors in Israel. The Technion Medical School, Ben Gurion University, and Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine offer 4-year MD programs for American students who have American college degrees and have taken the MCAT interested in completing rigorous medical education in Israel before returning to the US or Canada. The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "answer": "Bar-Ilan University", "sentence": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the Bar-Ilan University in Safed. <hl> They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. However, as of 2009, Tel Aviv University has introduced a four-year program similar to the US system for students with a bachelor's degree in certain biological sciences. The entrance requirements of the various schools of medicine are very strict. Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740. The demand for medical education is strong and growing and there is a lack of doctors in Israel. The Technion Medical School, Ben Gurion University, and Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine offer 4-year MD programs for American students who have American college degrees and have taken the MCAT interested in completing rigorous medical education in Israel before returning to the US or Canada. The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "paragraph_answer": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the <hl> Bar-Ilan University <hl> in Safed. They all follow the European 6-year model except Bar-Ilan University who has a four-year program similar to the US system. However, as of 2009, Tel Aviv University has introduced a four-year program similar to the US system for students with a bachelor's degree in certain biological sciences. The entrance requirements of the various schools of medicine are very strict. Israeli students require a high school Baccalaureate average above 100 and psychometric examination grade over 740. The demand for medical education is strong and growing and there is a lack of doctors in Israel. The Technion Medical School, Ben Gurion University, and Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine offer 4-year MD programs for American students who have American college degrees and have taken the MCAT interested in completing rigorous medical education in Israel before returning to the US or Canada. The degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) is legally considered to be equivalent to master's degree due to Israeli Educational System .", "sentence_answer": "There are five university medical schools in Israel, including the Technion in Haifa, Ben Gurion University in Be'er Sheva, Tel Aviv University, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and the Medical school of the <hl> Bar-Ilan University <hl> in Safed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6681912b22cd4dfcfbe119"}
{"question": "Mao led which country?", "paragraph": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism. In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as Maoism)  increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). After the death of Mao on 1976, Peruvian Maoists associated with the Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso)  coined the term Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism, arguing that Maoism was a more advanced stage of Marxism.", "answer": "China", "sentence": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism. <hl> In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as Maoism) increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). After the death of Mao on 1976, Peruvian Maoists associated with the Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso) coined the term Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism, arguing that Maoism was a more advanced stage of Marxism.", "paragraph_answer": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of <hl> China <hl> each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism. In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as Maoism) increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). After the death of Mao on 1976, Peruvian Maoists associated with the Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso) coined the term Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism, arguing that Maoism was a more advanced stage of Marxism.", "sentence_answer": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of <hl> China <hl> each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism.", "paragraph_id": "5d672ad12b22cd4dfcfbf155"}
{"question": "How have the Andes not have constant rise?", "paragraph": "The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. It continued through the Jurassic Period. It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "answer": "different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "sentence": "The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion.", "paragraph_sentence": "The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. It continued through the Jurassic Period. It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. <hl> The rise of the Andes has not been constant and different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The formation of the modern Andes began with the events of the Triassic when Pangaea began to break up and several rifts developed. It continued through the Jurassic Period. It was during the Cretaceous Period that the Andes began to take their present form, by the uplifting, faulting and folding of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of the ancient cratons to the east. The rise of the Andes has not been constant and <hl> different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "The rise of the Andes has not been constant and <hl> different regions have had different degrees of tectonic stress, uplift, and erosion. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6599392b22cd4dfcfbca7f"}
{"question": "State universities in Michigan have spcecial status comparable to which entity?", "paragraph": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality. That is, as bodies corporate, they operate as though they were municipalities, but they have autonomy from legislative and executive control. Each university has a board which is the sole legislative body for the campuses they control. These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards. The boards are responsible for all public services, e.g. policing, and fire protection. They often contract with the city they are located in for these services, but all have their own police departments.", "answer": "metropolitan municipality", "sentence": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of metropolitan municipality . <hl> That is, as bodies corporate, they operate as though they were municipalities, but they have autonomy from legislative and executive control. Each university has a board which is the sole legislative body for the campuses they control. These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards. The boards are responsible for all public services, e.g. policing, and fire protection. They often contract with the city they are located in for these services, but all have their own police departments.", "paragraph_answer": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of <hl> metropolitan municipality <hl>. That is, as bodies corporate, they operate as though they were municipalities, but they have autonomy from legislative and executive control. Each university has a board which is the sole legislative body for the campuses they control. These campuses are independent of all state laws, and under the sole control of the boards. The boards are responsible for all public services, e.g. policing, and fire protection. They often contract with the city they are located in for these services, but all have their own police departments.", "sentence_answer": "In Michigan, the state universities are constitutionally autonomous jurisdictions, possessed of a special status somewhat equivalent to that of <hl> metropolitan municipality <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6759322b22cd4dfcfbf7da"}
{"question": "How large is the auditorium (in acres)?", "paragraph": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2). It has housing and working quarters to accommodate a self-sufficiency of life. The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. Chakravyuha taken from the Mahabharat epic had won Fringe Firsts Award, 1987 at the Edinburgh International Theater Festival. Chakravyuha deals with the story of Abhimanyu (son of Arjun) of his last battle and approaching death, whereas Uttarpriyadashi is an 80-minute exposition of Emperor Ashoka's redemption.[citation needed]", "answer": "2 acres", "sentence": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2). <hl> It has housing and working quarters to accommodate a self-sufficiency of life. The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. Chakravyuha taken from the Mahabharat epic had won Fringe Firsts Award, 1987 at the Edinburgh International Theater Festival. Chakravyuha deals with the story of Abhimanyu (son of Arjun) of his last battle and approaching death, whereas Uttarpriyadashi is an 80-minute exposition of Emperor Ashoka's redemption.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about <hl> 2 acres <hl> (8,100 m2). It has housing and working quarters to accommodate a self-sufficiency of life. The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. Chakravyuha taken from the Mahabharat epic had won Fringe Firsts Award, 1987 at the Edinburgh International Theater Festival. Chakravyuha deals with the story of Abhimanyu (son of Arjun) of his last battle and approaching death, whereas Uttarpriyadashi is an 80-minute exposition of Emperor Ashoka's redemption.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about <hl> 2 acres <hl> (8,100 m2).", "paragraph_id": "5d6788912b22cd4dfcfbfe12"}
{"question": "Who took over administration of the London interbank offered rate?", "paragraph": "Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown. In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "answer": "NYSE Euronext", "sentence": "In July 2013, NYSE Euronext , the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown. <hl> In July 2013, NYSE Euronext , the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Lower Manhattan is home to the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall share trading value and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. The NYSE MKT (formerly the American Stock Exchange, AMEX), New York Board of Trade, and the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) are also located downtown. In July 2013, <hl> NYSE Euronext <hl>, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "sentence_answer": "In July 2013, <hl> NYSE Euronext <hl> , the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association.", "paragraph_id": "5d6846c72b22cd4dfcfc06aa"}
{"question": "What can we do with second-order logic that can uniquely characterize all the natural numbers and the real line?", "paragraph": "Second-order logic with full semantics is more expressive than first-order logic. For example, it is possible to create axiom systems in second-order logic that uniquely characterize the natural numbers and the real line. The cost of this expressiveness is that second-order and higher-order logics have fewer attractive metalogical properties than first-order logic. For example, the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and compactness theorem of first-order logic become false when generalized to higher-order logics with full semantics.", "answer": "axiom systems", "sentence": "For example, it is possible to create axiom systems in second-order logic that uniquely characterize the natural numbers and the real line.", "paragraph_sentence": "Second-order logic with full semantics is more expressive than first-order logic. <hl> For example, it is possible to create axiom systems in second-order logic that uniquely characterize the natural numbers and the real line. <hl> The cost of this expressiveness is that second-order and higher-order logics have fewer attractive metalogical properties than first-order logic. For example, the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and compactness theorem of first-order logic become false when generalized to higher-order logics with full semantics.", "paragraph_answer": "Second-order logic with full semantics is more expressive than first-order logic. For example, it is possible to create <hl> axiom systems <hl> in second-order logic that uniquely characterize the natural numbers and the real line. The cost of this expressiveness is that second-order and higher-order logics have fewer attractive metalogical properties than first-order logic. For example, the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem and compactness theorem of first-order logic become false when generalized to higher-order logics with full semantics.", "sentence_answer": "For example, it is possible to create <hl> axiom systems <hl> in second-order logic that uniquely characterize the natural numbers and the real line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6673002b22cd4dfcfbdf6d"}
{"question": "what is the meaning of the abbreviation NCH?", "paragraph": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "answer": "National Coalition for the Homeless", "sentence": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. <hl> In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the <hl> National Coalition for the Homeless <hl> (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "sentence_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the <hl> National Coalition for the Homeless <hl> (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672fc2b22cd4dfcfbdf62"}
{"question": "When did the Smithsonian Institution first gain access to the Star Spangled Banner Flag?", "paragraph": "In 1907 Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead\n(the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. Appleton donated the flag with the wish that it would always be on view to the public. In 1994, the National Museum of American History determined that the Star Spangled Banner Flag required further conservation treatment to remain on public display. In 1998 teams of museum conservators, curators, and other specialists helped move the flag from its home in the Museum's Flag Hall into a new conservation laboratory. Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes.", "answer": "1907", "sentence": "In 1907 Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead\n(the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1907 Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead (the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. <hl> Appleton donated the flag with the wish that it would always be on view to the public. In 1994, the National Museum of American History determined that the Star Spangled Banner Flag required further conservation treatment to remain on public display. In 1998 teams of museum conservators, curators, and other specialists helped move the flag from its home in the Museum's Flag Hall into a new conservation laboratory. Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1907 <hl> Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead (the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift. Appleton donated the flag with the wish that it would always be on view to the public. In 1994, the National Museum of American History determined that the Star Spangled Banner Flag required further conservation treatment to remain on public display. In 1998 teams of museum conservators, curators, and other specialists helped move the flag from its home in the Museum's Flag Hall into a new conservation laboratory. Following the reopening of the National Museum of American History on November 21, 2008, the flag is now on display in a special exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem,\" where it rests at a 10 degree angle in dim light for conservation purposes.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1907 <hl> Eben Appleton, New York stockbroker and grandson of Lieutenant Colonel George Armistead (the commander of Fort McHenry during the 1814 bombardment) lent the Star Spangled Banner Flag to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 he converted the loan to a gift.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c49b2b22cd4dfcfbcc56"}
{"question": "What takes place at the end of the first year in the Medical University?", "paragraph": "Right after graduating from high school with a Baccalaureat, any student can register at a university of medicine (there are about 30 of them throughout the country). At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. Passing first year is commonly considered as challenging and requires hard and continuous work. Each student can only try twice. For example, the Universit\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Descartes welcomes about 2,000 students in first year and only 300 after numerus clausus.", "answer": "an internal ranking examination", "sentence": "At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus.", "paragraph_sentence": "Right after graduating from high school with a Baccalaureat, any student can register at a university of medicine (there are about 30 of them throughout the country). <hl> At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. <hl> First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. Passing first year is commonly considered as challenging and requires hard and continuous work. Each student can only try twice. For example, the Universit\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Descartes welcomes about 2,000 students in first year and only 300 after numerus clausus.", "paragraph_answer": "Right after graduating from high school with a Baccalaureat, any student can register at a university of medicine (there are about 30 of them throughout the country). At the end of first year, <hl> an internal ranking examination <hl> takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. Passing first year is commonly considered as challenging and requires hard and continuous work. Each student can only try twice. For example, the Universit\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Descartes welcomes about 2,000 students in first year and only 300 after numerus clausus.", "sentence_answer": "At the end of first year, <hl> an internal ranking examination <hl> takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus.", "paragraph_id": "5d6639582b22cd4dfcfbdb14"}
{"question": "What balance should be studied for the analysis of operations?", "paragraph": "Analysis of operations\nProject and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively.  Governments deciding to privatize functions must decide which are best privatized. Existing types of decentralization must be studied. The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied. Training for both national and local managers and officials is necessary, as well as technical assistance in the planning, financing, and management of decentralized functions.", "answer": "centralization and decentralization", "sentence": "The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied.", "paragraph_sentence": "Analysis of operations Project and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively. Governments deciding to privatize functions must decide which are best privatized. Existing types of decentralization must be studied. <hl> The appropriate balance of centralization and decentralization should be studied. <hl> Training for both national and local managers and officials is necessary, as well as technical assistance in the planning, financing, and management of decentralized functions.", "paragraph_answer": "Analysis of operations Project and program planners must assess the lowest organizational level at which functions can be carried out efficiently and effectively. Governments deciding to privatize functions must decide which are best privatized. Existing types of decentralization must be studied. The appropriate balance of <hl> centralization and decentralization <hl> should be studied. Training for both national and local managers and officials is necessary, as well as technical assistance in the planning, financing, and management of decentralized functions.", "sentence_answer": "The appropriate balance of <hl> centralization and decentralization <hl> should be studied.", "paragraph_id": "5d6674522b22cd4dfcfbdf94"}
{"question": "What percentage of homeless population were minorites in 1986?", "paragraph": "According to the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the demand for emergency shelter in 270 U.S. cities increased 13 percent in 2001 and 25 percent in 2005. 22 percent of those requesting emergency shelter were turned away.\nTraditionally single men have constituted the majority of the homeless. In the 1980s there was a sharp rise in the number of homeless families in certain parts of the United States; notably New York City.[citation needed] Most homeless families consist of a single mother and children. A significant number of homeless people are teenagers and young adults, mostly runaways or street children. A 1960 survey by Temple University of Philadelphia's poor neighborhoods found that 75 percent of the homeless were over 45 years old, and 87 percent were white. In 1986, 86 percent were under age 45, and 87 percent were minorities.", "answer": "87 percent", "sentence": "A 1960 survey by Temple University of Philadelphia's poor neighborhoods found that 75 percent of the homeless were over 45 years old, and 87 percent were white.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the demand for emergency shelter in 270 U.S. cities increased 13 percent in 2001 and 25 percent in 2005. 22 percent of those requesting emergency shelter were turned away. Traditionally single men have constituted the majority of the homeless. In the 1980s there was a sharp rise in the number of homeless families in certain parts of the United States; notably New York City.[citation needed] Most homeless families consist of a single mother and children. A significant number of homeless people are teenagers and young adults, mostly runaways or street children. <hl> A 1960 survey by Temple University of Philadelphia's poor neighborhoods found that 75 percent of the homeless were over 45 years old, and 87 percent were white. <hl> In 1986, 86 percent were under age 45, and 87 percent were minorities.", "paragraph_answer": "According to the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the demand for emergency shelter in 270 U.S. cities increased 13 percent in 2001 and 25 percent in 2005. 22 percent of those requesting emergency shelter were turned away. Traditionally single men have constituted the majority of the homeless. In the 1980s there was a sharp rise in the number of homeless families in certain parts of the United States; notably New York City.[citation needed] Most homeless families consist of a single mother and children. A significant number of homeless people are teenagers and young adults, mostly runaways or street children. A 1960 survey by Temple University of Philadelphia's poor neighborhoods found that 75 percent of the homeless were over 45 years old, and <hl> 87 percent <hl> were white. In 1986, 86 percent were under age 45, and 87 percent were minorities.", "sentence_answer": "A 1960 survey by Temple University of Philadelphia's poor neighborhoods found that 75 percent of the homeless were over 45 years old, and <hl> 87 percent <hl> were white.", "paragraph_id": "5d661db82b22cd4dfcfbd92c"}
{"question": "Which type of forces do catenary constructs bear via deflection?", "paragraph": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always cable or fabric structures. A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "answer": "transverse", "sentence": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). <hl> They are almost always cable or fabric structures. A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "paragraph_answer": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry <hl> transverse <hl> forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always cable or fabric structures. A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "sentence_answer": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry <hl> transverse <hl> forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it).", "paragraph_id": "5d6762ec2b22cd4dfcfbf975"}
{"question": "Did things get better in Roosevelt's second term?", "paragraph": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "answer": "everything went awry", "sentence": "Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. <hl> Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but everything went awry in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. <hl> Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "paragraph_answer": "The Republican Party split into a majority \"Old Right\" (based in the Midwest) and a liberal wing based in the Northeast that supported much of the New Deal. The Old Right sharply attacked the \"Second New Deal\" and said it represented class warfare and socialism. Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but <hl> everything went awry <hl> in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party. Republicans made a major comeback in the 1938 elections, and had new rising stars such as Robert A. Taft of Ohio on the right and Thomas E. Dewey of New York on the left. Southern conservatives joined with most Republicans to form the conservative coalition, which dominated domestic issues in Congress until 1964. Both parties split on foreign policy issues, with the anti-war isolationists dominant in the Republican Party and the interventionists who wanted to stop Hitler dominant in the Democratic party. Roosevelt won a third and fourth term in 1940 and 1944. Conservatives abolished most of the New Deal during the war, but did not attempt to reverse Social Security or the agencies that regulated business.", "sentence_answer": "Roosevelt was reelected in a landslide in 1936 but <hl> everything went awry <hl> in his second term, as the economy plunged, strikes soared, and FDR failed to take control of the Supreme Court or to purge the Southern conservatives in the Democratic party.", "paragraph_id": "5d6741d02b22cd4dfcfbf422"}
{"question": "What world organization fights for cardiovascular disease awareness?", "paragraph": "It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue.", "answer": "World Heart Federation", "sentence": "Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. <hl> Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the <hl> World Heart Federation <hl> to raise awareness about this issue.", "sentence_answer": "Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the <hl> World Heart Federation <hl> to raise awareness about this issue.", "paragraph_id": "5d6682db2b22cd4dfcfbe14d"}
{"question": "Which theory involving infinite model cannot be categorical?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain.  Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "answer": "first-order", "sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. <hl> In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a <hl> first-order <hl> theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "sentence_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a <hl> first-order <hl> theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e16d2b22cd4dfcfbe4ef"}
{"question": "How many major rules limit the movement of puck in the game of hockey?", "paragraph": "The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself. Under many situations, a player may not \"ice the puck\", shoot the puck all the way across both the centre line and the opponent's goal line. The puck goes \"out of play\" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the ice rink (onto the player benches, over the \"glass,\" or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the ice surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink.", "answer": "three major", "sentence": "The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The three major rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. <hl> A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself. Under many situations, a player may not \"ice the puck\", shoot the puck all the way across both the centre line and the opponent's goal line. The puck goes \"out of play\" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the ice rink (onto the player benches, over the \"glass,\" or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the ice surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> three major <hl> rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play. A player is \"offside\" if he enters his opponent's zone before the puck itself. Under many situations, a player may not \"ice the puck\", shoot the puck all the way across both the centre line and the opponent's goal line. The puck goes \"out of play\" whenever it goes past the perimeter of the ice rink (onto the player benches, over the \"glass,\" or onto the protective netting above the glass) and a stoppage of play is called by the officials using whistles. It also does not matter if the puck comes back onto the ice surface from those areas as the puck is considered dead once it leaves the perimeter of the rink.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> three major <hl> rules of play in ice hockey that limit the movement of the puck: \"offside\", \"icing\", and the puck going out of play.", "paragraph_id": "5d6665ed2b22cd4dfcfbddd2"}
{"question": "How often is the Memorial cup held?", "paragraph": "There are also several annual tournaments for clubs, held outside of league play. Pre-season tournaments include the European Trophy, Tampere Cup and the Pajulahti Cup. One of the oldest international ice hockey competition for clubs is the Spengler Cup, held every year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas and New Year's Day. It was first awarded in 1923 to the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "answer": "annually", "sentence": "The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are also several annual tournaments for clubs, held outside of league play. Pre-season tournaments include the European Trophy, Tampere Cup and the Pajulahti Cup. One of the oldest international ice hockey competition for clubs is the Spengler Cup, held every year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas and New Year's Day. It was first awarded in 1923 to the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. <hl> The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held annually from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are also several annual tournaments for clubs, held outside of league play. Pre-season tournaments include the European Trophy, Tampere Cup and the Pajulahti Cup. One of the oldest international ice hockey competition for clubs is the Spengler Cup, held every year in Davos, Switzerland, between Christmas and New Year's Day. It was first awarded in 1923 to the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club. The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held <hl> annually <hl> from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The Memorial Cup, a competition for junior-level (age 20 and under) clubs is held <hl> annually <hl> from a pool of junior championship teams in Canada and the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5292b22cd4dfcfbd194"}
{"question": "When was the last time the US smelted tin?", "paragraph": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "answer": "1989", "sentence": "Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989 , it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "paragraph_sentence": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. <hl> Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989 , it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since <hl> 1989 <hl>, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "sentence_answer": "Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since <hl> 1989 <hl> , it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "paragraph_id": "5d677c152b22cd4dfcfbfd39"}
{"question": "What name typically comes after \"de?\"", "paragraph": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "answer": "husband's last name", "sentence": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". <hl> There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "paragraph_answer": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their <hl> husband's last name <hl> after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "sentence_answer": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their <hl> husband's last name <hl> after \"de\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67bde92b22cd4dfcfc0120"}
{"question": "What play was an infraction that stopped play?", "paragraph": "An additional rule that has never been a penalty, but was an infraction in the NHL before recent rules changes, is the \"two-line offside pass.\" Prior to the 2005\u201306 NHL season, play was stopped when a pass from inside a team's defending zone crossed the centre line, with a face-off held in the defending zone of the offending team. Now, the centre line is no longer used in the NHL to determine a two-line pass infraction, a change that the IIHF had adopted in 1998. Players are now able to pass to teammates who are more than the blue and centre ice red line away.", "answer": "two-line offside pass", "sentence": "An additional rule that has never been a penalty, but was an infraction in the NHL before recent rules changes, is the \" two-line offside pass .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> An additional rule that has never been a penalty, but was an infraction in the NHL before recent rules changes, is the \" two-line offside pass .\" <hl> Prior to the 2005\u201306 NHL season, play was stopped when a pass from inside a team's defending zone crossed the centre line, with a face-off held in the defending zone of the offending team. Now, the centre line is no longer used in the NHL to determine a two-line pass infraction, a change that the IIHF had adopted in 1998. Players are now able to pass to teammates who are more than the blue and centre ice red line away.", "paragraph_answer": "An additional rule that has never been a penalty, but was an infraction in the NHL before recent rules changes, is the \"<hl> two-line offside pass <hl>.\" Prior to the 2005\u201306 NHL season, play was stopped when a pass from inside a team's defending zone crossed the centre line, with a face-off held in the defending zone of the offending team. Now, the centre line is no longer used in the NHL to determine a two-line pass infraction, a change that the IIHF had adopted in 1998. Players are now able to pass to teammates who are more than the blue and centre ice red line away.", "sentence_answer": "An additional rule that has never been a penalty, but was an infraction in the NHL before recent rules changes, is the \" <hl> two-line offside pass <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d663a7a2b22cd4dfcfbdb28"}
{"question": "How many have been circulated in the Island of Ireland?", "paragraph": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "answer": "127,336", "sentence": "Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). <hl> Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. <hl> Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at <hl> 127,336 <hl> on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "sentence_answer": "Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at <hl> 127,336 <hl> on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic.", "paragraph_id": "5d674d7b2b22cd4dfcfbf5b0"}
{"question": "How long was Harold Evans an editor?", "paragraph": "Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "answer": "1967 until 1981", "sentence": "Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981 , established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Harold Evans, editor from 1967 until 1981 , established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. <hl> On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "paragraph_answer": "Harold Evans, editor from <hl> 1967 until 1981 <hl>, established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper. On 19 May 1968, the paper published its first major campaigning report on the drug Thalidomide, which had been reported by the Australian doctor William McBride in The Lancet in 1961 as associated with birth defects, and quickly withdrawn. The newspaper published a four-page Insight investigation, entitled The Thalidomide File, in the Weekly Review section. A compensation settlement for the UK victims was eventually reached with Distillers Company (now part of Diageo), which had distributed the drug in the UK.", "sentence_answer": "Harold Evans, editor from <hl> 1967 until 1981 <hl> , established The Sunday Times as a leading campaigning and investigative newspaper.", "paragraph_id": "5d67735b2b22cd4dfcfbfc2f"}
{"question": "What was New England's population in 1750?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island", "sentence": "As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). <hl> As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. <hl> This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in <hl> Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island <hl> continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "As colonists in <hl> Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island <hl> continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0692b22cd4dfcfbcb6b"}
{"question": "Where was the cultivation of crops such as bananas and sugarcane more favorable?", "paragraph": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world.  It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "answer": "the lowlands", "sentence": "This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier.", "paragraph_sentence": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. <hl> This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in the lowlands may have been even earlier. <hl> CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world. It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "paragraph_answer": "Evidence of drainage ditches at Kuk Swamp on the borders of the Western and Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea shows evidence of the cultivation of taro and a variety of other crops, dating back to 11,000 BP. Two potentially significant economic species, taro (Colocasia esculenta) and yam (Dioscorea sp.), have been identified dating at least to 10,200 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Further evidence of bananas and sugarcane dates to 6,950 to 6,440 BP. This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in <hl> the lowlands <hl> may have been even earlier. CSIRO has found evidence that taro was introduced into the Solomons for human use, from 28,000 years ago, making taro cultivation the earliest crop in the world. It seems to have resulted in the spread of the Trans\u2013New Guinea languages from New Guinea east into the Solomon Islands and west into Timor and adjacent areas of Indonesia. This seems to confirm the theories of Carl Sauer who, in \"Agricultural Origins and Dispersals\", suggested as early as 1952 that this region was a centre of early agriculture.", "sentence_answer": "This was at the altitudinal limits of these crops, and it has been suggested that cultivation in more favourable ranges in <hl> the lowlands <hl> may have been even earlier.", "paragraph_id": "5d6740f62b22cd4dfcfbf404"}
{"question": "What is another name that has been given to the repatriations at Bleiburg?", "paragraph": "The repatriations at Bleiburg (although scholars disagree on how many people died and no number has been officially recognized or agreed upon) of retreating columns of Chetnik and Slovene Home Guard troops, and soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and thousands of civilians heading or retreating towards Austria to surrender to western Allied forces, have been called a \"massacre\". The \"foibe massacres\" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) shot Italian fascists, and suspected collaborationists and/or separatists. According to a mixed Slovene-Italian historical commission established in 1993, which investigated only on what happened in places included in present-day Italy and Slovenia, the killings seemed to proceed from endeavors to remove persons linked with fascism (regardless of their personal responsibility), and endeavors to carry out mass executions of real, potential or only alleged opponents of the Communist government. The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. During this purge, a large number of civilians from the associated ethnic group were also killed.", "answer": "foibe massacres", "sentence": "The \" foibe massacres \" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals)", "paragraph_sentence": "The repatriations at Bleiburg (although scholars disagree on how many people died and no number has been officially recognized or agreed upon) of retreating columns of Chetnik and Slovene Home Guard troops, and soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and thousands of civilians heading or retreating towards Austria to surrender to western Allied forces, have been called a \"massacre\". <hl> The \" foibe massacres \" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) <hl> shot Italian fascists, and suspected collaborationists and/or separatists. According to a mixed Slovene-Italian historical commission established in 1993, which investigated only on what happened in places included in present-day Italy and Slovenia, the killings seemed to proceed from endeavors to remove persons linked with fascism (regardless of their personal responsibility), and endeavors to carry out mass executions of real, potential or only alleged opponents of the Communist government. The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. During this purge, a large number of civilians from the associated ethnic group were also killed.", "paragraph_answer": "The repatriations at Bleiburg (although scholars disagree on how many people died and no number has been officially recognized or agreed upon) of retreating columns of Chetnik and Slovene Home Guard troops, and soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and thousands of civilians heading or retreating towards Austria to surrender to western Allied forces, have been called a \"massacre\". The \"<hl> foibe massacres <hl>\" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) shot Italian fascists, and suspected collaborationists and/or separatists. According to a mixed Slovene-Italian historical commission established in 1993, which investigated only on what happened in places included in present-day Italy and Slovenia, the killings seemed to proceed from endeavors to remove persons linked with fascism (regardless of their personal responsibility), and endeavors to carry out mass executions of real, potential or only alleged opponents of the Communist government. The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. During this purge, a large number of civilians from the associated ethnic group were also killed.", "sentence_answer": "The \" <hl> foibe massacres <hl> \" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals)", "paragraph_id": "5d671fc22b22cd4dfcfbefeb"}
{"question": "In this case, what did the Fair Trading Act exempt from referral?", "paragraph": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "answer": "uneconomic businesses", "sentence": "Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral.", "paragraph_sentence": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981. <hl> Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. <hl> The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "paragraph_answer": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted <hl> uneconomic businesses <hl> from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "sentence_answer": "Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted <hl> uneconomic businesses <hl> from referral.", "paragraph_id": "5d6716df2b22cd4dfcfbeeec"}
{"question": "Why is private creation of standards better in some cases like public safety?", "paragraph": "Some argue that government standardisation in areas from  commodity market,  inspection and testing procurement bidding, Building codes, professional and vocational education, trade certification, safety, etc. are necessary.[citation needed]  Emmanuelle Auriol and Michel Benaim write about the \"comparative\nbenefits\" of decentralization versus government regulation in the setting of standards. They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "answer": "because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\"", "sentence": "They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some argue that government standardisation in areas from commodity market, inspection and testing procurement bidding, Building codes, professional and vocational education, trade certification, safety, etc. are necessary.[citation needed] Emmanuelle Auriol and Michel Benaim write about the \"comparative benefits\" of decentralization versus government regulation in the setting of standards. <hl> They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some argue that government standardisation in areas from commodity market, inspection and testing procurement bidding, Building codes, professional and vocational education, trade certification, safety, etc. are necessary.[citation needed] Emmanuelle Auriol and Michel Benaim write about the \"comparative benefits\" of decentralization versus government regulation in the setting of standards. They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better <hl> because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" <hl> As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "sentence_answer": "They find that while there may be a need for public regulation if public safety is at stake, private creation of standards usually is better <hl> because \"regulators or 'experts' might misrepresent consumers' tastes and needs.\" <hl> As long as companies are averse to incompatible standards, standards will be created that satisfy needs of a modern economy.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c56e2b22cd4dfcfbcc82"}
{"question": "In what season are thunderstorms most frequent in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Early spring (April) can range from cool to warm, while mid and late spring (May/early June) is warm to hot. Summer is hot and often humid throughout the state, with average highs in New London of 81 \u00b0F (27 \u00b0C) and 87 \u00b0F (31 \u00b0C) in Windsor Locks. Although summers are sunny in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick downpours with thunder and lighting. Thunderstorms are most frequent during the summer, occurring on average 30 times annually. These storms can be severe, and the state usually averages one tornado per year. During hurricane season, tropical cyclones occasionally affect the region. Fall months are mild and bring colorful foliage across northern parts of the state (the southern and coastal areas have more oak and hickory trees and fewer maples) in October and November.", "answer": "summer", "sentence": "Although summer s are sunny in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick downpours with thunder and lighting.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early spring (April) can range from cool to warm, while mid and late spring (May/early June) is warm to hot. Summer is hot and often humid throughout the state, with average highs in New London of 81 \u00b0F (27 \u00b0C) and 87 \u00b0F (31 \u00b0C) in Windsor Locks. <hl> Although summer s are sunny in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick downpours with thunder and lighting. <hl> Thunderstorms are most frequent during the summer, occurring on average 30 times annually. These storms can be severe, and the state usually averages one tornado per year. During hurricane season, tropical cyclones occasionally affect the region. Fall months are mild and bring colorful foliage across northern parts of the state (the southern and coastal areas have more oak and hickory trees and fewer maples) in October and November.", "paragraph_answer": "Early spring (April) can range from cool to warm, while mid and late spring (May/early June) is warm to hot. Summer is hot and often humid throughout the state, with average highs in New London of 81 \u00b0F (27 \u00b0C) and 87 \u00b0F (31 \u00b0C) in Windsor Locks. Although <hl> summer <hl>s are sunny in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick downpours with thunder and lighting. Thunderstorms are most frequent during the summer, occurring on average 30 times annually. These storms can be severe, and the state usually averages one tornado per year. During hurricane season, tropical cyclones occasionally affect the region. Fall months are mild and bring colorful foliage across northern parts of the state (the southern and coastal areas have more oak and hickory trees and fewer maples) in October and November.", "sentence_answer": "Although <hl> summer <hl> s are sunny in Connecticut, summer thunderstorms often bring quick downpours with thunder and lighting.", "paragraph_id": "5d66752b2b22cd4dfcfbdfce"}
{"question": "How much is the ratio among unaffiliated voters on the Republican side?", "paragraph": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party.", "answer": "for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party", "sentence": "As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party .", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. <hl> As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and <hl> for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and <hl> for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6680b52b22cd4dfcfbe0ed"}
{"question": "Mirror neurons fire in imitation of what?", "paragraph": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "answer": "the action being observed", "sentence": "The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed , causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. <hl> The neurons fire in imitation of the action being observed , causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. <hl> Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "paragraph_answer": "Mirror neurons are neurons in the brain that fire when another person is observed doing a certain action. The neurons fire in imitation of <hl> the action being observed <hl>, causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action. Research on mirror neurons, since their discovery in 1996, suggests that they may have a role to play not only in action understanding, but also in emotion sharing empathy. Cognitive neuro-scientist Jean Decety thinks that the ability to recognize and vicariously experience what another individual is undergoing was a key step forward in the evolution of social behavior, and ultimately, morality. The inability to feel empathy is one of the defining characteristics of psychopathy, and this would appear to lend support to Decety's view.", "sentence_answer": "The neurons fire in imitation of <hl> the action being observed <hl> , causing the same muscles to act minutely in the observer as are acting grossly in the person actually performing the action.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c502b22cd4dfcfbf575"}
{"question": "What is another name for personal or given name?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "first name", "sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\" first name \").", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\" first name \"). <hl> In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"<hl> first name <hl>\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "sentence_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\" <hl> first name <hl> \").", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1132b22cd4dfcfc046c"}
{"question": "What theory is the aciomatization of set theory?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. \nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. \nNo first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "answer": "Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel", "sentence": "\nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. <hl> Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. <hl> No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and <hl> Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel <hl> set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "sentence_answer": " Peano arithmetic and <hl> Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel <hl> set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b5262b22cd4dfcfbe41a"}
{"question": "What are territories called that are incorporated within the provisions of the constitution?", "paragraph": "The insular areas include a number of territories under the sovereignty of the United States and three sovereign nations in free association with the United States. Territories incorporated within the provisions of the U.S. Constitution are designated incorporated territories. Territories not so incorporated are designated \"unincorporated\". Territories may also be organized, if granted by an Organic Act of Congress or unorganized (without direct authorization of self-government by such an act).", "answer": "incorporated territories", "sentence": "Territories incorporated within the provisions of the U.S. Constitution are designated incorporated territories .", "paragraph_sentence": "The insular areas include a number of territories under the sovereignty of the United States and three sovereign nations in free association with the United States. <hl> Territories incorporated within the provisions of the U.S. Constitution are designated incorporated territories . <hl> Territories not so incorporated are designated \"unincorporated\". Territories may also be organized, if granted by an Organic Act of Congress or unorganized (without direct authorization of self-government by such an act).", "paragraph_answer": "The insular areas include a number of territories under the sovereignty of the United States and three sovereign nations in free association with the United States. Territories incorporated within the provisions of the U.S. Constitution are designated <hl> incorporated territories <hl>. Territories not so incorporated are designated \"unincorporated\". Territories may also be organized, if granted by an Organic Act of Congress or unorganized (without direct authorization of self-government by such an act).", "sentence_answer": "Territories incorporated within the provisions of the U.S. Constitution are designated <hl> incorporated territories <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676d632b22cd4dfcfbfb27"}
{"question": "What were sunken reliefs used for?", "paragraph": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "answer": "external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches", "sentence": "It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches .", "paragraph_sentence": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. <hl> It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches . <hl> The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "paragraph_answer": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on <hl> external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches <hl>. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "sentence_answer": "It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on <hl> external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d681f002b22cd4dfcfc05c7"}
{"question": "Who has been the governor of Istanbul Province since 2010?", "paragraph": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "answer": "H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu", "sentence": "H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. <hl> H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. <hl> H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu <hl> has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu <hl> has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eaa12b22cd4dfcfbd280"}
{"question": "What did the FAS 113 and SAP 62 fail to define?", "paragraph": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant. Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater.  Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance.  Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \"10/10\" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "answer": "reasonable or significant", "sentence": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant . <hl> Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater. Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance. Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \"10/10\" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "paragraph_answer": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms <hl> reasonable or significant <hl>. Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater. Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that at least a 10 percent chance of at least a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance. Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this \"10/10\" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.", "sentence_answer": "Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms <hl> reasonable or significant <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c7d92b22cd4dfcfbcd06"}
{"question": "What started off as the maternal surname in Paz y Mi\u00f1o?", "paragraph": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o. This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world, since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname. Although Mi\u00f1o did start off as the maternal surname in this compound surname, it was many generations ago, around five centuries, that it became compounded, and henceforth inherited and passed on as a compound.", "answer": "Mi\u00f1o", "sentence": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y- Mi\u00f1o .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y- Mi\u00f1o . <hl> This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world, since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname. Although Mi\u00f1o did start off as the maternal surname in this compound surname, it was many generations ago, around five centuries, that it became compounded, and henceforth inherited and passed on as a compound.", "paragraph_answer": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y-<hl> Mi\u00f1o <hl>. This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world, since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname. Although Mi\u00f1o did start off as the maternal surname in this compound surname, it was many generations ago, around five centuries, that it became compounded, and henceforth inherited and passed on as a compound.", "sentence_answer": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y- <hl> Mi\u00f1o <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676cc02b22cd4dfcfbfb0d"}
{"question": "How many officials enforce the rules of the game?", "paragraph": "A typical game of hockey is governed by two to four officials on the ice, charged with enforcing the rules of the game. There are typically two linesmen who are mainly responsible for calling \"offside\" and \"icing\" violations, breaking up fights, and conducting faceoffs, and one or two referees, who call goals and all other penalties. Linesmen can, however, report to the referee(s) that a penalty should be assessed against an offending player in some situations. The restrictions on this practice vary depending on the governing rules. On-ice officials are assisted by off-ice officials who act as goal judges, time keepers, and official scorers.", "answer": "two to four", "sentence": "A typical game of hockey is governed by two to four officials on the ice, charged with enforcing the rules of the game.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A typical game of hockey is governed by two to four officials on the ice, charged with enforcing the rules of the game. <hl> There are typically two linesmen who are mainly responsible for calling \"offside\" and \"icing\" violations, breaking up fights, and conducting faceoffs, and one or two referees, who call goals and all other penalties. Linesmen can, however, report to the referee(s) that a penalty should be assessed against an offending player in some situations. The restrictions on this practice vary depending on the governing rules. On-ice officials are assisted by off-ice officials who act as goal judges, time keepers, and official scorers.", "paragraph_answer": "A typical game of hockey is governed by <hl> two to four <hl> officials on the ice, charged with enforcing the rules of the game. There are typically two linesmen who are mainly responsible for calling \"offside\" and \"icing\" violations, breaking up fights, and conducting faceoffs, and one or two referees, who call goals and all other penalties. Linesmen can, however, report to the referee(s) that a penalty should be assessed against an offending player in some situations. The restrictions on this practice vary depending on the governing rules. On-ice officials are assisted by off-ice officials who act as goal judges, time keepers, and official scorers.", "sentence_answer": "A typical game of hockey is governed by <hl> two to four <hl> officials on the ice, charged with enforcing the rules of the game.", "paragraph_id": "5d675bcb2b22cd4dfcfbf842"}
{"question": "What is Chlamydophila pneumoniae?", "paragraph": "Some areas currently being researched include the possible links between infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae (a major cause of pneumonia) and coronary artery disease. The Chlamydia link has become less plausible with the absence of improvement after antibiotic use.", "answer": "a major cause of pneumonia", "sentence": "Some areas currently being researched include the possible links between infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae ( a major cause of pneumonia )", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some areas currently being researched include the possible links between infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae ( a major cause of pneumonia ) <hl> and coronary artery disease. The Chlamydia link has become less plausible with the absence of improvement after antibiotic use.", "paragraph_answer": "Some areas currently being researched include the possible links between infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae (<hl> a major cause of pneumonia <hl>) and coronary artery disease. The Chlamydia link has become less plausible with the absence of improvement after antibiotic use.", "sentence_answer": "Some areas currently being researched include the possible links between infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae ( <hl> a major cause of pneumonia <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d6664922b22cd4dfcfbdd9c"}
{"question": "In what city did the beating of 2 homeless men occur?", "paragraph": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque.", "answer": "Albuquerque", "sentence": "In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque .", "paragraph_sentence": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. <hl> In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in Albuquerque . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Various studies and surveys indicate that homeless people have a much higher criminal victimization rate than the non-homeless, but that most incidents never get reported to authorities. A 2007 study found that the number of violent crimes against the homeless is increasing. In 2013 there were 109 attacks on homeless people, a 24 per cent increase on the previous year, according to the NCH. Eighteen people died as a result of the attacks. In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in <hl> Albuquerque <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In July 2014 three boys 15, 16 and 18, were arrested and charged with beating to death two homeless men with bricks and a metal pole in <hl> Albuquerque <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6607142b22cd4dfcfbd60c"}
{"question": "Sony released what Li-ion batteries in the late 2000s?", "paragraph": "Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal and it makes it a potentially attractive material. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges in employing it in commercial cells. The problem was partially solved by Sony. Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's. The composition of the active materials is close to Sn0.3Co0.4C0.3. Recent research showed that only some crystalline facets of tetragonal (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "answer": "Nexelion cells", "sentence": "Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal and it makes it a potentially attractive material. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges in employing it in commercial cells. The problem was partially solved by Sony. <hl> Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its Nexelion cells released in late 2000's. <hl> The composition of the active materials is close to Sn0.3Co0.4C0.3. Recent research showed that only some crystalline facets of tetragonal (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal and it makes it a potentially attractive material. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges in employing it in commercial cells. The problem was partially solved by Sony. Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its <hl> Nexelion cells <hl> released in late 2000's. The composition of the active materials is close to Sn0.3Co0.4C0.3. Recent research showed that only some crystalline facets of tetragonal (beta) Sn are responsible for undesirable electrochemical activity.", "sentence_answer": "Tin inter-metallic compound with cobalt, mixed with carbon, has been implemented by Sony in its <hl> Nexelion cells <hl> released in late 2000's.", "paragraph_id": "5d674c572b22cd4dfcfbf57f"}
{"question": "The naming convention of parents names used in their child's name is shared by cultures such as that of Norway, Spain, Portugal and which other culture?", "paragraph": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "answer": "English", "sentence": "This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. <hl> This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in English (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Icelandic system, formerly used in much of Scandinavia, does not use family names. A person's last name indicates the first name of his or her father (patronymic) or in some cases mother (matronymic). Many common family names in other Scandinavian countries are a result of this naming practice, such as Hansen (son of Hans), Johansen (son of Johan) and Olsen (son of Ole/Ola), the three most common surnames in Norway. This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in <hl> English <hl> (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "sentence_answer": "This also occurs in other cultures: Spanish and Portuguese (L\u00f3pez or Lopes, son of Lopo; \u00c1lvarez or \u00c1lvares, son of \u00c1lvaro; Dom\u00ednguez or Domingues, son of Domingo or Domingos; etc.); in <hl> English <hl> (Johnson, son of John; Richardson, son of Richard), etc.", "paragraph_id": "5d6738e02b22cd4dfcfbf2e8"}
{"question": "How many salves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies?", "paragraph": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "answer": "half the slaves", "sentence": "Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. <hl> Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Between 1500 and 1700, over 60% of the 6 million people who were brought or traveled to the New World were involuntary slaves. In 1700, there were about 9,600 slaves in the Chesapeake region and a few hundred in the Carolinas. About 170,000 more Africans were forcibly brought over during the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. The first post-colonial Census found 697,681 slaves and 59,527 free blacks, who together made up about 20% of the country's population. Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while <hl> half the slaves <hl> in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while <hl> half the slaves <hl> in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d667a392b22cd4dfcfbe058"}
{"question": "What is the name for a system that tells how to compute the output for a given input?", "paragraph": "Functions of various kinds are \"the central objects of investigation\" in most fields of modern mathematics. There are many ways to describe or represent a function. Some functions may be defined by a formula or algorithm that tells how to compute the output for a given input. Others are given by a picture, called the graph of the function. In science, functions are sometimes defined by a table that gives the outputs for selected inputs. A function could be described implicitly, for example as the inverse to another function or as a solution of a differential equation.", "answer": "a formula or algorithm", "sentence": "Some functions may be defined by a formula or algorithm that tells how to compute the output for a given input.", "paragraph_sentence": "Functions of various kinds are \"the central objects of investigation\" in most fields of modern mathematics. There are many ways to describe or represent a function. <hl> Some functions may be defined by a formula or algorithm that tells how to compute the output for a given input. <hl> Others are given by a picture, called the graph of the function. In science, functions are sometimes defined by a table that gives the outputs for selected inputs. A function could be described implicitly, for example as the inverse to another function or as a solution of a differential equation.", "paragraph_answer": "Functions of various kinds are \"the central objects of investigation\" in most fields of modern mathematics. There are many ways to describe or represent a function. Some functions may be defined by <hl> a formula or algorithm <hl> that tells how to compute the output for a given input. Others are given by a picture, called the graph of the function. In science, functions are sometimes defined by a table that gives the outputs for selected inputs. A function could be described implicitly, for example as the inverse to another function or as a solution of a differential equation.", "sentence_answer": "Some functions may be defined by <hl> a formula or algorithm <hl> that tells how to compute the output for a given input.", "paragraph_id": "5d6683662b22cd4dfcfbe161"}
{"question": "What damaged Oxford in 1066?", "paragraph": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious  \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "answer": "the Norman Invasion", "sentence": "Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Oxford was heavily damaged during the Norman Invasion of 1066. <hl> Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "paragraph_answer": "Oxford was heavily damaged during <hl> the Norman Invasion <hl> of 1066. Following the conquest, the town was assigned to a governor, Robert D'Oyly, who ordered the construction of Oxford Castle to confirm Norman authority over the area. The castle has never been used for military purposes[dubious \u2013 discuss] and its remains survive to this day. D'Oyly set up a monastic community in the castle consisting of a chapel and living quarters for monks (St George in the Castle). The community never grew large but it earned its place in history as one of Britain's oldest places of formal education. It was there that in 1139 Geoffrey of Monmouth wrote his History of the Kings of Britain, a compilation of Arthurian legends.", "sentence_answer": "Oxford was heavily damaged during <hl> the Norman Invasion <hl> of 1066.", "paragraph_id": "5d6736552b22cd4dfcfbf2a2"}
{"question": "What system benefits from restrictions by making results easier to prove?", "paragraph": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "answer": "deductive", "sentence": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. <hl> The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in <hl> deductive <hl> systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "sentence_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in <hl> deductive <hl> systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e69f2b22cd4dfcfbe505"}
{"question": "What are the purpose of axons?", "paragraph": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically. These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "answer": "specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials", "sentence": "These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons ( specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials ) \u2013", "paragraph_sentence": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically. <hl> These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons ( specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials ) \u2013 <hl> and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "paragraph_answer": "The fundamental questions addressed in cellular neuroscience include the mechanisms of how neurons process signals physiologically and electrochemically. These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (<hl> specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials <hl>) \u2013 and somas (the cell bodies of the neurons containing the nucleus), and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Another major area of neuroscience is directed at investigations of the development of the nervous system. These questions include the patterning and regionalization of the nervous system, neural stem cells, differentiation of neurons and glia, neuronal migration, axonal and dendritic development, trophic interactions, and synapse formation.", "sentence_answer": "These questions include how signals are processed by neurites \u2013 thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons ( <hl> specialized to conduct nerve impulses called action potentials <hl> ) \u2013", "paragraph_id": "5d67b34f2b22cd4dfcfbffd1"}
{"question": "Who did Thaddeus cure?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus.  According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "answer": "Abgar V of Edessa", "sentence": " According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. <hl> According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. <hl> Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "paragraph_answer": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured <hl> Abgar V of Edessa <hl> of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "sentence_answer": " According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured <hl> Abgar V of Edessa <hl> of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD.", "paragraph_id": "5d6586b02b22cd4dfcfbc9fd"}
{"question": "Who would make the decisions during each trial?", "paragraph": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "answer": "local judges and juries", "sentence": "Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries .", "paragraph_sentence": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. <hl> Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by local judges and juries . <hl> This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "paragraph_answer": "Second, in the colonies a very wide range of public and private business was decided by elected bodies, especially the assemblies and county governments in each colony. They handled land grants, commercial subsidies, and taxation, as well as oversight of roads, poor relief, taverns, and schools. Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by <hl> local judges and juries <hl>. This promoted the rapid expansion of the legal profession, so that the intense involvement of lawyers in politics became an American characteristic by the 1770s.", "sentence_answer": "Americans sued each other at a very high rate, with binding decisions made not by a great lord but by <hl> local judges and juries <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6687522b22cd4dfcfbe1dc"}
{"question": "When did the western part of the Bronx County become part of New York County?", "paragraph": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "answer": "1874", "sentence": "In 1874 , the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. <hl> In 1874 , the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. <hl> In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In <hl> 1874 <hl>, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1874 <hl> , the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ddfb2b22cd4dfcfc0348"}
{"question": "What do the first three letters in COMCRUDESPAC mean?", "paragraph": "Acronyms are used most often to abbreviate names of organizations and long or frequently referenced terms. The armed forces and government agencies frequently employ acronyms; some well-known examples from the United States are among the \"alphabet agencies\" (also jokingly referred to as \"alphabet soup\") created by Franklin D. Roosevelt (also of course known as FDR) under the New Deal. Business and industry also are prolific coiners of acronyms. The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander, cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\". \"YABA-compatible\" (where YABA stands for \"yet another bloody acronym\") is used to mean that a term's acronym can be pronounced but is not an offensive word, e.g., \"When choosing a new name, be sure it is 'YABA-compatible'.\"", "answer": "commander", "sentence": "The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander , cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Acronyms are used most often to abbreviate names of organizations and long or frequently referenced terms. The armed forces and government agencies frequently employ acronyms; some well-known examples from the United States are among the \"alphabet agencies\" (also jokingly referred to as \"alphabet soup\") created by Franklin D. Roosevelt (also of course known as FDR) under the New Deal. Business and industry also are prolific coiners of acronyms. <hl> The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for commander , cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\". <hl> \"YABA-compatible\" (where YABA stands for \"yet another bloody acronym\") is used to mean that a term's acronym can be pronounced but is not an offensive word, e.g., \"When choosing a new name, be sure it is 'YABA-compatible'.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Acronyms are used most often to abbreviate names of organizations and long or frequently referenced terms. The armed forces and government agencies frequently employ acronyms; some well-known examples from the United States are among the \"alphabet agencies\" (also jokingly referred to as \"alphabet soup\") created by Franklin D. Roosevelt (also of course known as FDR) under the New Deal. Business and industry also are prolific coiners of acronyms. The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for <hl> commander <hl>, cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\". \"YABA-compatible\" (where YABA stands for \"yet another bloody acronym\") is used to mean that a term's acronym can be pronounced but is not an offensive word, e.g., \"When choosing a new name, be sure it is 'YABA-compatible'.\"", "sentence_answer": "The rapid advance of science and technology in recent centuries seems to be an underlying force driving the usage, as new inventions and concepts with multiword names create a demand for shorter, more manageable names.[citation needed] One representative example, from the U.S. Navy, is COMCRUDESPAC, which stands for <hl> commander <hl> , cruisers destroyers Pacific; it's also seen as \"ComCruDesPac\".", "paragraph_id": "5d657a022b22cd4dfcfbc954"}
{"question": "How long was Chancellor Mark Nordenberg's $1-billion facilities plan?", "paragraph": "Mark Nordenberg was chancellor of the University from 1995 to 2014 and led Pitt through a period of substantial progress, including a $2-billion capital-raising campaign that is over three quarters of the way toward achieving its goal and a $1-billion 12-year facilities plan. Major initiatives and events that have occurred during his tenure include the construction of the Petersen Events Center, a major expansion of on-campus housing, the growth of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and the restructuring of its relationship with the university, and a series of disruptive bomb threats that occurred in 2012.", "answer": "12-year", "sentence": "Mark Nordenberg was chancellor of the University from 1995 to 2014 and led Pitt through a period of substantial progress, including a $2-billion capital-raising campaign that is over three quarters of the way toward achieving its goal and a $1-billion 12-year facilities plan.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Mark Nordenberg was chancellor of the University from 1995 to 2014 and led Pitt through a period of substantial progress, including a $2-billion capital-raising campaign that is over three quarters of the way toward achieving its goal and a $1-billion 12-year facilities plan. <hl> Major initiatives and events that have occurred during his tenure include the construction of the Petersen Events Center, a major expansion of on-campus housing, the growth of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and the restructuring of its relationship with the university, and a series of disruptive bomb threats that occurred in 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "Mark Nordenberg was chancellor of the University from 1995 to 2014 and led Pitt through a period of substantial progress, including a $2-billion capital-raising campaign that is over three quarters of the way toward achieving its goal and a $1-billion <hl> 12-year <hl> facilities plan. Major initiatives and events that have occurred during his tenure include the construction of the Petersen Events Center, a major expansion of on-campus housing, the growth of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and the restructuring of its relationship with the university, and a series of disruptive bomb threats that occurred in 2012.", "sentence_answer": "Mark Nordenberg was chancellor of the University from 1995 to 2014 and led Pitt through a period of substantial progress, including a $2-billion capital-raising campaign that is over three quarters of the way toward achieving its goal and a $1-billion <hl> 12-year <hl> facilities plan.", "paragraph_id": "5d682edf2b22cd4dfcfc0644"}
{"question": "As a result of discovering historical knowledge and memory, what happens to some dominant histories?", "paragraph": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\" She describes \"retrofitted memory\" as a form of countermemory that creates a transformative and fluid alternative archive that creates space for women's feminist consciousness within the hegemonic narratives which erase them. By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused.", "answer": "decentered and refocused", "sentence": "By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused .", "paragraph_sentence": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\" She describes \"retrofitted memory\" as a form of countermemory that creates a transformative and fluid alternative archive that creates space for women's feminist consciousness within the hegemonic narratives which erase them. <hl> By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\" She describes \"retrofitted memory\" as a form of countermemory that creates a transformative and fluid alternative archive that creates space for women's feminist consciousness within the hegemonic narratives which erase them. By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be <hl> decentered and refocused <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be <hl> decentered and refocused <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f1382b22cd4dfcfbe6a4"}
{"question": "What percentage of Americans across Party lines agreed that outsourcing production work to foreign countries is bad for the U.S. economy?", "paragraph": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "answer": "76-95%", "sentence": "Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. <hl> Across party lines, income, and job type, between 76-95% of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Further, U.S. sentiment on free trade has been turning more negative. An October 2010 Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll reported that: \"[M]ore than half of those surveyed, 53%, said free-trade agreements have hurt the U.S. That is up from 46% three years ago and 32% in 1999.\" Among those earning $75,000 or more, 50% now say free-trade pacts have hurt the U.S., up from 24% who said the same in 1999. Across party lines, income, and job type, between <hl> 76-95% <hl> of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "sentence_answer": "Across party lines, income, and job type, between <hl> 76-95% <hl> of Americans surveyed agreed that \"outsourcing of production and manufacturing work to foreign countries is a reason the U.S. economy is struggling and more people aren't being hired.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d67117b2b22cd4dfcfbed6e"}
{"question": "What is Tin in Swedish?", "paragraph": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [tenn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [tinne] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "answer": "tenn", "sentence": "Swedish [ tenn ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help).", "paragraph_sentence": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), <hl> Swedish [ tenn ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). <hl> It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [tinne] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "paragraph_answer": "The word tin is shared among Germanic languages and can be traced back to reconstructed Proto-Germanic *tin-om; cognates include German [Zinn] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Swedish [<hl> tenn <hl>] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help). It is not found in other branches of Indo-European, except by borrowing from Germanic (e.g. Irish [tinne] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) from English).", "sentence_answer": "Swedish [ <hl> tenn <hl> ] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and Dutch [tin] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8e02b22cd4dfcfbe8a6"}
{"question": "How much material was removed from the area during the building of the World Trade Center?", "paragraph": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "answer": "1.2 million cubic yards", "sentence": "When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. <hl> When building the World Trade Center in 1968, 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. <hl> Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "paragraph_answer": "Early in the 19th century, landfill was used to expand Lower Manhattan from the natural Hudson shoreline at Greenwich Street to West Street. When building the World Trade Center in 1968, <hl> 1.2 million cubic yards <hl> (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site. Rather than dumping the spoil at sea or in landfills, the fill material was used to expand the Manhattan shoreline across West Street, creating Battery Park City. The result was a 700-foot (210-m) extension into the river, running six blocks or 1,484 feet (452 m), covering 92 acres (37 ha)*, providing a 1.2-mile (1.9 km) riverfront esplanade and over 30 acres (12 ha)* of parks.", "sentence_answer": "When building the World Trade Center in 1968, <hl> 1.2 million cubic yards <hl> (917,000 m\u00b3) of material was excavated from the site.", "paragraph_id": "5d6720db2b22cd4dfcfbefff"}
{"question": "What decision did the Fed make regarding interest rates in the U.S. in 2015, December?", "paragraph": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "answer": "raise interest rates marginally", "sentence": "Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015.", "paragraph_sentence": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. <hl> Ultimately, the Fed decided to raise interest rates marginally in December 2015. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Government spending and taxation decisions (fiscal policy) and U.S. Federal Reserve interest rate adjustments (monetary policy) are important tools for managing the unemployment rate. There may be an economic trade-off between unemployment and inflation, as policies designed to reduce unemployment can create inflationary pressure, and vice versa. The U.S. Federal Reserve (the Fed) has a dual mandate to achieve full employment while maintaining a low rate of inflation. Debates regarding monetary policy during 2014-2015 centered on the timing and extent of interest rate increases, as a near-zero interest rate target had remained in place since the 2007-2009 recession. Ultimately, the Fed decided to <hl> raise interest rates marginally <hl> in December 2015.", "sentence_answer": "Ultimately, the Fed decided to <hl> raise interest rates marginally <hl> in December 2015.", "paragraph_id": "5d6706552b22cd4dfcfbeaee"}
{"question": "What is a way tobacco is a risk to health?", "paragraph": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "answer": "from direct consumption of tobacco", "sentence": "Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco , but also from exposure to second-hand smoke.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. <hl> Risks to health from tobacco use result not only from direct consumption of tobacco , but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. <hl> Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "paragraph_answer": "Cigarettes are the major form of smoked tobacco. Risks to health from tobacco use result not only <hl> from direct consumption of tobacco <hl>, but also from exposure to second-hand smoke. Approximately 10% of cardiovascular disease is attributed to smoking; however, people who quit smoking by age 30 have almost as low a risk of death as never smokers.", "sentence_answer": "Risks to health from tobacco use result not only <hl> from direct consumption of tobacco <hl> , but also from exposure to second-hand smoke.", "paragraph_id": "5d65bf9f2b22cd4dfcfbcb44"}
{"question": "What percent of cardiovascular diseases will occur in South Asia?", "paragraph": "It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue.", "answer": "60%", "sentence": "It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. <hl> This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue.", "paragraph_answer": "It is estimated that <hl> 60% <hl> of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Organizations such as the Indian Heart Association are working with the World Heart Federation to raise awareness about this issue.", "sentence_answer": "It is estimated that <hl> 60% <hl> of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population.", "paragraph_id": "5d6682db2b22cd4dfcfbe14c"}
{"question": "In the abbreviation i18n, what does the number 18 represent?", "paragraph": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "answer": "the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization", "sentence": "The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization .", "paragraph_sentence": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. <hl> The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization . <hl> Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "paragraph_answer": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents <hl> the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization <hl>. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "sentence_answer": "The 18 represents <hl> the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65a5d02b22cd4dfcfbcab5"}
{"question": "Who validates the certificates?", "paragraph": "In Iran, Medical education begins after high school. No pre-med course or BSc degree is required. The eligibility is determined through the rank applicants obtain in the public university entrance exam being held every year throughout the country. The entry to medical school is competitive and only students with the highest rank are accepted into medical program. The primary medical degree is completed in 7-7.5 years. Medical graduates are awarded a certificate in general medicine, called \"Professional Doctorate in Medicine\" validated by the \"Ministry of health and Medical Education of Iran\". All physicians will obtain licence and medical council registration number from the \"Medical Council of Iran\" before they officially begin to practice. They may subsequently specialize in a specific medical field at medical schools offering the necessary qualifications.", "answer": "Ministry of health and Medical Education of Iran", "sentence": "Medical graduates are awarded a certificate in general medicine, called \"Professional Doctorate in Medicine\" validated by the \" Ministry of health and Medical Education of Iran \".", "paragraph_sentence": "In Iran, Medical education begins after high school. No pre-med course or BSc degree is required. The eligibility is determined through the rank applicants obtain in the public university entrance exam being held every year throughout the country. The entry to medical school is competitive and only students with the highest rank are accepted into medical program. The primary medical degree is completed in 7-7.5 years. <hl> Medical graduates are awarded a certificate in general medicine, called \"Professional Doctorate in Medicine\" validated by the \" Ministry of health and Medical Education of Iran \". <hl> All physicians will obtain licence and medical council registration number from the \"Medical Council of Iran\" before they officially begin to practice. They may subsequently specialize in a specific medical field at medical schools offering the necessary qualifications.", "paragraph_answer": "In Iran, Medical education begins after high school. No pre-med course or BSc degree is required. The eligibility is determined through the rank applicants obtain in the public university entrance exam being held every year throughout the country. The entry to medical school is competitive and only students with the highest rank are accepted into medical program. The primary medical degree is completed in 7-7.5 years. Medical graduates are awarded a certificate in general medicine, called \"Professional Doctorate in Medicine\" validated by the \"<hl> Ministry of health and Medical Education of Iran <hl>\". All physicians will obtain licence and medical council registration number from the \"Medical Council of Iran\" before they officially begin to practice. They may subsequently specialize in a specific medical field at medical schools offering the necessary qualifications.", "sentence_answer": "Medical graduates are awarded a certificate in general medicine, called \"Professional Doctorate in Medicine\" validated by the \" <hl> Ministry of health and Medical Education of Iran <hl> \".", "paragraph_id": "5d6680c92b22cd4dfcfbe0f5"}
{"question": "What was being taught as a base learning experience to help the homeless with employment?", "paragraph": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "answer": "computer classes", "sentence": "Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009).", "paragraph_sentence": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. <hl> Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). <hl> After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "paragraph_answer": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in <hl> computer classes <hl> being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "sentence_answer": "Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in <hl> computer classes <hl> being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009).", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1fb2b22cd4dfcfbd385"}
{"question": "Over how many octaves on tenor and alto have modern sax players extended to cover?", "paragraph": "There are many models of soprano saxophone that have a key for high G, and most modern models of baritone saxophone have an extended bore and key to produce low A; it is also possible to play a low A on any saxophone by blocking the end of the bell, usually with the foot or inside of the left thigh. Low A keys however were not limited to just the baritone saxophone. For a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. Notes above F are considered part of the altissimo register of any sax, and can be produced using advanced embouchure techniques and fingering combinations. Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B4. Modern saxophone players have extended this range to over 4 octaves on tenor and alto.", "answer": "4", "sentence": "Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B 4 .", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many models of soprano saxophone that have a key for high G, and most modern models of baritone saxophone have an extended bore and key to produce low A; it is also possible to play a low A on any saxophone by blocking the end of the bell, usually with the foot or inside of the left thigh. Low A keys however were not limited to just the baritone saxophone. For a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. Notes above F are considered part of the altissimo register of any sax, and can be produced using advanced embouchure techniques and fingering combinations. <hl> Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B 4 . <hl> Modern saxophone players have extended this range to over 4 octaves on tenor and alto.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many models of soprano saxophone that have a key for high G, and most modern models of baritone saxophone have an extended bore and key to produce low A; it is also possible to play a low A on any saxophone by blocking the end of the bell, usually with the foot or inside of the left thigh. Low A keys however were not limited to just the baritone saxophone. For a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. Notes above F are considered part of the altissimo register of any sax, and can be produced using advanced embouchure techniques and fingering combinations. Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B<hl> 4 <hl>. Modern saxophone players have extended this range to over 4 octaves on tenor and alto.", "sentence_answer": "Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B <hl> 4 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6764342b22cd4dfcfbf9a4"}
{"question": "According to her family, what type of business did Betsy Ross run?", "paragraph": "The origin of the stars and stripes design has been muddled by a story disseminated by the descendants of Betsy Ross. The apocryphal story credits Betsy Ross for sewing the first flag from a pencil sketch handed to her by George Washington. No evidence for this exists either in the diaries of George Washington nor in the records of the Continental Congress. Indeed, nearly a century passed before Ross' grandson, William Canby, first publicly suggested the story in 1870. By her family's own admission, Ross ran an upholstery business, and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776. Furthermore, her grandson admitted that his own search through the Journals of Congress and other official records failed to find corroboration of his grandmother's story.", "answer": "an upholstery business", "sentence": "By her family's own admission, Ross ran an upholstery business , and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776.", "paragraph_sentence": "The origin of the stars and stripes design has been muddled by a story disseminated by the descendants of Betsy Ross. The apocryphal story credits Betsy Ross for sewing the first flag from a pencil sketch handed to her by George Washington. No evidence for this exists either in the diaries of George Washington nor in the records of the Continental Congress. Indeed, nearly a century passed before Ross' grandson, William Canby, first publicly suggested the story in 1870. <hl> By her family's own admission, Ross ran an upholstery business , and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776. <hl> Furthermore, her grandson admitted that his own search through the Journals of Congress and other official records failed to find corroboration of his grandmother's story.", "paragraph_answer": "The origin of the stars and stripes design has been muddled by a story disseminated by the descendants of Betsy Ross. The apocryphal story credits Betsy Ross for sewing the first flag from a pencil sketch handed to her by George Washington. No evidence for this exists either in the diaries of George Washington nor in the records of the Continental Congress. Indeed, nearly a century passed before Ross' grandson, William Canby, first publicly suggested the story in 1870. By her family's own admission, Ross ran <hl> an upholstery business <hl>, and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776. Furthermore, her grandson admitted that his own search through the Journals of Congress and other official records failed to find corroboration of his grandmother's story.", "sentence_answer": "By her family's own admission, Ross ran <hl> an upholstery business <hl> , and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776.", "paragraph_id": "5d6666532b22cd4dfcfbddf2"}
{"question": "How far back does the practice of a surname go?", "paragraph": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a relatively recent historical development, evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\". Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "answer": "relatively recent historical development", "sentence": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a relatively recent historical development , evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The concept of a \"surname\" is a relatively recent historical development , evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\". <hl> Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "paragraph_answer": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a <hl> relatively recent historical development <hl>, evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\". Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name.", "sentence_answer": "The concept of a \"surname\" is a <hl> relatively recent historical development <hl> , evolving from a medieval naming practice called a \"byname\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67ef592b22cd4dfcfc044f"}
{"question": "When did the western part of the Bronx County become part of New York County?", "paragraph": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "answer": "1874", "sentence": "In 1874 , the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. <hl> In 1874 , the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. <hl> In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In <hl> 1874 <hl>, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1874 <hl> , the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ddfb2b22cd4dfcfc033f"}
{"question": "Which program helps offer scholarships for studying abroad?", "paragraph": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns,  Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "answer": "the Nationality Rooms program", "sentence": "The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program .", "paragraph_sentence": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. <hl> The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program . <hl> In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through <hl> the Nationality Rooms program <hl>. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "sentence_answer": "The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through <hl> the Nationality Rooms program <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7f12b22cd4dfcfc0208"}
{"question": "What brings rain to the savannah climes?", "paragraph": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production.  If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands.  Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones.  Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy.  Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands.  In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation.  On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.  The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "answer": "The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone", "sentence": " The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone , brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "paragraph_sentence": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. <hl> The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone , brings rainy seasons to savannah climes. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. <hl> The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone <hl>, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone <hl> , brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "paragraph_id": "5d6773a72b22cd4dfcfbfc5a"}
{"question": "To whose interests did the Chinese Dowager Empress subjugate China?", "paragraph": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content.\nPolitical Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "answer": "European", "sentence": "The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests).", "paragraph_sentence": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. <hl> The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to European interests). <hl> Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "paragraph_answer": "Group morality develops from shared concepts and beliefs and is often codified to regulate behavior within a culture or community. Various defined actions come to be called moral or immoral. Individuals who choose moral action are popularly held to possess \"moral fiber\", whereas those who indulge in immoral behavior may be labeled as socially degenerate[disambiguation needed]. The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to <hl> European <hl> interests). Within nationalist movements, there has been some tendency to feel that a nation will not survive or prosper without acknowledging one common morality, regardless of its content. Political Morality is also relevant to the behaviour internationally of national governments, and to the support they receive from their host population. Noam Chomsky states that", "sentence_answer": "The continued existence of a group may depend on widespread conformity to codes of morality; an inability to adjust moral codes in response to new challenges is sometimes credited with the demise of a community (a positive example would be the function of Cistercian reform in reviving monasticism; a negative example would be the role of the Dowager Empress in the subjugation of China to <hl> European <hl> interests).", "paragraph_id": "5d66fedd2b22cd4dfcfbe9a6"}
{"question": "What can be discarded when using Polish notation?", "paragraph": "The definitions above use infix notation for binary connectives such as \n\n\n\n\u2192\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\to }\n\n. A less common convention is Polish notation, in which one writes \n\n\n\n\u2192\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\rightarrow }\n\n, \n\n\n\n\u2227\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\wedge }\n\n, and so on in front of their arguments rather than between them. This convention allows all punctuation symbols to be discarded. Polish notation is compact and elegant, but rarely used in practice because it is hard for humans to read it. In Polish notation, the formula", "answer": "punctuation symbols", "sentence": "This convention allows all punctuation symbols to be discarded.", "paragraph_sentence": "The definitions above use infix notation for binary connectives such as \u2192 {\\displaystyle \\to } . A less common convention is Polish notation, in which one writes \u2192 {\\displaystyle \\rightarrow } , \u2227 {\\displaystyle \\wedge } , and so on in front of their arguments rather than between them. <hl> This convention allows all punctuation symbols to be discarded. <hl> Polish notation is compact and elegant, but rarely used in practice because it is hard for humans to read it. In Polish notation, the formula", "paragraph_answer": "The definitions above use infix notation for binary connectives such as \u2192 {\\displaystyle \\to } . A less common convention is Polish notation, in which one writes \u2192 {\\displaystyle \\rightarrow } , \u2227 {\\displaystyle \\wedge } , and so on in front of their arguments rather than between them. This convention allows all <hl> punctuation symbols <hl> to be discarded. Polish notation is compact and elegant, but rarely used in practice because it is hard for humans to read it. In Polish notation, the formula", "sentence_answer": "This convention allows all <hl> punctuation symbols <hl> to be discarded.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6d82b22cd4dfcfbccd7"}
{"question": "In what year did Adriaen Block explore Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "answer": "1614", "sentence": "After he explored this region in 1614 , Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "paragraph_sentence": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. <hl> After he explored this region in 1614 , Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. After he explored this region in <hl> 1614 <hl>, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "sentence_answer": "After he explored this region in <hl> 1614 <hl> , Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "paragraph_id": "5d6676582b22cd4dfcfbdffb"}
{"question": "What measurement techniques used in neuroscience?", "paragraph": "At the cognitive level, cognitive neuroscience addresses the questions of how psychological functions are produced by neural circuitry. The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates.", "answer": "neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis", "sentence": "The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the cognitive level, cognitive neuroscience addresses the questions of how psychological functions are produced by neural circuitry. <hl> The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At the cognitive level, cognitive neuroscience addresses the questions of how psychological functions are produced by neural circuitry. The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as <hl> neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis <hl> combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates.", "sentence_answer": "The emergence of powerful new measurement techniques such as <hl> neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI, PET, SPECT), electrophysiology, and human genetic analysis <hl> combined with sophisticated experimental techniques from cognitive psychology allows neuroscientists and psychologists to address abstract questions such as how human cognition and emotion are mapped to specific neural substrates.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b51f2b22cd4dfcfbffe2"}
{"question": "What did Schwartzkopf mean?", "paragraph": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \"Short,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\" When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar. Many families later changed these names.", "answer": "Short", "sentence": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \" Short ,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \" Short ,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\" <hl> When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar. Many families later changed these names.", "paragraph_answer": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \"<hl> Short <hl>,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\" When Jewish families in Central Europe were forced to adopt surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries, those who failed to choose a surname were often given pejorative or even cruel nicknames (such as \"Schweinmann\" (\"pig man\") or \"Schmutz\" (a variant of \"filthy\")) by the local registrar. Many families later changed these names.", "sentence_answer": "These include names, also known as eke-names, based on appearance such as \"Schwartzkopf,\" \" <hl> Short <hl> ,\" and possibly \"Caesar,\" and names based on temperament and personality such as \"Daft,\" \"Gutman,\" and \"Maiden,\" which, according to a number of sources, was an English nickname meaning \"effeminate.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee722b22cd4dfcfbe5b9"}
{"question": "Who did the Albanian Church remain under?", "paragraph": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "answer": "the Armenian Church", "sentence": "The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon.", "paragraph_sentence": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. <hl> The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. <hl> This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "paragraph_answer": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with <hl> the Armenian Church <hl> having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "sentence_answer": "The Georgian Church disagreed with <hl> the Armenian Church <hl> having approved the christology of Chalcedon.", "paragraph_id": "5d6577c42b22cd4dfcfbc92e"}
{"question": "What nationality does it cover the news for?", "paragraph": "The paper is heavily editionalised, with extensive Irish coverage of politics, general news, business, personal finance, sport, culture and lifestyle. The office employs 25 people. The paper also has a number of well-known freelance columnists including Brenda Power, Liam Fay, Matt Cooper, Damien Kiberd, Jill Kerby and Stephen Price. The Irish edition has had four editors since it was set up: Ruddock, Rory Godson, Fiona McHugh and, since 2005, Frank Fitzgibbon.[citation needed]", "answer": "extensive Irish coverage", "sentence": "The paper is heavily editionalised, with extensive Irish coverage of politics, general news, business, personal finance, sport, culture and lifestyle.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The paper is heavily editionalised, with extensive Irish coverage of politics, general news, business, personal finance, sport, culture and lifestyle. <hl> The office employs 25 people. The paper also has a number of well-known freelance columnists including Brenda Power, Liam Fay, Matt Cooper, Damien Kiberd, Jill Kerby and Stephen Price. The Irish edition has had four editors since it was set up: Ruddock, Rory Godson, Fiona McHugh and, since 2005, Frank Fitzgibbon.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The paper is heavily editionalised, with <hl> extensive Irish coverage <hl> of politics, general news, business, personal finance, sport, culture and lifestyle. The office employs 25 people. The paper also has a number of well-known freelance columnists including Brenda Power, Liam Fay, Matt Cooper, Damien Kiberd, Jill Kerby and Stephen Price. The Irish edition has had four editors since it was set up: Ruddock, Rory Godson, Fiona McHugh and, since 2005, Frank Fitzgibbon.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The paper is heavily editionalised, with <hl> extensive Irish coverage <hl> of politics, general news, business, personal finance, sport, culture and lifestyle.", "paragraph_id": "5d6752532b22cd4dfcfbf6e0"}
{"question": "What two things does the rain shadow affect in the central Great Basin?", "paragraph": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California.  Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century,  Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "answer": "climate and ecology", "sentence": "However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. <hl> However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the climate and ecology of the central Great Basin. <hl> This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sierra Nevada snowpack is the major source of water and a significant source of electric power generation in California. Many reservoirs were constructed in the canyons of the Sierra throughout the 20th century, Several major aqueducts serving both agriculture and urban areas distribute Sierra water throughout the state. However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the <hl> climate and ecology <hl> of the central Great Basin. This rain shadow is largely responsible for Nevada being the driest state in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "However, the Sierra casts a rain shadow, which greatly affects the <hl> climate and ecology <hl> of the central Great Basin.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f5582b22cd4dfcfbe7a0"}
{"question": "What type of cardiovascular disease can be preceded by untreated strep throat?", "paragraph": "The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.", "answer": "Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.", "sentence": "Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.", "paragraph_sentence": "The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. <hl> Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. <hl> Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6610bd2b22cd4dfcfbd77e"}
{"question": "What is it called when the party releases its members from control?", "paragraph": "The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip. Crossing the floor very rarely occurs, but is more likely in the Senate than in the House of Representatives.", "answer": "a conscience vote", "sentence": "The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip.", "paragraph_sentence": "The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. <hl> The exceptions are where a conscience vote is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip. <hl> Crossing the floor very rarely occurs, but is more likely in the Senate than in the House of Representatives.", "paragraph_answer": "The extent to which party discipline determines the outcome of parliamentary votes is highlighted by the rarity with which members of the same political party will find themselves on opposing sides of a vote. The exceptions are where <hl> a conscience vote <hl> is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip. Crossing the floor very rarely occurs, but is more likely in the Senate than in the House of Representatives.", "sentence_answer": "The exceptions are where <hl> a conscience vote <hl> is allowed by one or more of the political parties; and occasions where a member of a political party crosses the floor of the chamber to vote against the instructions of their party whip.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9bc2b22cd4dfcfbd260"}
{"question": "What was the murder rate in 1990?", "paragraph": "By the 1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification, and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America. Murder rates that had reached 2,245 in 1990 plummeted to 537 by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control. The outflow of population turned around, as the city once again became the destination of immigrants from around the world, joining with low interest rates and Wall Street bonuses to fuel the growth of the real estate market. Important new sectors, such as Silicon Alley, emerged in Manhattan's economy.", "answer": "2,245", "sentence": "Murder rates that had reached 2,245 in 1990 plummeted to 537 by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the 1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification, and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America. <hl> Murder rates that had reached 2,245 in 1990 plummeted to 537 by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control. <hl> The outflow of population turned around, as the city once again became the destination of immigrants from around the world, joining with low interest rates and Wall Street bonuses to fuel the growth of the real estate market. Important new sectors, such as Silicon Alley, emerged in Manhattan's economy.", "paragraph_answer": "By the 1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, gentrification, and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America. Murder rates that had reached <hl> 2,245 <hl> in 1990 plummeted to 537 by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control. The outflow of population turned around, as the city once again became the destination of immigrants from around the world, joining with low interest rates and Wall Street bonuses to fuel the growth of the real estate market. Important new sectors, such as Silicon Alley, emerged in Manhattan's economy.", "sentence_answer": "Murder rates that had reached <hl> 2,245 <hl> in 1990 plummeted to 537 by 2008, and the crack epidemic and its associated drug-related violence came under greater control.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e2c22b22cd4dfcfc0397"}
{"question": "What prevents resolution by random draw becoming a occurance?", "paragraph": "The senate contains an even number of senators, so a tied vote is a real prospect (which regularly occurs when the party numbers in the chamber are finely balanced). Section 23 of the Constitution requires that in the event of a tied division, the question is resolved in the negative. The system is however different for ballots for offices such as the President. If such a ballot is tied, the Clerk of the Senate decides the outcome by the drawing of lots. In reality, conventions govern most ballots, so this situation does not arise.", "answer": "conventions", "sentence": "In reality, conventions govern most ballots, so this situation does not arise.", "paragraph_sentence": "The senate contains an even number of senators, so a tied vote is a real prospect (which regularly occurs when the party numbers in the chamber are finely balanced). Section 23 of the Constitution requires that in the event of a tied division, the question is resolved in the negative. The system is however different for ballots for offices such as the President. If such a ballot is tied, the Clerk of the Senate decides the outcome by the drawing of lots. <hl> In reality, conventions govern most ballots, so this situation does not arise. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The senate contains an even number of senators, so a tied vote is a real prospect (which regularly occurs when the party numbers in the chamber are finely balanced). Section 23 of the Constitution requires that in the event of a tied division, the question is resolved in the negative. The system is however different for ballots for offices such as the President. If such a ballot is tied, the Clerk of the Senate decides the outcome by the drawing of lots. In reality, <hl> conventions <hl> govern most ballots, so this situation does not arise.", "sentence_answer": "In reality, <hl> conventions <hl> govern most ballots, so this situation does not arise.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6bd2b22cd4dfcfbd1f6"}
{"question": "Who described the Mare Suebicum in AD 98?", "paragraph": "At the time of the Roman Empire, the Baltic Sea was known as the Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum. Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. The Suebi eventually migrated south west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. Jordanes called it the Germanic Sea in his work, the Getica.", "answer": "Tacitus", "sentence": "Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the time of the Roman Empire, the Baltic Sea was known as the Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum. <hl> Tacitus in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. <hl> The Suebi eventually migrated south west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. Jordanes called it the Germanic Sea in his work, the Getica.", "paragraph_answer": "At the time of the Roman Empire, the Baltic Sea was known as the Mare Suebicum or Mare Sarmaticum. <hl> Tacitus <hl> in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about. The Suebi eventually migrated south west to reside for a while in the Rhineland area of modern Germany, where their name survives in the historic region known as Swabia. Jordanes called it the Germanic Sea in his work, the Getica.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Tacitus <hl> in his AD 98 Agricola and Germania described the Mare Suebicum, named for the Suebi tribe, during the spring months, as a brackish sea where the ice broke apart and chunks floated about.", "paragraph_id": "5d665d252b22cd4dfcfbdc97"}
{"question": "What are examples of simple isoprenoids?", "paragraph": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "answer": "linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.", "sentence": "The simple isoprenoids ( linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc. ) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. <hl> The simple isoprenoids ( linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc. ) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. <hl> Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "paragraph_answer": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (<hl> linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc. <hl>) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "sentence_answer": "The simple isoprenoids ( <hl> linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc. <hl> ) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units.", "paragraph_id": "5d67512a2b22cd4dfcfbf6bb"}
{"question": "How many years does medical education lasts for?", "paragraph": "In most institutions, medical education lasts for four years. Basic subjects are taken up in the first and second years, while clinical sciences are studied in the second and third years. In their fourth year, students rotate in the various hospital departments, spending up to two months each in the fields of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and several weeks in the other specialties. After this, students graduate with a Doctorate in Medicine (MD) and apply for postgraduate internship (PGI) in an accredited hospital of their choice. After PGI, the student is eligible to take the Medical Licensure Examination. Passing the examinations confers the right to practice medicine as well as to apply in a Residency Training Program.", "answer": "four years", "sentence": "In most institutions, medical education lasts for four years .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In most institutions, medical education lasts for four years . <hl> Basic subjects are taken up in the first and second years, while clinical sciences are studied in the second and third years. In their fourth year, students rotate in the various hospital departments, spending up to two months each in the fields of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and several weeks in the other specialties. After this, students graduate with a Doctorate in Medicine (MD) and apply for postgraduate internship (PGI) in an accredited hospital of their choice. After PGI, the student is eligible to take the Medical Licensure Examination. Passing the examinations confers the right to practice medicine as well as to apply in a Residency Training Program.", "paragraph_answer": "In most institutions, medical education lasts for <hl> four years <hl>. Basic subjects are taken up in the first and second years, while clinical sciences are studied in the second and third years. In their fourth year, students rotate in the various hospital departments, spending up to two months each in the fields of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and several weeks in the other specialties. After this, students graduate with a Doctorate in Medicine (MD) and apply for postgraduate internship (PGI) in an accredited hospital of their choice. After PGI, the student is eligible to take the Medical Licensure Examination. Passing the examinations confers the right to practice medicine as well as to apply in a Residency Training Program.", "sentence_answer": "In most institutions, medical education lasts for <hl> four years <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d664a662b22cd4dfcfbdbfa"}
{"question": "What is one major artery in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The Interstate highways in the state are Interstate 95 (I-95; the Connecticut Turnpike) traveling southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 traveling southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 traveling north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state. The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I-95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic stopped and paid fixed tolls. A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "answer": "U.S. Route 7", "sentence": "Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Interstate highways in the state are Interstate 95 (I-95; the Connecticut Turnpike) traveling southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 traveling southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 traveling north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state. The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I-95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic stopped and paid fixed tolls. A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. <hl> Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Interstate highways in the state are Interstate 95 (I-95; the Connecticut Turnpike) traveling southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 traveling southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 traveling north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state. The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I-95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic stopped and paid fixed tolls. A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. Other major arteries in the state include <hl> U.S. Route 7 <hl> (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "sentence_answer": "Other major arteries in the state include <hl> U.S. Route 7 <hl> (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b982b22cd4dfcfbde89"}
{"question": "By lowering the cost of workers, employers are encouraged to do what more?", "paragraph": "Removing the threat of higher taxes embodied in the fiscal cliff may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional workers. President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. The U.S. corporate tax rate is among the highest in the world, although U.S. corporations pay among the lowest amount relative to GDP due to loopholes. Reducing the rate and eliminating loopholes may make U.S. businesses more competitive, but may also add to the deficit. The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example.", "answer": "hire", "sentence": "Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more.", "paragraph_sentence": "Removing the threat of higher taxes embodied in the fiscal cliff may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. <hl> Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. <hl> This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional workers. President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. The U.S. corporate tax rate is among the highest in the world, although U.S. corporations pay among the lowest amount relative to GDP due to loopholes. Reducing the rate and eliminating loopholes may make U.S. businesses more competitive, but may also add to the deficit. The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example.", "paragraph_answer": "Removing the threat of higher taxes embodied in the fiscal cliff may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to <hl> hire <hl> more. This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional workers. President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. The U.S. corporate tax rate is among the highest in the world, although U.S. corporations pay among the lowest amount relative to GDP due to loopholes. Reducing the rate and eliminating loopholes may make U.S. businesses more competitive, but may also add to the deficit. The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example.", "sentence_answer": "Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to <hl> hire <hl> more.", "paragraph_id": "5d67adf22b22cd4dfcfbffa0"}
{"question": "Name two recognizable subgenres it splitted into", "paragraph": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep. As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "answer": "jump-up and Hardstep", "sentence": "It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep .", "paragraph_sentence": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). <hl> It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as jump-up and Hardstep . <hl> As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "paragraph_answer": "As the genre became generally more polished and sophisticated technically, it began to expand its reach from pirate radio to commercial stations and gain widespread acceptance (circa 1995\u20131997). It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as <hl> jump-up and Hardstep <hl>. As a lighter and often jazz-influenced style of drum and bass gained mainstream appeal, additional subgenres emerged including techstep (circa 1996\u20131997) which drew greater influence from techno music and the soundscapes of science fiction and anime films.", "sentence_answer": "It also began to split into recognizable subgenres such as <hl> jump-up and Hardstep <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66a70d2b22cd4dfcfbe3be"}
{"question": "How many Republican lawmakers support policy dealing with climate that is created from international consensus?", "paragraph": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "answer": "few", "sentence": "Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "paragraph_sentence": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. <hl> Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and <hl> few <hl> Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "sentence_answer": "Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and <hl> few <hl> Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "paragraph_id": "5d6741ab2b22cd4dfcfbf41a"}
{"question": "What is the main determining factor of it's ability to carry axial load?", "paragraph": "The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to, and vice versa. This is represented on an interaction chart and is a complex non-linear relationship.", "answer": "degree of bending it is subjected to", "sentence": "The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to , and vice versa.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the degree of bending it is subjected to , and vice versa. <hl> This is represented on an interaction chart and is a complex non-linear relationship.", "paragraph_answer": "The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the <hl> degree of bending it is subjected to <hl>, and vice versa. This is represented on an interaction chart and is a complex non-linear relationship.", "sentence_answer": "The capacity of a column to carry axial load depends on the <hl> degree of bending it is subjected to <hl> , and vice versa.", "paragraph_id": "5d681f672b22cd4dfcfc05d0"}
{"question": "What are the long thin filaments of protoplasm that neurons extrude?", "paragraph": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects:  how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "answer": "axons", "sentence": "Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons , which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points.", "paragraph_sentence": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects: how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. <hl> Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called axons , which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. <hl> A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "paragraph_answer": "The scientific study of the nervous system has increased significantly during the second half of the twentieth century, principally due to advances in molecular biology, electrophysiology, and computational neuroscience. This has allowed neuroscientists to study the nervous system in all its aspects: how it is structured, how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be changed. For example, it has become possible to understand, in much detail, the complex processes occurring within a single neuron. Neurons are cells specialized for communication. They are able to communicate with neurons and other cell types through specialized junctions called synapses, at which electrical or electrochemical signals can be transmitted from one cell to another. Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called <hl> axons <hl>, which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points. A nervous system emerges from the assemblage of neurons that are connected to each other.", "sentence_answer": "Many neurons extrude long thin filaments of protoplasm called <hl> axons <hl> , which may extend to distant parts of the body and are capable of rapidly carrying electrical signals, influencing the activity of other neurons, muscles, or glands at their termination points.", "paragraph_id": "5d670fe02b22cd4dfcfbecfe"}
{"question": "What helped define the forms of the reliefs?", "paragraph": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative.  Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\".  Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "answer": "Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief.", "sentence": " Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "paragraph_sentence": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\". <hl> Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\". <hl> Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. <hl> The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. <hl> The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6652b22cd4dfcfbe7ee"}
{"question": "In which decade did Russia and China experience a split?", "paragraph": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism. In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as Maoism)  increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). After the death of Mao on 1976, Peruvian Maoists associated with the Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso)  coined the term Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism, arguing that Maoism was a more advanced stage of Marxism.", "answer": "1960s", "sentence": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s , the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s , the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism. <hl> In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as Maoism) increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). After the death of Mao on 1976, Peruvian Maoists associated with the Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso) coined the term Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism, arguing that Maoism was a more advanced stage of Marxism.", "paragraph_answer": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the <hl> 1960s <hl>, the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism. In China, the claim that Mao had \"adapted Marxism\u2013Leninism to Chinese conditions\" evolved into the idea that he had updated it in a fundamental way applying to the world as a whole;[citation needed] consequently, the term \"Mao Zedong Thought\" (commonly known as Maoism) increasingly came to describe the official Chinese state ideology as well as the ideological basis of parties around the world which sympathised with the Communist Party of China (such as the Communist Party of the Philippines, founded by Jose Maria Sison in 1968). After the death of Mao on 1976, Peruvian Maoists associated with the Communist Party of Peru (Sendero Luminoso) coined the term Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism, arguing that Maoism was a more advanced stage of Marxism.", "sentence_answer": "After the Sino-Soviet split of the <hl> 1960s <hl> , the communist parties of the Soviet Union and of the People's Republic of China each claimed to be the sole successor to Marxism\u2013Leninism.", "paragraph_id": "5d672ad12b22cd4dfcfbf154"}
{"question": "What is at the Southern tip of the Andes?", "paragraph": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "answer": "Patagonian orocline.", "sentence": "Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". <hl> Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the <hl> Patagonian orocline. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the <hl> Patagonian orocline. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6598af2b22cd4dfcfbca6a"}
{"question": "What effects are found before first harvest in populations of developing countries?", "paragraph": "The wet, or rainy, season is the time of year, covering one or more months, when most of the average annual rainfall in a region falls.  The term green season is also sometimes used as a euphemism by tourist authorities.  Areas with wet seasons are dispersed across portions of the tropics and subtropics. Savanna climates and areas with monsoon regimes have wet summers and dry winters.  Tropical rainforests technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year.  Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons will see a break in rainfall mid-season when the intertropical convergence zone or monsoon trough move poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season.  When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or summer, rain falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours.  The wet season is a time when air quality improves, freshwater quality improves, and vegetation grows significantly.  Soil nutrients diminish and erosion increases.  Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime.  The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature.  Developing countries have noted that their populations show seasonal weight fluctuations due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season.", "answer": "seasonal weight fluctuations", "sentence": " Developing countries have noted that their populations show seasonal weight fluctuations due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season.", "paragraph_sentence": "The wet, or rainy, season is the time of year, covering one or more months, when most of the average annual rainfall in a region falls. The term green season is also sometimes used as a euphemism by tourist authorities. Areas with wet seasons are dispersed across portions of the tropics and subtropics. Savanna climates and areas with monsoon regimes have wet summers and dry winters. Tropical rainforests technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year. Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons will see a break in rainfall mid-season when the intertropical convergence zone or monsoon trough move poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season. When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or summer, rain falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours. The wet season is a time when air quality improves, freshwater quality improves, and vegetation grows significantly. Soil nutrients diminish and erosion increases. Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime. The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature. <hl> Developing countries have noted that their populations show seasonal weight fluctuations due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The wet, or rainy, season is the time of year, covering one or more months, when most of the average annual rainfall in a region falls. The term green season is also sometimes used as a euphemism by tourist authorities. Areas with wet seasons are dispersed across portions of the tropics and subtropics. Savanna climates and areas with monsoon regimes have wet summers and dry winters. Tropical rainforests technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year. Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons will see a break in rainfall mid-season when the intertropical convergence zone or monsoon trough move poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season. When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or summer, rain falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours. The wet season is a time when air quality improves, freshwater quality improves, and vegetation grows significantly. Soil nutrients diminish and erosion increases. Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime. The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature. Developing countries have noted that their populations show <hl> seasonal weight fluctuations <hl> due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season.", "sentence_answer": " Developing countries have noted that their populations show <hl> seasonal weight fluctuations <hl> due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f7cc2b22cd4dfcfbe828"}
{"question": "What's the definition of religion relative to that of morality?", "paragraph": "Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality does not depend upon religion although for some this is \"an almost automatic assumption\". According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Ethics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with each other. Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides.\"", "answer": "ics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with ea", "sentence": "According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Eth ics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with ea ch other.", "paragraph_sentence": "Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality does not depend upon religion although for some this is \"an almost automatic assumption\". <hl> According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Eth ics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with ea ch other. <hl> Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality does not depend upon religion although for some this is \"an almost automatic assumption\". According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Eth<hl> ics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with ea <hl>ch other. Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides.\"", "sentence_answer": "According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Eth <hl> ics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with ea <hl> ch other.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703b52b22cd4dfcfbea7e"}
{"question": "What is caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane?", "paragraph": "Figure 8 is another attempt at depicting a right-handed coordinate system. Again, there is an ambiguity caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane. Many observers see Figure 8 as \"flipping in and out\" between a convex cube and a concave \"corner\".  This corresponds to the two possible orientations of the coordinate system.  Seeing the figure as convex gives a left-handed coordinate system.  Thus the \"correct\" way to view Figure 8 is to imagine the x-axis as pointing towards the observer and thus seeing a concave corner.", "answer": "ambiguity", "sentence": "Again, there is an ambiguity caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane.", "paragraph_sentence": "Figure 8 is another attempt at depicting a right-handed coordinate system. <hl> Again, there is an ambiguity caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane. <hl> Many observers see Figure 8 as \"flipping in and out\" between a convex cube and a concave \"corner\". This corresponds to the two possible orientations of the coordinate system. Seeing the figure as convex gives a left-handed coordinate system. Thus the \"correct\" way to view Figure 8 is to imagine the x-axis as pointing towards the observer and thus seeing a concave corner.", "paragraph_answer": "Figure 8 is another attempt at depicting a right-handed coordinate system. Again, there is an <hl> ambiguity <hl> caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane. Many observers see Figure 8 as \"flipping in and out\" between a convex cube and a concave \"corner\". This corresponds to the two possible orientations of the coordinate system. Seeing the figure as convex gives a left-handed coordinate system. Thus the \"correct\" way to view Figure 8 is to imagine the x-axis as pointing towards the observer and thus seeing a concave corner.", "sentence_answer": "Again, there is an <hl> ambiguity <hl> caused by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate system into the plane.", "paragraph_id": "5d6675222b22cd4dfcfbdfc5"}
{"question": "How were the relative coordinates for use on screen found?", "paragraph": "The exact red, white, and blue colors to be used in the flag are specified with reference to the CAUS Standard Color Reference of America, 10th edition. Specifically, the colors are \"White\",  \"Old Glory Red\", and \"Old Glory Blue\". The CIE coordinates for the colors of the 9th edition of the Standard Color Card were formally specified in JOSA in 1946. These colors form the standard for cloth, and there is no perfect way to convert them to RGB for display on screen or CMYK for printing. The \"relative\" coordinates in the following table were found by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's \"white\".", "answer": "by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's \"white\"", "sentence": "The \"relative\" coordinates in the following table were found by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's \"white\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "The exact red, white, and blue colors to be used in the flag are specified with reference to the CAUS Standard Color Reference of America, 10th edition. Specifically, the colors are \"White\", \"Old Glory Red\", and \"Old Glory Blue\". The CIE coordinates for the colors of the 9th edition of the Standard Color Card were formally specified in JOSA in 1946. These colors form the standard for cloth, and there is no perfect way to convert them to RGB for display on screen or CMYK for printing. <hl> The \"relative\" coordinates in the following table were found by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's \"white\" . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The exact red, white, and blue colors to be used in the flag are specified with reference to the CAUS Standard Color Reference of America, 10th edition. Specifically, the colors are \"White\", \"Old Glory Red\", and \"Old Glory Blue\". The CIE coordinates for the colors of the 9th edition of the Standard Color Card were formally specified in JOSA in 1946. These colors form the standard for cloth, and there is no perfect way to convert them to RGB for display on screen or CMYK for printing. The \"relative\" coordinates in the following table were found <hl> by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's \"white\" <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The \"relative\" coordinates in the following table were found <hl> by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's \"white\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666efa2b22cd4dfcfbdedb"}
{"question": "How much rain do the areas in the rain shadow receive per year?", "paragraph": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California.  During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "answer": "less than 25 inches", "sentence": "Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year.", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. <hl> Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive less than 25 inches of precipitation per year. <hl> Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "paragraph_answer": "The climate of the Sierra Nevada is influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, winter and spring, precipitation in the Sierra ranges from 20 to 80 in (510 to 2,030 mm) where it occurs mostly as snow above 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Precipitation is highest on the central and northern portions of the western slope between 5,000 and 8,000 feet (1,500 and 2,400 m) elevation, due to orographic lift.:69 Above 8,000 feet (2,400 m), precipitation diminishes on the western slope up to the crest, since most of the precipitation has been wrung out at lower elevations. Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive <hl> less than 25 inches <hl> of precipitation per year. Summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are common, particularly during the North American Monsoon. Summer high temperatures average 42\u201390 \u00b0F (6\u201332 \u00b0C). Winters are comparatively mild, and the temperature is usually only just low enough to sustain a heavy snowpack; winter high temperatures at elevation average 35\u201315 \u00b0F (2 \u2013 \u22129 \u00b0C), and rarely dip below 0 \u00b0F (\u221218 \u00b0C).[citation needed] The growing season lasts 20 to 230 days, strongly dependent on elevation. The highest elevations of the Sierra have an alpine climate.", "sentence_answer": "Most parts of the range east of the crest are in a rain shadow, and receive <hl> less than 25 inches <hl> of precipitation per year.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4522b22cd4dfcfbe760"}
{"question": "What percentage of Ivy League  presidents are women?", "paragraph": "Second-wave feminism was largely successful, with the failure of the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment and Nixon's veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972 (which would have provided a multibillion-dollar national day care system) the only major legislative defeats. Efforts to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment have continued. Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. Furthermore, many women's groups are still active and are major political forces. As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. The salary of the average American woman has also increased over time, although as of 2008 it is only 77% of the average man's salary, a phenomenon often referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.", "answer": "half", "sentence": "As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men.", "paragraph_sentence": "Second-wave feminism was largely successful, with the failure of the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment and Nixon's veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972 (which would have provided a multibillion-dollar national day care system) the only major legislative defeats. Efforts to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment have continued. Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. Furthermore, many women's groups are still active and are major political forces. <hl> As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, half of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. <hl> The salary of the average American woman has also increased over time, although as of 2008 it is only 77% of the average man's salary, a phenomenon often referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.", "paragraph_answer": "Second-wave feminism was largely successful, with the failure of the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment and Nixon's veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Bill of 1972 (which would have provided a multibillion-dollar national day care system) the only major legislative defeats. Efforts to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment have continued. Ten states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex, and most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the Equal Rights Amendment. Furthermore, many women's groups are still active and are major political forces. As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, <hl> half <hl> of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men. The salary of the average American woman has also increased over time, although as of 2008 it is only 77% of the average man's salary, a phenomenon often referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2011[update], more women earn bachelor's degrees than men, <hl> half <hl> of the Ivy League presidents are women, the numbers of women in government and traditionally male-dominated fields have dramatically increased, and in 2009 the percentage of women in the American workforce temporarily surpassed that of men.", "paragraph_id": "5d6780dc2b22cd4dfcfbfda4"}
{"question": "In what year was New Amsterdam founded?", "paragraph": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s.\nTraces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "answer": "1625", "sentence": "The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. <hl> The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. <hl> The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s. Traces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "paragraph_answer": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in <hl> 1625 <hl> and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s. Traces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "sentence_answer": "The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in <hl> 1625 <hl> and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e59a2b22cd4dfcfbd1a7"}
{"question": "What was Senator Joe Lieberman running for in 2000?", "paragraph": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College.\nIn the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center.\nIn 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "answer": "running mate", "sentence": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. <hl> Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his <hl> running mate <hl> Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "sentence_answer": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his <hl> running mate <hl> Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith.", "paragraph_id": "5d66192a2b22cd4dfcfbd889"}
{"question": "How are the M1 and M2 connected to the M4?", "paragraph": "The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines (the M1 and M2 on the European side, and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction. The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus by the Marmaray tunnel, inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia. With the Marmaray's completion, rail use in the city is expected to increase to 28 percent (from 4 percent), behind only Tokyo and New York City. Until then, buses provide transportation within and between the two halves of the city, accommodating 2.2 million passenger trips each day. The Metrobus, a form of bus rapid transit, crosses the Bosphorus Bridge, with dedicated lanes leading to its termini. \u0130DO (Istanbul Seabuses) runs a combination of all-passenger ferries and car-and-passenger ferries to ports on both sides of the Bosphorus, as far north as the Black Sea. With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, \u0130DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. The city's main cruise ship terminal is the Port of Istanbul in Karak\u00f6y, with a capacity of 10,000 passengers per hour. Most visitors enter Istanbul by air, but about half a million foreign tourists enter the city by sea each year.", "answer": "by the Marmaray tunnel", "sentence": "The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus by the Marmaray tunnel , inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines (the M1 and M2 on the European side, and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction. <hl> The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus by the Marmaray tunnel , inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia. <hl> With the Marmaray's completion, rail use in the city is expected to increase to 28 percent (from 4 percent), behind only Tokyo and New York City. Until then, buses provide transportation within and between the two halves of the city, accommodating 2.2 million passenger trips each day. The Metrobus, a form of bus rapid transit, crosses the Bosphorus Bridge, with dedicated lanes leading to its termini. \u0130DO (Istanbul Seabuses) runs a combination of all-passenger ferries and car-and-passenger ferries to ports on both sides of the Bosphorus, as far north as the Black Sea. With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, \u0130DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. The city's main cruise ship terminal is the Port of Istanbul in Karak\u00f6y, with a capacity of 10,000 passengers per hour. Most visitors enter Istanbul by air, but about half a million foreign tourists enter the city by sea each year.", "paragraph_answer": "The Istanbul Metro comprises three lines (the M1 and M2 on the European side, and the M4 on the Asian side) with several other lines (such as the M3, M5, M7, and M6 Mini-Metro) and extensions under construction. The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus <hl> by the Marmaray tunnel <hl>, inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia. With the Marmaray's completion, rail use in the city is expected to increase to 28 percent (from 4 percent), behind only Tokyo and New York City. Until then, buses provide transportation within and between the two halves of the city, accommodating 2.2 million passenger trips each day. The Metrobus, a form of bus rapid transit, crosses the Bosphorus Bridge, with dedicated lanes leading to its termini. \u0130DO (Istanbul Seabuses) runs a combination of all-passenger ferries and car-and-passenger ferries to ports on both sides of the Bosphorus, as far north as the Black Sea. With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, \u0130DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. The city's main cruise ship terminal is the Port of Istanbul in Karak\u00f6y, with a capacity of 10,000 passengers per hour. Most visitors enter Istanbul by air, but about half a million foreign tourists enter the city by sea each year.", "sentence_answer": "The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus <hl> by the Marmaray tunnel <hl> , inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia.", "paragraph_id": "5d66042a2b22cd4dfcfbd59c"}
{"question": "In what year was the Ottoman constitution passed?", "paragraph": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "answer": "1876", "sentence": "Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts.", "paragraph_sentence": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. <hl> Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. <hl> This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "paragraph_answer": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of <hl> 1876 <hl> aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "sentence_answer": "Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of <hl> 1876 <hl> aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b88a2b22cd4dfcfbe458"}
{"question": "What is the most common employed semantics for second and higher-order logic?", "paragraph": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "answer": "full semantics", "sentence": "The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics .", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. <hl> The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as full semantics . <hl> The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike first-order logic, for which only one semantics is studied, there are several possible semantics for second-order logic. The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as <hl> full semantics <hl>. The combination of additional quantifiers and the full semantics for these quantifiers makes higher-order logic stronger than first-order logic. In particular, the (semantic) logical consequence relation for second-order and higher-order logic is not semidecidable; there is no effective deduction system for second-order logic that is sound and complete under full semantics.", "sentence_answer": "The most commonly employed semantics for second-order and higher-order logic is known as <hl> full semantics <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6671f22b22cd4dfcfbdf36"}
{"question": "When the size of raindrops enlarge what shape do they take?", "paragraph": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration.  Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops.  The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "answer": "more oblate", "sentence": "As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate , with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow.", "paragraph_sentence": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. <hl> As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes more oblate , with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. <hl> Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "paragraph_answer": "Raindrops have sizes ranging from 0.1 millimetres (0.0039 in) to 9 millimetres (0.35 in) mean diameter, above which they tend to break up. Smaller drops are called cloud droplets, and their shape is spherical. As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes <hl> more oblate <hl>, with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow. Contrary to the cartoon pictures of raindrops, their shape does not resemble a teardrop. Intensity and duration of rainfall are usually inversely related, i.e., high intensity storms are likely to be of short duration and low intensity storms can have a long duration. Rain drops associated with melting hail tend to be larger than other rain drops. The METAR code for rain is RA, while the coding for rain showers is SHRA.", "sentence_answer": "As a raindrop increases in size, its shape becomes <hl> more oblate <hl> , with its largest cross-section facing the oncoming airflow.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d0ef2b22cd4dfcfc0297"}
{"question": "Who explained the mechanism of so called Long War for the West?", "paragraph": "In recent years historians have enlarged their perspective to cover the entire Atlantic world in a subfield now known as Atlantic history. Of special interest are such themes as international migration, trade, colonization, comparative military and governmental institutions, the transmission of religions and missionary work, and the slave trade. It was the Age of the Enlightenment, and ideas flowed back and forth across the Atlantic, with Philadelphian Benjamin Franklin playing a major role. Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg, (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations (Indians) and the United States fought a series of conflicts that can be called a \"Long War for the West\" over control of the region.", "answer": "Furstenberg", "sentence": "Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg , (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations (Indians) and the United States fought a series of conflicts that can be called a \"Long War for the West\" over control of the region.", "paragraph_sentence": "In recent years historians have enlarged their perspective to cover the entire Atlantic world in a subfield now known as Atlantic history. Of special interest are such themes as international migration, trade, colonization, comparative military and governmental institutions, the transmission of religions and missionary work, and the slave trade. It was the Age of the Enlightenment, and ideas flowed back and forth across the Atlantic, with Philadelphian Benjamin Franklin playing a major role. <hl> Warfare was critical, for as Furstenberg , (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations (Indians) and the United States fought a series of conflicts that can be called a \"Long War for the West\" over control of the region. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years historians have enlarged their perspective to cover the entire Atlantic world in a subfield now known as Atlantic history. Of special interest are such themes as international migration, trade, colonization, comparative military and governmental institutions, the transmission of religions and missionary work, and the slave trade. It was the Age of the Enlightenment, and ideas flowed back and forth across the Atlantic, with Philadelphian Benjamin Franklin playing a major role. Warfare was critical, for as <hl> Furstenberg <hl>, (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations (Indians) and the United States fought a series of conflicts that can be called a \"Long War for the West\" over control of the region.", "sentence_answer": "Warfare was critical, for as <hl> Furstenberg <hl> , (2008) explains, from 1754 to 1815, the major imperial players \u2013 Britain, the American colonies, Spain, France, the First Nations (Indians) and the United States fought a series of conflicts that can be called a \"Long War for the West\" over control of the region.", "paragraph_id": "5d676e292b22cd4dfcfbfb41"}
{"question": "What does AHAR stand for?", "paragraph": "Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress (AHAR), released in June of every year since 2007. The AHAR report relies on data from two sources: single-night, point-in-time counts of both sheltered and unsheltered homeless populations reported on the Continuum of Care applications to HUD; and counts of the sheltered homeless population over a full year provided by a sample of communities based on data in their Management Information Systems (HMIS).", "answer": "Annual Homeless Assessment Report", "sentence": "Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress (AHAR), released in June of every year since 2007.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress (AHAR), released in June of every year since 2007. <hl> The AHAR report relies on data from two sources: single-night, point-in-time counts of both sheltered and unsheltered homeless populations reported on the Continuum of Care applications to HUD; and counts of the sheltered homeless population over a full year provided by a sample of communities based on data in their Management Information Systems (HMIS).", "paragraph_answer": "Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the <hl> Annual Homeless Assessment Report <hl> to Congress (AHAR), released in June of every year since 2007. The AHAR report relies on data from two sources: single-night, point-in-time counts of both sheltered and unsheltered homeless populations reported on the Continuum of Care applications to HUD; and counts of the sheltered homeless population over a full year provided by a sample of communities based on data in their Management Information Systems (HMIS).", "sentence_answer": "Perhaps the most accurate, comprehensive, and current data on homelessness in the United States is reported annually by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the <hl> Annual Homeless Assessment Report <hl> to Congress (AHAR), released in June of every year since 2007.", "paragraph_id": "5d6693122b22cd4dfcfbe2cf"}
{"question": "What are the some of the problems of replacing lead in a lead and tin alloy?", "paragraph": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead, tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the use of lead in such alloys has decreased. Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems. Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.", "answer": "a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems", "sentence": "Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead, tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the use of lead in such alloys has decreased. <hl> Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems . <hl> Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead, tin accounting for 5 to 70% w/w. Tin forms a eutectic mixture with lead containing 63% tin and 37% lead. Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the use of lead in such alloys has decreased. Replacing lead has many problems, including <hl> a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems <hl>. Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.", "sentence_answer": "Replacing lead has many problems, including <hl> a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670b8a2b22cd4dfcfbebf9"}
{"question": "What was a result of recovering histories that were overlooked?", "paragraph": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\" She describes \"retrofitted memory\" as a form of countermemory that creates a transformative and fluid alternative archive that creates space for women's feminist consciousness within the hegemonic narratives which erase them. By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused.", "answer": "new forms of consciousness", "sentence": "By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. <hl> By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, new forms of consciousness are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\" <hl> She describes \"retrofitted memory\" as a form of countermemory that creates a transformative and fluid alternative archive that creates space for women's feminist consciousness within the hegemonic narratives which erase them. By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused.", "paragraph_answer": "Feminist scholars, particularly those from the late 20th and early 21st centuries to the present-day, have revisited diverse writings, oral histories, artwork, and artifacts of women of color, working-class women, and lesbians during the early 1960s to the early 1980s to decenter the dominant historical narratives of the second-wave of the women's liberation movement, allowing the scope of the historical understanding of feminist consciousness to expand and transform. By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, <hl> new forms of consciousness <hl> are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\" She describes \"retrofitted memory\" as a form of countermemory that creates a transformative and fluid alternative archive that creates space for women's feminist consciousness within the hegemonic narratives which erase them. By looking within the gaps and crevices of the second-wave, fragments of historical knowledge and memory are discovered, and new historical feminist subjects as well as new perspectives about the past emerge, forcing existing dominant histories that claim to represent a universal experience to be decentered and refocused.", "sentence_answer": "By recovering histories that have been erased and overlooked, <hl> new forms of consciousness <hl> are created, establishing alternative registers of moral and political meaning and authority through what Maylei Blackwell termed \"retrofitted memory.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66f1382b22cd4dfcfbe6a1"}
{"question": "What is attributed to infrastructure investment?", "paragraph": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "answer": "job creation", "sentence": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_sentence": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. <hl> Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 job creation arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. <hl> These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "paragraph_answer": "A variety of options for creating jobs exist, but these are strongly debated and often have tradeoffs in terms of additional government debt, adverse environmental impact, and impact on corporate profitability. Examples include infrastructure investment, tax reform, healthcare cost reduction, energy policy and carbon price certainty, reducing the cost to hire employees, education and training, deregulation, and trade policy. Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 <hl> job creation <hl> arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic. These are hotly debated by experts from across the political spectrum.", "sentence_answer": "Authors Bittle & Johnson of Public agenda explained the pros and cons of 14 <hl> job creation <hl> arguments frequently discussed, several of which are summarized below by topic.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e3e2b22cd4dfcfbec7f"}
{"question": "Who won the 2010 general election for governor of Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "answer": "Dannel Malloy", "sentence": "As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats.", "paragraph_sentence": "The governor heads the executive branch. <hl> As of 2011[update], Dannel Malloy is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. <hl> Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "paragraph_answer": "The governor heads the executive branch. As of 2011[update], <hl> Dannel Malloy <hl> is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats. Malloy, the former mayor of Stamford, won the 2010 general election for Governor, and was sworn in on January 5, 2011. From 1639 until the adoption of the 1818 constitution, the governor presided over the General Assembly. In 1974, Ella Grasso was elected as the governor of Connecticut. This was the first time in United States history when a woman was a governor without her husband being governor first.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2011[update], <hl> Dannel Malloy <hl> is the Governor and Nancy Wyman is the Lieutenant Governor, both are Democrats.", "paragraph_id": "5d667e782b22cd4dfcfbe0a8"}
{"question": "Can reliefs be diverse in their presentation?", "paragraph": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative.  Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\".  Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "answer": "reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts", "sentence": "The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "paragraph_sentence": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\". Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. <hl> The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\". Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient <hl> reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts <hl> decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "sentence_answer": "The subject of reliefs is for convenient <hl> reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts <hl> decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6652b22cd4dfcfbe7ef"}
{"question": "When did Friedan step down as president of NOW?", "paragraph": "Despite the early successes NOW achieved under Friedan's leadership, her decision to pressure the Equal Employment Opportunity to use Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act to enforce more job opportunities among American women met with fierce opposition within the organization. Siding with arguments among several of the group's African-American members, many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities than women within the middle and upper class. Friedan stepped down as president in 1969.", "answer": "1969", "sentence": "Friedan stepped down as president in 1969 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite the early successes NOW achieved under Friedan's leadership, her decision to pressure the Equal Employment Opportunity to use Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act to enforce more job opportunities among American women met with fierce opposition within the organization. Siding with arguments among several of the group's African-American members, many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities than women within the middle and upper class. <hl> Friedan stepped down as president in 1969 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Despite the early successes NOW achieved under Friedan's leadership, her decision to pressure the Equal Employment Opportunity to use Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act to enforce more job opportunities among American women met with fierce opposition within the organization. Siding with arguments among several of the group's African-American members, many of NOW's leaders were convinced that the vast number of male African-Americans who lived below the poverty line were in need of more job opportunities than women within the middle and upper class. Friedan stepped down as president in <hl> 1969 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Friedan stepped down as president in <hl> 1969 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67143f2b22cd4dfcfbee56"}
{"question": "Which territory did the Partisans increasingly control?", "paragraph": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "answer": "Yugoslav territory.", "sentence": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. <hl> At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of <hl> Yugoslav territory. <hl> These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "sentence_answer": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of <hl> Yugoslav territory. <hl> These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707f42b22cd4dfcfbeb55"}
{"question": "Using the x notation format, what is the abbreviation for crystallization?", "paragraph": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "answer": "Crxn", "sentence": "Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "paragraph_sentence": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. <hl> Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include <hl> Crxn <hl> for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "sentence_answer": "Examples include <hl> Crxn <hl> for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "paragraph_id": "5d65a5d02b22cd4dfcfbcab8"}
{"question": "What types of work use more low-relief sculpture?", "paragraph": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "answer": "private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings", "sentence": "Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings , more often used low relief.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. <hl> Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings , more often used low relief. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as <hl> private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings <hl>, more often used low relief.", "sentence_answer": "Smaller Greek sculptures such as <hl> private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings <hl> , more often used low relief.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fbf22b22cd4dfcfc04dc"}
{"question": "Whose traditions do Australian medical schools follow?", "paragraph": "Historically, Australian medical schools have followed the British tradition by conferring the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) to its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates. Although the majority of Australian MBBS degrees have been graduate programs since the 1990s, under the previous Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) they remained categorised as Level 7 Bachelor's degrees together with other undergraduate programs.", "answer": "British", "sentence": "Historically, Australian medical schools have followed the British tradition by conferring the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) to its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Historically, Australian medical schools have followed the British tradition by conferring the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) to its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates. <hl> Although the majority of Australian MBBS degrees have been graduate programs since the 1990s, under the previous Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) they remained categorised as Level 7 Bachelor's degrees together with other undergraduate programs.", "paragraph_answer": "Historically, Australian medical schools have followed the <hl> British <hl> tradition by conferring the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) to its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates. Although the majority of Australian MBBS degrees have been graduate programs since the 1990s, under the previous Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF) they remained categorised as Level 7 Bachelor's degrees together with other undergraduate programs.", "sentence_answer": "Historically, Australian medical schools have followed the <hl> British <hl> tradition by conferring the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) to its graduates whilst reserving the title of Doctor of Medicine (MD) for their research training degree, analogous to the PhD, or for their honorary doctorates.", "paragraph_id": "5d6694822b22cd4dfcfbe308"}
{"question": "What was the term used to describe the disputes?", "paragraph": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season.  The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "answer": "\"Locked Out.\"", "sentence": "The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season.", "paragraph_sentence": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. <hl> The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or \"Locked Out.\" After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season. <hl> The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "NHL Lockouts Further on down the line in 2004, there was turmoil in the NHL between the owners and the players over the rapidly rising payroll costs. The owners insisted on the players accepting a salary cap that would slow the rising payroll. The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or <hl> \"Locked Out.\" <hl> After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season. The same thing happened again during the 2012-2013 regular season, the NHL was locked out for half of the season due to the owners and the NHL Players' Association could not reach a new agreement before the end of the collective bargaining agreement on September 16, 2012.", "sentence_answer": "The players did not accept the owners offer, causing the 2004-2005 NHL season to be cancelled or <hl> \"Locked Out.\" <hl> After this lockout, the owners ultimately won the battle for a salary cap, and the league resumed play in the 2005-2006 season.", "paragraph_id": "5d661de62b22cd4dfcfbd936"}
{"question": "What year were the proposed spending cuts for?", "paragraph": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013, which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided. The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013, with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs. The fiscal cliff was partially addressed by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.", "answer": "2013", "sentence": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013 , which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in 2013 , which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. <hl> Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided. The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013, with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs. The fiscal cliff was partially addressed by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in <hl> 2013 <hl>, which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half. Critics argued that with an employment crisis, such fiscal austerity was premature and misguided. The Congressional Budget Office projected that such sharp deficit reduction would likely cause the U.S. to enter recession in 2013, with the unemployment rate rising to 9% versus approximately 8% in 2012, costing over 1 million jobs. The fiscal cliff was partially addressed by the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012.", "sentence_answer": "During 2012, there was significant debate regarding approximately $560 billion in tax increases and spending cuts scheduled to go into effect in <hl> 2013 <hl> , which would reduce the 2013 budget deficit roughly in half.", "paragraph_id": "5d670b2f2b22cd4dfcfbebd1"}
{"question": "What body is charged with ranking universities regarding a universities programs?", "paragraph": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "answer": "National Research Council", "sentence": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest National Research Council rankings. <hl> Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "paragraph_answer": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest <hl> National Research Council <hl> rankings. Particularly well regarded programs include Pitt's Department of Philosophy, which has long been renowned in the U.S. and worldwide, and is especially strong in the areas of mathematical and philosophical logic, metaphysics, history and philosophy of science, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind and psychology, and semantics.", "sentence_answer": "Many of university's individual schools, departments, and programs are highly regarded in their particular field as evidenced by the number of Pitt programs that were ranked in the latest <hl> National Research Council <hl> rankings.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b99c2b22cd4dfcfc0099"}
{"question": "What time period did the Greek phrase \"to the city\" come from?", "paragraph": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks.  This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "answer": "Medieval", "sentence": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. <hl> This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "paragraph_answer": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the <hl> Medieval <hl> Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. This reflected its status as the only major city in the vicinity. The importance of Constantinople in the Ottoman world was also reflected by its Ottoman name 'Der Saadet' meaning the 'gate to Prosperity' in Ottoman. An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. A Turkish folk etymology traces the name to Islam bol \"plenty of Islam\" because the city was called Islambol (\"plenty of Islam\") or Islambul (\"find Islam\") as the capital of the Islamic Ottoman Empire. It is first attested shortly after the conquest, and its invention was ascribed by some contemporary writers to Sultan Mehmed II himself. Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya \u00c7elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. The first use of the word \"Islambol\" on coinage was in 1703 (1115 AH) during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. Nevertheless, the use of the name Constantinople remained common in English into the 20th century, Istanbul became common only after Turkey adapted the Latin alphabet in 1928 and urged other countries to use the city's Turkish name. The Vikings were sailing down the Russian rivers from the North Sea, entering the Black Sea and arriving in Constantinople around the 10th century. They used to call Constantinople \"Miklagard\" meaning the \"Big City\".", "sentence_answer": "The name \u0130stanbul (Turkish pronunciation: [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen), colloquially [\u026fs\u02c8tambu\u026b]) is commonly held to derive from the <hl> Medieval <hl> Greek phrase \"\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\" (pronounced [is tim \u02c8bolin]), which means \"to the city\" and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2ce2b22cd4dfcfbcbe6"}
{"question": "How many miles is Silchar from Imphal?", "paragraph": "Tulihal Airport, Changangei, Imphal, the only airport of Manipur, connects directly with Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati, and Agartala. It has been upgraded as an International airport. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. National Highway NH-39 links Manipur with the rest of the country through the railway stations at Dimapur in Nagaland at a distance of 215 km (134 mi) from Imphal. National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km (167 mi) away from Imphal. The road network of Manipur, with a length of 7,170 km (4,460 mi) connects all the important towns and distant villages.", "answer": "167", "sentence": "National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km ( 167 mi) away from Imphal.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tulihal Airport, Changangei, Imphal, the only airport of Manipur, connects directly with Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati, and Agartala. It has been upgraded as an International airport. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. National Highway NH-39 links Manipur with the rest of the country through the railway stations at Dimapur in Nagaland at a distance of 215 km (134 mi) from Imphal. <hl> National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km ( 167 mi) away from Imphal. <hl> The road network of Manipur, with a length of 7,170 km (4,460 mi) connects all the important towns and distant villages.", "paragraph_answer": "Tulihal Airport, Changangei, Imphal, the only airport of Manipur, connects directly with Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati, and Agartala. It has been upgraded as an International airport. As India's second largest airport in the northeast, it serves as a key logistical centre for northeastern states. National Highway NH-39 links Manipur with the rest of the country through the railway stations at Dimapur in Nagaland at a distance of 215 km (134 mi) from Imphal. National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km (<hl> 167 <hl> mi) away from Imphal. The road network of Manipur, with a length of 7,170 km (4,460 mi) connects all the important towns and distant villages.", "sentence_answer": "National Highway 53 (India) connects Manipur with another railway station at Silchar in Assam, which is 269 km ( <hl> 167 <hl> mi) away from Imphal.", "paragraph_id": "5d6764ef2b22cd4dfcfbf9b9"}
{"question": "How many years of clinical internship are required?", "paragraph": "In Pakistan, the equivalent degree is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). The MBBS is awarded as the basic medical qualification after completing five years of study. This comprises two years of basic science subjects including anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, with a particular emphasis on human anatomy. Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. Finally, the student is required to work for one year under a professor, before one is awarded the degree of MBBS with license to practice. So the total duration of the MBBS degree is six years in Pakistan. For specialization, one has to pass the Fellow of College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan (FCPS) exam part 1 in the field in of specialization and obtain an internship in the field for three to six years. Next, one can take the FCPS exam part 2, which includes intensive practical exams. Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded. Medical Universities are awarding MD/MS/MDS of four to six years' duration on successful completion of residency program in a university hospital. These are terminal qualifications and similar to the FRCS/MRCP. Tough entry tests are passed successfully before entering into a medical college. Medical colleges and foreign medical qualifications are supervised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). Specialized degrees are awarded by the Pakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons.\nIn basic medical sciences such as Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology etc., the research postgraduate degree awarded by many universities is M.Phil, which has a mandatory prerequisite of a minimum of two years of Demonstratorship in relevant subjects in a recognized Medical College. The M.Phil course is two to four years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of a research thesis in basic sciences similar to the MD program in India. Including two years of a mandatory training period as demonstratorship, the total M.Phil duration in Pakistan for a six-year MBBS degree holder thus becomes 4 to 6 years.\nMany universities in conjunction with tertiary hospitals offer coursework towards the MD and MS degrees as well.\nIn certain known universities of Pakistan like Dow Medical College  is now being offered a complete blend of all the subjects at modular level. Not just anatomy, physiology and biochemistry is being taught; pathology, community med, behavioral sciences, research, pharmacology, orthopedics, clinical faculty, neurology faculty etc. weigh very high in some modules during the first two years of MBBS. Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum. They are having pathophysiological and pharmacological dynasties of medicine at the same ground.", "answer": "three years of clinical internship", "sentence": "Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Pakistan, the equivalent degree is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). The MBBS is awarded as the basic medical qualification after completing five years of study. This comprises two years of basic science subjects including anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, with a particular emphasis on human anatomy. <hl> Subsequently, there are three years of clinical internship and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. <hl> Finally, the student is required to work for one year under a professor, before one is awarded the degree of MBBS with license to practice. So the total duration of the MBBS degree is six years in Pakistan. For specialization, one has to pass the Fellow of College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan (FCPS) exam part 1 in the field in of specialization and obtain an internship in the field for three to six years. Next, one can take the FCPS exam part 2, which includes intensive practical exams. Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded. Medical Universities are awarding MD/MS/MDS of four to six years' duration on successful completion of residency program in a university hospital. These are terminal qualifications and similar to the FRCS/MRCP. Tough entry tests are passed successfully before entering into a medical college. Medical colleges and foreign medical qualifications are supervised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). Specialized degrees are awarded by the Pakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons. In basic medical sciences such as Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology etc., the research postgraduate degree awarded by many universities is M.Phil, which has a mandatory prerequisite of a minimum of two years of Demonstratorship in relevant subjects in a recognized Medical College. The M.Phil course is two to four years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of a research thesis in basic sciences similar to the MD program in India. Including two years of a mandatory training period as demonstratorship, the total M.Phil duration in Pakistan for a six-year MBBS degree holder thus becomes 4 to 6 years. Many universities in conjunction with tertiary hospitals offer coursework towards the MD and MS degrees as well. In certain known universities of Pakistan like Dow Medical College is now being offered a complete blend of all the subjects at modular level. Not just anatomy, physiology and biochemistry is being taught; pathology, community med, behavioral sciences, research, pharmacology, orthopedics, clinical faculty, neurology faculty etc. weigh very high in some modules during the first two years of MBBS. Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum. They are having pathophysiological and pharmacological dynasties of medicine at the same ground.", "paragraph_answer": "In Pakistan, the equivalent degree is MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery). The MBBS is awarded as the basic medical qualification after completing five years of study. This comprises two years of basic science subjects including anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, with a particular emphasis on human anatomy. Subsequently, there are <hl> three years of clinical internship <hl> and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology. Finally, the student is required to work for one year under a professor, before one is awarded the degree of MBBS with license to practice. So the total duration of the MBBS degree is six years in Pakistan. For specialization, one has to pass the Fellow of College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan (FCPS) exam part 1 in the field in of specialization and obtain an internship in the field for three to six years. Next, one can take the FCPS exam part 2, which includes intensive practical exams. Upon successful completion, a fellow of the relevant specialty is awarded. Medical Universities are awarding MD/MS/MDS of four to six years' duration on successful completion of residency program in a university hospital. These are terminal qualifications and similar to the FRCS/MRCP. Tough entry tests are passed successfully before entering into a medical college. Medical colleges and foreign medical qualifications are supervised by the Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC). Specialized degrees are awarded by the Pakistan College of Physicians and Surgeons. In basic medical sciences such as Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Pathology etc., the research postgraduate degree awarded by many universities is M.Phil, which has a mandatory prerequisite of a minimum of two years of Demonstratorship in relevant subjects in a recognized Medical College. The M.Phil course is two to four years and is a research postgraduate degree, containing submission and defence of a research thesis in basic sciences similar to the MD program in India. Including two years of a mandatory training period as demonstratorship, the total M.Phil duration in Pakistan for a six-year MBBS degree holder thus becomes 4 to 6 years. Many universities in conjunction with tertiary hospitals offer coursework towards the MD and MS degrees as well. In certain known universities of Pakistan like Dow Medical College is now being offered a complete blend of all the subjects at modular level. Not just anatomy, physiology and biochemistry is being taught; pathology, community med, behavioral sciences, research, pharmacology, orthopedics, clinical faculty, neurology faculty etc. weigh very high in some modules during the first two years of MBBS. Also, the craze of getting an MD is at peak nowadays because of the integrated curriculum. They are having pathophysiological and pharmacological dynasties of medicine at the same ground.", "sentence_answer": "Subsequently, there are <hl> three years of clinical internship <hl> and courses on medicine surgery and pharmacology.", "paragraph_id": "5d6682ac2b22cd4dfcfbe13e"}
{"question": "What rank does Istanbul rank among the world's largest cities?", "paragraph": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side.\nThe city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "answer": "ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper", "sentence": "Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. <hl> Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and <hl> ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper <hl> and the largest European city.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and <hl> ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper <hl> and the largest European city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d9372b22cd4dfcfbcef7"}
{"question": "What did Bhagyachandra and his successors do?", "paragraph": "Neighbouring cultures each had differing names for Manipur and its people. The Shan or Pong called the area Cassay, the Burmese Kathe, and the Assamese Meklee. In the first treaty between the British East India Company and Meidingu Chingthangkhomba (Bhagyachandra) signed in 1762, the kingdom was recorded as Meckley. Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with \"Manipureshwar\", or \"lord of Manipur\", and the British discarded the name Meckley. Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name.", "answer": "Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with \"Manipureshwar\", or \"lord of Manipur\", and the British discarded the name Meckley.", "sentence": "Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with \"Manipureshwar\", or \"lord of Manipur\", and the British discarded the name Meckley. Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neighbouring cultures each had differing names for Manipur and its people. The Shan or Pong called the area Cassay, the Burmese Kathe, and the Assamese Meklee. In the first treaty between the British East India Company and Meidingu Chingthangkhomba (Bhagyachandra) signed in 1762, the kingdom was recorded as Meckley. <hl> Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with \"Manipureshwar\", or \"lord of Manipur\", and the British discarded the name Meckley. Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Neighbouring cultures each had differing names for Manipur and its people. The Shan or Pong called the area Cassay, the Burmese Kathe, and the Assamese Meklee. In the first treaty between the British East India Company and Meidingu Chingthangkhomba (Bhagyachandra) signed in 1762, the kingdom was recorded as Meckley. <hl> Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with \"Manipureshwar\", or \"lord of Manipur\", and the British discarded the name Meckley. <hl> Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Bhagyachandra and his successors issued coins engraved with \"Manipureshwar\", or \"lord of Manipur\", and the British discarded the name Meckley. <hl> Later on, the work Dharani Samhita (1825\u201334) popularised the Sanskrit legends of the origin of Manipur's name.", "paragraph_id": "5d6701f52b22cd4dfcfbea1a"}
{"question": "What was Gomer Berry's name after he was ennobled?", "paragraph": "There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as Lord Camrose and Viscount Kemsley respectively. Under their ownership, The Sunday Times continued its reputation for innovation: on 23 November 1930, it became the first Sunday newspaper to publish a 40-page issue and on 21 January 1940, news replaced advertising on the front page.", "answer": "Viscount Kemsley", "sentence": "There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as Lord Camrose and Viscount Kemsley respectively.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as Lord Camrose and Viscount Kemsley respectively. <hl> Under their ownership, The Sunday Times continued its reputation for innovation: on 23 November 1930, it became the first Sunday newspaper to publish a 40-page issue and on 21 January 1940, news replaced advertising on the front page.", "paragraph_answer": "There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as Lord Camrose and <hl> Viscount Kemsley <hl> respectively. Under their ownership, The Sunday Times continued its reputation for innovation: on 23 November 1930, it became the first Sunday newspaper to publish a 40-page issue and on 21 January 1940, news replaced advertising on the front page.", "sentence_answer": "There was a further change of ownership in 1903, and then in 1915 the paper was bought by William Berry and his brother, Gomer Berry, later ennobled as Lord Camrose and <hl> Viscount Kemsley <hl> respectively.", "paragraph_id": "5d6759872b22cd4dfcfbf7f0"}
{"question": "What is the last league listed?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "answer": "Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League", "sentence": "While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League , and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. <hl> While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League , and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. <hl> The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, <hl> Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League <hl>, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "sentence_answer": "While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, <hl> Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League <hl> , and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams.", "paragraph_id": "5d668fb42b22cd4dfcfbe263"}
{"question": "What culture domesticated the llama?", "paragraph": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "answer": "Inca Empire", "sentence": "Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. <hl> Some cultures like the Inca Empire did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. <hl> According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout the development of sedentary societies, disease spread more rapidly than it had during the time in which hunter-gatherer societies existed. Inadequate sanitary practices and the domestication of animals may explain the rise in deaths and sickness following the Neolithic Revolution, as diseases jumped from the animal to the human population. Some examples of diseases spread from animals to humans are influenza, smallpox, and measles. In concordance with a process of natural selection, the humans who first domesticated the big mammals quickly built up immunities to the diseases as within each generation the individuals with better immunities had better chances of survival. In their approximately 10,000 years of shared proximity with animals, such as cows, Eurasians and Africans became more resistant to those diseases compared with the indigenous populations encountered outside Eurasia and Africa. For instance, the population of most Caribbean and several Pacific Islands have been completely wiped out by diseases. 90% or more of many populations of the Americas were wiped out by European and African diseases before recorded contact with European explorers or colonists. Some cultures like the <hl> Inca Empire <hl> did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited. According to bioarchaeological research, the effects of agriculture on physical and dental health in Southeast Asian rice farming societies from 4000 to 1500 B.P. was not detrimental to the same extent as in other world regions.", "sentence_answer": "Some cultures like the <hl> Inca Empire <hl> did have a large domestic mammal, the llama, but llama milk was not drunk, nor did llamas live in a closed space with humans, so the risk of contagion was limited.", "paragraph_id": "5d67d1b62b22cd4dfcfc02ac"}
{"question": "What was Fiona McHugh's position?", "paragraph": "The paper is heavily editionalised, with extensive Irish coverage of politics, general news, business, personal finance, sport, culture and lifestyle. The office employs 25 people. The paper also has a number of well-known freelance columnists including Brenda Power, Liam Fay, Matt Cooper, Damien Kiberd, Jill Kerby and Stephen Price. The Irish edition has had four editors since it was set up: Ruddock, Rory Godson, Fiona McHugh and, since 2005, Frank Fitzgibbon.[citation needed]", "answer": "editors", "sentence": "The Irish edition has had four editors since it was set up: Ruddock, Rory Godson, Fiona McHugh and, since 2005, Frank Fitzgibbon.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The paper is heavily editionalised, with extensive Irish coverage of politics, general news, business, personal finance, sport, culture and lifestyle. The office employs 25 people. The paper also has a number of well-known freelance columnists including Brenda Power, Liam Fay, Matt Cooper, Damien Kiberd, Jill Kerby and Stephen Price. <hl> The Irish edition has had four editors since it was set up: Ruddock, Rory Godson, Fiona McHugh and, since 2005, Frank Fitzgibbon.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The paper is heavily editionalised, with extensive Irish coverage of politics, general news, business, personal finance, sport, culture and lifestyle. The office employs 25 people. The paper also has a number of well-known freelance columnists including Brenda Power, Liam Fay, Matt Cooper, Damien Kiberd, Jill Kerby and Stephen Price. The Irish edition has had four <hl> editors <hl> since it was set up: Ruddock, Rory Godson, Fiona McHugh and, since 2005, Frank Fitzgibbon.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The Irish edition has had four <hl> editors <hl> since it was set up: Ruddock, Rory Godson, Fiona McHugh and, since 2005, Frank Fitzgibbon.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d6752532b22cd4dfcfbf6df"}
{"question": "What day did the Ministry of Sound have Drum and Bass music on air?", "paragraph": "Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014, with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records. From September 2014, Ministry abruptly dropped all non-mainstream genres to focus on mainstream EDM, causing disappointment amongst the fans of the D&B community. Stations like Rough Tempo are proving very popular with listeners.", "answer": "Tuesday", "sentence": "Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014, with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014, with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring Tuesday shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records. <hl> From September 2014, Ministry abruptly dropped all non-mainstream genres to focus on mainstream EDM, causing disappointment amongst the fans of the D&B community. Stations like Rough Tempo are proving very popular with listeners.", "paragraph_answer": "Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014, with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring <hl> Tuesday <hl> shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records. From September 2014, Ministry abruptly dropped all non-mainstream genres to focus on mainstream EDM, causing disappointment amongst the fans of the D&B community. Stations like Rough Tempo are proving very popular with listeners.", "sentence_answer": "Drum and bass was supported by Ministry of Sound radio from the early 2000s until 2014, with Bryan Gee of V Recordings, and later featuring <hl> Tuesday <hl> shows from labels such as Metalheadz, Dispatch Recordings, Fabio & Grooverider, DJ Marky, DJ Bailey, Viper Recordings, Technique Recordings, Shogun Audio and Hospital Records.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671972b22cd4dfcfbdf25"}
{"question": "What caused a name change for the university in 1819?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh (commonly referred to as Pitt) is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy. It developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by a change to its charter in 1819. After surviving two devastating fires and various relocations within the area, the school moved to its current location in the Oakland neighborhood of the city; it was renamed as the University of Pittsburgh in 1908. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, until 1966 when it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education.", "answer": "change to its charter", "sentence": "a change to its charter in 1819.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh (commonly referred to as Pitt) is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy. It developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by <hl> a change to its charter in 1819. <hl> After surviving two devastating fires and various relocations within the area, the school moved to its current location in the Oakland neighborhood of the city; it was renamed as the University of Pittsburgh in 1908. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, until 1966 when it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh (commonly referred to as Pitt) is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy. It developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by a <hl> change to its charter <hl> in 1819. After surviving two devastating fires and various relocations within the area, the school moved to its current location in the Oakland neighborhood of the city; it was renamed as the University of Pittsburgh in 1908. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, until 1966 when it became part of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education.", "sentence_answer": "a <hl> change to its charter <hl> in 1819.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8352b22cd4dfcfbe84b"}
{"question": "Which country doesn't practice changing last names in marriage?", "paragraph": "In Chile, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change. However, in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "answer": "Chile", "sentence": "In Chile , marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Chile , marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change. <hl> However, in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> Chile <hl>, marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change. However, in some circles, it is still customary for a wife to use her husband's name as reference, as in \"Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s de Ram\u00edrez\" (literally Lady Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s (wife) of Ram\u00edrez).", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> Chile <hl> , marriage has no effect at all on either of the spouses' names, so people keep their birth names for all their life, no matter how many times marital status, theirs or that of their parents, may change.", "paragraph_id": "5d675e1b2b22cd4dfcfbf8c2"}
{"question": "Which is the most southern east coast city that upheld British culture?", "paragraph": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "answer": "Charleston", "sentence": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston , and Philadelphia saw their identity as British.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston , and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. <hl> Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "paragraph_answer": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, <hl> Charleston <hl>, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "sentence_answer": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, <hl> Charleston <hl> , and Philadelphia saw their identity as British.", "paragraph_id": "5d6632612b22cd4dfcfbdacb"}
{"question": "When was PLA formed?", "paragraph": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "answer": "the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China.", "sentence": "For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. <hl> For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. <hl> These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "paragraph_answer": "Manipur has had a long record of insurgency and inter-ethnic violence. The first armed opposition group in Manipur, the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), was founded in 1964, which declared that it wanted to gain independence from India and form Manipur as a new country. Over time, many more groups formed in Manipur, each with different goals, and deriving support from diverse ethnic groups in Manipur. For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, <hl> the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. <hl> In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed. These groups began a spree of bank robberies and attacks on police officers and government buildings. The state government appealed to the central government in New Delhi for support in combating this violence.", "sentence_answer": "For example, in 1977 the People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak (PREPAK) was formed, <hl> the People's Liberation Army (PLA) was formed in 1978 which Human Rights Watch states as having received arms and training from China. <hl> In 1980, the Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP) was formed.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702d92b22cd4dfcfbea51"}
{"question": "What's the consequence of increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines?", "paragraph": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability.", "answer": "can affect code readability", "sentence": "However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability .", "paragraph_sentence": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. <hl> However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines can affect code readability . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Proponents of modular programming (modularizing code) advocate that each subroutine should have minimal dependency on other pieces of code. For example, the use of global variables is generally deemed unwise by advocates for this perspective, because it adds tight coupling between the subroutine and these global variables. If such coupling is not necessary, their advice is to refactor subroutines to accept passed parameters instead. However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines <hl> can affect code readability <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "However, increasing the number of parameters passed to subroutines <hl> can affect code readability <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67e04a2b22cd4dfcfc0370"}
{"question": "In what year did Frederick Beer purchase The Sunday Times?", "paragraph": "The paper was bought in 1887 by Alice Cornwell, who had made her fortune in mining in Australia. She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer. Beer appointed his wife, Rachel Sassoon Beer, as editor. She was already editor of the Observer \u2013 the first woman to run a national newspaper \u2013 and continued to edit both titles until 1901.", "answer": "1893", "sentence": "She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer.", "paragraph_sentence": "The paper was bought in 1887 by Alice Cornwell, who had made her fortune in mining in Australia. <hl> She then sold it in 1893 to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer. <hl> Beer appointed his wife, Rachel Sassoon Beer, as editor. She was already editor of the Observer \u2013 the first woman to run a national newspaper \u2013 and continued to edit both titles until 1901.", "paragraph_answer": "The paper was bought in 1887 by Alice Cornwell, who had made her fortune in mining in Australia. She then sold it in <hl> 1893 <hl> to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer. Beer appointed his wife, Rachel Sassoon Beer, as editor. She was already editor of the Observer \u2013 the first woman to run a national newspaper \u2013 and continued to edit both titles until 1901.", "sentence_answer": "She then sold it in <hl> 1893 <hl> to Frederick Beer, who already owned the Observer.", "paragraph_id": "5d67582a2b22cd4dfcfbf7a9"}
{"question": "In what developed countries has homicide not been drastically reduced in the past century?", "paragraph": "Dozens of studies have been conducted on this topic since the twentieth century. A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that, \"In general, higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide, juvenile and early adult mortality, STD infection rates, teen pregnancy, and abortion in the prosperous democracies,\" and \"In all secular developing democracies a centuries long-term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows\" with the exceptions being the United States (with a high religiosity level) and \"theistic\" Portugal.[d]  In a response, Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul's study. His conclusion is that a \"complex relationship\" exists between religiosity and homicide \"with some\ndimensions of religiosity encouraging homicide and other dimensions discouraging it\". On April 26, 2012, the results of a study which tested their subjects' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which non-religious people had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness, such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train. Religious people also had lower scores when it came to seeing how much compassion motivated participants to be charitable in other ways, such as in giving money or food to a homeless person and to non-believers.", "answer": "the United States (with a high religiosity level) and \"theistic\" Portugal.", "sentence": "A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that, \"In general, higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide, juvenile and early adult mortality, STD infection rates, teen pregnancy, and abortion in the prosperous democracies,\" and \"In all secular developing democracies a centuries long-term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows\" with the exceptions being the United States (with a high religiosity level) and \"theistic\" Portugal. [d]  In a response, Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul's study.", "paragraph_sentence": "Dozens of studies have been conducted on this topic since the twentieth century. <hl> A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that, \"In general, higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide, juvenile and early adult mortality, STD infection rates, teen pregnancy, and abortion in the prosperous democracies,\" and \"In all secular developing democracies a centuries long-term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows\" with the exceptions being the United States (with a high religiosity level) and \"theistic\" Portugal. [d] In a response, Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul's study. <hl> His conclusion is that a \"complex relationship\" exists between religiosity and homicide \"with some dimensions of religiosity encouraging homicide and other dimensions discouraging it\". On April 26, 2012, the results of a study which tested their subjects' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which non-religious people had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness, such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train. Religious people also had lower scores when it came to seeing how much compassion motivated participants to be charitable in other ways, such as in giving money or food to a homeless person and to non-believers.", "paragraph_answer": "Dozens of studies have been conducted on this topic since the twentieth century. A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that, \"In general, higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide, juvenile and early adult mortality, STD infection rates, teen pregnancy, and abortion in the prosperous democracies,\" and \"In all secular developing democracies a centuries long-term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows\" with the exceptions being <hl> the United States (with a high religiosity level) and \"theistic\" Portugal. <hl>[d] In a response, Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul's study. His conclusion is that a \"complex relationship\" exists between religiosity and homicide \"with some dimensions of religiosity encouraging homicide and other dimensions discouraging it\". On April 26, 2012, the results of a study which tested their subjects' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which non-religious people had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness, such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train. Religious people also had lower scores when it came to seeing how much compassion motivated participants to be charitable in other ways, such as in giving money or food to a homeless person and to non-believers.", "sentence_answer": "A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that, \"In general, higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide, juvenile and early adult mortality, STD infection rates, teen pregnancy, and abortion in the prosperous democracies,\" and \"In all secular developing democracies a centuries long-term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows\" with the exceptions being <hl> the United States (with a high religiosity level) and \"theistic\" Portugal. <hl> [d] In a response, Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul's study.", "paragraph_id": "5d6709bd2b22cd4dfcfbeb8f"}
{"question": "What is the reflection of the point (-x, y) across the second coordinate axis?", "paragraph": "If (x, y) are the Cartesian coordinates of a point, then (\u2212x, y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the second coordinate axis (the Y-axis), as if that line were a mirror.  Likewise, (x, \u2212y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the first coordinate axis (the X-axis). In more generality, reflection across a line through the origin making an angle \n\n\n\n\u03b8\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\theta }\n\n with the x-axis, is equivalent to replacing every point with coordinates (x, y) by the point with coordinates (x\u2032,y\u2032), where", "answer": "(the Y-axis)", "sentence": "If (x, y) are the Cartesian coordinates of a point, then (\u2212x, y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the second coordinate axis (the Y-axis) , as if that line were a mirror.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> If (x, y) are the Cartesian coordinates of a point, then (\u2212x, y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the second coordinate axis (the Y-axis) , as if that line were a mirror. <hl> Likewise, (x, \u2212y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the first coordinate axis (the X-axis). In more generality, reflection across a line through the origin making an angle \u03b8 {\\displaystyle \\theta } with the x-axis, is equivalent to replacing every point with coordinates (x, y) by the point with coordinates (x\u2032,y\u2032), where", "paragraph_answer": "If (x, y) are the Cartesian coordinates of a point, then (\u2212x, y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the second coordinate axis <hl> (the Y-axis) <hl>, as if that line were a mirror. Likewise, (x, \u2212y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the first coordinate axis (the X-axis). In more generality, reflection across a line through the origin making an angle \u03b8 {\\displaystyle \\theta } with the x-axis, is equivalent to replacing every point with coordinates (x, y) by the point with coordinates (x\u2032,y\u2032), where", "sentence_answer": "If (x, y) are the Cartesian coordinates of a point, then (\u2212x, y) are the coordinates of its reflection across the second coordinate axis <hl> (the Y-axis) <hl> , as if that line were a mirror.", "paragraph_id": "5d6620df2b22cd4dfcfbd99c"}
{"question": "Who was the first organotin compound reported by?", "paragraph": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "answer": "Edward Frankland", "sentence": "The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849.", "paragraph_sentence": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. <hl> The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin\u2013carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by <hl> Edward Frankland <hl> in 1849.", "sentence_answer": "The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((C2H5)2SnI2), reported by <hl> Edward Frankland <hl> in 1849.", "paragraph_id": "5d676bef2b22cd4dfcfbfaec"}
{"question": "With which country did the Cheasepeake planters trade heavily?", "paragraph": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "answer": "England", "sentence": "As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England .", "paragraph_sentence": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). <hl> As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England . <hl> With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with <hl> England <hl>. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "sentence_answer": "As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with <hl> England <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d662af82b22cd4dfcfbda7c"}
{"question": "What connects the rods to the posts?", "paragraph": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl.  Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "answer": "screw pins", "sentence": "The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. <hl> The screw pins that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. <hl> Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "paragraph_answer": "Most saxophones, both past and present, are made from brass. Despite this, they are categorized as woodwind instruments rather than brass, as the sound waves are produced by an oscillating wood reed, not the player's lips against a mouthpiece as in a brass instrument, and because different pitches are produced by breath wind passing opening and closing keys. The <hl> screw pins <hl> that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel. Since 1920, most saxophones have 'key touches' (smooth replaceable pieces placed where the fingers touch the instrument) made from either plastic or mother of pearl. Recently, some saxophones are offered with abalone or stone keytouches.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> screw pins <hl> that connect the rods to the posts, as well as the needle and leaf springs that cause the keys to return to their rest position after being released, are generally made of blued or stainless steel.", "paragraph_id": "5d6767b52b22cd4dfcfbfa1c"}
{"question": "What is Atherosclerosis?", "paragraph": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "answer": "the major precursor of cardiovascular disease", "sentence": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease , begins in childhood.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease , begins in childhood. <hl> The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "paragraph_answer": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, <hl> the major precursor of cardiovascular disease <hl>, begins in childhood. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "sentence_answer": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, <hl> the major precursor of cardiovascular disease <hl> , begins in childhood.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d6702b22cd4dfcfbce8c"}
{"question": "In which academic year do the students take neurology course?", "paragraph": "The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung), administered nationally. Upon completion, the students advance to the clinical stage, where they receive three years of training and education in the clinical subjects (e.g., internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pathology, etc.). The last year of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). Students are required to spend three four-month clerkships, two of them in a hospital (internal medicine and surgery) as well as one elective, which can be one of the other clinical subjects (e. g. family medicine, anesthesiology, neurology, pediatrics, radiology etc.).", "answer": "last year", "sentence": "The last year of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ).", "paragraph_sentence": "The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung), administered nationally. Upon completion, the students advance to the clinical stage, where they receive three years of training and education in the clinical subjects (e.g., internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pathology, etc.). <hl> The last year of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). <hl> Students are required to spend three four-month clerkships, two of them in a hospital (internal medicine and surgery) as well as one elective, which can be one of the other clinical subjects (e. g. family medicine, anesthesiology, neurology, pediatrics, radiology etc.).", "paragraph_answer": "The first two years of medical school consist of the so-called pre-clinical classes. During this time, the students are instructed in the basic sciences (e.g. physics, chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) and must pass a federal medical exam (Erster Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung), administered nationally. Upon completion, the students advance to the clinical stage, where they receive three years of training and education in the clinical subjects (e.g., internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pathology, etc.). The <hl> last year <hl> of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ). Students are required to spend three four-month clerkships, two of them in a hospital (internal medicine and surgery) as well as one elective, which can be one of the other clinical subjects (e. g. family medicine, anesthesiology, neurology, pediatrics, radiology etc.).", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> last year <hl> of medical school consists of the so-called \"practical year\" (Praktisches Jahr, PJ).", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7212b22cd4dfcfbcea2"}
{"question": "What was the type of Bass and Drum known in mainstream UK?", "paragraph": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass.  Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's.  Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty.  Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal.  A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "answer": "clean and formal", "sentence": " Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass. Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's. Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty. <hl> Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was clean and formal . <hl> A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "paragraph_answer": "The Amen Break was the main starting influence for Drum and Bass. Jungle threw in more whistles and bells and MC's. Jungle has a distinct African flow which is dirty. Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was <hl> clean and formal <hl>. A very obvious and strong influence on jungle and drum and bass, thanks to the British African-Caribbean sound system scene, is the original Jamaican dub and reggae sound, with pioneers like King Tubby, Peter Tosh, Sly & Robbie, Bill Laswell, Lee Perry, Mad Professor, Roots Radics, Bob Marley and Buju Banton heavily influencing the music. This influence has lessened with time but is still evident with many tracks containing ragga vocals.", "sentence_answer": " Drum and Bass for mainstream UK was <hl> clean and formal <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65daa62b22cd4dfcfbcf2f"}
{"question": "At what time in history was the Ottoman Empire most powerful?", "paragraph": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque),  and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "answer": "the 16th and 17th centuries", "sentence": "The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque),  and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries .", "paragraph_sentence": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. <hl> The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in the 16th and 17th centuries . <hl> In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "paragraph_answer": "Among the oldest surviving examples of Ottoman architecture in Istanbul are the Anadoluhisar\u0131 and Rumelihisar\u0131 fortresses, which assisted the Ottomans during their siege of the city. Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. The largest palace, Topkap\u0131, includes a diverse array of architectural styles, from Baroque inside the Harem, to its Neoclassical style Ender\u00fbn Library. The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in <hl> the 16th and 17th centuries <hl>. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. An example of which is the imperial Nuruosmaniye Mosque. Areas around \u0130stiklal Avenue were filled with grand European embassies and rows of buildings in Neoclassical, Renaissance Revival and Art Nouveau styles, which went on to influence the architecture of a variety of structures in Beyo\u011flu\u2014including churches, stores, and theaters\u2014and official buildings such as Dolmabah\u00e7e Palace.", "sentence_answer": "The imperial mosques include Fatih Mosque, Bayezid Mosque, Yavuz Selim Mosque, S\u00fcleymaniye Mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), and Yeni Mosque, all of which were built at the peak of the Ottoman Empire, in <hl> the 16th and 17th centuries <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66b6ae2b22cd4dfcfbe442"}
{"question": "Theory satisfied by the real line would also be satisfied by what models?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem implies that infinite structures cannot be categorically axiomatized in first-order logic. For example, there is no first-order theory whose only model is the real line: any first-order theory with an infinite model also has a model of cardinality larger than the continuum. Since the real line is infinite, any theory satisfied by the real line is also satisfied by some nonstandard models. When the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem is applied to first-order set theories, the nonintuitive consequences are known as Skolem's paradox.", "answer": "nonstandard", "sentence": "Since the real line is infinite, any theory satisfied by the real line is also satisfied by some nonstandard models.", "paragraph_sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem implies that infinite structures cannot be categorically axiomatized in first-order logic. For example, there is no first-order theory whose only model is the real line: any first-order theory with an infinite model also has a model of cardinality larger than the continuum. <hl> Since the real line is infinite, any theory satisfied by the real line is also satisfied by some nonstandard models. <hl> When the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem is applied to first-order set theories, the nonintuitive consequences are known as Skolem's paradox.", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem implies that infinite structures cannot be categorically axiomatized in first-order logic. For example, there is no first-order theory whose only model is the real line: any first-order theory with an infinite model also has a model of cardinality larger than the continuum. Since the real line is infinite, any theory satisfied by the real line is also satisfied by some <hl> nonstandard <hl> models. When the L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem is applied to first-order set theories, the nonintuitive consequences are known as Skolem's paradox.", "sentence_answer": "Since the real line is infinite, any theory satisfied by the real line is also satisfied by some <hl> nonstandard <hl> models.", "paragraph_id": "5d671abd2b22cd4dfcfbef5e"}
{"question": "Pryamids can be scaled how much?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "answer": "almost infinitely", "sentence": "Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "paragraph_sentence": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. <hl> Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be <hl> almost infinitely <hl> scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "sentence_answer": "Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be <hl> almost infinitely <hl> scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "paragraph_id": "5d675e6b2b22cd4dfcfbf8ce"}
{"question": "What was the name of the storm?", "paragraph": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "answer": "\"Long Island Express\"", "sentence": "The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves.", "paragraph_sentence": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. <hl> The eye of the \"Long Island Express\" passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. <hl> The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "paragraph_answer": "On September 21, 1938, the most destructive storm in New England history struck eastern Connecticut, killing hundreds of people. The eye of the <hl> \"Long Island Express\" <hl> passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves. The hurricane caused extensive damage to infrastructure, homes, and businesses. In New London, a 500-foot sailing ship was driven into a warehouse complex, causing a major fire. Heavy rainfall caused the Connecticut River to flood downtown Hartford and East Hartford. An estimated 50,000 trees fell onto roadways.", "sentence_answer": "The eye of the <hl> \"Long Island Express\" <hl> passed just west of New Haven and devastated the Connecticut shoreline between Old Saybrook and Stonington, which lacked the partial protection provided by Long Island, N.Y. to points west from the full force of wind and waves.", "paragraph_id": "5d662bee2b22cd4dfcfbda85"}
{"question": "How are functions commonly defined?", "paragraph": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation. A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "answer": "a type of relation", "sentence": "Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Functions are commonly defined as a type of relation . <hl> A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "paragraph_answer": "Functions are commonly defined as <hl> a type of relation <hl>. A relation from X to Y is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) with x \u2208 X and y \u2208 Y. A function from X to Y can be described as a relation from X to Y that is left-total and right-unique. However, when X and Y are not specified there is a disagreement about the definition of a relation that parallels that for functions. Normally a relation is just defined as a set of ordered pairs and a correspondence is defined as a triple (X, Y, F), however the distinction between the two is often blurred or a relation is never referred to without specifying the two sets. The definition of a function as a triple defines a function as a type of correspondence, whereas the definition of a function as a set of ordered pairs defines a function as a type of relation.", "sentence_answer": "Functions are commonly defined as <hl> a type of relation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66be882b22cd4dfcfbe496"}
{"question": "What was the name of the plan that transitioned Russia into communism?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism first became a distinct philosophical movement in the Soviet Union during the 1920s, when Joseph Stalin and his supporters gained control of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks). It rejected the notions, common among Marxists at the time, of world revolution as a prerequisite for building socialism in Russia (in favor of the concept of Socialism in One Country), and of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism (signified by the introduction of the First Five-Year Plan). The internationalism of Marxism\u2013Leninism was expressed in supporting revolutions in foreign countries (e.g., initially through the Communist International or through the concept of \"socialist-leaning countries\" of late Soviet Union).", "answer": "First Five-Year Plan", "sentence": "It rejected the notions, common among Marxists at the time, of world revolution as a prerequisite for building socialism in Russia (in favor of the concept of Socialism in One Country), and of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism (signified by the introduction of the First Five-Year Plan ).", "paragraph_sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism first became a distinct philosophical movement in the Soviet Union during the 1920s, when Joseph Stalin and his supporters gained control of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks). <hl> It rejected the notions, common among Marxists at the time, of world revolution as a prerequisite for building socialism in Russia (in favor of the concept of Socialism in One Country), and of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism (signified by the introduction of the First Five-Year Plan ). <hl> The internationalism of Marxism\u2013Leninism was expressed in supporting revolutions in foreign countries (e.g., initially through the Communist International or through the concept of \"socialist-leaning countries\" of late Soviet Union).", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism first became a distinct philosophical movement in the Soviet Union during the 1920s, when Joseph Stalin and his supporters gained control of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks). It rejected the notions, common among Marxists at the time, of world revolution as a prerequisite for building socialism in Russia (in favor of the concept of Socialism in One Country), and of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism (signified by the introduction of the <hl> First Five-Year Plan <hl>). The internationalism of Marxism\u2013Leninism was expressed in supporting revolutions in foreign countries (e.g., initially through the Communist International or through the concept of \"socialist-leaning countries\" of late Soviet Union).", "sentence_answer": "It rejected the notions, common among Marxists at the time, of world revolution as a prerequisite for building socialism in Russia (in favor of the concept of Socialism in One Country), and of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism (signified by the introduction of the <hl> First Five-Year Plan <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d6729372b22cd4dfcfbf131"}
{"question": "What versions of the language packs are only compatible with select versions of windows?", "paragraph": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "answer": "Full Language Packs", "sentence": "Full Language Packs , which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language).", "paragraph_sentence": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. <hl> Full Language Packs , which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). <hl> They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "paragraph_answer": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. <hl> Full Language Packs <hl>, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Full Language Packs <hl> , which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language).", "paragraph_id": "5d67a7bf2b22cd4dfcfbff3c"}
{"question": "To what number did circulation increase under John Witherow?", "paragraph": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "answer": "1.3 million", "sentence": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to 1.3 million and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. <hl> The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "paragraph_answer": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to <hl> 1.3 million <hl> and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010. The newspaper's foreign coverage has been especially strong, and its reporters, Marie Colvin, Jon Swain, Hala Jaber, Mark Franchetti and Christina Lamb have dominated the Foreign Reporter of the Year category at the British Press Awards since 2000.[citation needed] Marie Colvin, who worked for the paper from 1985, was killed in February 2012 by Syrian forces while covering the siege of Homs during that country's civil war.", "sentence_answer": "John Witherow oversaw a rise in circulation to <hl> 1.3 million <hl> and reconfirmed The Sunday Times's reputation for publishing hard-hitting news stories \u2013 such as Cash for Questions in 1994 and Cash for Honours in 2006 and revelations of corruption at Fifa in 2010.", "paragraph_id": "5d672fbe2b22cd4dfcfbf1fd"}
{"question": "Where is the last name commonly placed in China?", "paragraph": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.", "answer": "placed before a person's given name.", "sentence": "In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.", "paragraph_sentence": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. <hl> In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is <hl> placed before a person's given name. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is <hl> placed before a person's given name. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d67edaf2b22cd4dfcfc040e"}
{"question": "On which island will you find Mount Wai'ale'ale?", "paragraph": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in).  Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March.  Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains.  Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "answer": "Kauai", "sentence": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai , is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai , is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in). <hl> Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March. Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains. Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "paragraph_answer": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of <hl> Kauai <hl>, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in). Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March. Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains. Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "sentence_answer": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of <hl> Kauai <hl> , is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in).", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef7c2b22cd4dfcfbe600"}
{"question": "What was the actual motive for European expansion?", "paragraph": "As historian John Thornton remarked, \"the actual motivation for European expansion and for navigational breakthroughs was little more than to exploit the opportunity for immediate profits made by raiding and the seizure or purchase of trade commodities\". Using the Canary Islands as a naval base, European, at the time primarily Portuguese traders, began to move their activities down the western coast of Africa, performing raids in which slaves would be captured to be later sold in the Mediterranean. Although initially successful in this venture, \"it was not long before African naval forces were alerted to the new dangers, and the Portuguese [raiding] ships began to meet strong and effective resistance\", with the crews of several of them being killed by African sailors, whose boats were better equipped at traversing the west African coasts and river systems.", "answer": "was little more than to exploit the opportunity for immediate profits made by raiding and the seizure or purchase of trade commodities\"", "sentence": "As historian John Thornton remarked, \"the actual motivation for European expansion and for navigational breakthroughs was little more than to exploit the opportunity for immediate profits made by raiding and the seizure or purchase of trade commodities\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As historian John Thornton remarked, \"the actual motivation for European expansion and for navigational breakthroughs was little more than to exploit the opportunity for immediate profits made by raiding and the seizure or purchase of trade commodities\" . <hl> Using the Canary Islands as a naval base, European, at the time primarily Portuguese traders, began to move their activities down the western coast of Africa, performing raids in which slaves would be captured to be later sold in the Mediterranean. Although initially successful in this venture, \"it was not long before African naval forces were alerted to the new dangers, and the Portuguese [raiding] ships began to meet strong and effective resistance\", with the crews of several of them being killed by African sailors, whose boats were better equipped at traversing the west African coasts and river systems.", "paragraph_answer": "As historian John Thornton remarked, \"the actual motivation for European expansion and for navigational breakthroughs <hl> was little more than to exploit the opportunity for immediate profits made by raiding and the seizure or purchase of trade commodities\" <hl>. Using the Canary Islands as a naval base, European, at the time primarily Portuguese traders, began to move their activities down the western coast of Africa, performing raids in which slaves would be captured to be later sold in the Mediterranean. Although initially successful in this venture, \"it was not long before African naval forces were alerted to the new dangers, and the Portuguese [raiding] ships began to meet strong and effective resistance\", with the crews of several of them being killed by African sailors, whose boats were better equipped at traversing the west African coasts and river systems.", "sentence_answer": "As historian John Thornton remarked, \"the actual motivation for European expansion and for navigational breakthroughs <hl> was little more than to exploit the opportunity for immediate profits made by raiding and the seizure or purchase of trade commodities\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66a0142b22cd4dfcfbe372"}
{"question": "Consolidated Edison can trace it's roots back to which investor owned electric utility company?", "paragraph": "Gas and electric service is provided by Consolidated Edison to all of Manhattan. Con Edison's electric business traces its roots back to Thomas Edison's Edison Electric Illuminating Company, the first investor-owned electric utility. The company started service on September 4, 1882, using one generator to provide 110 volts direct current (DC) to 59 customers with 800 light bulbs, in a one-square-mile area of Lower Manhattan from his Pearl Street Station. Con Edison operates the world's largest district steam system, which consists of 105 miles (169 km)* of steam pipes, providing steam for heating, hot water, and air conditioning by some 1,800 Manhattan customers. Cable service is provided by Time Warner Cable and telephone service is provided by Verizon Communications, although AT&T is available as well.", "answer": "Edison Electric Illuminating Company", "sentence": "Con Edison's electric business traces its roots back to Thomas Edison's Edison Electric Illuminating Company , the first investor-owned electric utility.", "paragraph_sentence": "Gas and electric service is provided by Consolidated Edison to all of Manhattan. <hl> Con Edison's electric business traces its roots back to Thomas Edison's Edison Electric Illuminating Company , the first investor-owned electric utility. <hl> The company started service on September 4, 1882, using one generator to provide 110 volts direct current (DC) to 59 customers with 800 light bulbs, in a one-square-mile area of Lower Manhattan from his Pearl Street Station. Con Edison operates the world's largest district steam system, which consists of 105 miles (169 km)* of steam pipes, providing steam for heating, hot water, and air conditioning by some 1,800 Manhattan customers. Cable service is provided by Time Warner Cable and telephone service is provided by Verizon Communications, although AT&T is available as well.", "paragraph_answer": "Gas and electric service is provided by Consolidated Edison to all of Manhattan. Con Edison's electric business traces its roots back to Thomas Edison's <hl> Edison Electric Illuminating Company <hl>, the first investor-owned electric utility. The company started service on September 4, 1882, using one generator to provide 110 volts direct current (DC) to 59 customers with 800 light bulbs, in a one-square-mile area of Lower Manhattan from his Pearl Street Station. Con Edison operates the world's largest district steam system, which consists of 105 miles (169 km)* of steam pipes, providing steam for heating, hot water, and air conditioning by some 1,800 Manhattan customers. Cable service is provided by Time Warner Cable and telephone service is provided by Verizon Communications, although AT&T is available as well.", "sentence_answer": "Con Edison's electric business traces its roots back to Thomas Edison's <hl> Edison Electric Illuminating Company <hl> , the first investor-owned electric utility.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6322b22cd4dfcfbe7d9"}
{"question": "What is another name for Constantinople?", "paragraph": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul. He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia. He demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September. From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\" in Turkish (Greek: \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2). However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. He also invited people from all over Europe to his capital, creating a cosmopolitan society that persisted through much of the Ottoman period. Plague continued, however, to be essentially endemic in Istanbul for the rest of the century, as it had been from 1520, with a few years of respite between 1529 and 1533, 1549 and 1552, and from 1567 to 1570; epidemics originating in the West and in the Hejaz and southern Russia. Population growth in Anatolia, however, allowed Istanbul to replace its losses and maintain its population of around 500,000 inhabitants down to 1800. Mehmed II also repaired the city's damaged infrastructure, including the whole water system, began to build the Grand Bazaar, and constructed Topkap\u0131 Palace, the sultan's official residence. With the transfer of the capital from Edirne (formerly Adrianople) to Constantinople, the new state was declared as the successor and continuation of the Roman Empire.", "answer": "Istanbul", "sentence": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as Istanbul . <hl> He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia. He demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September. From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\" in Turkish (Greek: \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2). However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. He also invited people from all over Europe to his capital, creating a cosmopolitan society that persisted through much of the Ottoman period. Plague continued, however, to be essentially endemic in Istanbul for the rest of the century, as it had been from 1520, with a few years of respite between 1529 and 1533, 1549 and 1552, and from 1567 to 1570; epidemics originating in the West and in the Hejaz and southern Russia. Population growth in Anatolia, however, allowed Istanbul to replace its losses and maintain its population of around 500,000 inhabitants down to 1800. Mehmed II also repaired the city's damaged infrastructure, including the whole water system, began to build the Grand Bazaar, and constructed Topkap\u0131 Palace, the sultan's official residence. With the transfer of the capital from Edirne (formerly Adrianople) to Constantinople, the new state was declared as the successor and continuation of the Roman Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as <hl> Istanbul <hl>. He urged the return of those who had fled the city during the siege, and resettled Muslims, Jews, and Christians from other parts of Anatolia. He demanded that five thousand households needed to be transferred to Constantinople by September. From all over the Islamic empire, prisoners of war and deported people were sent to the city: these people were called \"S\u00fcrg\u00fcn\" in Turkish (Greek: \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2). However, many people escaped again from the city, and there were several outbreaks of plague, so that in 1459 Mehmet allowed the deported Greeks to come back to the city. He also invited people from all over Europe to his capital, creating a cosmopolitan society that persisted through much of the Ottoman period. Plague continued, however, to be essentially endemic in Istanbul for the rest of the century, as it had been from 1520, with a few years of respite between 1529 and 1533, 1549 and 1552, and from 1567 to 1570; epidemics originating in the West and in the Hejaz and southern Russia. Population growth in Anatolia, however, allowed Istanbul to replace its losses and maintain its population of around 500,000 inhabitants down to 1800. Mehmed II also repaired the city's damaged infrastructure, including the whole water system, began to build the Grand Bazaar, and constructed Topkap\u0131 Palace, the sultan's official residence. With the transfer of the capital from Edirne (formerly Adrianople) to Constantinople, the new state was declared as the successor and continuation of the Roman Empire.", "sentence_answer": "Following the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmed II immediately set out to revitalize the city, by then also known as <hl> Istanbul <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3be2b22cd4dfcfbd12c"}
{"question": "When was the Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble founded?", "paragraph": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "answer": "2011", "sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011 , is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. <hl> The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in 2011 , is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. <hl> The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "paragraph_answer": "The Pitt Men's Glee Club, founded in 1890, is the oldest extracurricular club on campus. The club includes both undergraduate and graduate students from throughout the university. Traditionally, the Glee Club has sung for a variety of campus-wide and community functions, including graduations, receptions, alumni gatherings, sporting events, and chancellor's events. The Glee Club has also participated in national Collegiate Men's Choir festivals and international tours and music festivals in both the United States and Europe. Heinz Chapel Choir is an accomplished and internationally known a cappella choir consisting entirely of Pitt students that has been performing for over 70 years. The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in <hl> 2011 <hl>, is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff. The ensemble leads the traditional lamplighter processional each fall and performs repertory ranging from traditional sacred and secular classics to international folk songs, popular music, and show tunes. Pitt Pendulums, founded in 1996, is a co-ed a cappella group, the oldest a cappella group on campus. Other a cappella groups on campus include C Flat Run, a co-ed group, Pittch Please, an all-male group, Pitches and Tones, a co-ed group, The Songburghs, a co-ed group, and Sounds Like Treble, an all-female group, among others. All groups on campus regularly perform in various on and off-campus functions and are regular competitors in the ICCA's, the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella. Pittch Please recently achieved the best result of a Pitt group in the ICCA's, taking first place at the Great Lakes Quarterfinals in 2015. Carpathian Ensemble, founded within the Department of music in 1786, the ensemble performs Gypsy, Klezmer, Armenian, Moldavian, Ukrainian, and Macedonian music. The University Gamelan, established in 1995, is the largest Sundanese gamelan program in the U.S. and has sponsored an artist-in-residency program each year since 1998.", "sentence_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh Women's Choral Ensemble, founded in <hl> 2011 <hl> , is open to all women of the University including undergraduates, graduate students, and staff.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8092b22cd4dfcfbe83a"}
{"question": "Which tenses make up the present system?", "paragraph": "There are six tenses in the Latin language. These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. Each tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person and number referred to. This means that subject (nominative) pronouns are generally unnecessary for the first (I, we) and second (you) persons, unless emphasis on the subject is needed.", "answer": "the present, imperfect, and future tenses", "sentence": "These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses , and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are six tenses in the Latin language. <hl> These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of the present, imperfect, and future tenses , and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. <hl> Each tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person and number referred to. This means that subject (nominative) pronouns are generally unnecessary for the first (I, we) and second (you) persons, unless emphasis on the subject is needed.", "paragraph_answer": "There are six tenses in the Latin language. These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of <hl> the present, imperfect, and future tenses <hl>, and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses. Each tense has a set of endings corresponding to the person and number referred to. This means that subject (nominative) pronouns are generally unnecessary for the first (I, we) and second (you) persons, unless emphasis on the subject is needed.", "sentence_answer": "These are divided into two tense systems: the present system, which is made up of <hl> the present, imperfect, and future tenses <hl> , and the perfect system, which is made up of the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f5e62b22cd4dfcfbd41e"}
{"question": "How many years has the theatre been running?", "paragraph": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2). It has housing and working quarters to accommodate a self-sufficiency of life. The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. Chakravyuha taken from the Mahabharat epic had won Fringe Firsts Award, 1987 at the Edinburgh International Theater Festival. Chakravyuha deals with the story of Abhimanyu (son of Arjun) of his last battle and approaching death, whereas Uttarpriyadashi is an 80-minute exposition of Emperor Ashoka's redemption.[citation needed]", "answer": "25", "sentence": "Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence.", "paragraph_sentence": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2). It has housing and working quarters to accommodate a self-sufficiency of life. The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. <hl> Its 25 years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. <hl> Chakravyuha taken from the Mahabharat epic had won Fringe Firsts Award, 1987 at the Edinburgh International Theater Festival. Chakravyuha deals with the story of Abhimanyu (son of Arjun) of his last battle and approaching death, whereas Uttarpriyadashi is an 80-minute exposition of Emperor Ashoka's redemption.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The auditorium of the theatre is on the outskirts of Imphal and the campus stretches for about 2 acres (8,100 m2). It has housing and working quarters to accommodate a self-sufficiency of life. The theatre association has churned out internationally acclaimed plays like Chakravyuha and Uttarpriyadashi. Its <hl> 25 <hl> years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence. Chakravyuha taken from the Mahabharat epic had won Fringe Firsts Award, 1987 at the Edinburgh International Theater Festival. Chakravyuha deals with the story of Abhimanyu (son of Arjun) of his last battle and approaching death, whereas Uttarpriyadashi is an 80-minute exposition of Emperor Ashoka's redemption.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Its <hl> 25 <hl> years of existence in theatre had disciplined its performers to a world of excellence.", "paragraph_id": "5d6788912b22cd4dfcfbfe13"}
{"question": "Who recommends more equal distribution to fight heart disease?", "paragraph": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. \n The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "answer": "The Commission on Social Determinants of Health", "sentence": "\n The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. <hl> The Commission on Social Determinants of Health recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Cardiovascular disease affects low- and middle-income countries even more than high-income countries. There is relatively little information regarding social patterns of cardiovascular disease within low- and middle-income countries, but within high-income countries low income and low educational status are consistently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Policies that have resulted in increased socio-economic inequalities have been associated with greater subsequent socio-economic differences in cardiovascular disease implying a cause and effect relationship. Psychosocial factors, environmental exposures, health behaviours, and health-care access and quality contribute to socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular disease. <hl> The Commission on Social Determinants of Health <hl> recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> The Commission on Social Determinants of Health <hl> recommended that more equal distributions of power, wealth, education, housing, environmental factors, nutrition, and health care were needed to address inequalities in cardiovascular disease and non-communicable diseases.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d0c72b22cd4dfcfbcdd7"}
{"question": "What political philosophies are described as libertarian socialists?", "paragraph": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism. For Murray Bookchin \"In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer; in England, Gerrard Winstanley, a leading participant in the Digger movement. The concepts held by Muenzer and Winstanley were superbly attuned to the needs of their time \u2014 a historical period when the majority of the population lived in the countryside and when the most militant revolutionary forces came from an agrarian world. It would be painfully academic to argue whether Muenzer and Winstanley could have achieved their ideals. What is of real importance is that they spoke to their time; their anarchist concepts followed naturally from the rural society that furnished the bands of the peasant armies in Germany and the New Model in England.\" The term \"anarchist\" first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. By the time of the French Revolution some, such as the Enrag\u00e9s, began to use the term positively, in opposition to Jacobin centralisation of power, seeing \"revolutionary government\" as oxymoronic. By the turn of the 19th century, the English word \"anarchism\" had lost its initial negative connotation.", "answer": "most varieties of anarchism", "sentence": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include most varieties of anarchism (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism. <hl> For Murray Bookchin \"In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer; in England, Gerrard Winstanley, a leading participant in the Digger movement. The concepts held by Muenzer and Winstanley were superbly attuned to the needs of their time \u2014 a historical period when the majority of the population lived in the countryside and when the most militant revolutionary forces came from an agrarian world. It would be painfully academic to argue whether Muenzer and Winstanley could have achieved their ideals. What is of real importance is that they spoke to their time; their anarchist concepts followed naturally from the rural society that furnished the bands of the peasant armies in Germany and the New Model in England.\" The term \"anarchist\" first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. By the time of the French Revolution some, such as the Enrag\u00e9s, began to use the term positively, in opposition to Jacobin centralisation of power, seeing \"revolutionary government\" as oxymoronic. By the turn of the 19th century, the English word \"anarchism\" had lost its initial negative connotation.", "paragraph_answer": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include <hl> most varieties of anarchism <hl> (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism. For Murray Bookchin \"In the modern world, anarchism first appeared as a movement of the peasantry and yeomanry against declining feudal institutions. In Germany its foremost spokesman during the Peasant Wars was Thomas Muenzer; in England, Gerrard Winstanley, a leading participant in the Digger movement. The concepts held by Muenzer and Winstanley were superbly attuned to the needs of their time \u2014 a historical period when the majority of the population lived in the countryside and when the most militant revolutionary forces came from an agrarian world. It would be painfully academic to argue whether Muenzer and Winstanley could have achieved their ideals. What is of real importance is that they spoke to their time; their anarchist concepts followed naturally from the rural society that furnished the bands of the peasant armies in Germany and the New Model in England.\" The term \"anarchist\" first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents. By the time of the French Revolution some, such as the Enrag\u00e9s, began to use the term positively, in opposition to Jacobin centralisation of power, seeing \"revolutionary government\" as oxymoronic. By the turn of the 19th century, the English word \"anarchism\" had lost its initial negative connotation.", "sentence_answer": "Political philosophies commonly described as libertarian socialist include <hl> most varieties of anarchism <hl> (especially anarchist communism, anarchist collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, and mutualism) as well as autonomism, communalism, participism, libertarian Marxist philosophies such as council communism and Luxemburgism, and some versions of \"utopian socialism\" and individualist anarchism.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd922b22cd4dfcfbcfbc"}
{"question": "What is the formula that agrees?", "paragraph": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as \n\n\n\n\nf\n(\nx\n)\n=\n\n\n\nx\n\n2\n\n\n\u2212\n5\nx\n+\n6\n\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}}\n\n may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "answer": "f and g", "sentence": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> (with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. <hl> Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "paragraph_answer": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining <hl> f and g <hl> agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "sentence_answer": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining <hl> f and g <hl> agree, and similarly with a different codomain.", "paragraph_id": "5d6616c92b22cd4dfcfbd830"}
{"question": "According to the most recent Gallop poll what percentage of the U.S leans Democratic?", "paragraph": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom.\nAccording to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "answer": "16", "sentence": "According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16 % identify as leaning Republican.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. <hl> According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and 16 % identify as leaning Republican. <hl> In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "paragraph_answer": "Prior to the formation of the conservative coalition, which helped realign the Democratic and Republican party ideologies in the mid-1960s, the party had historically advocated classical liberalism and progressivism. The party is a full member of the conservative International Democrat Union as well as the Asia Pacific Democrat Union. It is also an associate member of the Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, which has close relations to the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and <hl> 16 <hl>% identify as leaning Republican. In comparison, 30% identify as Democratic and 16% identify as leaning Democratic. The Democratic Party has typically held an overall edge in party identification since Gallup began polling on the issue in 1991. In another Gallup poll, 42% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents identified as economically and socially conservative, followed by 24% as socially and economically moderate or liberal, 20% as socially moderate or liberal and fiscally conservative, and 10% as socially conservative and fiscally moderate or liberal.", "sentence_answer": "According to the most recent Gallup poll, 25% of Americans identify as Republican and <hl> 16 <hl> % identify as leaning Republican.", "paragraph_id": "5d673dac2b22cd4dfcfbf3c2"}
{"question": "Peterson and Seligman claim that what prevails across all cultures?", "paragraph": "Peterson and Seligman approach the anthropological view looking across cultures, geo-cultural areas and across millennia. They conclude that certain virtues have prevailed in all cultures they examined. The major virtues they identified include wisdom / knowledge; courage; humanity; justice; temperance; and transcendence. Each of these includes several divisions. For instance humanity includes love, kindness, and social intelligence.", "answer": "certain virtues", "sentence": "They conclude that certain virtues have prevailed in all cultures they examined.", "paragraph_sentence": "Peterson and Seligman approach the anthropological view looking across cultures, geo-cultural areas and across millennia. <hl> They conclude that certain virtues have prevailed in all cultures they examined. <hl> The major virtues they identified include wisdom / knowledge; courage; humanity; justice; temperance; and transcendence. Each of these includes several divisions. For instance humanity includes love, kindness, and social intelligence.", "paragraph_answer": "Peterson and Seligman approach the anthropological view looking across cultures, geo-cultural areas and across millennia. They conclude that <hl> certain virtues <hl> have prevailed in all cultures they examined. The major virtues they identified include wisdom / knowledge; courage; humanity; justice; temperance; and transcendence. Each of these includes several divisions. For instance humanity includes love, kindness, and social intelligence.", "sentence_answer": "They conclude that <hl> certain virtues <hl> have prevailed in all cultures they examined.", "paragraph_id": "5d67069d2b22cd4dfcfbeaff"}
{"question": "How much did The Broadway League claim to make in tickets in the 2013-2014 season?", "paragraph": "Tourism is vital to Manhattan's economy, and the landmarks of Manhattan are the focus of New York City's tourists, enumerating nearly 60 million visitors in 2015. According to The Broadway League, shows on Broadway sold approximately US$1.27 billion worth of tickets in the 2013\u20132014 season, an increase of 11.4% from US$1.139 billion in the 2012\u20132013 season; attendance in 2013\u20132014 stood at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% increase from the 2012\u20132013 season's 11.57 million. Manhattan was on track to have an estimated 90,000 hotel rooms at the end of 2014, a 10% increase from 2013.", "answer": "approximately US$1.27 billion worth of tickets", "sentence": "According to The Broadway League, shows on Broadway sold approximately US$1.27 billion worth of tickets in the 2013\u20132014 season, an increase of 11.4% from US$1.139 billion in the 2012\u20132013 season; attendance in 2013\u20132014 stood at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% increase from the 2012\u20132013 season's 11.57 million.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tourism is vital to Manhattan's economy, and the landmarks of Manhattan are the focus of New York City's tourists, enumerating nearly 60 million visitors in 2015. <hl> According to The Broadway League, shows on Broadway sold approximately US$1.27 billion worth of tickets in the 2013\u20132014 season, an increase of 11.4% from US$1.139 billion in the 2012\u20132013 season; attendance in 2013\u20132014 stood at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% increase from the 2012\u20132013 season's 11.57 million. <hl> Manhattan was on track to have an estimated 90,000 hotel rooms at the end of 2014, a 10% increase from 2013.", "paragraph_answer": "Tourism is vital to Manhattan's economy, and the landmarks of Manhattan are the focus of New York City's tourists, enumerating nearly 60 million visitors in 2015. According to The Broadway League, shows on Broadway sold <hl> approximately US$1.27 billion worth of tickets <hl> in the 2013\u20132014 season, an increase of 11.4% from US$1.139 billion in the 2012\u20132013 season; attendance in 2013\u20132014 stood at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% increase from the 2012\u20132013 season's 11.57 million. Manhattan was on track to have an estimated 90,000 hotel rooms at the end of 2014, a 10% increase from 2013.", "sentence_answer": "According to The Broadway League, shows on Broadway sold <hl> approximately US$1.27 billion worth of tickets <hl> in the 2013\u20132014 season, an increase of 11.4% from US$1.139 billion in the 2012\u20132013 season; attendance in 2013\u20132014 stood at 12.21 million, representing a 5.5% increase from the 2012\u20132013 season's 11.57 million.", "paragraph_id": "5d6848f12b22cd4dfcfc06c6"}
{"question": "How would you decline 'mortuum'?", "paragraph": "First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)).", "answer": "like a regular second declension neuter noun", "sentence": "For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)).", "paragraph_sentence": "First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. <hl> For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined like a regular second declension neuter noun (such as auxilium (help)). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "First and second declension adjectives are declined like first declension nouns for the feminine forms and like second declension nouns for the masculine and neuter forms. For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined <hl> like a regular second declension neuter noun <hl> (such as auxilium (help)).", "sentence_answer": "For example, for mortuus, mortua, mortuum (dead), mortua is declined like a regular first declension noun (such as puella (girl)), mortuus is declined like a regular second declension masculine noun (such as dominus (lord, master)), and mortuum is declined <hl> like a regular second declension neuter noun <hl> (such as auxilium (help)).", "paragraph_id": "5d65f48e2b22cd4dfcfbd3dd"}
{"question": "Notes above which key are considered part of the altissimo register for saxophones?", "paragraph": "There are many models of soprano saxophone that have a key for high G, and most modern models of baritone saxophone have an extended bore and key to produce low A; it is also possible to play a low A on any saxophone by blocking the end of the bell, usually with the foot or inside of the left thigh. Low A keys however were not limited to just the baritone saxophone. For a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. Notes above F are considered part of the altissimo register of any sax, and can be produced using advanced embouchure techniques and fingering combinations. Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B4. Modern saxophone players have extended this range to over 4 octaves on tenor and alto.", "answer": "F", "sentence": "F or a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are many models of soprano saxophone that have a key for high G, and most modern models of baritone saxophone have an extended bore and key to produce low A; it is also possible to play a low A on any saxophone by blocking the end of the bell, usually with the foot or inside of the left thigh. Low A keys however were not limited to just the baritone saxophone. <hl> F or a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. <hl> Notes above F are considered part of the altissimo register of any sax, and can be produced using advanced embouchure techniques and fingering combinations. Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B4. Modern saxophone players have extended this range to over 4 octaves on tenor and alto.", "paragraph_answer": "There are many models of soprano saxophone that have a key for high G, and most modern models of baritone saxophone have an extended bore and key to produce low A; it is also possible to play a low A on any saxophone by blocking the end of the bell, usually with the foot or inside of the left thigh. Low A keys however were not limited to just the baritone saxophone. <hl> F <hl>or a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key. Notes above F are considered part of the altissimo register of any sax, and can be produced using advanced embouchure techniques and fingering combinations. Sax himself had mastered these techniques; he demonstrated the instrument as having a range of just beyond three octaves up to a (written) high B4. Modern saxophone players have extended this range to over 4 octaves on tenor and alto.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> F <hl> or a short time Selmer Paris produced mark VI alto saxophones with the low A key.", "paragraph_id": "5d6764342b22cd4dfcfbf9a8"}
{"question": "Who argued that social change and stagnation was caused by domestic factors?", "paragraph": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "answer": "Joseph C. Miller", "sentence": "Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. <hl> Joseph C. Miller has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. <hl> Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "paragraph_answer": "Other historians have attacked both Rodney's methodology and accuracy. <hl> Joseph C. Miller <hl> has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors. Joseph Inikori provided a new line of argument, estimating counterfactual demographic developments in case the Atlantic slave trade had not existed. Patrick Manning has shown that the slave trade did have profound impact on African demographics and social institutions, but criticized Inikori's approach for not taking other factors (such as famine and drought) into account, and thus being highly speculative.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Joseph C. Miller <hl> has argued that the social change and demographic stagnation (which he researched on the example of West Central Africa) was caused primarily by domestic factors.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b632b22cd4dfcfbde72"}
{"question": "What settlement in Slovenia were many escaped Allied soldiers airlifted from?", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "Semi\u010d", "sentence": "These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d , while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. <hl> These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d , while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. <hl> In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from <hl> Semi\u010d <hl>, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from <hl> Semi\u010d <hl> , while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b99e2b22cd4dfcfc00a3"}
{"question": "In what country would a woman not change her legal surnames when she marries?", "paragraph": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "answer": "Spain", "sentence": "In Spain , a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Spain , a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. <hl> In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> Spain <hl>, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> Spain <hl> , a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries.", "paragraph_id": "5d67301d2b22cd4dfcfbf206"}
{"question": "What did those tribal groups formed?", "paragraph": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "answer": "They have formed splinter groups", "sentence": "They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other.", "paragraph_sentence": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. <hl> They have formed splinter groups who disagree with each other. <hl> Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "paragraph_answer": "The violence in Manipur extend beyond those between Indian security forces and insurgent armed groups. There is violence between the Meeteis, Nagas, Kukis and other tribal groups. <hl> They have formed splinter groups <hl> who disagree with each other. Other than UNLF, PLA and PREPAK, Manipuri insurgent groups include Revolutionary Peoples Front (RPF), Manipur Liberation Front Army (MLFA), Kanglei Yawol Khnna Lup (KYKL), Revolutionary Joint Committee (RJC), Kangleipak Communist Party (KCP), Peoples United Liberation Front (PULF), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K), National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-I/M), Kuki National Front (KNF), Kuki National Army (KNA), Kuki Defence Force (KDF), Kuki Democratic Movement (KDM), Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Kuki Security Force (KSF), Chin Kuki Revolutionary Front (CKRF), Kom Rem Peoples Convention (KRPC), Zomi Revolutionary Volunteers (ZRV), Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA), Zomi Reunification Organisation (ZRO), and Hmar Peoples Convention (HPC).", "sentence_answer": "<hl> They have formed splinter groups <hl> who disagree with each other.", "paragraph_id": "5d6837d12b22cd4dfcfc0695"}
{"question": "If an even number of Senators are retiring at election, what percentage of the vote would lead to a clear majority?", "paragraph": "With proportional representation, and the small majorities in the Senate compared to the generally larger majorities in the House of Representatives, and the requirement that the number of members of the House be \"nearly as practible\" twice that of the Senate, a joint sitting after a double dissolution is more likely than not to lead to a victory for the House over the Senate. When the Senate had an odd number of Senators retiring at an election (3 or 5), 51% of the vote would lead to a clear majority of 3 out of 5 per state. With an even number of Senators retiring at an election, it takes 57% of the vote to win 4 out of 6 seats, which may be insurmountable. This gives the House an unintended extra advantage in joint sittings but not in ordinary elections, where the Senate may be too evenly balanced to get House legislation through.", "answer": "57%", "sentence": "With an even number of Senators retiring at an election, it takes 57% of the vote to win 4 out of 6 seats, which may be insurmountable.", "paragraph_sentence": "With proportional representation, and the small majorities in the Senate compared to the generally larger majorities in the House of Representatives, and the requirement that the number of members of the House be \"nearly as practible\" twice that of the Senate, a joint sitting after a double dissolution is more likely than not to lead to a victory for the House over the Senate. When the Senate had an odd number of Senators retiring at an election (3 or 5), 51% of the vote would lead to a clear majority of 3 out of 5 per state. <hl> With an even number of Senators retiring at an election, it takes 57% of the vote to win 4 out of 6 seats, which may be insurmountable. <hl> This gives the House an unintended extra advantage in joint sittings but not in ordinary elections, where the Senate may be too evenly balanced to get House legislation through.", "paragraph_answer": "With proportional representation, and the small majorities in the Senate compared to the generally larger majorities in the House of Representatives, and the requirement that the number of members of the House be \"nearly as practible\" twice that of the Senate, a joint sitting after a double dissolution is more likely than not to lead to a victory for the House over the Senate. When the Senate had an odd number of Senators retiring at an election (3 or 5), 51% of the vote would lead to a clear majority of 3 out of 5 per state. With an even number of Senators retiring at an election, it takes <hl> 57% <hl> of the vote to win 4 out of 6 seats, which may be insurmountable. This gives the House an unintended extra advantage in joint sittings but not in ordinary elections, where the Senate may be too evenly balanced to get House legislation through.", "sentence_answer": "With an even number of Senators retiring at an election, it takes <hl> 57% <hl> of the vote to win 4 out of 6 seats, which may be insurmountable.", "paragraph_id": "5d66d9322b22cd4dfcfbe4c8"}
{"question": "What do the stripes on the American flag represent", "paragraph": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It  consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "answer": "the thirteen British colonies", "sentence": "The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. <hl> The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. <hl> Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "paragraph_answer": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent <hl> the thirteen British colonies <hl> that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "sentence_answer": "The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent <hl> the thirteen British colonies <hl> that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dbbe2b22cd4dfcfbcf4c"}
{"question": "Where are hydrocarbons trapped in the Andes Mountains?", "paragraph": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "answer": "eastern fold and thrust belt", "sentence": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. <hl> In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their <hl> eastern fold and thrust belt <hl> acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "sentence_answer": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their <hl> eastern fold and thrust belt <hl> acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons.", "paragraph_id": "5d6697e12b22cd4dfcfbe32e"}
{"question": "What does moral ontology mean?", "paragraph": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals. Different systems of expressing morality have been proposed, including deontological ethical systems which adhere to a set of established rules, and normative ethical systems which consider the merits of actions themselves. An example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that: \"One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself.\"", "answer": "the origin of morals,", "sentence": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals. <hl> Different systems of expressing morality have been proposed, including deontological ethical systems which adhere to a set of established rules, and normative ethical systems which consider the merits of actions themselves. An example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that: \"One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or <hl> the origin of morals, <hl> as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals. Different systems of expressing morality have been proposed, including deontological ethical systems which adhere to a set of established rules, and normative ethical systems which consider the merits of actions themselves. An example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that: \"One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself.\"", "sentence_answer": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or <hl> the origin of morals, <hl> as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e41c2b22cd4dfcfc03af"}
{"question": "What is the name of the travel way that Istanbul sit on?", "paragraph": "Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923. Overlooked for the new capital during the interwar period, the city has since regained much of its prominence. The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Arts, Music, Film and Cultural festivals were established at the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today, and infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network.", "answer": "Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road", "sentence": "Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road , rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road , rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923. <hl> Overlooked for the new capital during the interwar period, the city has since regained much of its prominence. The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Arts, Music, Film and Cultural festivals were established at the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today, and infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road <hl>, rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923. Overlooked for the new capital during the interwar period, the city has since regained much of its prominence. The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s, as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them. Arts, Music, Film and Cultural festivals were established at the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today, and infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Istanbul's strategic position on the historic Silk Road <hl> , rail networks to Europe and the Middle East, and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace, although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dfc02b22cd4dfcfbd078"}
{"question": "Which Roman emperor was killed in Constantinople in 1453?", "paragraph": "Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. In the mid-14th-century, the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. Mehmed declared himself as the new \"Kaysar-i R\u00fbm\" (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire.", "answer": "Constantine XI", "sentence": "On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI , was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire.", "paragraph_sentence": "Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. In the mid-14th-century, the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. <hl> On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI , was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. <hl> Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. Mehmed declared himself as the new \"Kaysar-i R\u00fbm\" (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Various economic and military policies instituted by Andronikos II, such as the reduction of military forces, weakened the empire and left it vulnerable to attack. In the mid-14th-century, the Ottoman Turks began a strategy of gradually taking smaller towns and cities, cutting off Constantinople's supply routes and strangling it slowly. On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, <hl> Constantine XI <hl>, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. Mehmed declared himself as the new \"Kaysar-i R\u00fbm\" (the Ottoman Turkish equivalent of Caesar of Rome) and the Ottoman state was reorganized into an empire.", "sentence_answer": "On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, <hl> Constantine XI <hl> , was killed), Sultan Mehmed II \"the Conqueror\" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3532b22cd4dfcfbd124"}
{"question": "In what year was 'Postmodernist Fiction' published?", "paragraph": "In 1971, the Arab-American scholar Ihab Hassan published The Dismemberment of Orpheus: Toward a Postmodern Literature, an early work of literary criticism from a postmodern perspective, in which the author traces the development of what he calls \"literature of silence\" through Marquis de Sade, Franz Kafka, Ernest Hemingway, Beckett, and many others, including developments such as the Theatre of the Absurd and the nouveau roman. In 'Postmodernist Fiction' (1987), Brian McHale details the shift from modernism to postmodernism, arguing that the former is characterized by an epistemological dominant[clarification needed], and that postmodern works have developed out of modernism and are primarily concerned with questions of ontology. In Constructing Postmodernism (1992), McHale's second book, he provides readings of postmodern fiction and of some of the contemporary writers who go under the label of cyberpunk. McHale's \"What Was Postmodernism?\" (2007), follows Raymond Federman's lead in now using the past tense when discussing postmodernism.", "answer": "1987", "sentence": "In 'Postmodernist Fiction' ( 1987 ), Brian McHale details the shift from modernism to postmodernism, arguing that the former is characterized by an epistemological dominant[clarification needed], and that postmodern works have developed out of modernism and are primarily concerned with questions of ontology.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1971, the Arab-American scholar Ihab Hassan published The Dismemberment of Orpheus: Toward a Postmodern Literature, an early work of literary criticism from a postmodern perspective, in which the author traces the development of what he calls \"literature of silence\" through Marquis de Sade, Franz Kafka, Ernest Hemingway, Beckett, and many others, including developments such as the Theatre of the Absurd and the nouveau roman. <hl> In 'Postmodernist Fiction' ( 1987 ), Brian McHale details the shift from modernism to postmodernism, arguing that the former is characterized by an epistemological dominant[clarification needed], and that postmodern works have developed out of modernism and are primarily concerned with questions of ontology. <hl> In Constructing Postmodernism (1992), McHale's second book, he provides readings of postmodern fiction and of some of the contemporary writers who go under the label of cyberpunk. McHale's \"What Was Postmodernism?\" (2007), follows Raymond Federman's lead in now using the past tense when discussing postmodernism.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1971, the Arab-American scholar Ihab Hassan published The Dismemberment of Orpheus: Toward a Postmodern Literature, an early work of literary criticism from a postmodern perspective, in which the author traces the development of what he calls \"literature of silence\" through Marquis de Sade, Franz Kafka, Ernest Hemingway, Beckett, and many others, including developments such as the Theatre of the Absurd and the nouveau roman. In 'Postmodernist Fiction' (<hl> 1987 <hl>), Brian McHale details the shift from modernism to postmodernism, arguing that the former is characterized by an epistemological dominant[clarification needed], and that postmodern works have developed out of modernism and are primarily concerned with questions of ontology. In Constructing Postmodernism (1992), McHale's second book, he provides readings of postmodern fiction and of some of the contemporary writers who go under the label of cyberpunk. McHale's \"What Was Postmodernism?\" (2007), follows Raymond Federman's lead in now using the past tense when discussing postmodernism.", "sentence_answer": "In 'Postmodernist Fiction' ( <hl> 1987 <hl> ), Brian McHale details the shift from modernism to postmodernism, arguing that the former is characterized by an epistemological dominant[clarification needed], and that postmodern works have developed out of modernism and are primarily concerned with questions of ontology.", "paragraph_id": "5d6778732b22cd4dfcfbfcb1"}
{"question": "Can a structual engineer work alone?", "paragraph": "The structural engineer is the lead designer on these structures, and often the sole designer. In the design of structures such as these, structural safety is of paramount importance (in the UK, designs for dams, nuclear power stations and bridges must be signed off by a chartered engineer).", "answer": "often the sole designer", "sentence": "The structural engineer is the lead designer on these structures, and often the sole designer .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The structural engineer is the lead designer on these structures, and often the sole designer . <hl> In the design of structures such as these, structural safety is of paramount importance (in the UK, designs for dams, nuclear power stations and bridges must be signed off by a chartered engineer).", "paragraph_answer": "The structural engineer is the lead designer on these structures, and <hl> often the sole designer <hl>. In the design of structures such as these, structural safety is of paramount importance (in the UK, designs for dams, nuclear power stations and bridges must be signed off by a chartered engineer).", "sentence_answer": "The structural engineer is the lead designer on these structures, and <hl> often the sole designer <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d672a912b22cd4dfcfbf14d"}
{"question": "Aatherosclerosis is how important?", "paragraph": "This is extremely important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis. In order to stem the tide, education and awareness that cardiovascular disease poses the greatest threat, and measures to prevent or reverse this disease must be taken.", "answer": "extremely", "sentence": "This is extremely important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> This is extremely important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis. <hl> In order to stem the tide, education and awareness that cardiovascular disease poses the greatest threat, and measures to prevent or reverse this disease must be taken.", "paragraph_answer": "This is <hl> extremely <hl> important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis. In order to stem the tide, education and awareness that cardiovascular disease poses the greatest threat, and measures to prevent or reverse this disease must be taken.", "sentence_answer": "This is <hl> extremely <hl> important considering that 1 in 3 people die from complications attributable to atherosclerosis.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d75d2b22cd4dfcfbcea9"}
{"question": "Which major industry brings visitors to Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "answer": "tourism", "sentence": "Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism .", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). <hl> Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and <hl> tourism <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and <hl> tourism <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65de6a2b22cd4dfcfbd001"}
{"question": "What kind of decentralization is initiated from centers of authority?", "paragraph": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt.  Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "answer": "top-down", "sentence": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\" top-down \") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_sentence": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. <hl> They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\" top-down \") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. <hl> Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "paragraph_answer": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"<hl> top-down <hl>\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "sentence_answer": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\" <hl> top-down <hl> \") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671e12b22cd4dfcfbdf2a"}
{"question": "What is ethics also known as?", "paragraph": "Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. The word \"ethics\" is \"commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual.\" Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "answer": "moral philosophy", "sentence": "Ethics (also known as moral philosophy ) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Ethics (also known as moral philosophy ) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. <hl> The word \"ethics\" is \"commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual.\" Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Ethics (also known as <hl> moral philosophy <hl>) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. The word \"ethics\" is \"commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual.\" Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "sentence_answer": "Ethics (also known as <hl> moral philosophy <hl> ) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e5722b22cd4dfcfc03d2"}
{"question": "What helped the biotechnology sector to grow in Manhattan?", "paragraph": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.", "answer": "the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support", "sentence": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support . <hl> By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.", "paragraph_answer": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon <hl> the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support <hl>. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2)* on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.", "sentence_answer": "The biotechnology sector is also growing in Manhattan based upon <hl> the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d68485e2b22cd4dfcfc06ba"}
{"question": "The surname lee is used in chinese and what other culture?", "paragraph": "The meanings of some names are unknown or unclear. The most common European name in this category may be the Irish name \"Ryan\", which means little king in Irish Gaelic. Other surnames may have arisen from more than one source: the name \"De Luca,\" for instance, likely arose either in or near Lucania or in the family of someone named Lucas or Lucius; in some instances, however, the name may have arisen from Lucca, with the spelling and pronunciation changing over time and with emigration. The same name may appear in different cultures by coincidence or romanization; the surname Lee is used in English culture, but is also a romanization of the Chinese surname Li. Surname origins have been the subject of much folk etymology.", "answer": "English", "sentence": "The same name may appear in different cultures by coincidence or romanization; the surname Lee is used in English culture, but is also a romanization of the Chinese surname Li.", "paragraph_sentence": "The meanings of some names are unknown or unclear. The most common European name in this category may be the Irish name \"Ryan\", which means little king in Irish Gaelic. Other surnames may have arisen from more than one source: the name \"De Luca,\" for instance, likely arose either in or near Lucania or in the family of someone named Lucas or Lucius; in some instances, however, the name may have arisen from Lucca, with the spelling and pronunciation changing over time and with emigration. <hl> The same name may appear in different cultures by coincidence or romanization; the surname Lee is used in English culture, but is also a romanization of the Chinese surname Li. <hl> Surname origins have been the subject of much folk etymology.", "paragraph_answer": "The meanings of some names are unknown or unclear. The most common European name in this category may be the Irish name \"Ryan\", which means little king in Irish Gaelic. Other surnames may have arisen from more than one source: the name \"De Luca,\" for instance, likely arose either in or near Lucania or in the family of someone named Lucas or Lucius; in some instances, however, the name may have arisen from Lucca, with the spelling and pronunciation changing over time and with emigration. The same name may appear in different cultures by coincidence or romanization; the surname Lee is used in <hl> English <hl> culture, but is also a romanization of the Chinese surname Li. Surname origins have been the subject of much folk etymology.", "sentence_answer": "The same name may appear in different cultures by coincidence or romanization; the surname Lee is used in <hl> English <hl> culture, but is also a romanization of the Chinese surname Li.", "paragraph_id": "5d6702772b22cd4dfcfbea3d"}
{"question": "What did blacksmiths set up in rural villages?", "paragraph": "By 1750, a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants provided services to the growing farming population. Blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and furniture makers set up shops in rural villages. There they built and repaired goods needed by farm families. Stores selling English manufactures such as cloth, iron utensils, and window glass as well as West Indian products like sugar and molasses were set up by traders. The storekeepers of these shops sold their imported goods in exchange for crops and other local products including roof shingles, potash, and barrel staves. These local goods were shipped to towns and cities all along the Atlantic Coast. Enterprising men set up stables and taverns along wagon roads to service this transportation system.", "answer": "shops", "sentence": "Blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and furniture makers set up shops in rural villages.", "paragraph_sentence": "By 1750, a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants provided services to the growing farming population. <hl> Blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and furniture makers set up shops in rural villages. <hl> There they built and repaired goods needed by farm families. Stores selling English manufactures such as cloth, iron utensils, and window glass as well as West Indian products like sugar and molasses were set up by traders. The storekeepers of these shops sold their imported goods in exchange for crops and other local products including roof shingles, potash, and barrel staves. These local goods were shipped to towns and cities all along the Atlantic Coast. Enterprising men set up stables and taverns along wagon roads to service this transportation system.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1750, a variety of artisans, shopkeepers, and merchants provided services to the growing farming population. Blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and furniture makers set up <hl> shops <hl> in rural villages. There they built and repaired goods needed by farm families. Stores selling English manufactures such as cloth, iron utensils, and window glass as well as West Indian products like sugar and molasses were set up by traders. The storekeepers of these shops sold their imported goods in exchange for crops and other local products including roof shingles, potash, and barrel staves. These local goods were shipped to towns and cities all along the Atlantic Coast. Enterprising men set up stables and taverns along wagon roads to service this transportation system.", "sentence_answer": "Blacksmiths, wheelwrights, and furniture makers set up <hl> shops <hl> in rural villages.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3302b22cd4dfcfbcbf9"}
{"question": "Rotterdam is ranked at which place in terms of port size compared to the rest of the world?", "paragraph": "The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world. Rotterdam's logistic success is based on its strategic location on the North Sea, directly at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas (New Meuse) channel leading into the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr region. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname \"Gateway to Europe\", and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "answer": "10th largest", "sentence": "The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the 10th largest in the world. <hl> Rotterdam's logistic success is based on its strategic location on the North Sea, directly at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas (New Meuse) channel leading into the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr region. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname \"Gateway to Europe\", and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "paragraph_answer": "The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the <hl> 10th largest <hl> in the world. Rotterdam's logistic success is based on its strategic location on the North Sea, directly at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas (New Meuse) channel leading into the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt delta. The rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr region. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nickname \"Gateway to Europe\", and, conversely; \"Gateway to the World\" in Europe.", "sentence_answer": "The port of Rotterdam is the largest cargo port in Europe and the <hl> 10th largest <hl> in the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fdf42b22cd4dfcfbe978"}
{"question": "What is the nickname for the American Hockey League?", "paragraph": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "answer": "\"The A,\"", "sentence": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as \"The A,\" is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. <hl> It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "paragraph_answer": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as <hl> \"The A,\" <hl> is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL. It comprises 30 teams from the United States and Canada. It is run as a \"farm league\" to the NHL, with the vast majority of AHL players under contract to an NHL team. The ECHL (called the East Coast Hockey League before the 2003\u201304 season) is a mid-level minor league in the United States with a few players under contract to NHL or AHL teams. The Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL) is a developmental minor league in the United States with no NHL affiliations. Most undrafted players get their start in the ECHL or SPHL.", "sentence_answer": "In North America, the American Hockey League (AHL), sometimes referred to as <hl> \"The A,\" <hl> is the primary developmental professional league for players aspiring to enter the NHL.", "paragraph_id": "5d661f492b22cd4dfcfbd962"}
{"question": "When was there a confrontation in Britain?", "paragraph": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "answer": "1909", "sentence": "This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "paragraph_sentence": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. <hl> This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in <hl> 1909 <hl> in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "sentence_answer": "This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in <hl> 1909 <hl> in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d2da2b22cd4dfcfbce1b"}
{"question": "What does the NAIC act as ?", "paragraph": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state.  They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "answer": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations.", "sentence": "The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. <hl> The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. <hl> Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted. The NAIC also acts at the national level to advance laws and policies supported by state insurance regulators. NAIC model acts and regulations provide some degree of uniformity between states, but these models do not have the force of law and have no effect unless they are adopted by a state. They are, however, used as guides by most states, and some states adopt them with little or no change.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The NAIC acts as a forum for the creation of model laws and regulations. <hl> Each state decides whether to pass each NAIC model law or regulation, and each state may make changes in the enactment process, but the models are widely, albeit somewhat irregularly, adopted.", "paragraph_id": "5d6623f52b22cd4dfcfbd9e2"}
{"question": "Subsets of of which order logic are studied in regards to the framework of description logics?", "paragraph": "There are systems weaker than full first-order logic for which the logical consequence relation is decidable. These include propositional logic and monadic predicate logic, which is first-order logic restricted to unary predicate symbols and no function symbols. Other logics with no function symbols which are decidable are the guarded fragment of first-order logic, as well as two-variable logic. The Bernays\u2013Sch\u00f6nfinkel class of first-order formulas is also decidable. Decidable subsets of first-order logic are also studied in the framework of description logics.", "answer": "first", "sentence": "There are systems weaker than full first -order logic for which the logical consequence relation is decidable.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are systems weaker than full first -order logic for which the logical consequence relation is decidable. <hl> These include propositional logic and monadic predicate logic, which is first-order logic restricted to unary predicate symbols and no function symbols. Other logics with no function symbols which are decidable are the guarded fragment of first-order logic, as well as two-variable logic. The Bernays\u2013Sch\u00f6nfinkel class of first-order formulas is also decidable. Decidable subsets of first-order logic are also studied in the framework of description logics.", "paragraph_answer": "There are systems weaker than full <hl> first <hl>-order logic for which the logical consequence relation is decidable. These include propositional logic and monadic predicate logic, which is first-order logic restricted to unary predicate symbols and no function symbols. Other logics with no function symbols which are decidable are the guarded fragment of first-order logic, as well as two-variable logic. The Bernays\u2013Sch\u00f6nfinkel class of first-order formulas is also decidable. Decidable subsets of first-order logic are also studied in the framework of description logics.", "sentence_answer": "There are systems weaker than full <hl> first <hl> -order logic for which the logical consequence relation is decidable.", "paragraph_id": "5d67165c2b22cd4dfcfbeecf"}
{"question": "Which ancestry group is the largest in Tolland County?", "paragraph": "Connecticut has large Italian American, Irish American and English American populations, as well as German American and Polish American populations, with the Italian American population having the second highest percentage of any state, behind Rhode Island (19.3%). Italian is the largest ancestry group in five of the state's counties, while the Irish are the largest group in Tolland county, French Canadians the largest group in Windham county. Connecticut has the highest percentage of Puerto Ricans of any state. African Americans and Hispanics (mostly Puerto Ricans) are numerous in the urban areas of the state. Connecticut is also known for its relatively large Hungarian American population, the majority of which live in and around Fairfield, Stamford, Naugatuck and Bridgeport. Connecticut also has a sizable Polish American population, with New Britain containing the largest Polish American population in the state.", "answer": "Irish", "sentence": "Connecticut has large Italian American, Irish American and English American populations, as well as German American and Polish American populations, with the Italian American population having the second highest percentage of any state, behind Rhode Island (19.3%).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Connecticut has large Italian American, Irish American and English American populations, as well as German American and Polish American populations, with the Italian American population having the second highest percentage of any state, behind Rhode Island (19.3%). <hl> Italian is the largest ancestry group in five of the state's counties, while the Irish are the largest group in Tolland county, French Canadians the largest group in Windham county. Connecticut has the highest percentage of Puerto Ricans of any state. African Americans and Hispanics (mostly Puerto Ricans) are numerous in the urban areas of the state. Connecticut is also known for its relatively large Hungarian American population, the majority of which live in and around Fairfield, Stamford, Naugatuck and Bridgeport. Connecticut also has a sizable Polish American population, with New Britain containing the largest Polish American population in the state.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut has large Italian American, <hl> Irish <hl> American and English American populations, as well as German American and Polish American populations, with the Italian American population having the second highest percentage of any state, behind Rhode Island (19.3%). Italian is the largest ancestry group in five of the state's counties, while the Irish are the largest group in Tolland county, French Canadians the largest group in Windham county. Connecticut has the highest percentage of Puerto Ricans of any state. African Americans and Hispanics (mostly Puerto Ricans) are numerous in the urban areas of the state. Connecticut is also known for its relatively large Hungarian American population, the majority of which live in and around Fairfield, Stamford, Naugatuck and Bridgeport. Connecticut also has a sizable Polish American population, with New Britain containing the largest Polish American population in the state.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut has large Italian American, <hl> Irish <hl> American and English American populations, as well as German American and Polish American populations, with the Italian American population having the second highest percentage of any state, behind Rhode Island (19.3%).", "paragraph_id": "5d6662052b22cd4dfcfbdd2d"}
{"question": "Who were the studies first performed by?", "paragraph": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "answer": "by Jerry Morris", "sentence": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. <hl> The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "paragraph_answer": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 <hl> by Jerry Morris <hl> using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "sentence_answer": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 <hl> by Jerry Morris <hl> using occupational health data and were published in year 1958.", "paragraph_id": "5d6644d42b22cd4dfcfbdbb5"}
{"question": "What are elements that are provided by the connection to stella?", "paragraph": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration. The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "answer": "aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration", "sentence": "Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. <hl> Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration . <hl> The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "paragraph_answer": "In Hindu-Buddhist art of India and Southeast Asia high relief can also be found, although it is not as common as low reliefs. Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as <hl> aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration <hl>. The examples of Indian high reliefs can be found in Khajuraho temple, that displaying voluptuous twisting figures that often describes the erotic Kamasutra positions. In 9th-century Prambanan temple, Central Java, the examples are the high reliefs of Lokapala devatas, the guardian of directions deities.", "sentence_answer": "Most of Hindu-Buddhist sculptures however also can be considered as a high relief, since these sculptures usually connected to a stella as the background to support the statue as well as provides additional elements such as <hl> aura or halo in the back of sculpture's head, or floral decoration <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67fdf92b22cd4dfcfc04f7"}
{"question": "What has been available since July 2012 on digital version?", "paragraph": "An iPad edition was launched in December 2010, and an Android version in August 2011. Since July 2012, the digital version of the paper has been available on Apple's Newsstand platform, allowing automated downloading of the news section. With over 500MB of content every week, it is the biggest newspaper app in the world.", "answer": "Apple's Newsstand platform", "sentence": "Since July 2012, the digital version of the paper has been available on Apple's Newsstand platform , allowing automated downloading of the news section.", "paragraph_sentence": "An iPad edition was launched in December 2010, and an Android version in August 2011. <hl> Since July 2012, the digital version of the paper has been available on Apple's Newsstand platform , allowing automated downloading of the news section. <hl> With over 500MB of content every week, it is the biggest newspaper app in the world.", "paragraph_answer": "An iPad edition was launched in December 2010, and an Android version in August 2011. Since July 2012, the digital version of the paper has been available on <hl> Apple's Newsstand platform <hl>, allowing automated downloading of the news section. With over 500MB of content every week, it is the biggest newspaper app in the world.", "sentence_answer": "Since July 2012, the digital version of the paper has been available on <hl> Apple's Newsstand platform <hl> , allowing automated downloading of the news section.", "paragraph_id": "5d6748f12b22cd4dfcfbf4f5"}
{"question": "How were things changed in teaching in 2009 to help with more reading for the homless?", "paragraph": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "answer": "in-house reading space", "sentence": "Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "paragraph_sentence": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. <hl> Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous in-house reading space to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The San Jose University Library became one of the first academic libraries to pay attention to the needs of the homeless and implement changes to better serve this population. In 2007, the merged University Library and Public Library made the choice to be proactive in reaching out. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations in the area culminated in computer classes being taught, as well as nutrition classes, family literacy programs, and book discussion groups (Collins, 2009). After eighteen months, the library staff felt they still weren't doing enough and \"analyzed program participation trends supplemented by observation and anecdotes\" in order to better understand the information needs of the homeless. When it was understood that these needs are complex, additional customer service training was provided to all staff who were interested (Collins, 2009, p. 112). Once the staff more fully understood the needs of the homeless, it was determined that many programs in place already would be helpful to the homeless with a few minor adjustments. Programs were tailored to meet these needs. Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous <hl> in-house reading space <hl> to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "sentence_answer": "Additional changes implemented included temporary computer passes and generous <hl> in-house reading space <hl> to counteract the policies in place that may prevent the homeless from obtaining a library card (Collins, 2009).New York Public Library offers services to those homeless residing in shelters.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1fb2b22cd4dfcfbd386"}
{"question": "Who was the non-communist leader of the Russian Federation?", "paragraph": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin. With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "answer": "Boris Yeltsin", "sentence": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin . <hl> With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "paragraph_answer": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, <hl> Boris Yeltsin <hl>. With the Soviet Union collapsing, Gorbachev prepared the country to become a loose non-communist federation of independent states called the Commonwealth of Independent States. Hardline communist leaders in the military reacted to Gorbachev's policies with the August Coup of 1991 in which hardline communist military leaders overthrew Gorbachev and seized control of the government. This regime only lasted briefly as widespread popular opposition erupted in street protests and refused to submit. Gorbachev was restored to power, but the various Soviet republics were now set for independence. On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev officially announced the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending the existence of the world's first communist-led state.", "sentence_answer": "The Soviet Union itself collapsed between 1990 and 1991, with a rise of secessionist nationalism and a political power dispute between Gorbachev and the new non-communist leader of the Russian Federation, <hl> Boris Yeltsin <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67c2852b22cd4dfcfc0179"}
{"question": "What broad rate includes part time people who are working but don't make enough to live on called?", "paragraph": "Unemployment can be measured in several ways. A person is unemployed if they are jobless but looking for a job and available for work. People who are neither employed nor unemployed are not in the labor force. For example, as of December 2015, the unemployment rate in the United States was 5.0% or 7.9 million people, while the government's broader U-6 unemployment rate, which includes the part-time underemployed was 9.9% or approximately 16.4 million people. These figures were calculated with a civilian labor force of approximately 157.8 million people, relative to a U.S. population of approximately 323 million people. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) publishes a monthly \"Employment Situation Summary\" with key statistics and commentary.", "answer": "U-6 unemployment rate", "sentence": "For example, as of December 2015, the unemployment rate in the United States was 5.0% or 7.9 million people, while the government's broader U-6 unemployment rate , which includes the part-time underemployed was 9.9% or approximately 16.4 million people.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unemployment can be measured in several ways. A person is unemployed if they are jobless but looking for a job and available for work. People who are neither employed nor unemployed are not in the labor force. <hl> For example, as of December 2015, the unemployment rate in the United States was 5.0% or 7.9 million people, while the government's broader U-6 unemployment rate , which includes the part-time underemployed was 9.9% or approximately 16.4 million people. <hl> These figures were calculated with a civilian labor force of approximately 157.8 million people, relative to a U.S. population of approximately 323 million people. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) publishes a monthly \"Employment Situation Summary\" with key statistics and commentary.", "paragraph_answer": "Unemployment can be measured in several ways. A person is unemployed if they are jobless but looking for a job and available for work. People who are neither employed nor unemployed are not in the labor force. For example, as of December 2015, the unemployment rate in the United States was 5.0% or 7.9 million people, while the government's broader <hl> U-6 unemployment rate <hl>, which includes the part-time underemployed was 9.9% or approximately 16.4 million people. These figures were calculated with a civilian labor force of approximately 157.8 million people, relative to a U.S. population of approximately 323 million people. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) publishes a monthly \"Employment Situation Summary\" with key statistics and commentary.", "sentence_answer": "For example, as of December 2015, the unemployment rate in the United States was 5.0% or 7.9 million people, while the government's broader <hl> U-6 unemployment rate <hl> , which includes the part-time underemployed was 9.9% or approximately 16.4 million people.", "paragraph_id": "5d6709252b22cd4dfcfbeb7c"}
{"question": "Which city is the most economically powerful city?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough. Historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626, for the equivalent of US$1111, Manhattan real estate has since become among the most expensive in the world, with the value of Manhattan Island, including real estate, estimated to exceed US$3 trillion in 2013.", "answer": "New York City", "sentence": "Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. <hl> Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. <hl> Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough. Historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626, for the equivalent of US$1111, Manhattan real estate has since become among the most expensive in the world, with the value of Manhattan Island, including real estate, estimated to exceed US$3 trillion in 2013.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, <hl> New York City <hl> has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough. Historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626, for the equivalent of US$1111, Manhattan real estate has since become among the most expensive in the world, with the value of Manhattan Island, including real estate, estimated to exceed US$3 trillion in 2013.", "sentence_answer": "Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, <hl> New York City <hl> has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization: the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ca502b22cd4dfcfc0239"}
{"question": "When did the city's name change again?", "paragraph": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "answer": "After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE", "sentence": "After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires.", "paragraph_sentence": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. <hl> After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. <hl> It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "paragraph_answer": "Founded under the name of Byzantium on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE, the city developed to become one of the most significant in history. <hl> After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE <hl>, it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires. It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE <hl> , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330\u20131204 and 1261\u20131453), the Latin (1204\u20131261), and the Ottoman (1453\u20131922) empires.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de7f2b22cd4dfcfbd013"}
{"question": "What is the first American school in existence?", "paragraph": "Most established universities in Istanbul are backed by the government; the city also has several prominent private institutions. The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College, founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863. The tertiary element of its education program became the public Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University in 1971; the remaining portion in Arnavutk\u00f6y continues as a boarding high-school under the name Robert College. Private universities were officially outlawed in Turkey before the Constitution of 1982, but there were already fifteen private \"higher schools\", which were effectively universities, in Istanbul by 1970. The first private university established in Istanbul since 1982 was Ko\u00e7 University (founded in 1992), and another dozen had opened within the following decade. Today, there are at least 30 private universities in the city, including Istanbul Commerce University and Kadir Has University. A new biomedical research and development hub, called Bio Istanbul, is under construction in Ba\u015fak\u015fehir, and will host 15,000 residents, 20,000 working commuters, and a university upon completion.", "answer": "Robert College", "sentence": "The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College , founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863.", "paragraph_sentence": "Most established universities in Istanbul are backed by the government; the city also has several prominent private institutions. <hl> The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was Robert College , founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863. <hl> The tertiary element of its education program became the public Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University in 1971; the remaining portion in Arnavutk\u00f6y continues as a boarding high-school under the name Robert College. Private universities were officially outlawed in Turkey before the Constitution of 1982, but there were already fifteen private \"higher schools\", which were effectively universities, in Istanbul by 1970. The first private university established in Istanbul since 1982 was Ko\u00e7 University (founded in 1992), and another dozen had opened within the following decade. Today, there are at least 30 private universities in the city, including Istanbul Commerce University and Kadir Has University. A new biomedical research and development hub, called Bio Istanbul, is under construction in Ba\u015fak\u015fehir, and will host 15,000 residents, 20,000 working commuters, and a university upon completion.", "paragraph_answer": "Most established universities in Istanbul are backed by the government; the city also has several prominent private institutions. The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was <hl> Robert College <hl>, founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863. The tertiary element of its education program became the public Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University in 1971; the remaining portion in Arnavutk\u00f6y continues as a boarding high-school under the name Robert College. Private universities were officially outlawed in Turkey before the Constitution of 1982, but there were already fifteen private \"higher schools\", which were effectively universities, in Istanbul by 1970. The first private university established in Istanbul since 1982 was Ko\u00e7 University (founded in 1992), and another dozen had opened within the following decade. Today, there are at least 30 private universities in the city, including Istanbul Commerce University and Kadir Has University. A new biomedical research and development hub, called Bio Istanbul, is under construction in Ba\u015fak\u015fehir, and will host 15,000 residents, 20,000 working commuters, and a university upon completion.", "sentence_answer": "The first modern private university in Istanbul, also the oldest American school in existence in its original location outside the United States, was <hl> Robert College <hl> , founded by Christopher Robert, an American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin, a missionary devoted to education, in 1863.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7692b22cd4dfcfbd455"}
{"question": "Will mineral supplements prevent cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "While a healthy diet is beneficial, in general the effect of antioxidant supplementation (vitamin E, vitamin C, etc.) or vitamins has not been shown to protection against cardiovascular disease and in some cases may possibly result in harm. Mineral supplements have also not been found to be useful. Niacin, a type of vitamin B3, may be an exception with a modest decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events in those at high risk. Magnesium supplementation lowers high blood pressure in a dose dependent manner. Magnesium therapy is recommended for patients with ventricular arrhythmia associated with torsades de pointes who present with long QT syndrome as well as for the treatment of patients with digoxin intoxication-induced arrhythmias. Evidence to support omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is lacking.", "answer": "not been found to be useful", "sentence": "Mineral supplements have also not been found to be useful .", "paragraph_sentence": "While a healthy diet is beneficial, in general the effect of antioxidant supplementation (vitamin E, vitamin C, etc.) or vitamins has not been shown to protection against cardiovascular disease and in some cases may possibly result in harm. <hl> Mineral supplements have also not been found to be useful . <hl> Niacin, a type of vitamin B3, may be an exception with a modest decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events in those at high risk. Magnesium supplementation lowers high blood pressure in a dose dependent manner. Magnesium therapy is recommended for patients with ventricular arrhythmia associated with torsades de pointes who present with long QT syndrome as well as for the treatment of patients with digoxin intoxication-induced arrhythmias. Evidence to support omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is lacking.", "paragraph_answer": "While a healthy diet is beneficial, in general the effect of antioxidant supplementation (vitamin E, vitamin C, etc.) or vitamins has not been shown to protection against cardiovascular disease and in some cases may possibly result in harm. Mineral supplements have also <hl> not been found to be useful <hl>. Niacin, a type of vitamin B3, may be an exception with a modest decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events in those at high risk. Magnesium supplementation lowers high blood pressure in a dose dependent manner. Magnesium therapy is recommended for patients with ventricular arrhythmia associated with torsades de pointes who present with long QT syndrome as well as for the treatment of patients with digoxin intoxication-induced arrhythmias. Evidence to support omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is lacking.", "sentence_answer": "Mineral supplements have also <hl> not been found to be useful <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66813e2b22cd4dfcfbe108"}
{"question": "What would you do to a true compound surname to avoid ambiguity?", "paragraph": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated, for instance, as Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o. This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world, since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname. Although Mi\u00f1o did start off as the maternal surname in this compound surname, it was many generations ago, around five centuries, that it became compounded, and henceforth inherited and passed on as a compound.", "answer": "hyphenated", "sentence": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated , for instance, as Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames hyphenated , for instance, as Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o. <hl> This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world, since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname. Although Mi\u00f1o did start off as the maternal surname in this compound surname, it was many generations ago, around five centuries, that it became compounded, and henceforth inherited and passed on as a compound.", "paragraph_answer": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames <hl> hyphenated <hl>, for instance, as Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o. This is true especially in the Anglosphere, but also sometimes even in the Hispanic world, since to many Hispanics unfamiliar with this and other compound surnames, \"Paz y Mi\u00f1o\" might be inadvertently mistaken as \"Paz\" for the paternal surname and \"Mi\u00f1o\" for the maternal surname. Although Mi\u00f1o did start off as the maternal surname in this compound surname, it was many generations ago, around five centuries, that it became compounded, and henceforth inherited and passed on as a compound.", "sentence_answer": "To avoid ambiguity, one might often informally see these true compound surnames <hl> hyphenated <hl> , for instance, as Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o.", "paragraph_id": "5d676cc02b22cd4dfcfbfb10"}
{"question": "What year does students rotate in various hospital departments?", "paragraph": "In most institutions, medical education lasts for four years. Basic subjects are taken up in the first and second years, while clinical sciences are studied in the second and third years. In their fourth year, students rotate in the various hospital departments, spending up to two months each in the fields of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and several weeks in the other specialties. After this, students graduate with a Doctorate in Medicine (MD) and apply for postgraduate internship (PGI) in an accredited hospital of their choice. After PGI, the student is eligible to take the Medical Licensure Examination. Passing the examinations confers the right to practice medicine as well as to apply in a Residency Training Program.", "answer": "fourth year", "sentence": "In their fourth year , students rotate in the various hospital departments, spending up to two months each in the fields of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and several weeks in the other specialties.", "paragraph_sentence": "In most institutions, medical education lasts for four years. Basic subjects are taken up in the first and second years, while clinical sciences are studied in the second and third years. <hl> In their fourth year , students rotate in the various hospital departments, spending up to two months each in the fields of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and several weeks in the other specialties. <hl> After this, students graduate with a Doctorate in Medicine (MD) and apply for postgraduate internship (PGI) in an accredited hospital of their choice. After PGI, the student is eligible to take the Medical Licensure Examination. Passing the examinations confers the right to practice medicine as well as to apply in a Residency Training Program.", "paragraph_answer": "In most institutions, medical education lasts for four years. Basic subjects are taken up in the first and second years, while clinical sciences are studied in the second and third years. In their <hl> fourth year <hl>, students rotate in the various hospital departments, spending up to two months each in the fields of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and several weeks in the other specialties. After this, students graduate with a Doctorate in Medicine (MD) and apply for postgraduate internship (PGI) in an accredited hospital of their choice. After PGI, the student is eligible to take the Medical Licensure Examination. Passing the examinations confers the right to practice medicine as well as to apply in a Residency Training Program.", "sentence_answer": "In their <hl> fourth year <hl> , students rotate in the various hospital departments, spending up to two months each in the fields of internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics, and several weeks in the other specialties.", "paragraph_id": "5d664a662b22cd4dfcfbdbfd"}
{"question": "What is the most basic forecheck system?", "paragraph": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134. The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "answer": "The 2\u20131\u20132", "sentence": "The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "paragraph_sentence": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134. <hl> The 2\u20131\u20132 is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. <hl> The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "paragraph_answer": "One of the most important strategies for a team is their forecheck. Forechecking is the act of attacking the opposition in their defensive zone. Forechecking is an important part of the dump and chase strategy (i.e. shooting the puck into the offensive zone and then chasing after it). Each team will use their own unique system but the main ones are: 2\u20131\u20132, 1\u20132\u20132, and 1\u20134. <hl> The 2\u20131\u20132 <hl> is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline. The 1\u20132\u20132 is a bit more conservative system where one forward pressures the puck carrier and the other two forwards cover the oppositions' wingers, with the two defencemen staying at the blueline. The 1\u20134 is the most defensive forecheck system, referred to as the neutral zone trap, where one forward will apply pressure to the puck carrier around the oppositions' blueline and the other 4 players stand basically in a line by their blueline in hopes the opposition will skate into one of them. Another strategy is the left wing lock, which has two forwards pressure the puck and the left wing and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The 2\u20131\u20132 <hl> is the most basic forecheck system where two forwards will go in deep and pressure the opposition's defencemen, the third forward stays high and the two defencemen stay at the blueline.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7c62b22cd4dfcfbcedb"}
{"question": "What medical facility's growth is attributed to Nordenberg's tenure?", "paragraph": "Mark Nordenberg was chancellor of the University from 1995 to 2014 and led Pitt through a period of substantial progress, including a $2-billion capital-raising campaign that is over three quarters of the way toward achieving its goal and a $1-billion 12-year facilities plan. Major initiatives and events that have occurred during his tenure include the construction of the Petersen Events Center, a major expansion of on-campus housing, the growth of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and the restructuring of its relationship with the university, and a series of disruptive bomb threats that occurred in 2012.", "answer": "University of Pittsburgh Medical Center", "sentence": "Major initiatives and events that have occurred during his tenure include the construction of the Petersen Events Center, a major expansion of on-campus housing, the growth of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and the restructuring of its relationship with the university, and a series of disruptive bomb threats that occurred in 2012.", "paragraph_sentence": "Mark Nordenberg was chancellor of the University from 1995 to 2014 and led Pitt through a period of substantial progress, including a $2-billion capital-raising campaign that is over three quarters of the way toward achieving its goal and a $1-billion 12-year facilities plan. <hl> Major initiatives and events that have occurred during his tenure include the construction of the Petersen Events Center, a major expansion of on-campus housing, the growth of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and the restructuring of its relationship with the university, and a series of disruptive bomb threats that occurred in 2012. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Mark Nordenberg was chancellor of the University from 1995 to 2014 and led Pitt through a period of substantial progress, including a $2-billion capital-raising campaign that is over three quarters of the way toward achieving its goal and a $1-billion 12-year facilities plan. Major initiatives and events that have occurred during his tenure include the construction of the Petersen Events Center, a major expansion of on-campus housing, the growth of the <hl> University of Pittsburgh Medical Center <hl> and the restructuring of its relationship with the university, and a series of disruptive bomb threats that occurred in 2012.", "sentence_answer": "Major initiatives and events that have occurred during his tenure include the construction of the Petersen Events Center, a major expansion of on-campus housing, the growth of the <hl> University of Pittsburgh Medical Center <hl> and the restructuring of its relationship with the university, and a series of disruptive bomb threats that occurred in 2012.", "paragraph_id": "5d682edf2b22cd4dfcfc0646"}
{"question": "How were sax and brass sections used in 1930s swing bands?", "paragraph": "The saxophone is also commonly used in jazz music, where the saxophone is one of the signature sounds. Beginning in the early 20th century, the saxophone became popular in dance orchestras, which were not jazz ensembles but influenced the format of the big swing era bands that were soon to follow. The arrival of the saxophone as a jazz instrument is attributed to tenor saxophonist Coleman Hawkins' stint with the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra starting in 1923.  The saxophone was soon embraced by Chicago style musicians who added it, along with chordal instruments such as a piano, banjo, or guitar, to the trumpet-clarinet-trombone-bass-drums ensemble format inherited from New Orleans jazz.  The Duke Ellington Orchestra of the late 1920s featured saxophone-based ensemble sounds and solos by saxophonists Otto Hardwick, Johnny Hodges, and Harry Carney.  The swing bands of the 1930s utilized arrangements of saxophone and brass sections playing off each other in call-response patterns.  The influence of tenor saxophonist Lester Young with the Count Basie Orchestra in the late 1930s and the tremendous popularity of Coleman Hawkins' 1939 recording of Body and Soul marked the saxophone as an influence on jazz equal to that of the trumpet, which had been the defining instrument of jazz since its beginnings in New Orleans.  But the greatest influence of the saxophone on jazz was to occur just a few years later, as alto saxophonist Charlie Parker became an icon of the bebop revolution that influenced generations of jazz musicians.  The small group format of bebop and post-bebop jazz ensembles, typically with one to three lead instruments(usually including a saxophone), a chordal instrument, bass, and drums, gained ascendancy in the 1940s as musicians emphasized extended exploration utilizing the new harmonic and melodic freedoms that bebop provided, thanks to Charlie Parker and a few other pioneers such as Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and Bud Powell.", "answer": "call-response patterns", "sentence": " The swing bands of the 1930s utilized arrangements of saxophone and brass sections playing off each other in call-response patterns .", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone is also commonly used in jazz music, where the saxophone is one of the signature sounds. Beginning in the early 20th century, the saxophone became popular in dance orchestras, which were not jazz ensembles but influenced the format of the big swing era bands that were soon to follow. The arrival of the saxophone as a jazz instrument is attributed to tenor saxophonist Coleman Hawkins' stint with the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra starting in 1923. The saxophone was soon embraced by Chicago style musicians who added it, along with chordal instruments such as a piano, banjo, or guitar, to the trumpet-clarinet-trombone-bass-drums ensemble format inherited from New Orleans jazz. The Duke Ellington Orchestra of the late 1920s featured saxophone-based ensemble sounds and solos by saxophonists Otto Hardwick, Johnny Hodges, and Harry Carney. <hl> The swing bands of the 1930s utilized arrangements of saxophone and brass sections playing off each other in call-response patterns . <hl> The influence of tenor saxophonist Lester Young with the Count Basie Orchestra in the late 1930s and the tremendous popularity of Coleman Hawkins' 1939 recording of Body and Soul marked the saxophone as an influence on jazz equal to that of the trumpet, which had been the defining instrument of jazz since its beginnings in New Orleans. But the greatest influence of the saxophone on jazz was to occur just a few years later, as alto saxophonist Charlie Parker became an icon of the bebop revolution that influenced generations of jazz musicians. The small group format of bebop and post-bebop jazz ensembles, typically with one to three lead instruments(usually including a saxophone), a chordal instrument, bass, and drums, gained ascendancy in the 1940s as musicians emphasized extended exploration utilizing the new harmonic and melodic freedoms that bebop provided, thanks to Charlie Parker and a few other pioneers such as Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and Bud Powell.", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone is also commonly used in jazz music, where the saxophone is one of the signature sounds. Beginning in the early 20th century, the saxophone became popular in dance orchestras, which were not jazz ensembles but influenced the format of the big swing era bands that were soon to follow. The arrival of the saxophone as a jazz instrument is attributed to tenor saxophonist Coleman Hawkins' stint with the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra starting in 1923. The saxophone was soon embraced by Chicago style musicians who added it, along with chordal instruments such as a piano, banjo, or guitar, to the trumpet-clarinet-trombone-bass-drums ensemble format inherited from New Orleans jazz. The Duke Ellington Orchestra of the late 1920s featured saxophone-based ensemble sounds and solos by saxophonists Otto Hardwick, Johnny Hodges, and Harry Carney. The swing bands of the 1930s utilized arrangements of saxophone and brass sections playing off each other in <hl> call-response patterns <hl>. The influence of tenor saxophonist Lester Young with the Count Basie Orchestra in the late 1930s and the tremendous popularity of Coleman Hawkins' 1939 recording of Body and Soul marked the saxophone as an influence on jazz equal to that of the trumpet, which had been the defining instrument of jazz since its beginnings in New Orleans. But the greatest influence of the saxophone on jazz was to occur just a few years later, as alto saxophonist Charlie Parker became an icon of the bebop revolution that influenced generations of jazz musicians. The small group format of bebop and post-bebop jazz ensembles, typically with one to three lead instruments(usually including a saxophone), a chordal instrument, bass, and drums, gained ascendancy in the 1940s as musicians emphasized extended exploration utilizing the new harmonic and melodic freedoms that bebop provided, thanks to Charlie Parker and a few other pioneers such as Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, and Bud Powell.", "sentence_answer": " The swing bands of the 1930s utilized arrangements of saxophone and brass sections playing off each other in <hl> call-response patterns <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d672bda2b22cd4dfcfbf18e"}
{"question": "Which country did not directly deal with the slave trade but licensed traders?", "paragraph": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "answer": "Spanish empire", "sentence": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empire s; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empire s; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. <hl> It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "paragraph_answer": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and <hl> Spanish empire <hl>s; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "sentence_answer": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and <hl> Spanish empire <hl> s; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f35d2b22cd4dfcfbd3b6"}
{"question": "What is a characteristic of many grad figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture?", "paragraph": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "answer": "very \"high\" version of high-relief", "sentence": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief , with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief , with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. <hl> The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a <hl> very \"high\" version of high-relief <hl>, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "sentence_answer": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a <hl> very \"high\" version of high-relief <hl> , with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth.", "paragraph_id": "5d67fbf22b22cd4dfcfc04d8"}
{"question": "What teams share a rivalry?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "answer": "Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e", "sentence": "Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. <hl> Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. <hl> Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Be\u015fikta\u015f J.K., established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs; because of its initial status as Turkey's only club, it occasionally played as the national team. Its football team has seen several periods of dominance in national competition, Istanbul's Galatasaray S.K. and Fenerbah\u00e7e S.K. have fared better in international competition and share the honor of winning the most S\u00fcper Lig championships. <hl> Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e <hl> have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city. Istanbul has seven basketball teams\u2014Anadolu Efes S.K., Be\u015fikta\u015f, Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka Do\u011fu\u015f, Fenerbah\u00e7e \u00dclker, Galatasaray Liv Hospital, \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor and T\u00fcyap B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece\u2014that play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball League.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Galatasaray and Fenerbah\u00e7e <hl> have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in European Istanbul and Fenerbah\u00e7e based in the Anatolian part of the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ef992b22cd4dfcfbd321"}
{"question": "George W. Bush opposed the validity of what?", "paragraph": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "answer": "the Kyoto Protocols", "sentence": "Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. <hl> Bush also publicly opposed ratification of the Kyoto Protocols which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 2006 then California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger broke from Republican orthodoxy to sign several bills imposing caps on carbon emissions in California. George W. Bush, then U.S. President, opposed mandatory caps at a national level. Bush's decision not to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant was challenged in the supreme court by 12 states, with the court ruling against the Bush administration in 2007. Bush also publicly opposed ratification of <hl> the Kyoto Protocols <hl> which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "sentence_answer": "Bush also publicly opposed ratification of <hl> the Kyoto Protocols <hl> which sought to limit greenhouse gas emissions and thereby combat climate change, a decision heavily criticized by climate scientists.", "paragraph_id": "5d6742e92b22cd4dfcfbf437"}
{"question": "What is the name of the metal that tin is most commonly alloyed with?", "paragraph": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "answer": "copper", "sentence": "Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper .", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. <hl> Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper . <hl> Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with <hl> copper <hl>. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "sentence_answer": "Tin is most commonly alloyed with <hl> copper <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670ee02b22cd4dfcfbecac"}
{"question": "What is the purpose of a structual design for a buiding?", "paragraph": "The structural design for a building must ensure that the building is able to stand up safely, able to function without excessive deflections or movements which may cause fatigue of structural elements, cracking or failure of fixtures, fittings or partitions, or discomfort for occupants. It must account for movements and forces due to temperature, creep, cracking and imposed loads. It must also ensure that the design is practically buildable within acceptable manufacturing tolerances of the materials. It must allow the architecture to work, and the building services to fit within the building and function (air conditioning, ventilation, smoke extract, electrics, lighting etc.). The structural design of a modern building can be extremely complex, and often requires a large team to complete.", "answer": "to stand up safely", "sentence": "The structural design for a building must ensure that the building is able to stand up safely , able to function without excessive deflections or movements which may cause fatigue of structural elements, cracking or failure of fixtures, fittings or partitions, or discomfort for occupants.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The structural design for a building must ensure that the building is able to stand up safely , able to function without excessive deflections or movements which may cause fatigue of structural elements, cracking or failure of fixtures, fittings or partitions, or discomfort for occupants. <hl> It must account for movements and forces due to temperature, creep, cracking and imposed loads. It must also ensure that the design is practically buildable within acceptable manufacturing tolerances of the materials. It must allow the architecture to work, and the building services to fit within the building and function (air conditioning, ventilation, smoke extract, electrics, lighting etc.). The structural design of a modern building can be extremely complex, and often requires a large team to complete.", "paragraph_answer": "The structural design for a building must ensure that the building is able <hl> to stand up safely <hl>, able to function without excessive deflections or movements which may cause fatigue of structural elements, cracking or failure of fixtures, fittings or partitions, or discomfort for occupants. It must account for movements and forces due to temperature, creep, cracking and imposed loads. It must also ensure that the design is practically buildable within acceptable manufacturing tolerances of the materials. It must allow the architecture to work, and the building services to fit within the building and function (air conditioning, ventilation, smoke extract, electrics, lighting etc.). The structural design of a modern building can be extremely complex, and often requires a large team to complete.", "sentence_answer": "The structural design for a building must ensure that the building is able <hl> to stand up safely <hl> , able to function without excessive deflections or movements which may cause fatigue of structural elements, cracking or failure of fixtures, fittings or partitions, or discomfort for occupants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725d62b22cd4dfcfbf0c8"}
{"question": "What did Kennedy's report reveal?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life,", "sentence": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. <hl> Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedda"}
{"question": "The Bank of Manhattan is headquartered in what building?", "paragraph": "The Roaring Twenties saw a race to the sky, with three separate buildings pursuing the world's tallest title in the span of a year. As the stock market soared in the days before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, two developers publicly competed for the crown. At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. Both buildings were soon surpassed, with the May 1931 completion of the 102-story Empire State Building with its Art Deco tower soaring 1,250 feet (380 m) to the top of the building. The 203-foot (62 m) high pinnacle was later added bringing the total height of the building to 1,453 ft (443 m).", "answer": "40 Wall Street", "sentence": "At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street , completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Roaring Twenties saw a race to the sky, with three separate buildings pursuing the world's tallest title in the span of a year. As the stock market soared in the days before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, two developers publicly competed for the crown. <hl> At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street , completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. <hl> At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. Both buildings were soon surpassed, with the May 1931 completion of the 102-story Empire State Building with its Art Deco tower soaring 1,250 feet (380 m) to the top of the building. The 203-foot (62 m) high pinnacle was later added bringing the total height of the building to 1,453 ft (443 m).", "paragraph_answer": "The Roaring Twenties saw a race to the sky, with three separate buildings pursuing the world's tallest title in the span of a year. As the stock market soared in the days before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, two developers publicly competed for the crown. At 927 feet (283 m), <hl> 40 Wall Street <hl>, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. Both buildings were soon surpassed, with the May 1931 completion of the 102-story Empire State Building with its Art Deco tower soaring 1,250 feet (380 m) to the top of the building. The 203-foot (62 m) high pinnacle was later added bringing the total height of the building to 1,453 ft (443 m).", "sentence_answer": "At 927 feet (283 m), <hl> 40 Wall Street <hl> , completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724f12b22cd4dfcfbf098"}
{"question": "When was the first woman hockey teammate?", "paragraph": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "answer": "1969\u201370", "sentence": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370 , when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969\u201370 , when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. <hl> One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "paragraph_answer": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in <hl> 1969\u201370 <hl>, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rh\u00e9aume, has played in the NHL, as a goaltender for the Tampa Bay Lightning in pre-season games against the St. Louis Blues and the Boston Bruins. In 2003, Hayley Wickenheiser played with the Kirkkonummi Salamat in the Finnish men's Suomi-sarja league. Several women have competed in North American minor leagues, including Rh\u00e9aume, goaltenders Kelly Dyer and Erin Whitten and defenceman Angela Ruggiero.", "sentence_answer": "The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional hockey player in <hl> 1969\u201370 <hl> , when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch.", "paragraph_id": "5d66928b2b22cd4dfcfbe2c4"}
{"question": "What was a 15-year-old boy's life expectancy in 1700?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "63", "sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63 )", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63 ) <hl> . As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about <hl> 63 <hl>). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about <hl> 63 <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2592b22cd4dfcfbcbcc"}
{"question": "What is an example of a patronymic surname?", "paragraph": "These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \"Andersen,\" a matronymic such as \"Beaton,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\" Multiple surnames may be derived from a single given name: e.g. there are thought to be over 90 Italian surnames based on the given name \"Giovanni.\"", "answer": "Andersen", "sentence": "These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \" Andersen ,\" a matronymic such as \"Beaton,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \" Andersen ,\" a matronymic such as \"Beaton,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\" <hl> Multiple surnames may be derived from a single given name: e.g. there are thought to be over 90 Italian surnames based on the given name \"Giovanni.\"", "paragraph_answer": "These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \"<hl> Andersen <hl>,\" a matronymic such as \"Beaton,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\" Multiple surnames may be derived from a single given name: e.g. there are thought to be over 90 Italian surnames based on the given name \"Giovanni.\"", "sentence_answer": "These may be a simple first name such as \"Wilhelm,\" a patronymic such as \" <hl> Andersen <hl> ,\" a matronymic such as \"Beaton,\" or a clan name such as \"O'Brien.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d671dbb2b22cd4dfcfbefc7"}
{"question": "What year did Maurice Block pen the article \"Decentralization\"", "paragraph": "The word \"centralization\" came into use in France in 1794 as the post-French Revolution French Directory leadership created a new government structure. The word \"decentralization\" came into usage in the 1820s. \"Centralization\" entered written English in the first third of the 1800s;\nmentions of decentralization also first appear during those years. In the mid-1800s Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that the French Revolution began with \"a push towards decentralization...[but became,]in the end, an extension of centralization.\" In 1863 retired French bureaucrat Maurice Block wrote an article called \u201cDecentralization\u201d for a French journal which reviewed the dynamics of government and bureaucratic centralization and recent French efforts at decentralization of government functions.", "answer": "In 1863 retired French bureaucrat Maurice Block wrote an article called \u201cDecentralization\u201d for a French journal", "sentence": "[but became,]in the end, an extension of centralization.\" In 1863 retired French bureaucrat Maurice Block wrote an article called \u201cDecentralization\u201d for a French journal which reviewed the dynamics of government and bureaucratic centralization and recent French efforts at decentralization of government functions.", "paragraph_sentence": "The word \"centralization\" came into use in France in 1794 as the post-French Revolution French Directory leadership created a new government structure. The word \"decentralization\" came into usage in the 1820s. \"Centralization\" entered written English in the first third of the 1800s; mentions of decentralization also first appear during those years. In the mid-1800s Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that the French Revolution began with \"a push towards decentralization... <hl> [but became,]in the end, an extension of centralization.\" In 1863 retired French bureaucrat Maurice Block wrote an article called \u201cDecentralization\u201d for a French journal which reviewed the dynamics of government and bureaucratic centralization and recent French efforts at decentralization of government functions. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The word \"centralization\" came into use in France in 1794 as the post-French Revolution French Directory leadership created a new government structure. The word \"decentralization\" came into usage in the 1820s. \"Centralization\" entered written English in the first third of the 1800s; mentions of decentralization also first appear during those years. In the mid-1800s Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that the French Revolution began with \"a push towards decentralization...[but became,]in the end, an extension of centralization.\" <hl> In 1863 retired French bureaucrat Maurice Block wrote an article called \u201cDecentralization\u201d for a French journal <hl> which reviewed the dynamics of government and bureaucratic centralization and recent French efforts at decentralization of government functions.", "sentence_answer": "[but became,]in the end, an extension of centralization.\" <hl> In 1863 retired French bureaucrat Maurice Block wrote an article called \u201cDecentralization\u201d for a French journal <hl> which reviewed the dynamics of government and bureaucratic centralization and recent French efforts at decentralization of government functions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6661b52b22cd4dfcfbdd24"}
{"question": "What pharmaceutical company's headquarters is located in Rotterdam?", "paragraph": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever, asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture.\nIt is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer, logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon.", "answer": "Pfizer", "sentence": "\nIt is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer , logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble.", "paragraph_sentence": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever, asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture. <hl> It is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer , logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. <hl> Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon.", "paragraph_answer": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever, asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture. It is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company <hl> Pfizer <hl>, logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon.", "sentence_answer": " It is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company <hl> Pfizer <hl> , logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b7392b22cd4dfcfc0010"}
{"question": "What cause of homelessness was ranked the lowest by five mayors?", "paragraph": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "answer": "prisoner reentry", "sentence": "The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry .", "paragraph_sentence": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. <hl> The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry . <hl> Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "paragraph_answer": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was <hl> prisoner reentry <hl>. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "sentence_answer": "The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was <hl> prisoner reentry <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66196c2b22cd4dfcfbd8a3"}
{"question": "What do people typically base their moral judgements of intentional harms on aside from the action outcome itself?", "paragraph": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral\njudgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why\nwere moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other\nmorally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either\naccount, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "answer": "intentions and beliefs", "sentence": "On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs .", "paragraph_sentence": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. <hl> On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs . <hl> So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "paragraph_answer": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's <hl> intentions and beliefs <hl>. So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "sentence_answer": "On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's <hl> intentions and beliefs <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6754ac2b22cd4dfcfbf73e"}
{"question": "What expanded the importance of critical theory?", "paragraph": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism.  It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "answer": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society", "sentence": "Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. <hl> These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society <hl> expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century. These developments\u2014re-evaluation of the entire Western value system (love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968\u2014are described with the term Postmodernity, as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement. Postmodernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism out of which postmodernism grew, a proper understanding of postmodernism or doing justice to the postmodernist thought demands an understanding of the poststructuralist movement and the ideas of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to postmodernism by following a time of structuralism. It is characterized by new ways of thinking through structuralism, contrary to the original form. \"Postmodernist\" describes part of a movement; \"Postmodern\" places it in the period of time since the 1950s, making it a part of contemporary history.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Postmodernist ideas in philosophy and the analysis of culture and society <hl> expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of literature, architecture, and design, as well as being visible in marketing/business and the interpretation of history, law and culture, starting in the late 20th century.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2e2b22cd4dfcfbf62c"}
{"question": "In what year did Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley present the Hodgkin-Huxley model?", "paragraph": "In 1952, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model. In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model. In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. Beginning in 1966, Eric Kandel and collaborators examined biochemical changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage in Aplysia. In 1981 Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar combined these models in the Morris\u2013Lecar model.", "answer": "1952", "sentence": "In 1952 , Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1952 , Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model. <hl> In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model. In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. Beginning in 1966, Eric Kandel and collaborators examined biochemical changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage in Aplysia. In 1981 Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar combined these models in the Morris\u2013Lecar model.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1952 <hl>, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model. In 1961\u20132, Richard FitzHugh and J. Nagumo simplified Hodgkin\u2013Huxley, in what is called the FitzHugh\u2013Nagumo model. In 1962, Bernard Katz modeled neurotransmission across the space between neurons known as synapses. Beginning in 1966, Eric Kandel and collaborators examined biochemical changes in neurons associated with learning and memory storage in Aplysia. In 1981 Catherine Morris and Harold Lecar combined these models in the Morris\u2013Lecar model.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1952 <hl> , Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley presented a mathematical model for transmission of electrical signals in neurons of the giant axon of a squid, action potentials, and how they are initiated and propagated, known as the Hodgkin\u2013Huxley model.", "paragraph_id": "5d670eb22b22cd4dfcfbeca2"}
{"question": "Who set a record?", "paragraph": "A record was set on December 11, 2010, when the University of Michigan's men's ice hockey team faced cross-state rival Michigan State in an event billed as \"The Big Chill at the Big House.\" The game was played at Michigan's (American) football venue, Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor, with a capacity of 109,901 as of the 2010 football season. When UM stopped sales to the public on May 6, 2010, with plans to reserve remaining tickets for students, over 100,000 tickets had been sold for the event. Ultimately, a crowd announced by UM as 113,411, the largest in the stadium's history (including football), saw the homestanding Wolverines win 5\u20130. Guinness World Records, using a count of ticketed fans who actually entered the stadium instead of UM's figure of tickets sold, announced a final figure of 104,173.", "answer": "the University of Michigan", "sentence": "A record was set on December 11, 2010, when the University of Michigan 's men's ice hockey team faced cross-state rival Michigan State in an event billed as \"The Big Chill at the Big House.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A record was set on December 11, 2010, when the University of Michigan 's men's ice hockey team faced cross-state rival Michigan State in an event billed as \"The Big Chill at the Big House.\" <hl> The game was played at Michigan's (American) football venue, Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor, with a capacity of 109,901 as of the 2010 football season. When UM stopped sales to the public on May 6, 2010, with plans to reserve remaining tickets for students, over 100,000 tickets had been sold for the event. Ultimately, a crowd announced by UM as 113,411, the largest in the stadium's history (including football), saw the homestanding Wolverines win 5\u20130. Guinness World Records, using a count of ticketed fans who actually entered the stadium instead of UM's figure of tickets sold, announced a final figure of 104,173.", "paragraph_answer": "A record was set on December 11, 2010, when <hl> the University of Michigan <hl>'s men's ice hockey team faced cross-state rival Michigan State in an event billed as \"The Big Chill at the Big House.\" The game was played at Michigan's (American) football venue, Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor, with a capacity of 109,901 as of the 2010 football season. When UM stopped sales to the public on May 6, 2010, with plans to reserve remaining tickets for students, over 100,000 tickets had been sold for the event. Ultimately, a crowd announced by UM as 113,411, the largest in the stadium's history (including football), saw the homestanding Wolverines win 5\u20130. Guinness World Records, using a count of ticketed fans who actually entered the stadium instead of UM's figure of tickets sold, announced a final figure of 104,173.", "sentence_answer": "A record was set on December 11, 2010, when <hl> the University of Michigan <hl> 's men's ice hockey team faced cross-state rival Michigan State in an event billed as \"The Big Chill at the Big House.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66226c2b22cd4dfcfbd9bb"}
{"question": "Why were these books translated into an unused language?", "paragraph": "Latin translations of modern literature such as The Hobbit, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, The Adventures of Tintin, Asterix, Harry Potter, Walter the Farting Dog, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, \"fabulae mirabiles,\" are intended to garner popular interest in the language. Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissner's Latin Phrasebook.", "answer": "to garner popular interest", "sentence": "The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, \"fabulae mirabiles,\" are intended to garner popular interest in the language.", "paragraph_sentence": "Latin translations of modern literature such as The Hobbit, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, The Adventures of Tintin, Asterix, Harry Potter, Walter the Farting Dog, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, <hl> The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, \"fabulae mirabiles,\" are intended to garner popular interest in the language. <hl> Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissner's Latin Phrasebook.", "paragraph_answer": "Latin translations of modern literature such as The Hobbit, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, Paddington Bear, Winnie the Pooh, The Adventures of Tintin, Asterix, Harry Potter, Walter the Farting Dog, Le Petit Prince, Max und Moritz, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, \"fabulae mirabiles,\" are intended <hl> to garner popular interest <hl> in the language. Additional resources include phrasebooks and resources for rendering everyday phrases and concepts into Latin, such as Meissner's Latin Phrasebook.", "sentence_answer": "The Cat in the Hat, and a book of fairy tales, \"fabulae mirabiles,\" are intended <hl> to garner popular interest <hl> in the language.", "paragraph_id": "5d66235a2b22cd4dfcfbd9d2"}
{"question": "lipoproteins containing fatty acids are secreted from what organ?", "paragraph": "In animals, when there is an oversupply of dietary carbohydrate, the excess carbohydrate is converted to triglycerides. This involves the synthesis of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and the esterification of fatty acids in the production of triglycerides, a process called lipogenesis. Fatty acids are made by fatty acid synthases that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units. The acyl chains in the fatty acids are extended by a cycle of reactions that add the acetyl group, reduce it to an alcohol, dehydrate it to an alkene group and then reduce it again to an alkane group. The enzymes of fatty acid biosynthesis are divided into two groups, in animals and fungi all these fatty acid synthase reactions are carried out by a single multifunctional protein, while in plant plastids and bacteria separate enzymes perform each step in the pathway. The fatty acids may be subsequently converted to triglycerides that are packaged in lipoproteins and secreted from the liver.", "answer": "liver", "sentence": "The fatty acids may be subsequently converted to triglycerides that are packaged in lipoproteins and secreted from the liver .", "paragraph_sentence": "In animals, when there is an oversupply of dietary carbohydrate, the excess carbohydrate is converted to triglycerides. This involves the synthesis of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and the esterification of fatty acids in the production of triglycerides, a process called lipogenesis. Fatty acids are made by fatty acid synthases that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units. The acyl chains in the fatty acids are extended by a cycle of reactions that add the acetyl group, reduce it to an alcohol, dehydrate it to an alkene group and then reduce it again to an alkane group. The enzymes of fatty acid biosynthesis are divided into two groups, in animals and fungi all these fatty acid synthase reactions are carried out by a single multifunctional protein, while in plant plastids and bacteria separate enzymes perform each step in the pathway. <hl> The fatty acids may be subsequently converted to triglycerides that are packaged in lipoproteins and secreted from the liver . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In animals, when there is an oversupply of dietary carbohydrate, the excess carbohydrate is converted to triglycerides. This involves the synthesis of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and the esterification of fatty acids in the production of triglycerides, a process called lipogenesis. Fatty acids are made by fatty acid synthases that polymerize and then reduce acetyl-CoA units. The acyl chains in the fatty acids are extended by a cycle of reactions that add the acetyl group, reduce it to an alcohol, dehydrate it to an alkene group and then reduce it again to an alkane group. The enzymes of fatty acid biosynthesis are divided into two groups, in animals and fungi all these fatty acid synthase reactions are carried out by a single multifunctional protein, while in plant plastids and bacteria separate enzymes perform each step in the pathway. The fatty acids may be subsequently converted to triglycerides that are packaged in lipoproteins and secreted from the <hl> liver <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The fatty acids may be subsequently converted to triglycerides that are packaged in lipoproteins and secreted from the <hl> liver <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67f8da2b22cd4dfcfc049c"}
{"question": "The Senator of which state change political partied due to conflict with President Bush?", "paragraph": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "answer": "Jim Jeffords", "sentence": "In Vermont, Jim Jeffords , a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership.", "paragraph_sentence": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. <hl> In Vermont, Jim Jeffords , a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. <hl> In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "paragraph_answer": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, <hl> Jim Jeffords <hl>, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "sentence_answer": "In Vermont, <hl> Jim Jeffords <hl> , a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership.", "paragraph_id": "5d6753a92b22cd4dfcfbf71e"}
{"question": "What year was the the high rise White House office building in Dutch Witte Huis completed?", "paragraph": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.\nIn the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nDuring the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "answer": "1898", "sentence": "In 1898 , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1898 , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1898 <hl>, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1898 <hl> , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.", "paragraph_id": "5d672ae02b22cd4dfcfbf168"}
{"question": "What district in Istanbul was the first to be reformed?", "paragraph": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "answer": "Beyo\u011flu", "sentence": "Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood.", "paragraph_sentence": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. <hl> Beyo\u011flu was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. <hl> Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "paragraph_answer": "The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Following the model of French cities, this religious system was replaced by a mayor and a citywide council composed of representatives of the confessional groups (millet) across Istanbul. <hl> Beyo\u011flu <hl> was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. Laws enacted after the Ottoman constitution of 1876 aimed to expand this structure across the city, imitating the twenty arrondissements of Paris, but they were not fully implemented until 1908, when Istanbul was declared a province with nine constituent districts. This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Beyo\u011flu <hl> was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b88a2b22cd4dfcfbe456"}
{"question": "Who was the strongest economic force in Northern Europe between the 13th and 17 centuries?", "paragraph": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League, a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\"Lordship over the Baltic Sea\"). Eventually, it was Sweden that virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea. In Sweden the sea was then referred to as Mare Nostrum Balticum (\"Our Baltic Sea\"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea (Ett Svenskt innanhav). Something that was accomplishes except the rout between Riga in Latvia and Szczecin in Poland.", "answer": "Hanseatic League", "sentence": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League , a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the Hanseatic League , a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. <hl> In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\"Lordship over the Baltic Sea\"). Eventually, it was Sweden that virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea. In Sweden the sea was then referred to as Mare Nostrum Balticum (\"Our Baltic Sea\"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea (Ett Svenskt innanhav). Something that was accomplishes except the rout between Riga in Latvia and Szczecin in Poland.", "paragraph_answer": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the <hl> Hanseatic League <hl>, a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden fought wars for Dominium maris baltici (\"Lordship over the Baltic Sea\"). Eventually, it was Sweden that virtually encompassed the Baltic Sea. In Sweden the sea was then referred to as Mare Nostrum Balticum (\"Our Baltic Sea\"). The goal of Swedish warfare during the 17th century was to make the Baltic Sea an all-Swedish sea (Ett Svenskt innanhav). Something that was accomplishes except the rout between Riga in Latvia and Szczecin in Poland.", "sentence_answer": "In the 13th to 17th centuries, the strongest economic force in Northern Europe was the <hl> Hanseatic League <hl> , a federation of merchant cities around the Baltic Sea and the North Sea.", "paragraph_id": "5d665f202b22cd4dfcfbdcd2"}
{"question": "How much more does The Sunday Times sell than The Times?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "answer": "more than twice as many copies", "sentence": "It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. <hl> It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells <hl> more than twice as many copies <hl> as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "It sells <hl> more than twice as many copies <hl> as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d6829382b22cd4dfcfc0613"}
{"question": "What does a magnifying glass create?", "paragraph": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "answer": "virtual image behind the magnifying glass", "sentence": "The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass , but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. <hl> The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) virtual image behind the magnifying glass , but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In some cases S2 is negative, indicating that the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens from where those rays are being considered. Since the diverging light rays emanating from the lens never come into focus, and those rays are not physically present at the point where they appear to form an image, this is called a virtual image. Unlike real images, a virtual image cannot be projected on a screen, but appears to an observer looking through the lens as if it were a real object at the location of that virtual image. Likewise, it appears to a subsequent lens as if it were an object at that location, so that second lens could again focus that light into a real image, S1 then being measured from the virtual image location behind the first lens to the second lens. This is exactly what the eye does when looking through a magnifying glass. The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) <hl> virtual image behind the magnifying glass <hl>, but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "sentence_answer": "The magnifying glass creates a (magnified) <hl> virtual image behind the magnifying glass <hl> , but those rays are then re-imaged by the lens of the eye to create a real image on the retina.", "paragraph_id": "5d678dbe2b22cd4dfcfbfe71"}
{"question": "What publication medium has no search tools?", "paragraph": "In addition to expansion at first use, some publications also have a key listing all acronyms used therein and what their expansions are. This is a convenience to readers for two reasons. The first is that if they are not reading the entire publication sequentially (which is a common mode of reading), then they may encounter an acronym without having seen its expansion. Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. (This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.) The second reason for the key feature is its pedagogical value in educational works such as textbooks. It gives students a way to review the meanings of the acronyms introduced in a chapter after they have done the line-by-line reading, and also a way to quiz themselves on the meanings (by covering up the expansion column and recalling the expansions from memory, then checking their answers by uncovering.) In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions (redundant to such readers).", "answer": "print", "sentence": "(This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.)", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to expansion at first use, some publications also have a key listing all acronyms used therein and what their expansions are. This is a convenience to readers for two reasons. The first is that if they are not reading the entire publication sequentially (which is a common mode of reading), then they may encounter an acronym without having seen its expansion. Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. <hl> (This is especially important in the print medium, where no search utility is available.) <hl> The second reason for the key feature is its pedagogical value in educational works such as textbooks. It gives students a way to review the meanings of the acronyms introduced in a chapter after they have done the line-by-line reading, and also a way to quiz themselves on the meanings (by covering up the expansion column and recalling the expansions from memory, then checking their answers by uncovering.) In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions (redundant to such readers).", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to expansion at first use, some publications also have a key listing all acronyms used therein and what their expansions are. This is a convenience to readers for two reasons. The first is that if they are not reading the entire publication sequentially (which is a common mode of reading), then they may encounter an acronym without having seen its expansion. Having a key at the start or end of the publication obviates skimming over the text searching for an earlier use to find the expansion. (This is especially important in the <hl> print <hl> medium, where no search utility is available.) The second reason for the key feature is its pedagogical value in educational works such as textbooks. It gives students a way to review the meanings of the acronyms introduced in a chapter after they have done the line-by-line reading, and also a way to quiz themselves on the meanings (by covering up the expansion column and recalling the expansions from memory, then checking their answers by uncovering.) In addition, this feature enables readers possessing knowledge of the abbreviations not to have to encounter expansions (redundant to such readers).", "sentence_answer": "(This is especially important in the <hl> print <hl> medium, where no search utility is available.)", "paragraph_id": "5d657bf82b22cd4dfcfbc981"}
{"question": "How many last names are used in Spanish and Portuguese speaking countries?", "paragraph": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.", "answer": "two or more", "sentence": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. <hl> In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.", "paragraph_answer": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, <hl> two or more <hl> last names (or surnames) may be used. In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.", "sentence_answer": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, <hl> two or more <hl> last names (or surnames) may be used.", "paragraph_id": "5d67edaf2b22cd4dfcfc040c"}
{"question": "Which mall was given awards in 1995 and 1996?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. Galleria Atak\u00f6y ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. Akmerkez was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. \u0130stinye Park in \u0130stinye and Zorlu Center near Levent are among the newest malls which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "answer": "Akmerkez", "sentence": "Akmerkez was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. Galleria Atak\u00f6y ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. <hl> Akmerkez was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. <hl> \u0130stinye Park in \u0130stinye and Zorlu Center near Levent are among the newest malls which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. Galleria Atak\u00f6y ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. <hl> Akmerkez <hl> was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. \u0130stinye Park in \u0130stinye and Zorlu Center near Levent are among the newest malls which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Akmerkez <hl> was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9a42b22cd4dfcfbd24c"}
{"question": "In modern times, has the clearing of forests accelerated or decelerated?", "paragraph": "About 30,000 species of vascular plants live in the Andes, with roughly half being endemic to the region, surpassing the diversity of any other hotspot. The small tree Cinchona pubescens, a source of quinine which is used to treat malaria, is found widely in the Andes as far south as Bolivia. Other important crops that originated from the Andes are tobacco and potatoes. The high-altitude Polylepis forests and woodlands are found in the Andean areas of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. These trees, by locals referred to as Que\u00f1ua, Yagual and other names, can be found at altitudes of 4,500 m (14,760 ft) above sea level. It remains unclear if the patchy distribution of these forests and woodlands is natural, or the result of clearing which began during the Incan period. Regardless, in modern times the clearance has accelerated, and the trees are now considered to be highly endangered, with some believing that as little as 10% of the original woodland remains.", "answer": "accelerated", "sentence": "Regardless, in modern times the clearance has accelerated , and the trees are now considered to be highly endangered, with some believing that as little as 10% of the original woodland remains.", "paragraph_sentence": "About 30,000 species of vascular plants live in the Andes, with roughly half being endemic to the region, surpassing the diversity of any other hotspot. The small tree Cinchona pubescens, a source of quinine which is used to treat malaria, is found widely in the Andes as far south as Bolivia. Other important crops that originated from the Andes are tobacco and potatoes. The high-altitude Polylepis forests and woodlands are found in the Andean areas of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. These trees, by locals referred to as Que\u00f1ua, Yagual and other names, can be found at altitudes of 4,500 m (14,760 ft) above sea level. It remains unclear if the patchy distribution of these forests and woodlands is natural, or the result of clearing which began during the Incan period. <hl> Regardless, in modern times the clearance has accelerated , and the trees are now considered to be highly endangered, with some believing that as little as 10% of the original woodland remains. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "About 30,000 species of vascular plants live in the Andes, with roughly half being endemic to the region, surpassing the diversity of any other hotspot. The small tree Cinchona pubescens, a source of quinine which is used to treat malaria, is found widely in the Andes as far south as Bolivia. Other important crops that originated from the Andes are tobacco and potatoes. The high-altitude Polylepis forests and woodlands are found in the Andean areas of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. These trees, by locals referred to as Que\u00f1ua, Yagual and other names, can be found at altitudes of 4,500 m (14,760 ft) above sea level. It remains unclear if the patchy distribution of these forests and woodlands is natural, or the result of clearing which began during the Incan period. Regardless, in modern times the clearance has <hl> accelerated <hl>, and the trees are now considered to be highly endangered, with some believing that as little as 10% of the original woodland remains.", "sentence_answer": "Regardless, in modern times the clearance has <hl> accelerated <hl> , and the trees are now considered to be highly endangered, with some believing that as little as 10% of the original woodland remains.", "paragraph_id": "5d6585662b22cd4dfcfbc9ec"}
{"question": "What exhibition is currently home to the flag?", "paragraph": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "answer": "The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem", "sentence": "The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \" The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem \" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. <hl> The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \" The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem \" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"<hl> The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem <hl>\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "sentence_answer": "The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \" <hl> The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem <hl> \" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "paragraph_id": "5d66677f2b22cd4dfcfbde17"}
{"question": "Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery are equal to what degree in North America?", "paragraph": "The entry-level first professional degree in these countries for the practice of medicine is that of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS, MB, MB BCh BAO, BMBS, MBBChir, or MBChB). This degree typically requires between four and six years of study and clinical training, and is equivalent to the North American MD degree. Due to the UK code for higher education, first degrees in medicine comprise an integrated programme of study and professional practice spanning several levels. These degrees may retain, for historical reasons, \"Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery\" and are abbreviated to MBChB or MBBS.", "answer": "MD", "sentence": "This degree typically requires between four and six years of study and clinical training, and is equivalent to the North American MD degree.", "paragraph_sentence": "The entry-level first professional degree in these countries for the practice of medicine is that of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS, MB, MB BCh BAO, BMBS, MBBChir, or MBChB). <hl> This degree typically requires between four and six years of study and clinical training, and is equivalent to the North American MD degree. <hl> Due to the UK code for higher education, first degrees in medicine comprise an integrated programme of study and professional practice spanning several levels. These degrees may retain, for historical reasons, \"Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery\" and are abbreviated to MBChB or MBBS.", "paragraph_answer": "The entry-level first professional degree in these countries for the practice of medicine is that of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS, MB, MB BCh BAO, BMBS, MBBChir, or MBChB). This degree typically requires between four and six years of study and clinical training, and is equivalent to the North American <hl> MD <hl> degree. Due to the UK code for higher education, first degrees in medicine comprise an integrated programme of study and professional practice spanning several levels. These degrees may retain, for historical reasons, \"Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery\" and are abbreviated to MBChB or MBBS.", "sentence_answer": "This degree typically requires between four and six years of study and clinical training, and is equivalent to the North American <hl> MD <hl> degree.", "paragraph_id": "5d661ea72b22cd4dfcfbd952"}
{"question": "France gave of up which region of North American?", "paragraph": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year). Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including Quebec, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley. Britain also gained Spanish Florida, from which it formed the colonies of East and West Florida. In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection.", "answer": "eastern part", "sentence": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the eastern part of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year). <hl> Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including Quebec, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley. Britain also gained Spanish Florida, from which it formed the colonies of East and West Florida. In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the <hl> eastern part <hl> of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year). Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. Following the war, Britain gained all French territory east of the Mississippi River, including Quebec, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River valley. Britain also gained Spanish Florida, from which it formed the colonies of East and West Florida. In removing a major foreign threat to the thirteen colonies, the war also largely removed the colonists' need of colonial protection.", "sentence_answer": "In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France formally ceded the <hl> eastern part <hl> of its vast North American empire to Britain (having secretly given the territory of Louisiana west of the Mississippi River to Spain the previous year).", "paragraph_id": "5d662a6c2b22cd4dfcfbda67"}
{"question": "What might a subroutine construct?", "paragraph": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions, and trace its path to these points on screen. There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed). If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "answer": "an object that will accept directions", "sentence": "As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions , and trace its path to these points on screen.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As another example, a subroutine might construct an object that will accept directions , and trace its path to these points on screen. <hl> There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed). If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "paragraph_answer": "As another example, a subroutine might construct <hl> an object that will accept directions <hl>, and trace its path to these points on screen. There are a plethora of parameters that could be passed in to the constructor (colour of the trace, starting x and y co-ordinates, trace speed). If the programmer wanted the constructor to be able to accept only the color parameter, then he could call another constructor that accepts only color, which in turn calls the constructor with all the parameters passing in a set of default values for all the other parameters (X and Y would generally be centered on screen or placed at the origin, and the speed would be set to another value of the coder's choosing).", "sentence_answer": "As another example, a subroutine might construct <hl> an object that will accept directions <hl> , and trace its path to these points on screen.", "paragraph_id": "5d67df362b22cd4dfcfc035c"}
{"question": "Which two states came to be almost completely dependent on tobacco?", "paragraph": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "answer": "Virginia and Maryland", "sentence": "Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. <hl> Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. <hl> Virginia and Maryland <hl> came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Virginia and Maryland <hl> came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607e52b22cd4dfcfbd637"}
{"question": "How can two sentences be denoted in propositional logic?", "paragraph": "A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either True or False. Consider the two sentences \"Socrates is a philosopher\" and \"Plato is a philosopher\". In propositional logic, these sentences are viewed as being unrelated and might be denoted, for example, by variables such as p and q. The predicate \"is a philosopher\" occurs in both sentences, which have a common structure of \"a is a philosopher\". The variable a is instantiated as \"Socrates\" in the first sentence and is instantiated as \"Plato\" in the second sentence. The use of predicates, such as \"is a philosopher\" in this example, distinguishes first-order logic from propositional logic.[clarification needed]", "answer": "by variables such as p and q", "sentence": "In propositional logic, these sentences are viewed as being unrelated and might be denoted, for example, by variables such as p and q .", "paragraph_sentence": "A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either True or False. Consider the two sentences \"Socrates is a philosopher\" and \"Plato is a philosopher\". <hl> In propositional logic, these sentences are viewed as being unrelated and might be denoted, for example, by variables such as p and q . <hl> The predicate \"is a philosopher\" occurs in both sentences, which have a common structure of \"a is a philosopher\". The variable a is instantiated as \"Socrates\" in the first sentence and is instantiated as \"Plato\" in the second sentence. The use of predicates, such as \"is a philosopher\" in this example, distinguishes first-order logic from propositional logic.[clarification needed]", "paragraph_answer": "A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either True or False. Consider the two sentences \"Socrates is a philosopher\" and \"Plato is a philosopher\". In propositional logic, these sentences are viewed as being unrelated and might be denoted, for example, <hl> by variables such as p and q <hl>. The predicate \"is a philosopher\" occurs in both sentences, which have a common structure of \"a is a philosopher\". The variable a is instantiated as \"Socrates\" in the first sentence and is instantiated as \"Plato\" in the second sentence. The use of predicates, such as \"is a philosopher\" in this example, distinguishes first-order logic from propositional logic.[clarification needed]", "sentence_answer": "In propositional logic, these sentences are viewed as being unrelated and might be denoted, for example, <hl> by variables such as p and q <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66b5d22b22cd4dfcfbe42d"}
{"question": "What is increasing the use of tin?", "paragraph": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "answer": "recycling of scrap", "sentence": "The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly.", "paragraph_sentence": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. <hl> The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. <hl> Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "paragraph_answer": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or <hl> recycling of scrap <hl> tin, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "sentence_answer": "The recovery of tin through secondary production, or <hl> recycling of scrap <hl> tin, is increasing rapidly.", "paragraph_id": "5d677c152b22cd4dfcfbfd37"}
{"question": "What type of music spawns from the ragga inspired jungle music of the 1990s?", "paragraph": "Born around the same time as jungle, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. German Drum and Bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading Digital Hardcore artists. Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore, a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep. There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries.", "answer": "Raggacore", "sentence": "Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass).", "paragraph_sentence": "Born around the same time as jungle, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. German Drum and Bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading Digital Hardcore artists. <hl> Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). <hl> Darkcore, a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep. There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries.", "paragraph_answer": "Born around the same time as jungle, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. German Drum and Bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading Digital Hardcore artists. <hl> Raggacore <hl> resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore, a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep. There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Raggacore <hl> resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass).", "paragraph_id": "5d6602a42b22cd4dfcfbd583"}
{"question": "What kind of group were Yankees?", "paragraph": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "answer": "social", "sentence": "Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social , religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part.", "paragraph_sentence": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. <hl> Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social , religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. <hl> Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_answer": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, <hl> social <hl>, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, <hl> social <hl> , religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part.", "paragraph_id": "5d66875a2b22cd4dfcfbe1e7"}
{"question": "What are lenses classified by?", "paragraph": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "answer": "the curvature of the two optical surfaces", "sentence": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces . <hl> A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "paragraph_answer": "Lenses are classified by <hl> the curvature of the two optical surfaces <hl>. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "sentence_answer": "Lenses are classified by <hl> the curvature of the two optical surfaces <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6786f82b22cd4dfcfbfe00"}
{"question": "What were the initial significant improvements made after 1866 to the Saxophone?", "paragraph": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "answer": "extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range", "sentence": "The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. <hl> The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. <hl> It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "paragraph_answer": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who <hl> extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range <hl> downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "sentence_answer": "The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who <hl> extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range <hl> downwards by one semitone to B\u266d.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750ac2b22cd4dfcfbf694"}
{"question": "Is an echocardiography necessary?", "paragraph": "Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms.", "answer": "not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms", "sentence": "Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is <hl> not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is <hl> not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6611c52b22cd4dfcfbd7a2"}
{"question": "How many times must the function f be called in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1)?", "paragraph": "There are some seemingly obvious optimizations of procedure calls that cannot be applied if the procedures may have side effects. For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f must be called twice, because the two calls may return different results. Moreover, the value of x must be fetched again before the second call, since the first call may have changed it. Determining whether a subprogram may have a side effect is very difficult (indeed, undecidable).[citation needed] So, while those optimizations are safe in purely functional programming languages, compilers of typical imperative programming usually have to assume the worst.", "answer": "twice", "sentence": "For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f must be called twice , because the two calls may return different results.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are some seemingly obvious optimizations of procedure calls that cannot be applied if the procedures may have side effects. <hl> For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f must be called twice , because the two calls may return different results. <hl> Moreover, the value of x must be fetched again before the second call, since the first call may have changed it. Determining whether a subprogram may have a side effect is very difficult (indeed, undecidable).[citation needed] So, while those optimizations are safe in purely functional programming languages, compilers of typical imperative programming usually have to assume the worst.", "paragraph_answer": "There are some seemingly obvious optimizations of procedure calls that cannot be applied if the procedures may have side effects. For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f must be called <hl> twice <hl>, because the two calls may return different results. Moreover, the value of x must be fetched again before the second call, since the first call may have changed it. Determining whether a subprogram may have a side effect is very difficult (indeed, undecidable).[citation needed] So, while those optimizations are safe in purely functional programming languages, compilers of typical imperative programming usually have to assume the worst.", "sentence_answer": "For example, in the expression (f(x)-1)/(f(x)+1), the function f must be called <hl> twice <hl> , because the two calls may return different results.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e2342b22cd4dfcfc0387"}
{"question": "What governmental position did Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. achieve in 1990?", "paragraph": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. He served 1953\u201363.", "answer": "governor", "sentence": "He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle.", "paragraph_sentence": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. <hl> He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for governor in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. <hl> Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. He served 1953\u201363.", "paragraph_answer": "Joe Lieberman's predecessor, Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., was the last Connecticut Republican to serve as Senator. Weicker was known as a liberal Republican. He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for <hl> governor <hl> in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle. Before Weicker, the last Republican to represent Connecticut in the Senate was Prescott Bush, the father of former President George H.W. Bush and the grandfather of former President George W. Bush. He served 1953\u201363.", "sentence_answer": "He broke with President Richard Nixon during Watergate and successfully ran for <hl> governor <hl> in 1990 as an independent, creating A Connecticut Party as his election vehicle.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f58c2b22cd4dfcfbd415"}
{"question": "What vitamins are considered antioxidants?", "paragraph": "While a healthy diet is beneficial, in general the effect of antioxidant supplementation (vitamin E, vitamin C, etc.) or vitamins has not been shown to protection against cardiovascular disease and in some cases may possibly result in harm. Mineral supplements have also not been found to be useful. Niacin, a type of vitamin B3, may be an exception with a modest decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events in those at high risk. Magnesium supplementation lowers high blood pressure in a dose dependent manner. Magnesium therapy is recommended for patients with ventricular arrhythmia associated with torsades de pointes who present with long QT syndrome as well as for the treatment of patients with digoxin intoxication-induced arrhythmias. Evidence to support omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is lacking.", "answer": "vitamin E, vitamin C", "sentence": "While a healthy diet is beneficial, in general the effect of antioxidant supplementation ( vitamin E, vitamin C , etc.)", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> While a healthy diet is beneficial, in general the effect of antioxidant supplementation ( vitamin E, vitamin C , etc.) <hl> or vitamins has not been shown to protection against cardiovascular disease and in some cases may possibly result in harm. Mineral supplements have also not been found to be useful. Niacin, a type of vitamin B3, may be an exception with a modest decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events in those at high risk. Magnesium supplementation lowers high blood pressure in a dose dependent manner. Magnesium therapy is recommended for patients with ventricular arrhythmia associated with torsades de pointes who present with long QT syndrome as well as for the treatment of patients with digoxin intoxication-induced arrhythmias. Evidence to support omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is lacking.", "paragraph_answer": "While a healthy diet is beneficial, in general the effect of antioxidant supplementation (<hl> vitamin E, vitamin C <hl>, etc.) or vitamins has not been shown to protection against cardiovascular disease and in some cases may possibly result in harm. Mineral supplements have also not been found to be useful. Niacin, a type of vitamin B3, may be an exception with a modest decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events in those at high risk. Magnesium supplementation lowers high blood pressure in a dose dependent manner. Magnesium therapy is recommended for patients with ventricular arrhythmia associated with torsades de pointes who present with long QT syndrome as well as for the treatment of patients with digoxin intoxication-induced arrhythmias. Evidence to support omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is lacking.", "sentence_answer": "While a healthy diet is beneficial, in general the effect of antioxidant supplementation ( <hl> vitamin E, vitamin C <hl> , etc.)", "paragraph_id": "5d66813e2b22cd4dfcfbe106"}
{"question": "What state beginning with the letter \"A\" does not use counties?", "paragraph": "The states are divided into smaller administrative regions, called counties in all but two states. The exceptions are Alaska where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes). Counties exist to provide general local support of state government activities, such as collection of property tax revenues (counties almost never have their own power to tax), but without providing most of the services one associates with municipalities. Counties have varying degrees of political and legal significance. In some states, mainly in New England, they are primarily used as judicial districts. In other states, counties have broad powers in housing, education, transportation and recreation.", "answer": "Alaska", "sentence": "The exceptions are Alaska where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes).", "paragraph_sentence": "The states are divided into smaller administrative regions, called counties in all but two states. <hl> The exceptions are Alaska where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes). <hl> Counties exist to provide general local support of state government activities, such as collection of property tax revenues (counties almost never have their own power to tax), but without providing most of the services one associates with municipalities. Counties have varying degrees of political and legal significance. In some states, mainly in New England, they are primarily used as judicial districts. In other states, counties have broad powers in housing, education, transportation and recreation.", "paragraph_answer": "The states are divided into smaller administrative regions, called counties in all but two states. The exceptions are <hl> Alaska <hl> where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes). Counties exist to provide general local support of state government activities, such as collection of property tax revenues (counties almost never have their own power to tax), but without providing most of the services one associates with municipalities. Counties have varying degrees of political and legal significance. In some states, mainly in New England, they are primarily used as judicial districts. In other states, counties have broad powers in housing, education, transportation and recreation.", "sentence_answer": "The exceptions are <hl> Alaska <hl> where main subdivisions is the boroughs (parts of the state are not included in any borough, called the Unorganized Borough, is divided into \"census areas\"), and Louisiana (which is divided into county-equivalents that are called parishes).", "paragraph_id": "5d66fb802b22cd4dfcfbe8e0"}
{"question": "What professional club as won 14 national titles since the introduction of football in the Netherlands?", "paragraph": "Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "answer": "Feyenoord", "sentence": "Feyenoord , founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Feyenoord , founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. <hl> It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Feyenoord <hl>, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Feyenoord <hl> , founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_id": "5d672cfd2b22cd4dfcfbf1af"}
{"question": "What types of people came from Britain to the US and Canada?", "paragraph": "British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. In 1825, John Franklin wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. Captain R.G.A. Levinge, a British Army officer in New Brunswick during Campbell's time, wrote about \"hockey on ice\" on Chippewa Creek (a tributary of the Niagara River) in 1839. In 1843 another British Army officer in Kingston, Ontario wrote, \"Began to skate this year, improved quickly and had great fun at hockey on the ice.\" An 1859 Boston Evening Gazette article referred to an early game of hockey on ice in Halifax that year. An 1835 painting by John O'Toole depicts skaters with sticks and bung on a frozen stream in the American state of West Virginia.", "answer": "soldiers and immigrants", "sentence": "British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> British soldiers and immigrants to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. <hl> In 1825, John Franklin wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. Captain R.G.A. Levinge, a British Army officer in New Brunswick during Campbell's time, wrote about \"hockey on ice\" on Chippewa Creek (a tributary of the Niagara River) in 1839. In 1843 another British Army officer in Kingston, Ontario wrote, \"Began to skate this year, improved quickly and had great fun at hockey on the ice.\" An 1859 Boston Evening Gazette article referred to an early game of hockey on ice in Halifax that year. An 1835 painting by John O'Toole depicts skaters with sticks and bung on a frozen stream in the American state of West Virginia.", "paragraph_answer": "British <hl> soldiers and immigrants <hl> to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter. In 1825, John Franklin wrote \"The game of hockey played on the ice was the morning sport\" on Great Bear Lake during one of his Arctic expeditions. A mid-1830s watercolour portrays New Brunswick lieutenant governor Archibald Campbell and his family with British soldiers on skates playing a stick-on-ice sport. Captain R.G.A. Levinge, a British Army officer in New Brunswick during Campbell's time, wrote about \"hockey on ice\" on Chippewa Creek (a tributary of the Niagara River) in 1839. In 1843 another British Army officer in Kingston, Ontario wrote, \"Began to skate this year, improved quickly and had great fun at hockey on the ice.\" An 1859 Boston Evening Gazette article referred to an early game of hockey on ice in Halifax that year. An 1835 painting by John O'Toole depicts skaters with sticks and bung on a frozen stream in the American state of West Virginia.", "sentence_answer": "British <hl> soldiers and immigrants <hl> to Canada and the United States brought their stick-and-ball games with them and played them on the ice and snow of winter.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de5e2b22cd4dfcfbcff5"}
{"question": "What two things were changed in the new Language Control Panel?", "paragraph": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "answer": "interface and input languages", "sentence": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. <hl> The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the <hl> interface and input languages <hl> can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "sentence_answer": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the <hl> interface and input languages <hl> can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a89e2b22cd4dfcfbff4f"}
{"question": "When did the news go out that gold was found from the American River?", "paragraph": "The California Gold Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma, in the western foothills of the Sierra. On January 24, 1848 James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill Marshall was building for Sutter on the American River. Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold, shouting \"Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!\"", "answer": "March 1848", "sentence": "Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan.", "paragraph_sentence": "The California Gold Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma, in the western foothills of the Sierra. On January 24, 1848 James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill Marshall was building for Sutter on the American River. <hl> Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. <hl> Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold, shouting \"Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!\"", "paragraph_answer": "The California Gold Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma, in the western foothills of the Sierra. On January 24, 1848 James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill Marshall was building for Sutter on the American River. Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in <hl> March 1848 <hl> by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold, shouting \"Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!\"", "sentence_answer": "Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in <hl> March 1848 <hl> by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan.", "paragraph_id": "5d67084b2b22cd4dfcfbeb68"}
{"question": "What are the three categories of precipitation?", "paragraph": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall.  Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation.  Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice.  Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously.  Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle.  Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\".  Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "answer": "liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice", "sentence": " Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice .", "paragraph_sentence": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. <hl> Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice . <hl> Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "paragraph_answer": "Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective, stratiform, and orographic rainfall. Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as <hl> liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice <hl>. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include rain and drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called \"freezing rain\" or \"freezing drizzle\". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets, hail, and graupel.", "sentence_answer": " Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as <hl> liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67745b2b22cd4dfcfbfc6f"}
{"question": "Which position does Pitt hold in the Newsweek Top 100 Global Universities list?", "paragraph": "In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt 37th in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\" Pitt ranked 70th worldwide (and 41st in the U.S.) in the 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities. Pitt ranked 133rd globally in the 2015/16 QS World University Rankings.  Pitt ranks 24th of all universities in the world for the impact and performance of its scientific public publications according to the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities produced by the Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT). Pitt ranks as the 26th best higher education research institution worldwide according to SCImago Institutions Rankings' 2009 World Report. Other world rankings include 29th in the world in the latest ranking by the Research Center for Chinese Science Evaluation at Wuhan University, 37th in the world in the latest Webometrics rankings, and 42nd in the world according to both the 2006 G-Factor International University Ranking as well as the Russian-based 2009 Global University Ranking.", "answer": "37th", "sentence": "In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt 37th in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt 37th in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\" <hl> Pitt ranked 70th worldwide (and 41st in the U.S.) in the 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities. Pitt ranked 133rd globally in the 2015/16 QS World University Rankings. Pitt ranks 24th of all universities in the world for the impact and performance of its scientific public publications according to the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities produced by the Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT). Pitt ranks as the 26th best higher education research institution worldwide according to SCImago Institutions Rankings' 2009 World Report. Other world rankings include 29th in the world in the latest ranking by the Research Center for Chinese Science Evaluation at Wuhan University, 37th in the world in the latest Webometrics rankings, and 42nd in the world according to both the 2006 G-Factor International University Ranking as well as the Russian-based 2009 Global University Ranking.", "paragraph_answer": "In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt <hl> 37th <hl> in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\" Pitt ranked 70th worldwide (and 41st in the U.S.) in the 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities. Pitt ranked 133rd globally in the 2015/16 QS World University Rankings. Pitt ranks 24th of all universities in the world for the impact and performance of its scientific public publications according to the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities produced by the Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT). Pitt ranks as the 26th best higher education research institution worldwide according to SCImago Institutions Rankings' 2009 World Report. Other world rankings include 29th in the world in the latest ranking by the Research Center for Chinese Science Evaluation at Wuhan University, 37th in the world in the latest Webometrics rankings, and 42nd in the world according to both the 2006 G-Factor International University Ranking as well as the Russian-based 2009 Global University Ranking.", "sentence_answer": "In worldwide evaluations of universities, Newsweek ranked Pitt <hl> 37th <hl> in its \"The Top 100 Global Universities.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d67ceb42b22cd4dfcfc0266"}
{"question": "What is included in moral philosophy?", "paragraph": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals. Different systems of expressing morality have been proposed, including deontological ethical systems which adhere to a set of established rules, and normative ethical systems which consider the merits of actions themselves. An example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that: \"One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself.\"", "answer": "moral ontology,", "sentence": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals. <hl> Different systems of expressing morality have been proposed, including deontological ethical systems which adhere to a set of established rules, and normative ethical systems which consider the merits of actions themselves. An example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that: \"One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Moral philosophy includes <hl> moral ontology, <hl> or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals. Different systems of expressing morality have been proposed, including deontological ethical systems which adhere to a set of established rules, and normative ethical systems which consider the merits of actions themselves. An example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that: \"One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself.\"", "sentence_answer": "Moral philosophy includes <hl> moral ontology, <hl> or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e41c2b22cd4dfcfc03ae"}
{"question": "When did the Helsinki Convention fully take effect?", "paragraph": "In the light of political changes and developments in international environmental and maritime law, a new convention was signed in 1992 by all the states bordering on the Baltic Sea, and the European Community. After ratification the Convention entered into force on 17 January 2000. The Convention covers the whole of the Baltic Sea area, including inland waters and the water of the sea itself, as well as the seabed. Measures are also taken in the whole catchment area of the Baltic Sea to reduce land-based pollution. The Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, 1992, entered into force on 17 January 2000.", "answer": "17 January 2000", "sentence": "After ratification the Convention entered into force on 17 January 2000 .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the light of political changes and developments in international environmental and maritime law, a new convention was signed in 1992 by all the states bordering on the Baltic Sea, and the European Community. <hl> After ratification the Convention entered into force on 17 January 2000 . <hl> The Convention covers the whole of the Baltic Sea area, including inland waters and the water of the sea itself, as well as the seabed. Measures are also taken in the whole catchment area of the Baltic Sea to reduce land-based pollution. The Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, 1992, entered into force on 17 January 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "In the light of political changes and developments in international environmental and maritime law, a new convention was signed in 1992 by all the states bordering on the Baltic Sea, and the European Community. After ratification the Convention entered into force on <hl> 17 January 2000 <hl>. The Convention covers the whole of the Baltic Sea area, including inland waters and the water of the sea itself, as well as the seabed. Measures are also taken in the whole catchment area of the Baltic Sea to reduce land-based pollution. The Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, 1992, entered into force on 17 January 2000.", "sentence_answer": "After ratification the Convention entered into force on <hl> 17 January 2000 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d1d42b22cd4dfcfbce06"}
{"question": "When was the 3rd Council of Dvin?", "paragraph": "Almost a century later (609\u2013610) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "answer": "609\u2013610", "sentence": "Almost a century later ( 609\u2013610 ) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Almost a century later ( 609\u2013610 ) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. <hl> The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "paragraph_answer": "Almost a century later (<hl> 609\u2013610 <hl>) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating. The Georgian Church disagreed with the Armenian Church having approved the christology of Chalcedon. This council was convened to clarify the relationship between the Armenian and Georgian churches. After the Council, Catholicos Abraham wrote an encyclical letter addressed to the people, blaming Kurion and his adherents for the schism. The Council never set up canons; it only deprived Georgians from taking Communion in the Armenian Church. Despite this, the Albanian Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Armenian Church while in communion with the Georgian Church.", "sentence_answer": "Almost a century later ( <hl> 609\u2013610 <hl> ) the 3rd Council of Dvin was convened during the reign of Catholicos Abraham I of Aghbatank and Prince Smbat Bagratuni, with clergymen and laymen participating.", "paragraph_id": "5d6577c42b22cd4dfcfbc92a"}
{"question": "What are basic terms for the two types of truss components?", "paragraph": "A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. struts and ties). Most trusses use gusset plates to connect intersecting elements.  Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections, thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "answer": "struts and ties", "sentence": "struts and ties ).", "paragraph_sentence": "A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. <hl> struts and ties ). <hl> Most trusses use gusset plates to connect intersecting elements. Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections, thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "paragraph_answer": "A truss is a structure comprising two types of structural elements; compression members and tension members (i.e. <hl> struts and ties <hl>). Most trusses use gusset plates to connect intersecting elements. Gusset plates are relatively flexible and minimize bending moments at the connections, thus allowing the truss members to carry primarily tension or compression.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> struts and ties <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d67524e2b22cd4dfcfbf6d2"}
{"question": "What kind of factions represented the opposition of the governer?", "paragraph": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly. There were often \"country\" and \"court\" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. Massachusetts, which from its 1691 charter had particularly low requirements for voting eligibility and strong rural representation in its assembly, also had a strong populist faction that represented the province's lower classes.", "answer": "\"country\" and \"court\"", "sentence": "There were often \"country\" and \"court\" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda.", "paragraph_sentence": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly. <hl> There were often \"country\" and \"court\" factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. <hl> Massachusetts, which from its 1691 charter had particularly low requirements for voting eligibility and strong rural representation in its assembly, also had a strong populist faction that represented the province's lower classes.", "paragraph_answer": "None of the colonies had stable political parties of the sort that formed in the 1790s, but each had shifting factions that vied for power, especially in the perennial battles between the appointed governor and the elected assembly. There were often <hl> \"country\" and \"court\" <hl> factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda. Massachusetts, which from its 1691 charter had particularly low requirements for voting eligibility and strong rural representation in its assembly, also had a strong populist faction that represented the province's lower classes.", "sentence_answer": "There were often <hl> \"country\" and \"court\" <hl> factions, representing those opposed to and in favor of, respectively, of the governor's actions and agenda.", "paragraph_id": "5d6687e62b22cd4dfcfbe1f6"}
{"question": "What languages might need to be installed manually in Windows XP?", "paragraph": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "answer": "East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic", "sentence": "Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic , may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel).", "paragraph_sentence": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. <hl> Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic , may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). <hl> Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "paragraph_answer": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for <hl> East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic <hl>, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "sentence_answer": "Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for <hl> East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic <hl> , may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel).", "paragraph_id": "5d6710292b22cd4dfcfbed06"}
{"question": "Which president added $100 billion to the deficit by reducing Social Security payroll tax?", "paragraph": "Removing the threat of higher taxes embodied in the fiscal cliff may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional workers. President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. The U.S. corporate tax rate is among the highest in the world, although U.S. corporations pay among the lowest amount relative to GDP due to loopholes. Reducing the rate and eliminating loopholes may make U.S. businesses more competitive, but may also add to the deficit. The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example.", "answer": "Obama", "sentence": "President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend.", "paragraph_sentence": "Removing the threat of higher taxes embodied in the fiscal cliff may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional workers. <hl> President Obama reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. <hl> The U.S. corporate tax rate is among the highest in the world, although U.S. corporations pay among the lowest amount relative to GDP due to loopholes. Reducing the rate and eliminating loopholes may make U.S. businesses more competitive, but may also add to the deficit. The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example.", "paragraph_answer": "Removing the threat of higher taxes embodied in the fiscal cliff may encourage consumers to spend and employers to expand their business and add jobs. The risk is higher national debt, which can slow the economy in the long-run. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 significantly reduced taxes relative to the full expiration of the Bush tax cuts. Lowering the costs of workers also encourages employers to hire more. This can be done via reducing existing Social Security or Medicare payroll taxes or by specific tax incentives for hiring additional workers. President <hl> Obama <hl> reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend. The U.S. corporate tax rate is among the highest in the world, although U.S. corporations pay among the lowest amount relative to GDP due to loopholes. Reducing the rate and eliminating loopholes may make U.S. businesses more competitive, but may also add to the deficit. The Tax Policy Center estimated during 2012 that reducing the corporate tax rate from 35% to 20% would add $1 trillion to the debt over a decade, for example.", "sentence_answer": "President <hl> Obama <hl> reduced the Social Security payroll tax on workers during the 2011-2012 period, which added an estimated $100 billion to the deficit while leaving these funds with consumers to spend.", "paragraph_id": "5d67adf22b22cd4dfcfbffa1"}
{"question": "How has Indianapolis criminalized aspects of homelessness?", "paragraph": "In Indianapolis, Indiana, as many as 2,200 people are homeless on any given night, and as many as 15,000 individuals over the course of a year. Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only faith-based shelters, such as the century-old Wheeler Mission. In 2001, Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. The plan's main goals are for more affordable housing units, employment opportunities, and support services. The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "answer": "making panhandling a misdemeanor", "sentence": "The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor ; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Indianapolis, Indiana, as many as 2,200 people are homeless on any given night, and as many as 15,000 individuals over the course of a year. Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only faith-based shelters, such as the century-old Wheeler Mission. In 2001, Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. The plan's main goals are for more affordable housing units, employment opportunities, and support services. <hl> The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as making panhandling a misdemeanor ; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Indianapolis, Indiana, as many as 2,200 people are homeless on any given night, and as many as 15,000 individuals over the course of a year. Indianapolis is notable among cities of similar size for having only faith-based shelters, such as the century-old Wheeler Mission. In 2001, Mayor Bart Peterson endorsed a 10-year plan, called the Blueprint to End Homelessness, and made it one of his administration's top priorities. The plan's main goals are for more affordable housing units, employment opportunities, and support services. The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as <hl> making panhandling a misdemeanor <hl>; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "sentence_answer": "The Blueprint notwithstanding, Indianapolis has criminalized aspects of homelessness, such as <hl> making panhandling a misdemeanor <hl> ; and the City-County Council has twice (in April 2002, and August 2005) denied the zoning necessary to open a new shelter for homeless women.", "paragraph_id": "5d665ea32b22cd4dfcfbdccb"}
{"question": "What is the altitude of the Manipur area?", "paragraph": "The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region. Lying 790 meters above sea level, Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly. The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F). In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F), bringing frost. Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July.", "answer": "790 meters above sea level", "sentence": "Lying 790 meters above sea level , Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides.", "paragraph_sentence": "The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region. <hl> Lying 790 meters above sea level , Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. <hl> This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly. The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F). In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F), bringing frost. Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July.", "paragraph_answer": "The climate of Manipur is largely influenced by the topography of this hilly region. Lying <hl> 790 meters above sea level <hl>, Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides. This northeastern corner of India enjoys a generally amiable climate, though the winters can be a chilly. The maximum temperature in the summer months is 32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F). In winter the temperature often falls below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F), bringing frost. Snow sometimes falls in hilly regions due to the Western Disturbance.[citation needed] The coldest month is January, and the warmest July.", "sentence_answer": "Lying <hl> 790 meters above sea level <hl> , Manipur is wedged among hills on all sides.", "paragraph_id": "5d670ee52b22cd4dfcfbecb6"}
{"question": "What happened to the new building after just four years?", "paragraph": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh. Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire. Due to the catastrophic nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the University time to regroup and rebuild. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond (now Forbes Avenue) streets (site of the present day City-County building) and classes resumed in 1855. It is during this era, in 1867, that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. Langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities and the university moved its campus to Allegheny City (present-day North Side).", "answer": "was destroyed by fire", "sentence": "Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire .", "paragraph_sentence": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh. Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). <hl> Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire . <hl> Due to the catastrophic nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the University time to regroup and rebuild. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond (now Forbes Avenue) streets (site of the present day City-County building) and classes resumed in 1855. It is during this era, in 1867, that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. Langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities and the university moved its campus to Allegheny City (present-day North Side).", "paragraph_answer": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh. Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). Only four years later, in 1849, this building also <hl> was destroyed by fire <hl>. Due to the catastrophic nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the University time to regroup and rebuild. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond (now Forbes Avenue) streets (site of the present day City-County building) and classes resumed in 1855. It is during this era, in 1867, that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. Langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities and the university moved its campus to Allegheny City (present-day North Side).", "sentence_answer": "Only four years later, in 1849, this building also <hl> was destroyed by fire <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2462b22cd4dfcfbe6da"}
{"question": "What characterized the Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918?", "paragraph": "Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918 were cautious with limited nationalisations of private property. Lenin was immediately committed to avoid antagonising the peasantry by making efforts to coax them away from the Socialist Revolutionaries, allowing a peasant takeover of nobles' estates while no immediate nationalisations were enacted on peasants' property. Beginning in mid-1918, the Bolshevik regime enacted what is known as \"war communism\", an economic policy that aimed to replace the free market with state control over all means of production and distribution. This was done through the Decree on Nationalisation that declared the nationalisation of all large-scale private enterprises while requisitioning grain away from peasants and providing it to workers in cities and Red soldiers fighting the Whites. The result was economic chaos as the monetary economy collapsed and was replaced by barter and black marketeering. The requisitioning of grain away from the peasantry to workers resulted in peasants losing incentive to labour, resulting in a drop in production, producing a food shortage crisis in the cities that provoked strikes and riots that seriously challenged the Bolshevik regime, with the most serious being the Kronstadt Revolt of 1921.", "answer": "cautious with limited nationalisations of private property", "sentence": "Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918 were cautious with limited nationalisations of private property .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918 were cautious with limited nationalisations of private property . <hl> Lenin was immediately committed to avoid antagonising the peasantry by making efforts to coax them away from the Socialist Revolutionaries, allowing a peasant takeover of nobles' estates while no immediate nationalisations were enacted on peasants' property. Beginning in mid-1918, the Bolshevik regime enacted what is known as \"war communism\", an economic policy that aimed to replace the free market with state control over all means of production and distribution. This was done through the Decree on Nationalisation that declared the nationalisation of all large-scale private enterprises while requisitioning grain away from peasants and providing it to workers in cities and Red soldiers fighting the Whites. The result was economic chaos as the monetary economy collapsed and was replaced by barter and black marketeering. The requisitioning of grain away from the peasantry to workers resulted in peasants losing incentive to labour, resulting in a drop in production, producing a food shortage crisis in the cities that provoked strikes and riots that seriously challenged the Bolshevik regime, with the most serious being the Kronstadt Revolt of 1921.", "paragraph_answer": "Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918 were <hl> cautious with limited nationalisations of private property <hl>. Lenin was immediately committed to avoid antagonising the peasantry by making efforts to coax them away from the Socialist Revolutionaries, allowing a peasant takeover of nobles' estates while no immediate nationalisations were enacted on peasants' property. Beginning in mid-1918, the Bolshevik regime enacted what is known as \"war communism\", an economic policy that aimed to replace the free market with state control over all means of production and distribution. This was done through the Decree on Nationalisation that declared the nationalisation of all large-scale private enterprises while requisitioning grain away from peasants and providing it to workers in cities and Red soldiers fighting the Whites. The result was economic chaos as the monetary economy collapsed and was replaced by barter and black marketeering. The requisitioning of grain away from the peasantry to workers resulted in peasants losing incentive to labour, resulting in a drop in production, producing a food shortage crisis in the cities that provoked strikes and riots that seriously challenged the Bolshevik regime, with the most serious being the Kronstadt Revolt of 1921.", "sentence_answer": "Initial Bolshevik economic policies from 1917 to 1918 were <hl> cautious with limited nationalisations of private property <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675bdc2b22cd4dfcfbf84a"}
{"question": "What was one of the main focuses of second wave feminism?", "paragraph": "Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as sexist, and created pop culture of their own to counteract this. Australian artist Helen Reddy's song \"I Am Woman\" played a large role in popular culture and became a feminist anthem; Reddy came to be known as a \"feminist poster girl\" or a \"feminist icon\".\n\"One project of second wave feminism was to create 'positive' images of women, to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions.\"", "answer": "to create 'positive' images of women", "sentence": "\n\"One project of second wave feminism was to create 'positive' images of women , to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as sexist, and created pop culture of their own to counteract this. Australian artist Helen Reddy's song \"I Am Woman\" played a large role in popular culture and became a feminist anthem; Reddy came to be known as a \"feminist poster girl\" or a \"feminist icon\". <hl> \"One project of second wave feminism was to create 'positive' images of women , to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Second-wave feminists viewed popular culture as sexist, and created pop culture of their own to counteract this. Australian artist Helen Reddy's song \"I Am Woman\" played a large role in popular culture and became a feminist anthem; Reddy came to be known as a \"feminist poster girl\" or a \"feminist icon\". \"One project of second wave feminism was <hl> to create 'positive' images of women <hl>, to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions.\"", "sentence_answer": " \"One project of second wave feminism was <hl> to create 'positive' images of women <hl> , to act as a counterweight to the dominant images circulating in popular culture and to raise women's consciousness of their oppressions.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d677c022b22cd4dfcfbfd30"}
{"question": "How much area was covered in 1987?", "paragraph": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi). During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "answer": "400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi)", "sentence": "The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi) .", "paragraph_sentence": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. <hl> The ice then covered 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi) . <hl> During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "paragraph_answer": "It is known that since 1720, the Baltic Sea has frozen over entirely a total of 20 times. The most recent case was in early 1987, which was the most severe winter in Scandinavia since that date. The ice then covered <hl> 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi) <hl>. During the winter of 2010\u201311, which was quite severe compared to those of the last decades, the maximum ice cover was 315,000 km2 (122,000 sq mi), which was reached on 25 February 2011. The ice then extended from the north down to the northern tip of Gotland, with small ice-free areas on either side, and the east coast of the Baltic Sea was covered by an ice sheet about 25 to 100 km (16 to 62 mi) wide all the way to Gda\u0144sk. This was brought about by a stagnant high-pressure area that lingered over central and northern Scandinavia from around 10 to 24 February. After this, strong southern winds pushed the ice further into the north, and much of the waters north of Gotland were again free of ice, which had then packed against the shores of southern Finland. The effects of the afore-mentioned high-pressure area did not reach the southern parts of the Baltic Sea, and thus the entire sea did not freeze over. However, floating ice was additionally observed near \u015awinouj\u015bcie harbour in January 2010.", "sentence_answer": "The ice then covered <hl> 400,000 km2 (150,000 sq mi) <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661af52b22cd4dfcfbd8d6"}
{"question": "Did Croatia maintain an independent government during the war?", "paragraph": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "answer": "puppet Independent State of Croatia", "sentence": "The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. <hl> The government of the puppet Independent State of Croatia found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The occupying forces instituted such severe burdens on the local populace that the Partisans came not only to enjoy widespread support but for many were the only option for survival. Early in the occupation, German forces would hang or shoot indiscriminately, including women, children and the elderly, up to 100 local inhabitants for every one German soldier killed. Furthermore, the country experienced a breakdown of law and order, with collaborationist militias roaming the countryside terrorizing the population. The government of the <hl> puppet Independent State of Croatia <hl> found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The government of the <hl> puppet Independent State of Croatia <hl> found itself unable to control its territory in the early stages of the occupation, resulting in a severe crackdown by the Usta\u0161e militias and the German army.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d6703ff2b22cd4dfcfbea93"}
{"question": "What is the purpose of subtitles?", "paragraph": "Some films of ancient settings, such as Sebastiane and The Passion of the Christ, have been made with dialogue in Latin for the sake of realism. Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/TV series as The Exorcist and Lost (\"Jughead\"). Subtitles are usually shown for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also songs written with Latin lyrics. The libretto for the opera-oratorio Oedipus rex (opera) by Igor Stravinsky is in Latin.", "answer": "for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin.", "sentence": "Subtitles are usually shown for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also songs written with Latin lyrics.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some films of ancient settings, such as Sebastiane and The Passion of the Christ, have been made with dialogue in Latin for the sake of realism. Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/TV series as The Exorcist and Lost (\"Jughead\"). <hl> Subtitles are usually shown for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. There are also songs written with Latin lyrics. <hl> The libretto for the opera-oratorio Oedipus rex (opera) by Igor Stravinsky is in Latin.", "paragraph_answer": "Some films of ancient settings, such as Sebastiane and The Passion of the Christ, have been made with dialogue in Latin for the sake of realism. Occasionally, Latin dialogue is used because of its association with religion or philosophy, in such film/TV series as The Exorcist and Lost (\"Jughead\"). Subtitles are usually shown <hl> for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. <hl> There are also songs written with Latin lyrics. The libretto for the opera-oratorio Oedipus rex (opera) by Igor Stravinsky is in Latin.", "sentence_answer": "Subtitles are usually shown <hl> for the benefit of those who do not understand Latin. <hl> There are also songs written with Latin lyrics.", "paragraph_id": "5d6600882b22cd4dfcfbd554"}
{"question": "Who repopularized the jazz soprano sax?", "paragraph": "In addition to the colossal brilliance and virtuosity of Parker, the alto sax was also popularized in the 1950s by top saxophonists such as Sonny Stitt, Cannonball Adderley, Sonny Criss and Paul Desmond (latter of the Dave Brubeck Quartet). The tenor sax, which some consider to be the more popular form of saxophone as a solo instrument in jazz, was popularized by jazz greats such as Lester Young, Coleman Hawkins, Dexter Gordon, John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Stan Getz and Zoot Sims. The baritone sax, featured more in big bands (notably by Harry Carney in the Duke Ellington Orchestra) and larger ensembles than as a solo instrument, was popularized in jazz as a solo instrument within small groups by musicians such as Serge Chaloff, Gerry Mulligan, Pepper Adams and Leo Parker.  The soprano saxophone was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument.", "answer": "Sidney Bechet", "sentence": " The soprano saxophone was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument.", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to the colossal brilliance and virtuosity of Parker, the alto sax was also popularized in the 1950s by top saxophonists such as Sonny Stitt, Cannonball Adderley, Sonny Criss and Paul Desmond (latter of the Dave Brubeck Quartet). The tenor sax, which some consider to be the more popular form of saxophone as a solo instrument in jazz, was popularized by jazz greats such as Lester Young, Coleman Hawkins, Dexter Gordon, John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Stan Getz and Zoot Sims. The baritone sax, featured more in big bands (notably by Harry Carney in the Duke Ellington Orchestra) and larger ensembles than as a solo instrument, was popularized in jazz as a solo instrument within small groups by musicians such as Serge Chaloff, Gerry Mulligan, Pepper Adams and Leo Parker. <hl> The soprano saxophone was popularized by Sidney Bechet in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to the colossal brilliance and virtuosity of Parker, the alto sax was also popularized in the 1950s by top saxophonists such as Sonny Stitt, Cannonball Adderley, Sonny Criss and Paul Desmond (latter of the Dave Brubeck Quartet). The tenor sax, which some consider to be the more popular form of saxophone as a solo instrument in jazz, was popularized by jazz greats such as Lester Young, Coleman Hawkins, Dexter Gordon, John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Stan Getz and Zoot Sims. The baritone sax, featured more in big bands (notably by Harry Carney in the Duke Ellington Orchestra) and larger ensembles than as a solo instrument, was popularized in jazz as a solo instrument within small groups by musicians such as Serge Chaloff, Gerry Mulligan, Pepper Adams and Leo Parker. The soprano saxophone was popularized by <hl> Sidney Bechet <hl> in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument.", "sentence_answer": " The soprano saxophone was popularized by <hl> Sidney Bechet <hl> in early jazz, but then largely fell out of favor on the jazz scene until John Coltrane began to feature the instrument.[citation needed] Popular smooth jazz/contemporary pop musician Kenny G also features the soprano sax as his principal instrument.", "paragraph_id": "5d672dd52b22cd4dfcfbf1cf"}
{"question": "When did Abgar V become Christian?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus.  According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "answer": "30 AD", "sentence": " According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. <hl> According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in 30 AD . <hl> Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "paragraph_answer": "The Armenian Church claims apostolic succession through the apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus. According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in <hl> 30 AD <hl>. Thaddaeus was then commissioned by Abgar to proselytize throughout Armenia, where he converted the king Sanatruk's daughter, who was eventually martyred alongside Thaddeus when Sanatruk later fell into apostasy. After this, Bartholomew came to Armenia, bringing a portrait of the virgin Mary, which he placed in a nunnery he founded over a former temple of Anahit. Bartholomew then converted the sister of Sanatruk, who once again martyred a female relative and the apostle who converted her. Both apostles ordained native bishops before their execution, and some other Armenians had been ordained outside of Armenia by James the Just.", "sentence_answer": " According to legend, the latter of the two apostles is said to have cured Abgar V of Edessa of leprosy with the Image of Edessa, leading to his conversion in <hl> 30 AD <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6586b02b22cd4dfcfbc9ff"}
{"question": "Who wrote an open letter to African countries demanding an apology?", "paragraph": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "answer": "Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria", "sentence": "In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2009, the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. <hl> In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In 2009, the <hl> Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria <hl> has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless. In view of the fact that the Americans and Europe have accepted the cruelty of their roles and have forcefully apologized, it would be logical, reasonable and humbling if African traditional rulers ... [can] accept blame and formally apologize to the descendants of the victims of their collaborative and exploitative slave trade.\"", "sentence_answer": "In 2009, the <hl> Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria <hl> has written an open letter to all African chieftains who participated in trade calling for an apology for their role in the Atlantic slave trade: \"We cannot continue to blame the white men, as Africans, particularly the traditional rulers, are not blameless.", "paragraph_id": "5d6687752b22cd4dfcfbe1ee"}
{"question": "On what island was New Amsterdam located?", "paragraph": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan, would grow to become a major world city. The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s.\nTraces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "answer": "Manhattan", "sentence": "The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan , would grow to become a major world city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. <hl> The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan , would grow to become a major world city. <hl> The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s. Traces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "paragraph_answer": "Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, chartered in 1614, was a colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands in what became New York State, New Jersey, and parts of other neighboring states. The peak population was less than 10,000. The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of <hl> Manhattan <hl>, would grow to become a major world city. The city was captured by the English in 1664; they took complete control of the colony in 1674 and renamed it New York. However the Dutch landholdings remained, and the Hudson River Valley maintained a traditional Dutch character until the 1820s. Traces of Dutch influence\u2014such as homes, family surnames, and the names of roads and whole towns\u2014remain in present-day northern New Jersey and southeastern New York State.", "sentence_answer": "The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of <hl> Manhattan <hl> , would grow to become a major world city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e59a2b22cd4dfcfbd1a8"}
{"question": "When are all of the multilingual support compenents installed in Windows?", "paragraph": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "answer": "during Windows installation", "sentence": "Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel).", "paragraph_sentence": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. <hl> Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed during Windows installation (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). <hl> Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "paragraph_answer": "Multilingual support is built into Windows. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed <hl> during Windows installation <hl> (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel). Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs.", "sentence_answer": "Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors, are automatically installed <hl> during Windows installation <hl> (in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel).", "paragraph_id": "5d67a7972b22cd4dfcfbff32"}
{"question": "What majority is needed to override a governor's veto?", "paragraph": "The legislature is the General Assembly. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate (36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden by a two-thirds majority in each house. Per Article XV of the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year terms in November on even-numbered years. There also must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to 225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber, when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker of the House presides over the House. As of 2014[update], Brendan Sharkey is the Speaker of the House of Connecticut.", "answer": "two-thirds", "sentence": "a two-thirds majority in each house.", "paragraph_sentence": "The legislature is the General Assembly. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate (36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden by <hl> a two-thirds majority in each house. <hl> Per Article XV of the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year terms in November on even-numbered years. There also must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to 225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber, when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker of the House presides over the House. As of 2014[update], Brendan Sharkey is the Speaker of the House of Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "The legislature is the General Assembly. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of an upper body, the State Senate (36 senators); and a lower body, the House of Representatives (151 representatives). Bills must pass each house in order to become law. The governor can veto the bill, but this veto can be overridden by a <hl> two-thirds <hl> majority in each house. Per Article XV of the state constitution, Senators and Representatives must be at least 18 years of age and are elected to two-year terms in November on even-numbered years. There also must always be between 30 and 50 senators and 125 to 225 representatives. The Lieutenant Governor presides over the Senate, except when absent from the chamber, when the President pro tempore presides. The Speaker of the House presides over the House. As of 2014[update], Brendan Sharkey is the Speaker of the House of Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "a <hl> two-thirds <hl> majority in each house.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e49b2b22cd4dfcfbd174"}
{"question": "What is useful as a technique to reduce the number or inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems?", "paragraph": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "answer": "Restrictions", "sentence": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. <hl> The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Restrictions <hl> such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Restrictions <hl> such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results.", "paragraph_id": "5d66a6a32b22cd4dfcfbe3b4"}
{"question": "When, specifically, was the Fulton Center finished?", "paragraph": "The New York City Subway, the largest subway system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are 148 subway stations in Manhattan and four under construction, out of the 472 stations. A second subway, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system, connects six stations in Manhattan to northern New Jersey. Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards, which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. There are 7-day and 30-day MetroCards that allow unlimited trips on all subways (except PATH) and MTA bus routes (except for express buses). The PATH QuickCard is being phased out, having been replaced by the SmartLink. The MTA is testing \"smart card\" payment systems to replace the MetroCard. Commuter rail services operating to and from Manhattan are the Long Island Rail Road (which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to Long Island), the Metro-North Railroad (which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut) and NJ Transit trains to various points in New Jersey. Multibillion-dollar heavy-rail transit projects under construction in Manhattan include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "answer": "November 2014", "sentence": "Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New York City Subway, the largest subway system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are 148 subway stations in Manhattan and four under construction, out of the 472 stations. A second subway, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system, connects six stations in Manhattan to northern New Jersey. Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards, which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. There are 7-day and 30-day MetroCards that allow unlimited trips on all subways (except PATH) and MTA bus routes (except for express buses). The PATH QuickCard is being phased out, having been replaced by the SmartLink. The MTA is testing \"smart card\" payment systems to replace the MetroCard. Commuter rail services operating to and from Manhattan are the Long Island Rail Road (which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to Long Island), the Metro-North Railroad (which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut) and NJ Transit trains to various points in New Jersey. Multibillion-dollar heavy-rail transit projects under construction in Manhattan include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. <hl> Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in November 2014 and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The New York City Subway, the largest subway system in the world by number of stations, is the primary means of travel within the city, linking every borough except Staten Island. There are 148 subway stations in Manhattan and four under construction, out of the 472 stations. A second subway, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) system, connects six stations in Manhattan to northern New Jersey. Passengers pay fares with pay-per-ride MetroCards, which are valid on all city buses and subways, as well as on PATH trains. There are 7-day and 30-day MetroCards that allow unlimited trips on all subways (except PATH) and MTA bus routes (except for express buses). The PATH QuickCard is being phased out, having been replaced by the SmartLink. The MTA is testing \"smart card\" payment systems to replace the MetroCard. Commuter rail services operating to and from Manhattan are the Long Island Rail Road (which connects Manhattan and other New York City boroughs to Long Island), the Metro-North Railroad (which connects Manhattan to Upstate New York and Southwestern Connecticut) and NJ Transit trains to various points in New Jersey. Multibillion-dollar heavy-rail transit projects under construction in Manhattan include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the World Trade Center Transportation Hub. Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in <hl> November 2014 <hl> and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "sentence_answer": "Two multi-billion-dollar projects were completed in the mid-2010s, with the $1.4 billion Fulton Center having been completed in <hl> November 2014 <hl> and the $2.4 billion 7 Subway Extension having been completed in September 2015.", "paragraph_id": "5d673be42b22cd4dfcfbf38b"}
{"question": "When did the Occupy Movement end?", "paragraph": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Poverty and homelessness have also become methods of 'disruption' used against political activists, such as members of the Occupy Movement. Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless.  Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "answer": "2011", "sentence": "Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless.", "paragraph_sentence": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Poverty and homelessness have also become methods of 'disruption' used against political activists, such as members of the Occupy Movement. <hl> Shut down in 2011 by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless. <hl> Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "paragraph_answer": "During the last decade and more, a transfer of wealth from the poorer classes to the wealthier classes has affected widespread poverty across the country, later exacerbated by the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis. Poverty and homelessness have also become methods of 'disruption' used against political activists, such as members of the Occupy Movement. Shut down in <hl> 2011 <hl> by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless. Incidents of domestic violence contribute to homelessness among women, who are often denied police protection and legal recourse.", "sentence_answer": "Shut down in <hl> 2011 <hl> by national security agencies and local police forces collaborating with private business, members say they later lost jobs, defaulted on home mortgages, then became homeless.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5462b22cd4dfcfbce6b"}
{"question": "Who proposed changes to the senate election system in 2016?", "paragraph": "Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes. The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon \u2212 a three-vote majority. The Senate reform legislation passed both houses of the Parliament of Australia on 18 March 2016 after the Senate sat all night debating the bill.", "answer": "Turnbull Liberal government", "sentence": "On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes.", "paragraph_sentence": "Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. <hl> On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes. <hl> The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon \u2212 a three-vote majority. The Senate reform legislation passed both houses of the Parliament of Australia on 18 March 2016 after the Senate sat all night debating the bill.", "paragraph_answer": "Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. On 22 February 2016, the <hl> Turnbull Liberal government <hl> announced several proposed changes. The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon \u2212 a three-vote majority. The Senate reform legislation passed both houses of the Parliament of Australia on 18 March 2016 after the Senate sat all night debating the bill.", "sentence_answer": "On 22 February 2016, the <hl> Turnbull Liberal government <hl> announced several proposed changes.", "paragraph_id": "5d65cf772b22cd4dfcfbcdb9"}
{"question": "What two subjects were more successful than literature?", "paragraph": "Art and drama were somewhat more successful than literature. Benjamin West was a noteworthy painter of historical subjects and two first-rate portrait painters emerged in John Copley and Gilbert Stuart, yet all three men spent much of their lives in London. Theater was more developed in the Southern colonies, especially South Carolina, but nowhere did stage works attain the level of Europe. Puritans in New England and Quakers in Pennsylvania opposed theatrical performances as immoral and ungodly.", "answer": "Art and drama", "sentence": "Art and drama were somewhat more successful than literature.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Art and drama were somewhat more successful than literature. <hl> Benjamin West was a noteworthy painter of historical subjects and two first-rate portrait painters emerged in John Copley and Gilbert Stuart, yet all three men spent much of their lives in London. Theater was more developed in the Southern colonies, especially South Carolina, but nowhere did stage works attain the level of Europe. Puritans in New England and Quakers in Pennsylvania opposed theatrical performances as immoral and ungodly.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Art and drama <hl> were somewhat more successful than literature. Benjamin West was a noteworthy painter of historical subjects and two first-rate portrait painters emerged in John Copley and Gilbert Stuart, yet all three men spent much of their lives in London. Theater was more developed in the Southern colonies, especially South Carolina, but nowhere did stage works attain the level of Europe. Puritans in New England and Quakers in Pennsylvania opposed theatrical performances as immoral and ungodly.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Art and drama <hl> were somewhat more successful than literature.", "paragraph_id": "5d6658b72b22cd4dfcfbdc64"}
{"question": "How are inputs and outputs defined?", "paragraph": "A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either True or False. Consider the two sentences \"Socrates is a philosopher\" and \"Plato is a philosopher\". In propositional logic, these sentences are viewed as being unrelated and might be denoted, for example, by variables such as p and q. The predicate \"is a philosopher\" occurs in both sentences, which have a common structure of \"a is a philosopher\". The variable a is instantiated as \"Socrates\" in the first sentence and is instantiated as \"Plato\" in the second sentence. The use of predicates, such as \"is a philosopher\" in this example, distinguishes first-order logic from propositional logic.[clarification needed]", "answer": "True or False.", "sentence": "A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either True or False. Consider the two sentences \"Socrates is a philosopher\" and \"Plato is a philosopher\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either True or False. Consider the two sentences \"Socrates is a philosopher\" and \"Plato is a philosopher\". <hl> In propositional logic, these sentences are viewed as being unrelated and might be denoted, for example, by variables such as p and q. The predicate \"is a philosopher\" occurs in both sentences, which have a common structure of \"a is a philosopher\". The variable a is instantiated as \"Socrates\" in the first sentence and is instantiated as \"Plato\" in the second sentence. The use of predicates, such as \"is a philosopher\" in this example, distinguishes first-order logic from propositional logic.[clarification needed]", "paragraph_answer": "A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either <hl> True or False. <hl> Consider the two sentences \"Socrates is a philosopher\" and \"Plato is a philosopher\". In propositional logic, these sentences are viewed as being unrelated and might be denoted, for example, by variables such as p and q. The predicate \"is a philosopher\" occurs in both sentences, which have a common structure of \"a is a philosopher\". The variable a is instantiated as \"Socrates\" in the first sentence and is instantiated as \"Plato\" in the second sentence. The use of predicates, such as \"is a philosopher\" in this example, distinguishes first-order logic from propositional logic.[clarification needed]", "sentence_answer": "A predicate takes an entity or entities in the domain of discourse as input and outputs either <hl> True or False. <hl> Consider the two sentences \"Socrates is a philosopher\" and \"Plato is a philosopher\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66b5d22b22cd4dfcfbe42f"}
{"question": "How many prisoners were lost during the trek back through the evacuation route?", "paragraph": "The seven escapees arranged with the Partisans for the rest of the camp to be freed the following day. Next morning, the seven returned with about a hundred Partisans to await the arrival of the work-party by the usual train. As soon as work had begun the Partisans, to quote a New Zealand eye-witness, \"swooped down the hillside and disarmed the eighteen guards\". In a short time prisoners, guards, and civilian overseers were being escorted along the route used by the first seven prisoners the previous evening. At the first headquarters camp reached, details were taken of the total of 132 escaped prisoners for transmission by radio to England. Progress along the evacuation route south was difficult, as German patrols were very active. A night ambush by one such patrol caused the loss of two prisoners and two of the escort. Eventually they reached Semi\u010d, in White Carniola, Slovenia, which was a Partisan base catering for POWs. They were flown across to Bari on 21 September 1944 from the airport of Otok near Gradac.", "answer": "two prisoners", "sentence": "A night ambush by one such patrol caused the loss of two prisoners and two of the escort.", "paragraph_sentence": "The seven escapees arranged with the Partisans for the rest of the camp to be freed the following day. Next morning, the seven returned with about a hundred Partisans to await the arrival of the work-party by the usual train. As soon as work had begun the Partisans, to quote a New Zealand eye-witness, \"swooped down the hillside and disarmed the eighteen guards\". In a short time prisoners, guards, and civilian overseers were being escorted along the route used by the first seven prisoners the previous evening. At the first headquarters camp reached, details were taken of the total of 132 escaped prisoners for transmission by radio to England. Progress along the evacuation route south was difficult, as German patrols were very active. <hl> A night ambush by one such patrol caused the loss of two prisoners and two of the escort. <hl> Eventually they reached Semi\u010d, in White Carniola, Slovenia, which was a Partisan base catering for POWs. They were flown across to Bari on 21 September 1944 from the airport of Otok near Gradac.", "paragraph_answer": "The seven escapees arranged with the Partisans for the rest of the camp to be freed the following day. Next morning, the seven returned with about a hundred Partisans to await the arrival of the work-party by the usual train. As soon as work had begun the Partisans, to quote a New Zealand eye-witness, \"swooped down the hillside and disarmed the eighteen guards\". In a short time prisoners, guards, and civilian overseers were being escorted along the route used by the first seven prisoners the previous evening. At the first headquarters camp reached, details were taken of the total of 132 escaped prisoners for transmission by radio to England. Progress along the evacuation route south was difficult, as German patrols were very active. A night ambush by one such patrol caused the loss of <hl> two prisoners <hl> and two of the escort. Eventually they reached Semi\u010d, in White Carniola, Slovenia, which was a Partisan base catering for POWs. They were flown across to Bari on 21 September 1944 from the airport of Otok near Gradac.", "sentence_answer": "A night ambush by one such patrol caused the loss of <hl> two prisoners <hl> and two of the escort.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c6992b22cd4dfcfc01c5"}
{"question": "Madison Square Garden replaced which station?", "paragraph": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "answer": "Penn Station", "sentence": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old Penn Station and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. <hl> Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old <hl> Penn Station <hl> and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex. Organized protests were aimed at preserving the McKim, Mead & White-designed structure completed in 1910, widely considered a masterpiece of the Beaux-Arts style and one of the architectural jewels of New York City. Despite these efforts, demolition of the structure began in October 1963. The loss of Penn Station\u2014called \"an act of irresponsible public vandalism\" by historian Lewis Mumford\u2014led directly to the enactment in 1965 of a local law establishing the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which is responsible for preserving the \"city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage\". The historic preservation movement triggered by Penn Station's demise has been credited with the retention of some one million structures nationwide, including nearly 1,000 in New York City.", "sentence_answer": "In 1961, the Pennsylvania Railroad unveiled plans to tear down the old <hl> Penn Station <hl> and replace it with a new Madison Square Garden and office building complex.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725a32b22cd4dfcfbf0b4"}
{"question": "When was Windows 1.0 released?", "paragraph": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity.  Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "answer": "November 1985", "sentence": "It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. <hl> It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985 . <hl> Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until <hl> November 1985 <hl>. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "sentence_answer": "It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until <hl> November 1985 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66eeac2b22cd4dfcfbe5ce"}
{"question": "What is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL?", "paragraph": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "answer": "Madison Square Garden", "sentence": "Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "paragraph_sentence": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. <hl> Madison Square Garden in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The oldest indoor ice hockey arena still in use today for ice hockey is Boston's Matthews Arena, which was built in 1910. It has been modified extensively several times in its history and is used today by Northeastern University for ice hockey and other sports. It was the original home rink of the Boston Bruins professional team, itself the oldest United States-based team in the NHL, starting play in the league in today's Matthews Arena on December 1, 1924. <hl> Madison Square Garden <hl> in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Madison Square Garden <hl> in New York City, built in 1968, is the oldest continuously-operating arena in the NHL.", "paragraph_id": "5d666d552b22cd4dfcfbdeb5"}
{"question": "What percentage of railway passengers in the country live in the New York metropolitan area?", "paragraph": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "answer": "two-thirds", "sentence": "About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs.", "paragraph_sentence": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. <hl> About one-third of users of mass transit and two-thirds of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. <hl> Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The metro region's commuter rail lines converge at Penn Station and Grand Central Terminal, on the west and east sides of Midtown Manhattan, respectively. They are the two busiest rail stations in the United States. About one-third of users of mass transit and <hl> two-thirds <hl> of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs. Amtrak provides inter-city passenger rail service from Penn Station to Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington, D.C.; Upstate New York and New England; cross-Canadian border service to Toronto and Montreal; and destinations in the Southern and Midwestern United States.", "sentence_answer": "About one-third of users of mass transit and <hl> two-thirds <hl> of railway passengers in the country live in New York and its suburbs.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e0c2b22cd4dfcfbec6c"}
{"question": "Is chiseling a quick process?", "paragraph": "Relief is a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material. The term relief is from the Latin verb relevo, to raise. To create a sculpture in relief is to give the impression that the sculpted material has been raised above the background plane. What is actually performed when a relief is cut in from a flat surface of stone (relief sculpture) or wood (relief carving) is a lowering of the field, leaving the unsculpted parts seemingly raised. The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise. On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone.  In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mache the form can be just added to or raised up from the background, and monumental bronze reliefs are made by casting.", "answer": "The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise.", "sentence": "The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise. On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone.", "paragraph_sentence": "Relief is a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material. The term relief is from the Latin verb relevo, to raise. To create a sculpture in relief is to give the impression that the sculpted material has been raised above the background plane. What is actually performed when a relief is cut in from a flat surface of stone (relief sculpture) or wood (relief carving) is a lowering of the field, leaving the unsculpted parts seemingly raised. <hl> The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise. On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone. <hl> In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mache the form can be just added to or raised up from the background, and monumental bronze reliefs are made by casting.", "paragraph_answer": "Relief is a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material. The term relief is from the Latin verb relevo, to raise. To create a sculpture in relief is to give the impression that the sculpted material has been raised above the background plane. What is actually performed when a relief is cut in from a flat surface of stone (relief sculpture) or wood (relief carving) is a lowering of the field, leaving the unsculpted parts seemingly raised. <hl> The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise. <hl> On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone. In other materials such as metal, clay, plaster stucco, ceramics or papier-mache the form can be just added to or raised up from the background, and monumental bronze reliefs are made by casting.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The technique involves considerable chiselling away of the background, which is a time-consuming exercise. <hl> On the other hand, a relief saves forming the rear of a subject, and is less fragile and more securely fixed than a sculpture in the round, especially one of a standing figure where the ankles are a potential weak point, especially in stone.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4342b22cd4dfcfbe74e"}
{"question": "What was the name of the group working to preserve the Yugoslav monarchy?", "paragraph": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "answer": "Chetniks", "sentence": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. <hl> Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "paragraph_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the <hl> Chetniks <hl>, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "sentence_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the <hl> Chetniks <hl> , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f8e62b22cd4dfcfc04aa"}
{"question": "What year was Feyenoord in Rotterdam founded?", "paragraph": "Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "answer": "1908", "sentence": "Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. <hl> It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "paragraph_answer": "Feyenoord, founded in <hl> 1908 <hl> and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "sentence_answer": "Feyenoord, founded in <hl> 1908 <hl> and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_id": "5d672cfd2b22cd4dfcfbf1ae"}
{"question": "What virtues are part of humanity?", "paragraph": "Peterson and Seligman approach the anthropological view looking across cultures, geo-cultural areas and across millennia. They conclude that certain virtues have prevailed in all cultures they examined. The major virtues they identified include wisdom / knowledge; courage; humanity; justice; temperance; and transcendence. Each of these includes several divisions. For instance humanity includes love, kindness, and social intelligence.", "answer": "love, kindness, and social intelligence", "sentence": "For instance humanity includes love, kindness, and social intelligence .", "paragraph_sentence": "Peterson and Seligman approach the anthropological view looking across cultures, geo-cultural areas and across millennia. They conclude that certain virtues have prevailed in all cultures they examined. The major virtues they identified include wisdom / knowledge; courage; humanity; justice; temperance; and transcendence. Each of these includes several divisions. <hl> For instance humanity includes love, kindness, and social intelligence . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Peterson and Seligman approach the anthropological view looking across cultures, geo-cultural areas and across millennia. They conclude that certain virtues have prevailed in all cultures they examined. The major virtues they identified include wisdom / knowledge; courage; humanity; justice; temperance; and transcendence. Each of these includes several divisions. For instance humanity includes <hl> love, kindness, and social intelligence <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "For instance humanity includes <hl> love, kindness, and social intelligence <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67069d2b22cd4dfcfbeb00"}
{"question": "What connected Oxford and London?", "paragraph": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "answer": "Great Western Railway", "sentence": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. <hl> The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1844, the <hl> Great Western Railway <hl> linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "sentence_answer": "In 1844, the <hl> Great Western Railway <hl> linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham.", "paragraph_id": "5d6738722b22cd4dfcfbf2dc"}
{"question": "Which program has Pitt started to accompany someone's regular studies?", "paragraph": "Throughout its history, Pitt has been committed to a liberal arts education with a well-rounded curriculum in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Pitt has an increasing emphasis on undergraduate research experience and for providing real-world opportunities such as co-ops and internships. Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Philosophy. Along with providing certificate programs, graduate level master's, professional, and doctoral degrees are also awarded. Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a green cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "answer": "Outside the Classroom Curriculum", "sentence": "Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills.", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout its history, Pitt has been committed to a liberal arts education with a well-rounded curriculum in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Pitt has an increasing emphasis on undergraduate research experience and for providing real-world opportunities such as co-ops and internships. Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Philosophy. Along with providing certificate programs, graduate level master's, professional, and doctoral degrees are also awarded. <hl> Pitt has also initiated a University-wide Outside the Classroom Curriculum (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. <hl> Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a green cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout its history, Pitt has been committed to a liberal arts education with a well-rounded curriculum in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Pitt has an increasing emphasis on undergraduate research experience and for providing real-world opportunities such as co-ops and internships. Undergraduate degrees can be earned as Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Bachelor of Philosophy. Along with providing certificate programs, graduate level master's, professional, and doctoral degrees are also awarded. Pitt has also initiated a University-wide <hl> Outside the Classroom Curriculum <hl> (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills. Students who complete the OCC requirements receive an OCC \"transcript\" and a green cord of distinction to wear at commencement.", "sentence_answer": "Pitt has also initiated a University-wide <hl> Outside the Classroom Curriculum <hl> (OCC) that includes a structured series of extracurricular programs and experiences designed to complement students' academic studies and help develop personal attributes and professional skills.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c58a2b22cd4dfcfc01a1"}
{"question": "What did fcuk stand for?", "paragraph": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word). Some examples of contrived acronyms are USA PATRIOT, CAN SPAM, CAPTCHA and ACT UP. The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for \"French Connection United Kingdom.\" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "answer": "French Connection United Kingdom.", "sentence": "The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for \" French Connection United Kingdom. \" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word). Some examples of contrived acronyms are USA PATRIOT, CAN SPAM, CAPTCHA and ACT UP. <hl> The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for \" French Connection United Kingdom. \" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Acronyms are sometimes contrived, that is, deliberately designed to be especially apt for the thing being named (by having a dual meaning or by borrowing the positive connotations of an existing word). Some examples of contrived acronyms are USA PATRIOT, CAN SPAM, CAPTCHA and ACT UP. The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for \"<hl> French Connection United Kingdom. <hl>\" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "sentence_answer": "The clothing company French Connection began referring to itself as fcuk, standing for \" <hl> French Connection United Kingdom. <hl> \" The company then created T-shirts and several advertising campaigns that exploit the acronym's similarity to the taboo word \"fuck.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65a6db2b22cd4dfcfbcac1"}
{"question": "if Jos\u00e9 GARC\u00cdA Torres and Mar\u00eda) ACOSTA G\u00f3mez had a child named Pablo, what would his full name be?", "paragraph": "In Spain and in most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. Usually the first surname comes from the father and the second from the mother, but it could be the other way round. A child's first surname will usually be their father's first surname, while the child's second surname will usually be the mother's first surname. For example, if \"(Jos\u00e9) GARC\u00cdA Torres\" and \"(Mar\u00eda) ACOSTA G\u00f3mez\" had a child named Pablo, then his full name would be Pablo Garc\u00eda Acosta. One family member's relationship to another can often be identified by the various combinations and permutations of surnames.", "answer": "Pablo Garc\u00eda Acosta", "sentence": "For example, if \"(Jos\u00e9) GARC\u00cdA Torres\" and \"(Mar\u00eda) ACOSTA G\u00f3mez\" had a child named Pablo, then his full name would be Pablo Garc\u00eda Acosta .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Spain and in most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. Usually the first surname comes from the father and the second from the mother, but it could be the other way round. A child's first surname will usually be their father's first surname, while the child's second surname will usually be the mother's first surname. <hl> For example, if \"(Jos\u00e9) GARC\u00cdA Torres\" and \"(Mar\u00eda) ACOSTA G\u00f3mez\" had a child named Pablo, then his full name would be Pablo Garc\u00eda Acosta . <hl> One family member's relationship to another can often be identified by the various combinations and permutations of surnames.", "paragraph_answer": "In Spain and in most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. Usually the first surname comes from the father and the second from the mother, but it could be the other way round. A child's first surname will usually be their father's first surname, while the child's second surname will usually be the mother's first surname. For example, if \"(Jos\u00e9) GARC\u00cdA Torres\" and \"(Mar\u00eda) ACOSTA G\u00f3mez\" had a child named Pablo, then his full name would be <hl> Pablo Garc\u00eda Acosta <hl>. One family member's relationship to another can often be identified by the various combinations and permutations of surnames.", "sentence_answer": "For example, if \"(Jos\u00e9) GARC\u00cdA Torres\" and \"(Mar\u00eda) ACOSTA G\u00f3mez\" had a child named Pablo, then his full name would be <hl> Pablo Garc\u00eda Acosta <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6726f72b22cd4dfcfbf0f1"}
{"question": "What kind of animal was considered more useful than horses?", "paragraph": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "answer": "cows", "sentence": "Eventually cows were brought with the horses.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. <hl> Eventually cows were brought with the horses. <hl> They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "paragraph_answer": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually <hl> cows <hl> were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "sentence_answer": "Eventually <hl> cows <hl> were brought with the horses.", "paragraph_id": "5d6607e52b22cd4dfcfbd638"}
{"question": "What was the percentage of employment increase during the Bush administration?", "paragraph": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent (756,000 jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget. But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs).\" CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "answer": "1.0 percent", "sentence": "But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs).\"", "paragraph_sentence": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent (756,000 jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget. <hl> But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just 1.0 percent (367,000 jobs).\" <hl> CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "paragraph_answer": "The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) wrote in March 2009: \"Small business employment rose by an average of 2.3 percent (756,000 jobs) per year during the Clinton years, when tax rates for high-income filers were set at very similar levels to those that would be reinstated under President Obama's budget. But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just <hl> 1.0 percent <hl> (367,000 jobs).\" CBPP reported in September 2011 that both employment and GDP grew faster in the seven-year period following President Clinton's income tax rate increase of 1993, than a similar period after the Bush tax cuts of 2001.", "sentence_answer": "But during the Bush years, when the rates were lower, employment rose by just <hl> 1.0 percent <hl> (367,000 jobs).\"", "paragraph_id": "5d670c2a2b22cd4dfcfbec16"}
{"question": "What is Marx famous for saying?", "paragraph": "Originally and for a long time the concept of a socialist society was regarded as equal to that of a communist society. However, it was Lenin who defined the difference between \"socialism\" and \"communism\", explaining that they are similar to what Marx described with the lower and upper stages of communist society. Marx explained that in a society immediately after the revolution, distribution must be based on the contribution of the individual, whereas in the upper stage of communism the from each according to his ability, to each according to his need concept would be applied.", "answer": "from each according to his ability, to each according to his need", "sentence": "the from each according to his ability, to each according to his need concept would be applied.", "paragraph_sentence": "Originally and for a long time the concept of a socialist society was regarded as equal to that of a communist society. However, it was Lenin who defined the difference between \"socialism\" and \"communism\", explaining that they are similar to what Marx described with the lower and upper stages of communist society. Marx explained that in a society immediately after the revolution, distribution must be based on the contribution of the individual, whereas in the upper stage of communism <hl> the from each according to his ability, to each according to his need concept would be applied. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Originally and for a long time the concept of a socialist society was regarded as equal to that of a communist society. However, it was Lenin who defined the difference between \"socialism\" and \"communism\", explaining that they are similar to what Marx described with the lower and upper stages of communist society. Marx explained that in a society immediately after the revolution, distribution must be based on the contribution of the individual, whereas in the upper stage of communism the <hl> from each according to his ability, to each according to his need <hl> concept would be applied.", "sentence_answer": "the <hl> from each according to his ability, to each according to his need <hl> concept would be applied.", "paragraph_id": "5d670fc72b22cd4dfcfbece9"}
{"question": "What does the making of right and wrong judgments coincide with?", "paragraph": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area.", "answer": "activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex", "sentence": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with <hl> activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex <hl> (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area.", "sentence_answer": "The explicit making of moral right and wrong judgments coincides with <hl> activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex <hl> (VMPC) while intuitive reactions to situations containing implicit moral issues activates the temporoparietal junction area.", "paragraph_id": "5d6768c92b22cd4dfcfbfa66"}
{"question": "Rice was domesticated in what region of China?", "paragraph": "Northern China appears to have been the domestication center for foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) with evidence of domestication of these species approximately 8,000 years ago. These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago). Rice was domesticated in southern China later on. Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago. Orange and peach also originated in China. They were cultivated around 2500 BC.", "answer": "southern", "sentence": "Rice was domesticated in southern China later on.", "paragraph_sentence": "Northern China appears to have been the domestication center for foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) with evidence of domestication of these species approximately 8,000 years ago. These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago). <hl> Rice was domesticated in southern China later on. <hl> Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago. Orange and peach also originated in China. They were cultivated around 2500 BC.", "paragraph_answer": "Northern China appears to have been the domestication center for foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) with evidence of domestication of these species approximately 8,000 years ago. These species were subsequently widely cultivated in the Yellow River basin (7,500 years ago). Rice was domesticated in <hl> southern <hl> China later on. Soybean was domesticated in northern China 4500 years ago. Orange and peach also originated in China. They were cultivated around 2500 BC.", "sentence_answer": "Rice was domesticated in <hl> southern <hl> China later on.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2292b22cd4dfcfbe6c5"}
{"question": "What term is given to the three regions of Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas Nevada combined?", "paragraph": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"Nevada Triangle\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.  Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett.  Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "answer": "Nevada Triangle", "sentence": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \" Nevada Triangle \", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \" Nevada Triangle \", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. <hl> Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett. Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "paragraph_answer": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \"<hl> Nevada Triangle <hl>\", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle. Some counts put the number of crashes in the triangle at 2,000, including millionaire and record-breaking flyer Steve Fossett. Theories that the crashes are related in some way to the United States Air Force's Area 51, or to the activities of extra-terrestrial aliens, have no evidence to support them.", "sentence_answer": "Because of the large number of airplanes which have crashed in the Sierra Nevada, primarily due to the complex weather and atmospheric conditions such as downdrafts and microbursts caused by geography there, a portion of the area, a triangle whose vertices are Reno, Nevada; Fresno, California; and Las Vegas, Nevada, has been dubbed the \" <hl> Nevada Triangle <hl> \", in reference to the Bermuda Triangle.", "paragraph_id": "5d67048d2b22cd4dfcfbeaad"}
{"question": "What does most Sunnis follow?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has been a cosmopolitan city throughout much of its history, but it has become more homogenized since the end of the Ottoman Empire. Most of Turkey's religious and ethnic minorities remain concentrated in Istanbul. The vast majority of people across Turkey, and in Istanbul, consider themselves Muslim, and more specifically members of the Sunni branch of Islam. Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought, although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school. The largest non-Sunni Muslim sect, accounting for 4.5 million Turks, is the Alevis; a third of all Alevis in the country live in Istanbul. Mystic movements, like Sufism, were officially banned after the establishment of the Turkish Republic, but they still boast numerous followers.", "answer": "the Hanafi school of Islamic thought", "sentence": "Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought , although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has been a cosmopolitan city throughout much of its history, but it has become more homogenized since the end of the Ottoman Empire. Most of Turkey's religious and ethnic minorities remain concentrated in Istanbul. The vast majority of people across Turkey, and in Istanbul, consider themselves Muslim, and more specifically members of the Sunni branch of Islam. <hl> Most Sunnis follow the Hanafi school of Islamic thought , although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school. <hl> The largest non-Sunni Muslim sect, accounting for 4.5 million Turks, is the Alevis; a third of all Alevis in the country live in Istanbul. Mystic movements, like Sufism, were officially banned after the establishment of the Turkish Republic, but they still boast numerous followers.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has been a cosmopolitan city throughout much of its history, but it has become more homogenized since the end of the Ottoman Empire. Most of Turkey's religious and ethnic minorities remain concentrated in Istanbul. The vast majority of people across Turkey, and in Istanbul, consider themselves Muslim, and more specifically members of the Sunni branch of Islam. Most Sunnis follow <hl> the Hanafi school of Islamic thought <hl>, although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school. The largest non-Sunni Muslim sect, accounting for 4.5 million Turks, is the Alevis; a third of all Alevis in the country live in Istanbul. Mystic movements, like Sufism, were officially banned after the establishment of the Turkish Republic, but they still boast numerous followers.", "sentence_answer": "Most Sunnis follow <hl> the Hanafi school of Islamic thought <hl> , although approximately 10 percent of Sunnis follow the Shafi'i school.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e6a72b22cd4dfcfbe50e"}
{"question": "What was the time frame of the Atlantic slave trade?", "paragraph": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "answer": "started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580", "sentence": "It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain.", "paragraph_sentence": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. <hl> It started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. <hl> While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "paragraph_answer": "The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for slightly more than 3% of all Atlantic slave trade. It <hl> started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 <hl> when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain. While the Portuguese were directly involved in trading enslaved peoples, the Spanish empire relied on the asiento system, awarding merchants (mostly from other countries) the license to trade enslaved people to their colonies. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era. Some Dutch, English, and French traders also participated in the slave trade. After the union, Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier. It became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share of the trade to the Dutch, English and French.", "sentence_answer": "It <hl> started (on a significant scale) in about 1502 and lasted until 1580 <hl> when Portugal was temporarily united with Spain.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f35d2b22cd4dfcfbd3b5"}
{"question": "Can a musical piece be both modernist and postmodern?", "paragraph": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to the ideals of the modernist. Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both. Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "answer": "a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both", "sentence": "Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both .", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to the ideals of the modernist. <hl> Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both . <hl> Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodern music is either music of the postmodern era, or music that follows aesthetic and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As the name suggests, the postmodernist movement formed partly in reaction to the ideals of the modernist. Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and <hl> a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both <hl>. Jonathan Kramer posits the idea (following Umberto Eco and Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Lyotard) that postmodernism (including musical postmodernism) is less a surface style or historical period (i.e., condition) than an attitude.", "sentence_answer": "Because of this, postmodern music is mostly defined in opposition to modernist music, and <hl> a work can either be modernist, or postmodern, but not both <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6722262b22cd4dfcfbf020"}
{"question": "What is a negative sign of the US labor market?", "paragraph": "Analyzing the true state of the U.S. labor market is very complex and a challenge for leading economists, who may arrive at different conclusions. For example, the main gauge, the unemployment rate, can be falling (a positive sign) while the labor force participation rate is falling as well (a negative sign). Further, the reasons for persons leaving the labor force may not be clear, such as aging (more people retiring) or because they are discouraged and have stopped looking for work. The extent to which persons are not fully utilizing their skills is also difficult to determine when measuring the level of underemployment.", "answer": "the labor force participation rate is falling", "sentence": "For example, the main gauge, the unemployment rate, can be falling (a positive sign) while the labor force participation rate is falling as well (a negative sign).", "paragraph_sentence": "Analyzing the true state of the U.S. labor market is very complex and a challenge for leading economists, who may arrive at different conclusions. <hl> For example, the main gauge, the unemployment rate, can be falling (a positive sign) while the labor force participation rate is falling as well (a negative sign). <hl> Further, the reasons for persons leaving the labor force may not be clear, such as aging (more people retiring) or because they are discouraged and have stopped looking for work. The extent to which persons are not fully utilizing their skills is also difficult to determine when measuring the level of underemployment.", "paragraph_answer": "Analyzing the true state of the U.S. labor market is very complex and a challenge for leading economists, who may arrive at different conclusions. For example, the main gauge, the unemployment rate, can be falling (a positive sign) while <hl> the labor force participation rate is falling <hl> as well (a negative sign). Further, the reasons for persons leaving the labor force may not be clear, such as aging (more people retiring) or because they are discouraged and have stopped looking for work. The extent to which persons are not fully utilizing their skills is also difficult to determine when measuring the level of underemployment.", "sentence_answer": "For example, the main gauge, the unemployment rate, can be falling (a positive sign) while <hl> the labor force participation rate is falling <hl> as well (a negative sign).", "paragraph_id": "5d674b0c2b22cd4dfcfbf54a"}
{"question": "Can play be stopped if goal is knocked out of position?", "paragraph": "The boards surrounding the ice help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are permitted to \"bodycheck\" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees, linesmen and the outsides of the goal are \"in play\" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. When play is stopped, it is restarted with a \"faceoff\". Two players \"face\" each other and an official drops the puck to the ice, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players.", "answer": "Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position.", "sentence": "Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption.", "paragraph_sentence": "The boards surrounding the ice help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are permitted to \"bodycheck\" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees, linesmen and the outsides of the goal are \"in play\" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. <hl> Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. <hl> When play is stopped, it is restarted with a \"faceoff\". Two players \"face\" each other and an official drops the puck to the ice, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players.", "paragraph_answer": "The boards surrounding the ice help keep the puck in play and they can also be used as tools to play the puck. Players are permitted to \"bodycheck\" opponents into the boards as a means of stopping progress. The referees, linesmen and the outsides of the goal are \"in play\" and do not cause a stoppage of the game when the puck or players are influenced (by either bouncing or colliding) into them. <hl> Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. <hl> Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption. When play is stopped, it is restarted with a \"faceoff\". Two players \"face\" each other and an official drops the puck to the ice, where the two players attempt to gain control of the puck. Markings on the ice indicate the locations for the faceoff and guide the positioning of players.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Play can be stopped if the goal is knocked out of position. <hl> Play often proceeds for minutes without interruption.", "paragraph_id": "5d6664022b22cd4dfcfbdd8b"}
{"question": "How was the African economic model different from Europe's?", "paragraph": "As Joseph E. Inikori argues, the history of the region shows that the effects were still quite deleterious. He argues that the African economic model of the period was very different from the European, and could not sustain such population losses. Population reductions in certain areas also led to widespread problems. Inikori also notes that after the suppression of the slave trade Africa's population almost immediately began to rapidly increase, even prior to the introduction of modern medicines.", "answer": "could not sustain such population losses", "sentence": "He argues that the African economic model of the period was very different from the European, and could not sustain such population losses .", "paragraph_sentence": "As Joseph E. Inikori argues, the history of the region shows that the effects were still quite deleterious. <hl> He argues that the African economic model of the period was very different from the European, and could not sustain such population losses . <hl> Population reductions in certain areas also led to widespread problems. Inikori also notes that after the suppression of the slave trade Africa's population almost immediately began to rapidly increase, even prior to the introduction of modern medicines.", "paragraph_answer": "As Joseph E. Inikori argues, the history of the region shows that the effects were still quite deleterious. He argues that the African economic model of the period was very different from the European, and <hl> could not sustain such population losses <hl>. Population reductions in certain areas also led to widespread problems. Inikori also notes that after the suppression of the slave trade Africa's population almost immediately began to rapidly increase, even prior to the introduction of modern medicines.", "sentence_answer": "He argues that the African economic model of the period was very different from the European, and <hl> could not sustain such population losses <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66baa02b22cd4dfcfbe47b"}
{"question": "What are lenses made out of?", "paragraph": "A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly refract radiation other than visible light are also called lenses, such as microwave lenses or acoustic lenses.", "answer": "transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape", "sentence": "Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape .", "paragraph_sentence": "A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. <hl> Lenses are made from transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape . <hl> A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly refract radiation other than visible light are also called lenses, such as microwave lenses or acoustic lenses.", "paragraph_answer": "A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually along a common axis. Lenses are made from <hl> transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape <hl>. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly refract radiation other than visible light are also called lenses, such as microwave lenses or acoustic lenses.", "sentence_answer": "Lenses are made from <hl> transparent materials such as glass, ground and polished to a desired shape <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6767ab2b22cd4dfcfbfa17"}
{"question": "Who was the first European explorer in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "answer": "Adriaen Block", "sentence": "The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block .", "paragraph_sentence": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. <hl> The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer Adriaen Block . <hl> After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "paragraph_answer": "The name Connecticut is derived from anglicized versions of the Algonquian word that has been translated as \"long tidal river\" and \"upon the long river.\" The Connecticut region was inhabited by multiple Native American tribes prior to European settlement and colonization, including the Mohegans, the Pequots, and the Paugusetts. The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer <hl> Adriaen Block <hl>. After he explored this region in 1614, Dutch fur traders sailed up the Connecticut River (then known by the Dutch as Versche Rivier \u2013 \"Fresh River\") and built a fort at Dutch Point in what is present-day Hartford, which they called \"House of Hope\" (Dutch: Huis van Hoop).", "sentence_answer": "The first European explorer in Connecticut was the Dutch explorer <hl> Adriaen Block <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6676582b22cd4dfcfbdffa"}
{"question": "How many of those American Airmen were airlifted with the help of the Chetniks?", "paragraph": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "answer": "356", "sentence": "For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. <hl> For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. <hl> Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and <hl> 356 <hl> with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "sentence_answer": "For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and <hl> 356 <hl> with the help of the Chetniks.", "paragraph_id": "5d6798002b22cd4dfcfbfeb6"}
{"question": "Which city' suburbs has a large Jewish population?", "paragraph": "A Pew survey of Connecticut residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations: Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%,  Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. Jewish congregations had 108,280 (3.2%) members in 2000. The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford. According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church, with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "answer": "West Hartford", "sentence": "The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford .", "paragraph_sentence": "A Pew survey of Connecticut residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations: Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. Jewish congregations had 108,280 (3.2%) members in 2000. <hl> The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of West Hartford . <hl> According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church, with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "paragraph_answer": "A Pew survey of Connecticut residents' religious self-identification showed the following distribution of affiliations: Protestant 27%, Mormonism 0.5%, Jewish 1%, Roman Catholic 43%, Orthodox 1%, Non-religious 23%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Hinduism 0.5%, Buddhism 1% and Islam 0.5%. Jewish congregations had 108,280 (3.2%) members in 2000. The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of <hl> West Hartford <hl>. According to the Association of Religion Data Archives, the largest Christian denominations, by number of adherents, in 2010 were: the Catholic Church, with 1,252,936; the United Church of Christ, with 96,506; and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants, with 72,863.", "sentence_answer": "The Jewish population is concentrated in the towns near Long Island Sound between Greenwich and New Haven, in Greater New Haven and in Greater Hartford, especially the suburb of <hl> West Hartford <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6663452b22cd4dfcfbdd5c"}
{"question": "How is the core that verifies the derivation called?", "paragraph": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input.  Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants.  They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "answer": "\"kernel\".", "sentence": " Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. <hl> Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core \"kernel\". Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. <hl> They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "paragraph_answer": "Some proof verifiers, such as Metamath, insist on having a complete derivation as input. Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core <hl> \"kernel\". <hl> Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants. They may also use formal logics that are stronger than first-order logic, such as type theory. Because a full derivation of any nontrivial result in a first-order deductive system will be extremely long for a human to write, results are often formalized as a series of lemmas, for which derivations can be constructed separately.", "sentence_answer": " Others, such as Mizar and Isabelle, take a well-formatted proof sketch (which may still be very long and detailed) and fill in the missing pieces by doing simple proof searches or applying known decision procedures: the resulting derivation is then verified by a small, core <hl> \"kernel\". <hl> Many such systems are primarily intended for interactive use by human mathematicians: these are known as proof assistants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6675db2b22cd4dfcfbdfd9"}
{"question": "How much does the university spend each year on research?", "paragraph": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC. Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a \"best value\" in higher education by several publications.", "answer": "$900 million", "sentence": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. <hl> A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC. Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a \"best value\" in higher education by several publications.", "paragraph_answer": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly <hl> $900 million <hl> in research and development expenditures. A member of the Association of American Universities, Pitt is the sixth-largest recipient of federally sponsored research funding among U.S. universities in 2013, and it is a major recipient of research funding from the National Institutes of Health. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC. Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a \"best value\" in higher education by several publications.", "sentence_answer": "The university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly <hl> $900 million <hl> in research and development expenditures.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fa7d2b22cd4dfcfbe8c0"}
{"question": "What are two examples of terms that are verbalized as a blend of both words and letter names?", "paragraph": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/.  There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "answer": "JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/", "sentence": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/ .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/ . <hl> There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as <hl> JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/ <hl>. There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as <hl> JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/ <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65b1e82b22cd4dfcfbcb25"}
{"question": "What did Francis Hopkinson ask for as payment for designing the U.S. flag?", "paragraph": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"Quarter Cask of the Public Wine\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "answer": "Quarter Cask of the Public Wine", "sentence": "In this letter, he asked for a \" Quarter Cask of the Public Wine \" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices.", "paragraph_sentence": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. <hl> In this letter, he asked for a \" Quarter Cask of the Public Wine \" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. <hl> However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "paragraph_answer": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"<hl> Quarter Cask of the Public Wine <hl>\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "sentence_answer": "In this letter, he asked for a \" <hl> Quarter Cask of the Public Wine <hl> \" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices.", "paragraph_id": "5d6663ef2b22cd4dfcfbdd84"}
{"question": "What year did Stalin's educational reform occur?", "paragraph": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. Organised religion was repressed, especially minority religious groups. Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism, and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "answer": "1934", "sentence": "Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms.", "paragraph_sentence": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. Organised religion was repressed, especially minority religious groups. <hl> Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in 1934 with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. <hl> Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism, and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "paragraph_answer": "Social developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included the relinquishment of the relaxed social control and allowance of experimentation under Lenin to Stalin's promotion of a rigid and authoritarian society based upon discipline \u2013 mixing traditional Russian values with Stalin's interpretation of Marxism. Organised religion was repressed, especially minority religious groups. Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in <hl> 1934 <hl> with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms. Art and culture became strictly regulated under the principles of Socialist Realism, and Russian traditions that Stalin admired were allowed to continue.", "sentence_answer": "Education was transformed, under Lenin, the education system took allowed relaxed discipline in schools that became based upon Marxist theory, but Stalin reversed this in <hl> 1934 <hl> with a conservative approach taken with the reintroduction of formal learning, the use of examinations and grades, the assertion of full authority of the teacher, and the introduction of school uniforms.", "paragraph_id": "5d67233c2b22cd4dfcfbf03b"}
{"question": "What do entities form the domain of?", "paragraph": "An interpretation (or model) of a first-order formula specifies what each predicate means and the entities that can instantiate the variables. These entities form the domain of discourse or universe, which is usually required to be a nonempty set. For example, in interpretation with the domain of discourse consisting of all human beings and the predicate \"is a philosopher\" understood as \"was the author of the Republic\", the sentence \"There exists a such that a is a philosopher\" is seen as being true, as witnessed by Plato.", "answer": "of discourse or universe", "sentence": "These entities form the domain of discourse or universe , which is usually required to be a nonempty set.", "paragraph_sentence": "An interpretation (or model) of a first-order formula specifies what each predicate means and the entities that can instantiate the variables. <hl> These entities form the domain of discourse or universe , which is usually required to be a nonempty set. <hl> For example, in interpretation with the domain of discourse consisting of all human beings and the predicate \"is a philosopher\" understood as \"was the author of the Republic\", the sentence \"There exists a such that a is a philosopher\" is seen as being true, as witnessed by Plato.", "paragraph_answer": "An interpretation (or model) of a first-order formula specifies what each predicate means and the entities that can instantiate the variables. These entities form the domain <hl> of discourse or universe <hl>, which is usually required to be a nonempty set. For example, in interpretation with the domain of discourse consisting of all human beings and the predicate \"is a philosopher\" understood as \"was the author of the Republic\", the sentence \"There exists a such that a is a philosopher\" is seen as being true, as witnessed by Plato.", "sentence_answer": "These entities form the domain <hl> of discourse or universe <hl> , which is usually required to be a nonempty set.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b67f2b22cd4dfcfbe438"}
{"question": "What type of motion is required for precipitation to occur?", "paragraph": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production.  If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands.  Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones.  Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy.  Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands.  In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation.  On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating.  The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "answer": "upward motion", "sentence": " If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands.", "paragraph_sentence": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. <hl> If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. <hl> Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "paragraph_answer": "Moisture overriding associated with weather fronts is an overall major method of precipitation production. If enough moisture and <hl> upward motion <hl> is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands. Where relatively warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within a cyclone's comma head and within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.", "sentence_answer": " If enough moisture and <hl> upward motion <hl> is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds such as cumulonimbus and can organize into narrow rainbands.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8882b22cd4dfcfc0053"}
{"question": "what is the range of homlessness in San francisco?", "paragraph": "The city of San Francisco, California has a significant and visible homeless problem. Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000\u201310,000 people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. Additionally, there are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $200 million a year on homelessness related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the \"Care Not Cash\" plan which has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. At the same time, grassroots organizations within the Bay Area such as the Suitcase Clinic work to provide referrals for housing and employment to the homeless population[citation needed]. Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day, from 7 am until 11 pm furthering a \"criminalization\" strategy for responding to homelessness.", "answer": "7,000\u201310,000", "sentence": "The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000\u201310,000 people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city of San Francisco, California has a significant and visible homeless problem. Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. <hl> The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000\u201310,000 people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. <hl> Additionally, there are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $200 million a year on homelessness related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the \"Care Not Cash\" plan which has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. At the same time, grassroots organizations within the Bay Area such as the Suitcase Clinic work to provide referrals for housing and employment to the homeless population[citation needed]. Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day, from 7 am until 11 pm furthering a \"criminalization\" strategy for responding to homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "The city of San Francisco, California has a significant and visible homeless problem. Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. The city's homeless population has been estimated at <hl> 7,000\u201310,000 <hl> people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. Additionally, there are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $200 million a year on homelessness related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the \"Care Not Cash\" plan which has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. At the same time, grassroots organizations within the Bay Area such as the Suitcase Clinic work to provide referrals for housing and employment to the homeless population[citation needed]. Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day, from 7 am until 11 pm furthering a \"criminalization\" strategy for responding to homelessness.", "sentence_answer": "The city's homeless population has been estimated at <hl> 7,000\u201310,000 <hl> people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8ee2b22cd4dfcfbd237"}
{"question": "Where was Gregory consecrated?", "paragraph": "Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. Upon his return, Gregory tore down shrines to idols, built churches and monasteries, and ordained many priests and bishops. While meditating in the old capital city of Vagharshapat, Gregory had a vision of Christ's coming to the earth to strike it with a hammer. From the spot rose a great Christian temple with a huge cross. He was convinced that God intended him to build the main Armenian church there. With the king's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. He renamed the city Etchmiadzin, which means \"the place of the descent of the only-begotten\".", "answer": "Caesarea", "sentence": "Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. <hl> Upon his return, Gregory tore down shrines to idols, built churches and monasteries, and ordained many priests and bishops. While meditating in the old capital city of Vagharshapat, Gregory had a vision of Christ's coming to the earth to strike it with a hammer. From the spot rose a great Christian temple with a huge cross. He was convinced that God intended him to build the main Armenian church there. With the king's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. He renamed the city Etchmiadzin, which means \"the place of the descent of the only-begotten\".", "paragraph_answer": "Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to <hl> Caesarea <hl> to be consecrated. Upon his return, Gregory tore down shrines to idols, built churches and monasteries, and ordained many priests and bishops. While meditating in the old capital city of Vagharshapat, Gregory had a vision of Christ's coming to the earth to strike it with a hammer. From the spot rose a great Christian temple with a huge cross. He was convinced that God intended him to build the main Armenian church there. With the king's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. He renamed the city Etchmiadzin, which means \"the place of the descent of the only-begotten\".", "sentence_answer": "Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to <hl> Caesarea <hl> to be consecrated.", "paragraph_id": "5d65884a2b22cd4dfcfbca1a"}
{"question": "How many African Americans settled in Liberia?", "paragraph": "In 1816, a group of wealthy European-Americans, some of whom were abolitionists and others who were racial segregationists, founded the American Colonization Society with the express desire of returning African Americans who were in the United States to West Africa. In 1820, they sent their first ship to Liberia, and within a decade around two thousand African Americans had been settled in the west African country. Such re-settlement continued throughout the 19th century, increasing following the deterioration of race relations in the southern states of the US following Reconstruction in 1877.", "answer": "around two thousand", "sentence": "In 1820, they sent their first ship to Liberia, and within a decade around two thousand African Americans had been settled in the west African country.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1816, a group of wealthy European-Americans, some of whom were abolitionists and others who were racial segregationists, founded the American Colonization Society with the express desire of returning African Americans who were in the United States to West Africa. <hl> In 1820, they sent their first ship to Liberia, and within a decade around two thousand African Americans had been settled in the west African country. <hl> Such re-settlement continued throughout the 19th century, increasing following the deterioration of race relations in the southern states of the US following Reconstruction in 1877.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1816, a group of wealthy European-Americans, some of whom were abolitionists and others who were racial segregationists, founded the American Colonization Society with the express desire of returning African Americans who were in the United States to West Africa. In 1820, they sent their first ship to Liberia, and within a decade <hl> around two thousand <hl> African Americans had been settled in the west African country. Such re-settlement continued throughout the 19th century, increasing following the deterioration of race relations in the southern states of the US following Reconstruction in 1877.", "sentence_answer": "In 1820, they sent their first ship to Liberia, and within a decade <hl> around two thousand <hl> African Americans had been settled in the west African country.", "paragraph_id": "5d66857c2b22cd4dfcfbe197"}
{"question": "What year did President Obama sign the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act?", "paragraph": "In February 2009, President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008. Part of the Act addressed homelessness prevention, in which he allocated an additional $1.5 billion to HUD for the \"Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Rehousing Program (HPRP).\" The purpose of HPRP was to assist individuals and families who are otherwise healthy and not chronically homeless in escaping homelessness or preventing homelessness of the vulnerable population. HPRP grant monies were distributed to localities in the same formula used for Emergency Shelter Grants (ESG) in amounts not to exceed $500,000 and must be used within three years. Primary grantee activities include short-term and medium-term rental assistance and housing relocation and stabilization services, including mediation, credit counseling, security or utility deposits, utility payments, moving cost assistance, and case management.", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "In February 2009 , President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In February 2009 , President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008. <hl> Part of the Act addressed homelessness prevention, in which he allocated an additional $1.5 billion to HUD for the \"Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Rehousing Program (HPRP).\" The purpose of HPRP was to assist individuals and families who are otherwise healthy and not chronically homeless in escaping homelessness or preventing homelessness of the vulnerable population. HPRP grant monies were distributed to localities in the same formula used for Emergency Shelter Grants (ESG) in amounts not to exceed $500,000 and must be used within three years. Primary grantee activities include short-term and medium-term rental assistance and housing relocation and stabilization services, including mediation, credit counseling, security or utility deposits, utility payments, moving cost assistance, and case management.", "paragraph_answer": "In February <hl> 2009 <hl>, President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008. Part of the Act addressed homelessness prevention, in which he allocated an additional $1.5 billion to HUD for the \"Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Rehousing Program (HPRP).\" The purpose of HPRP was to assist individuals and families who are otherwise healthy and not chronically homeless in escaping homelessness or preventing homelessness of the vulnerable population. HPRP grant monies were distributed to localities in the same formula used for Emergency Shelter Grants (ESG) in amounts not to exceed $500,000 and must be used within three years. Primary grantee activities include short-term and medium-term rental assistance and housing relocation and stabilization services, including mediation, credit counseling, security or utility deposits, utility payments, moving cost assistance, and case management.", "sentence_answer": "In February <hl> 2009 <hl> , President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which was part of the President's effort to save or create 3.5 million jobs in the United States to mitigate the effects of the economic recession begun in 2008.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f0fd2b22cd4dfcfbd356"}
{"question": "What did Istanbul Park host?", "paragraph": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "answer": "Turkish Grand Prix", "sentence": "Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix ; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. <hl> Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual Turkish Grand Prix ; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. <hl> The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul Park was a stop on the World Touring Car Championship circuit and the European Le Mans Series in 2005 and 2006, but the track has not seen either of these competitions since then. Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual <hl> Turkish Grand Prix <hl>; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles. The Istanbul Sailing Club, established in 1952, hosts races, showcases, and events on the waterways in and around Istanbul each year. The Turkish Offshore Racing Club also hosts major races, with its most prestigious being its race for the Marine Forces Trophy. Istanbul was also an occasional stop on the F1 Powerboat World Championship circuit, although its last appearance on the Bosphorus was in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "Between its opening in 2005 and 2011, Istanbul Park also hosted the annual <hl> Turkish Grand Prix <hl> ; its future remains uncertain due to financial troubles.", "paragraph_id": "5d66069d2b22cd4dfcfbd5fe"}
{"question": "Which political party is associated with the color red?", "paragraph": "Traditionally the party had no consistent color identity. After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans. That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee Al Gore were colored blue. Although the assignment of colors to political parties is unofficial and informal, the media has come to represent the respective political parties using these colors. The party and its candidates have also come to embrace the color red.", "answer": "Republicans", "sentence": "After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans .", "paragraph_sentence": "Traditionally the party had no consistent color identity. <hl> After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with Republicans . <hl> That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee Al Gore were colored blue. Although the assignment of colors to political parties is unofficial and informal, the media has come to represent the respective political parties using these colors. The party and its candidates have also come to embrace the color red.", "paragraph_answer": "Traditionally the party had no consistent color identity. After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with <hl> Republicans <hl>. That election night, for the first time, all of the major broadcast networks used the same color scheme for the electoral map: states won by Republican nominee George W. Bush were colored red, and states won by Democratic nominee Al Gore were colored blue. Although the assignment of colors to political parties is unofficial and informal, the media has come to represent the respective political parties using these colors. The party and its candidates have also come to embrace the color red.", "sentence_answer": "After the 2000 election, the color red became associated with <hl> Republicans <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6736f32b22cd4dfcfbf2c2"}
{"question": "What do these types of atheists believe?", "paragraph": "The Marxism\u2013Leninist worldview promotes atheism as a fundamental tenet. Marxist\u2013Leninist atheism has its roots in the philosophy of Ludwig Feuerbach, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Marx, and Lenin. Materialism, the philosophical standpoint that the universe exists independently of human consciousness, consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism\u2013Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism. Vitaly Ginzburg, a Soviet physicist, wrote that the \"Bolshevik communists were not merely atheists, but, according to Lenin's terminology, militant atheists.\" Therefore, many Marxist\u2013Leninist states, historically and currently, are also atheist states. Under these regimes, several religions and their adherents were targeted to be \"stamped out\".", "answer": "the universe exists independently of human consciousness", "sentence": "that the universe exists independently of human consciousness , consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism\u2013Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Marxism\u2013Leninist worldview promotes atheism as a fundamental tenet. Marxist\u2013Leninist atheism has its roots in the philosophy of Ludwig Feuerbach, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Marx, and Lenin. Materialism, the philosophical standpoint <hl> that the universe exists independently of human consciousness , consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism\u2013Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism. <hl> Vitaly Ginzburg, a Soviet physicist, wrote that the \"Bolshevik communists were not merely atheists, but, according to Lenin's terminology, militant atheists.\" Therefore, many Marxist\u2013Leninist states, historically and currently, are also atheist states. Under these regimes, several religions and their adherents were targeted to be \"stamped out\".", "paragraph_answer": "The Marxism\u2013Leninist worldview promotes atheism as a fundamental tenet. Marxist\u2013Leninist atheism has its roots in the philosophy of Ludwig Feuerbach, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Marx, and Lenin. Materialism, the philosophical standpoint that <hl> the universe exists independently of human consciousness <hl>, consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism\u2013Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism. Vitaly Ginzburg, a Soviet physicist, wrote that the \"Bolshevik communists were not merely atheists, but, according to Lenin's terminology, militant atheists.\" Therefore, many Marxist\u2013Leninist states, historically and currently, are also atheist states. Under these regimes, several religions and their adherents were targeted to be \"stamped out\".", "sentence_answer": "that <hl> the universe exists independently of human consciousness <hl> , consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism\u2013Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707b52b22cd4dfcfbeb39"}
{"question": "How many meetings are there per year?", "paragraph": "The University's Board of Trustees maintains ultimate legal authority, governance, and responsibility for the university but specifically reserves authority over selecting the university's Chancellor; approval of major policies, particularly those related to the fiduciary responsibilities of the Board; and the definition of the university's mission and goals. It is made up of 36 voting members: Chancellor, 17 Term Trustees elected by the Board, 6 Alumni Trustees elected by the board on nomination from the Alumni Association Board of Directors, and 12 Commonwealth trustees. The Governor of Pennsylvania, the President Pro Tempore of the Pennsylvania Senate, and the Speaker of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives each appoints four of the 12 Commonwealth trustees. Additional non-voting trustees include 14 Special Trustees and additional Emeritus Trustees selected by the Board. Non-voting ex-officio members include the Governor of Pennsylvania, the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the Chief Executive of Allegheny County, and the Mayor of Pittsburgh. There are three or more regular meetings of the Board of Trustees per year.", "answer": "There are three or more regular meetings of the Board of Trustees per year.", "sentence": "There are three or more regular meetings of the Board of Trustees per year.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University's Board of Trustees maintains ultimate legal authority, governance, and responsibility for the university but specifically reserves authority over selecting the university's Chancellor; approval of major policies, particularly those related to the fiduciary responsibilities of the Board; and the definition of the university's mission and goals. It is made up of 36 voting members: Chancellor, 17 Term Trustees elected by the Board, 6 Alumni Trustees elected by the board on nomination from the Alumni Association Board of Directors, and 12 Commonwealth trustees. The Governor of Pennsylvania, the President Pro Tempore of the Pennsylvania Senate, and the Speaker of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives each appoints four of the 12 Commonwealth trustees. Additional non-voting trustees include 14 Special Trustees and additional Emeritus Trustees selected by the Board. Non-voting ex-officio members include the Governor of Pennsylvania, the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the Chief Executive of Allegheny County, and the Mayor of Pittsburgh. <hl> There are three or more regular meetings of the Board of Trustees per year. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The University's Board of Trustees maintains ultimate legal authority, governance, and responsibility for the university but specifically reserves authority over selecting the university's Chancellor; approval of major policies, particularly those related to the fiduciary responsibilities of the Board; and the definition of the university's mission and goals. It is made up of 36 voting members: Chancellor, 17 Term Trustees elected by the Board, 6 Alumni Trustees elected by the board on nomination from the Alumni Association Board of Directors, and 12 Commonwealth trustees. The Governor of Pennsylvania, the President Pro Tempore of the Pennsylvania Senate, and the Speaker of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives each appoints four of the 12 Commonwealth trustees. Additional non-voting trustees include 14 Special Trustees and additional Emeritus Trustees selected by the Board. Non-voting ex-officio members include the Governor of Pennsylvania, the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the Chief Executive of Allegheny County, and the Mayor of Pittsburgh. <hl> There are three or more regular meetings of the Board of Trustees per year. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> There are three or more regular meetings of the Board of Trustees per year. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6744522b22cd4dfcfbf471"}
{"question": "What might an Indian surname denote?", "paragraph": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "answer": "caste, profession, and village", "sentence": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. <hl> However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Indian surnames may often denote <hl> caste, profession, and village <hl> and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Indian surnames may often denote <hl> caste, profession, and village <hl> and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a5362b22cd4dfcfbfee2"}
{"question": "As the slave trade progressed, what happened to mortality rates among slaves on the voyages?", "paragraph": "Raymond L. Cohn, an economics professor whose research has focused on economic history and international migration, has researched the mortality rates among Africans during the voyages of the Atlantic slave trade. He found that mortality rates decreased over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining. \"In the eighteenth century many slave voyages took at least 2\u00bd months. In the nineteenth century, 2 months appears to have been the maximum length of the voyage, and many voyages were far shorter. Fewer slaves died in the Middle Passage over time mainly because the passage was shorter.\"", "answer": "decreased", "sentence": "He found that mortality rates decreased over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining.", "paragraph_sentence": "Raymond L. Cohn, an economics professor whose research has focused on economic history and international migration, has researched the mortality rates among Africans during the voyages of the Atlantic slave trade. <hl> He found that mortality rates decreased over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining. <hl> \"In the eighteenth century many slave voyages took at least 2\u00bd months. In the nineteenth century, 2 months appears to have been the maximum length of the voyage, and many voyages were far shorter. Fewer slaves died in the Middle Passage over time mainly because the passage was shorter.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Raymond L. Cohn, an economics professor whose research has focused on economic history and international migration, has researched the mortality rates among Africans during the voyages of the Atlantic slave trade. He found that mortality rates <hl> decreased <hl> over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining. \"In the eighteenth century many slave voyages took at least 2\u00bd months. In the nineteenth century, 2 months appears to have been the maximum length of the voyage, and many voyages were far shorter. Fewer slaves died in the Middle Passage over time mainly because the passage was shorter.\"", "sentence_answer": "He found that mortality rates <hl> decreased <hl> over the history of the slave trade, primarily because the length of time necessary for the voyage was declining.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d99c2b22cd4dfcfbcf08"}
{"question": "Import from which country had an unifying effect on British colonies of North America?", "paragraph": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "answer": "Britain", "sentence": "The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume.", "paragraph_sentence": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. <hl> The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. <hl> Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "paragraph_answer": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in <hl> Britain <hl> were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "sentence_answer": "The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in <hl> Britain <hl> were producing much more than the nation could consume.", "paragraph_id": "5d676b992b22cd4dfcfbface"}
{"question": "How many people are aging in the population?", "paragraph": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "answer": "elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9%", "sentence": "The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9% , with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. <hl> The elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9% , with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The New York City Department of City Planning projects that Manhattan's population will increase by 289,000 people between 2000 and 2030, an increase of 18.8% over the period, second only to Staten Island, while the rest of the city is projected to grow by 12.7% over the same period. The school-age population is expected to grow 4.4% by 2030, in contrast to a small decline in the city as a whole. The <hl> elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9% <hl>, with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> elderly population is forecast to grow by 57.9% <hl> , with the borough adding 108,000 persons ages 65 and over, compared to 44.2% growth citywide.", "paragraph_id": "5d67614e2b22cd4dfcfbf946"}
{"question": "What is one reason for implementing top-down decentralization?", "paragraph": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt.  Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "answer": "mutually desired", "sentence": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \" mutually desired \" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_sentence": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. <hl> They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \" mutually desired \" combination of authorities and localities working together. <hl> Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "paragraph_answer": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"<hl> mutually desired <hl>\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "sentence_answer": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \" <hl> mutually desired <hl> \" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671e12b22cd4dfcfbdf2d"}
{"question": "In which century were Republican presidents such as Eisenhower and Nixon elected?", "paragraph": "The second half of the 20th century saw election or succession of Republican presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush. Eisenhower had defeated conservative leader Senator Robert A. Taft for the 1952 nomination, but conservatives dominated the domestic policies of the Eisenhower Administration. Voters liked Ike much more than they liked the GOP, and he proved unable to shift the party to a more moderate position. After 1970, the liberal wing faded away.", "answer": "20th century", "sentence": "The second half of the 20th century saw election or succession of Republican presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The second half of the 20th century saw election or succession of Republican presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush. <hl> Eisenhower had defeated conservative leader Senator Robert A. Taft for the 1952 nomination, but conservatives dominated the domestic policies of the Eisenhower Administration. Voters liked Ike much more than they liked the GOP, and he proved unable to shift the party to a more moderate position. After 1970, the liberal wing faded away.", "paragraph_answer": "The second half of the <hl> 20th century <hl> saw election or succession of Republican presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush. Eisenhower had defeated conservative leader Senator Robert A. Taft for the 1952 nomination, but conservatives dominated the domestic policies of the Eisenhower Administration. Voters liked Ike much more than they liked the GOP, and he proved unable to shift the party to a more moderate position. After 1970, the liberal wing faded away.", "sentence_answer": "The second half of the <hl> 20th century <hl> saw election or succession of Republican presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush.", "paragraph_id": "5d6745302b22cd4dfcfbf48d"}
{"question": "When did the North Western Railway initially open?", "paragraph": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "answer": "1851", "sentence": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851 , the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in 1851 , the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. <hl> The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in <hl> 1851 <hl>, the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham. The distance from Oxford to London was 78 miles (125.5 km) via Bletchley; 63.5 miles (102.2 km) via Didcot and Reading; 63.25 miles (101.8 km) via Thame and Maidenhead; and 55.75 miles (89.7 km) via Denham. Only the original (Didcot) route is still in use for its full length, portions of the others remain.", "sentence_answer": "In 1844, the Great Western Railway linked Oxford with London (Paddington) via Didcot and Reading; in <hl> 1851 <hl> , the London and North Western Railway opened its own route from Oxford to London (Euston), via Bicester, Bletchley and Watford; and in 1864 a third route, also to Paddington, running via Thame, High Wycombe and Maidenhead, was provided; this was shortened in 1906 by the opening of a direct route between High Wycombe and London (Paddington) by way of Denham.", "paragraph_id": "5d6738722b22cd4dfcfbf2dd"}
{"question": "What's the key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime?", "paragraph": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise. 91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. Importantly, Lenin declared that the development of socialism would not be able to be pursued in the manner originally thought by Marxists. Lenin stated \"Our poverty is so great that we cannot at one stroke restore full-scale factory, state, socialist production\". A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. Orthodox Marxists claimed at the time that Russia was ripe for the development of capitalism, not yet for socialism. Lenin advocated the need of the development of a large corps of technical intelligentsia to assist the industrial development of Russia and thus advance the Marxist economic stages of development, as it had too few technical experts at the time. The New Economic Policy was tumultuous; economic recovery took place but alongside famine (1921\u20131922) and a financial crisis (1924). However, by 1924, considerable economic progress had been achieved and by 1926 the economy regained its 1913 production level.", "answer": "backward economic conditions in Russia", "sentence": "A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise. 91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. Importantly, Lenin declared that the development of socialism would not be able to be pursued in the manner originally thought by Marxists. Lenin stated \"Our poverty is so great that we cannot at one stroke restore full-scale factory, state, socialist production\". <hl> A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. <hl> Orthodox Marxists claimed at the time that Russia was ripe for the development of capitalism, not yet for socialism. Lenin advocated the need of the development of a large corps of technical intelligentsia to assist the industrial development of Russia and thus advance the Marxist economic stages of development, as it had too few technical experts at the time. The New Economic Policy was tumultuous; economic recovery took place but alongside famine (1921\u20131922) and a financial crisis (1924). However, by 1924, considerable economic progress had been achieved and by 1926 the economy regained its 1913 production level.", "paragraph_answer": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise. 91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. Importantly, Lenin declared that the development of socialism would not be able to be pursued in the manner originally thought by Marxists. Lenin stated \"Our poverty is so great that we cannot at one stroke restore full-scale factory, state, socialist production\". A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the <hl> backward economic conditions in Russia <hl> that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. Orthodox Marxists claimed at the time that Russia was ripe for the development of capitalism, not yet for socialism. Lenin advocated the need of the development of a large corps of technical intelligentsia to assist the industrial development of Russia and thus advance the Marxist economic stages of development, as it had too few technical experts at the time. The New Economic Policy was tumultuous; economic recovery took place but alongside famine (1921\u20131922) and a financial crisis (1924). However, by 1924, considerable economic progress had been achieved and by 1926 the economy regained its 1913 production level.", "sentence_answer": "A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the <hl> backward economic conditions in Russia <hl> that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d675cda2b22cd4dfcfbf891"}
{"question": "How is the element depiction in low relief subjects seen?", "paragraph": "High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are \"squashed\" flatter. High-relief thus uses essentially the same style and techniques as free-standing sculpture, and in the case of a single figure gives largely the same view as a person standing directly in front of a free-standing statue would have. All cultures and periods in which large sculptures were created used this technique in monumental sculpture and architecture.", "answer": "seen are \"squashed\" flatter", "sentence": "The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are \"squashed\" flatter .", "paragraph_sentence": "High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. <hl> The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements seen are \"squashed\" flatter . <hl> High-relief thus uses essentially the same style and techniques as free-standing sculpture, and in the case of a single figure gives largely the same view as a person standing directly in front of a free-standing statue would have. All cultures and periods in which large sculptures were created used this technique in monumental sculpture and architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "High relief (or altorilievo, from Italian) is where in general more than half the mass of the sculpted figure projects from the background, indeed the most prominent elements of the composition, especially heads and limbs, are often completely undercut, detaching them from the field. The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements <hl> seen are \"squashed\" flatter <hl>. High-relief thus uses essentially the same style and techniques as free-standing sculpture, and in the case of a single figure gives largely the same view as a person standing directly in front of a free-standing statue would have. All cultures and periods in which large sculptures were created used this technique in monumental sculpture and architecture.", "sentence_answer": "The parts of the subject that are seen are normally depicted at their full depth, unlike low relief where the elements <hl> seen are \"squashed\" flatter <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67fae32b22cd4dfcfc04c7"}
{"question": "which theory used in structural engineering?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "answer": "applied physical laws", "sentence": "Structural engineering theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineering theory is based upon applied physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. <hl> Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineering theory is based upon <hl> applied physical laws <hl> and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems. Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements and materials to achieve these goals.", "sentence_answer": "Structural engineering theory is based upon <hl> applied physical laws <hl> and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6771f52b22cd4dfcfbfc0b"}
{"question": "How did Marc. Bekoff and Jessica Pierce define morality?", "paragraph": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). They define morality as \"a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups.\" This suite of behaviors includes empathy, reciprocity, altruism, cooperation, and a sense of fairness. In related work, it has been convincingly demonstrated that chimpanzees show empathy for each other in a wide variety of contexts. They also possess the ability to engage in deception, and a level of social politics prototypical of our own tendencies for gossip and reputation management.", "answer": "a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups", "sentence": "They define morality as \" a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). <hl> They define morality as \" a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups .\" <hl> This suite of behaviors includes empathy, reciprocity, altruism, cooperation, and a sense of fairness. In related work, it has been convincingly demonstrated that chimpanzees show empathy for each other in a wide variety of contexts. They also possess the ability to engage in deception, and a level of social politics prototypical of our own tendencies for gossip and reputation management.", "paragraph_answer": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). They define morality as \"<hl> a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups <hl>.\" This suite of behaviors includes empathy, reciprocity, altruism, cooperation, and a sense of fairness. In related work, it has been convincingly demonstrated that chimpanzees show empathy for each other in a wide variety of contexts. They also possess the ability to engage in deception, and a level of social politics prototypical of our own tendencies for gossip and reputation management.", "sentence_answer": "They define morality as \" <hl> a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d67656d2b22cd4dfcfbf9cd"}
{"question": "The Chrysler Building reaches to what height?", "paragraph": "The Roaring Twenties saw a race to the sky, with three separate buildings pursuing the world's tallest title in the span of a year. As the stock market soared in the days before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, two developers publicly competed for the crown. At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. Both buildings were soon surpassed, with the May 1931 completion of the 102-story Empire State Building with its Art Deco tower soaring 1,250 feet (380 m) to the top of the building. The 203-foot (62 m) high pinnacle was later added bringing the total height of the building to 1,453 ft (443 m).", "answer": "1,046 feet", "sentence": "At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Roaring Twenties saw a race to the sky, with three separate buildings pursuing the world's tallest title in the span of a year. As the stock market soared in the days before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, two developers publicly competed for the crown. At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. <hl> At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to 1,046 feet (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. <hl> Both buildings were soon surpassed, with the May 1931 completion of the 102-story Empire State Building with its Art Deco tower soaring 1,250 feet (380 m) to the top of the building. The 203-foot (62 m) high pinnacle was later added bringing the total height of the building to 1,453 ft (443 m).", "paragraph_answer": "The Roaring Twenties saw a race to the sky, with three separate buildings pursuing the world's tallest title in the span of a year. As the stock market soared in the days before the Wall Street Crash of 1929, two developers publicly competed for the crown. At 927 feet (283 m), 40 Wall Street, completed in May 1930 in an astonishing eleven months as the headquarters of the Bank of Manhattan, seemed to have secured the title. At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to <hl> 1,046 feet <hl> (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929. Both buildings were soon surpassed, with the May 1931 completion of the 102-story Empire State Building with its Art Deco tower soaring 1,250 feet (380 m) to the top of the building. The 203-foot (62 m) high pinnacle was later added bringing the total height of the building to 1,453 ft (443 m).", "sentence_answer": "At Lexington Avenue and 42nd Street, auto executive Walter Chrysler and his architect William Van Alen developed plans to build the structure's trademark 185-foot (56 m) high spire in secret, pushing the Chrysler Building to <hl> 1,046 feet <hl> (319 m) and making it the tallest in the world when it was completed in 1929.", "paragraph_id": "5d6724f12b22cd4dfcfbf099"}
{"question": "What two bodies of water does Istanbul sit between?", "paragraph": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side.\nThe city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "answer": "between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea", "sentence": "Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea .", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. <hl> Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea . <hl> Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul (/\u02cc\u026ast\u00e6n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/ or /\u02cci\u02d0st\u0251\u02d0n\u02c8bu\u02d0l/; Turkish: \u0130stanbul [is\u02c8tanbu\u026b] (listen)), historically also known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait <hl> between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea <hl>. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as world's 6th-largest city proper and the largest European city.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait <hl> between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d9372b22cd4dfcfbcef6"}
{"question": "What two things have some postmodern composers been influenced by?", "paragraph": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions.", "answer": "popular music and world ethnic musical traditions", "sentence": "Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions .", "paragraph_sentence": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. <hl> Some composers have been openly influenced by popular music and world ethnic musical traditions . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The postmodern impulse in classical music arose in the 1960s with the advent of musical minimalism. Composers such as Terry Riley, Henryk G\u00f3recki, Bradley Joseph, John Adams, Steve Reich, Philip Glass, Michael Nyman, and Lou Harrison reacted to the perceived elitism and dissonant sound of atonal academic modernism by producing music with simple textures and relatively consonant harmonies, whilst others, most notably John Cage challenged the prevailing narratives of beauty and objectivity common to Modernism. Some composers have been openly influenced by <hl> popular music and world ethnic musical traditions <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Some composers have been openly influenced by <hl> popular music and world ethnic musical traditions <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6723b22b22cd4dfcfbf060"}
{"question": "Many africans were forced to take surnames of who?", "paragraph": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\".  During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "answer": "their slave masters", "sentence": " During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\". <hl> During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of their slave masters and any given name the slave master desired. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Ornamental names used as surnames are more common in communities which adopted (or were forced to adopt) surnames in the 18th and 19th centuries. They occur commonly among Jewish families and in Scandinavia. Examples include \"Morgenstern\" (\"morning star\"), \"Safire\" (\"sapphire\"), and \"Reis\" (\"branch\"). In some cases, such as Chinese Indonesians and Chinese Thais, certain ethnic groups are subject to political pressure to change their surnames, in which case surnames can lose their family-name meaning. For instance, Indonesian business tycoon Liem Swie Liong (\u6797\u7ecd\u826f) \"indonesianised\" his name to Sudono Salim. In this case \"Liem\" (\u6797) was rendered by \"Salim\", a name of Arabic origin, while \"Sudono\", a Javanese name with the honorific prefix \"su-\" (of Sanskrit origin), was supposed[by whom?] to be a rendering of \"Swie Liong\". During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of <hl> their slave masters <hl> and any given name the slave master desired.", "sentence_answer": " During the era of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade (of Africans) many Africans lost their native names and were forced[by whom?] to take the surnames of <hl> their slave masters <hl> and any given name the slave master desired.", "paragraph_id": "5d66efdb2b22cd4dfcfbe625"}
{"question": "How are  the terms URL and IRA pronounced?", "paragraph": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/.  There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/, respectively.[citation needed]", "answer": "as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/", "sentence": "For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/ , respectively.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/. There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. <hl> For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/ , respectively.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There is no rule on what to call abbreviations whose pronunciation involves the combination of letter names and words, such as JPEG /\u02c8d\u0292e\u026ap\u025b\u0261/ and MS-DOS /\u02cc\u025bm\u025bs\u02c8d\u0252s/. There is also some disagreement as to what to call abbreviations that some speakers pronounce as letters and others pronounce as a word. For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced <hl> as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/ <hl>, respectively.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "For example, the terms URL and IRA can be pronounced <hl> as individual letters: /\u02ccju\u02d0\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8\u025bl/ and /\u02cca\u026a\u02cc\u0251\u02d0r\u02c8e\u026a/, respectively; or as a single word: /\u02c8\u025c\u02d0rl/ and /\u02c8a\u026a\u0259r\u0259/ <hl> , respectively.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d65b1e82b22cd4dfcfbcb27"}
{"question": "What was the venue for the first organized indoor game of hockey?", "paragraph": "While the game's origins lie elsewhere, Montreal is at the center of the development of the sport of contemporary ice hockey. On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. Instead of a ball or bung, the game featured a \"flat circular piece of wood\" (to keep it in the rink and to protect spectators). The goal posts were 8 feet (2.4 m) apart (today's goals are six feet wide).", "answer": "Victoria Skating Rink", "sentence": "On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students.", "paragraph_sentence": "While the game's origins lie elsewhere, Montreal is at the center of the development of the sport of contemporary ice hockey. <hl> On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. <hl> Instead of a ball or bung, the game featured a \"flat circular piece of wood\" (to keep it in the rink and to protect spectators). The goal posts were 8 feet (2.4 m) apart (today's goals are six feet wide).", "paragraph_answer": "While the game's origins lie elsewhere, Montreal is at the center of the development of the sport of contemporary ice hockey. On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's <hl> Victoria Skating Rink <hl> between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students. Instead of a ball or bung, the game featured a \"flat circular piece of wood\" (to keep it in the rink and to protect spectators). The goal posts were 8 feet (2.4 m) apart (today's goals are six feet wide).", "sentence_answer": "On March 3, 1875, the first organized indoor game was played at Montreal's <hl> Victoria Skating Rink <hl> between two nine-player teams, including James Creighton and several McGill University students.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e17c2b22cd4dfcfbd0c6"}
{"question": "What does neuroscience focus on?", "paragraph": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "answer": "how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions", "sentence": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. <hl> In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "paragraph_answer": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include <hl> how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions <hl> such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory. In other words, they address how these neural circuits function and the mechanisms through which behaviors are generated. For example, systems level analysis addresses questions concerning specific sensory and motor modalities: how does vision work? How do songbirds learn new songs and bats localize with ultrasound? How does the somatosensory system process tactile information? The related fields of neuroethology and neuropsychology address the question of how neural substrates underlie specific animal and human behaviors. Neuroendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology examine interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine and immune systems, respectively. Despite many advancements, the way networks of neurons produce complex cognitions and behaviors is still poorly understood.", "sentence_answer": "At the systems level, the questions addressed in systems neuroscience include <hl> how neural circuits are formed and used anatomically and physiologically to produce functions <hl> such as reflexes, multisensory integration, motor coordination, circadian rhythms, emotional responses, learning, and memory.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b3d82b22cd4dfcfbffdb"}
{"question": "How many years curriculum is medical school in Tunisia?", "paragraph": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis.  There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of five years.  The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties.  During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty.  After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "answer": "five years.", "sentence": "Medical school curriculum consists of five years.  The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis. There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. <hl> Medical school curriculum consists of five years. The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties. <hl> During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty. After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "paragraph_answer": "In Tunisia, education is free for all Tunisian citizens and for foreigners who have scholarships. The oldest Medical school is a faculty of the University of Tunis. There are four medicine faculties situated in the major cities of Tunis, Sfax, Sousse and Monastir. Admission is bound to the success and score in the baccalaureate examination. Admission score threshold is very high, based on competition among all applicants throughout the nation. Medical school curriculum consists of <hl> five years. <hl> The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties. During these last three years, the student gets the status of \"Externe\". The student has to attend at the university hospital every day, rotating around all wards. Every period is followed by a clinical exam regarding the student's knowledge in that particular specialty. After those five years, there are two years on internship, in which the student is a physician but under the supervision of the chief doctor; the student rotates over the major and most essential specialties during period of four months each. After that, student has the choice of either passing the residency national exam or extending his internship for another year, after which he gains the status of family physician. The residency program consists of four to five years in the specialty he qualifies, depending on his score in the national residency examination under the rule of highest score chooses first. Whether the student chooses to be a family doctor or a specialist, he has to write a doctoral thesis, which he will be defending in front of a jury, after which he gains his degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD).", "sentence_answer": "Medical school curriculum consists of <hl> five years. <hl> The first two years are medical theory, containing all basic sciences related to medicine, and the last three years consists of clinical issues related to all medical specialties.", "paragraph_id": "5d6658c52b22cd4dfcfbdc72"}
{"question": "Studies show that raising the wage leads to more earnings and decreases what, without compromising employment?", "paragraph": "President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. In fact, leading economists like Lawrence Katz, Richard Freeman, and Laura Tyson and businesses like Costco, Wal-Mart, and Stride Rite have supported past increases to the minimum wage, in part because increasing worker productivity and purchasing power for consumers will also help the overall economy.\"", "answer": "poverty", "sentence": "President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality...", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce poverty and inequality... <hl> A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. In fact, leading economists like Lawrence Katz, Richard Freeman, and Laura Tyson and businesses like Costco, Wal-Mart, and Stride Rite have supported past increases to the minimum wage, in part because increasing worker productivity and purchasing power for consumers will also help the overall economy.\"", "paragraph_answer": "President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce <hl> poverty <hl> and inequality...A range of economic studies show that modestly raising the minimum wage increases earnings and reduces poverty without jeopardizing employment. In fact, leading economists like Lawrence Katz, Richard Freeman, and Laura Tyson and businesses like Costco, Wal-Mart, and Stride Rite have supported past increases to the minimum wage, in part because increasing worker productivity and purchasing power for consumers will also help the overall economy.\"", "sentence_answer": "President Obama advocated raising the minimum wage during February 2013: \"The President is calling on Congress to raise the minimum wage from $7.25 to $9 in stages by the end of 2015 and index it to inflation thereafter, which would directly boost wages for 15 million workers and reduce <hl> poverty <hl> and inequality...", "paragraph_id": "5d67b1812b22cd4dfcfbffb4"}
{"question": "What kind of policies were adopted following early Soviet losses in the war?", "paragraph": "The German invasion of the Soviet Union resulted in the substantial realignment of multiple Soviet policies. The Soviet Union was brought into World War II and joined the Western Allies in a common front against the Axis Powers. The war brought the threat of physical disintegration of the Soviet Union, as German forces were initially welcomed as liberators by many Belarussians, Georgians,[citation needed] and Ukrainians.[failed verification] Soviet forces initially faced disastrous losses from 1941 to 1942. Stalin enacted total war policy in response.[failed verification]", "answer": "total war", "sentence": "Stalin enacted total war policy in response.[failed verification]", "paragraph_sentence": "The German invasion of the Soviet Union resulted in the substantial realignment of multiple Soviet policies. The Soviet Union was brought into World War II and joined the Western Allies in a common front against the Axis Powers. The war brought the threat of physical disintegration of the Soviet Union, as German forces were initially welcomed as liberators by many Belarussians, Georgians,[citation needed] and Ukrainians.[failed verification] Soviet forces initially faced disastrous losses from 1941 to 1942. <hl> Stalin enacted total war policy in response.[failed verification] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The German invasion of the Soviet Union resulted in the substantial realignment of multiple Soviet policies. The Soviet Union was brought into World War II and joined the Western Allies in a common front against the Axis Powers. The war brought the threat of physical disintegration of the Soviet Union, as German forces were initially welcomed as liberators by many Belarussians, Georgians,[citation needed] and Ukrainians.[failed verification] Soviet forces initially faced disastrous losses from 1941 to 1942. Stalin enacted <hl> total war <hl> policy in response.[failed verification]", "sentence_answer": "Stalin enacted <hl> total war <hl> policy in response.[failed verification]", "paragraph_id": "5d6723842b22cd4dfcfbf04d"}
{"question": "Do premiums get recorded to the group or individual company?", "paragraph": "Obviously, it is more difficult to operate an insurance group than a single insurance company, since employees must be painstakingly trained to observe corporate formalities so that courts will not treat the entities in the group as alter egos of each other.  For example, all insurance policies and all claim-related documents must consistently reference the relevant company within the group, and the flows of premiums and claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company.", "answer": "claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company.", "sentence": " For example, all insurance policies and all claim-related documents must consistently reference the relevant company within the group, and the flows of premiums and claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company.", "paragraph_sentence": "Obviously, it is more difficult to operate an insurance group than a single insurance company, since employees must be painstakingly trained to observe corporate formalities so that courts will not treat the entities in the group as alter egos of each other. <hl> For example, all insurance policies and all claim-related documents must consistently reference the relevant company within the group, and the flows of premiums and claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Obviously, it is more difficult to operate an insurance group than a single insurance company, since employees must be painstakingly trained to observe corporate formalities so that courts will not treat the entities in the group as alter egos of each other. For example, all insurance policies and all claim-related documents must consistently reference the relevant company within the group, and the flows of premiums and <hl> claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company. <hl>", "sentence_answer": " For example, all insurance policies and all claim-related documents must consistently reference the relevant company within the group, and the flows of premiums and <hl> claim payments must be carefully recorded against the books of the correct company. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d66ec1d2b22cd4dfcfbe561"}
{"question": "What forms of identification use the complete name?", "paragraph": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "answer": "police offices and passports", "sentence": "The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. <hl> The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. <hl> Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "paragraph_answer": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but <hl> police offices and passports <hl> are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "sentence_answer": "The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but <hl> police offices and passports <hl> are issued with the complete name.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bde92b22cd4dfcfc011e"}
{"question": "How many steps are involved in entering coordinates on a problem application?", "paragraph": "Cartesian coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world.  However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application.  1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates.  2) An origin must be assigned to a specific spatial location or landmark, and 3) the orientation of the axes must be defined using available directional cues for (n-1) of the n axes.", "answer": "three", "sentence": " However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cartesian coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world. <hl> However, three constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application. <hl> 1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates. 2) An origin must be assigned to a specific spatial location or landmark, and 3) the orientation of the axes must be defined using available directional cues for (n-1) of the n axes.", "paragraph_answer": "Cartesian coordinates are an abstraction that have a multitude of possible applications in the real world. However, <hl> three <hl> constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application. 1) Units of distance must be decided defining the spatial size represented by the numbers used as coordinates. 2) An origin must be assigned to a specific spatial location or landmark, and 3) the orientation of the axes must be defined using available directional cues for (n-1) of the n axes.", "sentence_answer": " However, <hl> three <hl> constructive steps are involved in superimposing coordinates on a problem application.", "paragraph_id": "5d6677952b22cd4dfcfbe015"}
{"question": "Are biomarkers useful in predicting the likelihood of cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable.", "answer": "questionable", "sentence": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is questionable . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is <hl> questionable <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Some biomarkers may add to conventional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting the risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical value of some biomarkers is <hl> questionable <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6612972b22cd4dfcfbd7b4"}
{"question": "What are the numbers used for the correct red and blue for the U.S. flag in the Pantone Matching System?", "paragraph": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1)  the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2)  defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "answer": "193 (red) and 281 (dark blue)", "sentence": "In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1)  the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2)  defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. <hl> In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) of the Pantone Matching System.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Sometimes, Pantone Matching System (PMS) approximations to the flag colors are used. One set was given on the website of the U.S. embassy in London as early as 1998; the website of the U.S. embassy in Stockholm claimed in 2001 that those had been suggested by Pantone, and that the U.S. Government Printing Office preferred a different set. A third red was suggested by a California Military Department document in 2002. In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers <hl> 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) <hl> of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "sentence_answer": "In 2001, the Texas legislature specified that the colors of the Texas flag should be \"(1) the same colors used in the United States flag; and (2) defined as numbers <hl> 193 (red) and 281 (dark blue) <hl> of the Pantone Matching System.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6676092b22cd4dfcfbdfea"}
{"question": "Will niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "answer": "do not affect", "sentence": "The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "paragraph_sentence": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. <hl> The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol do not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The time course over which statins provide prevention against death appears to be long, of the order of one year, which is much longer than the duration of their effect on lipids. The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol <hl> do not affect <hl> the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "sentence_answer": "The medications niacin, fibrates and CETP Inhibitors, while they may increase HDL cholesterol <hl> do not affect <hl> the risk of cardiovascular disease in those who are already on statins.", "paragraph_id": "5d66800d2b22cd4dfcfbe0d1"}
{"question": "What are three main aspects of gentry values?", "paragraph": "Sports occupied a great deal of attention at every social level, starting at the top.  In England hunting was sharply restricted to landowners, and enforced by armed gameskeepers. In American game was more than plentiful. Everyone\u2014including servants and slaves\u2014could and did hunt. Poor men with a good rifle aim won praise; rich gentlemen who were off target won ridicule. In 1691 Sir Francis Nicholson, the governor, organized competitions for the \u201cbetter sort of Virginians onely who are Batchelors,\u201d and he offered prizes \u201cto be shot for, wrastled, played at backswords, & Run for by Horse and foott.\u201d  Horse racing was the main event. The typical farmer did not own a horse in the first place, and racing was a matter for gentlemen only, but ordinary farmers were spectators and gamblers. Selected slaves often became skilled horse trainers.  Horse racing was especially important for knitting the gentry together. The race was a major public event designed to demonstrate to the world the superior social status of the gentry through expensive breeding, training, boasting and gambling, and especially winning the races themselves.  Historian Timothy Breen explains that horse racing and high-stakes gambling were essential to maintaining the status of the gentry. When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that competitiveness, individualism, and materialism where the core elements of gentry values.", "answer": "competitiveness, individualism, and materialism", "sentence": "When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that competitiveness, individualism, and materialism where the core elements of gentry values.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sports occupied a great deal of attention at every social level, starting at the top. In England hunting was sharply restricted to landowners, and enforced by armed gameskeepers. In American game was more than plentiful. Everyone\u2014including servants and slaves\u2014could and did hunt. Poor men with a good rifle aim won praise; rich gentlemen who were off target won ridicule. In 1691 Sir Francis Nicholson, the governor, organized competitions for the \u201cbetter sort of Virginians onely who are Batchelors,\u201d and he offered prizes \u201cto be shot for, wrastled, played at backswords, & Run for by Horse and foott.\u201d Horse racing was the main event. The typical farmer did not own a horse in the first place, and racing was a matter for gentlemen only, but ordinary farmers were spectators and gamblers. Selected slaves often became skilled horse trainers. Horse racing was especially important for knitting the gentry together. The race was a major public event designed to demonstrate to the world the superior social status of the gentry through expensive breeding, training, boasting and gambling, and especially winning the races themselves. Historian Timothy Breen explains that horse racing and high-stakes gambling were essential to maintaining the status of the gentry. <hl> When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that competitiveness, individualism, and materialism where the core elements of gentry values. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Sports occupied a great deal of attention at every social level, starting at the top. In England hunting was sharply restricted to landowners, and enforced by armed gameskeepers. In American game was more than plentiful. Everyone\u2014including servants and slaves\u2014could and did hunt. Poor men with a good rifle aim won praise; rich gentlemen who were off target won ridicule. In 1691 Sir Francis Nicholson, the governor, organized competitions for the \u201cbetter sort of Virginians onely who are Batchelors,\u201d and he offered prizes \u201cto be shot for, wrastled, played at backswords, & Run for by Horse and foott.\u201d Horse racing was the main event. The typical farmer did not own a horse in the first place, and racing was a matter for gentlemen only, but ordinary farmers were spectators and gamblers. Selected slaves often became skilled horse trainers. Horse racing was especially important for knitting the gentry together. The race was a major public event designed to demonstrate to the world the superior social status of the gentry through expensive breeding, training, boasting and gambling, and especially winning the races themselves. Historian Timothy Breen explains that horse racing and high-stakes gambling were essential to maintaining the status of the gentry. When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that <hl> competitiveness, individualism, and materialism <hl> where the core elements of gentry values.", "sentence_answer": "When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that <hl> competitiveness, individualism, and materialism <hl> where the core elements of gentry values.", "paragraph_id": "5d6620132b22cd4dfcfbd982"}
{"question": "In what region would a married woman  drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname?", "paragraph": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "answer": "Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America", "sentence": "In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America , a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of).", "paragraph_sentence": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. <hl> In some Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America , a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). <hl> For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "paragraph_answer": "In Spain, a woman does not change her legal surnames when she marries. In some <hl> Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America <hl>, a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of). For example, if \"Clara Reyes Alba\" were to marry \"Alberto G\u00f3mez Rodr\u00edguez\", the wife could use \"Clara Reyes de G\u00f3mez\" as her name (or \"Clara Reyes G\u00f3mez\", or, rarely, \"Clara G\u00f3mez Reyes\". She can be addressed as Sra. de G\u00f3mez corresponding to \"Mrs G\u00f3mez\"). In some countries, this form may be mainly social and not an official name change, i.e. her name would still legally be her birth name. This custom of adding the husband's surname is slowly fading.", "sentence_answer": "In some <hl> Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America <hl> , a woman may, on her marriage, drop her mother's surname and add her husband's surname to her father's surname using the preposition \"de\" (of).", "paragraph_id": "5d67301d2b22cd4dfcfbf208"}
{"question": "Which systems derivations can be longer than additional connectives derivations?", "paragraph": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "answer": "limited", "sentence": "Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives.", "paragraph_sentence": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. <hl> Similarly, derivations in the limited systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. <hl> There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "paragraph_answer": "Restrictions such as these are useful as a technique to reduce the number of inference rules or axiom schemas in deductive systems, which leads to shorter proofs of metalogical results. The cost of the restrictions is that it becomes more difficult to express natural-language statements in the formal system at hand, because the logical connectives used in the natural language statements must be replaced by their (longer) definitions in terms of the restricted collection of logical connectives. Similarly, derivations in the <hl> limited <hl> systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives. There is thus a trade-off between the ease of working within the formal system and the ease of proving results about the formal system.", "sentence_answer": "Similarly, derivations in the <hl> limited <hl> systems may be longer than derivations in systems that include additional connectives.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e69f2b22cd4dfcfbe506"}
{"question": "How did they get buildings to stay up?", "paragraph": "Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'. Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. Structures were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.", "answer": "empirical evidence of 'what had worked before'", "sentence": "No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before' .", "paragraph_sentence": "Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. <hl> No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on empirical evidence of 'what had worked before' . <hl> Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. Structures were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.", "paragraph_answer": "Throughout ancient and medieval history most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on <hl> empirical evidence of 'what had worked before' <hl>. Knowledge was retained by guilds and seldom supplanted by advances. Structures were repetitive, and increases in scale were incremental.", "sentence_answer": "No theory of structures existed, and understanding of how structures stood up was extremely limited, and based almost entirely on <hl> empirical evidence of 'what had worked before' <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67601b2b22cd4dfcfbf928"}
{"question": "Which country was SFN founded in?", "paragraph": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries.  Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily:  as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries.  Annual meetings, held each year in a different American city, draw attendance from researchers, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as educational institutions, funding agencies, publishers, and hundreds of businesses that supply products used in research.", "answer": "United States", "sentence": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries. <hl> Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries. Annual meetings, held each year in a different American city, draw attendance from researchers, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as educational institutions, funding agencies, publishers, and hundreds of businesses that supply products used in research.", "paragraph_answer": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the <hl> United States <hl> but includes many members from other countries. Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries. Annual meetings, held each year in a different American city, draw attendance from researchers, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as educational institutions, funding agencies, publishers, and hundreds of businesses that supply products used in research.", "sentence_answer": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the <hl> United States <hl> but includes many members from other countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d672e842b22cd4dfcfbf1e1"}
{"question": "How much has it grown in the last decade?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "answer": "350 percent", "sentence": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing 350 percent in the last 10 years. <hl> In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing <hl> 350 percent <hl> in the last 10 years. In 2011, Canada had 85,827 women players, United States had 65,609, Finland 4,760, Sweden 3,075 and Switzerland 1,172. While there are not as many organized leagues for women as there are for men, there exist leagues of all levels, including the Canadian Women's Hockey League, Western Women's Hockey League, National Women's Hockey League, Mid-Atlantic Women's Hockey League, and various European leagues; as well as university teams, national and Olympic teams, and recreational teams. The IIHF holds a IIHF World Women's Championship tournament annually except in Olympic years.", "sentence_answer": "Ice hockey is one of the fastest growing women's sports in the world, with the number of participants increasing <hl> 350 percent <hl> in the last 10 years.", "paragraph_id": "5d6691262b22cd4dfcfbe286"}
{"question": "the U-shape became a distinctive feature to which family?", "paragraph": "The simplest design of saxophone is a straight conical tube, and the sopranino and soprano saxophones are usually of this straight design. However, as the lower-pitched instruments would be unacceptably long if straight, for ergonomic reasons, the larger instruments usually incorporate a U-bend (\"bow\") at, or slightly above, the third-lowest tone hole. As this would cause the bell of the instrument to point almost directly upward, the end of the instrument is either beveled or tilted slightly forward. This U-shape has become a distinctive feature of the saxophone family, to the extent that soprano and even sopranino saxes are sometimes made in the curved style, even though not strictly necessary. By contrast, tenors and even baritones have occasionally been made in the straight style. Most commonly, however, the alto and tenor saxophones incorporate a detachable, curved \"neck\" above the highest tone hole, directing the mouthpiece to the player's mouth while the instrument is held in a playing stance. The baritone, bass and contrabass saxophones accommodate the length of the bore with extra bows and right angle bends between the main body and the mouthpiece.", "answer": "the saxophone family", "sentence": "This U-shape has become a distinctive feature of the saxophone family , to the extent that soprano and even sopranino saxes are sometimes made in the curved style, even though not strictly necessary.", "paragraph_sentence": "The simplest design of saxophone is a straight conical tube, and the sopranino and soprano saxophones are usually of this straight design. However, as the lower-pitched instruments would be unacceptably long if straight, for ergonomic reasons, the larger instruments usually incorporate a U-bend (\"bow\") at, or slightly above, the third-lowest tone hole. As this would cause the bell of the instrument to point almost directly upward, the end of the instrument is either beveled or tilted slightly forward. <hl> This U-shape has become a distinctive feature of the saxophone family , to the extent that soprano and even sopranino saxes are sometimes made in the curved style, even though not strictly necessary. <hl> By contrast, tenors and even baritones have occasionally been made in the straight style. Most commonly, however, the alto and tenor saxophones incorporate a detachable, curved \"neck\" above the highest tone hole, directing the mouthpiece to the player's mouth while the instrument is held in a playing stance. The baritone, bass and contrabass saxophones accommodate the length of the bore with extra bows and right angle bends between the main body and the mouthpiece.", "paragraph_answer": "The simplest design of saxophone is a straight conical tube, and the sopranino and soprano saxophones are usually of this straight design. However, as the lower-pitched instruments would be unacceptably long if straight, for ergonomic reasons, the larger instruments usually incorporate a U-bend (\"bow\") at, or slightly above, the third-lowest tone hole. As this would cause the bell of the instrument to point almost directly upward, the end of the instrument is either beveled or tilted slightly forward. This U-shape has become a distinctive feature of <hl> the saxophone family <hl>, to the extent that soprano and even sopranino saxes are sometimes made in the curved style, even though not strictly necessary. By contrast, tenors and even baritones have occasionally been made in the straight style. Most commonly, however, the alto and tenor saxophones incorporate a detachable, curved \"neck\" above the highest tone hole, directing the mouthpiece to the player's mouth while the instrument is held in a playing stance. The baritone, bass and contrabass saxophones accommodate the length of the bore with extra bows and right angle bends between the main body and the mouthpiece.", "sentence_answer": "This U-shape has become a distinctive feature of <hl> the saxophone family <hl> , to the extent that soprano and even sopranino saxes are sometimes made in the curved style, even though not strictly necessary.", "paragraph_id": "5d6765262b22cd4dfcfbf9c3"}
{"question": "Who discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry?", "paragraph": "The Middle East served as the source for many animals that could be domesticated, such as sheep, goats and pigs. This area was also the first region to domesticate the dromedary camel. Henri Fleisch discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry from the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon and suggested that it could have been used by the earliest nomadic shepherds. He dated this industry to the Epipaleolithic or Pre-Pottery Neolithic as it is evidently not Paleolithic, Mesolithic or even Pottery Neolithic. The presence of these animals gave the region a large advantage in cultural and economic development. As the climate in the Middle East changed and became drier, many of the farmers were forced to leave, taking their domesticated animals with them. It was this massive emigration from the Middle East that would later help distribute these animals to the rest of Afroeurasia. This emigration was mainly on an east-west axis of similar climates, as crops usually have a narrow optimal climatic range outside of which they cannot grow for reasons of light or rain changes. For instance, wheat does not normally grow in tropical climates, just like tropical crops such as bananas do not grow in colder climates. Some authors, like Jared Diamond, have postulated that this East-West axis is the main reason why plant and animal domestication spread so quickly from the Fertile Crescent to the rest of Eurasia and North Africa, while it did not reach through the North-South axis of Africa to reach the Mediterranean climates of South Africa, where temperate crops were successfully imported by ships in the last 500 years. Similarly, the African Zebu of central Africa and the domesticated bovines of the fertile-crescent \u2014 separated by the dry sahara desert \u2014 were not introduced into each other's region.", "answer": "Henri Fleisch", "sentence": "Henri Fleisch discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry from the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon and suggested that it could have been used by the earliest nomadic shepherds.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Middle East served as the source for many animals that could be domesticated, such as sheep, goats and pigs. This area was also the first region to domesticate the dromedary camel. <hl> Henri Fleisch discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry from the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon and suggested that it could have been used by the earliest nomadic shepherds. <hl> He dated this industry to the Epipaleolithic or Pre-Pottery Neolithic as it is evidently not Paleolithic, Mesolithic or even Pottery Neolithic. The presence of these animals gave the region a large advantage in cultural and economic development. As the climate in the Middle East changed and became drier, many of the farmers were forced to leave, taking their domesticated animals with them. It was this massive emigration from the Middle East that would later help distribute these animals to the rest of Afroeurasia. This emigration was mainly on an east-west axis of similar climates, as crops usually have a narrow optimal climatic range outside of which they cannot grow for reasons of light or rain changes. For instance, wheat does not normally grow in tropical climates, just like tropical crops such as bananas do not grow in colder climates. Some authors, like Jared Diamond, have postulated that this East-West axis is the main reason why plant and animal domestication spread so quickly from the Fertile Crescent to the rest of Eurasia and North Africa, while it did not reach through the North-South axis of Africa to reach the Mediterranean climates of South Africa, where temperate crops were successfully imported by ships in the last 500 years. Similarly, the African Zebu of central Africa and the domesticated bovines of the fertile-crescent \u2014 separated by the dry sahara desert \u2014 were not introduced into each other's region.", "paragraph_answer": "The Middle East served as the source for many animals that could be domesticated, such as sheep, goats and pigs. This area was also the first region to domesticate the dromedary camel. <hl> Henri Fleisch <hl> discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry from the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon and suggested that it could have been used by the earliest nomadic shepherds. He dated this industry to the Epipaleolithic or Pre-Pottery Neolithic as it is evidently not Paleolithic, Mesolithic or even Pottery Neolithic. The presence of these animals gave the region a large advantage in cultural and economic development. As the climate in the Middle East changed and became drier, many of the farmers were forced to leave, taking their domesticated animals with them. It was this massive emigration from the Middle East that would later help distribute these animals to the rest of Afroeurasia. This emigration was mainly on an east-west axis of similar climates, as crops usually have a narrow optimal climatic range outside of which they cannot grow for reasons of light or rain changes. For instance, wheat does not normally grow in tropical climates, just like tropical crops such as bananas do not grow in colder climates. Some authors, like Jared Diamond, have postulated that this East-West axis is the main reason why plant and animal domestication spread so quickly from the Fertile Crescent to the rest of Eurasia and North Africa, while it did not reach through the North-South axis of Africa to reach the Mediterranean climates of South Africa, where temperate crops were successfully imported by ships in the last 500 years. Similarly, the African Zebu of central Africa and the domesticated bovines of the fertile-crescent \u2014 separated by the dry sahara desert \u2014 were not introduced into each other's region.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Henri Fleisch <hl> discovered and termed the Shepherd Neolithic flint industry from the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon and suggested that it could have been used by the earliest nomadic shepherds.", "paragraph_id": "5d67433e2b22cd4dfcfbf43f"}
{"question": "What year did Frans van Schooten and his students translate the work into latin?", "paragraph": "The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat, although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. Both authors used a single axis in their treatments and have a variable length measured in reference to this axis. The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students. These commentators introduced several concepts while trying to clarify the ideas contained in Descartes' work.", "answer": "1649", "sentence": "The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students.", "paragraph_sentence": "The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat, although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. Both authors used a single axis in their treatments and have a variable length measured in reference to this axis. <hl> The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in 1649 by Frans van Schooten and his students. <hl> These commentators introduced several concepts while trying to clarify the ideas contained in Descartes' work.", "paragraph_answer": "The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes and independently by Pierre de Fermat, although Fermat also worked in three dimensions and did not publish the discovery. Both authors used a single axis in their treatments and have a variable length measured in reference to this axis. The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in <hl> 1649 <hl> by Frans van Schooten and his students. These commentators introduced several concepts while trying to clarify the ideas contained in Descartes' work.", "sentence_answer": "The concept of using a pair of axes was introduced later, after Descartes' La G\u00e9om\u00e9trie was translated into Latin in <hl> 1649 <hl> by Frans van Schooten and his students.", "paragraph_id": "5d661ced2b22cd4dfcfbd922"}
{"question": "Who suffered casualties and needed support?", "paragraph": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "answer": "the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division", "sentence": "The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division , had suffered significant casualties, and required support.", "paragraph_sentence": "His reports contained two important observations. <hl> The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division , had suffered significant casualties, and required support. <hl> The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "paragraph_answer": "His reports contained two important observations. The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling <hl> the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division <hl>, had suffered significant casualties, and required support. The second observation was that the entire German 1st Mountain Division had traveled from Russia by railway through Chetnik-controlled territory. British intercepts (ULTRA) of German message traffic confirmed Chetnik timidity. All in all, intelligence reports resulted in increased Allied interest in Yugoslavia air operations and shifted policy. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Fitzroy Maclean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Drvar to serve as a permanent, formal liaison to the Partisans. While the Chetniks were still occasionally supplied, the Partisans received the bulk of all future support.", "sentence_answer": "The first was that the Partisans were courageous and aggressive in battling <hl> the German 1st Mountain and 104th Light Division <hl> , had suffered significant casualties, and required support.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8002b22cd4dfcfc002d"}
{"question": "What accredidation agency is the University of Pennsylvania affiliated with?", "paragraph": "The Board of Trustees selects the university's Chancellor, who doubles as the chief academic officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the university as well as serving as an ex officio voting member of the Board or Trustees. The Chancellor is delegated with general administrative, academic, and management authority over the university. Under the Chancellor are the Provost and Senior Vice Chancellor, the Senior Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences, the deans of the various schools, the presidents of the regional campuses, department chairs, and the directors of University centers and institutes. The university is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.", "answer": "Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools", "sentence": "The university is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Board of Trustees selects the university's Chancellor, who doubles as the chief academic officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the university as well as serving as an ex officio voting member of the Board or Trustees. The Chancellor is delegated with general administrative, academic, and management authority over the university. Under the Chancellor are the Provost and Senior Vice Chancellor, the Senior Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences, the deans of the various schools, the presidents of the regional campuses, department chairs, and the directors of University centers and institutes. <hl> The university is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Board of Trustees selects the university's Chancellor, who doubles as the chief academic officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the university as well as serving as an ex officio voting member of the Board or Trustees. The Chancellor is delegated with general administrative, academic, and management authority over the university. Under the Chancellor are the Provost and Senior Vice Chancellor, the Senior Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences, the deans of the various schools, the presidents of the regional campuses, department chairs, and the directors of University centers and institutes. The university is accredited by the <hl> Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The university is accredited by the <hl> Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6745772b22cd4dfcfbf49f"}
{"question": "What proportion of slaves died in the Middle Passage?", "paragraph": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5%. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "answer": "12.5%", "sentence": "Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5% .", "paragraph_sentence": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. <hl> Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5% . <hl> Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "paragraph_answer": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at <hl> 12.5% <hl>. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "sentence_answer": "Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at <hl> 12.5% <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8cf2b22cd4dfcfbceec"}
{"question": "What happens when a lipophilic or amphiphillic substance is dissolved in a polar environment?", "paragraph": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "answer": "the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance", "sentence": "When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance , since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile.", "paragraph_sentence": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. <hl> When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance , since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. <hl> So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "paragraph_answer": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, <hl> the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance <hl>, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "sentence_answer": "When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, <hl> the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance <hl> , since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile.", "paragraph_id": "5d67473d2b22cd4dfcfbf4d1"}
{"question": "Does Argentina use both last names?", "paragraph": "In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country.", "answer": "only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country", "sentence": "In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and <hl> only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In early 2008, some new legislation is under consideration that will place the mother's last name ahead the father's last name, as it is done in Portuguese-speaking countries and <hl> only optionally in Spain, despite Argentina being a Spanish-speaking country <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675d3e2b22cd4dfcfbf8ab"}
{"question": "What brought about th", "paragraph": "Istanbul has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. Galleria Atak\u00f6y ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. Akmerkez was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. \u0130stinye Park in \u0130stinye and Zorlu Center near Levent are among the newest malls which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "answer": "Galleria Atak\u00f6y", "sentence": "Galleria Atak\u00f6y ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. <hl> Galleria Atak\u00f6y ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. <hl> Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. Akmerkez was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. \u0130stinye Park in \u0130stinye and Zorlu Center near Levent are among the newest malls which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The Grand Bazaar, in operation since 1461, is among the world's oldest and largest covered markets. Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Egyptian Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. <hl> Galleria Atak\u00f6y <hl> ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. Akmerkez was awarded the titles of \"Europe's best\" and \"World's best\" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. \u0130stinye Park in \u0130stinye and Zorlu Center near Levent are among the newest malls which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Street in Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131 and Ba\u011fdat Avenue on the Anatolian side of the city have evolved into high-end shopping districts.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Galleria Atak\u00f6y <hl> ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e9a42b22cd4dfcfbd24b"}
{"question": "King James II was the inspiration for the name of what city?", "paragraph": "In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \"New York\" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. The Dutch, under Director General Stuyvesant, successfully negotiated with the English to produce 24 articles of provisional transfer, which sought to retain for the extant citizens of New Netherland their previously attained liberties (including freedom of religion) under new colonial English rulers.", "answer": "New York", "sentence": "In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \" New York \" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. <hl> In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \" New York \" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. <hl> The Dutch, under Director General Stuyvesant, successfully negotiated with the English to produce 24 articles of provisional transfer, which sought to retain for the extant citizens of New Netherland their previously attained liberties (including freedom of religion) under new colonial English rulers.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \"<hl> New York <hl>\" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. The Dutch, under Director General Stuyvesant, successfully negotiated with the English to produce 24 articles of provisional transfer, which sought to retain for the extant citizens of New Netherland their previously attained liberties (including freedom of religion) under new colonial English rulers.", "sentence_answer": "In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \" <hl> New York <hl> \" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II.", "paragraph_id": "5d67004d2b22cd4dfcfbe9e4"}
{"question": "Who did the Bolsheviks conquer in 1921?", "paragraph": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "answer": "Free Territory of Ukraine", "sentence": "During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921.", "paragraph_sentence": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. <hl> During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. <hl> Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "paragraph_answer": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the <hl> Free Territory of Ukraine <hl> from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "sentence_answer": "During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the <hl> Free Territory of Ukraine <hl> from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0662b22cd4dfcfbd082"}
{"question": "Town centers in Connecticut are named what?", "paragraph": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "answer": "Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green", "sentence": "Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state).", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. <hl> Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). <hl> Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the <hl> Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green <hl> (the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "sentence_answer": "Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the <hl> Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green <hl> (the oldest in the state).", "paragraph_id": "5d65de6a2b22cd4dfcfbcfff"}
{"question": "How common is it to have both a surname and forename in the world?", "paragraph": "The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is far from universal. In many countries, it is common for ordinary people to have only one name or mononym.", "answer": "far from universal", "sentence": "The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is far from universal .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is far from universal . <hl> In many countries, it is common for ordinary people to have only one name or mononym.", "paragraph_answer": "The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is <hl> far from universal <hl>. In many countries, it is common for ordinary people to have only one name or mononym.", "sentence_answer": "The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is <hl> far from universal <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67ee652b22cd4dfcfc042c"}
{"question": "What replaced the Triglavka cap?", "paragraph": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "answer": "the Titovka cap", "sentence": "From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. <hl> From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with the Titovka cap as part of their uniform. <hl> In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Slovene Partisans retained their specific organizational structure and Slovene language as the commanding language until the last months of World War II, when their language was removed as the commanding language. From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with <hl> the Titovka cap <hl> as part of their uniform. In March 1945, the Slovene Partisan Units were officially merged with the Yugoslav Army and thus ceased to exist as a separate formation.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "From 1942 till after 1944, they wore the Triglavka cap, which was then gradually replaced with <hl> the Titovka cap <hl> as part of their uniform.", "paragraph_id": "5d67971f2b22cd4dfcfbfea6"}
{"question": "In which state are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part?", "paragraph": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In Virginia, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "answer": "Virginia", "sentence": "In Virginia , cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part.", "paragraph_sentence": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. <hl> In Virginia , cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. <hl> In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "paragraph_answer": "Population centers may be organized into incorporated cities, towns, villages, and other types of municipalities. Municipalities are typically subordinate to a county government, with some exceptions. Certain cities, for example, have consolidated with their county government as consolidated city-counties. In <hl> Virginia <hl>, cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part. In some states, particularly in New England, towns form the primary unit of local government below the state level, in some cases eliminating the need for county government entirely.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> Virginia <hl> , cities are completely independent from the county in which they would otherwise be a part.", "paragraph_id": "5d676f702b22cd4dfcfbfb8c"}
{"question": "How did Thornton describe the \"initial exploration of the Atlantic\"?", "paragraph": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans, members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as \"a truly international exercise, even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\" That leadership later gave rise to the myth that \"the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration\".", "answer": "\"a truly international exercise", "sentence": "This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as \"a truly international exercise , even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans, members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. <hl> This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as \"a truly international exercise , even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\" <hl> That leadership later gave rise to the myth that \"the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration\".", "paragraph_answer": "Although the initial Atlantic naval explorations were performed purely by Europeans, members of many European nationalities were involved, including sailors from Portugal, Spain, the Italian kingdoms, England, France and the Netherlands. This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as <hl> \"a truly international exercise <hl>, even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\" That leadership later gave rise to the myth that \"the Iberians were the sole leaders of the exploration\".", "sentence_answer": "This diversity led Thornton to describe the initial \"exploration of the Atlantic\" as <hl> \"a truly international exercise <hl> , even if many of the dramatic discoveries [such as those by Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan] were made under the sponsorship of the Iberian monarchs.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d669e762b22cd4dfcfbe355"}
{"question": "Where is Kuleli Military High School?", "paragraph": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "answer": "the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y", "sentence": "Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y , and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Kuleli Military High School, along the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y , and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. <hl> Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "paragraph_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along <hl> the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y <hl>, and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School provides free education to children across the country missing at least one parent. Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka begins instruction with the fourth grade, providing instruction in English and, starting in sixth grade, a second foreign language\u2014German or French. Other prominent high schools in the city include Kabata\u015f Erkek Lisesi (founded in 1908) and Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Anadolu Lisesi (founded in 1955).", "sentence_answer": "Kuleli Military High School, along <hl> the shores of the Bosphorus in \u00c7engelk\u00f6y <hl> , and Turkish Naval High School, located on one of the Princes' Islands, are military high schools, complemented by three military academies\u2014the Turkish Air Force, Turkish Military, and Turkish Naval Academies.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8722b22cd4dfcfbd47c"}
{"question": "What is another theory for how moral judgements are made that do not take belief into account?", "paragraph": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral\njudgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why\nwere moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other\nmorally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. On either\naccount, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "answer": "an abnormal processing route", "sentence": "Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account.", "paragraph_sentence": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). <hl> Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via an abnormal processing route that does not take belief into account. <hl> On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "paragraph_answer": "Stimulation of the VMPC by transcranial magnetic stimulation, has been shown to inhibit the ability of human subjects to take into account intent when forming a moral judgment. According to this investigation, TMS did not disrupt participants' ability to make any moral judgment. On the contrary, moral judgments of intentional harms and nonharms were unaffected by TMS to either the RTPJ or the control site; presumably, however, people typically make moral judgments of intentional harms by considering not only the action's harmful outcome but the agent's intentions and beliefs. So why were moral judgments of intentional harms not affected by TMS to the RTPJ? One possibility is that moral judgments typically reflect a weighted function of any morally relevant information that is available at the time. On the basis of this view, when information concerning the agent's belief is unavailable or degraded, the resulting moral judgment simply reflects a higher weighting of other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via <hl> an abnormal processing route <hl> that does not take belief into account. On either account, when belief information is degraded or unavailable, moral judgments are shifted toward other morally relevant factors (e.g., outcome). For intentional harms and nonharms, however, the outcome suggests the same moral judgment as the intention. Thus, the researchers suggest that TMS to the RTPJ disrupted the processing of negative beliefs for both intentional harms and attempted harms, but the current design allowed the investigators to detect this effect only in the case of attempted harms, in which the neutral outcomes did not afford harsh moral judgments on their own.", "sentence_answer": "Alternatively, following TMS to the RTPJ, moral judgments might be made via <hl> an abnormal processing route <hl> that does not take belief into account.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754ac2b22cd4dfcfbf73f"}
{"question": "What does morality encourage?", "paragraph": "On this understanding, moralities are sets of self-perpetuating and biologically-driven behaviors which encourage human cooperation. Biologists contend that all social animals, from ants to elephants, have modified their behaviors, by restraining immediate selfishness in order to improve their evolutionary fitness. Human morality, although sophisticated and complex relative to other animals, is essentially a natural phenomenon that evolved to restrict excessive individualism that could undermine a group's cohesion and thereby reducing the individuals' fitness.", "answer": "human cooperation", "sentence": "On this understanding, moralities are sets of self-perpetuating and biologically-driven behaviors which encourage human cooperation .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On this understanding, moralities are sets of self-perpetuating and biologically-driven behaviors which encourage human cooperation . <hl> Biologists contend that all social animals, from ants to elephants, have modified their behaviors, by restraining immediate selfishness in order to improve their evolutionary fitness. Human morality, although sophisticated and complex relative to other animals, is essentially a natural phenomenon that evolved to restrict excessive individualism that could undermine a group's cohesion and thereby reducing the individuals' fitness.", "paragraph_answer": "On this understanding, moralities are sets of self-perpetuating and biologically-driven behaviors which encourage <hl> human cooperation <hl>. Biologists contend that all social animals, from ants to elephants, have modified their behaviors, by restraining immediate selfishness in order to improve their evolutionary fitness. Human morality, although sophisticated and complex relative to other animals, is essentially a natural phenomenon that evolved to restrict excessive individualism that could undermine a group's cohesion and thereby reducing the individuals' fitness.", "sentence_answer": "On this understanding, moralities are sets of self-perpetuating and biologically-driven behaviors which encourage <hl> human cooperation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67585c2b22cd4dfcfbf7b2"}
{"question": "What did the oral contraceptive pill accomplish?", "paragraph": "Before the second wave there were some important events which laid the groundwork for it. French writer Simone de Beauvoir had in the 1940s examined the notion of women being perceived as \"other\" in the patriarchal society. She went on to conclude that male-centered ideology was being accepted as a norm and enforced by the ongoing development of myths, and that the fact that women are capable of getting pregnant, lactating, and menstruating is in no way a valid cause or explanation to place them as the \"second sex\".\nThis book was translated from French to English (with some of its text excised) and published in America in 1953. In 1960 the Food and Drug Administration approved the combined oral contraceptive pill, which was made available in 1961. This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant. The administration of President Kennedy made women's rights a key issue of the New Frontier, and named women (such as Esther Peterson) to many high-ranking posts in his administration. Kennedy also established a Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt and comprising cabinet officials (including Peterson and Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy), senators, representatives, businesspeople, psychologists, sociologists, professors, activists, and public servants. There were also notable actions by women in wider society, presaging their wider engagement in politics which would come with the second wave. In 1961, 50,000 women in 60 cities, mobilized by Women Strike for Peace, protested above ground testing of nuclear bombs and tainted milk.", "answer": "This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant", "sentence": "This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant .", "paragraph_sentence": "Before the second wave there were some important events which laid the groundwork for it. French writer Simone de Beauvoir had in the 1940s examined the notion of women being perceived as \"other\" in the patriarchal society. She went on to conclude that male-centered ideology was being accepted as a norm and enforced by the ongoing development of myths, and that the fact that women are capable of getting pregnant, lactating, and menstruating is in no way a valid cause or explanation to place them as the \"second sex\". This book was translated from French to English (with some of its text excised) and published in America in 1953. In 1960 the Food and Drug Administration approved the combined oral contraceptive pill, which was made available in 1961. <hl> This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant . <hl> The administration of President Kennedy made women's rights a key issue of the New Frontier, and named women (such as Esther Peterson) to many high-ranking posts in his administration. Kennedy also established a Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt and comprising cabinet officials (including Peterson and Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy), senators, representatives, businesspeople, psychologists, sociologists, professors, activists, and public servants. There were also notable actions by women in wider society, presaging their wider engagement in politics which would come with the second wave. In 1961, 50,000 women in 60 cities, mobilized by Women Strike for Peace, protested above ground testing of nuclear bombs and tainted milk.", "paragraph_answer": "Before the second wave there were some important events which laid the groundwork for it. French writer Simone de Beauvoir had in the 1940s examined the notion of women being perceived as \"other\" in the patriarchal society. She went on to conclude that male-centered ideology was being accepted as a norm and enforced by the ongoing development of myths, and that the fact that women are capable of getting pregnant, lactating, and menstruating is in no way a valid cause or explanation to place them as the \"second sex\". This book was translated from French to English (with some of its text excised) and published in America in 1953. In 1960 the Food and Drug Administration approved the combined oral contraceptive pill, which was made available in 1961. <hl> This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant <hl>. The administration of President Kennedy made women's rights a key issue of the New Frontier, and named women (such as Esther Peterson) to many high-ranking posts in his administration. Kennedy also established a Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt and comprising cabinet officials (including Peterson and Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy), senators, representatives, businesspeople, psychologists, sociologists, professors, activists, and public servants. There were also notable actions by women in wider society, presaging their wider engagement in politics which would come with the second wave. In 1961, 50,000 women in 60 cities, mobilized by Women Strike for Peace, protested above ground testing of nuclear bombs and tainted milk.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670f5a2b22cd4dfcfbeccd"}
{"question": "What was Microsoft AntiSpyware renamed to?", "paragraph": "On January 6, 2005, Microsoft released a Beta version of Microsoft AntiSpyware, based upon the previously released Giant AntiSpyware. On February 14, 2006, Microsoft AntiSpyware became Windows Defender with the release of Beta 2. Windows Defender is a freeware program designed to protect against spyware and other unwanted software. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 users who have genuine copies of Microsoft Windows can freely download the program from Microsoft's web site, and Windows Defender ships as part of Windows Vista and 7. In Windows 8, Windows Defender and Microsoft Security Essentials have been combined into a single program, named Windows Defender. It is based on Microsoft Security Essentials, borrowing its features and user interface. Although it is enabled by default, it can be turned off to use another anti-virus solution. Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner are two other free security products offered by Microsoft.", "answer": "Windows Defender", "sentence": "On February 14, 2006, Microsoft AntiSpyware became Windows Defender with the release of Beta 2.", "paragraph_sentence": "On January 6, 2005, Microsoft released a Beta version of Microsoft AntiSpyware, based upon the previously released Giant AntiSpyware. <hl> On February 14, 2006, Microsoft AntiSpyware became Windows Defender with the release of Beta 2. <hl> Windows Defender is a freeware program designed to protect against spyware and other unwanted software. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 users who have genuine copies of Microsoft Windows can freely download the program from Microsoft's web site, and Windows Defender ships as part of Windows Vista and 7. In Windows 8, Windows Defender and Microsoft Security Essentials have been combined into a single program, named Windows Defender. It is based on Microsoft Security Essentials, borrowing its features and user interface. Although it is enabled by default, it can be turned off to use another anti-virus solution. Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner are two other free security products offered by Microsoft.", "paragraph_answer": "On January 6, 2005, Microsoft released a Beta version of Microsoft AntiSpyware, based upon the previously released Giant AntiSpyware. On February 14, 2006, Microsoft AntiSpyware became <hl> Windows Defender <hl> with the release of Beta 2. Windows Defender is a freeware program designed to protect against spyware and other unwanted software. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 users who have genuine copies of Microsoft Windows can freely download the program from Microsoft's web site, and Windows Defender ships as part of Windows Vista and 7. In Windows 8, Windows Defender and Microsoft Security Essentials have been combined into a single program, named Windows Defender. It is based on Microsoft Security Essentials, borrowing its features and user interface. Although it is enabled by default, it can be turned off to use another anti-virus solution. Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool and the optional Microsoft Safety Scanner are two other free security products offered by Microsoft.", "sentence_answer": "On February 14, 2006, Microsoft AntiSpyware became <hl> Windows Defender <hl> with the release of Beta 2.", "paragraph_id": "5d6732fc2b22cd4dfcfbf25a"}
{"question": "What does a hockey stick with a deep curve allow for?", "paragraph": "The ice hockey stick consists of a long, relatively wide, and slightly curved flat blade, attached to a shaft. The curve itself has a big impact on its performance. A deep curve allows for lifting the puck easier while a shallow curve allows for easier backhand shots. The flex of the stick also impacts the performance. Typically, a less flexible stick is meant for a stronger player since the player is looking for the right balanced flex that allows the stick to flex easily while still having a strong \"whip-back\" which sends the puck flying at high speeds. It is quite distinct from sticks in other sports games and most suited to hitting and controlling the flat puck. Its unique shape contributed to the early development of the game.", "answer": "lifting the puck easier", "sentence": "A deep curve allows for lifting the puck easier while a shallow curve allows for easier backhand shots.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ice hockey stick consists of a long, relatively wide, and slightly curved flat blade, attached to a shaft. The curve itself has a big impact on its performance. <hl> A deep curve allows for lifting the puck easier while a shallow curve allows for easier backhand shots. <hl> The flex of the stick also impacts the performance. Typically, a less flexible stick is meant for a stronger player since the player is looking for the right balanced flex that allows the stick to flex easily while still having a strong \"whip-back\" which sends the puck flying at high speeds. It is quite distinct from sticks in other sports games and most suited to hitting and controlling the flat puck. Its unique shape contributed to the early development of the game.", "paragraph_answer": "The ice hockey stick consists of a long, relatively wide, and slightly curved flat blade, attached to a shaft. The curve itself has a big impact on its performance. A deep curve allows for <hl> lifting the puck easier <hl> while a shallow curve allows for easier backhand shots. The flex of the stick also impacts the performance. Typically, a less flexible stick is meant for a stronger player since the player is looking for the right balanced flex that allows the stick to flex easily while still having a strong \"whip-back\" which sends the puck flying at high speeds. It is quite distinct from sticks in other sports games and most suited to hitting and controlling the flat puck. Its unique shape contributed to the early development of the game.", "sentence_answer": "A deep curve allows for <hl> lifting the puck easier <hl> while a shallow curve allows for easier backhand shots.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8d22b22cd4dfcfbcd4b"}
{"question": "What kind of training program does the NIH fund at several universities?", "paragraph": "Even though the MD and DO are first professional degrees and not doctorates of research (i.e., a PhD), many holders of the MD or DO degree conduct clinical and basic scientific research and publish in peer-reviewed journals during training and after graduation; an academic physician whose work emphasizes basic research is called a physician-scientist. Combined medical and research training is offered through programs granting MD-PhD or DO-PhD degrees. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) through its Medical Scientist Training Program funds MD-PhD training programs at many universities. Some MDs and DOs choose a research career and receive funding from the NIH as well as other sources such as the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. A few even go on to become Nobel Laureates. The United States Department of Education and the National Science Foundation do not include the MD or other professional doctorates among the degrees that are equivalent to research doctorates.", "answer": "Medical Scientist Training Program", "sentence": "The National Institutes of Health (NIH) through its Medical Scientist Training Program funds MD-PhD training programs at many universities.", "paragraph_sentence": "Even though the MD and DO are first professional degrees and not doctorates of research (i.e., a PhD), many holders of the MD or DO degree conduct clinical and basic scientific research and publish in peer-reviewed journals during training and after graduation; an academic physician whose work emphasizes basic research is called a physician-scientist. Combined medical and research training is offered through programs granting MD-PhD or DO-PhD degrees. <hl> The National Institutes of Health (NIH) through its Medical Scientist Training Program funds MD-PhD training programs at many universities. <hl> Some MDs and DOs choose a research career and receive funding from the NIH as well as other sources such as the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. A few even go on to become Nobel Laureates. The United States Department of Education and the National Science Foundation do not include the MD or other professional doctorates among the degrees that are equivalent to research doctorates.", "paragraph_answer": "Even though the MD and DO are first professional degrees and not doctorates of research (i.e., a PhD), many holders of the MD or DO degree conduct clinical and basic scientific research and publish in peer-reviewed journals during training and after graduation; an academic physician whose work emphasizes basic research is called a physician-scientist. Combined medical and research training is offered through programs granting MD-PhD or DO-PhD degrees. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) through its <hl> Medical Scientist Training Program <hl> funds MD-PhD training programs at many universities. Some MDs and DOs choose a research career and receive funding from the NIH as well as other sources such as the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. A few even go on to become Nobel Laureates. The United States Department of Education and the National Science Foundation do not include the MD or other professional doctorates among the degrees that are equivalent to research doctorates.", "sentence_answer": "The National Institutes of Health (NIH) through its <hl> Medical Scientist Training Program <hl> funds MD-PhD training programs at many universities.", "paragraph_id": "5d661b6d2b22cd4dfcfbd8dd"}
{"question": "How is classic Latin distinguished?", "paragraph": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels. During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "answer": "between long and short vowels", "sentence": "Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Classical Latin distinguished between long and short vowels . <hl> During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "paragraph_answer": "Classical Latin distinguished <hl> between long and short vowels <hl>. During the Classical period, long vowels, except for \u27e8I\u27e9, were frequently marked using the apex, which was sometimes similar to an acute accent \u27e8\u00c1 \u00c9 \u00d3 V\u0301 \u00dd\u27e9. Long /i\u02d0/ was written using a taller version of \u27e8I\u27e9, called i longa \"long I\": \u27e8\ua7fe\u27e9. In modern texts, long vowels are often indicated by a macron \u27e8\u0101 \u0113 \u012b \u014d \u016b\u27e9, and short vowels are usually unmarked, except when necessary to distinguish between words, in which case they are marked with a breve: \u27e8\u0103 \u0115 \u012d \u014f \u016d\u27e9.", "sentence_answer": "Classical Latin distinguished <hl> between long and short vowels <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6603cb2b22cd4dfcfbd592"}
{"question": "The Van Nelle fabriek, the Jugendstill clubhouse, and Feyenoord's football stadium were notable types of modern architecture in Rotterdam in what century?", "paragraph": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.\nIn the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nDuring the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "answer": "In the first decades of the 20th century", "sentence": "\n In the first decades of the 20th century , some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century , some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. <hl> Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century <hl>, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century <hl> , some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam.", "paragraph_id": "5d672adf2b22cd4dfcfbf160"}
{"question": "What did the town meetings do?", "paragraph": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded\u2014had enough land to support a family. Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "answer": "levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs", "sentence": "The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs .", "paragraph_sentence": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded\u2014had enough land to support a family. Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. <hl> The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs . <hl> The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "paragraph_answer": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded\u2014had enough land to support a family. Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting <hl> levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs <hl>. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "sentence_answer": "The town meeting <hl> levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667b3b2b22cd4dfcfbe072"}
{"question": "What is an example of a school that creates an acronym based on their main subject?", "paragraph": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "answer": "Gyowondae", "sentence": "Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\").", "paragraph_sentence": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") <hl> Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to Gyowondae (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). <hl> Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "paragraph_answer": "Some acronyms are shortened forms of the school's name, like how Hongik University (\ud64d\uc775\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hongik Daehakgyo) is shortened to Hongdae (\ud64d\ub300, \"Hong, the big [school]\" or \"Hong-U\") Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to <hl> Gyowondae <hl> (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\"). Other schools use a Koreanized version of their English acronym. The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (\ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc6d0, Hanguk Gwahak Gisulwon) is referred to as KAIST (\uce74\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8, Kaiseuteu) in both English and Korean. The 3 most prestigious schools in Korea are known as SKY (\uc2a4\uce74\uc774, seukai), combining the first letter of their English names (Seoul National, Korea, and Yonsei Universities). In addition, the College Scholastic Ability Test (\ub300\ud559\uc218\ud559\ub2a5\ub825\uc2dc\ud5d8, Daehak Suhang Neungryeok Siheom) is shortened to Suneung (\uc218\ub2a5, \"S.A.\").", "sentence_answer": "Other acronyms can refer to the university's main subject, e.g. Korea National University of Education (\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\uc6d0\ub300\ud559\uad50, Hanguk Gyowon Daehakgyo) is shortened to <hl> Gyowondae <hl> (\uad50\uc6d0\ub300, \"Big Ed.\" or \"Ed.-U\").", "paragraph_id": "5d657af82b22cd4dfcfbc95b"}
{"question": "What kind of movement is initiated from the centers of authority?", "paragraph": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt.  Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "answer": "top-down", "sentence": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\" top-down \") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_sentence": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. <hl> They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\" top-down \") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. <hl> Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "paragraph_answer": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"<hl> top-down <hl>\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "sentence_answer": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\" <hl> top-down <hl> \") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_id": "5d66561f2b22cd4dfcfbdc3e"}
{"question": "What is the elevation of Mount Aconcagua?", "paragraph": "The Andes are the world's highest mountain range outside of Asia. The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level. The peak of Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is farther from the Earth's center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes, including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "answer": "6,961 m", "sentence": "The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes are the world's highest mountain range outside of Asia. <hl> The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about 6,961 m (22,838 ft) above sea level. <hl> The peak of Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is farther from the Earth's center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes, including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes are the world's highest mountain range outside of Asia. The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about <hl> 6,961 m <hl> (22,838 ft) above sea level. The peak of Chimborazo in the Ecuadorean Andes is farther from the Earth's center than any other location on the Earth's surface, due to the equatorial bulge resulting from the Earth's rotation. The world's highest volcanoes are in the Andes, including Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border, which rises to 6,893 m (22,615 ft).", "sentence_answer": "The highest mountain outside Asia, Mount Aconcagua, rises to an elevation of about <hl> 6,961 m <hl> (22,838 ft) above sea level.", "paragraph_id": "5d6596ea2b22cd4dfcfbca36"}
{"question": "How much is the ratio among unaffiliated voters on the Democratic side?", "paragraph": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party.", "answer": "about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party", "sentence": "As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. <hl> As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are <hl> about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party <hl> of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are <hl> about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party <hl> of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party.", "paragraph_id": "5d6680b52b22cd4dfcfbe0ec"}
{"question": "What does equiconvex mean?", "paragraph": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "answer": "both surfaces have the same radius of curvature", "sentence": "If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature , the lens is equiconvex.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. <hl> If both surfaces have the same radius of curvature , the lens is equiconvex. <hl> A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "paragraph_answer": "Lenses are classified by the curvature of the two optical surfaces. A lens is biconvex (or double convex, or just convex) if both surfaces are convex. If <hl> both surfaces have the same radius of curvature <hl>, the lens is equiconvex. A lens with two concave surfaces is biconcave (or just concave). If one of the surfaces is flat, the lens is plano-convex or plano-concave depending on the curvature of the other surface. A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. It is this type of lens that is most commonly used in corrective lenses.", "sentence_answer": "If <hl> both surfaces have the same radius of curvature <hl> , the lens is equiconvex.", "paragraph_id": "5d6786f82b22cd4dfcfbfe02"}
{"question": "What motives start a  bottom-up decentralization?", "paragraph": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt.  Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "answer": "political values", "sentence": "Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability.", "paragraph_sentence": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. <hl> Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. <hl> Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "paragraph_answer": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses <hl> political values <hl> like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "sentence_answer": "Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses <hl> political values <hl> like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability.", "paragraph_id": "5d66561f2b22cd4dfcfbdc40"}
{"question": "When coalescence continues and drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance?", "paragraph": "Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops.  When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets. As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain.", "answer": "rain", "sentence": "As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain .", "paragraph_sentence": "Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops. When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets. <hl> As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as rain . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Coalescence occurs when water droplets fuse to create larger water droplets, or when water droplets freeze onto an ice crystal, which is known as the Bergeron process. The fall rate of very small droplets is negligible, hence clouds do not fall out of the sky; precipitation will only occur when these coalesce into larger drops. When air turbulence occurs, water droplets collide, producing larger droplets. As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as <hl> rain <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "As these larger water droplets descend, coalescence continues, so that drops become heavy enough to overcome air resistance and fall as <hl> rain <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67cf7b2b22cd4dfcfc0285"}
{"question": "A windward side of the island receives more or less rainfall than leeward sides?", "paragraph": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in).  Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March.  Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains.  Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "answer": "receive much more rainfall", "sentence": " Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall ; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in). Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March. Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains. <hl> Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and receive much more rainfall ; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Hawaii, Mount Wai\u02bbale\u02bbale, on the island of Kauai, is notable for its extreme rainfall, as it has the second highest average annual rainfall on Earth, with 12,000 millimetres (460 in). Storm systems affect the state with heavy rains between October and March. Local climates vary considerably on each island due to their topography, divisible into windward (Ko\u02bbolau) and leeward (Kona) regions based upon location relative to the higher mountains. Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and <hl> receive much more rainfall <hl>; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "sentence_answer": " Windward sides face the east to northeast trade winds and <hl> receive much more rainfall <hl> ; leeward sides are drier and sunnier, with less rain and less cloud cover.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ef7c2b22cd4dfcfbe5ff"}
{"question": "What company provides gas and electric to Manhattan?", "paragraph": "Gas and electric service is provided by Consolidated Edison to all of Manhattan. Con Edison's electric business traces its roots back to Thomas Edison's Edison Electric Illuminating Company, the first investor-owned electric utility. The company started service on September 4, 1882, using one generator to provide 110 volts direct current (DC) to 59 customers with 800 light bulbs, in a one-square-mile area of Lower Manhattan from his Pearl Street Station. Con Edison operates the world's largest district steam system, which consists of 105 miles (169 km)* of steam pipes, providing steam for heating, hot water, and air conditioning by some 1,800 Manhattan customers. Cable service is provided by Time Warner Cable and telephone service is provided by Verizon Communications, although AT&T is available as well.", "answer": "Consolidated Edison", "sentence": "Gas and electric service is provided by Consolidated Edison to all of Manhattan.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Gas and electric service is provided by Consolidated Edison to all of Manhattan. <hl> Con Edison's electric business traces its roots back to Thomas Edison's Edison Electric Illuminating Company, the first investor-owned electric utility. The company started service on September 4, 1882, using one generator to provide 110 volts direct current (DC) to 59 customers with 800 light bulbs, in a one-square-mile area of Lower Manhattan from his Pearl Street Station. Con Edison operates the world's largest district steam system, which consists of 105 miles (169 km)* of steam pipes, providing steam for heating, hot water, and air conditioning by some 1,800 Manhattan customers. Cable service is provided by Time Warner Cable and telephone service is provided by Verizon Communications, although AT&T is available as well.", "paragraph_answer": "Gas and electric service is provided by <hl> Consolidated Edison <hl> to all of Manhattan. Con Edison's electric business traces its roots back to Thomas Edison's Edison Electric Illuminating Company, the first investor-owned electric utility. The company started service on September 4, 1882, using one generator to provide 110 volts direct current (DC) to 59 customers with 800 light bulbs, in a one-square-mile area of Lower Manhattan from his Pearl Street Station. Con Edison operates the world's largest district steam system, which consists of 105 miles (169 km)* of steam pipes, providing steam for heating, hot water, and air conditioning by some 1,800 Manhattan customers. Cable service is provided by Time Warner Cable and telephone service is provided by Verizon Communications, although AT&T is available as well.", "sentence_answer": "Gas and electric service is provided by <hl> Consolidated Edison <hl> to all of Manhattan.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6322b22cd4dfcfbe7d8"}
{"question": "Where did the flag resolution appear from", "paragraph": "The 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a national flag did not yet exist, or was only nascent. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee. On May 10, 1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern \"it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States.\" However, the term, \"Standard,\" referred to a national standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the national standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag.", "answer": "the Marine Committee", "sentence": "The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee .", "paragraph_sentence": "The 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a national flag did not yet exist, or was only nascent. <hl> The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee . <hl> On May 10, 1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern \"it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States.\" However, the term, \"Standard,\" referred to a national standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the national standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag.", "paragraph_answer": "The 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a national flag did not yet exist, or was only nascent. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from <hl> the Marine Committee <hl>. On May 10, 1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern \"it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States.\" However, the term, \"Standard,\" referred to a national standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the national standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag.", "sentence_answer": "The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from <hl> the Marine Committee <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd292b22cd4dfcfbcfb5"}
{"question": "What of the United States does not possess international legal sovereignty?", "paragraph": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "answer": "the member states", "sentence": "Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_sentence": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. <hl> Additionally, the member states of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "While state governments within the United States may enact their own laws and prosecute crimes pursuant thereto, they are not sovereign in the Westphalian sense in international law which says that each State has sovereignty over its territory and domestic affairs, to the exclusion of all external powers, on the principle of non-interference in another State's domestic affairs, and that each State (no matter how large or small) is equal in international law. Additionally, <hl> the member states <hl> of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "sentence_answer": "Additionally, <hl> the member states <hl> of the United States do not possess international legal sovereignty, meaning that they are not recognized by other sovereign States such as, for example, France, Germany or the United Kingdom, nor do they possess full interdependence sovereignty, meaning that they cannot control movement of persons across state borders.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770a22b22cd4dfcfbfbcb"}
{"question": "Who did the Yugoslav Partisans assist in escaping from German POW camps?", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "Allied soldiers", "sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. <hl> These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of <hl> Allied soldiers <hl> who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of <hl> Allied soldiers <hl> who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b99e2b22cd4dfcfc00a2"}
{"question": "What new philosophical period was adopted by the high class colonist?", "paragraph": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "answer": "Enlightenment", "sentence": "This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment .", "paragraph_sentence": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. <hl> This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the Enlightenment . <hl> To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "paragraph_answer": "Socially, the colonial elite of Boston, New York, Charleston, and Philadelphia saw their identity as British. Although many had never been to Britain, they imitated British styles of dress, dance, and etiquette. This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the <hl> Enlightenment <hl>. To many of their inhabitants, the seaport cities of colonial America were truly British cities.", "sentence_answer": "This social upper echelon built its mansions in the Georgian style, copied the furniture designs of Thomas Chippendale, and participated in the intellectual currents of Europe, such as the <hl> Enlightenment <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6632612b22cd4dfcfbdaca"}
{"question": "what are the responsibilities of structural engineers?", "paragraph": "Structural engineers are responsible for engineering design and analysis. Entry-level structural engineers may design the individual structural elements of a structure, for example the beams, columns, and floors of a building. More experienced engineers may be responsible for the structural design and integrity of an entire system, such as a building.", "answer": "engineering design and analysis", "sentence": "Structural engineers are responsible for engineering design and analysis .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineers are responsible for engineering design and analysis . <hl> Entry-level structural engineers may design the individual structural elements of a structure, for example the beams, columns, and floors of a building. More experienced engineers may be responsible for the structural design and integrity of an entire system, such as a building.", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineers are responsible for <hl> engineering design and analysis <hl>. Entry-level structural engineers may design the individual structural elements of a structure, for example the beams, columns, and floors of a building. More experienced engineers may be responsible for the structural design and integrity of an entire system, such as a building.", "sentence_answer": "Structural engineers are responsible for <hl> engineering design and analysis <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67735b2b22cd4dfcfbfc39"}
{"question": "When was the first hockey game in Montreal?", "paragraph": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "answer": "1876", "sentence": "In 1876 , the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1876 , the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. <hl> In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1876 <hl>, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1876 <hl> , the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2532b22cd4dfcfbd0e0"}
{"question": "Prior to the 20th century, what were most reed's made from?", "paragraph": "The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane, but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. Saxophone reeds are proportioned slightly differently from clarinet reeds, being wider for the same length, although some soprano saxophonists use clarinet reeds on the soprano saxophone. Each size of saxophone (alto, tenor, etc.) uses a different size of reed. Reeds are commercially available in a vast array of brands, styles, and strengths. Players experiment with reeds of different strength (hardnesses) and material to find which strength and cut suits their mouthpiece, embouchure, physiology, and playing style.", "answer": "Arundo donax cane", "sentence": "Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane , but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials.", "paragraph_sentence": "The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. <hl> Most saxophonists use reeds made from Arundo donax cane , but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. <hl> Saxophone reeds are proportioned slightly differently from clarinet reeds, being wider for the same length, although some soprano saxophonists use clarinet reeds on the soprano saxophone. Each size of saxophone (alto, tenor, etc.) uses a different size of reed. Reeds are commercially available in a vast array of brands, styles, and strengths. Players experiment with reeds of different strength (hardnesses) and material to find which strength and cut suits their mouthpiece, embouchure, physiology, and playing style.", "paragraph_answer": "The saxophone uses a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. Most saxophonists use reeds made from <hl> Arundo donax cane <hl>, but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials. Saxophone reeds are proportioned slightly differently from clarinet reeds, being wider for the same length, although some soprano saxophonists use clarinet reeds on the soprano saxophone. Each size of saxophone (alto, tenor, etc.) uses a different size of reed. Reeds are commercially available in a vast array of brands, styles, and strengths. Players experiment with reeds of different strength (hardnesses) and material to find which strength and cut suits their mouthpiece, embouchure, physiology, and playing style.", "sentence_answer": "Most saxophonists use reeds made from <hl> Arundo donax cane <hl> , but since the 20th century some have also been made of fiberglass and other composite materials.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b9862b22cd4dfcfc0092"}
{"question": "How many students studied in the schools of Iskcon?", "paragraph": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries. Ranganiketan (literally \"House of Colorful Arts\") is a group of more than 20 dancers, musicians, singers, martial artists, choreographers and craft artisans.[citation needed] Some of them have received international acclaim.", "answer": "4000", "sentence": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than 4000 students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. <hl> In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries. Ranganiketan (literally \"House of Colorful Arts\") is a group of more than 20 dancers, musicians, singers, martial artists, choreographers and craft artisans.[citation needed] Some of them have received international acclaim.", "paragraph_answer": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than <hl> 4000 <hl> students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values. In 1989 he founded \"Ranganiketan Manipuri Cultural Arts Troupe\", which has approximately 600 performances at over 300 venues in over 15 countries. Ranganiketan (literally \"House of Colorful Arts\") is a group of more than 20 dancers, musicians, singers, martial artists, choreographers and craft artisans.[citation needed] Some of them have received international acclaim.", "sentence_answer": "Iskcon led by Bhaktisvarupa Damodara Swami started a network of schools in Northeastern India, where more than <hl> 4000 <hl> students receive education centred on Vaishnava spiritual values.", "paragraph_id": "5d6786662b22cd4dfcfbfdf8"}
{"question": "Atherosclerosis develops in what stage of life?", "paragraph": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "answer": "childhood", "sentence": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in childhood . <hl> The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "paragraph_answer": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in <hl> childhood <hl>. The Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Study demonstrated that intimal lesions appear in all the aortas and more than half of the right coronary arteries of youths aged 7\u20139 years.", "sentence_answer": "Population-based studies show that atherosclerosis, the major precursor of cardiovascular disease, begins in <hl> childhood <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65d6702b22cd4dfcfbce8a"}
{"question": "What is a significant limitation of Yield Line Theory in anticipating collapse loading?", "paragraph": "They can also be designed with yield line theory, where an assumed collapse mechanism is analysed to give an upper bound on the collapse load (see Plasticity). This technique is used in practice  but because the method provides an upper-bound, i.e. an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic.", "answer": "an unsafe prediction", "sentence": "an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic.", "paragraph_sentence": "They can also be designed with yield line theory, where an assumed collapse mechanism is analysed to give an upper bound on the collapse load (see Plasticity). This technique is used in practice but because the method provides an upper-bound, i.e. <hl> an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "They can also be designed with yield line theory, where an assumed collapse mechanism is analysed to give an upper bound on the collapse load (see Plasticity). This technique is used in practice but because the method provides an upper-bound, i.e. <hl> an unsafe prediction <hl> of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> an unsafe prediction <hl> of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6759032b22cd4dfcfbf7cc"}
{"question": "What did the 1921 economic policy bring?", "paragraph": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise. 91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. Importantly, Lenin declared that the development of socialism would not be able to be pursued in the manner originally thought by Marxists. Lenin stated \"Our poverty is so great that we cannot at one stroke restore full-scale factory, state, socialist production\". A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. Orthodox Marxists claimed at the time that Russia was ripe for the development of capitalism, not yet for socialism. Lenin advocated the need of the development of a large corps of technical intelligentsia to assist the industrial development of Russia and thus advance the Marxist economic stages of development, as it had too few technical experts at the time. The New Economic Policy was tumultuous; economic recovery took place but alongside famine (1921\u20131922) and a financial crisis (1924). However, by 1924, considerable economic progress had been achieved and by 1926 the economy regained its 1913 production level.", "answer": "restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise", "sentence": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise . <hl> 91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. Importantly, Lenin declared that the development of socialism would not be able to be pursued in the manner originally thought by Marxists. Lenin stated \"Our poverty is so great that we cannot at one stroke restore full-scale factory, state, socialist production\". A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. Orthodox Marxists claimed at the time that Russia was ripe for the development of capitalism, not yet for socialism. Lenin advocated the need of the development of a large corps of technical intelligentsia to assist the industrial development of Russia and thus advance the Marxist economic stages of development, as it had too few technical experts at the time. The New Economic Policy was tumultuous; economic recovery took place but alongside famine (1921\u20131922) and a financial crisis (1924). However, by 1924, considerable economic progress had been achieved and by 1926 the economy regained its 1913 production level.", "paragraph_answer": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the <hl> restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise <hl>. 91 percent of industrial enterprises were returned to private ownership or trusts. Importantly, Lenin declared that the development of socialism would not be able to be pursued in the manner originally thought by Marxists. Lenin stated \"Our poverty is so great that we cannot at one stroke restore full-scale factory, state, socialist production\". A key aspect that affected the Bolshevik regime was the backward economic conditions in Russia that were considered unfavourable to orthodox Marxist theory of communist revolution. Orthodox Marxists claimed at the time that Russia was ripe for the development of capitalism, not yet for socialism. Lenin advocated the need of the development of a large corps of technical intelligentsia to assist the industrial development of Russia and thus advance the Marxist economic stages of development, as it had too few technical experts at the time. The New Economic Policy was tumultuous; economic recovery took place but alongside famine (1921\u20131922) and a financial crisis (1924). However, by 1924, considerable economic progress had been achieved and by 1926 the economy regained its 1913 production level.", "sentence_answer": "The New Economic Policy was started in 1921 as a backwards step from war communism, with the <hl> restoration of a degree of capitalism and private enterprise <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675cda2b22cd4dfcfbf88f"}
{"question": "What kind of crops did South Carolina produce?", "paragraph": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced rice and indigo. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "answer": "rice and indigo", "sentence": "South Carolina produced rice and indigo .", "paragraph_sentence": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. <hl> South Carolina produced rice and indigo . <hl> North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "paragraph_answer": "Ethnicity made a difference in agricultural practice. As an example, German farmers generally preferred oxen rather than horses to pull their plows and Scots-Irish made a farming economy based on hogs and corn. Eventually cows were brought with the horses. They were more useful than horses for many reasons. Almost all the farms had cows on their land. In Ireland, people farmed intensively, working small pieces of land trying to get the largest possible production-rate from their crops. In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work done by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. By 1700, Philadelphia was exporting 350,000 bushels of wheat and 18,000 tons of flour annually. The Southern colonies in particular relied on cash crops such as tobacco and cotton. South Carolina produced <hl> rice and indigo <hl>. North Carolina was somewhat less involved in the plantation economy, but because a major producer of naval stores. Virginia and Maryland came to be almost totally dependent on tobacco, which would ultimately prove fatal at the end of the 18th century thanks to exhausted soil and collapsing prices, but for most of the century, the soil remained good and a single-crop economy profitable.", "sentence_answer": "South Carolina produced <hl> rice and indigo <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6607e52b22cd4dfcfbd639"}
{"question": "What was launched in 1993 on a small scale?", "paragraph": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "answer": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times", "sentence": "The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Irish edition of The Sunday Times was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). <hl> It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Irish edition of The Sunday Times <hl> was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor). It is now the third biggest-selling newspaper in the Republic of Ireland measured in terms of full-price cover sales (Source: ABC Jan\u2013June 2012). Circulation has grown steadily over the past two decades and stands at 127,336 on the island of Ireland (106,113 of which in the Republic. Circulation, in the Republic of Ireland, future declined to average weekly sales of 101,851, according to the ABC, in November 2012.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Irish edition of The Sunday Times <hl> was launched on a small scale on 1993 with just two staff, Alan Ruddock and John Burns (who is at present associate editor).", "paragraph_id": "5d674d7b2b22cd4dfcfbf5ad"}
{"question": "When was Samuel Pierpont Langley chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory?", "paragraph": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh. Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire. Due to the catastrophic nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the University time to regroup and rebuild. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond (now Forbes Avenue) streets (site of the present day City-County building) and classes resumed in 1855. It is during this era, in 1867, that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. Langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities and the university moved its campus to Allegheny City (present-day North Side).", "answer": "1867", "sentence": "It is during this era, in 1867 , that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh. Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire. Due to the catastrophic nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the University time to regroup and rebuild. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond (now Forbes Avenue) streets (site of the present day City-County building) and classes resumed in 1855. <hl> It is during this era, in 1867 , that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. <hl> Langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities and the university moved its campus to Allegheny City (present-day North Side).", "paragraph_answer": "The University's buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh. Classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way (on what was the site of the former Horne's department store). Only four years later, in 1849, this building also was destroyed by fire. Due to the catastrophic nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the University time to regroup and rebuild. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond (now Forbes Avenue) streets (site of the present day City-County building) and classes resumed in 1855. It is during this era, in <hl> 1867 <hl>, that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865. Langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities and the university moved its campus to Allegheny City (present-day North Side).", "sentence_answer": "It is during this era, in <hl> 1867 <hl> , that Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, inventor, aviation pioneer and future Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chosen as director of the Allegheny Observatory that was donated to WUP in 1865.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f2462b22cd4dfcfbe6db"}
{"question": "What is the opposite of a closed subroutine?", "paragraph": "As the name subprogram suggests, a subroutine behaves in much the same way as a computer program that is used as one step in a larger program or another subprogram. A subroutine is often coded so that it can be started (called) several times and from several places during one execution of the program, including from other subroutines, and then branch back (return) to the next instruction after the call once the subroutine's task is done.  Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with an open subroutine or macro.", "answer": "an open subroutine", "sentence": " Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with an open subroutine or macro.", "paragraph_sentence": "As the name subprogram suggests, a subroutine behaves in much the same way as a computer program that is used as one step in a larger program or another subprogram. A subroutine is often coded so that it can be started (called) several times and from several places during one execution of the program, including from other subroutines, and then branch back (return) to the next instruction after the call once the subroutine's task is done. <hl> Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with an open subroutine or macro. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "As the name subprogram suggests, a subroutine behaves in much the same way as a computer program that is used as one step in a larger program or another subprogram. A subroutine is often coded so that it can be started (called) several times and from several places during one execution of the program, including from other subroutines, and then branch back (return) to the next instruction after the call once the subroutine's task is done. Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with <hl> an open subroutine <hl> or macro.", "sentence_answer": " Maurice Wilkes, David Wheeler, and Stanley Gill are credited with the invention of this concept, which they termed a closed subroutine, contrasted with <hl> an open subroutine <hl> or macro.", "paragraph_id": "5d671cf82b22cd4dfcfbefa8"}
{"question": "Why is the decrease of events more easily seen in man than women?", "paragraph": "Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease. As the event rate is higher in men than in women, the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. In those without cardiovascular disease but risk factors statins appear to also be beneficial with a decrease in the risk of death and further heart disease. A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years.", "answer": "the event rate is higher in men than in women", "sentence": "As the event rate is higher in men than in women , the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women.", "paragraph_sentence": "Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease. <hl> As the event rate is higher in men than in women , the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. <hl> In those without cardiovascular disease but risk factors statins appear to also be beneficial with a decrease in the risk of death and further heart disease. A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years.", "paragraph_answer": "Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease. As <hl> the event rate is higher in men than in women <hl>, the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. In those without cardiovascular disease but risk factors statins appear to also be beneficial with a decrease in the risk of death and further heart disease. A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years.", "sentence_answer": "As <hl> the event rate is higher in men than in women <hl> , the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5132b22cd4dfcfbcc71"}
{"question": "When was the first Windows model designed?", "paragraph": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity.  Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "answer": "September 1981", "sentence": "The history of Windows dates back to September 1981 , when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The history of Windows dates back to September 1981 , when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. <hl> It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of Windows dates back to <hl> September 1981 <hl>, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name \"Windows\", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows.", "sentence_answer": "The history of Windows dates back to <hl> September 1981 <hl> , when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an electronic device and project Interface Manager was started.", "paragraph_id": "5d66eeac2b22cd4dfcfbe5cc"}
{"question": "What is boarding?", "paragraph": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \"Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. Not only are lacerations common, \"it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all [hockey] injuries. Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade.\"[citation needed] One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind. Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind, many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\"). Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\"). A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player's head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the opponent player's head. The most dangerous result of a head injury in hockey can be classified as a concussion. Most concussions occur during player-to-player contact rather than when a player is checked into the boards. Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered. Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there is no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious. This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention. Studies show that, ice hockey causes 44.3% of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children. In severe cases, the traumatic brain injuries are capable of resulting in death. Occurrences of death from these injuries are rare, but occur all too much in a variety of sports.", "answer": "delivering a check from behind", "sentence": "Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind , many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\").", "paragraph_sentence": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \"Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. Not only are lacerations common, \"it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all [hockey] injuries. Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade. \"[citation needed] One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind. <hl> Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind , many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\"). <hl> Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\"). A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player's head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the opponent player's head. The most dangerous result of a head injury in hockey can be classified as a concussion. Most concussions occur during player-to-player contact rather than when a player is checked into the boards. Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered. Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there is no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious. This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention. Studies show that, ice hockey causes 44.3% of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children. In severe cases, the traumatic brain injuries are capable of resulting in death. Occurrences of death from these injuries are rare, but occur all too much in a variety of sports.", "paragraph_answer": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \"Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. Not only are lacerations common, \"it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all [hockey] injuries. Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade.\"[citation needed] One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind. Due to the danger of <hl> delivering a check from behind <hl>, many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\"). Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\"). A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player's head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the opponent player's head. The most dangerous result of a head injury in hockey can be classified as a concussion. Most concussions occur during player-to-player contact rather than when a player is checked into the boards. Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered. Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there is no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious. This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention. Studies show that, ice hockey causes 44.3% of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children. In severe cases, the traumatic brain injuries are capable of resulting in death. Occurrences of death from these injuries are rare, but occur all too much in a variety of sports.", "sentence_answer": "Due to the danger of <hl> delivering a check from behind <hl> , many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\").", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8da2b22cd4dfcfbcd60"}
{"question": "How many people were sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters in Los Angeles County in 2013?", "paragraph": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "answer": "39,463", "sentence": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted 39,463 people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. <hl> When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "paragraph_answer": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted <hl> 39,463 <hl> people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters. When including persons sleeping on private property with permission to stay no more than 90 days, the estimated number of homeless in Los Angeles County is 57,737. The number of people in the latter category, called \"precariously housed\" or \"at risk of homelessness\", was estimated by means of a telephone survey. The number of homeless in Los Angeles County, including the precariously housed and at risk of homelessness, was 51,340 in 2011, of which 23,539 were in the City of Los Angeles, and 4,316 were in the 50 block area east of downtown Los Angeles informally known as Skid Row. It is estimated that 190,207 people are homeless in Los Angeles County at least one night during the year.", "sentence_answer": "In its January 2013 census, Los Angeles County counted <hl> 39,463 <hl> people sleeping on the street or in homeless shelters.", "paragraph_id": "5d665fc62b22cd4dfcfbdce6"}
{"question": "Why is the period that convective percipitation drops usually brief?", "paragraph": "Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus. It falls as showers with rapidly changing intensity. Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as convective clouds have limited horizontal extent. Most precipitation in the tropics appears to be convective; however, it has been suggested that stratiform precipitation also occurs. Graupel and hail indicate convection.  In mid-latitudes, convective precipitation is intermittent and often associated with baroclinic boundaries such as cold fronts, squall lines, and warm fronts.", "answer": "convective clouds have limited horizontal extent", "sentence": "Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as convective clouds have limited horizontal extent .", "paragraph_sentence": "Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus. It falls as showers with rapidly changing intensity. <hl> Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as convective clouds have limited horizontal extent . <hl> Most precipitation in the tropics appears to be convective; however, it has been suggested that stratiform precipitation also occurs. Graupel and hail indicate convection. In mid-latitudes, convective precipitation is intermittent and often associated with baroclinic boundaries such as cold fronts, squall lines, and warm fronts.", "paragraph_answer": "Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus. It falls as showers with rapidly changing intensity. Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as <hl> convective clouds have limited horizontal extent <hl>. Most precipitation in the tropics appears to be convective; however, it has been suggested that stratiform precipitation also occurs. Graupel and hail indicate convection. In mid-latitudes, convective precipitation is intermittent and often associated with baroclinic boundaries such as cold fronts, squall lines, and warm fronts.", "sentence_answer": "Convective precipitation falls over a certain area for a relatively short time, as <hl> convective clouds have limited horizontal extent <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6782e52b22cd4dfcfbfdb6"}
{"question": "What event caused the secession of West Virginia from Virginia?", "paragraph": "The power of Congress over territorial divisions that are not part of one of the states is exclusive and universal. Once a territory becomes a state of the Union, the state must consent to any changes pertaining to the jurisdiction of that state. The only potential violation of this occurred when the legislature of Virginia declared the secession of Virginia from the United States at the start of the American Civil War and a newly formed alternative Virginia legislature, recognized by the federal government, consented to have West Virginia secede from Virginia.", "answer": "American Civil War", "sentence": "The only potential violation of this occurred when the legislature of Virginia declared the secession of Virginia from the United States at the start of the American Civil War and a newly formed alternative Virginia legislature, recognized by the federal government, consented to have West Virginia secede from Virginia.", "paragraph_sentence": "The power of Congress over territorial divisions that are not part of one of the states is exclusive and universal. Once a territory becomes a state of the Union, the state must consent to any changes pertaining to the jurisdiction of that state. <hl> The only potential violation of this occurred when the legislature of Virginia declared the secession of Virginia from the United States at the start of the American Civil War and a newly formed alternative Virginia legislature, recognized by the federal government, consented to have West Virginia secede from Virginia. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The power of Congress over territorial divisions that are not part of one of the states is exclusive and universal. Once a territory becomes a state of the Union, the state must consent to any changes pertaining to the jurisdiction of that state. The only potential violation of this occurred when the legislature of Virginia declared the secession of Virginia from the United States at the start of the <hl> American Civil War <hl> and a newly formed alternative Virginia legislature, recognized by the federal government, consented to have West Virginia secede from Virginia.", "sentence_answer": "The only potential violation of this occurred when the legislature of Virginia declared the secession of Virginia from the United States at the start of the <hl> American Civil War <hl> and a newly formed alternative Virginia legislature, recognized by the federal government, consented to have West Virginia secede from Virginia.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e7f32b22cd4dfcfc03e6"}
{"question": "Which organization goes to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community?", "paragraph": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness. Government agencies respond. The following programs and policies acknowledge the phenomenon of homelessness, provide help to the homeless, and prevent further growth of the homeless population.", "answer": "National Alliance to End Homelessness", "sentence": "Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness.", "paragraph_sentence": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. <hl> Organizations like the National Alliance to End Homelessness go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness. <hl> Government agencies respond. The following programs and policies acknowledge the phenomenon of homelessness, provide help to the homeless, and prevent further growth of the homeless population.", "paragraph_answer": "The homeless community of the United States is aided in many ways from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations help the homeless by advocating or by physical and financial aid. Organizations like the <hl> National Alliance to End Homelessness <hl> go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness. Government agencies respond. The following programs and policies acknowledge the phenomenon of homelessness, provide help to the homeless, and prevent further growth of the homeless population.", "sentence_answer": "Organizations like the <hl> National Alliance to End Homelessness <hl> go to government officials and offices to speak on behalf of the homeless community calling for policy changes or for the creation of policy to help end homelessness.", "paragraph_id": "5d6662a42b22cd4dfcfbdd40"}
{"question": "When was SFN founded?", "paragraph": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries.  Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily:  as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries.  Annual meetings, held each year in a different American city, draw attendance from researchers, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as educational institutions, funding agencies, publishers, and hundreds of businesses that supply products used in research.", "answer": "1969", "sentence": " Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily:  as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries. <hl> Since its founding in 1969 the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries. <hl> Annual meetings, held each year in a different American city, draw attendance from researchers, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as educational institutions, funding agencies, publishers, and hundreds of businesses that supply products used in research.", "paragraph_answer": "The largest professional neuroscience organization is the Society for Neuroscience (SFN), which is based in the United States but includes many members from other countries. Since its founding in <hl> 1969 <hl> the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries. Annual meetings, held each year in a different American city, draw attendance from researchers, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduates, as well as educational institutions, funding agencies, publishers, and hundreds of businesses that supply products used in research.", "sentence_answer": " Since its founding in <hl> 1969 <hl> the SFN has grown steadily: as of 2010 it recorded 40,290 members from 83 different countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d672e842b22cd4dfcfbf1df"}
{"question": "Where is the official climate data for Manhattan recorded?", "paragraph": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, helping to moderate the amount of snow, which averages 25 inches (64 cm) each year. Spring and fall in New York City are mild, while summer is very warm and humid, with temperatures of 90 \u00b0F (32 \u00b0C) or higher recorded from 18 to 25 days on average during the season. The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "answer": "Central Park", "sentence": "Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "paragraph_sentence": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, helping to moderate the amount of snow, which averages 25 inches (64 cm) each year. Spring and fall in New York City are mild, while summer is very warm and humid, with temperatures of 90 \u00b0F (32 \u00b0C) or higher recorded from 18 to 25 days on average during the season. The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. <hl> Central Park is the location of record for the borough's climatic data. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Under the K\u00f6ppen climate classification, using the 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F) coldest month (January) isotherm, New York City including Manhattan itself experiences a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and located at around 40\u00b0N latitude, is the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis, helping to moderate the amount of snow, which averages 25 inches (64 cm) each year. Spring and fall in New York City are mild, while summer is very warm and humid, with temperatures of 90 \u00b0F (32 \u00b0C) or higher recorded from 18 to 25 days on average during the season. The city's long-term climate patterns are affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, a 70-year-long warming and cooling cycle in the Atlantic that influences the frequency and severity of hurricanes and coastal storms in the region. <hl> Central Park <hl> is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Central Park <hl> is the location of record for the borough's climatic data.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fe5a2b22cd4dfcfbe98c"}
{"question": "What department houses the BIA and OIA bureaus?", "paragraph": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "answer": "Department of the Interior", "sentence": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States <hl> Department of the Interior <hl> is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "sentence_answer": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States <hl> Department of the Interior <hl> is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "paragraph_id": "5d67eb5d2b22cd4dfcfc03f7"}
{"question": "What does pure communism mean?", "paragraph": "The ultimate goal of the Marxist\u2013Leninist economy is the emancipation of the individual from alienating work, and therefore freedom from having to perform such labour to receive access to the material necessities for life. It is argued that freedom from necessity would maximise individual liberty, as individuals would be able to pursue their own interests and develop their own talents while only performing labour by free will without external coercion. The stage of economic development in which this is possible is contingent upon advances in the productive capabilities of society. This advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation is called pure communism.", "answer": "advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation", "sentence": "This advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation is called pure communism.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ultimate goal of the Marxist\u2013Leninist economy is the emancipation of the individual from alienating work, and therefore freedom from having to perform such labour to receive access to the material necessities for life. It is argued that freedom from necessity would maximise individual liberty, as individuals would be able to pursue their own interests and develop their own talents while only performing labour by free will without external coercion. The stage of economic development in which this is possible is contingent upon advances in the productive capabilities of society. <hl> This advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation is called pure communism. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The ultimate goal of the Marxist\u2013Leninist economy is the emancipation of the individual from alienating work, and therefore freedom from having to perform such labour to receive access to the material necessities for life. It is argued that freedom from necessity would maximise individual liberty, as individuals would be able to pursue their own interests and develop their own talents while only performing labour by free will without external coercion. The stage of economic development in which this is possible is contingent upon advances in the productive capabilities of society. This <hl> advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation <hl> is called pure communism.", "sentence_answer": "This <hl> advanced stage of social relations and economic organisation <hl> is called pure communism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6705c72b22cd4dfcfbeadd"}
{"question": "When did Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College develop a system of sharing residential colleges?", "paragraph": "In 1969, Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College (then all male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges. When Haverford became coeducational in 1980, Bryn Mawr discussed the possibly of coeducation as well, but decided against it. In 1983, Columbia University began admitting women after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College for a merger along the lines of Harvard and Radcliffe (Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia since 1900, but it continues to be independently governed). Wellesley College also decided against coeducation during this time.", "answer": "In 1969", "sentence": "In 1969 , Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College (then all male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1969 , Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College (then all male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges. <hl> When Haverford became coeducational in 1980, Bryn Mawr discussed the possibly of coeducation as well, but decided against it. In 1983, Columbia University began admitting women after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College for a merger along the lines of Harvard and Radcliffe (Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia since 1900, but it continues to be independently governed). Wellesley College also decided against coeducation during this time.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> In 1969 <hl>, Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College (then all male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges. When Haverford became coeducational in 1980, Bryn Mawr discussed the possibly of coeducation as well, but decided against it. In 1983, Columbia University began admitting women after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College for a merger along the lines of Harvard and Radcliffe (Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia since 1900, but it continues to be independently governed). Wellesley College also decided against coeducation during this time.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In 1969 <hl> , Bryn Mawr College and Haverford College (then all male) developed a system of sharing residential colleges.", "paragraph_id": "5d6779a72b22cd4dfcfbfcca"}
{"question": "Where does most of the complexity lie with the nervous system?", "paragraph": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "answer": "brain", "sentence": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system ( brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system ( brain and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. <hl> In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "paragraph_answer": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system (<hl> brain <hl> and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system. In many species \u2014 including all vertebrates \u2014 the nervous system is the most complex organ system in the body, with most of the complexity residing in the brain. The human brain alone contains around one hundred billion neurons and one hundred trillion synapses; it consists of thousands of distinguishable substructures, connected to each other in synaptic networks whose intricacies have only begun to be unraveled. The majority of the approximately 20\u201325,000 genes belonging to the human genome are expressed specifically in the brain. Due to the plasticity of the human brain, the structure of its synapses and their resulting functions change throughout life. Thus the challenge of making sense of all this complexity is formidable.", "sentence_answer": "In vertebrates, the nervous system can be split into two parts, the central nervous system ( <hl> brain <hl> and spinal cord), and the peripheral nervous system.", "paragraph_id": "5d6710e72b22cd4dfcfbed24"}
{"question": "What is the recommended way to dispose of a tattered flag?", "paragraph": "The flag should never be allowed to touch the ground and, if flown at night, must be illuminated. If the edges become tattered through wear, the flag should be repaired or replaced. When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning. The American Legion and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14. (The Boy Scouts of America recommends that modern nylon or polyester flags be recycled instead of burned, due to hazardous gases being produced when such materials are burned.)", "answer": "burning", "sentence": "When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning .", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag should never be allowed to touch the ground and, if flown at night, must be illuminated. If the edges become tattered through wear, the flag should be repaired or replaced. <hl> When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning . <hl> The American Legion and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14. (The Boy Scouts of America recommends that modern nylon or polyester flags be recycled instead of burned, due to hazardous gases being produced when such materials are burned.)", "paragraph_answer": "The flag should never be allowed to touch the ground and, if flown at night, must be illuminated. If the edges become tattered through wear, the flag should be repaired or replaced. When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by <hl> burning <hl>. The American Legion and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag Day, June 14. (The Boy Scouts of America recommends that modern nylon or polyester flags be recycled instead of burned, due to hazardous gases being produced when such materials are burned.)", "sentence_answer": "When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by <hl> burning <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1e22b22cd4dfcfbcbb7"}
{"question": "What is \"sambass\"?", "paragraph": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "answer": "Brazilian drum and bass", "sentence": "S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound.", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. <hl> S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. <hl> In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] <hl> Brazilian drum and bass <hl> is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "sentence_answer": "S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] <hl> Brazilian drum and bass <hl> is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound.", "paragraph_id": "5d6600d12b22cd4dfcfbd55c"}
{"question": "Which type of stretched structure operates as a catenary in dual directions?", "paragraph": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always cable or fabric structures. A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "answer": "A fabric", "sentence": "A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always cable or fabric structures. <hl> A fabric structure acts as a catenary in two directions. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Catenaries derive their strength from their form, and carry transverse forces in pure tension by deflecting (just as a tightrope will sag when someone walks on it). They are almost always cable or fabric structures. <hl> A fabric <hl> structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A fabric <hl> structure acts as a catenary in two directions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6762ec2b22cd4dfcfbf978"}
{"question": "What's another thing the Dictionary calls religion and morality?", "paragraph": "Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality does not depend upon religion although for some this is \"an almost automatic assumption\". According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Ethics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with each other. Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides.\"", "answer": "action guides", "sentence": "Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality does not depend upon religion although for some this is \"an almost automatic assumption\". According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Ethics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with each other. <hl> Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or action guides .\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Religion and morality are not synonymous. Morality does not depend upon religion although for some this is \"an almost automatic assumption\". According to The Westminster Dictionary of Christian Ethics, religion and morality \"are to be defined differently and have no definitional connections with each other. Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or <hl> action guides <hl>.\"", "sentence_answer": "Conceptually and in principle, morality and a religious value system are two distinct kinds of value systems or <hl> action guides <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6703b52b22cd4dfcfbea80"}
{"question": "Which club is the dominant of the three professional clubs in the Netherlands?", "paragraph": "Feyenoord, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "answer": "Feyenoord", "sentence": "Feyenoord , founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Feyenoord , founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. <hl> It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Feyenoord <hl>, founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands. It won the European Cup (current Champions league) as the first Dutch club in 1970, and won the World Cup for club teams in the same year. In 1974, they were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Cup and in 2002, Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup again. In 2008, the year of their 100-year-anniversary, Feyenoord won the KNVB-cup.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Feyenoord <hl> , founded in 1908 and the dominant of the three professional clubs, has won fourteen national titles since the introduction of professional football in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_id": "5d672cfd2b22cd4dfcfbf1b0"}
{"question": "What is the purpose of quasi-reentrant?", "paragraph": "If a subprogram can function properly even when called while another execution is already in progress, that subprogram is said to be reentrant. A recursive subprogram must be reentrant. Reentrant subprograms are also useful in multi-threaded situations, since multiple threads can call the same subprogram without fear of interfering with each other. In the IBM CICS transaction processing system, quasi-reentrant was a slightly less restrictive, but similar, requirement for application programs that were shared by many threads.", "answer": "slightly less restrictive", "sentence": "In the IBM CICS transaction processing system, quasi-reentrant was a slightly less restrictive , but similar, requirement for application programs that were shared by many threads.", "paragraph_sentence": "If a subprogram can function properly even when called while another execution is already in progress, that subprogram is said to be reentrant. A recursive subprogram must be reentrant. Reentrant subprograms are also useful in multi-threaded situations, since multiple threads can call the same subprogram without fear of interfering with each other. <hl> In the IBM CICS transaction processing system, quasi-reentrant was a slightly less restrictive , but similar, requirement for application programs that were shared by many threads. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "If a subprogram can function properly even when called while another execution is already in progress, that subprogram is said to be reentrant. A recursive subprogram must be reentrant. Reentrant subprograms are also useful in multi-threaded situations, since multiple threads can call the same subprogram without fear of interfering with each other. In the IBM CICS transaction processing system, quasi-reentrant was a <hl> slightly less restrictive <hl>, but similar, requirement for application programs that were shared by many threads.", "sentence_answer": "In the IBM CICS transaction processing system, quasi-reentrant was a <hl> slightly less restrictive <hl> , but similar, requirement for application programs that were shared by many threads.", "paragraph_id": "5d675c982b22cd4dfcfbf881"}
{"question": "Who was the first Structural engineer that history knows by name?", "paragraph": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep, the first engineer in history known by name. Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "answer": "Imhotep", "sentence": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep , the first engineer in history known by name.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by Imhotep , the first engineer in history known by name. <hl> Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "paragraph_answer": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by <hl> Imhotep <hl>, the first engineer in history known by name. Pyramids were the most common major structures built by ancient civilizations because the structural form of a pyramid is inherently stable and can be almost infinitely scaled (as opposed to most other structural forms, which cannot be linearly increased in size in proportion to increased loads).", "sentence_answer": "Structural engineering dates back to 2700 B.C.E. when the step pyramid for Pharaoh Djoser was built by <hl> Imhotep <hl> , the first engineer in history known by name.", "paragraph_id": "5d675e6b2b22cd4dfcfbf8cc"}
{"question": "What group discovered the tin deposits in Colombia?", "paragraph": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "answer": "Seminole Group Colombia", "sentence": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the Seminole Group Colombia CI, SAS. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the <hl> Seminole Group Colombia <hl> CI, SAS.", "sentence_answer": "New deposits are reported to be in southern Mongolia, and in 2009, new deposits of tin were discovered in Colombia, by the <hl> Seminole Group Colombia <hl> CI, SAS.", "paragraph_id": "5d677d292b22cd4dfcfbfd56"}
{"question": "What are Statins effective in?", "paragraph": "Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease. As the event rate is higher in men than in women, the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. In those without cardiovascular disease but risk factors statins appear to also be beneficial with a decrease in the risk of death and further heart disease. A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years.", "answer": "Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease", "sentence": "Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease . <hl> As the event rate is higher in men than in women, the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. In those without cardiovascular disease but risk factors statins appear to also be beneficial with a decrease in the risk of death and further heart disease. A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease <hl>. As the event rate is higher in men than in women, the decrease in events is more easily seen in men than women. In those without cardiovascular disease but risk factors statins appear to also be beneficial with a decrease in the risk of death and further heart disease. A United States guideline recommends statins in those who have a 12% or greater risk of cardiovascular disease over the next ten years.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Statins are effective in preventing further cardiovascular disease in people with a history of cardiovascular disease <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c5132b22cd4dfcfbcc70"}
{"question": "Why were criminals sold as slaves?", "paragraph": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "answer": "no longer commit crimes in that area", "sentence": "Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area .", "paragraph_sentence": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. <hl> Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area . <hl> Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could <hl> no longer commit crimes in that area <hl>. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could <hl> no longer commit crimes in that area <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8882b22cd4dfcfbd492"}
{"question": "How many subscription exist?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times iPad app was named newspaper app of the year at the 2011 Newspaper Awards and has twice been ranked best newspaper or magazine app in the world by iMonitor. Various subscription packages exist, giving access to both the print and digital versions of the paper.", "answer": "Various", "sentence": "Various subscription packages exist, giving access to both the print and digital versions of the paper.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sunday Times iPad app was named newspaper app of the year at the 2011 Newspaper Awards and has twice been ranked best newspaper or magazine app in the world by iMonitor. <hl> Various subscription packages exist, giving access to both the print and digital versions of the paper. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times iPad app was named newspaper app of the year at the 2011 Newspaper Awards and has twice been ranked best newspaper or magazine app in the world by iMonitor. <hl> Various <hl> subscription packages exist, giving access to both the print and digital versions of the paper.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Various <hl> subscription packages exist, giving access to both the print and digital versions of the paper.", "paragraph_id": "5d674a3f2b22cd4dfcfbf527"}
{"question": "When was the book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism published?", "paragraph": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "answer": "1917", "sentence": "In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. <hl> In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. <hl> As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "paragraph_answer": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in <hl> 1917 <hl> in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "sentence_answer": "In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in <hl> 1917 <hl> in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6814242b22cd4dfcfc0560"}
{"question": "The Sunday Times took a more Thatcherite stance under which appointed editor that served until 1994?", "paragraph": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "answer": "Andrew Neil", "sentence": "Under Andrew Neil , editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Under Andrew Neil , editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. <hl> It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "paragraph_answer": "Under <hl> Andrew Neil <hl>, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "sentence_answer": "Under <hl> Andrew Neil <hl> , editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph.", "paragraph_id": "5d6719b52b22cd4dfcfbef41"}
{"question": "The largest green in Connecticut goes by which name?", "paragraph": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "answer": "Lebanon", "sentence": "Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state).", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. <hl> Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, Lebanon Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). <hl> Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New London, then northward up the Connecticut River to Hartford. Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, <hl> Lebanon <hl> Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state). Near the green typically stand historical visual symbols of New England towns, such as a white church, a colonial meeting house, a colonial tavern or \"inne,\" several colonial houses, and so on, establishing a scenic historic appearance maintained for both historic preservation and tourism.", "sentence_answer": "Many towns center around a \"green,\" such as the Litchfield Green, <hl> Lebanon <hl> Green (the largest in the state), and Wethersfield Green (the oldest in the state).", "paragraph_id": "5d65de6a2b22cd4dfcfbd000"}
{"question": "How do you read the notation g \u2218 f?", "paragraph": "That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y). In the notation \n\n\n\ng\n\u2218\nf\n\n\n{\\displaystyle g\\circ f}\n\n, the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order.  The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as \"g of f\" or \"g after f\". The composition \n\n\n\ng\n\u2218\nf\n\n\n{\\displaystyle g\\circ f}\n\n is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g. Assuming that, the composition in the opposite order \n\n\n\nf\n\u2218\ng\n\n\n{\\displaystyle f\\circ g}\n\n need not be defined. Even if it is, i.e., if the codomain of f is the codomain of g, it is not in general true that", "answer": "the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order", "sentence": "In the notation \n\n\n\ng\n\u2218\nf\n\n\n{\\displaystyle g\\circ f}\n\n, the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order .", "paragraph_sentence": "That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y). <hl> In the notation g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} , the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order . <hl> The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as \"g of f\" or \"g after f\". The composition g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g. Assuming that, the composition in the opposite order f \u2218 g {\\displaystyle f\\circ g} need not be defined. Even if it is, i.e., if the codomain of f is the codomain of g, it is not in general true that", "paragraph_answer": "That is, the value of x is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f(x) and then applying g to y to obtain z = g(y). In the notation g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} , <hl> the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order <hl>. The notation can be memorized by reading the notation as \"g of f\" or \"g after f\". The composition g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} is only defined when the codomain of f is the domain of g. Assuming that, the composition in the opposite order f \u2218 g {\\displaystyle f\\circ g} need not be defined. Even if it is, i.e., if the codomain of f is the codomain of g, it is not in general true that", "sentence_answer": "In the notation g \u2218 f {\\displaystyle g\\circ f} , <hl> the function on the right, f, acts first and the function on the left, g acts second, reversing English reading order <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d660cd52b22cd4dfcfbd711"}
{"question": "What year was the Queens-Midtown Tunnel finished?", "paragraph": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "answer": "1940", "sentence": "The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940 ; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it.", "paragraph_sentence": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. <hl> The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940 ; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. <hl> The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "paragraph_answer": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in <hl> 1940 <hl>; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "sentence_answer": "The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in <hl> 1940 <hl> ; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f23a2b22cd4dfcfbe6d2"}
{"question": "When did CNN establish Turkish-language CNN?", "paragraph": "TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in 1999. The Istanbul-based business and entertainment channel CNBC-e began broadcasting in 2000.", "answer": "1999", "sentence": "The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in 1999 .", "paragraph_sentence": "TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. <hl> The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in 1999 . <hl> The Istanbul-based business and entertainment channel CNBC-e began broadcasting in 2000.", "paragraph_answer": "TRT-Children is the only TRT television station based in Istanbul. Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. Samanyolu TV, Kanal D, and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turk\u2014both based in the city\u2014are mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in <hl> 1999 <hl>. The Istanbul-based business and entertainment channel CNBC-e began broadcasting in 2000.", "sentence_answer": "The BBC has a regional office in Istanbul, assisting its Turkish-language news operations, and the American news channel CNN established the Turkish-language CNN T\u00fcrk there in <hl> 1999 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6609422b22cd4dfcfbd676"}
{"question": "What factor influenced African legal codes, as cited by Dr Nehusi?", "paragraph": "According to Dr Kimani Nehusi, the presence of European slavers affected the way in which the legal code in African societies responded to offenders. Crimes traditionally punishable by some other form of punishment became punishable by enslavement and sale to slave traders.[citation needed] According to David Stannard's American Holocaust, 50% of African deaths occurred in Africa as a result of wars between native kingdoms, which produced the majority of slaves. This includes not only those who died in battles, but also those who died as a result of forced marches from inland areas to slave ports on the various coasts. The practice of enslaving enemy combatants and their villages was widespread throughout Western and West Central Africa, although wars were rarely started to procure slaves. The slave trade was largely a by-product of tribal and state warfare as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory, or financing future wars. However, some African groups proved particularly adept and brutal at the practice of enslaving, such as Oyo, Benin, Igala, Kaabu, Asanteman, Dahomey, the Aro Confederacy and the Imbangala war bands.", "answer": "the presence of European slavers", "sentence": "According to Dr Kimani Nehusi, the presence of European slavers affected the way in which the legal code in African societies responded to offenders.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> According to Dr Kimani Nehusi, the presence of European slavers affected the way in which the legal code in African societies responded to offenders. <hl> Crimes traditionally punishable by some other form of punishment became punishable by enslavement and sale to slave traders.[citation needed] According to David Stannard's American Holocaust, 50% of African deaths occurred in Africa as a result of wars between native kingdoms, which produced the majority of slaves. This includes not only those who died in battles, but also those who died as a result of forced marches from inland areas to slave ports on the various coasts. The practice of enslaving enemy combatants and their villages was widespread throughout Western and West Central Africa, although wars were rarely started to procure slaves. The slave trade was largely a by-product of tribal and state warfare as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory, or financing future wars. However, some African groups proved particularly adept and brutal at the practice of enslaving, such as Oyo, Benin, Igala, Kaabu, Asanteman, Dahomey, the Aro Confederacy and the Imbangala war bands.", "paragraph_answer": "According to Dr Kimani Nehusi, <hl> the presence of European slavers <hl> affected the way in which the legal code in African societies responded to offenders. Crimes traditionally punishable by some other form of punishment became punishable by enslavement and sale to slave traders.[citation needed] According to David Stannard's American Holocaust, 50% of African deaths occurred in Africa as a result of wars between native kingdoms, which produced the majority of slaves. This includes not only those who died in battles, but also those who died as a result of forced marches from inland areas to slave ports on the various coasts. The practice of enslaving enemy combatants and their villages was widespread throughout Western and West Central Africa, although wars were rarely started to procure slaves. The slave trade was largely a by-product of tribal and state warfare as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory, or financing future wars. However, some African groups proved particularly adept and brutal at the practice of enslaving, such as Oyo, Benin, Igala, Kaabu, Asanteman, Dahomey, the Aro Confederacy and the Imbangala war bands.", "sentence_answer": "According to Dr Kimani Nehusi, <hl> the presence of European slavers <hl> affected the way in which the legal code in African societies responded to offenders.", "paragraph_id": "5d66497b2b22cd4dfcfbdbf2"}
{"question": "What major fault is Istanbul located near?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "answer": "North Anatolian Fault", "sentence": "Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault , close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul is situated near the North Anatolian Fault , close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. <hl> This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is situated near the <hl> North Anatolian Fault <hl>, close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates. This fault zone, which runs from northern Anatolia to the Sea of Marmara, has been responsible for several deadly earthquakes throughout the city's history. Among the most devastating of these seismic events was the 1509 earthquake, which caused a tsunami that broke over the walls of the city and killed more than 10,000 people. More recently, in 1999, an earthquake with its epicenter in nearby \u0130zmit left 18,000 people dead, including 1,000 people in Istanbul's suburbs. The people of Istanbul remain concerned that an even more catastrophic seismic event may be in the city's near future, as thousands of structures recently built to accommodate Istanbul's rapidly increasing population may not have been constructed properly. Seismologists say the risk of a 7.6-magnitude or greater earthquake striking Istanbul by 2030 is more than 60 percent.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is situated near the <hl> North Anatolian Fault <hl> , close to the boundary between the African and Eurasian Plates.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ccea2b22cd4dfcfbcd94"}
{"question": "How many years it takes to get the degree in medicine in the Netherlands?", "paragraph": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "answer": "6", "sentence": "After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine).", "paragraph_sentence": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. <hl> After 6 years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). <hl> As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Netherlands, students receive three years of preclinical training, followed by three years of clinical training (co-assistentschappen, or co-schappen) in hospitals. At one medical faculty, that of Utrecht University, clinical training already begins in the third year of medical school. After <hl> 6 <hl> years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine). As a result of the Bologna process, medical students in the Netherlands now receive a bachelor's degree after three years in medical school and a master's degree upon graduation. Prospective students can apply for medical education directly after finishing the highest level of secondary school, vwo; previous undergraduate education is not a precondition for admittance.", "sentence_answer": "After <hl> 6 <hl> years, students graduate as Basisartsen (comparable to Doctors of Medicine).", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc202b22cd4dfcfbcf5e"}
{"question": "Where does the monsoon collect water?", "paragraph": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong. The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "answer": "Bay of Bengal", "sentence": "The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain.", "paragraph_sentence": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong. The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. <hl> The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the Bay of Bengal and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. <hl> The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The state is drenched in rains from May until mid-October. It receives an average annual rainfall of 1,467.5 millimetres (57.78 in). Rain distribution varies from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) in Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) in Tamenglong. The precipitation ranges from light drizzle to heavy downpour. The normal rainfall of Manipur enriches the soil and helps in agriculture and irrigation. The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the <hl> Bay of Bengal <hl> and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain. The climate is salubrious with approximate average annual rainfall varying from 933 millimetres (36.7 in) at Imphal to 2,593 millimetres (102.1 in) at Tamenglong. The temperature ranges from sub0 to 36 \u00b0C (32 to 97 \u00b0F).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The South Westerly Monsoon picks up moisture from the <hl> Bay of Bengal <hl> and heads toward Manipur, hits the eastern Himalaya ranges and produces a massive amount of rain.", "paragraph_id": "5d6710392b22cd4dfcfbed12"}
{"question": "Where did most early settlers come from?", "paragraph": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities. The English and the German Americans brought along multiple Protestant denominations. Several colonies had an \"established\" church, which meant that local tax money went to the established denomination. Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right.", "answer": "Britain and the Continent", "sentence": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent , with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in Britain and the Continent , with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities. <hl> The English and the German Americans brought along multiple Protestant denominations. Several colonies had an \"established\" church, which meant that local tax money went to the established denomination. Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in <hl> Britain and the Continent <hl>, with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities. The English and the German Americans brought along multiple Protestant denominations. Several colonies had an \"established\" church, which meant that local tax money went to the established denomination. Freedom of religion became a basic American principle, and numerous new movements emerged, many of which became established denominations in their own right.", "sentence_answer": "Most of the settlers came from Protestant backgrounds in <hl> Britain and the Continent <hl> , with a small proportion of Catholics (chiefly in Maryland) and a few Jews in port cities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6688412b22cd4dfcfbe204"}
{"question": "What year was the Secretary of State for the colonies officially named?", "paragraph": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially,  matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625.  From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768.", "answer": "1768", "sentence": " From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768 .", "paragraph_sentence": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625. <hl> From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1768 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "England, France and the Netherlands had also started colonies in both the West Indies and North America. They had the ability to build ocean-worthy ships, but did not have as strong a history of colonization in foreign lands as did Portugal and Spain. However, English entrepreneurs gave their colonies a base of merchant-based investment that seemed to need much less government support. Initially, matters concerning the colonies were dealt with primarily by the Privy Council and its committees. The first special body convened to advise on colonial (plantation) questions was the Commission of Trade set up in 1625. From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in <hl> 1768 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " From 1696 until the end of the revolution, colonial affairs were the responsibility of the Board of Trade in partnership with the relevant secretaries of state, which changed from the Secretary of State for the Southern Department to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in <hl> 1768 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6674e82b22cd4dfcfbdfbc"}
{"question": "In historical documents, what is the other word for townships?", "paragraph": "Towns and townships are subdivisions of counties. The terms townships and towns are closely related (in many historical documents the terms are used interchangeably). However, the powers granted to towns or townships varies considerably from state to state. In New England, towns are a principal form of local government, providing many of the functions of counties in other states. In California, by contrast, the pertinent statutes of the Government Code clarify that \"town\" is simply another word for \"city\", especially a general law city as distinct from a charter city.", "answer": "towns", "sentence": "Towns and towns hips are subdivisions of counties.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Towns and towns hips are subdivisions of counties. <hl> The terms townships and towns are closely related (in many historical documents the terms are used interchangeably). However, the powers granted to towns or townships varies considerably from state to state. In New England, towns are a principal form of local government, providing many of the functions of counties in other states. In California, by contrast, the pertinent statutes of the Government Code clarify that \"town\" is simply another word for \"city\", especially a general law city as distinct from a charter city.", "paragraph_answer": "Towns and <hl> towns <hl>hips are subdivisions of counties. The terms townships and towns are closely related (in many historical documents the terms are used interchangeably). However, the powers granted to towns or townships varies considerably from state to state. In New England, towns are a principal form of local government, providing many of the functions of counties in other states. In California, by contrast, the pertinent statutes of the Government Code clarify that \"town\" is simply another word for \"city\", especially a general law city as distinct from a charter city.", "sentence_answer": "Towns and <hl> towns <hl> hips are subdivisions of counties.", "paragraph_id": "5d6753722b22cd4dfcfbf70c"}
{"question": "Who was the first European to visit the Manhattan are?", "paragraph": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "answer": "King Francis I of France", "sentence": "In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City.", "paragraph_sentence": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. <hl> In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. <hl> He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "paragraph_answer": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of <hl> King Francis I of France <hl> \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "sentence_answer": "In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of <hl> King Francis I of France <hl> \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e5632b22cd4dfcfc03c9"}
{"question": "What was there moderate evidence of?", "paragraph": "The effect of a low-salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal-tensive people is small if present. In addition, the review suggested that a low-salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure. However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. Another review of dietary salt concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension, and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms. Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "answer": "Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality", "sentence": "Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality ; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "paragraph_sentence": "The effect of a low-salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal-tensive people is small if present. In addition, the review suggested that a low-salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure. However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. Another review of dietary salt concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension, and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms. <hl> Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality ; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The effect of a low-salt diet is unclear. A Cochrane review concluded that any benefit in either hypertensive or normal-tensive people is small if present. In addition, the review suggested that a low-salt diet may be harmful in those with congestive heart failure. However, the review was criticized in particular for not excluding a trial in heart failure where people had low-salt and -water levels due to diuretics. When this study is left out, the rest of the trials show a trend to benefit. Another review of dietary salt concluded that there is strong evidence that high dietary salt intake increases blood pressure and worsens hypertension, and that it increases the number of cardiovascular disease events; the latter happen both through the increased blood pressure and, quite likely, through other mechanisms. <hl> Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality <hl>; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Moderate evidence was found that high salt intake increases cardiovascular mortality <hl> ; and some evidence was found for an increase in overall mortality, strokes, and left ventricular hypertrophy.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3072b22cd4dfcfbcbf3"}
{"question": "What was completed in 2002?", "paragraph": "Many of Istanbul's sports facilities have been built or upgraded since 2000 to bolster the city's bids for the Summer Olympic Games. Atat\u00fcrk Olympic Stadium, the largest multi-purpose stadium in Turkey, was completed in 2002 as an IAAF first-class venue for track and field. The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final and remains the home field of \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor. \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Saraco\u011flu Stadium, Fenerbah\u00e7e's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion, and T\u00fcrk Telekom Arena opened in 2011 to replace Ali Sami Yen Stadium as Galatasaray's home turf. All three stadiums are elite Category 4 (formerly five-star) UEFA stadiums.[f]", "answer": "Atat\u00fcrk Olympic Stadium", "sentence": "Atat\u00fcrk Olympic Stadium , the largest multi-purpose stadium in Turkey, was completed in 2002 as an IAAF first-class venue for track and field.", "paragraph_sentence": "Many of Istanbul's sports facilities have been built or upgraded since 2000 to bolster the city's bids for the Summer Olympic Games. <hl> Atat\u00fcrk Olympic Stadium , the largest multi-purpose stadium in Turkey, was completed in 2002 as an IAAF first-class venue for track and field. <hl> The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final and remains the home field of \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor. \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Saraco\u011flu Stadium, Fenerbah\u00e7e's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion, and T\u00fcrk Telekom Arena opened in 2011 to replace Ali Sami Yen Stadium as Galatasaray's home turf. All three stadiums are elite Category 4 (formerly five-star) UEFA stadiums.[f]", "paragraph_answer": "Many of Istanbul's sports facilities have been built or upgraded since 2000 to bolster the city's bids for the Summer Olympic Games. <hl> Atat\u00fcrk Olympic Stadium <hl>, the largest multi-purpose stadium in Turkey, was completed in 2002 as an IAAF first-class venue for track and field. The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final and remains the home field of \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyespor. \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Saraco\u011flu Stadium, Fenerbah\u00e7e's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion, and T\u00fcrk Telekom Arena opened in 2011 to replace Ali Sami Yen Stadium as Galatasaray's home turf. All three stadiums are elite Category 4 (formerly five-star) UEFA stadiums.[f]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Atat\u00fcrk Olympic Stadium <hl> , the largest multi-purpose stadium in Turkey, was completed in 2002 as an IAAF first-class venue for track and field.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f14c2b22cd4dfcfbd35f"}
{"question": "Where do the RE.set Label and Bogota Project put on events?", "paragraph": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "answer": "Colombia", "sentence": "In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. <hl> In Colombia there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Despite its roots in the UK, which can still be treated as the \"home\" of drum and bass, the style has firmly established itself around the world. There are strong scenes in other English-speaking countries including Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United States and, New Zealand. It is popular throughout continental Europe, and in South America. S\u00e3o Paulo is sometimes called the drum and bass Ibiza.[citation needed] Brazilian drum and bass is sometimes referred to as \"sambass\", with its specific style and sound. In Venezuela and Mexico, artists have created their own forms of drum and bass combining it with experimental musical forms. In <hl> Colombia <hl> there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> Colombia <hl> there is a large underground scene, The RE.set Label and Bogot\u00e1 Project are two collectives that put on DnB events in the city, as well as a twice yearly event called Radikal Styles, that brings together local talent and international big names.", "paragraph_id": "5d6600d12b22cd4dfcfbd55d"}
{"question": "The DJ The Panacea, is what nationality?", "paragraph": "Born around the same time as jungle, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. German Drum and Bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading Digital Hardcore artists. Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore, a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep. There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries.", "answer": "German", "sentence": "German Drum and Bass DJ", "paragraph_sentence": "Born around the same time as jungle, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. <hl> German Drum and Bass DJ <hl> The Panacea is also one of the leading Digital Hardcore artists. Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore, a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep. There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries.", "paragraph_answer": "Born around the same time as jungle, breakcore and digital hardcore share many of the elements of drum and bass and to the uninitiated, tracks from the extreme end of drum and bass, may sound identical to breakcore thanks to speed, complexity, impact and maximum sonic density combined with musical experimentation. <hl> German <hl> Drum and Bass DJ The Panacea is also one of the leading Digital Hardcore artists. Raggacore resembles a faster version of the ragga influenced jungle music of the 1990s, similar to breakcore but with more friendly dancehall beats (dancehall itself being a very important influence on drum and bass). Darkcore, a direct influence on drum and bass, was combined with influences of drum and bass itself leading to the creation of darkstep. There is considerable crossover from the extreme edges of drum and bass, breakcore, darkcore, digital hardcore and raggacore with fluid boundaries.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> German <hl> Drum and Bass DJ", "paragraph_id": "5d6602a42b22cd4dfcfbd582"}
{"question": "Who was been defined by social conservatism since the mid-term elections of 2006?", "paragraph": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections. Both Republican majorities in the House and Senate were held until the Democrats regained control in the mid-term elections of 2006. The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "answer": "The Republican Party", "sentence": "The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections. Both Republican majorities in the House and Senate were held until the Democrats regained control in the mid-term elections of 2006. <hl> The Republican Party has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Senate majority lasted until 2001, when the Senate became split evenly but was regained in the 2002 elections. Both Republican majorities in the House and Senate were held until the Democrats regained control in the mid-term elections of 2006. <hl> The Republican Party <hl> has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Republican Party <hl> has since been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6748f82b22cd4dfcfbf501"}
{"question": "Who maintains exclusive jurisdiction over embassies and consulates in foreign countries?", "paragraph": "Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts.", "answer": "The Federal government", "sentence": "The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. <hl> The Federal government also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. <hl> Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts.", "paragraph_answer": "Other divisions include the federal district, insular areas administered by the Federal government, and American Indian reservations. <hl> The Federal government <hl> also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. Other special purpose divisions exist separately from those for general governance, examples of which include conservation districts and Congressional districts.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Federal government <hl> also maintains exclusive jurisdiction over military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770222b22cd4dfcfbfbba"}
{"question": "Who awards the European City of the Year award?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s. It remained quite windy and open until the city councils from the 1980s on began developing an active architectural policy. Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more 'livable' city centre with a new skyline. In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre.\nRotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism.", "answer": "Academy of Urbanism", "sentence": "\nRotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism .", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s. It remained quite windy and open until the city councils from the 1980s on began developing an active architectural policy. Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more 'livable' city centre with a new skyline. In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre. <hl> Rotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the Academy of Urbanism . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam was gradually rebuilt from the 1950s through to the 1970s. It remained quite windy and open until the city councils from the 1980s on began developing an active architectural policy. Daring and new styles of apartments, office buildings and recreation facilities resulted in a more 'livable' city centre with a new skyline. In the 1990s, the Kop van Zuid was built on the south bank of the river as a new business centre. Rotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the <hl> Academy of Urbanism <hl>.", "sentence_answer": " Rotterdam was voted 2015 European City of the Year by the <hl> Academy of Urbanism <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674a572b22cd4dfcfbf53b"}
{"question": "Who were targeted in killings in Backa?", "paragraph": "The repatriations at Bleiburg (although scholars disagree on how many people died and no number has been officially recognized or agreed upon) of retreating columns of Chetnik and Slovene Home Guard troops, and soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and thousands of civilians heading or retreating towards Austria to surrender to western Allied forces, have been called a \"massacre\". The \"foibe massacres\" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) shot Italian fascists, and suspected collaborationists and/or separatists. According to a mixed Slovene-Italian historical commission established in 1993, which investigated only on what happened in places included in present-day Italy and Slovenia, the killings seemed to proceed from endeavors to remove persons linked with fascism (regardless of their personal responsibility), and endeavors to carry out mass executions of real, potential or only alleged opponents of the Communist government. The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. During this purge, a large number of civilians from the associated ethnic group were also killed.", "answer": "suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists", "sentence": "The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists , and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility.", "paragraph_sentence": "The repatriations at Bleiburg (although scholars disagree on how many people died and no number has been officially recognized or agreed upon) of retreating columns of Chetnik and Slovene Home Guard troops, and soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and thousands of civilians heading or retreating towards Austria to surrender to western Allied forces, have been called a \"massacre\". The \"foibe massacres\" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) shot Italian fascists, and suspected collaborationists and/or separatists. According to a mixed Slovene-Italian historical commission established in 1993, which investigated only on what happened in places included in present-day Italy and Slovenia, the killings seemed to proceed from endeavors to remove persons linked with fascism (regardless of their personal responsibility), and endeavors to carry out mass executions of real, potential or only alleged opponents of the Communist government. <hl> The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists , and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. <hl> During this purge, a large number of civilians from the associated ethnic group were also killed.", "paragraph_answer": "The repatriations at Bleiburg (although scholars disagree on how many people died and no number has been officially recognized or agreed upon) of retreating columns of Chetnik and Slovene Home Guard troops, and soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and thousands of civilians heading or retreating towards Austria to surrender to western Allied forces, have been called a \"massacre\". The \"foibe massacres\" draw their name from the \"foibe\" pits in which Croatian Partisans of the 8th Dalmatian Corps (often along with groups of angry civilian locals) shot Italian fascists, and suspected collaborationists and/or separatists. According to a mixed Slovene-Italian historical commission established in 1993, which investigated only on what happened in places included in present-day Italy and Slovenia, the killings seemed to proceed from endeavors to remove persons linked with fascism (regardless of their personal responsibility), and endeavors to carry out mass executions of real, potential or only alleged opponents of the Communist government. The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of <hl> suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists <hl>, and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility. During this purge, a large number of civilians from the associated ethnic group were also killed.", "sentence_answer": "The 1944-1945 killings in Ba\u010dka were similar in nature and entailed the killing of <hl> suspected Hungarian, German and Serbian fascists <hl> , and their suspected affiliates, without regard to their personal responsibility.", "paragraph_id": "5d671fc22b22cd4dfcfbefed"}
{"question": "How do most major insurers exist?", "paragraph": "Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation.  Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups.  That is, they consist of holding companies which own several admitted and surplus insurers (and sometimes a few excess insurers and reinsurers as well).  There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether.  All major insurance groups in the U.S. that transact insurance in California maintain a publicly accessible list on their Web sites of the actual insurer entities within the group, as required by California Insurance Code Section 702.", "answer": "as insurance groups", "sentence": " Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups .", "paragraph_sentence": "Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation. <hl> Most major insurance companies actually exist as insurance groups . <hl> That is, they consist of holding companies which own several admitted and surplus insurers (and sometimes a few excess insurers and reinsurers as well). There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether. All major insurance groups in the U.S. that transact insurance in California maintain a publicly accessible list on their Web sites of the actual insurer entities within the group, as required by California Insurance Code Section 702.", "paragraph_answer": "Only the smallest insurers exist as a single corporation. Most major insurance companies actually exist <hl> as insurance groups <hl>. That is, they consist of holding companies which own several admitted and surplus insurers (and sometimes a few excess insurers and reinsurers as well). There are dramatic variations from one insurance group to the next in terms of how its various business functions are divided up among its subsidiaries or outsourced to third party corporations altogether. All major insurance groups in the U.S. that transact insurance in California maintain a publicly accessible list on their Web sites of the actual insurer entities within the group, as required by California Insurance Code Section 702.", "sentence_answer": " Most major insurance companies actually exist <hl> as insurance groups <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66ea992b22cd4dfcfbe529"}
{"question": "What groups did Marc. Bekoff and Jessica Pierce argue have morality?", "paragraph": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). They define morality as \"a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups.\" This suite of behaviors includes empathy, reciprocity, altruism, cooperation, and a sense of fairness. In related work, it has been convincingly demonstrated that chimpanzees show empathy for each other in a wide variety of contexts. They also possess the ability to engage in deception, and a level of social politics prototypical of our own tendencies for gossip and reputation management.", "answer": "all mammals living in complex social groups", "sentence": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by all mammals living in complex social groups (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). <hl> They define morality as \"a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups.\" This suite of behaviors includes empathy, reciprocity, altruism, cooperation, and a sense of fairness. In related work, it has been convincingly demonstrated that chimpanzees show empathy for each other in a wide variety of contexts. They also possess the ability to engage in deception, and a level of social politics prototypical of our own tendencies for gossip and reputation management.", "paragraph_answer": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by <hl> all mammals living in complex social groups <hl> (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees). They define morality as \"a suite of interrelated other-regarding behaviors that cultivate and regulate complex interactions within social groups.\" This suite of behaviors includes empathy, reciprocity, altruism, cooperation, and a sense of fairness. In related work, it has been convincingly demonstrated that chimpanzees show empathy for each other in a wide variety of contexts. They also possess the ability to engage in deception, and a level of social politics prototypical of our own tendencies for gossip and reputation management.", "sentence_answer": "Marc Bekoff and Jessica Pierce (2009) have argued that morality is a suite of behavioral capacities likely shared by <hl> all mammals living in complex social groups <hl> (e.g., wolves, coyotes, elephants, dolphins, rats, chimpanzees).", "paragraph_id": "5d67656d2b22cd4dfcfbf9cc"}
{"question": "Is the practice of using different colors on the U.S. flags a new trend?", "paragraph": "As with the design, the official colors are only officially required for flags produced for the U.S. federal government, and other colors are often used for mass-market flags, printed reproductions, and other products intended to evoke flag colors. The practice of using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new. As Taylor, Knoche, and Granville wrote in 1950: \"The color of the official wool bunting [of the blue field] is a very dark blue, but printed reproductions of the flag, as well as merchandise supposed to match the flag, present the color as a deep blue much brighter than the official wool.\"", "answer": "using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new", "sentence": "The practice of using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new .", "paragraph_sentence": "As with the design, the official colors are only officially required for flags produced for the U.S. federal government, and other colors are often used for mass-market flags, printed reproductions, and other products intended to evoke flag colors. <hl> The practice of using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new . <hl> As Taylor, Knoche, and Granville wrote in 1950: \"The color of the official wool bunting [of the blue field] is a very dark blue, but printed reproductions of the flag, as well as merchandise supposed to match the flag, present the color as a deep blue much brighter than the official wool.\"", "paragraph_answer": "As with the design, the official colors are only officially required for flags produced for the U.S. federal government, and other colors are often used for mass-market flags, printed reproductions, and other products intended to evoke flag colors. The practice of <hl> using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new <hl>. As Taylor, Knoche, and Granville wrote in 1950: \"The color of the official wool bunting [of the blue field] is a very dark blue, but printed reproductions of the flag, as well as merchandise supposed to match the flag, present the color as a deep blue much brighter than the official wool.\"", "sentence_answer": "The practice of <hl> using more saturated colors than the official cloth is not new <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6673ee2b22cd4dfcfbdf8b"}
{"question": "How are molecular biology and genetics useful?", "paragraph": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions. The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "answer": "understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions", "sentence": "At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions .", "paragraph_sentence": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. <hl> At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions . <hl> The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "paragraph_answer": "The study of the nervous system can be done at multiple levels, ranging from the molecular and cellular levels to the systems and cognitive levels. At the molecular level, the basic questions addressed in molecular neuroscience include the mechanisms by which neurons express and respond to molecular signals and how axons form complex connectivity patterns. At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to <hl> understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions <hl>. The morphology, molecular identity, and physiological characteristics of neurons and how they relate to different types of behavior are also of considerable interest.", "sentence_answer": "At this level, tools from molecular biology and genetics are used to <hl> understand how neurons develop and how genetic changes affect biological functions <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b2f22b22cd4dfcfbffc9"}
{"question": "What religion became popular in Constantinople?", "paragraph": "The establishment of Constantinople served as one of Constantine's most lasting accomplishments, shifting Roman power eastward as the city became a center of Greek culture and Christianity. Numerous churches were built across the city, including the Hagia Sophia which was built during the reign of Justinian the Great and remained the world's largest cathedral for a thousand years. Constantine also undertook a major renovation and expansion of the Hippodrome of Constantinople; accommodating tens of thousands of spectators, the hippodrome became central to civic life and, in the 5th and 6th centuries, the epicenter of episodes of unrest, including the Nika riots. Constantinople's location also ensured its existence would stand the test of time; for many centuries, its walls and seafront protected Europe against invaders from the east and the advance of Islam. During most of the Middle Ages, the latter part of the Byzantine era, Constantinople was the largest and wealthiest city on the European continent and at times the largest in the world.", "answer": "Christianity", "sentence": "The establishment of Constantinople served as one of Constantine's most lasting accomplishments, shifting Roman power eastward as the city became a center of Greek culture and Christianity .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The establishment of Constantinople served as one of Constantine's most lasting accomplishments, shifting Roman power eastward as the city became a center of Greek culture and Christianity . <hl> Numerous churches were built across the city, including the Hagia Sophia which was built during the reign of Justinian the Great and remained the world's largest cathedral for a thousand years. Constantine also undertook a major renovation and expansion of the Hippodrome of Constantinople; accommodating tens of thousands of spectators, the hippodrome became central to civic life and, in the 5th and 6th centuries, the epicenter of episodes of unrest, including the Nika riots. Constantinople's location also ensured its existence would stand the test of time; for many centuries, its walls and seafront protected Europe against invaders from the east and the advance of Islam. During most of the Middle Ages, the latter part of the Byzantine era, Constantinople was the largest and wealthiest city on the European continent and at times the largest in the world.", "paragraph_answer": "The establishment of Constantinople served as one of Constantine's most lasting accomplishments, shifting Roman power eastward as the city became a center of Greek culture and <hl> Christianity <hl>. Numerous churches were built across the city, including the Hagia Sophia which was built during the reign of Justinian the Great and remained the world's largest cathedral for a thousand years. Constantine also undertook a major renovation and expansion of the Hippodrome of Constantinople; accommodating tens of thousands of spectators, the hippodrome became central to civic life and, in the 5th and 6th centuries, the epicenter of episodes of unrest, including the Nika riots. Constantinople's location also ensured its existence would stand the test of time; for many centuries, its walls and seafront protected Europe against invaders from the east and the advance of Islam. During most of the Middle Ages, the latter part of the Byzantine era, Constantinople was the largest and wealthiest city on the European continent and at times the largest in the world.", "sentence_answer": "The establishment of Constantinople served as one of Constantine's most lasting accomplishments, shifting Roman power eastward as the city became a center of Greek culture and <hl> Christianity <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c4822b22cd4dfcfbcc49"}
{"question": "What year did the Supreme Court legalize same-sex marriage?", "paragraph": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "answer": "2015", "sentence": "Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015 , Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_sentence": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. <hl> Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015 , Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in <hl> 2015 <hl>, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "sentence_answer": "Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in <hl> 2015 <hl> , Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_id": "5d674cd32b22cd4dfcfbf59c"}
{"question": "In which year did WLIB become New York's first black-owned radio station?", "paragraph": "The television industry developed in New York and is a significant employer in the city's economy. The four major American broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox, as well as Univision, are all headquartered in Manhattan, as are many cable channels, including MSNBC, MTV, Fox News, HBO and Comedy Central. In 1971, WLIB became New York's first black-owned radio station and the crown jewel of Inner City Broadcasting Corporation. A co-founder of Inner City was Percy Sutton, a former Manhattan borough president and long one of the city's most powerful black leaders. WLIB began broadcasts for the African-American community in 1949 and regularly interviewed civil rights leaders like Malcolm X and aired live broadcasts from conferences of the NAACP. Influential WQHT, also known as Hot 97, claims to be the premier hip-hop station in the United States. WNYC, comprising an AM and FM signal, has the largest public radio audience in the nation and is the most-listened to commercial or non-commercial radio station in Manhattan. WBAI, with news and information programming, is one of the few socialist radio stations operating in the United States.", "answer": "1971", "sentence": "In 1971 , WLIB became New York's first black-owned radio station and the crown jewel of Inner City Broadcasting Corporation.", "paragraph_sentence": "The television industry developed in New York and is a significant employer in the city's economy. The four major American broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox, as well as Univision, are all headquartered in Manhattan, as are many cable channels, including MSNBC, MTV, Fox News, HBO and Comedy Central. <hl> In 1971 , WLIB became New York's first black-owned radio station and the crown jewel of Inner City Broadcasting Corporation. <hl> A co-founder of Inner City was Percy Sutton, a former Manhattan borough president and long one of the city's most powerful black leaders. WLIB began broadcasts for the African-American community in 1949 and regularly interviewed civil rights leaders like Malcolm X and aired live broadcasts from conferences of the NAACP. Influential WQHT, also known as Hot 97, claims to be the premier hip-hop station in the United States. WNYC, comprising an AM and FM signal, has the largest public radio audience in the nation and is the most-listened to commercial or non-commercial radio station in Manhattan. WBAI, with news and information programming, is one of the few socialist radio stations operating in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The television industry developed in New York and is a significant employer in the city's economy. The four major American broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox, as well as Univision, are all headquartered in Manhattan, as are many cable channels, including MSNBC, MTV, Fox News, HBO and Comedy Central. In <hl> 1971 <hl>, WLIB became New York's first black-owned radio station and the crown jewel of Inner City Broadcasting Corporation. A co-founder of Inner City was Percy Sutton, a former Manhattan borough president and long one of the city's most powerful black leaders. WLIB began broadcasts for the African-American community in 1949 and regularly interviewed civil rights leaders like Malcolm X and aired live broadcasts from conferences of the NAACP. Influential WQHT, also known as Hot 97, claims to be the premier hip-hop station in the United States. WNYC, comprising an AM and FM signal, has the largest public radio audience in the nation and is the most-listened to commercial or non-commercial radio station in Manhattan. WBAI, with news and information programming, is one of the few socialist radio stations operating in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1971 <hl> , WLIB became New York's first black-owned radio station and the crown jewel of Inner City Broadcasting Corporation.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a25b2b22cd4dfcfbfecf"}
{"question": "What is the current trend for women changing their names after marriage?", "paragraph": "The custom of a woman changing her name upon marriage is recent. It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names, and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "answer": "Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names", "sentence": "Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names , and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The custom of a woman changing her name upon marriage is recent. It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. <hl> Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names , and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The custom of a woman changing her name upon marriage is recent. It spread in the late 19th century in the upper classes, under French influence, and in the 20th century, particularly during the 1930s and 1940, it became socially almost obligatory. <hl> Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names <hl>, and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Nowadays, fewer women adopt, even officially, their husbands' names <hl> , and among those who do so officially, it is quite common not to use it either in their professional or informal life.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee4b2b22cd4dfcfbe5a9"}
{"question": "What political figure tried to coordinate defensive military matters?", "paragraph": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. From the 1670s several royal governors, notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. After King Phillips War, Andros successfully negotiated the Covenant Chain, a series of Indian treaties that brought relative calm to the frontiers of the middle colonies for many years.", "answer": "governors", "sentence": "From the 1670s several royal governors , notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters.", "paragraph_sentence": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. <hl> From the 1670s several royal governors , notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. <hl> After King Phillips War, Andros successfully negotiated the Covenant Chain, a series of Indian treaties that brought relative calm to the frontiers of the middle colonies for many years.", "paragraph_answer": "Efforts at common defense of the colonies (principally against shared threats from Indians, the French, and the Dutch) began as early as the 1640s, when the Puritan colonies of New England formed a confederation to coordinate military and judicial matters. From the 1670s several royal <hl> governors <hl>, notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters. After King Phillips War, Andros successfully negotiated the Covenant Chain, a series of Indian treaties that brought relative calm to the frontiers of the middle colonies for many years.", "sentence_answer": "From the 1670s several royal <hl> governors <hl> , notably Sir Edmund Andros (who at various times governed New York, New England, and Virginia) and Francis Nicholson (governed Maryland, Virginia, Nova Scotia, and Carolina) proposed or attempted to implement means to coordinate defensive and offensive military matters.", "paragraph_id": "5d6686872b22cd4dfcfbe1b6"}
{"question": "During which war did the Germany army invade the Netherlands?", "paragraph": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "answer": "World War II", "sentence": "During World War II , the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> During World War II , the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. <hl> Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "paragraph_answer": "During <hl> World War II <hl>, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "sentence_answer": "During <hl> World War II <hl> , the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ffb72b22cd4dfcfbe9cc"}
{"question": "Which Chinese university has joined with Pitt to collectively create an institute and program?", "paragraph": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns,  Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "answer": "Sichuan University", "sentence": "Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "paragraph_sentence": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. <hl> Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with Sichuan University in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt's study abroad program, under the auspices of UCIS, helps to facilitate student study in over a hundred different countries, and oversees a variety of programs including the Panther Programs, which are course taught abroad that have been developed and are accompanied by faculty of the university; two-way exchange agreements with foreign institutions; and Pitt-recognized, third-party exchange programs. The university also offers several study abroad scholarships, including those through the Nationality Rooms program. In addition, following the decision to end a 24-year sponsorship of the Semester at Sea program due to academic, administrative and safety concerns, Pitt has created a Multi-region Academic Program (PittMAP) that involves international travel, accompanied by university faculty, to three different continents for the comparative study of one of six rotating global study themes. Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with <hl> Sichuan University <hl> in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "sentence_answer": "Further, Pitt's Swanson School of Engineering has also established a joint engineering institute and program with <hl> Sichuan University <hl> in Chengdu, and Pitt's School of Medicine has established an exchange program for biomedical research students with Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7f12b22cd4dfcfc020a"}
{"question": "Which colony did Roger Williams establish?", "paragraph": "The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. They hoped this new land would serve as a \"redeemer nation\". They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe. Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony, which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "answer": "Rhode Island Colony", "sentence": "Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony , which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. They hoped this new land would serve as a \"redeemer nation\". They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe. <hl> Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony , which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. They hoped this new land would serve as a \"redeemer nation\". They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe. Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded <hl> Rhode Island Colony <hl>, which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "sentence_answer": "Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded <hl> Rhode Island Colony <hl> , which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "paragraph_id": "5d662fb42b22cd4dfcfbdab7"}
{"question": "What seperates the volcanic zones?", "paragraph": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "answer": "volcanic gaps", "sentence": "The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. <hl> The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by volcanic gaps . <hl> The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes range has many active volcanoes, which are distributed in four volcanic zones separated by areas of inactivity. The Andean volcanism is a result of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctic Plate underneath the South American Plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by <hl> volcanic gaps <hl>. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences inside volcanic zones and even between neighbouring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a large range of volcano-tectonic settings, such as rift systems and extensional zones, transpersonal faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains apart from a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths, and different amount of crustal assimilations.", "sentence_answer": "The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones that are separated from each other by <hl> volcanic gaps <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6696be2b22cd4dfcfbe31c"}
{"question": "Each Australian state gets what kind of representation regardless of population?", "paragraph": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "answer": "equal", "sentence": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is equal representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". <hl> Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "paragraph_answer": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is <hl> equal <hl> representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\". Tasmania, with a population of around 500,000, elects the same number of senators as New South Wales, which has a population of over 7 million. Because of this imbalance, governments favoured by the more populous states are occasionally frustrated by the extra power the smaller states have in the Senate, to the degree that former Prime Minister Paul Keating famously referred to the Senate's members as \"unrepresentative swill\". The proportional election system within each state ensures that the Senate incorporates more political diversity than the lower house, which is basically a two party body. The elected membership of the Senate more closely reflects the first voting preference of the electorate as a whole than does the composition of the House of Representatives, despite the large discrepancies from state to state in the ratio of voters to senators. This often means that the composition of the Senate is different from that of the House of Representatives, contributing to the Senate's function as a house of review.", "sentence_answer": "Each state elects the same number of senators, meaning there is <hl> equal <hl> representation for each of the Australian states, regardless of population, so the Senate, like many upper houses, does not adhere to the principle of \"one vote one value\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66d7f52b22cd4dfcfbe4bc"}
{"question": "Who wassaid to make rounds with the homeless and offering heling services from mental help, to counstling?", "paragraph": "The news article and video entitled, \"SF library offers Social Services to Homeless,\" speaks about the step of the San Francisco library having a full time social worker at the library to reduce and help homeless patrons. It mentions that Leah Esguerra, who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. She offers help in different forms that could range from linking patrons with services or providing them with mental health counseling. She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). The changes have garnered positive results from all patrons. Since this service started, staff at the library stated that they have noticed a drop in inappropriate behavior.", "answer": "Leah Esguerra", "sentence": "It mentions that Leah Esguerra , who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them.", "paragraph_sentence": "The news article and video entitled, \"SF library offers Social Services to Homeless,\" speaks about the step of the San Francisco library having a full time social worker at the library to reduce and help homeless patrons. <hl> It mentions that Leah Esguerra , who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. <hl> She offers help in different forms that could range from linking patrons with services or providing them with mental health counseling. She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). The changes have garnered positive results from all patrons. Since this service started, staff at the library stated that they have noticed a drop in inappropriate behavior.", "paragraph_answer": "The news article and video entitled, \"SF library offers Social Services to Homeless,\" speaks about the step of the San Francisco library having a full time social worker at the library to reduce and help homeless patrons. It mentions that <hl> Leah Esguerra <hl>, who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them. She offers help in different forms that could range from linking patrons with services or providing them with mental health counseling. She also supervises a 12-week vocational program that culminates in gainful employment in the library for the formerly homeless (Knight, 2010). The changes have garnered positive results from all patrons. Since this service started, staff at the library stated that they have noticed a drop in inappropriate behavior.", "sentence_answer": "It mentions that <hl> Leah Esguerra <hl> , who is a psychiatric social worker, has a usual routine which is done by making her rounds to different homeless patrons and greeting them to see if she could help them.", "paragraph_id": "5d65efd52b22cd4dfcfbd329"}
{"question": "What Bureau deals with Indian reservations?", "paragraph": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "answer": "Indian Affairs (BIA)", "sentence": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) ,", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) , <hl> and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "paragraph_answer": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of <hl> Indian Affairs (BIA) <hl>, and island dependencies, through the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA).", "sentence_answer": "In contrast to similarly named Departments in other countries, the United States Department of the Interior is not responsible for local government or for civil administration except in the cases of Indian reservations, through the Bureau of <hl> Indian Affairs (BIA) <hl> ,", "paragraph_id": "5d67eb5d2b22cd4dfcfc03f4"}
{"question": "Which code stated that both the legal and birth name are correct?", "paragraph": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "answer": "Argentine Civilian Code", "sentence": "The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. <hl> The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. <hl> Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "paragraph_answer": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The <hl> Argentine Civilian Code <hl> states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Argentine Civilian Code <hl> states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bde92b22cd4dfcfc011d"}
{"question": "what climate region of the united states has seen the greatest increase in precipitation?", "paragraph": "Increasing temperatures tend to increase evaporation which leads to more precipitation. Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30\u00b0N from 1900 to 2005 but has declined over the tropics since the 1970s.  Globally there has been no statistically significant overall trend in precipitation over the past century, although trends have varied widely by region and over time.  Eastern portions of North and South America, northern Europe, and northern and central Asia have become wetter.  The Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of southern Asia have become drier.  There has been an increase in the number of heavy precipitation events over many areas during the past century, as well as an increase since the 1970s in the prevalence of droughts\u2014especially in the tropics and subtropics.  Changes in precipitation and evaporation over the oceans are suggested by the decreased salinity of mid- and high-latitude waters (implying more precipitation), along with increased salinity in lower latitudes (implying less precipitation, more evaporation, or both).  Over the contiguous United States, total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6.1% per century since 1900, with the greatest increases within the East North Central climate region (11.6% per century) and the South (11.1%). Hawaii was the only region to show a decrease (-9.25%).", "answer": "East North Central", "sentence": " Over the contiguous United States, total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6.1% per century since 1900, with the greatest increases within the East North Central climate region (11.6% per century) and the South (11.1%).", "paragraph_sentence": "Increasing temperatures tend to increase evaporation which leads to more precipitation. Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30\u00b0N from 1900 to 2005 but has declined over the tropics since the 1970s. Globally there has been no statistically significant overall trend in precipitation over the past century, although trends have varied widely by region and over time. Eastern portions of North and South America, northern Europe, and northern and central Asia have become wetter. The Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of southern Asia have become drier. There has been an increase in the number of heavy precipitation events over many areas during the past century, as well as an increase since the 1970s in the prevalence of droughts\u2014especially in the tropics and subtropics. Changes in precipitation and evaporation over the oceans are suggested by the decreased salinity of mid- and high-latitude waters (implying more precipitation), along with increased salinity in lower latitudes (implying less precipitation, more evaporation, or both). <hl> Over the contiguous United States, total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6.1% per century since 1900, with the greatest increases within the East North Central climate region (11.6% per century) and the South (11.1%). <hl> Hawaii was the only region to show a decrease (-9.25%).", "paragraph_answer": "Increasing temperatures tend to increase evaporation which leads to more precipitation. Precipitation has generally increased over land north of 30\u00b0N from 1900 to 2005 but has declined over the tropics since the 1970s. Globally there has been no statistically significant overall trend in precipitation over the past century, although trends have varied widely by region and over time. Eastern portions of North and South America, northern Europe, and northern and central Asia have become wetter. The Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of southern Asia have become drier. There has been an increase in the number of heavy precipitation events over many areas during the past century, as well as an increase since the 1970s in the prevalence of droughts\u2014especially in the tropics and subtropics. Changes in precipitation and evaporation over the oceans are suggested by the decreased salinity of mid- and high-latitude waters (implying more precipitation), along with increased salinity in lower latitudes (implying less precipitation, more evaporation, or both). Over the contiguous United States, total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6.1% per century since 1900, with the greatest increases within the <hl> East North Central <hl> climate region (11.6% per century) and the South (11.1%). Hawaii was the only region to show a decrease (-9.25%).", "sentence_answer": " Over the contiguous United States, total annual precipitation increased at an average rate of 6.1% per century since 1900, with the greatest increases within the <hl> East North Central <hl> climate region (11.6% per century) and the South (11.1%).", "paragraph_id": "5d671a3a2b22cd4dfcfbef4d"}
{"question": "How many first-team All-American players as Pitt produced?", "paragraph": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "answer": "88", "sentence": "Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "paragraph_sentence": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. <hl> Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast 88 players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Traditionally the most popular sport at the University of Pittsburgh, football has been played at the highest levels at the University since 1890. During the more than 100 years of competitive football at Pitt, the University has helped pioneer the sport by, among other things, instituting the use of numbers on jerseys and desegregating the Sugar Bowl. Some of college football's all-time greatest coaches and players have plied their trade at Pitt, including Pop Warner, Jock Sutherland, Marshall Goldberg, Joe Schmidt, Mike Ditka, Tony Dorsett, Hugh Green, Mark May, Dan Marino, Bill Fralic, Curtis Martin, Darrelle Revis, Russ Grimm, LeSean McCoy and Larry Fitzgerald. Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast <hl> 88 <hl> players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "sentence_answer": "Among the top schools in terms of all-time wins, Pitt teams have claimed nine National Championships and boast <hl> 88 <hl> players that have been chosen as first-team All-Americans.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8772b22cd4dfcfbe87e"}
{"question": "How can the music of Louis Anderson be described?", "paragraph": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "answer": "anti-romantic", "sentence": "The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic .", "paragraph_sentence": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. <hl> The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly anti-romantic . <hl> Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "paragraph_answer": "Though representing a general return to certain notions of music-making that are often considered to be classical or romantic[citation needed], not all postmodern composers have eschewed the experimentalist or academic tenets of modernism. The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly <hl> anti-romantic <hl>. Eclecticism and freedom of expression, in reaction to the rigidity and aesthetic limitations of modernism, are the hallmarks of the postmodern influence in musical composition.", "sentence_answer": "The works of Dutch composer Louis Andriessen, for example, exhibit experimentalist preoccupation that is decidedly <hl> anti-romantic <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6724c12b22cd4dfcfbf089"}
{"question": "In what part of the country do most republican conservatives reside?", "paragraph": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "answer": "South, Mountain West and Midwest", "sentence": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest , where they draw support from social conservatives.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Republican conservatives are strongest in the South, Mountain West and Midwest , where they draw support from social conservatives. <hl> The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "paragraph_answer": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the <hl> South, Mountain West and Midwest <hl>, where they draw support from social conservatives. The moderates tend to dominate the party in New England, and used to be well represented in all states. From the 1940s to the 1970s under such leaders as Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, they usually dominated the presidential wing of the party. Since the 1970s, they have been less powerful, though they are always represented in the cabinets of Republican presidents. In Vermont, Jim Jeffords, a Republican Senator became an independent in 2001 due to growing disagreement with President Bush and the party leadership. In addition, moderate Republicans have recently held the governorships in several New England States, while Lincoln Chafee, a former moderate Republican senator is an independent-turned-Democrat former governor of Rhode Island. Former Senator Olympia Snowe and current Senator Susan Collins, both of Maine, and former Senator Scott Brown of Massachusetts are notable moderate Republicans from New England. From 1991 to 2007, moderate Republicans served as governors of Massachusetts. Prominent Republican moderates have included former Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard M. Nixon, Gerald Ford, and George Bush Sr., as well as former Senate leaders Howard Baker and Bob Dole, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, and former New York City Mayors Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg.", "sentence_answer": "Republican conservatives are strongest in the <hl> South, Mountain West and Midwest <hl> , where they draw support from social conservatives.", "paragraph_id": "5d6743c62b22cd4dfcfbf45c"}
{"question": "What does OSHA stand for?", "paragraph": "People can be exposed to tin in the workplace by breathing it in, skin contact, and eye contact. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 100 mg/m3, tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "answer": "The Occupational Safety and Health Administration", "sentence": "The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday.", "paragraph_sentence": "People can be exposed to tin in the workplace by breathing it in, skin contact, and eye contact. <hl> The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. <hl> The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 100 mg/m3, tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "paragraph_answer": "People can be exposed to tin in the workplace by breathing it in, skin contact, and eye contact. <hl> The Occupational Safety and Health Administration <hl> (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 100 mg/m3, tin is immediately dangerous to life and health.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Occupational Safety and Health Administration <hl> (OSHA) has set the legal limit (Permissible exposure limit) for tin exposure in the workplace as 2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday.", "paragraph_id": "5d674e7f2b22cd4dfcfbf5ec"}
{"question": "who is specialized in industrial structures?", "paragraph": "Structural engineers often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.", "answer": "Structural engineers", "sentence": "Structural engineers often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural engineers often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Structural engineers <hl> often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Structural engineers <hl> often specialize in particular fields, such as bridge engineering, building engineering, pipeline engineering, industrial structures, or special mechanical structures such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.", "paragraph_id": "5d67755a2b22cd4dfcfbfc9f"}
{"question": "What is one example of how the names are used in India?", "paragraph": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. In telephone directories the surname is used for collation. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "answer": "In telephone directories the surname is used for collation", "sentence": "In telephone directories the surname is used for collation .", "paragraph_sentence": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. <hl> In telephone directories the surname is used for collation . <hl> In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Indian surnames may often denote caste, profession, and village and are invariably mentioned along with the personal names. However, hereditary last names are not universal. In Indian passports the surname is shown first. <hl> In telephone directories the surname is used for collation <hl>. In North Indian states the surname is placed after given names where it exists. In south India, where use of two names is by no means universal, surname is placed before personal name and in most cases it is only shown as an initial (for example 'S.' for Suryapeth).[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In telephone directories the surname is used for collation <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67a5362b22cd4dfcfbfee4"}
{"question": "What is precipitation a major component of?", "paragraph": "Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres (28.1 in). Climate classification systems such as the K\u00f6ppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes.", "answer": "the water cycle", "sentence": "Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle , and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle , and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. <hl> Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres (28.1 in). Climate classification systems such as the K\u00f6ppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes.", "paragraph_answer": "Precipitation is a major component of <hl> the water cycle <hl>, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres (28.1 in). Climate classification systems such as the K\u00f6ppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes.", "sentence_answer": "Precipitation is a major component of <hl> the water cycle <hl> , and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b93f2b22cd4dfcfc007e"}
{"question": "What act allows DC to have an elected mayor and city council?", "paragraph": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "answer": "District of Columbia Home Rule Act", "sentence": "The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council.", "paragraph_sentence": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. <hl> The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the District of Columbia Home Rule Act provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. <hl> Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "paragraph_answer": "A separate federal district, the District of Columbia (DC), which is under the direct authority of Congress, was formed from land ceded to the Federal Government by the states of Maryland and Virginia; however, the territory ceded by Virginia was returned to that state in 1846. The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the <hl> District of Columbia Home Rule Act <hl> provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council. Residents of the District can vote in presidential elections, as the twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution grants the District three electors in the Electoral College.", "sentence_answer": "The District does not form part of any state and the United States Congress exercises \"exclusive jurisdiction in all cases whatsoever\", over the city; however, the <hl> District of Columbia Home Rule Act <hl> provides for limited home rule, including an elected mayor and city council.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ee052b22cd4dfcfc041a"}
{"question": "What were legal obstacles to gender equality in first wave feminism?", "paragraph": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "answer": "overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights)", "sentence": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights) , second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights) , second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. <hl> Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_answer": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and <hl> overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights) <hl>, second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "sentence_answer": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and <hl> overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights) <hl> , second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities.", "paragraph_id": "5d670b4c2b22cd4dfcfbebd9"}
{"question": "Where is Bomarsund located?", "paragraph": "During the Crimean War, a joint British and French fleet attacked the Russian fortresses in the Baltic. They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki; and Kronstadt, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed Bomarsund in the \u00c5land Islands. After the unification of Germany in 1871, the whole southern coast became German. World War I was partly fought in the Baltic Sea. After 1920 Poland was connected to the Baltic Sea by the Polish Corridor and enlarged the port of Gdynia in rivalry with the port of the Free City of Danzig.", "answer": "in the \u00c5land Islands", "sentence": "They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki; and Kronstadt, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed Bomarsund in the \u00c5land Islands .", "paragraph_sentence": "During the Crimean War, a joint British and French fleet attacked the Russian fortresses in the Baltic. <hl> They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki; and Kronstadt, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed Bomarsund in the \u00c5land Islands . <hl> After the unification of Germany in 1871, the whole southern coast became German. World War I was partly fought in the Baltic Sea. After 1920 Poland was connected to the Baltic Sea by the Polish Corridor and enlarged the port of Gdynia in rivalry with the port of the Free City of Danzig.", "paragraph_answer": "During the Crimean War, a joint British and French fleet attacked the Russian fortresses in the Baltic. They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki; and Kronstadt, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed Bomarsund <hl> in the \u00c5land Islands <hl>. After the unification of Germany in 1871, the whole southern coast became German. World War I was partly fought in the Baltic Sea. After 1920 Poland was connected to the Baltic Sea by the Polish Corridor and enlarged the port of Gdynia in rivalry with the port of the Free City of Danzig.", "sentence_answer": "They bombarded Sveaborg, which guards Helsinki; and Kronstadt, which guards Saint Petersburg; and they destroyed Bomarsund <hl> in the \u00c5land Islands <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d663bec2b22cd4dfcfbdb3d"}
{"question": "How are unknown coordinates denoted?", "paragraph": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas, as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7).  The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space. This custom comes from a convention of algebra, which uses letters near the end of the alphabet for unknown values (such as were the coordinates of points in many geometric problems), and letters near the beginning for given quantities.", "answer": "by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space", "sentence": " The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas, as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7). <hl> The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space . <hl> This custom comes from a convention of algebra, which uses letters near the end of the alphabet for unknown values (such as were the coordinates of points in many geometric problems), and letters near the beginning for given quantities.", "paragraph_answer": "The Cartesian coordinates of a point are usually written in parentheses and separated by commas, as in (10, 5) or (3, 5, 7). The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted <hl> by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space <hl>. This custom comes from a convention of algebra, which uses letters near the end of the alphabet for unknown values (such as were the coordinates of points in many geometric problems), and letters near the beginning for given quantities.", "sentence_answer": " The origin is often labelled with the capital letter O. In analytic geometry, unknown or generic coordinates are often denoted <hl> by the letters (x, y) in the plane, and (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d661e962b22cd4dfcfbd948"}
{"question": "How are elements positioned often in Ancient Greek sculpture?", "paragraph": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "answer": "fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth", "sentence": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth . <hl> The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "paragraph_answer": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often <hl> fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth <hl>. The metopes of the Parthenon have largely lost their fully rounded elements, except for heads, showing the advantages of relief in terms of durability. High relief has remained the dominant form for reliefs with figures in Western sculpture, also being common in Indian temple sculpture. Smaller Greek sculptures such as private tombs, and smaller decorative areas such as friezes on large buildings, more often used low relief.", "sentence_answer": "Most of the many grand figure reliefs in Ancient Greek sculpture used a very \"high\" version of high-relief, with elements often <hl> fully free of the background, and parts of figures crossing over each other to indicate depth <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67fbf22b22cd4dfcfc04d9"}
{"question": "What must be held in a major party?", "paragraph": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. The convention may choose to endorse a candidate, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "answer": "a party convention for the office's constituency", "sentence": "In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In a major party, a party convention for the office's constituency must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. <hl> The convention may choose to endorse a candidate, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "paragraph_answer": "In a major party, <hl> a party convention for the office's constituency <hl> must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee. The convention may choose to endorse a candidate, who will appear on the ballot unless additional candidates meet a petition threshold for a primary election; if at least one candidate meets the petition threshold, the endorsed candidate and all who meet the threshold appear on the primary ballot, and the winner of the primary election appears on the party line for that office.", "sentence_answer": "In a major party, <hl> a party convention for the office's constituency <hl> must be held; in practice, at the town level, a major party convention of voters of the town who are enrolled in the party usually is attended almost exclusively by members of the town party committee.", "paragraph_id": "5d6682ae2b22cd4dfcfbe144"}
{"question": "What is American Ginseng referred to as in China?", "paragraph": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bigu\u00f3. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: 'flower flag ginseng' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "answer": "flower flag ginseng", "sentence": "However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: ' flower flag ginseng ' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bigu\u00f3. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. <hl> However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: ' flower flag ginseng ' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In the above quote, the Chinese words are written phonetically based on spoken Cantonese. The names given were common usage in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other Asian nations have equivalent terms for America, for example Vietnamese: Hoa K\u1ef3 (\"Flower Flag\"). Chinese now refer to the United States as simplified Chinese: \u7f8e\u56fd; traditional Chinese: \u7f8e\u570b; pinyin: M\u011bigu\u00f3. M\u011bi is short for M\u011bil\u00ecji\u0101n (a Chinese pronunciation of \"America\") and \"gu\u00f3\" means \"country\", so this name is unrelated to the flag. However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: '<hl> flower flag ginseng <hl>' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "sentence_answer": "However, the \"flower flag\" terminology persists in some places today: for example, American Ginseng is called simplified Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c2; traditional Chinese: \u82b1\u65d7\u53c3; literally: ' <hl> flower flag ginseng <hl> ' in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as \u82b1\u65d7\u94f6\u884c; 'Flower Flag Bank'.", "paragraph_id": "5d6669962b22cd4dfcfbde47"}
{"question": "The Stille reaction combines organic halides or pseudohalides with what compound?", "paragraph": "Some tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "answer": "organotin", "sentence": "The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "paragraph_sentence": "Some tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. <hl> The Stille reaction couples organotin compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Some tin reagents are useful in organic chemistry. In the largest application, stannous chloride is a common reducing agent for the conversion of nitro and oxime groups to amines. The Stille reaction couples <hl> organotin <hl> compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "sentence_answer": "The Stille reaction couples <hl> organotin <hl> compounds with organic halides or pseudohalides.", "paragraph_id": "5d6748812b22cd4dfcfbf4e5"}
{"question": "How many members did the Liberation front plenum had on October 3rd 1943?", "paragraph": "Representatives of all political groups in Liberation Front participated in Supreme Plenum of Liberation Front, which led the resistance efforts in Slovenia. Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the 120-member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. The plenum also functioned as Slovenian National Liberation Committee, the supreme authority in Slovenia. Some historians consider the Ko\u010devje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in \u010crnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed]", "answer": "120", "sentence": "Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the 120 -member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front.", "paragraph_sentence": "Representatives of all political groups in Liberation Front participated in Supreme Plenum of Liberation Front, which led the resistance efforts in Slovenia. <hl> Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the 120 -member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. <hl> The plenum also functioned as Slovenian National Liberation Committee, the supreme authority in Slovenia. Some historians consider the Ko\u010devje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in \u010crnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Representatives of all political groups in Liberation Front participated in Supreme Plenum of Liberation Front, which led the resistance efforts in Slovenia. Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the <hl> 120 <hl>-member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front. The plenum also functioned as Slovenian National Liberation Committee, the supreme authority in Slovenia. Some historians consider the Ko\u010devje Assembly to be the first Slovene elected parliament and Slovene Partisans as its representatives also participated on 2nd session of the AVNOJ and were instrumental in adding the self-determination clause to the resolution on the establishment of a new federal Yugoslavia. The Liberation Front Plenum was renamed the Slovenian National Liberation Council at the conference in \u010crnomelj on 19 February 1944 and transformed into the Slovenian parliament.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Supreme Plenum was active until 3 October 1943 when, at the Assembly of the Slovenian Nation's Delegates in Ko\u010devje, the <hl> 120 <hl> -member Liberation Front Plenum was elected as the supreme body of the Slovenian Liberation Front.", "paragraph_id": "5d6796672b22cd4dfcfbfe95"}
{"question": "Can a high fiber also lower risk?", "paragraph": "A diet high in fruits and vegetables decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet may improve cardiovascular outcomes. There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure). The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol  and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk.", "answer": "A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk.", "sentence": "A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk.", "paragraph_sentence": "A diet high in fruits and vegetables decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet may improve cardiovascular outcomes. There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure). The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. <hl> A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A diet high in fruits and vegetables decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet may improve cardiovascular outcomes. There is also evidence that a Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet in bringing about long-term changes to cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., lower cholesterol level and blood pressure). The DASH diet (high in nuts, fish, fruits and vegetables, and low in sweets, red meat and fat) has been shown to reduce blood pressure, lower total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and improve metabolic syndrome; but the long-term benefits outside the context of a clinical trial have been questioned. <hl> A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A high fiber diet appears to lower the risk. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d65c0052b22cd4dfcfbcb56"}
{"question": "Which citizens had a voice in town meetings?", "paragraph": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded\u2014had enough land to support a family. Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "answer": "Every male citizen", "sentence": "Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting.", "paragraph_sentence": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded\u2014had enough land to support a family. <hl> Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. <hl> The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "paragraph_answer": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded\u2014had enough land to support a family. <hl> Every male citizen <hl> had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Every male citizen <hl> had a voice in the town meeting.", "paragraph_id": "5d667b3b2b22cd4dfcfbe071"}
{"question": "Which state is the third smallest in the United States?", "paragraph": "Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. It is known as the \"Constitution State\", the \"Nutmeg State\", the \"Provisions State\", and the \"Land of Steady Habits\". It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States. Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire, New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "answer": "Connecticut", "sentence": "Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Connecticut is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. <hl> It is known as the \"Constitution State\", the \"Nutmeg State\", the \"Provisions State\", and the \"Land of Steady Habits\". It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States. Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire, New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Connecticut <hl> is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States. It is known as the \"Constitution State\", the \"Nutmeg State\", the \"Provisions State\", and the \"Land of Steady Habits\". It was influential in the development of the federal government of the United States. Much of southern and western Connecticut (along with the majority of the state's population) is part of the New York metropolitan area: three of Connecticut's eight counties are statistically included in the New York City combined statistical area, which is widely referred to as the Tri-State area. Connecticut's center of population is in Cheshire, New Haven County, which is also located within the Tri-State area.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Connecticut <hl> is the third smallest state by area, the 29th most populous, and the fourth most densely populated of the 50 United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd932b22cd4dfcfbcfc6"}
{"question": "When did investment from West Indian profits occur?", "paragraph": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d in academia. David Richardson has concluded that the profits from the slave trade amounted to less than 1% of domestic investment in Britain. Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. Engerman\u2019s 5% figure gives as much as possible in terms of benefit of the doubt to the Williams argument, not solely because it does not take into account the associated costs of the slave trade to Britain, but also because it carries the full-employment assumption from economics and holds the gross value of slave trade profits as a direct contribution to Britain\u2019s national income. Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before.", "answer": "occurred after emancipation,", "sentence": "Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d in academia. David Richardson has concluded that the profits from the slave trade amounted to less than 1% of domestic investment in Britain. Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. Engerman\u2019s 5% figure gives as much as possible in terms of benefit of the doubt to the Williams argument, not solely because it does not take into account the associated costs of the slave trade to Britain, but also because it carries the full-employment assumption from economics and holds the gross value of slave trade profits as a direct contribution to Britain\u2019s national income. <hl> Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d in academia. David Richardson has concluded that the profits from the slave trade amounted to less than 1% of domestic investment in Britain. Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. Engerman\u2019s 5% figure gives as much as possible in terms of benefit of the doubt to the Williams argument, not solely because it does not take into account the associated costs of the slave trade to Britain, but also because it carries the full-employment assumption from economics and holds the gross value of slave trade profits as a direct contribution to Britain\u2019s national income. Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was <hl> occurred after emancipation, <hl> not before.", "sentence_answer": "Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was <hl> occurred after emancipation, <hl> not before.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b9752b22cd4dfcfbe461"}
{"question": "What was the biggest port until the early 2000s?", "paragraph": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa, the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "answer": "Haydarpa\u015fa", "sentence": "Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa , the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara.", "paragraph_sentence": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. <hl> Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of Haydarpa\u015fa , the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. <hl> Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "paragraph_answer": "As the only sea route between the oil-rich Black Sea and the Mediterranean, the Bosphorus is one of the busiest waterways in the world; more than 200 million tonnes of oil pass through the strait each year, and the traffic on the Bosphorus is three times that on the Suez Canal. As a result, there have been proposals to build a canal, known as Canal Istanbul, parallel to the strait, on the European side of the city. Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of <hl> Haydarpa\u015fa <hl>, the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara. Haydarpa\u015fa, situated at the southeastern end of the Bosphorus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. Shifts in operations to Ambarl\u0131 since then have left Haydarpa\u015fa running under capacity and with plans to decommission the port. In 2007, Ambarl\u0131, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 1.5 million TEUs (compared to 354,000 TEUs at Haydarpa\u015fa), making it the fourth-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. The Port of Zeytinburnu is advantaged by its proximity to motorways and Atat\u00fcrk International Airport, and long-term plans for the city call for greater connectivity between all terminals and the road and rail networks.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul has three major shipping ports\u2014the Port of <hl> Haydarpa\u015fa <hl> , the Port of Ambarl\u0131, and the Port of Zeytinburnu\u2014as well as several smaller ports and oil terminals along the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f1772b22cd4dfcfbd369"}
{"question": "What style is used for large numbers?", "paragraph": "Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin). Exceptions using initials for numbers include TLA (three-letter acronym/abbreviation) and GoF (Gang of Four). Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions, such as W3C (\"World Wide Web Consortium\") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B (\"business to business\"); and numeronyms, such as i18n (\"internationalization\"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n).", "answer": "metric prefixes,", "sentence": "Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin).", "paragraph_sentence": "Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). <hl> Large numbers may use metric prefixes, as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin). <hl> Exceptions using initials for numbers include TLA (three-letter acronym/abbreviation) and GoF (Gang of Four). Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions, such as W3C (\"World Wide Web Consortium\") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B (\"business to business\"); and numeronyms, such as i18n (\"internationalization\"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n).", "paragraph_answer": "Numbers (both cardinal and ordinal) in names are often represented by digits rather than initial letters: as in 4GL (Fourth generation language) or G77 (Group of 77). Large numbers may use <hl> metric prefixes, <hl> as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin). Exceptions using initials for numbers include TLA (three-letter acronym/abbreviation) and GoF (Gang of Four). Abbreviations using numbers for other purposes include repetitions, such as W3C (\"World Wide Web Consortium\") and T3 (Trends, Tips & Tools for Everyday Living); pronunciation, such as B2B (\"business to business\"); and numeronyms, such as i18n (\"internationalization\"; 18 represents the 18 letters between the initial i and the final n).", "sentence_answer": "Large numbers may use <hl> metric prefixes, <hl> as with Y2K for \"Year 2000\" (sometimes written Y2k, because the SI symbol for 1000 is k\u2014not K, which stands for kelvin).", "paragraph_id": "5d65acbe2b22cd4dfcfbcb0e"}
{"question": "fatty acids are oxidized in a way that resembles what in reverse?", "paragraph": "Beta oxidation is the metabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate acetyl-CoA. For the most part, fatty acids are oxidized by a mechanism that is similar to, but not identical with, a reversal of the process of fatty acid synthesis. That is, two-carbon fragments are removed sequentially from the carboxyl end of the acid after steps of dehydrogenation, hydration, and oxidation to form a beta-keto acid, which is split by thiolysis. The acetyl-CoA is then ultimately converted into ATP, CO2, and H2O using the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. Hence the citric acid cycle can start at acetyl-CoA when fat is being broken down for energy if there is little or no glucose available. The energy yield of the complete oxidation of the fatty acid palmitate is 106 ATP. Unsaturated and odd-chain fatty acids require additional enzymatic steps for degradation.", "answer": "fatty acid synthesis", "sentence": "For the most part, fatty acids are oxidized by a mechanism that is similar to, but not identical with, a reversal of the process of fatty acid synthesis .", "paragraph_sentence": "Beta oxidation is the metabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate acetyl-CoA. <hl> For the most part, fatty acids are oxidized by a mechanism that is similar to, but not identical with, a reversal of the process of fatty acid synthesis . <hl> That is, two-carbon fragments are removed sequentially from the carboxyl end of the acid after steps of dehydrogenation, hydration, and oxidation to form a beta-keto acid, which is split by thiolysis. The acetyl-CoA is then ultimately converted into ATP, CO2, and H2O using the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. Hence the citric acid cycle can start at acetyl-CoA when fat is being broken down for energy if there is little or no glucose available. The energy yield of the complete oxidation of the fatty acid palmitate is 106 ATP. Unsaturated and odd-chain fatty acids require additional enzymatic steps for degradation.", "paragraph_answer": "Beta oxidation is the metabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria and/or in peroxisomes to generate acetyl-CoA. For the most part, fatty acids are oxidized by a mechanism that is similar to, but not identical with, a reversal of the process of <hl> fatty acid synthesis <hl>. That is, two-carbon fragments are removed sequentially from the carboxyl end of the acid after steps of dehydrogenation, hydration, and oxidation to form a beta-keto acid, which is split by thiolysis. The acetyl-CoA is then ultimately converted into ATP, CO2, and H2O using the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain. Hence the citric acid cycle can start at acetyl-CoA when fat is being broken down for energy if there is little or no glucose available. The energy yield of the complete oxidation of the fatty acid palmitate is 106 ATP. Unsaturated and odd-chain fatty acids require additional enzymatic steps for degradation.", "sentence_answer": "For the most part, fatty acids are oxidized by a mechanism that is similar to, but not identical with, a reversal of the process of <hl> fatty acid synthesis <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6804d42b22cd4dfcfc0509"}
{"question": "How many foreigners visited Istanbul in 2000?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "answer": "2.4 million", "sentence": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just 2.4 million foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. <hl> Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just <hl> 2.4 million <hl> foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city. Istanbul is Turkey's second-largest international gateway, after Antalya, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. Istanbul's tourist industry is concentrated in the European side, with 90 percent of the city's hotels located there. Low- and mid-range hotels tend to be located on the Sarayburnu; higher-end hotels are primarily located in the entertainment and financial centers north of the Golden Horn. Istanbul's seventy museums, the most visited of which are the Topkap\u0131 Palace Museum and the Hagia Sophia, bring in $30 million in revenue each year. The city's environmental master plan also notes that there are 17 palaces, 64 mosques, and 49 churches of historical significance in Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is an increasingly popular tourist destination; whereas just <hl> 2.4 million <hl> foreigners visited the city in 2000, it welcomed 12.56 million foreign tourists in 2015, making it the world's fifth most-visited city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f2882b22cd4dfcfbd38c"}
{"question": "What was the date of the first indoor ice hockey game?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey is believed to have evolved from simple stick and ball games played in the 18th and 19th century United Kingdom and elsewhere. These games were brought to North America and several similar winter games using informal rules were developed, such as \"shinny\" and \"ice polo\". The contemporary sport of ice hockey was developed in Canada, most notably in Montreal, where the first indoor hockey game was played on March 3, 1875. Some characteristics of that game, such as the length of the ice rink and the use of a puck, have been retained to this day. Amateur ice hockey leagues began in the 1880s, and professional ice hockey originated around 1900. The Stanley Cup, emblematic of ice hockey club supremacy, was first awarded in 1893 to recognize the Canadian amateur champion and later became the championship trophy of the NHL. In the early 1900s, the Canadian rules were adopted by the Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace, the precursor of the IIHF and the sport was played for the first time in the Olympics in the Olympic Games of 1920.", "answer": "March 3, 1875", "sentence": "The contemporary sport of ice hockey was developed in Canada, most notably in Montreal, where the first indoor hockey game was played on March 3, 1875 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey is believed to have evolved from simple stick and ball games played in the 18th and 19th century United Kingdom and elsewhere. These games were brought to North America and several similar winter games using informal rules were developed, such as \"shinny\" and \"ice polo\". <hl> The contemporary sport of ice hockey was developed in Canada, most notably in Montreal, where the first indoor hockey game was played on March 3, 1875 . <hl> Some characteristics of that game, such as the length of the ice rink and the use of a puck, have been retained to this day. Amateur ice hockey leagues began in the 1880s, and professional ice hockey originated around 1900. The Stanley Cup, emblematic of ice hockey club supremacy, was first awarded in 1893 to recognize the Canadian amateur champion and later became the championship trophy of the NHL. In the early 1900s, the Canadian rules were adopted by the Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace, the precursor of the IIHF and the sport was played for the first time in the Olympics in the Olympic Games of 1920.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey is believed to have evolved from simple stick and ball games played in the 18th and 19th century United Kingdom and elsewhere. These games were brought to North America and several similar winter games using informal rules were developed, such as \"shinny\" and \"ice polo\". The contemporary sport of ice hockey was developed in Canada, most notably in Montreal, where the first indoor hockey game was played on <hl> March 3, 1875 <hl>. Some characteristics of that game, such as the length of the ice rink and the use of a puck, have been retained to this day. Amateur ice hockey leagues began in the 1880s, and professional ice hockey originated around 1900. The Stanley Cup, emblematic of ice hockey club supremacy, was first awarded in 1893 to recognize the Canadian amateur champion and later became the championship trophy of the NHL. In the early 1900s, the Canadian rules were adopted by the Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace, the precursor of the IIHF and the sport was played for the first time in the Olympics in the Olympic Games of 1920.", "sentence_answer": "The contemporary sport of ice hockey was developed in Canada, most notably in Montreal, where the first indoor hockey game was played on <hl> March 3, 1875 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d668b492b22cd4dfcfbe229"}
{"question": "What did farmers buy from speculators in New Hampshire?", "paragraph": "Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought plots of land from speculators in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont. Other farmers became agricultural innovators. They planted nutritious English grass such as red clover and timothy-grass, which provided more feed for livestock, and potatoes, which provided a high production rate that was an advantage for small farms. Families increased their productivity by exchanging goods and labor with each other. They loaned livestock and grazing land to one another and worked together to spin yarn, sew quilts, and shuck corn. Migration, agricultural innovation, and economic cooperation were creative measures that preserved New England's yeoman society until the 19th century.", "answer": "plots of land", "sentence": "Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought plots of land from speculators in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought plots of land from speculators in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont. <hl> Other farmers became agricultural innovators. They planted nutritious English grass such as red clover and timothy-grass, which provided more feed for livestock, and potatoes, which provided a high production rate that was an advantage for small farms. Families increased their productivity by exchanging goods and labor with each other. They loaned livestock and grazing land to one another and worked together to spin yarn, sew quilts, and shuck corn. Migration, agricultural innovation, and economic cooperation were creative measures that preserved New England's yeoman society until the 19th century.", "paragraph_answer": "Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought <hl> plots of land <hl> from speculators in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont. Other farmers became agricultural innovators. They planted nutritious English grass such as red clover and timothy-grass, which provided more feed for livestock, and potatoes, which provided a high production rate that was an advantage for small farms. Families increased their productivity by exchanging goods and labor with each other. They loaned livestock and grazing land to one another and worked together to spin yarn, sew quilts, and shuck corn. Migration, agricultural innovation, and economic cooperation were creative measures that preserved New England's yeoman society until the 19th century.", "sentence_answer": "Some farmers obtained land grants to create farms in undeveloped land in Massachusetts and Connecticut or bought <hl> plots of land <hl> from speculators in New Hampshire and what later became Vermont.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c2bd2b22cd4dfcfbcbd5"}
{"question": "What is not subdivided into municipalities?", "paragraph": "Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands, are subdivided into municipalities. Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "answer": "the Minor Outlying Islands", "sentence": "Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands , are subdivided into municipalities.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Territories, except the Minor Outlying Islands , are subdivided into municipalities. <hl> Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "paragraph_answer": "Territories, except <hl> the Minor Outlying Islands <hl>, are subdivided into municipalities. Guam uses the term Village and the U.S. Virgin Islands uses the term Districts, American Samoa uses the terms district and Unorganized atolls.", "sentence_answer": "Territories, except <hl> the Minor Outlying Islands <hl> , are subdivided into municipalities.", "paragraph_id": "5d6771d92b22cd4dfcfbfbff"}
{"question": "An Australian that also lived in the US, who owned The Sun and News of the World.", "paragraph": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "answer": "Murdoch", "sentence": "Murdoch 's", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Murdoch 's <hl> News International acquired the group in February 1981. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Murdoch <hl>'s News International acquired the group in February 1981. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Murdoch <hl> 's", "paragraph_id": "5d6716df2b22cd4dfcfbeee8"}
{"question": "How many American Airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia between 1 January and 15 October 1944?", "paragraph": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "answer": "1,152", "sentence": "For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. <hl> For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, 1,152 American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. <hl> Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans were responsible for the successful and sustained evacuation of downed Allied airmen from the Balkans. For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, <hl> 1,152 <hl> American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks. Yugoslav Partisans in Slovene territory rescued 303 American airmen, 389 British airmen and prisoners of war, and 120 French and other prisoners of war and slave laborers.", "sentence_answer": "For example, between 1 January and 15 October 1944, according to statistics compiled by the US Air Force Air Crew Rescue Unit, <hl> 1,152 <hl> American airmen were airlifted from Yugoslavia, 795 with Partisan assistance and 356 with the help of the Chetniks.", "paragraph_id": "5d6798002b22cd4dfcfbfeb4"}
{"question": "Who is Michael E. Arth?", "paragraph": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\"  His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "answer": "Homeless advocate and urban designer", "sentence": "Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Homeless advocate and urban designer Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. <hl> As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\" His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Homeless advocate and urban designer <hl> Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007. As of 2009, Arth was still working toward trying to consolidate most of the scattered 19 local agencies into an attractive community that would be designed to more effectively address the needs of the chronically adult homeless and the temporarily adult homeless, as well as others who may be having difficulty fitting into the pervasive, automobile-dominated culture. He writes that the current \"piecemeal approach\" inefficiently spreads out services and work opportunities, and aggravates the problem by polarizing citizens who might otherwise be inclined to help. In response to critics who say that such a village would be like a concentration camp, Arth points out that the U.S. already concentrates their citizens into prisons at 7\u20138 times the rate of Canada or Europe. \"There should be alternative between living on the street and being locked up that addresses the needs of the chronically and temporarily adult homeless.\" His proposed \"Tiger Bay Village\" would have a community garden and orchard, a place to hire certified workers, and a work crew to help build and maintain the village. \"Little shops in the village center could process and rehabilitate donated clothes and furnishings to be sold to the public.\" Housing would range from multi-bed barracks to small Katrina cottages depending on a person's contributions to the village, special needs, and income. Arth claims that this would cost less and be far more effective than any of the other solutions tried elsewhere.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Homeless advocate and urban designer <hl> Michael E. Arth proposed building a Pedestrian village for the adult homeless in Volusia County near Daytona Beach, Florida in 2007.", "paragraph_id": "5d665d972b22cd4dfcfbdca0"}
{"question": "How many tonnes does the mine at Bisie produce?", "paragraph": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes.\nMost of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "answer": "15,000", "sentence": "It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. <hl> It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces 15,000 tonnes. <hl> Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "paragraph_answer": "The ten largest companies produced most of the world's tin in 2007. It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces <hl> 15,000 <hl> tonnes. Most of the world's tin is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME), from 8 countries, under 17 brands.", "sentence_answer": "It is not clear which of these companies include tin smelted from the mine at Bisie, Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is controlled by a renegade militia and produces <hl> 15,000 <hl> tonnes.", "paragraph_id": "5d677e172b22cd4dfcfbfd67"}
{"question": "Where are Oxford's various chain stores located?", "paragraph": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "answer": "Cornmarket Street and Queen Street", "sentence": "Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. <hl> Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. <hl> St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "paragraph_answer": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. <hl> Cornmarket Street and Queen Street <hl> are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cornmarket Street and Queen Street <hl> are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2a2b22cd4dfcfbf624"}
{"question": "what happens after the sixth shot and the score still remain tie?", "paragraph": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "answer": "sudden death format", "sentence": "If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format .", "paragraph_sentence": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. <hl> If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a sudden death format . <hl> Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "paragraph_answer": "International play and several North American professional leagues, including the NHL (in the regular season), now use an overtime period identical to that from 99\u201300 \u2013 03\u201304 followed by a penalty shootout. If the score remains tied after an extra overtime period, the subsequent shootout consists of three players from each team taking penalty shots. After these six total shots, the team with the most goals is awarded the victory. If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a <hl> sudden death format <hl>. Regardless of the number of goals scored during the shootout by either team, the final score recorded will award the winning team one more goal than the score at the end of regulation time. In the NHL if a game is decided in overtime or by a shootout the winning team is awarded two points in the standings and the losing team is awarded one point. Ties no longer occur in the NHL.", "sentence_answer": "If the score is still tied, the shootout then proceeds to a <hl> sudden death format <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666bf52b22cd4dfcfbde90"}
{"question": "What  superpower was involved in the Cuban Missile Crises with the United States?", "paragraph": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union. American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "answer": "the Soviet Union", "sentence": "In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union .", "paragraph_sentence": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. <hl> In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union . <hl> American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "paragraph_answer": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to <hl> the Soviet Union <hl>. American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "sentence_answer": "In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to <hl> the Soviet Union <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66facc2b22cd4dfcfbe8cb"}
{"question": "If the angular magnification is 5, then how much larger does an object appear to the eye without the lens?", "paragraph": "Using an inappropriate measurement of magnification can be formally correct but yield a meaningless number. For instance, using a magnifying glass of 5 cm focal length, held 20 cm from the eye and 5 cm from the object, produces a virtual image at infinity of infinite linear size: M = \u221e. But the angular magnification is 5, meaning that the object appears 5 times larger to the eye than without the lens. When taking a picture of the moon using a camera with a 50 mm lens, one is not concerned with the linear magnification M \u2248 \u221250 mm / 380000 km = \u22121.3\u00d710\u221210. Rather, the plate scale of the camera is about 1\u00b0/mm, from which one can conclude that the 0.5 mm image on the film corresponds to an angular size of the moon seen from earth of about 0.5\u00b0.", "answer": "5 times", "sentence": "For instance, using a magnifying glass of 5 cm focal length, held 20 cm from the eye and 5 cm from the object, produces a virtual image at infinity of infinite linear size: M = \u221e. But the angular magnification is 5, meaning that the object appears 5 times larger to the eye than without the lens.", "paragraph_sentence": "Using an inappropriate measurement of magnification can be formally correct but yield a meaningless number. <hl> For instance, using a magnifying glass of 5 cm focal length, held 20 cm from the eye and 5 cm from the object, produces a virtual image at infinity of infinite linear size: M = \u221e. But the angular magnification is 5, meaning that the object appears 5 times larger to the eye than without the lens. <hl> When taking a picture of the moon using a camera with a 50 mm lens, one is not concerned with the linear magnification M \u2248 \u221250 mm / 380000 km = \u22121.3\u00d710\u221210. Rather, the plate scale of the camera is about 1\u00b0/mm, from which one can conclude that the 0.5 mm image on the film corresponds to an angular size of the moon seen from earth of about 0.5\u00b0.", "paragraph_answer": "Using an inappropriate measurement of magnification can be formally correct but yield a meaningless number. For instance, using a magnifying glass of 5 cm focal length, held 20 cm from the eye and 5 cm from the object, produces a virtual image at infinity of infinite linear size: M = \u221e. But the angular magnification is 5, meaning that the object appears <hl> 5 times <hl> larger to the eye than without the lens. When taking a picture of the moon using a camera with a 50 mm lens, one is not concerned with the linear magnification M \u2248 \u221250 mm / 380000 km = \u22121.3\u00d710\u221210. Rather, the plate scale of the camera is about 1\u00b0/mm, from which one can conclude that the 0.5 mm image on the film corresponds to an angular size of the moon seen from earth of about 0.5\u00b0.", "sentence_answer": "For instance, using a magnifying glass of 5 cm focal length, held 20 cm from the eye and 5 cm from the object, produces a virtual image at infinity of infinite linear size: M = \u221e. But the angular magnification is 5, meaning that the object appears <hl> 5 times <hl> larger to the eye than without the lens.", "paragraph_id": "5d677e2c2b22cd4dfcfbfd6e"}
{"question": "Which tradition are North American schools following when they grant the MD title rather than the MB title?", "paragraph": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "answer": "ancient universities of Scotland", "sentence": "North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century.", "paragraph_sentence": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). <hl> North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. <hl> The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "paragraph_answer": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the <hl> ancient universities of Scotland <hl> and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "sentence_answer": "North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the <hl> ancient universities of Scotland <hl> and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb742b22cd4dfcfbd292"}
{"question": "When was the book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism published?", "paragraph": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "answer": "1917", "sentence": "In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. <hl> In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. <hl> As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "paragraph_answer": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in <hl> 1917 <hl> in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "sentence_answer": "In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in <hl> 1917 <hl> in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism.", "paragraph_id": "5d6814242b22cd4dfcfc0568"}
{"question": "What did not specify any specific arrangement of the American Flag", "paragraph": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "answer": "The Flag Resolution", "sentence": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. <hl> The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Flag Resolution <hl> did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Flag Resolution <hl> did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dde42b22cd4dfcfbcfdb"}
{"question": "Who made further developments in the Saxophone?", "paragraph": "Sax's original keywork, which was based on the Triebert system 3 oboe for the left hand and the Boehm clarinet for the right, was very simplistic and made playing some legato passages and wide intervals extremely difficult to finger, so numerous developers added extra keys and alternate fingerings to make chromatic playing less difficult. While the early saxophone had two separate octave vents to assist in the playing of the upper registers just as modern instruments do, players of Sax's original design had to operate these via two separate octave keys operated by the left thumb. A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key, which is now universal on modern saxophones.  Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. However, this keywork never gained much popularity, and is no longer in use.", "answer": "Further developments were made by Selmer", "sentence": " Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sax's original keywork, which was based on the Triebert system 3 oboe for the left hand and the Boehm clarinet for the right, was very simplistic and made playing some legato passages and wide intervals extremely difficult to finger, so numerous developers added extra keys and alternate fingerings to make chromatic playing less difficult. While the early saxophone had two separate octave vents to assist in the playing of the upper registers just as modern instruments do, players of Sax's original design had to operate these via two separate octave keys operated by the left thumb. A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key, which is now universal on modern saxophones. <hl> Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. <hl> This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. However, this keywork never gained much popularity, and is no longer in use.", "paragraph_answer": "Sax's original keywork, which was based on the Triebert system 3 oboe for the left hand and the Boehm clarinet for the right, was very simplistic and made playing some legato passages and wide intervals extremely difficult to finger, so numerous developers added extra keys and alternate fingerings to make chromatic playing less difficult. While the early saxophone had two separate octave vents to assist in the playing of the upper registers just as modern instruments do, players of Sax's original design had to operate these via two separate octave keys operated by the left thumb. A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key, which is now universal on modern saxophones. <hl> Further developments were made by Selmer <hl> in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. However, this keywork never gained much popularity, and is no longer in use.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Further developments were made by Selmer <hl> in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754d32b22cd4dfcfbf748"}
{"question": "What do the stars on the American flag represent", "paragraph": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It  consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "answer": "the 50 states", "sentence": "The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union.", "paragraph_sentence": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. <hl> The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. <hl> Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "paragraph_answer": "The flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. It consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the \"union\") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The 50 stars on the flag represent <hl> the 50 states <hl> of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, and the Star-Spangled Banner.", "sentence_answer": "The 50 stars on the flag represent <hl> the 50 states <hl> of the United States of America, and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and became the first states in the Union.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dbbe2b22cd4dfcfbcf4b"}
{"question": "What European country places their surname first?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "Hungary", "sentence": "This is the case in Hungary , parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. <hl> This is the case in Hungary , parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in <hl> Hungary <hl>, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "sentence_answer": "This is the case in <hl> Hungary <hl> , parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1112b22cd4dfcfc0464"}
{"question": "What can have adverse health effects", "paragraph": "Unemployment can have adverse health effects. One study indicated that a 1% increase in the unemployment rate can increase mortality among working-aged males by 6%.  Similar effects were not noted for women or the elderly, who had lower workforce attachment. The mortality increase was mainly driven by circulatory health issues (e.g., heart attacks).  Another study concluded that: \"Losing a job because of an establishment closure increased the odds of fair or poor health by 54%, and among respondents with no preexisting health conditions, it increased the odds of a new likely health condition by 83%. This suggests that there are true health costs to job loss, beyond sicker people being more likely to lose their jobs.\" Extended job loss can add the equivalent of ten years to a persons age.", "answer": "Unemployment", "sentence": "Unemployment can have adverse health effects.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Unemployment can have adverse health effects. <hl> One study indicated that a 1% increase in the unemployment rate can increase mortality among working-aged males by 6%. Similar effects were not noted for women or the elderly, who had lower workforce attachment. The mortality increase was mainly driven by circulatory health issues (e.g., heart attacks). Another study concluded that: \"Losing a job because of an establishment closure increased the odds of fair or poor health by 54%, and among respondents with no preexisting health conditions, it increased the odds of a new likely health condition by 83%. This suggests that there are true health costs to job loss, beyond sicker people being more likely to lose their jobs.\" Extended job loss can add the equivalent of ten years to a persons age.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Unemployment <hl> can have adverse health effects. One study indicated that a 1% increase in the unemployment rate can increase mortality among working-aged males by 6%. Similar effects were not noted for women or the elderly, who had lower workforce attachment. The mortality increase was mainly driven by circulatory health issues (e.g., heart attacks). Another study concluded that: \"Losing a job because of an establishment closure increased the odds of fair or poor health by 54%, and among respondents with no preexisting health conditions, it increased the odds of a new likely health condition by 83%. This suggests that there are true health costs to job loss, beyond sicker people being more likely to lose their jobs.\" Extended job loss can add the equivalent of ten years to a persons age.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Unemployment <hl> can have adverse health effects.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f3f02b22cd4dfcfbe73a"}
{"question": "The Polish navy was on standby to invade where?", "paragraph": "After 1945, the German population was expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line, making room for displaced Poles and Russians. Poland gained most of the southern shore. The Soviet Union gained another access to the Baltic with the Kaliningrad Oblast. The Baltic states on the eastern shore were annexed by the Soviet Union. The Baltic then separated opposing military blocs: NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Had war broken out, the Polish navy was prepared to invade the Danish isles. This border status restricted trade and travel. It ended only after the collapse of the Communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in the late 1980s.", "answer": "the Danish isles", "sentence": "Had war broken out, the Polish navy was prepared to invade the Danish isles .", "paragraph_sentence": "After 1945, the German population was expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line, making room for displaced Poles and Russians. Poland gained most of the southern shore. The Soviet Union gained another access to the Baltic with the Kaliningrad Oblast. The Baltic states on the eastern shore were annexed by the Soviet Union. The Baltic then separated opposing military blocs: NATO and the Warsaw Pact. <hl> Had war broken out, the Polish navy was prepared to invade the Danish isles . <hl> This border status restricted trade and travel. It ended only after the collapse of the Communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in the late 1980s.", "paragraph_answer": "After 1945, the German population was expelled from all areas east of the Oder-Neisse line, making room for displaced Poles and Russians. Poland gained most of the southern shore. The Soviet Union gained another access to the Baltic with the Kaliningrad Oblast. The Baltic states on the eastern shore were annexed by the Soviet Union. The Baltic then separated opposing military blocs: NATO and the Warsaw Pact. Had war broken out, the Polish navy was prepared to invade <hl> the Danish isles <hl>. This border status restricted trade and travel. It ended only after the collapse of the Communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in the late 1980s.", "sentence_answer": "Had war broken out, the Polish navy was prepared to invade <hl> the Danish isles <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66400d2b22cd4dfcfbdb89"}
{"question": "Who allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia?", "paragraph": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "answer": "Germany's High Command", "sentence": "As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. <hl> As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, Germany's High Command allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At the outset of World War I in 1914, the Bolsheviks opposed the war unlike most other socialist parties across Europe that supported their national governments. Lenin and a small group of anti-war socialist leaders, including Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, denounced established socialist leaders of having betrayed the socialist ideal via their support of the war. In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism. As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, <hl> Germany's High Command <hl> allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "sentence_answer": "As a means to destabilise Russia on the Eastern Front, <hl> Germany's High Command <hl> allowed Lenin to travel across Germany and German-held territory into Russia in April 1917, anticipating him partaking in revolutionary activity.", "paragraph_id": "5d6814242b22cd4dfcfc0561"}
{"question": "What facet of building engineering deals with structures?", "paragraph": "Structural building engineering includes all structural engineering related to the design of buildings. It is a branch of structural engineering closely affiliated with architecture.", "answer": "Structural building engineering", "sentence": "Structural building engineering includes all structural engineering related to the design of buildings.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Structural building engineering includes all structural engineering related to the design of buildings. <hl> It is a branch of structural engineering closely affiliated with architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Structural building engineering <hl> includes all structural engineering related to the design of buildings. It is a branch of structural engineering closely affiliated with architecture.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Structural building engineering <hl> includes all structural engineering related to the design of buildings.", "paragraph_id": "5d6756aa2b22cd4dfcfbf77f"}
{"question": "What is the most common shape of lenses?", "paragraph": "Most lenses are spherical lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres. Each surface can be convex (bulging outwards from the lens), concave (depressed into the lens), or planar (flat). The line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces is called the axis of the lens. Typically the lens axis passes through the physical centre of the lens, because of the way they are manufactured. Lenses may be cut or ground after manufacturing to give them a different shape or size. The lens axis may then not pass through the physical centre of the lens.", "answer": "spherical", "sentence": "Most lenses are spherical lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most lenses are spherical lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres. <hl> Each surface can be convex (bulging outwards from the lens), concave (depressed into the lens), or planar (flat). The line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces is called the axis of the lens. Typically the lens axis passes through the physical centre of the lens, because of the way they are manufactured. Lenses may be cut or ground after manufacturing to give them a different shape or size. The lens axis may then not pass through the physical centre of the lens.", "paragraph_answer": "Most lenses are <hl> spherical <hl> lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres. Each surface can be convex (bulging outwards from the lens), concave (depressed into the lens), or planar (flat). The line joining the centres of the spheres making up the lens surfaces is called the axis of the lens. Typically the lens axis passes through the physical centre of the lens, because of the way they are manufactured. Lenses may be cut or ground after manufacturing to give them a different shape or size. The lens axis may then not pass through the physical centre of the lens.", "sentence_answer": "Most lenses are <hl> spherical <hl> lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres.", "paragraph_id": "5d6769442b22cd4dfcfbfa80"}
{"question": "What kind of architecture dominates Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "answer": "Byzantine and Ottoman", "sentence": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. <hl> Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is primarily known for its <hl> Byzantine and Ottoman <hl> architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is primarily known for its <hl> Byzantine and Ottoman <hl> architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b4172b22cd4dfcfbe407"}
{"question": "For whom is the Single Language version of Windows designed?", "paragraph": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "answer": "emerging markets", "sentence": "The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets .", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). <hl> The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to <hl> emerging markets <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to <hl> emerging markets <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6712582b22cd4dfcfbedf8"}
{"question": "What does floating molten glass on top of molten tin produce?", "paragraph": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "answer": "float glass", "sentence": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass ) in order to produce a flat surface.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating float glass ) in order to produce a flat surface. <hl> This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "paragraph_answer": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating <hl> float glass <hl>) in order to produce a flat surface. This is called the \"Pilkington process\".", "sentence_answer": "Window glass is most often made by floating molten glass on top of molten tin (creating <hl> float glass <hl> ) in order to produce a flat surface.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c0dc2b22cd4dfcfc0168"}
{"question": "Why isn't family history a more useful predictor of cardiac events?", "paragraph": "Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. These measures, and sometimes others, may be combined into composite risk scores to estimate an individual's future risk of cardiovascular disease. Numerous risk scores exist although their respective merits are debated. Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use. They include family history, coronary artery calcification score, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index, lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide  (NT-proBNP), and markers of kidney function.", "answer": "lack clear-cut evidence", "sentence": "Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use.", "paragraph_sentence": "Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. These measures, and sometimes others, may be combined into composite risk scores to estimate an individual's future risk of cardiovascular disease. Numerous risk scores exist although their respective merits are debated. <hl> Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these lack clear-cut evidence to support their routine use. <hl> They include family history, coronary artery calcification score, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index, lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and markers of kidney function.", "paragraph_answer": "Existing cardiovascular disease or a previous cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack or stroke, is the strongest predictor of a future cardiovascular event. Age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes are important predictors of future cardiovascular disease in people who are not known to have cardiovascular disease. These measures, and sometimes others, may be combined into composite risk scores to estimate an individual's future risk of cardiovascular disease. Numerous risk scores exist although their respective merits are debated. Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these <hl> lack clear-cut evidence <hl> to support their routine use. They include family history, coronary artery calcification score, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index, lipoprotein subclasses and particle concentration, lipoprotein(a), apolipoproteins A-I and B, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, homocysteine, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and markers of kidney function.", "sentence_answer": "Other diagnostic tests and biomarkers remain under evaluation but currently these <hl> lack clear-cut evidence <hl> to support their routine use.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d7602b22cd4dfcfbceb5"}
{"question": "Does the Republican party support gay rights?", "paragraph": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "answer": "Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement", "sentence": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement . <hl> Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_answer": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the <hl> Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement <hl>. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "sentence_answer": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the <hl> Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670f6d2b22cd4dfcfbecd5"}
{"question": "What year did international train travel arrive in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "answer": "1889", "sentence": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889 , with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889 , with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. <hl> Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "paragraph_answer": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in <hl> 1889 <hl>, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. After Istanbul's Haydarpa\u015fa Terminal opened in 1908, it served as the western terminus of the Baghdad Railway and an extension of the Hejaz Railway; today, neither service is offered directly from Istanbul. Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. New stations to replace both the Haydarpa\u015fa and Sirkeci terminals, and connect the city's disjointed railway networks, are expected to open upon completion of the Marmaray project; until then, Istanbul is without intercity rail service. Private bus companies operate instead. Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.", "sentence_answer": "International rail service from Istanbul launched in <hl> 1889 <hl> , with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris.", "paragraph_id": "5d66068e2b22cd4dfcfbd5f4"}
{"question": "What part of the Connecticut Colony remained with the government of Hartford?", "paragraph": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "answer": "New Haven", "sentence": "Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. <hl> Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, <hl> New Haven <hl> remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, <hl> New Haven <hl> remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d6785fa2b22cd4dfcfbfde8"}
{"question": "What is one convention used instead of parentheses in formulas?", "paragraph": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "answer": "colons", "sentence": "For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted.", "paragraph_sentence": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. <hl> For example, some authors use colons or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. <hl> Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "paragraph_answer": "The role of the parentheses in the definition is to ensure that any formula can only be obtained in one way by following the inductive definition (in other words, there is a unique parse tree for each formula). This property is known as unique readability of formulas. There are many conventions for where parentheses are used in formulas. For example, some authors use <hl> colons <hl> or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted. Each author's particular definition must be accompanied by a proof of unique readability.", "sentence_answer": "For example, some authors use <hl> colons <hl> or full stops instead of parentheses, or change the places in which parentheses are inserted.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6d42b22cd4dfcfbccd0"}
{"question": "In regards to tin, what is increasing greatly?", "paragraph": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "answer": "recycling of scrap tin", "sentence": "The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin , is increasing rapidly.", "paragraph_sentence": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. <hl> The recovery of tin through secondary production, or recycling of scrap tin , is increasing rapidly. <hl> Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "paragraph_answer": "Secondary, or scrap, tin is also an important source of the metal. The recovery of tin through secondary production, or <hl> recycling of scrap tin <hl>, is increasing rapidly. Whereas the United States has neither mined since 1993 nor smelted tin since 1989, it was the largest secondary producer, recycling nearly 14,000 tonnes in 2006.", "sentence_answer": "The recovery of tin through secondary production, or <hl> recycling of scrap tin <hl> , is increasing rapidly.", "paragraph_id": "5d6894142b22cd4dfcfc3ba2"}
{"question": "How are the notes A, B and C flattened by the semitone on the Saxophone?", "paragraph": "Sax's original keywork, which was based on the Triebert system 3 oboe for the left hand and the Boehm clarinet for the right, was very simplistic and made playing some legato passages and wide intervals extremely difficult to finger, so numerous developers added extra keys and alternate fingerings to make chromatic playing less difficult. While the early saxophone had two separate octave vents to assist in the playing of the upper registers just as modern instruments do, players of Sax's original design had to operate these via two separate octave keys operated by the left thumb. A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key, which is now universal on modern saxophones.  Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. However, this keywork never gained much popularity, and is no longer in use.", "answer": "a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger.", "sentence": " Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sax's original keywork, which was based on the Triebert system 3 oboe for the left hand and the Boehm clarinet for the right, was very simplistic and made playing some legato passages and wide intervals extremely difficult to finger, so numerous developers added extra keys and alternate fingerings to make chromatic playing less difficult. While the early saxophone had two separate octave vents to assist in the playing of the upper registers just as modern instruments do, players of Sax's original design had to operate these via two separate octave keys operated by the left thumb. A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key, which is now universal on modern saxophones. <hl> Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. <hl> However, this keywork never gained much popularity, and is no longer in use.", "paragraph_answer": "Sax's original keywork, which was based on the Triebert system 3 oboe for the left hand and the Boehm clarinet for the right, was very simplistic and made playing some legato passages and wide intervals extremely difficult to finger, so numerous developers added extra keys and alternate fingerings to make chromatic playing less difficult. While the early saxophone had two separate octave vents to assist in the playing of the upper registers just as modern instruments do, players of Sax's original design had to operate these via two separate octave keys operated by the left thumb. A substantial advancement in saxophone keywork was the development of a method by which the left thumb operates both tone holes with a single octave key, which is now universal on modern saxophones. Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow <hl> a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. <hl> This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit. However, this keywork never gained much popularity, and is no longer in use.", "sentence_answer": " Further developments were made by Selmer in the 1930s and 40s, including offsetting tone holes and revamping the octave key mechanism, beginning with their balanced action instruments and continuing through their celebrated Mark VI line.[citation needed] One of the most radical, however temporary, revisions of saxophone keywork was made in the 1950s by M. Houvenaghel of Paris, who completely redeveloped the mechanics of the system to allow <hl> a number of notes (C\u266f, B, A, G, F and E\u266d) to be flattened by a semitone simply by pressing the right middle finger. <hl> This enables a chromatic scale to be played over two octaves simply by playing the diatonic scale combined with alternately raising and lowering this one digit.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754d32b22cd4dfcfbf74a"}
{"question": "When did the paper begin publication?", "paragraph": "The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. Its founder, Henry White, chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers. On 20 October 1822 it was reborn as The Sunday Times, although it had no relationship with The Times. In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey, a radical politician.", "answer": "18 February 1821", "sentence": "The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The paper began publication on 18 February 1821 as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. <hl> Its founder, Henry White, chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers. On 20 October 1822 it was reborn as The Sunday Times, although it had no relationship with The Times. In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey, a radical politician.", "paragraph_answer": "The paper began publication on <hl> 18 February 1821 <hl> as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer. Its founder, Henry White, chose the name in an apparent attempt to take advantage of the success of the The Observer newspaper, which had been founded in 1791, although there was no connection between the two papers. On 20 October 1822 it was reborn as The Sunday Times, although it had no relationship with The Times. In January 1823, White sold the paper to Daniel Whittle Harvey, a radical politician.", "sentence_answer": "The paper began publication on <hl> 18 February 1821 <hl> as The New Observer, but from 21 April its title was changed to the Independent Observer.", "paragraph_id": "5d682b7f2b22cd4dfcfc062e"}
{"question": "When did the studies of the brain become more sophisticated?", "paragraph": "Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s. The procedure used a silver chromate salt to reveal the intricate structures of individual neurons. His technique was used by Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal and led to the formation of the neuron doctrine, the hypothesis that the functional unit of the brain is the neuron. Golgi and Ram\u00f3n y Cajal shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906 for their extensive observations, descriptions, and categorizations of neurons throughout the brain. While Luigi Galvani's pioneering work in the late 1700s had set the stage for studying the electrical excitability of muscles and neurons, it was in the late 19th century that Emil du Bois-Reymond, Johannes Peter M\u00fcller, and Hermann von Helmholtz demonstrated that the electrical excitation of neurons predictably affected the electrical states of adjacent neurons,[citation needed] and Richard Caton found electrical phenomena in the cerebral hemispheres of rabbits and monkeys.", "answer": "after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure", "sentence": "Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Studies of the brain became more sophisticated after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s. <hl> The procedure used a silver chromate salt to reveal the intricate structures of individual neurons. His technique was used by Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal and led to the formation of the neuron doctrine, the hypothesis that the functional unit of the brain is the neuron. Golgi and Ram\u00f3n y Cajal shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906 for their extensive observations, descriptions, and categorizations of neurons throughout the brain. While Luigi Galvani's pioneering work in the late 1700s had set the stage for studying the electrical excitability of muscles and neurons, it was in the late 19th century that Emil du Bois-Reymond, Johannes Peter M\u00fcller, and Hermann von Helmholtz demonstrated that the electrical excitation of neurons predictably affected the electrical states of adjacent neurons,[citation needed] and Richard Caton found electrical phenomena in the cerebral hemispheres of rabbits and monkeys.", "paragraph_answer": "Studies of the brain became more sophisticated <hl> after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure <hl> by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s. The procedure used a silver chromate salt to reveal the intricate structures of individual neurons. His technique was used by Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal and led to the formation of the neuron doctrine, the hypothesis that the functional unit of the brain is the neuron. Golgi and Ram\u00f3n y Cajal shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906 for their extensive observations, descriptions, and categorizations of neurons throughout the brain. While Luigi Galvani's pioneering work in the late 1700s had set the stage for studying the electrical excitability of muscles and neurons, it was in the late 19th century that Emil du Bois-Reymond, Johannes Peter M\u00fcller, and Hermann von Helmholtz demonstrated that the electrical excitation of neurons predictably affected the electrical states of adjacent neurons,[citation needed] and Richard Caton found electrical phenomena in the cerebral hemispheres of rabbits and monkeys.", "sentence_answer": "Studies of the brain became more sophisticated <hl> after the invention of the microscope and the development of a staining procedure <hl> by Camillo Golgi during the late 1890s.", "paragraph_id": "5d67acef2b22cd4dfcfbff94"}
{"question": "Who refused to use Soviet forces in East Germany to suppress the revolt?", "paragraph": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev-style political liberalisation. In 1989, revolts across Eastern Europe and China against Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes. In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the Tianamen Square attacks that stopped the revolts by force. The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. The event in East Germany developed into a popular mass revolt with sections of the Berlin Wall being torn down and East and West Berliners uniting. Gorbachev's refusal to use Soviet forces based in East Germany to suppress the revolt was seen as a sign that the Cold War had ended. Honecker was pressured to resign from office and the new government committed itself to reunification with West Germany. The Stalinist regime of Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu in Romania was forcefully overthrown in 1989 and Ceau\u0219escu was executed. The other Warsaw Pact regimes fell in 1989 with the exception of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania that continued until 1992.", "answer": "Gorbachev", "sentence": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev -style political liberalisation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of Gorbachev -style political liberalisation. <hl> In 1989, revolts across Eastern Europe and China against Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes. In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the Tianamen Square attacks that stopped the revolts by force. The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. The event in East Germany developed into a popular mass revolt with sections of the Berlin Wall being torn down and East and West Berliners uniting. Gorbachev's refusal to use Soviet forces based in East Germany to suppress the revolt was seen as a sign that the Cold War had ended. Honecker was pressured to resign from office and the new government committed itself to reunification with West Germany. The Stalinist regime of Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu in Romania was forcefully overthrown in 1989 and Ceau\u0219escu was executed. The other Warsaw Pact regimes fell in 1989 with the exception of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania that continued until 1992.", "paragraph_answer": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of <hl> Gorbachev <hl>-style political liberalisation. In 1989, revolts across Eastern Europe and China against Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes. In China, the government refused to negotiate with student protestors resulting in the Tianamen Square attacks that stopped the revolts by force. The revolts culminated with the revolt in East Germany against the Stalinist regime of Erich Honecker and demands for the Berlin Wall to be torn down. The event in East Germany developed into a popular mass revolt with sections of the Berlin Wall being torn down and East and West Berliners uniting. Gorbachev's refusal to use Soviet forces based in East Germany to suppress the revolt was seen as a sign that the Cold War had ended. Honecker was pressured to resign from office and the new government committed itself to reunification with West Germany. The Stalinist regime of Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu in Romania was forcefully overthrown in 1989 and Ceau\u0219escu was executed. The other Warsaw Pact regimes fell in 1989 with the exception of the Socialist People's Republic of Albania that continued until 1992.", "sentence_answer": "Meanwhile, the eastern European communist states politically deteriorated in response to the success of the Polish Solidarity movement and the possibility of <hl> Gorbachev <hl> -style political liberalisation.", "paragraph_id": "5d67be8c2b22cd4dfcfc013b"}
{"question": "How many meanings can be built from L(x,y)", "paragraph": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y). This is accomplished by abbreviating the relation \"x loves y\" by L(x,y). Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built. The following diagrams show models for each of them, assuming that there are exactly five individuals a,...,e who can love (vertical axis) and be loved (horizontal axis). A small red box at row x and column y indicates L(x,y). Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "answer": "8", "sentence": "Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built.", "paragraph_sentence": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y). This is accomplished by abbreviating the relation \"x loves y\" by L(x,y). <hl> Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with 8 different meanings can be built. <hl> The following diagrams show models for each of them, assuming that there are exactly five individuals a,...,e who can love (vertical axis) and be loved (horizontal axis). A small red box at row x and column y indicates L(x,y). Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "paragraph_answer": "English sentences like \"everyone loves someone\" can be formalized by first-order logic formulas like \u2200x\u2203y L(x,y). This is accomplished by abbreviating the relation \"x loves y\" by L(x,y). Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with <hl> 8 <hl> different meanings can be built. The following diagrams show models for each of them, assuming that there are exactly five individuals a,...,e who can love (vertical axis) and be loved (horizontal axis). A small red box at row x and column y indicates L(x,y). Only for the formulas 9 and 10 is the model unique, all other formulas may be satisfied by several models.", "sentence_answer": "Using just the two quantifiers \u2200 and \u2203 and the loving relation symbol L, but no logical connectives and no function symbols (including constants), formulas with <hl> 8 <hl> different meanings can be built.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c6e02b22cd4dfcfbcce2"}
{"question": "Most people in New York do not actually spend a lot on what important expense, relative to their income?", "paragraph": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "answer": "rent", "sentence": "Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita.", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. <hl> Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. <hl> Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for <hl> rent <hl> in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "sentence_answer": "Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for <hl> rent <hl> in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita.", "paragraph_id": "5d673bc22b22cd4dfcfbf385"}
{"question": "What determines the line along which the z axis lies?", "paragraph": "Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line.  The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed'.  The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "answer": "the x- and y-axes", "sentence": "Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Once the x- and y-axes are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line. <hl> The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed'. The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "paragraph_answer": "Once <hl> the x- and y-axes <hl> are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line. The two possible coordinate systems which result are called 'right-handed' and 'left-handed'. The standard orientation, where the xy-plane is horizontal and the z-axis points up (and the x- and the y-axis form a positively oriented two-dimensional coordinate system in the xy-plane if observed from above the xy-plane) is called right-handed or positive.", "sentence_answer": "Once <hl> the x- and y-axes <hl> are specified, they determine the line along which the z-axis should lie, but there are two possible directions on this line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6622c32b22cd4dfcfbd9c6"}
{"question": "What was the earlier year of the two Parliament Acts?", "paragraph": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "answer": "1911", "sentence": "This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949.", "paragraph_sentence": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. <hl> This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Although the Prime Minister, by convention, serves as a member of the House of Representatives, other ministers may come from either house, and the two houses have almost equal legislative power. As with most upper chambers in bicameral parliaments, the Senate cannot introduce appropriation bills (bills that authorise government expenditure of public revenue) or bills that impose taxation, that role being reserved for the lower house. That degree of equality between the Senate and House of Representatives reflects the desire of the Constitution's authors to address smaller states' desire for strong powers for the Senate as a way of ensuring that the interests of more populous states as represented in the House of Representatives did not totally dominate the government. This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts <hl> 1911 <hl> and 1949.", "sentence_answer": "This situation was also partly due to the age of the Australian constitution \u2013 it was enacted before the confrontation in 1909 in Britain between the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which ultimately resulted in the restrictions placed on the powers of the House of Lords by the Parliament Acts <hl> 1911 <hl> and 1949.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d2da2b22cd4dfcfbce19"}
{"question": "Where are New Canaan and Darien located?", "paragraph": "The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democratic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. The historically Republican-leaning wealthy town of Wilton voted in the majority for Barack Obama in the 2008 Presidential Election. Norwalk and Stamford, two larger, mixed-income communities in Fairfield County, have in many elections favored moderate Republicans including former Governor John G. Rowland and former Congressman Chris Shays, however they have favored Democrats in recent US presidential election years, with Shays being defeated by Democrat Jim Himes in the 2008 election.", "answer": "in Fairfield County", "sentence": "The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien in Fairfield County are considered the most Republican areas in the state. <hl> Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democratic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. The historically Republican-leaning wealthy town of Wilton voted in the majority for Barack Obama in the 2008 Presidential Election. Norwalk and Stamford, two larger, mixed-income communities in Fairfield County, have in many elections favored moderate Republicans including former Governor John G. Rowland and former Congressman Chris Shays, however they have favored Democrats in recent US presidential election years, with Shays being defeated by Democrat Jim Himes in the 2008 election.", "paragraph_answer": "The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien <hl> in Fairfield County <hl> are considered the most Republican areas in the state. Westport, a wealthy town a few miles to the east, is often considered one of the most loyally Democratic, liberal towns in Fairfield County. The historically Republican-leaning wealthy town of Wilton voted in the majority for Barack Obama in the 2008 Presidential Election. Norwalk and Stamford, two larger, mixed-income communities in Fairfield County, have in many elections favored moderate Republicans including former Governor John G. Rowland and former Congressman Chris Shays, however they have favored Democrats in recent US presidential election years, with Shays being defeated by Democrat Jim Himes in the 2008 election.", "sentence_answer": "The suburban towns of New Canaan and Darien <hl> in Fairfield County <hl> are considered the most Republican areas in the state.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f4a62b22cd4dfcfbd3e2"}
{"question": "Which king granted Connecticut governmental authority?", "paragraph": "Connecticut is known as the \"Constitution State\". While the origin of this title is uncertain, the nickname may either refer to the Fundamental Orders of 1638\u201339 or possibly the \"Great Compromise\" (\"Connecticut Compromise\") of the 1787 Constitutional convention. These Fundamental Orders represent the framework for the first formal government written by a representative body in Connecticut. The government has operated under the direction of four separate documents in the course of Connecticut Constitutional History. After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662.", "answer": "King Charles II", "sentence": "After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut is known as the \"Constitution State\". While the origin of this title is uncertain, the nickname may either refer to the Fundamental Orders of 1638\u201339 or possibly the \"Great Compromise\" (\"Connecticut Compromise\") of the 1787 Constitutional convention. These Fundamental Orders represent the framework for the first formal government written by a representative body in Connecticut. The government has operated under the direction of four separate documents in the course of Connecticut Constitutional History. <hl> After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by King Charles II of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut is known as the \"Constitution State\". While the origin of this title is uncertain, the nickname may either refer to the Fundamental Orders of 1638\u201339 or possibly the \"Great Compromise\" (\"Connecticut Compromise\") of the 1787 Constitutional convention. These Fundamental Orders represent the framework for the first formal government written by a representative body in Connecticut. The government has operated under the direction of four separate documents in the course of Connecticut Constitutional History. After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by <hl> King Charles II <hl> of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662.", "sentence_answer": "After the Fundamental Orders, Connecticut was granted governmental authority by <hl> King Charles II <hl> of England through the Connecticut Charter of 1662.", "paragraph_id": "5d667bf52b22cd4dfcfbe07a"}
{"question": "Which county does not have any additional subdivisions?", "paragraph": "Counties may contain a number of cities, towns, villages, or hamlets, or sometimes just a part of a city. Some cities are consolidated with, and coterminous with, their counties, including Philadelphia, Honolulu, San Francisco, Nashville, and Denver\u2014that is to say, these counties consist in their entirety of a single municipality the government of which also operates as the county government. Some counties, such as Arlington County, Virginia, do not have any additional subdivisions. Some states contain independent cities that are not part of any county. New York City is coterminous with five counties.", "answer": "Arlington County, Virginia", "sentence": "Some counties, such as Arlington County, Virginia , do not have any additional subdivisions.", "paragraph_sentence": "Counties may contain a number of cities, towns, villages, or hamlets, or sometimes just a part of a city. Some cities are consolidated with, and coterminous with, their counties, including Philadelphia, Honolulu, San Francisco, Nashville, and Denver\u2014that is to say, these counties consist in their entirety of a single municipality the government of which also operates as the county government. <hl> Some counties, such as Arlington County, Virginia , do not have any additional subdivisions. <hl> Some states contain independent cities that are not part of any county. New York City is coterminous with five counties.", "paragraph_answer": "Counties may contain a number of cities, towns, villages, or hamlets, or sometimes just a part of a city. Some cities are consolidated with, and coterminous with, their counties, including Philadelphia, Honolulu, San Francisco, Nashville, and Denver\u2014that is to say, these counties consist in their entirety of a single municipality the government of which also operates as the county government. Some counties, such as <hl> Arlington County, Virginia <hl>, do not have any additional subdivisions. Some states contain independent cities that are not part of any county. New York City is coterminous with five counties.", "sentence_answer": "Some counties, such as <hl> Arlington County, Virginia <hl> , do not have any additional subdivisions.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750102b22cd4dfcfbf66d"}
{"question": "What area did the English Quakers found in North America?", "paragraph": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "answer": "Pennsylvania", "sentence": "Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania , the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. <hl> Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of Pennsylvania , the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. <hl> Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial history of the United States covers the history of European settlements from the start of colonization of America until their incorporation into the United States. In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain and the Netherlands launched major colonization programs in eastern North America. Small early attempts\u2014such as the English Lost Colony of Roanoke\u2014often disappeared; everywhere the death rate of the first arrivals was very high. Nevertheless, successful colonies were established. European settlers came from a variety of social and religious groups. No aristocrats settled permanently, but a number of adventurers, soldiers, farmers, and tradesmen arrived. Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of <hl> Pennsylvania <hl>, the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles. Non-British colonies were taken over and the inhabitants were all assimilated, unlike in Nova Scotia, where the British expelled the French Acadian inhabitants. There were no major civil wars among the 13 colonies, and the two chief armed rebellions (in Virginia in 1676 and in New York in 1689\u201391) were short-lived failures. Wars between the French and the British\u2014the French and Indian Wars and Father Rale's War\u2014were recurrent, and involved French support for Wabanaki Confederacy attacks on the frontiers. By 1760, France was defeated and the British seized its colonies.", "sentence_answer": "Diversity was an American characteristic as the Dutch of New Netherland, the Swedes and Finns of New Sweden, the English Quakers of <hl> Pennsylvania <hl> , the English Puritans of New England, the English settlers of Jamestown, and the \"worthy poor\" of Georgia, came to the new continent and built colonies with distinctive social, religious, political and economic styles.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672232b22cd4dfcfbdf3e"}
{"question": "What pattern of politics might grow out of control?", "paragraph": "Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; patronage politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; centralized power centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed]", "answer": "patronage", "sentence": "Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; patronage politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; centralized power centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; patronage politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; centralized power centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; <hl> patronage <hl> politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; centralized power centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Other challenges, and even dangers, include the possibility that corrupt local elites can capture regional or local power centers, while constituents lose representation; <hl> patronage <hl> politics will become rampant and civil servants feel compromised; further necessary decentralization can be stymied; incomplete information and hidden decision-making can occur up and down the hierarchies; centralized power centers can find reasons to frustrate decentralization and bring power back to themselves.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d65e12d2b22cd4dfcfbd0a7"}
{"question": "The second smallest county by land in the united states is where?", "paragraph": "Although New York County is the United States' second-smallest county by land area (larger only than Kalawao County, Hawaii), it is also the most densely populated U.S. county. It is also one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with a census-estimated 2015 population of 1,644,518 living in a land area of 22.83 square miles (59.13 km2)*, or 72,033 residents per square mile (27,812/km2), higher than the density of any individual American city. On business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile (65,600/km2). Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York City's five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, and is the smallest borough in terms of land area.", "answer": "New York County", "sentence": "Although New York County is the United States' second-smallest county by land area (larger only than Kalawao County, Hawaii), it is also the most densely populated U.S. county.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Although New York County is the United States' second-smallest county by land area (larger only than Kalawao County, Hawaii), it is also the most densely populated U.S. county. <hl> It is also one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with a census-estimated 2015 population of 1,644,518 living in a land area of 22.83 square miles (59.13 km2)*, or 72,033 residents per square mile (27,812/km2), higher than the density of any individual American city. On business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile (65,600/km2). Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York City's five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, and is the smallest borough in terms of land area.", "paragraph_answer": "Although <hl> New York County <hl> is the United States' second-smallest county by land area (larger only than Kalawao County, Hawaii), it is also the most densely populated U.S. county. It is also one of the most densely populated areas in the world, with a census-estimated 2015 population of 1,644,518 living in a land area of 22.83 square miles (59.13 km2)*, or 72,033 residents per square mile (27,812/km2), higher than the density of any individual American city. On business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile (65,600/km2). Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York City's five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, and is the smallest borough in terms of land area.", "sentence_answer": "Although <hl> New York County <hl> is the United States' second-smallest county by land area (larger only than Kalawao County, Hawaii), it is also the most densely populated U.S. county.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e08c2b22cd4dfcfc0376"}
{"question": "What title doctors need for to practice privately?", "paragraph": "After at least six years of medical school, the students graduate with a final federal medical exam (Zweiter Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung). Graduates receive their license to practice medicine and the professional title of physician (Arzt). The academic degree Doctor of Medicine (Dr. med.) is technically a research doctorate degree, though it is roughly equivalent to a master's degree in Anglo-Saxon countries. It is awarded if the graduate has, in addition, successfully completed a scientific study and dissertation. Many medical students opt to perform their thesis during their studies at medical school, but are only allowed to finish the dissertation process after their studies.\nIf physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming Facharzt (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.).", "answer": "Facharzt", "sentence": "If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming Facharzt (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.).", "paragraph_sentence": "After at least six years of medical school, the students graduate with a final federal medical exam (Zweiter Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung). Graduates receive their license to practice medicine and the professional title of physician (Arzt). The academic degree Doctor of Medicine (Dr. med.) is technically a research doctorate degree, though it is roughly equivalent to a master's degree in Anglo-Saxon countries. It is awarded if the graduate has, in addition, successfully completed a scientific study and dissertation. Many medical students opt to perform their thesis during their studies at medical school, but are only allowed to finish the dissertation process after their studies. <hl> If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming Facharzt (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "After at least six years of medical school, the students graduate with a final federal medical exam (Zweiter Abschnitt der \u00e4rztlichen Pr\u00fcfung). Graduates receive their license to practice medicine and the professional title of physician (Arzt). The academic degree Doctor of Medicine (Dr. med.) is technically a research doctorate degree, though it is roughly equivalent to a master's degree in Anglo-Saxon countries. It is awarded if the graduate has, in addition, successfully completed a scientific study and dissertation. Many medical students opt to perform their thesis during their studies at medical school, but are only allowed to finish the dissertation process after their studies. If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming <hl> Facharzt <hl> (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.).", "sentence_answer": "If physicians wish to open up a doctor's practice, they are required to further complete residency in order to fulfill the federal requirements of becoming <hl> Facharzt <hl> (specialized in a certain field of medicine such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics etc.).", "paragraph_id": "5d65d9e82b22cd4dfcfbcf14"}
{"question": "Who started drilling their militia?", "paragraph": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "answer": "13 colonies", "sentence": "By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). <hl> By this point the 13 colonies had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Parliament attempted a series of taxes and punishments which met more and more resistance: First Quartering Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766); Townshend Revenue Act (1767); and Tea Act (1773). In response to the Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts: Second Quartering Act (1774); Quebec Act (1774); Massachusetts Government Act (1774); Administration of Justice Act (1774); Boston Port Act (1774); Prohibitory Act (1775). By this point the <hl> 13 colonies <hl> had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "sentence_answer": "By this point the <hl> 13 colonies <hl> had organized themselves into the Continental Congress and began setting up shadow governments and drilling their militia in preparation for war.", "paragraph_id": "5d67715e2b22cd4dfcfbfbe4"}
{"question": "What will cause consequences for the body?", "paragraph": "The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense.", "answer": "vasoactive agents", "sentence": "The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The use of vasoactive agents for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The use of <hl> vasoactive agents <hl> for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense.", "sentence_answer": "The use of <hl> vasoactive agents <hl> for people with pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease or hypoxemic lung diseases may cause harm and unnecessary expense.", "paragraph_id": "5d66809b2b22cd4dfcfbe0e2"}
{"question": "Which magnification is less important for visual telescopes or binoculars?", "paragraph": "Linear magnification M is not always the most useful measure of magnifying power. For instance, when characterizing a visual telescope or binoculars that produce only a virtual image, one would be more concerned with the angular magnification\u2014which expresses how much larger a distant object appears through the telescope compared to the naked eye. In the case of a camera one would quote the plate scale, which compares the apparent (angular) size of a distant object to the size of the real image produced at the focus. The plate scale is the reciprocal of the focal length of the camera lens; lenses are categorized as long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses according to their focal lengths.", "answer": "Linear", "sentence": "Linear magnification M is not always the most useful measure of magnifying power.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Linear magnification M is not always the most useful measure of magnifying power. <hl> For instance, when characterizing a visual telescope or binoculars that produce only a virtual image, one would be more concerned with the angular magnification\u2014which expresses how much larger a distant object appears through the telescope compared to the naked eye. In the case of a camera one would quote the plate scale, which compares the apparent (angular) size of a distant object to the size of the real image produced at the focus. The plate scale is the reciprocal of the focal length of the camera lens; lenses are categorized as long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses according to their focal lengths.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Linear <hl> magnification M is not always the most useful measure of magnifying power. For instance, when characterizing a visual telescope or binoculars that produce only a virtual image, one would be more concerned with the angular magnification\u2014which expresses how much larger a distant object appears through the telescope compared to the naked eye. In the case of a camera one would quote the plate scale, which compares the apparent (angular) size of a distant object to the size of the real image produced at the focus. The plate scale is the reciprocal of the focal length of the camera lens; lenses are categorized as long-focus lenses or wide-angle lenses according to their focal lengths.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Linear <hl> magnification M is not always the most useful measure of magnifying power.", "paragraph_id": "5d677b342b22cd4dfcfbfd0a"}
{"question": "Who granted liberal political terms to the Connecticut Colony and Quinnipiack??", "paragraph": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "answer": "Charles II", "sentence": "In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II , who granted liberal political terms.", "paragraph_sentence": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. <hl> In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored Charles II , who granted liberal political terms. <hl> Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "paragraph_answer": "Neither the establishment of the Connecticut Colony or the Quinnipiack Colony was carried out with the sanction of the English Crown, and they were independent political entities. They naturally were presumptively English, but in a legal sense, they were only secessionist outposts of Massachusetts Bay. In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored <hl> Charles II <hl>, who granted liberal political terms. Although Winthrop's charter favored the Connecticut colony, New Haven remained a seat of government with Hartford until after the American Revolution.", "sentence_answer": "In 1662, Winthrop took advantage of this void in political affairs and obtained in England the charter by which the colonies of Connecticut and Quinnipiack were united from the newly restored <hl> Charles II <hl> , who granted liberal political terms.", "paragraph_id": "5d6785fa2b22cd4dfcfbfde7"}
{"question": "What kind of design must ensure structures are able to endure loading without ever failing?", "paragraph": "The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime. The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "answer": "structural design", "sentence": "The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "paragraph_sentence": "The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime. <hl> The structural design must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The forces which parts of a machine are subjected to can vary significantly, and can do so at a great rate. The forces which a boat or aircraft are subjected to vary enormously and will do so thousands of times over the structure's lifetime. The <hl> structural design <hl> must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> structural design <hl> must ensure that such structures are able to endure such loading for their entire design life without failing.", "paragraph_id": "5d678d0a2b22cd4dfcfbfe64"}
{"question": "In the Soviet Union, the economy went through what?", "paragraph": "Because Marxism\u2013Leninism has historically only been the state ideology of countries who were economically undeveloped prior to socialist revolution (or whose economies were nearly obliterated by war, such as the German Democratic Republic), the primary goal before achieving full communism was the development of socialism in itself. Such was the case in the Soviet Union, where the economy was largely agrarian and urban industry was in a primitive stage. To develop socialism, the economy went through a period of massive industrialisation, in which much of the peasant population moved into urban areas while those remaining in the rural areas began working in the new collective agricultural system. Since the mid-1930s, Marxism\u2013Leninism has advocated a socialist consumer society based upon egalitarianism, asceticism, and self-sacrifice. Previous attempts to replace the consumer society as derived from capitalism with a non-consumerist society failed and in the mid-1930s permitted a consumer society, a major change from traditional Marxism's anti-market and anti-consumerist theories. These reforms were promoted to encourage materialism and acquisitiveness in order to stimulate economic growth. This pro-consumerist policy has been advanced on the lines of \"industrial pragmatism\" as it advances economic progress through bolstering industrialisation.", "answer": "a period of massive industrialisation", "sentence": "To develop socialism, the economy went through a period of massive industrialisation , in which much of the peasant population moved into urban areas while those remaining in the rural areas began working in the new collective agricultural system.", "paragraph_sentence": "Because Marxism\u2013Leninism has historically only been the state ideology of countries who were economically undeveloped prior to socialist revolution (or whose economies were nearly obliterated by war, such as the German Democratic Republic), the primary goal before achieving full communism was the development of socialism in itself. Such was the case in the Soviet Union, where the economy was largely agrarian and urban industry was in a primitive stage. <hl> To develop socialism, the economy went through a period of massive industrialisation , in which much of the peasant population moved into urban areas while those remaining in the rural areas began working in the new collective agricultural system. <hl> Since the mid-1930s, Marxism\u2013Leninism has advocated a socialist consumer society based upon egalitarianism, asceticism, and self-sacrifice. Previous attempts to replace the consumer society as derived from capitalism with a non-consumerist society failed and in the mid-1930s permitted a consumer society, a major change from traditional Marxism's anti-market and anti-consumerist theories. These reforms were promoted to encourage materialism and acquisitiveness in order to stimulate economic growth. This pro-consumerist policy has been advanced on the lines of \"industrial pragmatism\" as it advances economic progress through bolstering industrialisation.", "paragraph_answer": "Because Marxism\u2013Leninism has historically only been the state ideology of countries who were economically undeveloped prior to socialist revolution (or whose economies were nearly obliterated by war, such as the German Democratic Republic), the primary goal before achieving full communism was the development of socialism in itself. Such was the case in the Soviet Union, where the economy was largely agrarian and urban industry was in a primitive stage. To develop socialism, the economy went through <hl> a period of massive industrialisation <hl>, in which much of the peasant population moved into urban areas while those remaining in the rural areas began working in the new collective agricultural system. Since the mid-1930s, Marxism\u2013Leninism has advocated a socialist consumer society based upon egalitarianism, asceticism, and self-sacrifice. Previous attempts to replace the consumer society as derived from capitalism with a non-consumerist society failed and in the mid-1930s permitted a consumer society, a major change from traditional Marxism's anti-market and anti-consumerist theories. These reforms were promoted to encourage materialism and acquisitiveness in order to stimulate economic growth. This pro-consumerist policy has been advanced on the lines of \"industrial pragmatism\" as it advances economic progress through bolstering industrialisation.", "sentence_answer": "To develop socialism, the economy went through <hl> a period of massive industrialisation <hl> , in which much of the peasant population moved into urban areas while those remaining in the rural areas began working in the new collective agricultural system.", "paragraph_id": "5d6716ab2b22cd4dfcfbeedf"}
{"question": "What lands did Latin spread to that had never spoken Latin before?", "paragraph": "Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed. The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.", "answer": "Germanic and Slavic nations", "sentence": "Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations .", "paragraph_sentence": "Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed. The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base. <hl> Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the Germanic and Slavic nations . <hl> It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.", "paragraph_answer": "Medieval Latin is the written Latin in use during that portion of the post-classical period when no corresponding Latin vernacular existed. The spoken language had developed into the various incipient Romance languages; however, in the educated and official world Latin continued without its natural spoken base. Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the <hl> Germanic and Slavic nations <hl>. It became useful for international communication between the member states of the Holy Roman Empire and its allies.", "sentence_answer": "Moreover, this Latin spread into lands that had never spoken Latin, such as the <hl> Germanic and Slavic nations <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6612e42b22cd4dfcfbd7bf"}
{"question": "Who wrote \"The Star Spangled Banner?\"", "paragraph": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "answer": "Francis Scott Key", "sentence": "It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. <hl> It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. <hl> The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1795, the number of stars and stripes was increased from 13 to 15 (to reflect the entry of Vermont and Kentucky as states of the Union). For a time the flag was not changed when subsequent states were admitted, probably because it was thought that this would cause too much clutter. It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired <hl> Francis Scott Key <hl> to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem. The flag is currently on display in the exhibition, \"The Star-Spangled Banner: The Flag That Inspired the National Anthem\" at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History in a two-story display chamber that protects the flag while it is on view.", "sentence_answer": "It was the 15-star, 15-stripe flag that inspired <hl> Francis Scott Key <hl> to write \"Defence of Fort M'Henry\", later known as \"The Star Spangled Banner\", which is now the American national anthem.", "paragraph_id": "5d66677f2b22cd4dfcfbde16"}
{"question": "Which bridge links Manhattan to New Jersey?", "paragraph": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "answer": "George Washington Bridge", "sentence": "Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge , the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south.", "paragraph_sentence": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. <hl> Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the George Washington Bridge , the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. <hl> Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "paragraph_answer": "Being primarily an island, Manhattan is linked to New York City's outer boroughs by numerous bridges, of various sizes. Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the <hl> George Washington Bridge <hl>, the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south. Its only direct connection with the fifth New York City borough, Staten Island, is the Staten Island Ferry across New York Harbor, which is free of charge. The ferry terminal is located near Battery Park at Manhattan's southern tip. It is also possible to travel on land to Staten Island by way of Brooklyn, via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan has fixed highway connections with New Jersey to its west by way of the <hl> George Washington Bridge <hl> , the Holland Tunnel, and the Lincoln Tunnel, and to three of the four other New York City boroughs\u2014the Bronx to the northeast, and Brooklyn and Queens (both on Long Island) to the east and south.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0ea2b22cd4dfcfbe68f"}
{"question": "Which Northeastern state currently does not consistently vote Democratic?", "paragraph": "Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. This trend continued into the 20th century, with 1944 Republican presidential candidate Thomas E. Dewey having only 10% of his popular votes in the South. After the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "answer": "New Hampshire", "sentence": "Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. This trend continued into the 20th century, with 1944 Republican presidential candidate Thomas E. Dewey having only 10% of his popular votes in the South. After the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. <hl> Every Northeastern state except for New Hampshire has voted Democratic six straight elections or more. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Historically speaking, the Republican base initially consisted of northern white Protestants and African-Americans nationwide, with the first Presidential candidate, John C. Fremont, receiving almost no votes in the South. This trend continued into the 20th century, with 1944 Republican presidential candidate Thomas E. Dewey having only 10% of his popular votes in the South. After the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the core base shifted considerably, with the Southern United States becoming more reliably Republican in presidential politics, and the Northeastern United States becoming more reliably Democratic, especially since 1992. Every Northeastern state except for <hl> New Hampshire <hl> has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "sentence_answer": "Every Northeastern state except for <hl> New Hampshire <hl> has voted Democratic six straight elections or more.", "paragraph_id": "5d6751702b22cd4dfcfbf6c3"}
{"question": "What kind of cost is incurred in higher-order logic expression?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain.  Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "answer": "metalogical", "sentence": "This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "paragraph_sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. <hl> This expressiveness comes at a metalogical cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory has any infinite model, then it has infinite models of every cardinality. In particular, no first-order theory with an infinite model can be categorical. Thus there is no first-order theory whose only model has the set of natural numbers as its domain, or whose only model has the set of real numbers as its domain. Many extensions of first-order logic, including infinitary logics and higher-order logics, are more expressive in the sense that they do permit categorical axiomatizations of the natural numbers or real numbers. This expressiveness comes at a <hl> metalogical <hl> cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "sentence_answer": "This expressiveness comes at a <hl> metalogical <hl> cost, however: by Lindstr\u00f6m's theorem, the compactness theorem and the downward L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem cannot hold in any logic stronger than first-order.", "paragraph_id": "5d66e16d2b22cd4dfcfbe4f1"}
{"question": "What is the letter used to represent an unspecified number of letters?", "paragraph": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "answer": "x", "sentence": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related conte x ts can be represented according to their letter count.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Inconveniently long words used frequently in related conte x ts can be represented according to their letter count. <hl> For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "paragraph_answer": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related conte<hl> x <hl>ts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "sentence_answer": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related conte <hl> x <hl> ts can be represented according to their letter count.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a5d02b22cd4dfcfbcab7"}
{"question": "What is the major metal in the American and Canadian pennies?", "paragraph": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "answer": "Tin", "sentence": "Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. <hl> Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Tin <hl> in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys. Tin is most commonly alloyed with copper. Pewter is 85\u201399% tin; Bearing metal has a high percentage of tin as well. Bronze is mostly copper (12% tin), while addition of phosphorus gives phosphor bronze. Bell metal is also a copper-tin alloy, containing 22% tin. Tin has also sometimes been used in coinage; for example, it once formed a single-digit figure percentage (usually five percent or less) of the American and Canadian pennies. Because copper is often the major metal in such coins, and zinc is sometimes present as well, these could technically be called bronze and/or brass alloys.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Tin <hl> in combination with other elements forms a wide variety of useful alloys.", "paragraph_id": "5d670ee02b22cd4dfcfbecad"}
{"question": "What is the primary function of the Connecticut Supreme Court?", "paragraph": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "answer": "deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases", "sentence": "The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law.", "paragraph_sentence": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. <hl> The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. <hl> Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "paragraph_answer": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for <hl> deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases <hl> as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "sentence_answer": "The Supreme Court is responsible for <hl> deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases <hl> as they relate to the law.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e58c2b22cd4dfcfbd19e"}
{"question": "What The Sunday Times team has won awards?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting \u2013 much of it by its award-winning Insight team \u2013 and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage. It has a number of popular writers, columnists and commentators including Jeremy Clarkson, A. A. Gill and Bryan Appleyard. It was Britain's first multi-section newspaper and remains substantially larger than its rivals. A typical edition contains the equivalent of 450 to 500 tabloid pages. Besides the main news section, it has standalone News Review, Business, Sport, Money and Appointments sections \u2013 all broadsheet. There are three magazines (The Sunday Times Magazine, Culture, and Style) and three tabloid supplements (Travel, Home and Driving). It has a website and separate digital editions configured for both the iOS operating system for the Apple iPad and the Android operating system for such devices as the Google Nexus, all of which offer video clips, extra features and multimedia and other material not found in the printed version of the newspaper.[citation needed]", "answer": "Insight team", "sentence": "The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting \u2013 much of it by its award-winning Insight team \u2013 and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting \u2013 much of it by its award-winning Insight team \u2013 and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage. <hl> It has a number of popular writers, columnists and commentators including Jeremy Clarkson, A. A. Gill and Bryan Appleyard. It was Britain's first multi-section newspaper and remains substantially larger than its rivals. A typical edition contains the equivalent of 450 to 500 tabloid pages. Besides the main news section, it has standalone News Review, Business, Sport, Money and Appointments sections \u2013 all broadsheet. There are three magazines (The Sunday Times Magazine, Culture, and Style) and three tabloid supplements (Travel, Home and Driving). It has a website and separate digital editions configured for both the iOS operating system for the Apple iPad and the Android operating system for such devices as the Google Nexus, all of which offer video clips, extra features and multimedia and other material not found in the printed version of the newspaper.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting \u2013 much of it by its award-winning <hl> Insight team <hl> \u2013 and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage. It has a number of popular writers, columnists and commentators including Jeremy Clarkson, A. A. Gill and Bryan Appleyard. It was Britain's first multi-section newspaper and remains substantially larger than its rivals. A typical edition contains the equivalent of 450 to 500 tabloid pages. Besides the main news section, it has standalone News Review, Business, Sport, Money and Appointments sections \u2013 all broadsheet. There are three magazines (The Sunday Times Magazine, Culture, and Style) and three tabloid supplements (Travel, Home and Driving). It has a website and separate digital editions configured for both the iOS operating system for the Apple iPad and the Android operating system for such devices as the Google Nexus, all of which offer video clips, extra features and multimedia and other material not found in the printed version of the newspaper.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting \u2013 much of it by its award-winning <hl> Insight team <hl> \u2013 and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage.", "paragraph_id": "5d6829e72b22cd4dfcfc061b"}
{"question": "What is another phrase for false etymology?", "paragraph": "It is not uncommon for acronyms to be cited in a kind of false etymology, called a folk etymology, for a word. Such etymologies persist in popular culture but have no factual basis in historical linguistics, and are examples of language-related urban legends. For example, cop is commonly cited as being derived, it is presumed, from \"constable on patrol,\" and posh from \"port out, starboard home\". With some of these specious expansions, the \"belief\" that the etymology is acronymic has clearly been tongue-in-cheek among many citers, as with \"gentlemen only, ladies forbidden\" for golf, although many other (more credulous) people have uncritically taken it for fact. Taboo words in particular commonly have such false etymologies: shit from \"ship/store high in transit\" or \"special high-intensity training\" and fuck from \"for unlawful carnal knowledge\", or \"fornication under consent/command of the king\".", "answer": "folk etymology", "sentence": "It is not uncommon for acronyms to be cited in a kind of false etymology, called a folk etymology , for a word.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> It is not uncommon for acronyms to be cited in a kind of false etymology, called a folk etymology , for a word. <hl> Such etymologies persist in popular culture but have no factual basis in historical linguistics, and are examples of language-related urban legends. For example, cop is commonly cited as being derived, it is presumed, from \"constable on patrol,\" and posh from \"port out, starboard home\". With some of these specious expansions, the \"belief\" that the etymology is acronymic has clearly been tongue-in-cheek among many citers, as with \"gentlemen only, ladies forbidden\" for golf, although many other (more credulous) people have uncritically taken it for fact. Taboo words in particular commonly have such false etymologies: shit from \"ship/store high in transit\" or \"special high-intensity training\" and fuck from \"for unlawful carnal knowledge\", or \"fornication under consent/command of the king\".", "paragraph_answer": "It is not uncommon for acronyms to be cited in a kind of false etymology, called a <hl> folk etymology <hl>, for a word. Such etymologies persist in popular culture but have no factual basis in historical linguistics, and are examples of language-related urban legends. For example, cop is commonly cited as being derived, it is presumed, from \"constable on patrol,\" and posh from \"port out, starboard home\". With some of these specious expansions, the \"belief\" that the etymology is acronymic has clearly been tongue-in-cheek among many citers, as with \"gentlemen only, ladies forbidden\" for golf, although many other (more credulous) people have uncritically taken it for fact. Taboo words in particular commonly have such false etymologies: shit from \"ship/store high in transit\" or \"special high-intensity training\" and fuck from \"for unlawful carnal knowledge\", or \"fornication under consent/command of the king\".", "sentence_answer": "It is not uncommon for acronyms to be cited in a kind of false etymology, called a <hl> folk etymology <hl> , for a word.", "paragraph_id": "5d657c982b22cd4dfcfbc990"}
{"question": "Is it necessary for the surnames to be joined by hyphen?", "paragraph": "Compound surnames in English and several other European cultures feature two (or occasionally more) words, often joined by a hyphen or hyphens. However, it is not unusual for compound surnames to be composed of separate words not linked by a hyphen, for example Iain Duncan Smith, a former leader of the British Conservative Party, whose surname is \"Duncan Smith\". A surname with the prefix \"Fitz\" can be spelled with the prefix as a separate word, as in \"Fitz William\", as well as \"FitzWilliam\" or \"Fitzwilliam\".", "answer": "it is not unusual for compound surnames to be composed of separate words not linked by a hyphen", "sentence": "However, it is not unusual for compound surnames to be composed of separate words not linked by a hyphen , for example Iain Duncan Smith, a former leader of the British Conservative Party, whose surname is \"Duncan Smith\".", "paragraph_sentence": "Compound surnames in English and several other European cultures feature two (or occasionally more) words, often joined by a hyphen or hyphens. <hl> However, it is not unusual for compound surnames to be composed of separate words not linked by a hyphen , for example Iain Duncan Smith, a former leader of the British Conservative Party, whose surname is \"Duncan Smith\". <hl> A surname with the prefix \"Fitz\" can be spelled with the prefix as a separate word, as in \"Fitz William\", as well as \"FitzWilliam\" or \"Fitzwilliam\".", "paragraph_answer": "Compound surnames in English and several other European cultures feature two (or occasionally more) words, often joined by a hyphen or hyphens. However, <hl> it is not unusual for compound surnames to be composed of separate words not linked by a hyphen <hl>, for example Iain Duncan Smith, a former leader of the British Conservative Party, whose surname is \"Duncan Smith\". A surname with the prefix \"Fitz\" can be spelled with the prefix as a separate word, as in \"Fitz William\", as well as \"FitzWilliam\" or \"Fitzwilliam\".", "sentence_answer": "However, <hl> it is not unusual for compound surnames to be composed of separate words not linked by a hyphen <hl> , for example Iain Duncan Smith, a former leader of the British Conservative Party, whose surname is \"Duncan Smith\".", "paragraph_id": "5d671c872b22cd4dfcfbef93"}
{"question": "Why is cautious consideration required in utilizing mean collapse mechanisms?", "paragraph": "They can also be designed with yield line theory, where an assumed collapse mechanism is analysed to give an upper bound on the collapse load (see Plasticity). This technique is used in practice  but because the method provides an upper-bound, i.e. an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic.", "answer": "ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic", "sentence": "This technique is used in practice  but because the method provides an upper-bound, i.e. an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic .", "paragraph_sentence": "They can also be designed with yield line theory, where an assumed collapse mechanism is analysed to give an upper bound on the collapse load (see Plasticity). <hl> This technique is used in practice but because the method provides an upper-bound, i.e. an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "They can also be designed with yield line theory, where an assumed collapse mechanism is analysed to give an upper bound on the collapse load (see Plasticity). This technique is used in practice but because the method provides an upper-bound, i.e. an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to <hl> ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "This technique is used in practice but because the method provides an upper-bound, i.e. an unsafe prediction of the collapse load, for poorly conceived collapse mechanisms great care is needed to <hl> ensure that the assumed collapse mechanism is realistic <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6759032b22cd4dfcfbf7cd"}
{"question": "Where does the location name O Creachmhaoil come from?", "paragraph": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for \"hill\") or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations. \"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \"resident of Lucca.\" Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway. This is thought to be due to the tendency in Europe during the Middle Ages for migration to chiefly be from smaller communities to the cities and the need for new arrivals to choose a defining surname.", "answer": "a village in County Galway", "sentence": "Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway .", "paragraph_sentence": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for \"hill\") or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations. \"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \"resident of Lucca.\" <hl> Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from a village in County Galway . <hl> This is thought to be due to the tendency in Europe during the Middle Ages for migration to chiefly be from smaller communities to the cities and the need for new arrivals to choose a defining surname.", "paragraph_answer": "Location names, or habitation names, may be as generic as \"Monte\" (Portuguese for \"mountain\"), \"G\u00f3rski\" (Polish for \"hill\") or \"Pitt\" (variant of \"pit\"), but may also refer to specific locations. \"Washington,\" for instance, is thought to mean \"the homestead of the family of Wassa,\" while \"Lucci\" likely means \"resident of Lucca.\" Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from <hl> a village in County Galway <hl>. This is thought to be due to the tendency in Europe during the Middle Ages for migration to chiefly be from smaller communities to the cities and the need for new arrivals to choose a defining surname.", "sentence_answer": "Although some surnames, such as \"London,\" \"Lisboa\" or \"Bialystok\" are derived from large cities, more people reflect the names of smaller communities, as in \u00d3 Creachmhaoil, derived from <hl> a village in County Galway <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d673b4d2b22cd4dfcfbf341"}
{"question": "Tin is the first superconductors to do what?", "paragraph": "Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals.", "answer": "to be studied", "sentence": "In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied ; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. <hl> In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors to be studied ; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Tin becomes a superconductor below 3.72 K. In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors <hl> to be studied <hl>; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals.", "sentence_answer": "In fact, tin was one of the first superconductors <hl> to be studied <hl> ; the Meissner effect, one of the characteristic features of superconductors, was first discovered in superconducting tin crystals.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ee4b2b22cd4dfcfbe5b1"}
{"question": "What gas is released by the anaerobic bacteria in the dead zone?", "paragraph": "Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. The more saline (and therefore denser) water remains on the bottom, isolating it from surface waters and the atmosphere. This leads to decreased oxygen concentrations within the zone. It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide. Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighbouring Atlantic.", "answer": "hydrogen sulfide", "sentence": "It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide .", "paragraph_sentence": "Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. The more saline (and therefore denser) water remains on the bottom, isolating it from surface waters and the atmosphere. This leads to decreased oxygen concentrations within the zone. <hl> It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing hydrogen sulfide . <hl> Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighbouring Atlantic.", "paragraph_answer": "Approximately 100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi) of the Baltic's seafloor (a quarter of its total area) is a variable dead zone. The more saline (and therefore denser) water remains on the bottom, isolating it from surface waters and the atmosphere. This leads to decreased oxygen concentrations within the zone. It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing <hl> hydrogen sulfide <hl>. Because of this large anaerobic zone, the seafloor ecology differs from that of the neighbouring Atlantic.", "sentence_answer": "It is mainly bacteria that grow in it, digesting organic material and releasing <hl> hydrogen sulfide <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65cd1c2b22cd4dfcfbcd9e"}
{"question": "When can one go for further specialization?", "paragraph": "After obtaining the first postgraduate degree, that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. This involves a highly competitive entrance examination. Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM (Doctor of Medicine), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia. For surgical superspecialities the degree awarded is MCh (Magister Chirurgiae), like MCh in Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Gastrosurgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Surgery etc. DM and Mch are Doctorate degrees.  A third alternate qualification is DNB (superspecialties), offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "answer": "After obtaining the first postgraduate degree", "sentence": "After obtaining the first postgraduate degree , that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After obtaining the first postgraduate degree , that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. <hl> This involves a highly competitive entrance examination. Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM (Doctor of Medicine), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia. For surgical superspecialities the degree awarded is MCh (Magister Chirurgiae), like MCh in Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Gastrosurgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Surgery etc. DM and Mch are Doctorate degrees. A third alternate qualification is DNB (superspecialties), offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> After obtaining the first postgraduate degree <hl>, that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields. This involves a highly competitive entrance examination. Course has three years of additional training and study and then after passing an examination, both theory and practical, the degree awarded is DM (Doctor of Medicine), like DM in Cardiology, Neurology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, NeuroRadiology, Critical Care, Pulmonology, Hematology, Medical Oncology, Cardioanaesthesia,Clinical Pharmacology and Neuroanaesthesia. For surgical superspecialities the degree awarded is MCh (Magister Chirurgiae), like MCh in Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Gastrosurgery, Urology, Plastic Surgery, Pediatric Surgery etc. DM and Mch are Doctorate degrees. A third alternate qualification is DNB (superspecialties), offered by National Board of Examinations, like DNB in Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiac Surgery, Neurosurgery.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> After obtaining the first postgraduate degree <hl> , that is MD/MS/FCPS/DNB, one can go for further specialisation in medical or surgical fields.", "paragraph_id": "5d6680182b22cd4dfcfbe0d8"}
{"question": "What is at the Bayon temple?", "paragraph": "Mid-relief is probably the most common type of relief found in the Hindu and Buddhist art art of India and Southeast Asia. The low reliefs of 2nd-century BCE to 6th-century CE Ajanta Caves and 5th to 10th-century Ellora Caves in India are rock reliefs. Most of these reliefs are used to narrate sacred scriptures, such as the 1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple in Central Java, Indonesia, narrating the Jataka tales or lives of the Buddha. Other examples are low reliefs narrating the Ramayana Hindu epic in Prambanan temple, also in Java, in Cambodia, the temples of Angkor, with scenes including the Samudra manthan or \"Churning the Ocean of Milk\" at the 12th-century Angkor Wat, and reliefs of apsaras. At Bayon temple in Angkor Thom there are scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire.", "answer": "scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire", "sentence": "At Bayon temple in Angkor Thom there are scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire .", "paragraph_sentence": "Mid-relief is probably the most common type of relief found in the Hindu and Buddhist art art of India and Southeast Asia. The low reliefs of 2nd-century BCE to 6th-century CE Ajanta Caves and 5th to 10th-century Ellora Caves in India are rock reliefs. Most of these reliefs are used to narrate sacred scriptures, such as the 1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple in Central Java, Indonesia, narrating the Jataka tales or lives of the Buddha. Other examples are low reliefs narrating the Ramayana Hindu epic in Prambanan temple, also in Java, in Cambodia, the temples of Angkor, with scenes including the Samudra manthan or \"Churning the Ocean of Milk\" at the 12th-century Angkor Wat, and reliefs of apsaras. <hl> At Bayon temple in Angkor Thom there are scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Mid-relief is probably the most common type of relief found in the Hindu and Buddhist art art of India and Southeast Asia. The low reliefs of 2nd-century BCE to 6th-century CE Ajanta Caves and 5th to 10th-century Ellora Caves in India are rock reliefs. Most of these reliefs are used to narrate sacred scriptures, such as the 1,460 panels of the 9th-century Borobudur temple in Central Java, Indonesia, narrating the Jataka tales or lives of the Buddha. Other examples are low reliefs narrating the Ramayana Hindu epic in Prambanan temple, also in Java, in Cambodia, the temples of Angkor, with scenes including the Samudra manthan or \"Churning the Ocean of Milk\" at the 12th-century Angkor Wat, and reliefs of apsaras. At Bayon temple in Angkor Thom there are <hl> scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "At Bayon temple in Angkor Thom there are <hl> scenes of daily life in the Khmer Empire <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67fa0d2b22cd4dfcfc04b6"}
{"question": "What type of event is caused by the Nazca and Antarctic Plate sliding under the South American Plate?", "paragraph": "Tectonic forces above the subduction zone along the entire west coast of South America where the Nazca Plate and a part of the Antarctic Plate are sliding beneath the South American Plate continue to produce an ongoing orogenic event resulting in minor to major earthquakes and volcanic eruptions to this day. In the extreme south a major transform fault separates Tierra del Fuego from the small Scotia Plate. Across the 1,000 km (620 mi) wide Drake Passage lie the mountains of the Antarctic Peninsula south of the Scotia Plate which appear to be a continuation of the Andes chain.[citation needed]", "answer": "orogenic event", "sentence": "Tectonic forces above the subduction zone along the entire west coast of South America where the Nazca Plate and a part of the Antarctic Plate are sliding beneath the South American Plate continue to produce an ongoing orogenic event resulting in minor to major earthquakes and volcanic eruptions to this day.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tectonic forces above the subduction zone along the entire west coast of South America where the Nazca Plate and a part of the Antarctic Plate are sliding beneath the South American Plate continue to produce an ongoing orogenic event resulting in minor to major earthquakes and volcanic eruptions to this day. <hl> In the extreme south a major transform fault separates Tierra del Fuego from the small Scotia Plate. Across the 1,000 km (620 mi) wide Drake Passage lie the mountains of the Antarctic Peninsula south of the Scotia Plate which appear to be a continuation of the Andes chain.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Tectonic forces above the subduction zone along the entire west coast of South America where the Nazca Plate and a part of the Antarctic Plate are sliding beneath the South American Plate continue to produce an ongoing <hl> orogenic event <hl> resulting in minor to major earthquakes and volcanic eruptions to this day. In the extreme south a major transform fault separates Tierra del Fuego from the small Scotia Plate. Across the 1,000 km (620 mi) wide Drake Passage lie the mountains of the Antarctic Peninsula south of the Scotia Plate which appear to be a continuation of the Andes chain.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Tectonic forces above the subduction zone along the entire west coast of South America where the Nazca Plate and a part of the Antarctic Plate are sliding beneath the South American Plate continue to produce an ongoing <hl> orogenic event <hl> resulting in minor to major earthquakes and volcanic eruptions to this day.", "paragraph_id": "5d66838d2b22cd4dfcfbe16f"}
{"question": "In the 1820's what was the Five Points neighborhood home to?", "paragraph": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "answer": "gambling dens and brothels", "sentence": "By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels , and was known as a dangerous place to go.", "paragraph_sentence": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. <hl> By the 1820s, the area was home to many gambling dens and brothels , and was known as a dangerous place to go. <hl> In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "paragraph_answer": "Starting in the mid-19th century, the United States became a magnet for immigrants seeking to escape poverty in their home countries. After arriving in New York, many new arrivals ended up living in squalor in the slums of the Five Points neighborhood, an area between Broadway and the Bowery, northeast of New York City Hall. By the 1820s, the area was home to many <hl> gambling dens and brothels <hl>, and was known as a dangerous place to go. In 1842, Charles Dickens visited the area and was appalled at the horrendous living conditions he had seen. The area was so notorious that it even caught the attention of Abraham Lincoln, who visited the area before his Cooper Union speech in 1860. The predominantly Irish Five Points Gang was one of the country's first major organized crime entities.", "sentence_answer": "By the 1820s, the area was home to many <hl> gambling dens and brothels <hl> , and was known as a dangerous place to go.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713be2b22cd4dfcfbee2e"}
{"question": "What is the common way a writer will pluralize an acronym?", "paragraph": "There is a question about how to pluralize acronyms. Often a writer will add an 's' following an apostrophe, as in \"PC's\". However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \"only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters\". Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \"Ph.D.'s\", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\". Also, the American Psychological Association specifically says, \"without an apostrophe\".", "answer": "add an 's' following an apostrophe", "sentence": "will add an 's' following an apostrophe , as in \"PC's\".", "paragraph_sentence": "There is a question about how to pluralize acronyms. Often a writer <hl> will add an 's' following an apostrophe , as in \"PC's\". <hl> However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \"only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters\". Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \"Ph.D.'s\", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\". Also, the American Psychological Association specifically says, \"without an apostrophe\".", "paragraph_answer": "There is a question about how to pluralize acronyms. Often a writer will <hl> add an 's' following an apostrophe <hl>, as in \"PC's\". However, Kate Turabian, writing about style in academic writings, allows for an apostrophe to form plural acronyms \"only when an abbreviation contains internal periods or both capital and lowercase letters\". Turabian would therefore prefer \"DVDs\" and \"URLs\" and \"Ph.D.'s\", while the Modern Language Association explicitly says, \"do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation\". Also, the American Psychological Association specifically says, \"without an apostrophe\".", "sentence_answer": "will <hl> add an 's' following an apostrophe <hl> , as in \"PC's\".", "paragraph_id": "5d65a8042b22cd4dfcfbcac6"}
{"question": "What was a state's star sometimes replaced with", "paragraph": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "answer": "its initial", "sentence": "Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. <hl> Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial . <hl> One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "paragraph_answer": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with <hl> its initial <hl>. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "sentence_answer": "Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with <hl> its initial <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65dde42b22cd4dfcfbcfdc"}
{"question": "Where do micelles and bilayers form in the process known as hydrophobic effect?", "paragraph": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "answer": "in the polar medium", "sentence": "Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect.", "paragraph_sentence": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. <hl> Micelles and bilayers form in the polar medium by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. <hl> When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "paragraph_answer": "A biological membrane is a form of lamellar phase lipid bilayer. The formation of lipid bilayers is an energetically preferred process when the glycerophospholipids described above are in an aqueous environment. This is known as the hydrophobic effect. In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers. Other aggregations are also observed and form part of the polymorphism of amphiphile (lipid) behavior. Phase behavior is an area of study within biophysics and is the subject of current academic research. Micelles and bilayers form <hl> in the polar medium <hl> by a process known as the hydrophobic effect. When dissolving a lipophilic or amphiphilic substance in a polar environment, the polar molecules (i.e., water in an aqueous solution) become more ordered around the dissolved lipophilic substance, since the polar molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds to the lipophilic areas of the amphiphile. So in an aqueous environment, the water molecules form an ordered \"clathrate\" cage around the dissolved lipophilic molecule.", "sentence_answer": "Micelles and bilayers form <hl> in the polar medium <hl> by a process known as the hydrophobic effect.", "paragraph_id": "5d67473d2b22cd4dfcfbf4d0"}
{"question": "In model theory, countability or uncountability of what language cannot be characterized?", "paragraph": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "answer": "first-order", "sentence": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a first-order theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. <hl> One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "paragraph_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a <hl> first-order <hl> theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb. One of the earliest results in model theory, it implies that it is not possible to characterize countability or uncountability in a first-order language. That is, there is no first-order formula \u03c6(x) such that an arbitrary structure M satisfies \u03c6 if and only if the domain of discourse of M is countable (or, in the second case, uncountable).", "sentence_answer": "The L\u00f6wenheim\u2013Skolem theorem shows that if a <hl> first-order <hl> theory of cardinality \u03bb has an infinite model, then it has models of every infinite cardinality greater than or equal to \u03bb.", "paragraph_id": "5d6718d12b22cd4dfcfbef2b"}
{"question": "What book supported Quebec leaving Canada?", "paragraph": "Author and activist Jane Jacobs's influential 1961 book The Death and Life of American Cities criticized large-scale redevelopment projects which were part of government-planned decentralization of population and businesses to suburbs. She believed it destroyed cities' economies and impoverished remaining residents. Her 1980 book The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty supported secession of Quebec from Canada. Her 1984 book Cities and the Wealth of Nations proposed a solution to the various ills plaguing cities whose economies were being ruined by centralized national governments: decentralization through the \"multiplication of sovereignties\", i.e., acceptance of the right of cities to secede from the larger nation states that were squelching their ability to produce wealth.", "answer": "The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty", "sentence": "Her 1980 book The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty supported secession of Quebec from Canada.", "paragraph_sentence": "Author and activist Jane Jacobs's influential 1961 book The Death and Life of American Cities criticized large-scale redevelopment projects which were part of government-planned decentralization of population and businesses to suburbs. She believed it destroyed cities' economies and impoverished remaining residents. <hl> Her 1980 book The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty supported secession of Quebec from Canada. <hl> Her 1984 book Cities and the Wealth of Nations proposed a solution to the various ills plaguing cities whose economies were being ruined by centralized national governments: decentralization through the \"multiplication of sovereignties\", i.e., acceptance of the right of cities to secede from the larger nation states that were squelching their ability to produce wealth.", "paragraph_answer": "Author and activist Jane Jacobs's influential 1961 book The Death and Life of American Cities criticized large-scale redevelopment projects which were part of government-planned decentralization of population and businesses to suburbs. She believed it destroyed cities' economies and impoverished remaining residents. Her 1980 book <hl> The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty <hl> supported secession of Quebec from Canada. Her 1984 book Cities and the Wealth of Nations proposed a solution to the various ills plaguing cities whose economies were being ruined by centralized national governments: decentralization through the \"multiplication of sovereignties\", i.e., acceptance of the right of cities to secede from the larger nation states that were squelching their ability to produce wealth.", "sentence_answer": "Her 1980 book <hl> The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty <hl> supported secession of Quebec from Canada.", "paragraph_id": "5d65df9c2b22cd4dfcfbd05d"}
{"question": "What the Istanbul Stock Exchange originally established as?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is home to Borsa Istanbul, the sole exchange entity of Turkey, which combined the former Istanbul Stock Exchange, the Istanbul Gold Exchange, and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey. The former Istanbul Stock Exchange  was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire, where the Ottoman Stock Exchange was located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's main financial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving their headquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. In 1995, the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul)  moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district. A new central business district is also under construction in Ata\u015fehir and will host the headquarters of various Turkish banks and financial institutions upon completion.", "answer": "Ottoman Stock Exchange", "sentence": "The former Istanbul Stock Exchange  was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is home to Borsa Istanbul, the sole exchange entity of Turkey, which combined the former Istanbul Stock Exchange, the Istanbul Gold Exchange, and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey. <hl> The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. <hl> During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire, where the Ottoman Stock Exchange was located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's main financial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving their headquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. In 1995, the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul) moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district. A new central business district is also under construction in Ata\u015fehir and will host the headquarters of various Turkish banks and financial institutions upon completion.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is home to Borsa Istanbul, the sole exchange entity of Turkey, which combined the former Istanbul Stock Exchange, the Istanbul Gold Exchange, and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey. The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the <hl> Ottoman Stock Exchange <hl> in 1866. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire, where the Ottoman Stock Exchange was located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's main financial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving their headquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. In 1995, the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul) moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district. A new central business district is also under construction in Ata\u015fehir and will host the headquarters of various Turkish banks and financial institutions upon completion.", "sentence_answer": "The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the <hl> Ottoman Stock Exchange <hl> in 1866.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f0cf2b22cd4dfcfbd34a"}
{"question": "What design language was the user interface of Windows 8 designed around?", "paragraph": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "answer": "Microsoft's Metro design language", "sentence": "A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. <hl> A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. <hl> These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around <hl> Microsoft's Metro design language <hl> with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "sentence_answer": "A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around <hl> Microsoft's Metro design language <hl> with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715cc2b22cd4dfcfbeea9"}
{"question": "What threatened the New England society of independent yeoman farmers?", "paragraph": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "answer": "overpopulation", "sentence": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation , going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by overpopulation , going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). <hl> As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by <hl> overpopulation <hl>, going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63). As colonists in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island continued to subdivide their land between farmers, the farms became too small to support single families. This overpopulation threatened the New England ideal of a society of independent yeoman farmers.", "sentence_answer": "By the middle of the 18th century, New England's way of life was threatened by <hl> overpopulation <hl> , going from about 100,000 people in 1700 to 250,000 in 1725 and 375,000 in 1750 thanks to high birth rates and relatively high overall life expectancy (a 15-year-old boy in 1700 could expect to live to about 63).", "paragraph_id": "5d65c1692b22cd4dfcfbcb9b"}
{"question": "Who was the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church?", "paragraph": "Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. Upon his return, Gregory tore down shrines to idols, built churches and monasteries, and ordained many priests and bishops. While meditating in the old capital city of Vagharshapat, Gregory had a vision of Christ's coming to the earth to strike it with a hammer. From the spot rose a great Christian temple with a huge cross. He was convinced that God intended him to build the main Armenian church there. With the king's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. He renamed the city Etchmiadzin, which means \"the place of the descent of the only-begotten\".", "answer": "Gregory", "sentence": "Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tiridates declared Gregory to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. <hl> Upon his return, Gregory tore down shrines to idols, built churches and monasteries, and ordained many priests and bishops. While meditating in the old capital city of Vagharshapat, Gregory had a vision of Christ's coming to the earth to strike it with a hammer. From the spot rose a great Christian temple with a huge cross. He was convinced that God intended him to build the main Armenian church there. With the king's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. He renamed the city Etchmiadzin, which means \"the place of the descent of the only-begotten\".", "paragraph_answer": "Tiridates declared <hl> Gregory <hl> to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated. Upon his return, Gregory tore down shrines to idols, built churches and monasteries, and ordained many priests and bishops. While meditating in the old capital city of Vagharshapat, Gregory had a vision of Christ's coming to the earth to strike it with a hammer. From the spot rose a great Christian temple with a huge cross. He was convinced that God intended him to build the main Armenian church there. With the king's help, he did so, along the lines of his vision. He renamed the city Etchmiadzin, which means \"the place of the descent of the only-begotten\".", "sentence_answer": "Tiridates declared <hl> Gregory <hl> to be the first Catholicos of the Armenian Church and sent him to Caesarea to be consecrated.", "paragraph_id": "5d65884a2b22cd4dfcfbca18"}
{"question": "It's argued that increasing employment costs would decrease what?", "paragraph": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "answer": "hiring", "sentence": "Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring .", "paragraph_sentence": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. <hl> Critics argue raising employment costs deters hiring . <hl> During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Raising the minimum wage would provide households with more money to spend, in an era with record corporate profits and a reluctance of corporations to invest. Critics argue raising employment costs deters <hl> hiring <hl>. During 2009, the minimum wage was $7.25 per hour, or $15,000 per year, below poverty level for some families. The New York Times editorial board wrote in August 2013: \"As measured by the federal minimum wage, currently $7.25 an hour, low-paid work in America is lower paid today than at any time in modern memory. If the minimum wage had kept pace with inflation or average wages over the past nearly 50 years, it would be about $10 an hour; if it had kept pace with the growth in average labor productivity, it would be about $17 an hour.\"", "sentence_answer": "Critics argue raising employment costs deters <hl> hiring <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67af792b22cd4dfcfbffa9"}
{"question": "What are one of the duties of the Provincial Administration?", "paragraph": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "answer": "building and maintenance of schools", "sentence": "The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools , residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. <hl> The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools , residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. <hl> H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "paragraph_answer": "With the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and Istanbul Province having equivalent jurisdictions, few responsibilities remain for the provincial government. Similar to the MMI, the Istanbul Special Provincial Administration has a governor, a democratically elected decision-making body\u2014the Provincial Parliament\u2014and an appointed Executive Committee. Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the <hl> building and maintenance of schools <hl>, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. H\u00fcseyin Avni Mutlu has been Governor of Istanbul Province since May 2010.", "sentence_answer": "The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the <hl> building and maintenance of schools <hl> , residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eaa12b22cd4dfcfbd27f"}
{"question": "Who led independence forces in the war with the French?", "paragraph": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "answer": "Ho Chi Minh", "sentence": "French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam.", "paragraph_sentence": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. <hl> French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. <hl> French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "paragraph_answer": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader <hl> Ho Chi Minh <hl> in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "sentence_answer": "French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader <hl> Ho Chi Minh <hl> in North Vietnam.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b6f32b22cd4dfcfbfffa"}
{"question": "For what reason did the Europeans need slaves?", "paragraph": "The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage, itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to exploit New World land and resources for capital profits. Native peoples were at first utilized as slave labour by Europeans, until a large number died from overwork and Old World diseases. Alternative sources of labour, such as indentured servitude, failed to provide a sufficient workforce.\nMany crops could not be sold for profit, or even grown, in Europe. Exporting crops and goods from the New World to Europe often proved to be more profitable than producing them on the European mainland. A vast amount of labour was needed to create and sustain plantations that required intensive labour to grow, harvest, and process prized tropical crops. Western Africa (part of which became known as \"the Slave Coast\"), and later Central Africa, became the source for enslaved people to meet the demand for labour.", "answer": "exploit New World land and resources", "sentence": "The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage, itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to exploit New World land and resources for capital profits.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage, itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to exploit New World land and resources for capital profits. <hl> Native peoples were at first utilized as slave labour by Europeans, until a large number died from overwork and Old World diseases. Alternative sources of labour, such as indentured servitude, failed to provide a sufficient workforce. Many crops could not be sold for profit, or even grown, in Europe. Exporting crops and goods from the New World to Europe often proved to be more profitable than producing them on the European mainland. A vast amount of labour was needed to create and sustain plantations that required intensive labour to grow, harvest, and process prized tropical crops. Western Africa (part of which became known as \"the Slave Coast\"), and later Central Africa, became the source for enslaved people to meet the demand for labour.", "paragraph_answer": "The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage, itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to <hl> exploit New World land and resources <hl> for capital profits. Native peoples were at first utilized as slave labour by Europeans, until a large number died from overwork and Old World diseases. Alternative sources of labour, such as indentured servitude, failed to provide a sufficient workforce. Many crops could not be sold for profit, or even grown, in Europe. Exporting crops and goods from the New World to Europe often proved to be more profitable than producing them on the European mainland. A vast amount of labour was needed to create and sustain plantations that required intensive labour to grow, harvest, and process prized tropical crops. Western Africa (part of which became known as \"the Slave Coast\"), and later Central Africa, became the source for enslaved people to meet the demand for labour.", "sentence_answer": "The Atlantic Slave Trade was the result of, among other things, labour shortage, itself in turn created by the desire of European colonists to <hl> exploit New World land and resources <hl> for capital profits.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7222b22cd4dfcfbd44e"}
{"question": "In what year did the USA finalize the Louisiana Purchase?", "paragraph": "In 1763, Louisiana around New Orleans and west of the Mississippi River was ceded to Spain. In the 1780s, the newly independent United States, whose western border stretched to the Mississippi River, reached an agreement with Spain for navigation rights on the river and was content to let the \"feeble\" colonial power stay in control of the area. The situation changed when Napoleon forced Spain to return Louisiana to France in 1802 and threatened to close the river to American vessels. Alarmed, the United States offered to buy New Orleans. Needing funds to wage another war with Great Britain and doubting that France could defend such a huge and distant territory, Napoleon instead offered to sell all of Louisiana for $15 million. The United States completed the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, doubling the size of the nation.", "answer": "1803", "sentence": "The United States completed the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 , doubling the size of the nation.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1763, Louisiana around New Orleans and west of the Mississippi River was ceded to Spain. In the 1780s, the newly independent United States, whose western border stretched to the Mississippi River, reached an agreement with Spain for navigation rights on the river and was content to let the \"feeble\" colonial power stay in control of the area. The situation changed when Napoleon forced Spain to return Louisiana to France in 1802 and threatened to close the river to American vessels. Alarmed, the United States offered to buy New Orleans. Needing funds to wage another war with Great Britain and doubting that France could defend such a huge and distant territory, Napoleon instead offered to sell all of Louisiana for $15 million. <hl> The United States completed the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 , doubling the size of the nation. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 1763, Louisiana around New Orleans and west of the Mississippi River was ceded to Spain. In the 1780s, the newly independent United States, whose western border stretched to the Mississippi River, reached an agreement with Spain for navigation rights on the river and was content to let the \"feeble\" colonial power stay in control of the area. The situation changed when Napoleon forced Spain to return Louisiana to France in 1802 and threatened to close the river to American vessels. Alarmed, the United States offered to buy New Orleans. Needing funds to wage another war with Great Britain and doubting that France could defend such a huge and distant territory, Napoleon instead offered to sell all of Louisiana for $15 million. The United States completed the Louisiana Purchase in <hl> 1803 <hl>, doubling the size of the nation.", "sentence_answer": "The United States completed the Louisiana Purchase in <hl> 1803 <hl> , doubling the size of the nation.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e4f62b22cd4dfcfbd180"}
{"question": "What was the highest number of slaves that could be found on an individual ship?", "paragraph": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5%. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "answer": "600", "sentence": "The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship.", "paragraph_sentence": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5%. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. <hl> The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to 600 slaves on one ship. <hl> Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "paragraph_answer": "After being captured and held in the factories, slaves entered the infamous Middle Passage. Meltzer's research puts this phase of the slave trade's overall mortality at 12.5%. Their deaths were the result of brutal treatment and poor care from the time of their capture and throughout their voyage. Around 2.2 million Africans died during these voyages where they were packed into tight, unsanitary spaces on ships for months at a time. Measures were taken to stem the onboard mortality rate, such as enforced \"dancing\" (as exercise) above deck and the practice of force-feeding enslaved persons who tried to starve themselves. The conditions on board also resulted in the spread of fatal diseases. Other fatalities were suicides, slaves who escaped by jumping overboard. The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to <hl> 600 <hl> slaves on one ship. Before the African slave trade was completely banned by participating nations in 1853, 15.3 million enslaved people had arrived in the Americas.", "sentence_answer": "The slave traders would try to fit anywhere from 350 to <hl> 600 <hl> slaves on one ship.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8cf2b22cd4dfcfbcef0"}
{"question": "What revolution led to the annexation of Armenia?", "paragraph": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities.  There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "answer": "the Bolshevik revolution", "sentence": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. <hl> After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities. There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "paragraph_answer": "Due to <hl> the Bolshevik revolution <hl> and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities. There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "sentence_answer": "Due to <hl> the Bolshevik revolution <hl> and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot.", "paragraph_id": "5d657d2e2b22cd4dfcfbc999"}
{"question": "Who is one of the novelists connected with postmodern literature?", "paragraph": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody. Samuel Beckett is sometimes seen as an important precursor and influence. Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov, William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "answer": "Vladimir Nabokov", "sentence": "Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov , William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "paragraph_sentence": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody. Samuel Beckett is sometimes seen as an important precursor and influence. <hl> Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include Vladimir Nabokov , William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Jorge Luis Borges's (1939) short story Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote, is often considered as predicting postmodernism and conceiving the ideal of the ultimate parody. Samuel Beckett is sometimes seen as an important precursor and influence. Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include <hl> Vladimir Nabokov <hl>, William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "sentence_answer": "Novelists who are commonly connected with postmodern literature include <hl> Vladimir Nabokov <hl> , William Gaddis, Umberto Eco, John Hawkes, William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Jean Rhys, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Richard Kalich, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon (Pynchon's work has also been described as \"high modern\"), Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega, Jachym Topol and Paul Auster.", "paragraph_id": "5d67750b2b22cd4dfcfbfc8d"}
{"question": "In which century did Christianity was brought by missionaries to Manipur?", "paragraph": "Christianity is the religion of 41.2% of the people in the state. It was brought by missionaries to Manipur in the 19th century. Christianity brought a marked change towards the civilization of the hill people.[citation needed] In the 20th century, a few Christian schools were established, which introduced Western-type education. Respected schools in Manipur are Little Flower School in Imphal, Don Bosco High School in Imphal, St. Joseph's Convent, and Nirmalabas High School, which are all run by Catholic priests and nuns. The overwhelming majority of the population in the Hill districts are Christian.", "answer": "in the 19th century", "sentence": "It was brought by missionaries to Manipur in the 19th century .", "paragraph_sentence": "Christianity is the religion of 41.2% of the people in the state. <hl> It was brought by missionaries to Manipur in the 19th century . <hl> Christianity brought a marked change towards the civilization of the hill people.[citation needed] In the 20th century, a few Christian schools were established, which introduced Western-type education. Respected schools in Manipur are Little Flower School in Imphal, Don Bosco High School in Imphal, St. Joseph's Convent, and Nirmalabas High School, which are all run by Catholic priests and nuns. The overwhelming majority of the population in the Hill districts are Christian.", "paragraph_answer": "Christianity is the religion of 41.2% of the people in the state. It was brought by missionaries to Manipur <hl> in the 19th century <hl>. Christianity brought a marked change towards the civilization of the hill people.[citation needed] In the 20th century, a few Christian schools were established, which introduced Western-type education. Respected schools in Manipur are Little Flower School in Imphal, Don Bosco High School in Imphal, St. Joseph's Convent, and Nirmalabas High School, which are all run by Catholic priests and nuns. The overwhelming majority of the population in the Hill districts are Christian.", "sentence_answer": "It was brought by missionaries to Manipur <hl> in the 19th century <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6834c82b22cd4dfcfc066b"}
{"question": "How many stories was the Petionville school?", "paragraph": "The history of structural engineering contains many collapses and failures.  Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. The final collapse killed 94 people, mostly children.", "answer": "three", "sentence": " Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three -story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing.", "paragraph_sentence": "The history of structural engineering contains many collapses and failures. <hl> Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the three -story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. <hl> The final collapse killed 94 people, mostly children.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of structural engineering contains many collapses and failures. Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the <hl> three <hl>-story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing. The final collapse killed 94 people, mostly children.", "sentence_answer": " Sometimes this is due to obvious negligence, as in the case of the P\u00e9tionville school collapse, in which Rev. Fortin Augustin \"constructed the building all by himself, saying he didn't need an engineer as he had good knowledge of construction\" following a partial collapse of the <hl> three <hl> -story schoolhouse that sent neighbors fleeing.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754972b22cd4dfcfbf72b"}
{"question": "What book was commonly used for the creation of secular objects in lower relief?", "paragraph": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament, secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "answer": "the New Testament", "sentence": "As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament , secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "paragraph_sentence": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. <hl> As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from the New Testament , secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Carved ivory reliefs have been used since ancient times, and because the material, though expensive, cannot usually be reused, they have a relatively high survival rate, and for example consular diptychs represent a large proportion of the survivals of portable secular art from Late Antiquity. In the Gothic period the carving of ivory reliefs became a considerable luxury industry in Paris and other centres. As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from <hl> the New Testament <hl>, secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "sentence_answer": "As well as small diptychs and triptychs with densely packed religious scenes, usually from <hl> the New Testament <hl> , secular objects, usually in a lower relief, were also produced.", "paragraph_id": "5d68220b2b22cd4dfcfc05f6"}
{"question": "What act did the Conservative gov't cite in their decision concerning the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers commission?", "paragraph": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "answer": "Fair Trading Act", "sentence": "Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral.", "paragraph_sentence": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981. <hl> Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. <hl> The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "paragraph_answer": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the <hl> Fair Trading Act <hl> that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "sentence_answer": "Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the <hl> Fair Trading Act <hl> that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral.", "paragraph_id": "5d6716df2b22cd4dfcfbeee9"}
{"question": "When was the unemployment rate projected to be 8.8%", "paragraph": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During August 2012, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "answer": "August 2012", "sentence": "During August 2012 , it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. <hl> During August 2012 , it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. <hl> CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "The Congressional Budget Office provides an unemployment rate forecast in its long term budget outlook. During <hl> August 2012 <hl>, it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014. CBO projected the rate would then begin falling steadily to 5.5% by 2018 and remain around that level through 2022. This forecast assumes annual real GDP growth will exceed 3% between 2014 and 2018. During December 2012, Wells Fargo Economics forecast that the unemployment rate would be 7.8% in 2013 and 7.6% in 2014. This forecast assumes real GDP growth would be 1.4% in 2013 and 2.5% in 2014.", "sentence_answer": "During <hl> August 2012 <hl> , it projected that the unemployment rate would be 8.8% in 2013 and 8.7% in 2014.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4862b22cd4dfcfbe76a"}
{"question": "What was the allied support called?", "paragraph": "With Allied air support (Operation Flotsam) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "answer": "Operation Flotsam", "sentence": "With Allied air support ( Operation Flotsam )", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With Allied air support ( Operation Flotsam ) <hl> and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "With Allied air support (<hl> Operation Flotsam <hl>) and assistance from the Red Army, in the second half of 1944 the Partisans turned their attention to Serbia, which had seen relatively little fighting since the fall of the Republic of U\u017eice in 1941. On 20 October, the Red Army and the Partisans liberated Belgrade in a joint operation known as the Belgrade Offensive. At the onset of winter, the Partisans effectively controlled the entire eastern half of Yugoslavia \u2013 Serbia, Vardar Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as the Dalmatian coast.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "With Allied air support ( <hl> Operation Flotsam <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d680e802b22cd4dfcfc0546"}
{"question": "When was the earliest known painting of the flag created", "paragraph": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "answer": "1792", "sentence": "Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. <hl> Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be <hl> 1792 <hl> in a painting by John Trumbull.", "sentence_answer": "Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be <hl> 1792 <hl> in a painting by John Trumbull.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dde42b22cd4dfcfbcfda"}
{"question": "What African nation was exceptional in it's lack of control over its coast?", "paragraph": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"  Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "answer": "Angola,", "sentence": "With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. <hl> With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" <hl> Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "paragraph_answer": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled <hl> Angola, <hl> coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "sentence_answer": "With the exception of Portuguese controlled <hl> Angola, <hl> coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66b8722b22cd4dfcfbe44a"}
{"question": "How does Columbia University believe increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society will happen?", "paragraph": "Decentralization is often linked to concepts of participation in decision-making, democracy, equality and liberty from higher authority.  Decentralization enhances the democratic voice. Theorists believe that local representative authorities with actual discretionary powers are the basis of decentralization that can lead to local efficiency, equity and development.\u201d Columbia University's Earth Institute identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships.\"", "answer": "with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships", "sentence": "Columbia University's Earth Institute identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships .\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Decentralization is often linked to concepts of participation in decision-making, democracy, equality and liberty from higher authority. Decentralization enhances the democratic voice. Theorists believe that local representative authorities with actual discretionary powers are the basis of decentralization that can lead to local efficiency, equity and development.\u201d <hl> Columbia University's Earth Institute identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships .\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization is often linked to concepts of participation in decision-making, democracy, equality and liberty from higher authority. Decentralization enhances the democratic voice. Theorists believe that local representative authorities with actual discretionary powers are the basis of decentralization that can lead to local efficiency, equity and development.\u201d Columbia University's Earth Institute identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, <hl> with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships <hl>.\"", "sentence_answer": "Columbia University's Earth Institute identified one of three major trends relating to decentralization as: \"increased involvement of local jurisdictions and civil society in the management of their affairs, <hl> with new forms of participation, consultation, and partnerships <hl> .\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6607462b22cd4dfcfbd616"}
{"question": "Why was the Column of Constantine built?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "answer": "to mark the new Roman capital", "sentence": "The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital , stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. <hl> The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital , stands not far from the Hippodrome. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE <hl> to mark the new Roman capital <hl>, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "sentence_answer": "The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE <hl> to mark the new Roman capital <hl> , stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dfab2b22cd4dfcfbd072"}
{"question": "Is myocardial perfusion imaging necessary?", "paragraph": "Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms.", "answer": "not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms", "sentence": "Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is <hl> not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Additionally echocardiography, myocardial perfusion imaging, and cardiac stress testing is <hl> not recommended in those at low risk who do not have symptoms <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6611c52b22cd4dfcfbd7a3"}
{"question": "Who disagrees with the lease to Guantanamo Bay?", "paragraph": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "answer": "The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro", "sentence": "The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. <hl> The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. <hl> The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "paragraph_answer": "Cuba and the Philippines are two additional former unincorporated territories that are now independent countries. The United States Navy has held the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in a portion of Guant\u00e1namo Bay, Cuba, since 1898. The United States government possesses a lease to this land, which only mutual agreement or United States abandonment of the area can terminate. <hl> The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro <hl> disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing. The United States argues this point is irrelevant because Cuba apparently ratified the lease post-revolution, and with full sovereignty, when it cashed one rent check in accordance with the disputed treaty.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The present Cuban government of Ra\u00fal Castro <hl> disputes this arrangement, claiming Cuba was not truly sovereign at the time of the signing.", "paragraph_id": "5d6773922b22cd4dfcfbfc4a"}
{"question": "Who painted the earliest known example of the flag", "paragraph": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull.", "answer": "John Trumbull", "sentence": "Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. <hl> Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by John Trumbull . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Flag Resolution did not specify any particular arrangement, number of points, nor orientation for the stars and the arrangement or whether the flag had to have seven red stripes and six white ones or vice versa. The appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows and some replaced a state's star with its initial. One arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle (as opposed to up), the so-called Betsy Ross flag. This flag, however, is more likely a flag used for celebrations of anniversaries of the nation's birthday. Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by <hl> John Trumbull <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Experts have dated the earliest known example of this flag to be 1792 in a painting by <hl> John Trumbull <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65dde42b22cd4dfcfbcfd9"}
{"question": "What are two types of suspensions?", "paragraph": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.  The main forms of precipitation include  drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail.  Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\".  Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.  Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud.  Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "answer": "fog and mist", "sentence": " Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.", "paragraph_sentence": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". <hl> Thus, fog and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. <hl> Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "paragraph_answer": "In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and \"precipitates\". Thus, <hl> fog and mist <hl> are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called \"showers.\"", "sentence_answer": " Thus, <hl> fog and mist <hl> are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b7c32b22cd4dfcfc0018"}
{"question": "How many rules did England's field hockey organization have?", "paragraph": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "answer": "twelve", "sentence": "In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. <hl> In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's twelve rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. <hl> The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1876, the first game played in Montreal was reportedly \"conducted under the 'Hockey Association' rules\"; the Hockey Association was England's field hockey organization. In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's <hl> twelve <hl> rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled. The McGill University Hockey Club, the first ice hockey club, was founded in 1877 (followed by the Montreal Victorias, organized in 1881). In 1880, the number of players per side was reduced from nine to seven.", "sentence_answer": "In 1877, The Gazette (Montreal) published a list of seven rules, six of which were largely based on six of the Hockey Association's <hl> twelve <hl> rules, with only minor differences (even the word \"ball\" was kept); the one added rule explained how disputes should be settled.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e2532b22cd4dfcfbd0e3"}
{"question": "In what city was the first insurance company in the US founded?", "paragraph": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1735.  In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation.  Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "answer": "Charleston", "sentence": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston , South Carolina, in 1735.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charleston , South Carolina, in 1735. <hl> In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation. Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in <hl> Charleston <hl>, South Carolina, in 1735. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin helped form a mutual insurance company called the Philadelphia Contributionship, which is the nation's oldest insurance carrier still in operation. Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in <hl> Charleston <hl> , South Carolina, in 1735.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ecbe2b22cd4dfcfbd2c9"}
{"question": "Is total fat intake an important risk factor?", "paragraph": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "answer": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor", "sentence": "Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor . <hl> A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor <hl>. A diet high in trans fatty acids, however, does appear to increase rates of cardiovascular disease. Worldwide, dietary guidelines recommend a reduction in saturated fat. However, there are some questions around the effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease in the medical literature. Reviews from 2014 and 2015 did not find evidence of harm from saturated fats. A 2012 Cochrane review found suggestive evidence of a small benefit from replacing dietary saturated fat by unsaturated fat. A 2013 meta analysis concludes that substitution with omega 6 linoleic acid (a type of unsaturated fat) may increase cardiovascular risk. Replacement of saturated fats with carbohydrates does not change or may increase risk. Benefits from replacement with polyunsaturated fat appears greatest; however, supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids (a type of polysaturated fat) does not appear to have an effect.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Total fat intake does not appear to be an important risk factor <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c14e2b22cd4dfcfbcb86"}
{"question": "Kidnapped Africans brought into Jamestown, Virginia were not initially considered slaves but what?", "paragraph": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "answer": "indentured servants", "sentence": "These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years.", "paragraph_sentence": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. <hl> These first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years. <hl> Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "paragraph_answer": "The 17th century saw an increase in shipments, with Africans arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619. These first kidnapped Africans were classed as <hl> indentured servants <hl> and freed after seven years. Chattel slavery was codified in Virginia law in 1656, and in 1662, the colony adopted the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, by which children of slave mothers were slaves, regardless of paternity. Irish immigrants took slaves to Montserrat in 1651, and in 1655, slaves were shipped to Belize.", "sentence_answer": "These first kidnapped Africans were classed as <hl> indentured servants <hl> and freed after seven years.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667292b22cd4dfcfbddfb"}
{"question": "What part of the U. S. Work force was unemployed during the Great Depression?", "paragraph": "During the 1940s, the U.S Department of Labor, specifically the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), began collecting employment information via monthly household surveys. Other data series are available back to 1912. The unemployment rate has varied from as low as 1% during World War I to as high as 25% during the Great Depression. More recently, it reached peaks of 10.8% in November 1982 and 10.0% in October 2009. Unemployment tends to rise during recessions and fall during expansions. From 1948-2015, unemployment averaged about 5.8%.  There is always some unemployment, with persons changing jobs and new entrants to the labor force searching for jobs. This is referred to as frictional unemployment. For this reason, the Federal Reserve targets the natural rate of unemployment or NAIRU, which was around 5% in 2015.  A rate of unemployment below this level would be consistent with rising inflation in theory, as a shortage of workers would bid wages (and thus prices) upward.", "answer": "25%", "sentence": "The unemployment rate has varied from as low as 1% during World War I to as high as 25% during the Great Depression.", "paragraph_sentence": "During the 1940s, the U.S Department of Labor, specifically the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), began collecting employment information via monthly household surveys. Other data series are available back to 1912. <hl> The unemployment rate has varied from as low as 1% during World War I to as high as 25% during the Great Depression. <hl> More recently, it reached peaks of 10.8% in November 1982 and 10.0% in October 2009. Unemployment tends to rise during recessions and fall during expansions. From 1948-2015, unemployment averaged about 5.8%. There is always some unemployment, with persons changing jobs and new entrants to the labor force searching for jobs. This is referred to as frictional unemployment. For this reason, the Federal Reserve targets the natural rate of unemployment or NAIRU, which was around 5% in 2015. A rate of unemployment below this level would be consistent with rising inflation in theory, as a shortage of workers would bid wages (and thus prices) upward.", "paragraph_answer": "During the 1940s, the U.S Department of Labor, specifically the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), began collecting employment information via monthly household surveys. Other data series are available back to 1912. The unemployment rate has varied from as low as 1% during World War I to as high as <hl> 25% <hl> during the Great Depression. More recently, it reached peaks of 10.8% in November 1982 and 10.0% in October 2009. Unemployment tends to rise during recessions and fall during expansions. From 1948-2015, unemployment averaged about 5.8%. There is always some unemployment, with persons changing jobs and new entrants to the labor force searching for jobs. This is referred to as frictional unemployment. For this reason, the Federal Reserve targets the natural rate of unemployment or NAIRU, which was around 5% in 2015. A rate of unemployment below this level would be consistent with rising inflation in theory, as a shortage of workers would bid wages (and thus prices) upward.", "sentence_answer": "The unemployment rate has varied from as low as 1% during World War I to as high as <hl> 25% <hl> during the Great Depression.", "paragraph_id": "5d670a0a2b22cd4dfcfbeba0"}
{"question": "How much water falls each year?", "paragraph": "Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres (28.1 in). Climate classification systems such as the K\u00f6ppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes.", "answer": "Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi)", "sentence": "Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land.", "paragraph_sentence": "Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. <hl> Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. <hl> Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres (28.1 in). Climate classification systems such as the K\u00f6ppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes.", "paragraph_answer": "Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, and is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. <hl> Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) <hl> of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in), but over land it is only 715 millimetres (28.1 in). Climate classification systems such as the K\u00f6ppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi) <hl> of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans and 107,000 cubic kilometres (26,000 cu mi) over land.", "paragraph_id": "5d6773a42b22cd4dfcfbfc53"}
{"question": "what kind of models were used in the late 1990s with QPFs to simulate impact to rivers?", "paragraph": "The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area.  A QPF will be specified when a measurable precipitation type reaching a minimum threshold is forecast for any hour during a QPF valid period.  Precipitation forecasts tend to be bound by synoptic hours such as 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT.  Terrain is considered in QPFs by use of topography or based upon climatological precipitation patterns from observations with fine detail. Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. Forecast models show significant sensitivity to humidity levels within the planetary boundary layer, or in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, which decreases with height.  QPF can be generated on a quantitative, forecasting amounts, or a qualitative, forecasting the probability of a specific amount, basis.  Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image.  The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates, or a combination of both.  Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast.", "answer": "hydrologic forecast models", "sentence": "Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area. A QPF will be specified when a measurable precipitation type reaching a minimum threshold is forecast for any hour during a QPF valid period. Precipitation forecasts tend to be bound by synoptic hours such as 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT. Terrain is considered in QPFs by use of topography or based upon climatological precipitation patterns from observations with fine detail. <hl> Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within hydrologic forecast models to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. <hl> Forecast models show significant sensitivity to humidity levels within the planetary boundary layer, or in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, which decreases with height. QPF can be generated on a quantitative, forecasting amounts, or a qualitative, forecasting the probability of a specific amount, basis. Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image. The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates, or a combination of both. Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast.", "paragraph_answer": "The Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (abbreviated QPF) is the expected amount of liquid precipitation accumulated over a specified time period over a specified area. A QPF will be specified when a measurable precipitation type reaching a minimum threshold is forecast for any hour during a QPF valid period. Precipitation forecasts tend to be bound by synoptic hours such as 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 GMT. Terrain is considered in QPFs by use of topography or based upon climatological precipitation patterns from observations with fine detail. Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within <hl> hydrologic forecast models <hl> to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States. Forecast models show significant sensitivity to humidity levels within the planetary boundary layer, or in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, which decreases with height. QPF can be generated on a quantitative, forecasting amounts, or a qualitative, forecasting the probability of a specific amount, basis. Radar imagery forecasting techniques show higher skill than model forecasts within six to seven hours of the time of the radar image. The forecasts can be verified through use of rain gauge measurements, weather radar estimates, or a combination of both. Various skill scores can be determined to measure the value of the rainfall forecast.", "sentence_answer": "Starting in the mid to late 1990s, QPFs were used within <hl> hydrologic forecast models <hl> to simulate impact to rivers throughout the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d671d072b22cd4dfcfbefb3"}
{"question": "What was the cause of the crisis regarding Australia's constitution?", "paragraph": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "answer": "The ability to block supply", "sentence": "The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The ability to block supply was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. <hl> The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The ability to block supply <hl> was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Opposition used its numbers in the Senate to defer supply bills, refusing to deal with them until an election was called for both Houses of Parliament, an election which it hoped to win. The Prime Minister of the day, Gough Whitlam, contested the legitimacy of the blocking and refused to resign. The crisis brought to a head two Westminster conventions that, under the Australian constitutional system, were in conflict \u2013 firstly, that a government may continue to govern for as long as it has the support of the lower house, and secondly, that a government that no longer has access to supply must either resign or be dismissed. The crisis was resolved in November 1975 when Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismissed Whitlam's government and appointed a caretaker government on condition that elections for both houses of parliament be held. This action in itself was a source of controversy and debate continues on the proper usage of the Senate's ability to block supply and on whether such a power should even exist.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The ability to block supply <hl> was the origin of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d5e02b22cd4dfcfbce71"}
{"question": "What was built in the area where the Polo Grounds were located?", "paragraph": "Today, Manhattan is the only borough in New York City that does not have a professional baseball franchise. The Bronx has the Yankees (American League) and Queens has the Mets (National League) of Major League Baseball. The Minor League Baseball Brooklyn Cyclones play in Brooklyn, while the Staten Island Yankees play in Staten Island. Yet three of the four major league teams to play in New York City played in Manhattan. The New York Giants played in the various incarnations of the Polo Grounds at 155th Street and Eighth Avenue from their inception in 1883\u2014except for 1889, when they split their time between Jersey City and Staten Island, and when they played in Hilltop Park in 1911\u2014until they headed west with the Brooklyn Dodgers after the 1957 season. The New York Yankees began their franchise as the Highlanders, named for Hilltop Park, where they played from their creation in 1903 until 1912. The team moved to the Polo Grounds with the 1913 season, where they were officially christened the New York Yankees, remaining there until they moved across the Harlem River in 1923 to Yankee Stadium. The New York Mets played in the Polo Grounds in 1962 and 1963, their first two seasons, before Shea Stadium was completed in 1964. After the Mets departed, the Polo Grounds was demolished in April 1964, replaced by public housing.", "answer": "public housing", "sentence": "After the Mets departed, the Polo Grounds was demolished in April 1964, replaced by public housing .", "paragraph_sentence": "Today, Manhattan is the only borough in New York City that does not have a professional baseball franchise. The Bronx has the Yankees (American League) and Queens has the Mets (National League) of Major League Baseball. The Minor League Baseball Brooklyn Cyclones play in Brooklyn, while the Staten Island Yankees play in Staten Island. Yet three of the four major league teams to play in New York City played in Manhattan. The New York Giants played in the various incarnations of the Polo Grounds at 155th Street and Eighth Avenue from their inception in 1883\u2014except for 1889, when they split their time between Jersey City and Staten Island, and when they played in Hilltop Park in 1911\u2014until they headed west with the Brooklyn Dodgers after the 1957 season. The New York Yankees began their franchise as the Highlanders, named for Hilltop Park, where they played from their creation in 1903 until 1912. The team moved to the Polo Grounds with the 1913 season, where they were officially christened the New York Yankees, remaining there until they moved across the Harlem River in 1923 to Yankee Stadium. The New York Mets played in the Polo Grounds in 1962 and 1963, their first two seasons, before Shea Stadium was completed in 1964. <hl> After the Mets departed, the Polo Grounds was demolished in April 1964, replaced by public housing . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Today, Manhattan is the only borough in New York City that does not have a professional baseball franchise. The Bronx has the Yankees (American League) and Queens has the Mets (National League) of Major League Baseball. The Minor League Baseball Brooklyn Cyclones play in Brooklyn, while the Staten Island Yankees play in Staten Island. Yet three of the four major league teams to play in New York City played in Manhattan. The New York Giants played in the various incarnations of the Polo Grounds at 155th Street and Eighth Avenue from their inception in 1883\u2014except for 1889, when they split their time between Jersey City and Staten Island, and when they played in Hilltop Park in 1911\u2014until they headed west with the Brooklyn Dodgers after the 1957 season. The New York Yankees began their franchise as the Highlanders, named for Hilltop Park, where they played from their creation in 1903 until 1912. The team moved to the Polo Grounds with the 1913 season, where they were officially christened the New York Yankees, remaining there until they moved across the Harlem River in 1923 to Yankee Stadium. The New York Mets played in the Polo Grounds in 1962 and 1963, their first two seasons, before Shea Stadium was completed in 1964. After the Mets departed, the Polo Grounds was demolished in April 1964, replaced by <hl> public housing <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "After the Mets departed, the Polo Grounds was demolished in April 1964, replaced by <hl> public housing <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d671ca52b22cd4dfcfbef9e"}
{"question": "Where is it customary to have two surnames?", "paragraph": "In most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "answer": "In most Spanish-speaking countries", "sentence": "In most Spanish-speaking countries , the custom is for people to have two surnames.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In most Spanish-speaking countries , the custom is for people to have two surnames. <hl> For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> In most Spanish-speaking countries <hl>, the custom is for people to have two surnames. For instance, Spanish ex-premier Jos\u00e9 Luis Rodr\u00edguez Zapatero has Jos\u00e9 Luis as his given name, Rodr\u00edguez, as his first (i.e. paternal) surname, and Zapatero as his second (i.e. maternal) surname.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> In most Spanish-speaking countries <hl> , the custom is for people to have two surnames.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a7362b22cd4dfcfbff26"}
{"question": "In which mentioned year did the Soviets first make a significant change to their foreign policy?", "paragraph": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "answer": "1933", "sentence": "The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler.", "paragraph_sentence": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. <hl> The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in 1933 resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. <hl> The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "paragraph_answer": "Foreign policy in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 resulted in substantial changes in the Soviet Union's approach to its foreign policy. The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in <hl> 1933 <hl> resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler. The Soviet Union promoted various anti-fascist fronts across Europe and created agreements with France to challenge Germany. With the Suddeten agreement in 1938, Soviet foreign policy reversed, with Stalin abandoning anti-German policies and adopting pro-German policies. In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany agreed to both a non-aggression pact and an agreement to invade and partition Poland between them, resulting in the invasion of Poland in September 1939 by Germany and the Soviet Union and the beginning of World War II, with the Allies declaring war on Germany.", "sentence_answer": "The rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in <hl> 1933 <hl> resulted in the Soviet Union initially terminating the political connections it previously had established with Germany in the 1920s and Stalin turned to accommodate Czechoslovakia and the West against Hitler.", "paragraph_id": "5d6723662b22cd4dfcfbf046"}
{"question": "What are the largest glaciers?", "paragraph": "Though precipitation increases with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 m towering highest mountains of the Andes. This dry steppe climate is considered to be typical of the subtropical position at 32-34\u00b0 S. The valley bottoms have no woods, just dwarf scrub. The largest glaciers, as e.g. the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers do not even reach 10 km in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness. At glacial times, however, c. 20 000 years ago, the glaciers were over ten times longer. On the east side of this section of the Mendozina Andes they flowed down to 2060 m and on the west side to c. 1220 m asl. The massifs of Cerro Aconcagua (6,961 m), Cerro Tupungato (6,550 m) and Nevado Juncal (6,110 m) are tens of kilometres away from each other and were connected by a joint ice stream network. The Andes' dendritic glacier arms, i.e. components of valley glaciers, were up to 112.5 km long, over 1020, i.e. 1250 m thick and overspanned a vertical distance of 5150 altitude metres. The climatic glacier snowline (ELA) was lowered from currently 4600 m to 3200 m at glacial times.", "answer": "the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers", "sentence": "the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers do not even reach 10 km in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though precipitation increases with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 m towering highest mountains of the Andes. This dry steppe climate is considered to be typical of the subtropical position at 32-34\u00b0 S. The valley bottoms have no woods, just dwarf scrub. The largest glaciers, as e.g. <hl> the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers do not even reach 10 km in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness. <hl> At glacial times, however, c. 20 000 years ago, the glaciers were over ten times longer. On the east side of this section of the Mendozina Andes they flowed down to 2060 m and on the west side to c. 1220 m asl. The massifs of Cerro Aconcagua (6,961 m), Cerro Tupungato (6,550 m) and Nevado Juncal (6,110 m) are tens of kilometres away from each other and were connected by a joint ice stream network. The Andes' dendritic glacier arms, i.e. components of valley glaciers, were up to 112.5 km long, over 1020, i.e. 1250 m thick and overspanned a vertical distance of 5150 altitude metres. The climatic glacier snowline (ELA) was lowered from currently 4600 m to 3200 m at glacial times.", "paragraph_answer": "Though precipitation increases with the height, there are semiarid conditions in the nearly 7000 m towering highest mountains of the Andes. This dry steppe climate is considered to be typical of the subtropical position at 32-34\u00b0 S. The valley bottoms have no woods, just dwarf scrub. The largest glaciers, as e.g. <hl> the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers <hl> do not even reach 10 km in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness. At glacial times, however, c. 20 000 years ago, the glaciers were over ten times longer. On the east side of this section of the Mendozina Andes they flowed down to 2060 m and on the west side to c. 1220 m asl. The massifs of Cerro Aconcagua (6,961 m), Cerro Tupungato (6,550 m) and Nevado Juncal (6,110 m) are tens of kilometres away from each other and were connected by a joint ice stream network. The Andes' dendritic glacier arms, i.e. components of valley glaciers, were up to 112.5 km long, over 1020, i.e. 1250 m thick and overspanned a vertical distance of 5150 altitude metres. The climatic glacier snowline (ELA) was lowered from currently 4600 m to 3200 m at glacial times.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> the Plomo glacier and the Horcones glaciers <hl> do not even reach 10 km in length and have an only insignificant ice thickness.", "paragraph_id": "5d6583a22b22cd4dfcfbc9d3"}
{"question": "What is the name of a large organization in the United States that focuses on promoting neuroscience education?", "paragraph": "In addition to conducting traditional research in laboratory settings, neuroscientists have also been involved in the promotion of awareness and knowledge about the nervous system among the general public and government officials. Such promotions have been done by both individual neuroscientists and large organizations. For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee, which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University.", "answer": "Society for Neuroscience", "sentence": "In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research.", "paragraph_sentence": "In addition to conducting traditional research in laboratory settings, neuroscientists have also been involved in the promotion of awareness and knowledge about the nervous system among the general public and government officials. Such promotions have been done by both individual neuroscientists and large organizations. For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee, which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. <hl> In the United States, large organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. <hl> In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University.", "paragraph_answer": "In addition to conducting traditional research in laboratory settings, neuroscientists have also been involved in the promotion of awareness and knowledge about the nervous system among the general public and government officials. Such promotions have been done by both individual neuroscientists and large organizations. For example, individual neuroscientists have promoted neuroscience education among young students by organizing the International Brain Bee, which is an academic competition for high school or secondary school students worldwide. In the United States, large organizations such as the <hl> Society for Neuroscience <hl> have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research. In Canada, the CIHR Canadian National Brain Bee is held annually at McMaster University.", "sentence_answer": "In the United States, large organizations such as the <hl> Society for Neuroscience <hl> have promoted neuroscience education by developing a primer called Brain Facts, collaborating with public school teachers to develop Neuroscience Core Concepts for K-12 teachers and students, and cosponsoring a campaign with the Dana Foundation called Brain Awareness Week to increase public awareness about the progress and benefits of brain research.", "paragraph_id": "5d6731e22b22cd4dfcfbf23e"}
{"question": "Who founded a colony based on policies of religious freedom and freehold ownership?", "paragraph": "Unlike New England, the Mid-Atlantic Region gained much of its population from new immigration, and by 1750, the combined populations of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania had reached nearly 300,000 people. By 1750, about 60,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans came to live in British North America, many of them settling in the Mid-Atlantic Region. William Penn, the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership. (\"Freehold\" meant owning land free and clear, with the right to resell it to anyone.) The first major influx of settlers were the Scotch Irish, who headed to the frontier. Many Germans came to escape the religious conflicts and declining economic opportunities in Germany and Switzerland.", "answer": "William Penn", "sentence": "William Penn , the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike New England, the Mid-Atlantic Region gained much of its population from new immigration, and by 1750, the combined populations of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania had reached nearly 300,000 people. By 1750, about 60,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans came to live in British North America, many of them settling in the Mid-Atlantic Region. <hl> William Penn , the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership. <hl> (\"Freehold\" meant owning land free and clear, with the right to resell it to anyone.) The first major influx of settlers were the Scotch Irish, who headed to the frontier. Many Germans came to escape the religious conflicts and declining economic opportunities in Germany and Switzerland.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike New England, the Mid-Atlantic Region gained much of its population from new immigration, and by 1750, the combined populations of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania had reached nearly 300,000 people. By 1750, about 60,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans came to live in British North America, many of them settling in the Mid-Atlantic Region. <hl> William Penn <hl>, the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership. (\"Freehold\" meant owning land free and clear, with the right to resell it to anyone.) The first major influx of settlers were the Scotch Irish, who headed to the frontier. Many Germans came to escape the religious conflicts and declining economic opportunities in Germany and Switzerland.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> William Penn <hl> , the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of British Quakers with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership.", "paragraph_id": "5d6681332b22cd4dfcfbe0ff"}
{"question": "What the rule of inference enables ?", "paragraph": "A deduction in a Hilbert-style deductive system is a list of formulas, each of which is a logical axiom, a hypothesis that has been assumed for the derivation at hand, or follows from previous formulas via a rule of inference. The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "answer": "The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers.", "sentence": "The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms.", "paragraph_sentence": "A deduction in a Hilbert-style deductive system is a list of formulas, each of which is a logical axiom, a hypothesis that has been assumed for the derivation at hand, or follows from previous formulas via a rule of inference. The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. <hl> The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. <hl> It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "paragraph_answer": "A deduction in a Hilbert-style deductive system is a list of formulas, each of which is a logical axiom, a hypothesis that has been assumed for the derivation at hand, or follows from previous formulas via a rule of inference. The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. <hl> The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. <hl> Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. <hl> Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609f52b22cd4dfcfbd693"}
{"question": "Categorical axiom systems are possible to be acquired using stronger logics such as what?", "paragraph": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. \nPeano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. \nNo first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe  a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic.", "answer": "second-order logic", "sentence": "Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic .", "paragraph_sentence": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. <hl> Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as second-order logic . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo\u2013Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations of number theory and set theory, respectively, into first-order logic. No first-order theory, however, has the strength to uniquely describe a structure with an infinite domain, such as the natural numbers or the real line. Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as <hl> second-order logic <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Axioms systems that do fully describe these two structures (that is, categorical axiom systems) can be obtained in stronger logics such as <hl> second-order logic <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66b0212b22cd4dfcfbe3e7"}
{"question": "When do medical students learn the specialty they wish to pursue?", "paragraph": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology.  The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "answer": "final year", "sentence": "The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school.", "paragraph_sentence": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology. The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. <hl> The seventh, final year serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. <hl> This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "paragraph_answer": "After the bachelor courses, students are allowed to enter the 'master in medicine' courses, which consist of three years of theoretical and clinical study. In general, the first two master years are very theoretical and teach the students human pathology, diseases and pharmacology. The third year is a year full of internships in a wide range of specialities in different clinics. The seventh, <hl> final year <hl> serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school. This contrasts with the Dutch approach, in which graduates are literally 'basic doctors' (basisartsen) who have yet to decide on a specialty.", "sentence_answer": "The seventh, <hl> final year <hl> serves as a kind of 'pre-specialization' year in which the students are specifically trained in the specialty they wish to pursue after medical school.", "paragraph_id": "5d66941e2b22cd4dfcfbe2f3"}
{"question": "when was naval forces of resistance ?", "paragraph": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "answer": "1942", "sentence": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942 , when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September 1942 , when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. <hl> This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September <hl> 1942 <hl>, when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations. This event is considered to be the foundation of the Yugoslav Navy. At its peak during World War II, the Yugoslav Partisans' Navy commanded 9 or 10 armed ships, 30 patrol boats, close to 200 support ships, six coastal batteries, and several Partisan detachments on the islands, around 3,000 men.[citation needed] On 26 October 1943, it was organized first into four, and later into six, Maritime Coastal Sectors (Pomorsko Obalni Sektor, POS). The task of the naval forces was to secure supremacy at sea, organize defense of coast and islands, and attack enemy sea traffic and forces on the islands and along the coasts.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "Naval forces of the resistance were formed as early as 19 September <hl> 1942 <hl> , when Partisans in Dalmatia formed their first naval unit made of fishing boats, which gradually evolved into a force able to engage the Italian Navy and Kriegsmarine and conduct complex amphibious operations.", "paragraph_id": "5d680da02b22cd4dfcfc0534"}
{"question": "Where was the wooden Sawat saxophone made?", "paragraph": "Other materials have been tried with varying degrees of success, such as the 1950s Grafton plastic alto saxophone and its recent successor, the polycarbonate saxophone, VibratoSax. There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale. Recent years have seen use higher copper alloys substituted for the \"yellow brass\" or \"cartridge brass\" that are most common, for visual and tonal effect.  Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design.  Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein.  Yanagisawa and other manufacturers, starting with the King Super 20 around 1950, have made saxophone necks, bells, or entire instruments from sterling silver. Keilwerth and P. Mauriat have made saxes with a nickel silver body. Opinions vary on the significance of body materials to sound.  With the exception of the identical brass and phosphor bronze Yanagisawa models, opportunities to isolate body materials from other variables in design and construction are lacking.", "answer": "Thailand", "sentence": "There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other materials have been tried with varying degrees of success, such as the 1950s Grafton plastic alto saxophone and its recent successor, the polycarbonate saxophone, VibratoSax. <hl> There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in Thailand on a small scale. <hl> Recent years have seen use higher copper alloys substituted for the \"yellow brass\" or \"cartridge brass\" that are most common, for visual and tonal effect. Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design. Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein. Yanagisawa and other manufacturers, starting with the King Super 20 around 1950, have made saxophone necks, bells, or entire instruments from sterling silver. Keilwerth and P. Mauriat have made saxes with a nickel silver body. Opinions vary on the significance of body materials to sound. With the exception of the identical brass and phosphor bronze Yanagisawa models, opportunities to isolate body materials from other variables in design and construction are lacking.", "paragraph_answer": "Other materials have been tried with varying degrees of success, such as the 1950s Grafton plastic alto saxophone and its recent successor, the polycarbonate saxophone, VibratoSax. There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in <hl> Thailand <hl> on a small scale. Recent years have seen use higher copper alloys substituted for the \"yellow brass\" or \"cartridge brass\" that are most common, for visual and tonal effect. Yanagisawa's 902 and 992 series saxophones are made with phosphor bronze, which is claimed to offer slightly different, more \"vintage\" tonal qualities from the brass 901 and 991 models of identical design. Other saxophones made of high copper alloys are sold under the brands Chateau, Kessler, Saxgourmet, and Bauhaus Walstein. Yanagisawa and other manufacturers, starting with the King Super 20 around 1950, have made saxophone necks, bells, or entire instruments from sterling silver. Keilwerth and P. Mauriat have made saxes with a nickel silver body. Opinions vary on the significance of body materials to sound. With the exception of the identical brass and phosphor bronze Yanagisawa models, opportunities to isolate body materials from other variables in design and construction are lacking.", "sentence_answer": "There is also the wooden Sawat saxophone created in <hl> Thailand <hl> on a small scale.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8622b22cd4dfcfc003f"}
{"question": "Latin words include what in addition to objective semantic elements?", "paragraph": "Latin is a synthetic, fusional language, in the terminology of linguistic typology. In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language, although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\". Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word. This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very compact sentence elements. For example, am\u014d, \"I love,\" is produced from a semantic element, ama-, \"love,\" to which -\u014d, a first person singular marker, is suffixed.", "answer": "markers specifying the grammatical use of the word", "sentence": "Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word .", "paragraph_sentence": "Latin is a synthetic, fusional language, in the terminology of linguistic typology. In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language, although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\". <hl> Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also markers specifying the grammatical use of the word . <hl> This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very compact sentence elements. For example, am\u014d, \"I love,\" is produced from a semantic element, ama-, \"love,\" to which -\u014d, a first person singular marker, is suffixed.", "paragraph_answer": "Latin is a synthetic, fusional language, in the terminology of linguistic typology. In more traditional terminology, it is an inflected language, although the typologists are apt to say \"inflecting\". Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also <hl> markers specifying the grammatical use of the word <hl>. This fusion of root meaning and markers produces very compact sentence elements. For example, am\u014d, \"I love,\" is produced from a semantic element, ama-, \"love,\" to which -\u014d, a first person singular marker, is suffixed.", "sentence_answer": "Thus words include an objective semantic element, and also <hl> markers specifying the grammatical use of the word <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f3422b22cd4dfcfbd3a1"}
{"question": "In 2015, by how much did Connectitcut's population decrease?", "paragraph": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791, or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222 births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 41,718 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "answer": "5,791", "sentence": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791 , or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of 5,791 , or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. <hl> This includes a natural increase since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222 births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 41,718 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "paragraph_answer": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of <hl> 5,791 <hl>, or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 67,427 people (that is 222,222 births minus 154,795 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 41,718 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 75,991 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 34,273 people. Based on the 2005 estimates, Connecticut moves from the 29th most populous state to 30th.", "sentence_answer": "As of 2015, Connecticut had an estimated population of 3,590,886, which is an decrease of <hl> 5,791 <hl> , or -0.16%, from the prior year and an increase of 16,789, or 0.47%, since the year 2010.", "paragraph_id": "5d66188b2b22cd4dfcfbd860"}
{"question": "In what year did New York City unite  with 3 adjacent counties to form the City of Greater New York?", "paragraph": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "answer": "1898", "sentence": "In 1898 , when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. <hl> In 1898 , when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. <hl> On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In <hl> 1898 <hl>, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1898 <hl> , when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ddfb2b22cd4dfcfc0340"}
{"question": "What designations are represented by some townships?", "paragraph": "Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations. Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System. For more information, see survey township and civil township.", "answer": "geographic", "sentence": "Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply geographic designations. <hl> Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System. For more information, see survey township and civil township.", "paragraph_answer": "Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply <hl> geographic <hl> designations. Townships in the United States are generally the product of the Public Land Survey System. For more information, see survey township and civil township.", "sentence_answer": "Some townships have governments and political power, others are simply <hl> geographic <hl> designations.", "paragraph_id": "5d67554d2b22cd4dfcfbf75c"}
{"question": "Which University is introducing the new degree of MedScD?", "paragraph": "At some other universities (especially older institutions, such as Oxford, Dublin, Cambridge and St Andrews), the MD is a higher doctorate (similar to a DSc) awarded upon submission of a portfolio of published work representing a substantial contribution to medical research. The University of Cambridge is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree.", "answer": "University of Cambridge", "sentence": "The University of Cambridge is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree.", "paragraph_sentence": "At some other universities (especially older institutions, such as Oxford, Dublin, Cambridge and St Andrews), the MD is a higher doctorate (similar to a DSc) awarded upon submission of a portfolio of published work representing a substantial contribution to medical research. <hl> The University of Cambridge is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At some other universities (especially older institutions, such as Oxford, Dublin, Cambridge and St Andrews), the MD is a higher doctorate (similar to a DSc) awarded upon submission of a portfolio of published work representing a substantial contribution to medical research. The <hl> University of Cambridge <hl> is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> University of Cambridge <hl> is proposing to introduce a new degree of MedScD (more akin to the ScD degree) awarded on the basis of a career's contribution to the science or art of medicine, rather than a thesis, for which a candidate may be awarded the MD degree.", "paragraph_id": "5d66378a2b22cd4dfcfbdb02"}
{"question": "Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland and McGill were the first schools to grant which degrees?", "paragraph": "The initial medical schools that granted the (Doctor of Medicine) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "answer": "Doctor of Medicine", "sentence": "The initial medical schools that granted the ( Doctor of Medicine ) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The initial medical schools that granted the ( Doctor of Medicine ) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. <hl> These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "paragraph_answer": "The initial medical schools that granted the (<hl> Doctor of Medicine <hl>) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill. These first few North American medical schools that were established were (for the most part) founded by physicians and surgeons who had been trained in England and Scotland. University medical education in England culminated with the MB qualification, and in Scotland the MD, until in the mid-19th century the public bodies who regulated medical practice at the time required practitioners in Scotland as well as England to hold the dual Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degrees (MB BS/MBChB/MB BChir/BM BCh etc.). North American medical schools switched to the tradition of the ancient universities of Scotland and began granting the MD title rather than the MB beginning in the late 18th century. The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (which at the time was referred to as King's College of Medicine) was the first American university to grant the MD degree instead of the MB.", "sentence_answer": "The initial medical schools that granted the ( <hl> Doctor of Medicine <hl> ) degrees were Columbia, Penn, Harvard, Maryland, and McGill.", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb742b22cd4dfcfbd28e"}
{"question": "What is the most frequent English name and an occupational surname", "paragraph": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "answer": "Smith", "sentence": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith , which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname Smith , which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. <hl> Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "paragraph_answer": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname <hl> Smith <hl>, which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others. Several American surnames are a result of corruptions or phonetic misappropriations of European surnames, perhaps as a result of the registration process at the immigration entry points. Spellings and pronunciations of names remained fluid in the United States until the Social Security System enforced standardization.", "sentence_answer": "In the United States, 1,712 surnames cover 50% of the population, and about 1% of the population has the surname <hl> Smith <hl> , which is also the most frequent English name and an occupational name (\"metal worker\"), a contraction, for instance, of blacksmith or iron smith, among others.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725962b22cd4dfcfbf0ad"}
{"question": "Ohalo II is near what sea?", "paragraph": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "answer": "Sea of Galilee", "sentence": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee , dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the Sea of Galilee , dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. <hl> Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "paragraph_answer": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the <hl> Sea of Galilee <hl>, dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption. Tell Aswad is oldest site of agriculture with domesticated emmer wheat dated by Willem van Zeist and his assistant Johanna Bakker-Heeres to 8800 BC. Soon after came hulled, two-row barley found domesticated earliest at Jericho in the Jordan valley and Iraq ed-Dubb in Jordan. Other sites in the Levantine corridor that show the first evidence of agriculture include Wadi Faynan 16 and Netiv Hagdud. Jacques Cauvin noted that the settlers of Aswad did not domesticate on site, but \"arrived, perhaps from the neighbouring Anti-Lebanon, already equipped with the seed for planting\". The Heavy Neolithic Qaraoun culture has been identified at around fifty sites in Lebanon around the source springs of the River Jordan, however the dating of the culture has never been reliably determined.", "sentence_answer": "Finds of large quantities of seeds and a grinding stone at the paleolithic site of Ohalo II in the vicinity of the <hl> Sea of Galilee <hl> , dated to around 19,400 BP has shown some of the earliest evidence for advanced planning of plant food consumption and suggests that humans at Ohalo II processed the grain before consumption.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0d42b22cd4dfcfbe685"}
{"question": "In what year were two African American Republicans elected to the U.S. House of Representatives?", "paragraph": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "answer": "2010", "sentence": "In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. <hl> In the 2010 elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. <hl> The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2012, 88% of Romney voters were white, while 56% of Obama voters were white. While historically the party had been supporters of rights for African Americans since the 1860s, it lost its leadership position in the 1960s.[citation needed] Republicans have been winning under 15% of the black vote in recent national elections (1980 to 2012). The party has recently nominated African American candidates for senator or governor in Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Maryland, though none were successful. In the <hl> 2010 <hl> elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The Republican Party abolished slavery under Abraham Lincoln, defeated the Slave Power, and gave blacks the vote during Reconstruction in the late 1860s. Until the New Deal of the 1930s, blacks supported the Republican Party by large margins. Most black voters switched to the Democratic Party in the 1930s when the New Deal offered them employment opportunities, and major figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt, began to support civil rights. They became one of the core components of the New Deal Coalition. In the South, blacks were able to vote again in large numbers after 1965, when a bipartisan coalition passed the Voting Rights Act, and ever since have formed a significant portion (20\u201350%) of the Democratic vote in that region.", "sentence_answer": "In the <hl> 2010 <hl> elections, two African American Republicans were elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715672b22cd4dfcfbee82"}
{"question": "Another facet of securing the border in regard to illegal immigration is what?", "paragraph": "Republicans are divided on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and deporting illegal immigrants (supported by populists). In 2006, the White House supported and Republican-led Senate passed comprehensive immigration reform that would eventually allow millions of illegal immigrants to become citizens, but the House, also led by Republicans, did not advance the bill.", "answer": "deporting illegal immigrants", "sentence": "Republicans are divided on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and deporting illegal immigrants (supported by populists).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Republicans are divided on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and deporting illegal immigrants (supported by populists). <hl> In 2006, the White House supported and Republican-led Senate passed comprehensive immigration reform that would eventually allow millions of illegal immigrants to become citizens, but the House, also led by Republicans, did not advance the bill.", "paragraph_answer": "Republicans are divided on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and <hl> deporting illegal immigrants <hl> (supported by populists). In 2006, the White House supported and Republican-led Senate passed comprehensive immigration reform that would eventually allow millions of illegal immigrants to become citizens, but the House, also led by Republicans, did not advance the bill.", "sentence_answer": "Republicans are divided on how to confront illegal immigration between a platform that allows for migrant workers and a path to citizenship (supported by establishment types), versus a position focused on securing the border and <hl> deporting illegal immigrants <hl> (supported by populists).", "paragraph_id": "5d67453c2b22cd4dfcfbf496"}
{"question": "What area does this method reduce the work in while allowing for normal relief?", "paragraph": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing the background, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "answer": "the background", "sentence": "This method minimizes the work removing the background , while allowing normal relief modelling.", "paragraph_sentence": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. <hl> This method minimizes the work removing the background , while allowing normal relief modelling. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Sunk or sunken relief is largely restricted to the art of Ancient Egypt where it is very common, becoming after the Amarna period of Ahkenaten the dominant type used, as opposed to low relief. It had been used earlier, but mainly for large reliefs on external walls, and for hieroglyphs and cartouches. The image is made by cutting the relief sculpture itself into a flat surface. In a simpler form the images are usually mostly linear in nature, like hieroglyphs, but in most cases the figure itself is in low relief, but set within a sunken area shaped round the image, so that the relief never rises beyond the original flat surface. In some cases the figures and other elements are in a very low relief that does not rise to the original surface, but others are modeled more fully, with some areas rising to the original surface. This method minimizes the work removing <hl> the background <hl>, while allowing normal relief modelling.", "sentence_answer": "This method minimizes the work removing <hl> the background <hl> , while allowing normal relief modelling.", "paragraph_id": "5d681f002b22cd4dfcfc05ca"}
{"question": "What would be the preferred style of name should Eva Duarte and Juan Domingo Peron marry?", "paragraph": "When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was Eva Per\u00f3n, or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva).", "answer": "Eva Per\u00f3n", "sentence": "When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was Eva Per\u00f3n , or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was Eva Per\u00f3n , or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva). <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was <hl> Eva Per\u00f3n <hl>, or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva).", "sentence_answer": "When Eva Duarte married Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, she could be addressed as Eva Duarte de Per\u00f3n, but the preferred style was <hl> Eva Per\u00f3n <hl> , or the familiar and affectionate Evita (little Eva).", "paragraph_id": "5d67be6b2b22cd4dfcfc0133"}
{"question": "Where was the first collegiate hockey match in the United States held?", "paragraph": "In the United States, \"ice polo\", played with a ball rather than a puck, was popular during this period; however, by 1893 Yale University and Johns Hopkins University held their first ice hockey matches.  American financier Malcolm Greene Chace is credited with being the father of hockey in the United States. In 1892, as an amateur tennis player, Chace visited Niagara Falls, New York for a tennis match, where he met some Canadian hockey players. Soon afterwards, Chace put together a team of men from Yale, Brown, and Harvard, and toured across Canada as captain of this team. The first collegiate hockey match in the United States was played between Yale University and Johns Hopkins in Baltimore. Yale, led by captain Chace, beat Hopkins 2-1. In 1896, the first ice hockey league in the U.S. was formed. The U.S. Amateur Hockey League was founded in New York City, shortly after the opening of the artificial-ice St. Nicholas Rink.", "answer": "Baltimore", "sentence": "The first collegiate hockey match in the United States was played between Yale University and Johns Hopkins in Baltimore .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the United States, \"ice polo\", played with a ball rather than a puck, was popular during this period; however, by 1893 Yale University and Johns Hopkins University held their first ice hockey matches. American financier Malcolm Greene Chace is credited with being the father of hockey in the United States. In 1892, as an amateur tennis player, Chace visited Niagara Falls, New York for a tennis match, where he met some Canadian hockey players. Soon afterwards, Chace put together a team of men from Yale, Brown, and Harvard, and toured across Canada as captain of this team. <hl> The first collegiate hockey match in the United States was played between Yale University and Johns Hopkins in Baltimore . <hl> Yale, led by captain Chace, beat Hopkins 2-1. In 1896, the first ice hockey league in the U.S. was formed. The U.S. Amateur Hockey League was founded in New York City, shortly after the opening of the artificial-ice St. Nicholas Rink.", "paragraph_answer": "In the United States, \"ice polo\", played with a ball rather than a puck, was popular during this period; however, by 1893 Yale University and Johns Hopkins University held their first ice hockey matches. American financier Malcolm Greene Chace is credited with being the father of hockey in the United States. In 1892, as an amateur tennis player, Chace visited Niagara Falls, New York for a tennis match, where he met some Canadian hockey players. Soon afterwards, Chace put together a team of men from Yale, Brown, and Harvard, and toured across Canada as captain of this team. The first collegiate hockey match in the United States was played between Yale University and Johns Hopkins in <hl> Baltimore <hl>. Yale, led by captain Chace, beat Hopkins 2-1. In 1896, the first ice hockey league in the U.S. was formed. The U.S. Amateur Hockey League was founded in New York City, shortly after the opening of the artificial-ice St. Nicholas Rink.", "sentence_answer": "The first collegiate hockey match in the United States was played between Yale University and Johns Hopkins in <hl> Baltimore <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6664e92b22cd4dfcfbdda7"}
{"question": "What companies have their Dutch headquarters located in Rotterdam?", "paragraph": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever, asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture.\nIt is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer, logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon.", "answer": "Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon", "sentence": "Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon .", "paragraph_sentence": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever, asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture. It is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer, logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. <hl> Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Nowadays, well-known companies with headquarters in Rotterdam are consumers goods company Unilever, asset management firm Robeco, energy company Eneco, dredging company Van Oord, oil company Shell Downstream, terminal operator Vopak,commodity trading company Vitol and architecture firm Office for Metropolitan Architecture. It is also home to the regional headquarters of chemical company LyondellBasell, commodities trading company Glencore, pharmaceutical company Pfizer, logistics companies Stolt-Nielsen, electrical equipment company ABB Group and consumer goods company Procter & Gamble. Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of <hl> Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Furthermore, Rotterdam has the Dutch headquarters of <hl> Allianz, Maersk, Petrobras, Samskip, Louis Dreyfus Group and Aon <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67b7392b22cd4dfcfc000e"}
{"question": "What type of precipitation evaporates before reaching the ground?", "paragraph": "A concept used in precipitation measurement is the hydrometeor.  Bits of liquid or solid water in the atmosphere are known as hydrometeors.  Formations due to condensation, such as clouds, haze, fog, and mist, are composed of hydrometeors.  All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including virga, which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground.  Particles blown from the Earth's surface by wind, such as blowing snow and blowing sea spray, are also hydrometeors.", "answer": "virga", "sentence": " All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including virga , which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground.", "paragraph_sentence": "A concept used in precipitation measurement is the hydrometeor. Bits of liquid or solid water in the atmosphere are known as hydrometeors. Formations due to condensation, such as clouds, haze, fog, and mist, are composed of hydrometeors. <hl> All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including virga , which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground. <hl> Particles blown from the Earth's surface by wind, such as blowing snow and blowing sea spray, are also hydrometeors.", "paragraph_answer": "A concept used in precipitation measurement is the hydrometeor. Bits of liquid or solid water in the atmosphere are known as hydrometeors. Formations due to condensation, such as clouds, haze, fog, and mist, are composed of hydrometeors. All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including <hl> virga <hl>, which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground. Particles blown from the Earth's surface by wind, such as blowing snow and blowing sea spray, are also hydrometeors.", "sentence_answer": " All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including <hl> virga <hl> , which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground.", "paragraph_id": "5d67525b2b22cd4dfcfbf6e7"}
{"question": "What is the value of X in the function f(x) = 1/x?", "paragraph": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations.  For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line.  The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "answer": "x = 0", "sentence": " For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0 , since division by zero is not defined.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations. <hl> For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0 , since division by zero is not defined. <hl> Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "paragraph_answer": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations. For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for <hl> x = 0 <hl>, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "sentence_answer": " For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for <hl> x = 0 <hl> , since division by zero is not defined.", "paragraph_id": "5d66c5a42b22cd4dfcfbe4a2"}
{"question": "What year did the New York Knicks start playing?", "paragraph": "The first national college-level basketball championship, the National Invitation Tournament, was held in New York in 1938 and remains in the city. The New York Knicks started play in 1946 as one of the National Basketball Association's original teams, playing their first home games at the 69th Regiment Armory, before making Madison Square Garden their permanent home. The New York Liberty of the WNBA have shared the Garden with the Knicks since their creation in 1997 as one of the league's original eight teams. Rucker Park in Harlem is a playground court, famed for its streetball style of play, where many NBA athletes have played in the summer league.", "answer": "1946", "sentence": "The New York Knicks started play in 1946 as one of the National Basketball Association's original teams, playing their first home games at the 69th Regiment Armory, before making Madison Square Garden their permanent home.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first national college-level basketball championship, the National Invitation Tournament, was held in New York in 1938 and remains in the city. <hl> The New York Knicks started play in 1946 as one of the National Basketball Association's original teams, playing their first home games at the 69th Regiment Armory, before making Madison Square Garden their permanent home. <hl> The New York Liberty of the WNBA have shared the Garden with the Knicks since their creation in 1997 as one of the league's original eight teams. Rucker Park in Harlem is a playground court, famed for its streetball style of play, where many NBA athletes have played in the summer league.", "paragraph_answer": "The first national college-level basketball championship, the National Invitation Tournament, was held in New York in 1938 and remains in the city. The New York Knicks started play in <hl> 1946 <hl> as one of the National Basketball Association's original teams, playing their first home games at the 69th Regiment Armory, before making Madison Square Garden their permanent home. The New York Liberty of the WNBA have shared the Garden with the Knicks since their creation in 1997 as one of the league's original eight teams. Rucker Park in Harlem is a playground court, famed for its streetball style of play, where many NBA athletes have played in the summer league.", "sentence_answer": "The New York Knicks started play in <hl> 1946 <hl> as one of the National Basketball Association's original teams, playing their first home games at the 69th Regiment Armory, before making Madison Square Garden their permanent home.", "paragraph_id": "5d671ee42b22cd4dfcfbefd9"}
{"question": "What vitamins are classified as ubiquinones?", "paragraph": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. Vitamin E and vitamin K, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "answer": "Vitamin E and vitamin K", "sentence": "Vitamin E and vitamin K , as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class.", "paragraph_sentence": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. <hl> Vitamin E and vitamin K , as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. <hl> Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "paragraph_answer": "Prenol lipids are synthesized from the five-carbon-unit precursors isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate that are produced mainly via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. The simple isoprenoids (linear alcohols, diphosphates, etc.) are formed by the successive addition of C5 units, and are classified according to number of these terpene units. Structures containing greater than 40 carbons are known as polyterpenes. Carotenoids are important simple isoprenoids that function as antioxidants and as precursors of vitamin A. Another biologically important class of molecules is exemplified by the quinones and hydroquinones, which contain an isoprenoid tail attached to a quinonoid core of non-isoprenoid origin. <hl> Vitamin E and vitamin K <hl>, as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class. Prokaryotes synthesize polyprenols (called bactoprenols) in which the terminal isoprenoid unit attached to oxygen remains unsaturated, whereas in animal polyprenols (dolichols) the terminal isoprenoid is reduced.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Vitamin E and vitamin K <hl> , as well as the ubiquinones, are examples of this class.", "paragraph_id": "5d67512a2b22cd4dfcfbf6ba"}
{"question": "Which European country carried the greatest amount of slaves across the Atlantic?", "paragraph": "The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. Rodney states that changes in productivity, technology and patterns of exchange in Europe and the Americas informed the decision by the British to end their participation in the trade in 1807. In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "answer": "Britain", "sentence": "The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- Britain being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. <hl> Rodney states that changes in productivity, technology and patterns of exchange in Europe and the Americas informed the decision by the British to end their participation in the trade in 1807. In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- <hl> Britain <hl> being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic. Rodney states that changes in productivity, technology and patterns of exchange in Europe and the Americas informed the decision by the British to end their participation in the trade in 1807. In 1809 President James Madison outlawed the slave trade with the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The historian Walter Rodney contends that it was a decline in the profitability of the triangular trades that made it possible for certain basic human sentiments to be asserted at the decision-making level in a number of European countries- <hl> Britain <hl> being the most crucial because it was the greatest carrier of African captives across the Atlantic.", "paragraph_id": "5d65fb2f2b22cd4dfcfbd4c0"}
{"question": "Where is Kerala located?", "paragraph": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "answer": "South India", "sentence": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of <hl> South India <hl> that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "sentence_answer": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of <hl> South India <hl> that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4382b22cd4dfcfbe756"}
{"question": "What is the foundation of analytic geometry?", "paragraph": "Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. A familiar example is the concept of the graph of a function. Cartesian coordinates are also essential tools for most applied disciplines that deal with geometry, including astronomy, physics, engineering and many more. They are the most common coordinate system used in computer graphics, computer-aided geometric design and other geometry-related data processing.", "answer": "Cartesian coordinates", "sentence": "Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. <hl> A familiar example is the concept of the graph of a function. Cartesian coordinates are also essential tools for most applied disciplines that deal with geometry, including astronomy, physics, engineering and many more. They are the most common coordinate system used in computer graphics, computer-aided geometric design and other geometry-related data processing.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates <hl> are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more. A familiar example is the concept of the graph of a function. Cartesian coordinates are also essential tools for most applied disciplines that deal with geometry, including astronomy, physics, engineering and many more. They are the most common coordinate system used in computer graphics, computer-aided geometric design and other geometry-related data processing.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Cartesian coordinates <hl> are the foundation of analytic geometry, and provide enlightening geometric interpretations for many other branches of mathematics, such as linear algebra, complex analysis, differential geometry, multivariate calculus, group theory and more.", "paragraph_id": "5d661c0f2b22cd4dfcfbd902"}
{"question": "In what year was Francis Hopkinson appointed to the position of Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department?", "paragraph": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"Quarter Cask of the Public Wine\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "answer": "1776", "sentence": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November 1776 and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. <hl> The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"Quarter Cask of the Public Wine\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "paragraph_answer": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November <hl> 1776 <hl> and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777. The Navy Board was under the Continental Marine Committee. Not only did Hopkinson claim that he designed the U.S. flag, but he also claimed that he designed a flag for the U.S. Navy. Hopkinson was the only person to have made such a claim during his own lifetime, when he sent a letter and several bills to Congress for his work. These claims are documented in the Journals of the Continental Congress and George Hasting's biography of Hopkinson. Hopkinson initially wrote a letter to Congress, via the Continental Board of Admiralty. In this letter, he asked for a \"Quarter Cask of the Public Wine\" as payment for designing the U.S. flag, the seal for the Admiralty Board, the seal for the Treasury Board, Continental currency, the Great Seal of the United States, and other devices. However, in three subsequent bills to Congress, Hopkinson asked to be paid in cash, but he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the \"great Naval Flag of the United States\" in the first bill; the \"Naval Flag of the United States\" in the second bill; and \"the Naval Flag of the States\" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By contrast, Hopkinson's flag for the United States had seven white stripes, and six red ones \u2013 in reality, six red stripes laid on a white background. Hopkinson's sketches have not been found, but we can make these conclusions because Hopkinson incorporated different stripe arrangements in the Admiralty (naval) Seal that he designed in the Spring of 1780 and the Great Seal of the United States that he proposed at the same time. His Admiralty Seal had seven red stripes; whereas, his second U.S. Seal proposal had seven white ones. Hopkinson's flag for the Navy is the one that the Nation preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore, a letter from the War Board to George Washington on May 10, 1779, documents that there was still no design established for a national flag for the Army's use in battle.", "sentence_answer": "Francis Hopkinson of New Jersey, a naval flag designer, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence, designed the 1777 flag while he was the Chairman of the Continental Navy Board's Middle Department, sometime between his appointment to that position in November <hl> 1776 <hl> and the time that the flag resolution was adopted in June 1777.", "paragraph_id": "5d6663ef2b22cd4dfcfbdd83"}
{"question": "What kind of movement is initiated from the individuals or localities?", "paragraph": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"bottom-up\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt.  Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "answer": "bottom-up", "sentence": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\" bottom-up \"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_sentence": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. <hl> They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\" bottom-up \"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. <hl> Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "paragraph_answer": "The processes by which entities move from a more to a less centralized state vary. They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\"<hl> bottom-up <hl>\"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together. Bottom-up decentralization usually stresses political values like local responsiveness and increased participation and tends to increase political stability. Top-down decentralization may be motivated by the desire to \u201cshift deficits downwards\u201d and find more resources to pay for services or pay off government debt. Some hold that decentralization should not be imposed, but done in a respectful manner.", "sentence_answer": "They can be initiated from the centers of authority (\"top-down\") or from individuals, localities or regions (\" <hl> bottom-up <hl> \"), or from a \"mutually desired\" combination of authorities and localities working together.", "paragraph_id": "5d66561f2b22cd4dfcfbdc3f"}
{"question": "Where is Naugatuck located?", "paragraph": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "answer": "Connecticut", "sentence": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. <hl> The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Connecticut <hl> shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Connecticut <hl> shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e73a2b22cd4dfcfbd20a"}
{"question": "When did Lenin try to influence communist revolution?", "paragraph": "Lenin attempted and failed to bring about communist revolution in Russia in the Russian Revolution of 1905\u20137. During the revolution, Lenin advocated mass action and that the revolution \"accept mass terror in its tactics\". During the revolution Lenin advocated militancy and violence of workers as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar. Bolshevik emigres briefly poured into Russia to take part in the revolution. Prior and after the failed revolution, the Bolshevik leadership voluntarily resided in exile to evade Tsarist Russia's secret police, such as Lenin who resided in Switzerland. Most importantly, the experience of this revolution caused Lenin to conceive of the means of sponsoring communist revolution, through propaganda, agitation, a well-organised and disciplined but small political party, and through manipulation of aroused masses.", "answer": "1905\u20137", "sentence": "Lenin attempted and failed to bring about communist revolution in Russia in the Russian Revolution of 1905\u20137 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Lenin attempted and failed to bring about communist revolution in Russia in the Russian Revolution of 1905\u20137 . <hl> During the revolution, Lenin advocated mass action and that the revolution \"accept mass terror in its tactics\". During the revolution Lenin advocated militancy and violence of workers as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar. Bolshevik emigres briefly poured into Russia to take part in the revolution. Prior and after the failed revolution, the Bolshevik leadership voluntarily resided in exile to evade Tsarist Russia's secret police, such as Lenin who resided in Switzerland. Most importantly, the experience of this revolution caused Lenin to conceive of the means of sponsoring communist revolution, through propaganda, agitation, a well-organised and disciplined but small political party, and through manipulation of aroused masses.", "paragraph_answer": "Lenin attempted and failed to bring about communist revolution in Russia in the Russian Revolution of <hl> 1905\u20137 <hl>. During the revolution, Lenin advocated mass action and that the revolution \"accept mass terror in its tactics\". During the revolution Lenin advocated militancy and violence of workers as a means to pressure the middle class to join and overthrow the Tsar. Bolshevik emigres briefly poured into Russia to take part in the revolution. Prior and after the failed revolution, the Bolshevik leadership voluntarily resided in exile to evade Tsarist Russia's secret police, such as Lenin who resided in Switzerland. Most importantly, the experience of this revolution caused Lenin to conceive of the means of sponsoring communist revolution, through propaganda, agitation, a well-organised and disciplined but small political party, and through manipulation of aroused masses.", "sentence_answer": "Lenin attempted and failed to bring about communist revolution in Russia in the Russian Revolution of <hl> 1905\u20137 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670a322b22cd4dfcfbeba8"}
{"question": "What was the name of the group working to preserve the Yugoslav monarchy?", "paragraph": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "answer": "Chetniks", "sentence": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the Chetniks , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. <hl> Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "paragraph_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the <hl> Chetniks <hl>, were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian. Relations between the two movements were uneasy from the start, but from October 1941 they degenerated into full-scale conflict. To the Chetniks, Tito's pan-ethnic policies seemed anti-Serbian, whereas the Chetniks' royalism was anathema to the communists. In the early part of the war Partisan forces were predominantly composed of Serbs and given to the persecution of Muslims (e.g. the slaughter of Muslim women and children in April 1942 in Herzegovina). In that period names of Muslim and Croat commanders of Partisan forces had to be changed to protect them from their predominantly Serb colleagues.", "sentence_answer": "The objectives of the rival resistance movement which emerged some weeks earlier, the <hl> Chetniks <hl> , were the retention of the Yugoslav monarchy, ensuring the safety of ethnic Serbian populations, and the establishment of a Greater Serbia through the ethnic cleansing of non-Serbs from territories they considered rightfully and historically Serbian.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f8e62b22cd4dfcfc04a2"}
{"question": "For what type of measurement are hydrometeors relevant?", "paragraph": "A concept used in precipitation measurement is the hydrometeor.  Bits of liquid or solid water in the atmosphere are known as hydrometeors.  Formations due to condensation, such as clouds, haze, fog, and mist, are composed of hydrometeors.  All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including virga, which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground.  Particles blown from the Earth's surface by wind, such as blowing snow and blowing sea spray, are also hydrometeors.", "answer": "precipitation measurement", "sentence": "A concept used in precipitation measurement is the hydrometeor.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A concept used in precipitation measurement is the hydrometeor. <hl> Bits of liquid or solid water in the atmosphere are known as hydrometeors. Formations due to condensation, such as clouds, haze, fog, and mist, are composed of hydrometeors. All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including virga, which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground. Particles blown from the Earth's surface by wind, such as blowing snow and blowing sea spray, are also hydrometeors.", "paragraph_answer": "A concept used in <hl> precipitation measurement <hl> is the hydrometeor. Bits of liquid or solid water in the atmosphere are known as hydrometeors. Formations due to condensation, such as clouds, haze, fog, and mist, are composed of hydrometeors. All precipitation types are made up of hydrometeors by definition, including virga, which is precipitation which evaporates before reaching the ground. Particles blown from the Earth's surface by wind, such as blowing snow and blowing sea spray, are also hydrometeors.", "sentence_answer": "A concept used in <hl> precipitation measurement <hl> is the hydrometeor.", "paragraph_id": "5d67525b2b22cd4dfcfbf6e9"}
{"question": "What men were excluded from receiving land that was big enough to support a family?", "paragraph": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded\u2014had enough land to support a family. Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "answer": "indentured or criminally bonded", "sentence": "Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded \u2014had enough land to support a family.", "paragraph_sentence": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. <hl> Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't indentured or criminally bonded \u2014had enough land to support a family. <hl> Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "paragraph_answer": "In New England, the Puritans created self-governing communities of religious congregations of farmers, or yeomen, and their families. High-level politicians gave out plots of land to male settlers, or proprietors, who then divided the land amongst themselves. Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't <hl> indentured or criminally bonded <hl>\u2014had enough land to support a family. Every male citizen had a voice in the town meeting. The town meeting levied taxes, built roads, and elected officials who managed town affairs. The towns did not have courts\u2014that was a function of a larger unit, the county, whose officials were appointed by the state government.", "sentence_answer": "Large portions were usually given to men of higher social standing, but every white man\u2014who wasn't <hl> indentured or criminally bonded <hl> \u2014had enough land to support a family.", "paragraph_id": "5d667b3b2b22cd4dfcfbe070"}
{"question": "How is a present stem found?", "paragraph": "A regular verb in Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations. A conjugation is \"a class of verbs with similar inflected forms.\" The conjugations are identified by the last letter of the verb's present stem. The present stem can be found by stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form. The infinitive of the first conjugation ends in -\u0101-re or -\u0101-ri (active and passive respectively); e.g., am\u0101re, \"to love,\" hort\u0101r\u012b, \"to exhort\"; of the second conjugation by -\u0113-re or -\u0113-r\u012b; e.g., mon\u0113re, \"to warn\", ver\u0113r\u012b, \"to fear;\" of the third conjugation by -ere, -\u012b; e.g., d\u016bcere, \"to lead,\" \u016bt\u012b, \"to use\"; of the fourth by -\u012b-re, -\u012b-r\u012b; e.g., aud\u012bre, \"to hear,\" exper\u012br\u012b, \"to attempt\".", "answer": "stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form", "sentence": "The present stem can be found by stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form .", "paragraph_sentence": "A regular verb in Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations. A conjugation is \"a class of verbs with similar inflected forms.\" The conjugations are identified by the last letter of the verb's present stem. <hl> The present stem can be found by stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form . <hl> The infinitive of the first conjugation ends in -\u0101-re or -\u0101-ri (active and passive respectively); e.g., am\u0101re, \"to love,\" hort\u0101r\u012b, \"to exhort\"; of the second conjugation by -\u0113-re or -\u0113-r\u012b; e.g., mon\u0113re, \"to warn\", ver\u0113r\u012b, \"to fear;\" of the third conjugation by -ere, -\u012b; e.g., d\u016bcere, \"to lead,\" \u016bt\u012b, \"to use\"; of the fourth by -\u012b-re, -\u012b-r\u012b; e.g., aud\u012bre, \"to hear,\" exper\u012br\u012b, \"to attempt\".", "paragraph_answer": "A regular verb in Latin belongs to one of four main conjugations. A conjugation is \"a class of verbs with similar inflected forms.\" The conjugations are identified by the last letter of the verb's present stem. The present stem can be found by <hl> stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form <hl>. The infinitive of the first conjugation ends in -\u0101-re or -\u0101-ri (active and passive respectively); e.g., am\u0101re, \"to love,\" hort\u0101r\u012b, \"to exhort\"; of the second conjugation by -\u0113-re or -\u0113-r\u012b; e.g., mon\u0113re, \"to warn\", ver\u0113r\u012b, \"to fear;\" of the third conjugation by -ere, -\u012b; e.g., d\u016bcere, \"to lead,\" \u016bt\u012b, \"to use\"; of the fourth by -\u012b-re, -\u012b-r\u012b; e.g., aud\u012bre, \"to hear,\" exper\u012br\u012b, \"to attempt\".", "sentence_answer": "The present stem can be found by <hl> stripping the -re (or -ri, in the case of a deponent verb) ending from the present infinitive form <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f4e92b22cd4dfcfbd3ef"}
{"question": "What was the name given to the very bug river sailed by the European king?", "paragraph": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "answer": "Bay of Santa Margarita", "sentence": "He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "paragraph_sentence": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. <hl> He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the Bay of Santa Margarita \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano \u2013 sailing in service of King Francis I of France \u2013 was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the <hl> Bay of Santa Margarita <hl> \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "sentence_answer": "He entered the tidal strait now known as The Narrows aboard his ship La Dauphine and named the land around Upper New York Harbor \"New Angoul\u00eame\", in reference to the family name of King Francis I that was derived from Angoul\u00eame in France; he sailed far enough into the harbor to sight the Hudson River, which he referred to in his report to the French king as a \"very big river\"; and he named the <hl> Bay of Santa Margarita <hl> \u2013 what is now Upper New York Bay \u2013 after Marguerite de Navarre, the elder sister of the king.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e5632b22cd4dfcfc03cb"}
{"question": "Along with creating more jobs, what other factors matter?", "paragraph": "Income inequality, expressed by wage stagnation for middle- and lower-income families coupled with a shift in income growth to the top earners, can adversely affect economic growth, as wealthier families tend to save more. The quality or pay of the job matters, not just creating more jobs. The union movement has declined considerably, one factor contributing to more income inequality and off-shoring. Reinvigorating the labor movement could help create more higher-paying jobs, shifting some of the economic pie back to workers from owners. However, by raising employment costs, employers may choose to hire fewer workers.", "answer": "The quality or pay of the job", "sentence": "The quality or pay of the job matters, not just creating more jobs.", "paragraph_sentence": "Income inequality, expressed by wage stagnation for middle- and lower-income families coupled with a shift in income growth to the top earners, can adversely affect economic growth, as wealthier families tend to save more. <hl> The quality or pay of the job matters, not just creating more jobs. <hl> The union movement has declined considerably, one factor contributing to more income inequality and off-shoring. Reinvigorating the labor movement could help create more higher-paying jobs, shifting some of the economic pie back to workers from owners. However, by raising employment costs, employers may choose to hire fewer workers.", "paragraph_answer": "Income inequality, expressed by wage stagnation for middle- and lower-income families coupled with a shift in income growth to the top earners, can adversely affect economic growth, as wealthier families tend to save more. <hl> The quality or pay of the job <hl> matters, not just creating more jobs. The union movement has declined considerably, one factor contributing to more income inequality and off-shoring. Reinvigorating the labor movement could help create more higher-paying jobs, shifting some of the economic pie back to workers from owners. However, by raising employment costs, employers may choose to hire fewer workers.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The quality or pay of the job <hl> matters, not just creating more jobs.", "paragraph_id": "5d674a7d2b22cd4dfcfbf543"}
{"question": "What level penalizes fighting harshly?", "paragraph": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "answer": "amateur", "sentence": "The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues).", "paragraph_sentence": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. <hl> The amateur game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). <hl> Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "paragraph_answer": "Although fighting is officially prohibited in the rules, it is both a target of criticism and a considerable draw for the sport. At the professional level in North America fights are unofficially condoned. Enforcers and other players fight to demoralize the opposing players while exciting their own, as well as settling personal scores. A fight will also break out if one of the team's skilled players gets hit hard or someone gets hit by what the team perceives as a dirty hit. The <hl> amateur <hl> game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues). Crowds seem to like fighting in ice hockey and cheer when fighting erupts.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> amateur <hl> game penalizes fisticuffs more harshly, as a player who receives a fighting major is also assessed at least a 10-minute misconduct penalty (NCAA and some Junior leagues) or a game misconduct penalty and suspension (high school and younger, as well as some casual adult leagues).", "paragraph_id": "5d6690792b22cd4dfcfbe271"}
{"question": "What else is required beyond the three years of study?", "paragraph": "A second alternate qualification, termed DNB [Diplomate of National Board], is considered equivalent to the MD and MS degrees. This can be obtained by passing the exam conducted by the National Board of Examinations after completing 3 years of post-MBBS residency training in teaching hospitals recognised by the board. The College of Physicians & Surgeons of Bombay, India (Established 1912) also awards higher postgraduate degrees in clinical and pre-clinical specialties, called FCPS; it involves three years of study and the successful completion of an examination, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, and a research thesis and a viva. The FCPS is representative of specialty clinical training, and equivalent to MD/MS/DNB in India, or PhD or Professional Doctorates in other parts of the world. Till 2007, the Government of India and the Medical Council of India recognised the FCPS qualification - since then, this is being done by State Medical Councils.", "answer": "the successful completion of an examination", "sentence": "The College of Physicians & Surgeons of Bombay, India (Established 1912) also awards higher postgraduate degrees in clinical and pre-clinical specialties, called FCPS; it involves three years of study and the successful completion of an examination , which includes both theoretical and practical elements, and a research thesis and a viva.", "paragraph_sentence": "A second alternate qualification, termed DNB [Diplomate of National Board], is considered equivalent to the MD and MS degrees. This can be obtained by passing the exam conducted by the National Board of Examinations after completing 3 years of post-MBBS residency training in teaching hospitals recognised by the board. <hl> The College of Physicians & Surgeons of Bombay, India (Established 1912) also awards higher postgraduate degrees in clinical and pre-clinical specialties, called FCPS; it involves three years of study and the successful completion of an examination , which includes both theoretical and practical elements, and a research thesis and a viva. <hl> The FCPS is representative of specialty clinical training, and equivalent to MD/MS/DNB in India, or PhD or Professional Doctorates in other parts of the world. Till 2007, the Government of India and the Medical Council of India recognised the FCPS qualification - since then, this is being done by State Medical Councils.", "paragraph_answer": "A second alternate qualification, termed DNB [Diplomate of National Board], is considered equivalent to the MD and MS degrees. This can be obtained by passing the exam conducted by the National Board of Examinations after completing 3 years of post-MBBS residency training in teaching hospitals recognised by the board. The College of Physicians & Surgeons of Bombay, India (Established 1912) also awards higher postgraduate degrees in clinical and pre-clinical specialties, called FCPS; it involves three years of study and <hl> the successful completion of an examination <hl>, which includes both theoretical and practical elements, and a research thesis and a viva. The FCPS is representative of specialty clinical training, and equivalent to MD/MS/DNB in India, or PhD or Professional Doctorates in other parts of the world. Till 2007, the Government of India and the Medical Council of India recognised the FCPS qualification - since then, this is being done by State Medical Councils.", "sentence_answer": "The College of Physicians & Surgeons of Bombay, India (Established 1912) also awards higher postgraduate degrees in clinical and pre-clinical specialties, called FCPS; it involves three years of study and <hl> the successful completion of an examination <hl> , which includes both theoretical and practical elements, and a research thesis and a viva.", "paragraph_id": "5d667f752b22cd4dfcfbe0c9"}
{"question": "How was drum and bass previously broadcasted?", "paragraph": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services (YouTube, Dailymotion), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and MixCloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts. Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio.", "answer": "over pirate radio", "sentence": "Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio .", "paragraph_sentence": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services (YouTube, Dailymotion), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and MixCloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts. <hl> Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast over pirate radio . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Today, drum and bass is widely promoted throughout the world using different methods such as video sharing services (YouTube, Dailymotion), blogs, radio and television, the latter being the most uncommon method. More recently, music networking websites such as SoundCloud and MixCloud have become powerful tools for artist recognition, providing a vast platform that enables quick responses to new tracks. Record labels have adopted the use of Podcasts. Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast <hl> over pirate radio <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "Prior to the rise of the internet, drum and bass was commonly broadcast <hl> over pirate radio <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d666f942b22cd4dfcfbdeec"}
{"question": "How many major crime categories are tracked here?", "paragraph": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s.  Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "answer": "seven", "sentence": "In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines.", "paragraph_sentence": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s. Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. <hl> In the seven major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. <hl> Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "As in the whole of New York City, Manhattan experienced a sharp increase in crime during the 1960s and 1970s. Since 1990, crime in Manhattan has plummeted in all categories tracked by the CompStat profile. A borough that saw 503 murders in 1990 has seen a drop of nearly 88% to 62 in 2008. Robbery and burglary are down by more than 80% during the period, and auto theft has been reduced by more than 93%. In the <hl> seven <hl> major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines. Based on 2005 data, New York City has the lowest crime rate among the ten largest cities in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "In the <hl> seven <hl> major crime categories tracked by the system, overall crime has declined by more than 75% since 1990, and year-to-date statistics through May 2009 show continuing declines.", "paragraph_id": "5d673b762b22cd4dfcfbf35e"}
{"question": "What shopping center is Rotterdam's most famous?", "paragraph": "Well-known streets in Rotterdam are the shopping center the Lijnbaan (the first set of pedestrian streets of the country, opened in 1953), the Hoogstraat, the Coolsingel with the city hall, and the Weena, which runs from the Central Station to the Hofplein (square). A modern shopping venue is the Beurstraverse (\"Stock Exchange Traverse\"), better known by its informal name 'Koopgoot' ('Buying/Shopping Gutter', after its subterranean position), which crosses the Coolsingel below street level). The Kruiskade is a more upscale shopping street, with retailers like Michael Kors, 7 For All Mankind, Calvin Klein, Hugo Boss, Tommy Hilfiger and the Dutch well known men's clothier Oger. Another upscale shopping venue is a flagship store of De Bijenkorf. Located a little more to the east is the Market Hall, with lots of small retailers inside. This hall is also one of Rotterdam's famous architectural landmarks.", "answer": "Market Hall", "sentence": "the Market Hall , with lots of small retailers inside.", "paragraph_sentence": "Well-known streets in Rotterdam are the shopping center the Lijnbaan (the first set of pedestrian streets of the country, opened in 1953), the Hoogstraat, the Coolsingel with the city hall, and the Weena, which runs from the Central Station to the Hofplein (square). A modern shopping venue is the Beurstraverse (\"Stock Exchange Traverse\"), better known by its informal name 'Koopgoot' ('Buying/Shopping Gutter', after its subterranean position), which crosses the Coolsingel below street level). The Kruiskade is a more upscale shopping street, with retailers like Michael Kors, 7 For All Mankind, Calvin Klein, Hugo Boss, Tommy Hilfiger and the Dutch well known men's clothier Oger. Another upscale shopping venue is a flagship store of De Bijenkorf. Located a little more to the east is <hl> the Market Hall , with lots of small retailers inside. <hl> This hall is also one of Rotterdam's famous architectural landmarks.", "paragraph_answer": "Well-known streets in Rotterdam are the shopping center the Lijnbaan (the first set of pedestrian streets of the country, opened in 1953), the Hoogstraat, the Coolsingel with the city hall, and the Weena, which runs from the Central Station to the Hofplein (square). A modern shopping venue is the Beurstraverse (\"Stock Exchange Traverse\"), better known by its informal name 'Koopgoot' ('Buying/Shopping Gutter', after its subterranean position), which crosses the Coolsingel below street level). The Kruiskade is a more upscale shopping street, with retailers like Michael Kors, 7 For All Mankind, Calvin Klein, Hugo Boss, Tommy Hilfiger and the Dutch well known men's clothier Oger. Another upscale shopping venue is a flagship store of De Bijenkorf. Located a little more to the east is the <hl> Market Hall <hl>, with lots of small retailers inside. This hall is also one of Rotterdam's famous architectural landmarks.", "sentence_answer": "the <hl> Market Hall <hl> , with lots of small retailers inside.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b7d12b22cd4dfcfc0024"}
{"question": "What location is granite most prominent in?", "paragraph": "The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age, the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. They are dark colored hornfels, slates, marbles, and schists, and are found in the western foothills (notably around Coarsegold and west of the Tehachapi Pass) and also east of the Sierra Crest. The earliest granite of the Sierra started to form in the Triassic period. This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N. In the Triassic and into the Jurassic, an island arc collided with the west coast of North America and raised a chain of volcanoes, in an event called the Nevadan orogeny. Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley, which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "answer": "east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N", "sentence": "This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N .", "paragraph_sentence": "The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age, the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. They are dark colored hornfels, slates, marbles, and schists, and are found in the western foothills (notably around Coarsegold and west of the Tehachapi Pass) and also east of the Sierra Crest. The earliest granite of the Sierra started to form in the Triassic period. <hl> This granite is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N . <hl> In the Triassic and into the Jurassic, an island arc collided with the west coast of North America and raised a chain of volcanoes, in an event called the Nevadan orogeny. Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley, which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "paragraph_answer": "The earliest rocks in the Sierra Nevada are metamorphic roof pendants of Paleozoic age, the oldest rocks being metasedimentary rocks from the Cambrian in the Mount Morrison region. They are dark colored hornfels, slates, marbles, and schists, and are found in the western foothills (notably around Coarsegold and west of the Tehachapi Pass) and also east of the Sierra Crest. The earliest granite of the Sierra started to form in the Triassic period. This granite is mostly found <hl> east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N <hl>. In the Triassic and into the Jurassic, an island arc collided with the west coast of North America and raised a chain of volcanoes, in an event called the Nevadan orogeny. Nearly all subaerial Sierran Arc volcanoes have since disappeared; their remains were redeposited during the Great Valley Sequence and the subsequent Cenozoic filling of the Great Valley, which is the source of much of the sedimentary rock in California.", "sentence_answer": "This granite is mostly found <hl> east of the crest and north of 37.2\u00b0N <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f16c2b22cd4dfcfbe6ac"}
{"question": "How much money does Pitts research program bring in each year?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "answer": "$822 million", "sentence": "Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). <hl> Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. <hl> Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than <hl> $822 million <hl> into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "sentence_answer": "Pitt's research program alone imports more than <hl> $822 million <hl> into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67412f2b22cd4dfcfbf410"}
{"question": "Where is the Bay of Gda\u0144sk?", "paragraph": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast. The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat  and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "answer": "east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast", "sentence": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast . <hl> The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies <hl> east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast <hl>. The Bay of Pomerania lies north of the islands of Usedom and Wolin, east of R\u00fcgen. Between Falster and the German coast lie the Bay of Mecklenburg and Bay of L\u00fcbeck. The westernmost part of the Baltic Sea is the Bay of Kiel. The three Danish straits, the Great Belt, the Little Belt and The Sound (\u00d6resund/\u00d8resund), connect the Baltic Sea with the Kattegat and Skagerrak strait in the North Sea.", "sentence_answer": "In the south, the Bay of Gda\u0144sk lies <hl> east of the Hel Peninsula on the Polish coast and west of the Sambia Peninsula in Kaliningrad Oblast <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6615fb2b22cd4dfcfbd81c"}
{"question": "What the logical axiom consists of ?", "paragraph": "A deduction in a Hilbert-style deductive system is a list of formulas, each of which is a logical axiom, a hypothesis that has been assumed for the derivation at hand, or follows from previous formulas via a rule of inference. The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "answer": "The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas", "sentence": "The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas ; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "A deduction in a Hilbert-style deductive system is a list of formulas, each of which is a logical axiom, a hypothesis that has been assumed for the derivation at hand, or follows from previous formulas via a rule of inference. <hl> The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas ; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. <hl> The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "paragraph_answer": "A deduction in a Hilbert-style deductive system is a list of formulas, each of which is a logical axiom, a hypothesis that has been assumed for the derivation at hand, or follows from previous formulas via a rule of inference. <hl> The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas <hl>; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic. The rules of inference enable the manipulation of quantifiers. Typical Hilbert-style systems have a small number of rules of inference, along with several infinite schemas of logical axioms. It is common to have only modus ponens and universal generalization as rules of inference.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The logical axioms consist of several axiom schemas of logically valid formulas <hl> ; these encompass a significant amount of propositional logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609f52b22cd4dfcfbd692"}
{"question": "What is the goal of an engineer's structure?", "paragraph": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake.", "answer": "to perform during an earthquake.", "sentence": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures to perform during an earthquake. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures <hl> to perform during an earthquake. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "The main objectives of earthquake engineering are to understand the interaction of structures with the shaking ground, foresee the consequences of possible earthquakes, and design and construct the structures <hl> to perform during an earthquake. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6727fa2b22cd4dfcfbf117"}
{"question": "Who were American forces supporting in South Vietnam?", "paragraph": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "answer": "Western-backed client regime", "sentence": "French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam.", "paragraph_sentence": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. <hl> French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a Western-backed client regime in South Vietnam. <hl> Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "paragraph_answer": "Another major conflict erupted between the East and West in the Cold War in Asia during the Vietnam War. French colonial forces had failed to hold back independence forces led by the communist leader Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a <hl> Western-backed client regime <hl> in South Vietnam. Despite being a superpower and having a superior arsenal of weapons at its disposal, the United States was unable to make substantial gains against North Vietnam's proxy guerilla army in South Vietnam, the Viet Cong. With the direct intervention of North Vietnam in the South with the Tet Offensive of 1968, US forces suffered heavy losses. The American public turned against the war eventually resulting in a withdrawal of US troops and the seizure of Saigon by communist forces in 1975 and communist victory in Vietnam.", "sentence_answer": "French forces retreated from Vietnam and were replaced by American forces supporting a <hl> Western-backed client regime <hl> in South Vietnam.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b6f32b22cd4dfcfbfffd"}
{"question": "What are lenses classified as when effects such as spherical aberration and coma are minimized?", "paragraph": "Coma, or comatic aberration, derives its name from the comet-like appearance of the aberrated image. Coma occurs when an object off the optical axis of the lens is imaged, where rays pass through the lens at an angle to the axis \u03b8. Rays that pass through the centre of a lens of focal length f are focused at a point with distance f tan \u03b8 from the axis. Rays passing through the outer margins of the lens are focused at different points, either further from the axis (positive coma) or closer to the axis (negative coma). In general, a bundle of parallel rays passing through the lens at a fixed distance from the centre of the lens are focused to a ring-shaped image in the focal plane, known as a comatic circle. The sum of all these circles results in a V-shaped or comet-like flare. As with spherical aberration, coma can be minimised (and in some cases eliminated) by choosing the curvature of the two lens surfaces to match the application. Lenses in which both spherical aberration and coma are minimised are called bestform lenses.", "answer": "bestform", "sentence": "Lenses in which both spherical aberration and coma are minimised are called bestform lenses.", "paragraph_sentence": "Coma, or comatic aberration, derives its name from the comet-like appearance of the aberrated image. Coma occurs when an object off the optical axis of the lens is imaged, where rays pass through the lens at an angle to the axis \u03b8. Rays that pass through the centre of a lens of focal length f are focused at a point with distance f tan \u03b8 from the axis. Rays passing through the outer margins of the lens are focused at different points, either further from the axis (positive coma) or closer to the axis (negative coma). In general, a bundle of parallel rays passing through the lens at a fixed distance from the centre of the lens are focused to a ring-shaped image in the focal plane, known as a comatic circle. The sum of all these circles results in a V-shaped or comet-like flare. As with spherical aberration, coma can be minimised (and in some cases eliminated) by choosing the curvature of the two lens surfaces to match the application. <hl> Lenses in which both spherical aberration and coma are minimised are called bestform lenses. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Coma, or comatic aberration, derives its name from the comet-like appearance of the aberrated image. Coma occurs when an object off the optical axis of the lens is imaged, where rays pass through the lens at an angle to the axis \u03b8. Rays that pass through the centre of a lens of focal length f are focused at a point with distance f tan \u03b8 from the axis. Rays passing through the outer margins of the lens are focused at different points, either further from the axis (positive coma) or closer to the axis (negative coma). In general, a bundle of parallel rays passing through the lens at a fixed distance from the centre of the lens are focused to a ring-shaped image in the focal plane, known as a comatic circle. The sum of all these circles results in a V-shaped or comet-like flare. As with spherical aberration, coma can be minimised (and in some cases eliminated) by choosing the curvature of the two lens surfaces to match the application. Lenses in which both spherical aberration and coma are minimised are called <hl> bestform <hl> lenses.", "sentence_answer": "Lenses in which both spherical aberration and coma are minimised are called <hl> bestform <hl> lenses.", "paragraph_id": "5d6780d22b22cd4dfcfbfd9d"}
{"question": "What does moral epistemology mean?", "paragraph": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals. Different systems of expressing morality have been proposed, including deontological ethical systems which adhere to a set of established rules, and normative ethical systems which consider the merits of actions themselves. An example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that: \"One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself.\"", "answer": "knowledge about morals", "sentence": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or knowledge about morals . <hl> Different systems of expressing morality have been proposed, including deontological ethical systems which adhere to a set of established rules, and normative ethical systems which consider the merits of actions themselves. An example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that: \"One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or <hl> knowledge about morals <hl>. Different systems of expressing morality have been proposed, including deontological ethical systems which adhere to a set of established rules, and normative ethical systems which consider the merits of actions themselves. An example of normative ethical philosophy is the Golden Rule, which states that: \"One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself.\"", "sentence_answer": "Moral philosophy includes moral ontology, or the origin of morals, as well as moral epistemology, or <hl> knowledge about morals <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67e41c2b22cd4dfcfc03b1"}
{"question": "In what region of the U.S.A. can one still find liberalism with in the Republican party?", "paragraph": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "answer": "Alf Landon", "sentence": "Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon , Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits.", "paragraph_sentence": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. <hl> Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included Alf Landon , Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. <hl> Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "paragraph_answer": "Historically, the Republican Party has included a liberal wing made up of individuals who, like members of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party, believe in the power of government to improve people's lives. Before 1932 leading progressive Republicans included Theodore Roosevelt, Robert M. La Follette Sr., Charles Evan Hughes, Hiram Johnson, William Borah, George W. Norris, Hiram Johnson, and Fiorello La Guardia. Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included <hl> Alf Landon <hl>, Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits. Since 1976, liberalism has virtually faded out of the Republican Party, apart from a few Northeastern holdouts.", "sentence_answer": "Prominent liberal Republicans, 1936 to the 1970s, included <hl> Alf Landon <hl> , Wendell Willkie, Earl Warren, Thomas Dewey, Prescott Bush, Nelson Rockefeller, Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., George W. Romney, William Scranton, Charles Mathias, Lowell Weicker, and Jacob Javits.", "paragraph_id": "5d674a002b22cd4dfcfbf513"}
{"question": "What is the name of the location of the highest point in the contiguous United States?", "paragraph": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "answer": "Mount Whitney", "sentence": "Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. <hl> Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. Finally, near Lone Pine, <hl> Mount Whitney <hl> is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "sentence_answer": "Finally, near Lone Pine, <hl> Mount Whitney <hl> is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d66effc2b22cd4dfcfbe62f"}
{"question": "Before what age is aspirin therapy not advised in women?", "paragraph": "It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.", "answer": "55", "sentence": "The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. <hl> The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. <hl> Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.", "paragraph_answer": "It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than <hl> 55 <hl> and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.", "sentence_answer": "The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than <hl> 55 <hl> and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals.", "paragraph_id": "5d66122a2b22cd4dfcfbd7ac"}
{"question": "What organization is helping with the fight for affordable housing?", "paragraph": "The city of San Francisco, California has a significant and visible homeless problem. Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000\u201310,000 people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. Additionally, there are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $200 million a year on homelessness related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the \"Care Not Cash\" plan which has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. At the same time, grassroots organizations within the Bay Area such as the Suitcase Clinic work to provide referrals for housing and employment to the homeless population[citation needed]. Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day, from 7 am until 11 pm furthering a \"criminalization\" strategy for responding to homelessness.", "answer": "Coalition On Homelessness", "sentence": "Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city of San Francisco, California has a significant and visible homeless problem. Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000\u201310,000 people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. Additionally, there are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $200 million a year on homelessness related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the \"Care Not Cash\" plan which has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. At the same time, grassroots organizations within the Bay Area such as the Suitcase Clinic work to provide referrals for housing and employment to the homeless population[citation needed]. <hl> Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. <hl> In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day, from 7 am until 11 pm furthering a \"criminalization\" strategy for responding to homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "The city of San Francisco, California has a significant and visible homeless problem. Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000\u201310,000 people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. Additionally, there are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $200 million a year on homelessness related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the \"Care Not Cash\" plan which has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. At the same time, grassroots organizations within the Bay Area such as the Suitcase Clinic work to provide referrals for housing and employment to the homeless population[citation needed]. Other organizations like the <hl> Coalition On Homelessness <hl> fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day, from 7 am until 11 pm furthering a \"criminalization\" strategy for responding to homelessness.", "sentence_answer": "Other organizations like the <hl> Coalition On Homelessness <hl> fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8ee2b22cd4dfcfbd23a"}
{"question": "What year did Reagan leave the office?", "paragraph": "Ever since he left office in 1989, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "answer": "1989", "sentence": "Ever since he left office in 1989 , Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Ever since he left office in 1989 , Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. <hl> In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "paragraph_answer": "Ever since he left office in <hl> 1989 <hl>, Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy. In 1994, the Party, led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution. However, Gingrich was unable to deliver on most of its promises, and after the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in 1998 and subsequent Republican losses in the House, he resigned. Since Reagan's day, presidential elections have been close. However, the Republican presidential candidate won a majority of the popular vote only in 2004, while coming in second in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2008 and 2012.", "sentence_answer": "Ever since he left office in <hl> 1989 <hl> , Reagan has been the iconic Republican; and Republican presidential candidates frequently claim to share his views and aim to establish themselves and their policies as the more appropriate heir to his legacy.", "paragraph_id": "5d6746fb2b22cd4dfcfbf4c8"}
{"question": "What year was the the high rise White House office building in Dutch Witte Huis completed?", "paragraph": "In 1898, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.\nIn the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nDuring the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "answer": "1898", "sentence": "In 1898 , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1898 , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. <hl> In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1898 <hl>, the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe. In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the Van Nelle fabriek (1929) a monument of modern factory design by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt, the Jugendstil clubhouse of the Royal Maas Yacht Club designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and Feyenoord's football stadium De Kuip (1936) also by Brinkman en Van der Vlugt. The architect J. J. P. Oud was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory has since 2014 the status of UNESCO World Heritage Site. During the early stages of World War II the center of Rotterdam was bombed by the Germans, destroying many of the older buildings in the center of the city. After initial crisis re-construction the center of Rotterdam has become the site of ambitious new architecture.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1898 <hl> , the 45-metre (148-foot) high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch Witte Huis) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.", "paragraph_id": "5d672adf2b22cd4dfcfbf15e"}
{"question": "Where were the slaves sold?", "paragraph": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed.  Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants.  The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "answer": "markets", "sentence": "As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed. Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants. The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. <hl> As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets with other goods and services. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Portuguese were the first to engage in the New World slave trade in the 16th century. Between 1418 and the 1470s, the Portuguese launched a series of exploratory expeditions that remapped the oceans south of Portugal, charting new territories that one explorer described as \"oceans where none have ever sailed before.\" In 1526, the Portuguese completed the first transatlantic slave voyage from Africa to the Americas, and other countries soon followed. Ship owners considered the slaves as cargo to be transported to the Americas as quickly and cheaply as possible, there to be sold to labour in coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar and cotton plantations, gold and silver mines, rice fields, construction industry, cutting timber for ships, in skilled labour, and as domestic servants. The first Africans imported to the English colonies were classified as \"indentured servants\", like workers coming from England, and also as \"apprentices for life\". By the middle of the 17th century, slavery had hardened as a racial caste; they and their offspring were legally the property of their owners, and children born to slave mothers were slaves. As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at <hl> markets <hl> with other goods and services.", "sentence_answer": "As property, the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at <hl> markets <hl> with other goods and services.", "paragraph_id": "5d6598032b22cd4dfcfbca57"}
{"question": "Who gave limited assistance to Yugoslavia during the war?", "paragraph": "SFR Yugoslavia was one of only two European countries that were largely liberated by its own forces during World War II. It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British, prior to 1944. At the end of the war no foreign troops were stationed on its soil. Partly as a result, the country found itself halfway between the two camps at the onset of the Cold War.", "answer": "the British", "sentence": "It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British , prior to 1944.", "paragraph_sentence": "SFR Yugoslavia was one of only two European countries that were largely liberated by its own forces during World War II. <hl> It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from the British , prior to 1944. <hl> At the end of the war no foreign troops were stationed on its soil. Partly as a result, the country found itself halfway between the two camps at the onset of the Cold War.", "paragraph_answer": "SFR Yugoslavia was one of only two European countries that were largely liberated by its own forces during World War II. It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from <hl> the British <hl>, prior to 1944. At the end of the war no foreign troops were stationed on its soil. Partly as a result, the country found itself halfway between the two camps at the onset of the Cold War.", "sentence_answer": "It received significant assistance from the Soviet Union during the liberation of Serbia, and substantial assistance from the Balkan Air Force from mid-1944, but only limited assistance, mainly from <hl> the British <hl> , prior to 1944.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7d62b22cd4dfcfc01ff"}
{"question": "What type of medical research is it?", "paragraph": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "answer": "biomedical research,", "sentence": "The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. <hl> The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of biomedical research, with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The first studies on cardiovascular health were performed in year 1949 by Jerry Morris using occupational health data and were published in year 1958. The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of <hl> biomedical research, <hl> with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "sentence_answer": "The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease remain active fields of <hl> biomedical research, <hl> with hundreds of scientific studies being published on a weekly basis.", "paragraph_id": "5d6644d42b22cd4dfcfbdbb8"}
{"question": "Between 2000 and 2011 what happened to the rate of employment for those who were over 55?", "paragraph": "A study by the Brookings Institution determined that the 2011 employment rate for teens (ages 16\u201319) in the United States was 25%. Comparing employment rates in 2000 vs. 2011, the Brookings Institution found that younger workers had much lower rates of employment (higher unemployment) while older workers had higher rates of employment (lower unemployment). Between 2000 and 2011, the employment rate for 16- to 19-year-olds fell from 44 to 24 percent, while the employment rate for those over 55 rose moderately. For those aged 20\u201354, the rate of employment fell.", "answer": "rate of employment fell", "sentence": "For those aged 20\u201354, the rate of employment fell .", "paragraph_sentence": "A study by the Brookings Institution determined that the 2011 employment rate for teens (ages 16\u201319) in the United States was 25%. Comparing employment rates in 2000 vs. 2011, the Brookings Institution found that younger workers had much lower rates of employment (higher unemployment) while older workers had higher rates of employment (lower unemployment). Between 2000 and 2011, the employment rate for 16- to 19-year-olds fell from 44 to 24 percent, while the employment rate for those over 55 rose moderately. <hl> For those aged 20\u201354, the rate of employment fell . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A study by the Brookings Institution determined that the 2011 employment rate for teens (ages 16\u201319) in the United States was 25%. Comparing employment rates in 2000 vs. 2011, the Brookings Institution found that younger workers had much lower rates of employment (higher unemployment) while older workers had higher rates of employment (lower unemployment). Between 2000 and 2011, the employment rate for 16- to 19-year-olds fell from 44 to 24 percent, while the employment rate for those over 55 rose moderately. For those aged 20\u201354, the <hl> rate of employment fell <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "For those aged 20\u201354, the <hl> rate of employment fell <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67cbbb2b22cd4dfcfc0243"}
{"question": "What Scottish game was the Irish game of hurling closely related to?", "paragraph": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "answer": "shinty", "sentence": "In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England).", "paragraph_sentence": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. <hl> In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of shinty and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). <hl> IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "paragraph_answer": "Stick-and-ball games date back to pre-Christian times. In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of <hl> shinty <hl> and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England). IJscolf, a game resembling colf on an ice-covered surface, was popular in the Low Countries between the Middle Ages and the Dutch Golden Age. It was played with a wooden curved bat (called a colf or kolf), a wooden or leather ball and two poles (or nearby landmarks), with the objective to hit the chosen point using the least number of strokes. A similar game (knattleikr) had been played for a thousand years or more by the Norse, as documented in the Icelandic sagas. In England, evidence of games of 'hockey on ice' (the name replaced \"bandie ball\"), played with a \"bung\" (a plug of cork or oak used as a stopper on a barrel) date back to the 1700s. William Pierre Le Cocq stated, in a 1799 letter written in Chesham, England:", "sentence_answer": "In Europe, these games included the Irish game of hurling, the closely related Scottish game of <hl> shinty <hl> and versions of field hockey (including \"bandie ball,\" played in England).", "paragraph_id": "5d6691f92b22cd4dfcfbe2a8"}
{"question": "What is the usual deciding factor as to the severity of a penalty?", "paragraph": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding), as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "answer": "visible injury (such as bleeding)", "sentence": "Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding) , as well as for fighting.", "paragraph_sentence": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. <hl> Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in visible injury (such as bleeding) , as well as for fighting. <hl> Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "paragraph_answer": "A two-minute minor penalty is often charged for lesser infractions such as \"tripping\", \"elbowing\", \"roughing\", \"high-sticking\", \"delay of the game\", \"too many players on the ice\", \"boarding\", illegal equipment, \"charging\" (leaping into an opponent or body-checking him after taking more than two strides), \"holding\", holding the stick (grabbing an opponent's stick), \"interference\", \"hooking\", \"slashing\", \"kneeing\", \"unsportsmanlike conduct\" (arguing a penalty call with referee, extremely vulgar or inappropriate verbal comments), \"butt-ending\" (striking an opponent with the knob of the stick\u2014a very rare penalty), \"spearing\", or \"cross-checking\". As of the 2005\u20132006 season, a minor penalty is also assessed for \"diving\", where a player embellishes or simulates an offence. More egregious fouls may be penalized by a four-minute double-minor penalty, particularly those that injure the victimized player. These penalties end either when the time runs out or when the other team scores during the power play. In the case of a goal scored during the first two minutes of a double-minor, the penalty clock is set down to two minutes upon a score, effectively expiring the first minor penalty. Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in <hl> visible injury (such as bleeding) <hl>, as well as for fighting. Major penalties are always served in full; they do not terminate on a goal scored by the other team. Major penalties assessed for fighting are typically offsetting, meaning neither team is short-handed and the players exit the penalty box upon a stoppage of play following the expiration of their respective penalties. The foul of \"boarding\" (defined as \"check[ing] an opponent in such a manner that causes the opponent to be thrown violently in the boards\") is penalized either by a minor or major penalty at the discretion of the referee, based on the violent state of the hit. A minor or major penalty for boarding is often assessed when a player checks an opponent from behind and into the boards.", "sentence_answer": "Five-minute major penalties are called for especially violent instances of most minor infractions that result in intentional injury to an opponent, or when a \"minor\" penalty results in <hl> visible injury (such as bleeding) <hl> , as well as for fighting.", "paragraph_id": "5d6635d62b22cd4dfcfbdaf2"}
{"question": "What did Kennedy's report reveal?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life,", "sentence": "The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. <hl> Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, <hl> along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712422b22cd4dfcfbed9e"}
{"question": "Who did Eisenhower defeat for the nomination in 1952?", "paragraph": "The second half of the 20th century saw election or succession of Republican presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush. Eisenhower had defeated conservative leader Senator Robert A. Taft for the 1952 nomination, but conservatives dominated the domestic policies of the Eisenhower Administration. Voters liked Ike much more than they liked the GOP, and he proved unable to shift the party to a more moderate position. After 1970, the liberal wing faded away.", "answer": "Senator Robert A. Taft", "sentence": "Eisenhower had defeated conservative leader Senator Robert A. Taft for the 1952 nomination, but conservatives dominated the domestic policies of the Eisenhower Administration.", "paragraph_sentence": "The second half of the 20th century saw election or succession of Republican presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush. <hl> Eisenhower had defeated conservative leader Senator Robert A. Taft for the 1952 nomination, but conservatives dominated the domestic policies of the Eisenhower Administration. <hl> Voters liked Ike much more than they liked the GOP, and he proved unable to shift the party to a more moderate position. After 1970, the liberal wing faded away.", "paragraph_answer": "The second half of the 20th century saw election or succession of Republican presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush. Eisenhower had defeated conservative leader <hl> Senator Robert A. Taft <hl> for the 1952 nomination, but conservatives dominated the domestic policies of the Eisenhower Administration. Voters liked Ike much more than they liked the GOP, and he proved unable to shift the party to a more moderate position. After 1970, the liberal wing faded away.", "sentence_answer": "Eisenhower had defeated conservative leader <hl> Senator Robert A. Taft <hl> for the 1952 nomination, but conservatives dominated the domestic policies of the Eisenhower Administration.", "paragraph_id": "5d6745302b22cd4dfcfbf48a"}
{"question": "What is Manhattan home to which are both contemporary and historical?", "paragraph": "Manhattan is also home to some of the most extensive art collections in the world, both contemporary and historical, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the Frick Collection, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Guggenheim Museum. The Upper East Side has many art galleries, and the downtown neighborhood of Chelsea is known for its more than 200 art galleries that are home to modern art from both upcoming and established artists.", "answer": "extensive art collections", "sentence": "Manhattan is also home to some of the most extensive art collections in the world, both contemporary and historical, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the Frick Collection, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Guggenheim Museum.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Manhattan is also home to some of the most extensive art collections in the world, both contemporary and historical, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the Frick Collection, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Guggenheim Museum. <hl> The Upper East Side has many art galleries, and the downtown neighborhood of Chelsea is known for its more than 200 art galleries that are home to modern art from both upcoming and established artists.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan is also home to some of the most <hl> extensive art collections <hl> in the world, both contemporary and historical, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the Frick Collection, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Guggenheim Museum. The Upper East Side has many art galleries, and the downtown neighborhood of Chelsea is known for its more than 200 art galleries that are home to modern art from both upcoming and established artists.", "sentence_answer": "Manhattan is also home to some of the most <hl> extensive art collections <hl> in the world, both contemporary and historical, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the Frick Collection, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Guggenheim Museum.", "paragraph_id": "5d6717982b22cd4dfcfbef0c"}
{"question": "What support is believed to be lacking, that makes medical, psychiatric, and counseling services ineffective?", "paragraph": "Homeless individuals report mental illness as being the number three reason for becoming or staying homeless. Such illnesses are often closely linked with the fourth reason\u2014substance abuse\u2014and therefore it is generally accepted that both of these issues should be treated simultaneously. Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of reliable and stable housing such treatments remain ineffective. Furthermore, in the absence of a universal health-care plan, many of those in need cannot afford such services. Proposed legislation such as the Bringing America Home Act are intended to provide comprehensive treatment for many homeless mental and substance abuse patients.", "answer": "reliable and stable housing", "sentence": "Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of reliable and stable housing such treatments remain ineffective.", "paragraph_sentence": "Homeless individuals report mental illness as being the number three reason for becoming or staying homeless. Such illnesses are often closely linked with the fourth reason\u2014substance abuse\u2014and therefore it is generally accepted that both of these issues should be treated simultaneously. <hl> Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of reliable and stable housing such treatments remain ineffective. <hl> Furthermore, in the absence of a universal health-care plan, many of those in need cannot afford such services. Proposed legislation such as the Bringing America Home Act are intended to provide comprehensive treatment for many homeless mental and substance abuse patients.", "paragraph_answer": "Homeless individuals report mental illness as being the number three reason for becoming or staying homeless. Such illnesses are often closely linked with the fourth reason\u2014substance abuse\u2014and therefore it is generally accepted that both of these issues should be treated simultaneously. Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of <hl> reliable and stable housing <hl> such treatments remain ineffective. Furthermore, in the absence of a universal health-care plan, many of those in need cannot afford such services. Proposed legislation such as the Bringing America Home Act are intended to provide comprehensive treatment for many homeless mental and substance abuse patients.", "sentence_answer": "Although many medical, psychiatric, and counseling services exist to address these needs, it is commonly believed that without the support of <hl> reliable and stable housing <hl> such treatments remain ineffective.", "paragraph_id": "5d6660772b22cd4dfcfbdd05"}
{"question": "What type of events resulted in the majority of enslavements?", "paragraph": "According to Dr Kimani Nehusi, the presence of European slavers affected the way in which the legal code in African societies responded to offenders. Crimes traditionally punishable by some other form of punishment became punishable by enslavement and sale to slave traders.[citation needed] According to David Stannard's American Holocaust, 50% of African deaths occurred in Africa as a result of wars between native kingdoms, which produced the majority of slaves. This includes not only those who died in battles, but also those who died as a result of forced marches from inland areas to slave ports on the various coasts. The practice of enslaving enemy combatants and their villages was widespread throughout Western and West Central Africa, although wars were rarely started to procure slaves. The slave trade was largely a by-product of tribal and state warfare as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory, or financing future wars. However, some African groups proved particularly adept and brutal at the practice of enslaving, such as Oyo, Benin, Igala, Kaabu, Asanteman, Dahomey, the Aro Confederacy and the Imbangala war bands.", "answer": "tribal and state warfare", "sentence": "The slave trade was largely a by-product of tribal and state warfare as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory, or financing future wars.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Dr Kimani Nehusi, the presence of European slavers affected the way in which the legal code in African societies responded to offenders. Crimes traditionally punishable by some other form of punishment became punishable by enslavement and sale to slave traders.[citation needed] According to David Stannard's American Holocaust, 50% of African deaths occurred in Africa as a result of wars between native kingdoms, which produced the majority of slaves. This includes not only those who died in battles, but also those who died as a result of forced marches from inland areas to slave ports on the various coasts. The practice of enslaving enemy combatants and their villages was widespread throughout Western and West Central Africa, although wars were rarely started to procure slaves. <hl> The slave trade was largely a by-product of tribal and state warfare as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory, or financing future wars. <hl> However, some African groups proved particularly adept and brutal at the practice of enslaving, such as Oyo, Benin, Igala, Kaabu, Asanteman, Dahomey, the Aro Confederacy and the Imbangala war bands.", "paragraph_answer": "According to Dr Kimani Nehusi, the presence of European slavers affected the way in which the legal code in African societies responded to offenders. Crimes traditionally punishable by some other form of punishment became punishable by enslavement and sale to slave traders.[citation needed] According to David Stannard's American Holocaust, 50% of African deaths occurred in Africa as a result of wars between native kingdoms, which produced the majority of slaves. This includes not only those who died in battles, but also those who died as a result of forced marches from inland areas to slave ports on the various coasts. The practice of enslaving enemy combatants and their villages was widespread throughout Western and West Central Africa, although wars were rarely started to procure slaves. The slave trade was largely a by-product of <hl> tribal and state warfare <hl> as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory, or financing future wars. However, some African groups proved particularly adept and brutal at the practice of enslaving, such as Oyo, Benin, Igala, Kaabu, Asanteman, Dahomey, the Aro Confederacy and the Imbangala war bands.", "sentence_answer": "The slave trade was largely a by-product of <hl> tribal and state warfare <hl> as a way of removing potential dissidents after victory, or financing future wars.", "paragraph_id": "5d66497b2b22cd4dfcfbdbf4"}
{"question": "What kind of structure has a size between molecular and microscopic?", "paragraph": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "answer": "nanostructure", "sentence": "A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A nanostructure is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. <hl> In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "paragraph_answer": "A <hl> nanostructure <hl> is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures. In describing nanostructures it is necessary to differentiate between the number of dimensions on the nanoscale. Nanotextured surfaces have one dimension on the nanoscale, i.e., only the thickness of the surface of an object is between 0.1 and 100 nm. Nanotubes have two dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the diameter of the tube is between 0.1 and 100 nm; its length could be much greater. Finally, spherical nanoparticles have three dimensions on the nanoscale, i.e., the particle is between 0.1 and 100 nm in each spatial dimension. The terms nanoparticles and ultrafine particles (UFP) often are used synonymously although UFP can reach into the micrometre range. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology.", "sentence_answer": "A <hl> nanostructure <hl> is an object of intermediate size between molecular and microscopic (micrometer-sized) structures.", "paragraph_id": "5d678cc22b22cd4dfcfbfe50"}
{"question": "What does the ideal climate allow them to avoid?", "paragraph": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "answer": "disturbing actions of meteoric water", "sentence": "The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. <hl> The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the disturbing actions of meteoric water . <hl> The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "paragraph_answer": "The Andes Mountains host large ore and salt deposits and some of their eastern fold and thrust belt acts as traps for commercially exploitable amounts of hydrocarbons. In the forelands of the Atacama desert some of the largest porphyry copper mineralizations occurs making Chile and Peru the first and second largest exporters of copper in the world. Porphyry copper in the western slopes of the Andes has been generated by hydrothermal fluids (mostly water) during the cooling of plutons or volcanic systems. The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the <hl> disturbing actions of meteoric water <hl>. The dry climate in the central western Andes has also led to the creation of extensive saltpeter deposits which were extensively mined until the invention of synthetic nitrates. Yet another result of the dry climate are the salars of Atacama and Uyuni, the first one being the largest source of lithium today and the second the world's largest reserve of the element. Early Mesozoic and Neogene plutonism in Bolivia's Cordillera Central created the Bolivian tin belt as well as the famous, now depleted, deposits of Cerro Rico de Potos\u00ed.", "sentence_answer": "The porphyry mineralization further benefited from the dry climate that let them largely out of the <hl> disturbing actions of meteoric water <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6697e12b22cd4dfcfbe331"}
{"question": "What types of ethical theories distinguish between ethics and morals?", "paragraph": "Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. The word \"ethics\" is \"commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual.\" Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "answer": "deontological ethics", "sentence": "Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics , sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. The word \"ethics\" is \"commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual.\" <hl> Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially deontological ethics , sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of morality. The word \"ethics\" is \"commonly used interchangeably with 'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a particular tradition, group, or individual.\" Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially <hl> deontological ethics <hl>, sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "sentence_answer": "Likewise, certain types of ethical theories, especially <hl> deontological ethics <hl> , sometimes distinguish between ethics and morals: \"Although the morality of people and their ethics amounts to the same thing, there is a usage that restricts morality to systems such as that of Immanuel Kant, based on notions such as duty, obligation, and principles of conduct, reserving ethics for the more Aristotelian approach to practical reasoning, based on the notion of a virtue, and generally avoiding the separation of 'moral' considerations from other practical considerations.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d67e5722b22cd4dfcfc03d6"}
{"question": "What is the Municipal Council advised by?", "paragraph": "The Municipal Council is responsible for citywide issues, including managing the budget, maintaining civic infrastructure, and overseeing museums and major cultural centers. Since the government operates under a \"powerful mayor, weak council\" approach, the council's leader\u2014the metropolitan mayor\u2014has the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency. The Municipal Council is advised by the Metropolitan Executive Committee, although the Committee also has limited power to make decisions of its own. All representatives on the Committee are appointed by the metropolitan mayor and the Council, with the mayor\u2014or someone of his or her choosing\u2014serving as head.", "answer": "the Metropolitan Executive Committee", "sentence": "The Municipal Council is advised by the Metropolitan Executive Committee , although the Committee also has limited power to make decisions of its own.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Municipal Council is responsible for citywide issues, including managing the budget, maintaining civic infrastructure, and overseeing museums and major cultural centers. Since the government operates under a \"powerful mayor, weak council\" approach, the council's leader\u2014the metropolitan mayor\u2014has the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency. <hl> The Municipal Council is advised by the Metropolitan Executive Committee , although the Committee also has limited power to make decisions of its own. <hl> All representatives on the Committee are appointed by the metropolitan mayor and the Council, with the mayor\u2014or someone of his or her choosing\u2014serving as head.", "paragraph_answer": "The Municipal Council is responsible for citywide issues, including managing the budget, maintaining civic infrastructure, and overseeing museums and major cultural centers. Since the government operates under a \"powerful mayor, weak council\" approach, the council's leader\u2014the metropolitan mayor\u2014has the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency. The Municipal Council is advised by <hl> the Metropolitan Executive Committee <hl>, although the Committee also has limited power to make decisions of its own. All representatives on the Committee are appointed by the metropolitan mayor and the Council, with the mayor\u2014or someone of his or her choosing\u2014serving as head.", "sentence_answer": "The Municipal Council is advised by <hl> the Metropolitan Executive Committee <hl> , although the Committee also has limited power to make decisions of its own.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e5e02b22cd4dfcfbd1ba"}
{"question": "Which instrument designer developed chromatic fingering?", "paragraph": "The chromatic, or linear fingering, saxophone is a project of instrument designer and builder Jim Schmidt, developing a horn maximizing tactile and logical consistency between every interval on the horn regardless of key, and avoiding the acoustic problems associated closed keys below the first open tone hole.  Several working prototypes have been built and presented at trade shows.  Production of this fascinating and expensive saxophone is on an individual order basis according to the designer's website referenced above.", "answer": "Jim Schmidt", "sentence": "The chromatic, or linear fingering, saxophone is a project of instrument designer and builder Jim Schmidt , developing a horn maximizing tactile and logical consistency between every interval on the horn regardless of key, and avoiding the acoustic problems associated closed keys below the first open tone hole.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The chromatic, or linear fingering, saxophone is a project of instrument designer and builder Jim Schmidt , developing a horn maximizing tactile and logical consistency between every interval on the horn regardless of key, and avoiding the acoustic problems associated closed keys below the first open tone hole. <hl> Several working prototypes have been built and presented at trade shows. Production of this fascinating and expensive saxophone is on an individual order basis according to the designer's website referenced above.", "paragraph_answer": "The chromatic, or linear fingering, saxophone is a project of instrument designer and builder <hl> Jim Schmidt <hl>, developing a horn maximizing tactile and logical consistency between every interval on the horn regardless of key, and avoiding the acoustic problems associated closed keys below the first open tone hole. Several working prototypes have been built and presented at trade shows. Production of this fascinating and expensive saxophone is on an individual order basis according to the designer's website referenced above.", "sentence_answer": "The chromatic, or linear fingering, saxophone is a project of instrument designer and builder <hl> Jim Schmidt <hl> , developing a horn maximizing tactile and logical consistency between every interval on the horn regardless of key, and avoiding the acoustic problems associated closed keys below the first open tone hole.", "paragraph_id": "5d6761782b22cd4dfcfbf94d"}
{"question": "When are substitutions allowed?", "paragraph": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "answer": "at any time during the game", "sentence": "Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game , although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change.", "paragraph_sentence": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. <hl> Substitutions are permitted at any time during the game , although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. <hl> When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "paragraph_answer": "Between the six players on the ice, they are typically divided into three forwards and two defensemen and a goaltender. The forward positions consist of a centre and two wingers: a left wing and a right wing. Forwards often play together as units or lines, with the same three forwards always playing together. The defencemen usually stay together as a pair generally divided between left and right. Left and right side wingers or defencemen are generally positioned as such, based on the side on which they carry their stick. A substitution of an entire unit at once is called a line change. Teams typically employ alternate sets of forward lines and defensive pairings when shorthanded or on a power play. The goaltender stands in a, usually blue, semi-circle called the crease in the defensive zone keeping pucks from going in. Substitutions are permitted <hl> at any time during the game <hl>, although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change. When players are substituted during play, it is called changing on the fly. A new NHL rule added in the 2005\u20132006 season prevents a team from changing their line after they ice the puck.", "sentence_answer": "Substitutions are permitted <hl> at any time during the game <hl> , although during a stoppage of play the home team is permitted the final change.", "paragraph_id": "5d6671502b22cd4dfcfbdf1b"}
{"question": "What other major issues did second wave feminism address?", "paragraph": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "answer": "domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law.", "sentence": "Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_sentence": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. <hl> Second-wave feminism also drew attention to domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Whereas first-wave feminism focused mainly on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality (e.g.., voting rights, property rights), second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues: sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, de facto inequalities, and official legal inequalities. Second-wave feminism also drew attention to <hl> domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. <hl> Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "sentence_answer": "Second-wave feminism also drew attention to <hl> domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women's shelters, and changes in custody and divorce law. <hl> Its major effort was the attempted passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the United States Constitution, in which they were defeated by anti-feminists led by Phyllis Schlafly, who argued as an anti-ERA view that the ERA meant women would be drafted into the military.", "paragraph_id": "5d670e292b22cd4dfcfbec75"}
{"question": "What is in the Ashmolean Museum?", "paragraph": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "answer": "significant collections of art and archaeology", "sentence": "It holds significant collections of art and archaeology , including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel.", "paragraph_sentence": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. <hl> It holds significant collections of art and archaeology , including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. <hl> It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "paragraph_answer": "The first of these to be established was the Ashmolean Museum, the world's first university museum, and the oldest museum in the UK. Its first building was erected in 1678\u20131683 to house a cabinet of curiosities given to the University of Oxford in 1677. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment. It holds <hl> significant collections of art and archaeology <hl>, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains \"The Messiah\", a pristine Stradivarius violin, regarded by some as one of the finest examples in existence.", "sentence_answer": "It holds <hl> significant collections of art and archaeology <hl> , including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel.", "paragraph_id": "5d6751872b22cd4dfcfbf6cd"}
{"question": "What does moralitas mean in latin?", "paragraph": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"manner, character, proper behavior\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987). The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366\u2013367. ISBN 9780521275569..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</ref> Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal. Morality may also be specifically synonymous with \"goodness\" or \"rightness.\"", "answer": "manner, character, proper behavior", "sentence": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \" manner, character, proper behavior \") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Morality (from the Latin moralitas \" manner, character, proper behavior \") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper. <hl> Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987). The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366\u2013367. ISBN 9780521275569..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</ref> Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal. Morality may also be specifically synonymous with \"goodness\" or \"rightness.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \"<hl> manner, character, proper behavior <hl>\") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.Long, A. A.; Sedley, D. N. (1987). The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 366\u2013367. ISBN 9780521275569..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:\"\\\"\"\"\\\"\"\"'\"\"'\"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url(\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</ref> Morality can be a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy, religion, or culture, or it can derive from a standard that a person believes should be universal. Morality may also be specifically synonymous with \"goodness\" or \"rightness.\"", "sentence_answer": "Morality (from the Latin moralitas \" <hl> manner, character, proper behavior <hl> \") is the differentiation of intentions, decisions, and actions between those that are distinguished as proper and those that are improper.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e39d2b22cd4dfcfc03a9"}
{"question": "Which city became a major center for crafting furniture due to great wealth from Quaker and British merchants?", "paragraph": "Ethnic cultures also affected the styles of furniture. Rural Quakers preferred simple designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations. However, some urban Quakers had much more elaborate furniture. The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. Philadelphian cabinet makers built elegant desks and highboys. German artisans created intricate carved designs on their chests and other furniture with painted scenes of flowers and birds. German potters also crafted a large array of jugs, pots, and plates, of both elegant and traditional design.", "answer": "Philadelphia", "sentence": "The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ethnic cultures also affected the styles of furniture. Rural Quakers preferred simple designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations. However, some urban Quakers had much more elaborate furniture. <hl> The city of Philadelphia became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. <hl> Philadelphian cabinet makers built elegant desks and highboys. German artisans created intricate carved designs on their chests and other furniture with painted scenes of flowers and birds. German potters also crafted a large array of jugs, pots, and plates, of both elegant and traditional design.", "paragraph_answer": "Ethnic cultures also affected the styles of furniture. Rural Quakers preferred simple designs in furnishings such as tables, chairs, chests and shunned elaborate decorations. However, some urban Quakers had much more elaborate furniture. The city of <hl> Philadelphia <hl> became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants. Philadelphian cabinet makers built elegant desks and highboys. German artisans created intricate carved designs on their chests and other furniture with painted scenes of flowers and birds. German potters also crafted a large array of jugs, pots, and plates, of both elegant and traditional design.", "sentence_answer": "The city of <hl> Philadelphia <hl> became a major center of furniture-making because of its massive wealth from Quaker and British merchants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6684912b22cd4dfcfbe179"}
{"question": "When were Marxist-Leninist unabated?", "paragraph": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "answer": "1960s", "sentence": "The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s .", "paragraph_sentence": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. <hl> The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the 1960s . <hl> Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "paragraph_answer": "In Asia, a number of Marxist\u2013Leninist regimes and movements continue to exist, though their practices depart from 20th century Marxism-Leninism in major respects[citation needed]. The People's Republic of China has continued the agenda of Deng's reforms by initiating significant privatisation of the national economy. At the same time, no corresponding political liberalisation has occurred, as happened in previous years to Eastern European countries. The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the <hl> 1960s <hl>. Maoist rebels in Nepal engaged in a civil war from 1996 to 2006 that managed to topple the monarchy there and create a republic. In the Philippines, the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the New People's Army, have been waging armed revolution against the existing Philippine government since 1968. In the internal conflict in Peru, the Peruvian government faced opposition from Marxist\u2013Leninist and Maoist militants.", "sentence_answer": "The Naxalite\u2013Maoist insurgency has continued between the governments of India and Bangladesh against various Marxist\u2013Leninist movements, having been unabated since the <hl> 1960s <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67c6f72b22cd4dfcfc01d5"}
{"question": "What is the name of the Christian denomination that was introduced in America by New Sweden?", "paragraph": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "answer": "Lutheranism", "sentence": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. <hl> The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The colony of New Sweden introduced <hl> Lutheranism <hl> to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The colony of New Sweden introduced <hl> Lutheranism <hl> to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6642b22cd4dfcfbd1d4"}
{"question": "What's the biggest singing-related event during Greek Week called?", "paragraph": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "answer": "Greek Sing", "sentence": "The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing .", "paragraph_sentence": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. <hl> The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and Greek Sing . <hl> Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "paragraph_answer": "\"Greek Week\" is a yearlong initiative for the Greek organizations on campus to raise money for different charitable organizations through different events. The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and <hl> Greek Sing <hl>. Yearlong fundraising activities are also held to support such charitable organizations such as the Ronald McDonald House, Make a Wish Foundation, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and the Pittsburgh Food Bank. \"E-Week\" is a spring celebration organized by the Engineer Student Council for a week-long series of activities and competitions to demonstrate engineering skills and foster a spirit of camaraderie. Activities include games such as Monopoly, Ingenuity, Jeopardy, Assassins, and include a talent show, relay race, mini-Olympics, and blood drive. The festivities reach climax with a parade on Friday, a soapbox derby on Saturday, and the \"e-ball finale\" on Saturday evening. Each year, a unique theme is chosen. Each engineering department competes against the others, while some smaller departments join forces.", "sentence_answer": "The two biggest events each year are the Pitt Dance Marathon and <hl> Greek Sing <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676d7f2b22cd4dfcfbfb37"}
{"question": "What did article 8 do?", "paragraph": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities.  There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "answer": "Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989", "sentence": "The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches.", "paragraph_sentence": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities. There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. <hl> The Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 restored or constructed more than 30 churches. <hl> In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "paragraph_answer": "Due to the Bolshevik revolution and the subsequent annexation of Armenia by the U.S.S.R., all functioning religious institutions in Armenia and NKAO were closed down, and their clergymen either exiled or shot. After a while the Armenian Apostolic Church resumed its activities. There were weddings, baptisms, and every Sunday Church Liturgy at a free will attendance. The <hl> Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 <hl> restored or constructed more than 30 churches. In 2009 the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic government introduced a law entitled \"Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organisations\", article 8 of which provided that only the Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church is allowed to preach on the territory of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. However, the law did make processes available for other religious institutions to get approval from the government if they wished to worship within the Republic.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Armenian Apostolic Church since 1989 <hl> restored or constructed more than 30 churches.", "paragraph_id": "5d657d2e2b22cd4dfcfbc99b"}
{"question": "Does improving diet and participating in physical activity change lifestyle behaviors?", "paragraph": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended. It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "answer": "has not been found to significantly alter behavior", "sentence": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior , and thus is not recommended.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior , and thus is not recommended. <hl> It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity <hl> has not been found to significantly alter behavior <hl>, and thus is not recommended. It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "sentence_answer": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity <hl> has not been found to significantly alter behavior <hl> , and thus is not recommended.", "paragraph_id": "5d6613b42b22cd4dfcfbd7c7"}
{"question": "What degree is accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka)?", "paragraph": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha. The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). M.D (Ayu)(Ayurveda vachaspati) can be done after B.A.M.S, as a speciality, and it takes 3 years (including submission of a thesis) to complete the course. Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "answer": "Ayurveda M.D (Ayu)", "sentence": "Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha. The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). M.D (Ayu)(Ayurveda vachaspati) can be done after B.A.M.S, as a speciality, and it takes 3 years (including submission of a thesis) to complete the course. <hl> Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Ayurveda, Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery B.A.M.S in Unani, Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery BUMS in Sidha, Bachelor of Sidha Medicine and Surgery BSMS are the basic qualification for practicing Ayurveda, Unani,&Sidha. The B.A.M.S, B.U.M.S, and B.S.M.S are 6-year degree (including internship) courses accepted by the University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka). M.D (Ayu)(Ayurveda vachaspati) can be done after B.A.M.S, as a speciality, and it takes 3 years (including submission of a thesis) to complete the course. <hl> Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) <hl> (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Ayurveda M.D (Ayu) <hl> (Ayurveda vachaspati) is a master's degree accepted by University Grants Commission (Sri Lanka), after completion of MPhil can follow PhD level programmes in Sri Lanka.", "paragraph_id": "5d66532b2b22cd4dfcfbdc24"}
{"question": "How wide is the Bolivian flexure?", "paragraph": "In the northern part of the Andes, the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta range is often considered to be part of the Andes. The term cordillera comes from the Spanish word \"cordel\", meaning \"rope\". The Andes range is about 200 km (124 mi) wide throughout its length, except in the Bolivian flexure where it is about 640 kilometres (398 mi) wide. The Leeward Antilles islands Aruba, Bonaire, and Cura\u00e7ao, which lie in the Caribbean Sea off the coast of Venezuela, were thought to represent the submerged peaks of the extreme northern edge of the Andes range, but ongoing geological studies indicate that such a simplification does not do justice to the complex tectonic boundary between the South American and Caribbean plates.", "answer": "640 kilometres", "sentence": "The Andes range is about 200 km (124 mi) wide throughout its length, except in the Bolivian flexure where it is about 640 kilometres (398 mi) wide.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the northern part of the Andes, the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta range is often considered to be part of the Andes. The term cordillera comes from the Spanish word \"cordel\", meaning \"rope\". <hl> The Andes range is about 200 km (124 mi) wide throughout its length, except in the Bolivian flexure where it is about 640 kilometres (398 mi) wide. <hl> The Leeward Antilles islands Aruba, Bonaire, and Cura\u00e7ao, which lie in the Caribbean Sea off the coast of Venezuela, were thought to represent the submerged peaks of the extreme northern edge of the Andes range, but ongoing geological studies indicate that such a simplification does not do justice to the complex tectonic boundary between the South American and Caribbean plates.", "paragraph_answer": "In the northern part of the Andes, the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta range is often considered to be part of the Andes. The term cordillera comes from the Spanish word \"cordel\", meaning \"rope\". The Andes range is about 200 km (124 mi) wide throughout its length, except in the Bolivian flexure where it is about <hl> 640 kilometres <hl> (398 mi) wide. The Leeward Antilles islands Aruba, Bonaire, and Cura\u00e7ao, which lie in the Caribbean Sea off the coast of Venezuela, were thought to represent the submerged peaks of the extreme northern edge of the Andes range, but ongoing geological studies indicate that such a simplification does not do justice to the complex tectonic boundary between the South American and Caribbean plates.", "sentence_answer": "The Andes range is about 200 km (124 mi) wide throughout its length, except in the Bolivian flexure where it is about <hl> 640 kilometres <hl> (398 mi) wide.", "paragraph_id": "5d65976b2b22cd4dfcfbca44"}
{"question": "what is the meaning of the abbreviation NCH?", "paragraph": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "answer": "National Coalition for the Homeless", "sentence": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the National Coalition for the Homeless (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. <hl> In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "paragraph_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the <hl> National Coalition for the Homeless <hl> (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention. In their report: Hate, Violence, and Death on Mainstreet USA, the NCH reported 386 violent acts committed against homeless persons over the period, among which 155 were lethal. The NCH called those acts hate crimes (they retain the definition of the American Congress). They insist that so called bumfight videos disseminate hate against the homeless and dehumanize them.", "sentence_answer": "In recent years, largely due to the efforts of the <hl> National Coalition for the Homeless <hl> (NCH) and academic researchers, the problem of violence against the homeless has gained national attention.", "paragraph_id": "5d6672fb2b22cd4dfcfbdf58"}
{"question": "Which is the longest of the four streets?", "paragraph": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "answer": "The High", "sentence": "The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. <hl> The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. <hl> The High <hl> (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The High <hl> (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2a2b22cd4dfcfbf626"}
{"question": "In 1973,  what country changed the law of repeated maternal surnames to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children?", "paragraph": "Children take the surnames of both parents, so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\". In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. For instance, the name of the son of the couple in the example above could be either \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" or \"Andr\u00e9s Reyes G\u00f3mez\". Sometimes, for single mothers or when the father would or could not recognize the child, the mother's surname has been used twice: for example, \"Ana Reyes Reyes\". In Spain, however, children with just one parent receive both surnames of that parent, although the order may also be changed. In 1973 in Chile, the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "answer": "Chile", "sentence": "In 1973 in Chile , the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "paragraph_sentence": "Children take the surnames of both parents, so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\". In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. For instance, the name of the son of the couple in the example above could be either \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" or \"Andr\u00e9s Reyes G\u00f3mez\". Sometimes, for single mothers or when the father would or could not recognize the child, the mother's surname has been used twice: for example, \"Ana Reyes Reyes\". In Spain, however, children with just one parent receive both surnames of that parent, although the order may also be changed. <hl> In 1973 in Chile , the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Children take the surnames of both parents, so if the couple above had two children named \"Andr\u00e9s\" and \"Ana\", then their names would be \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" and \"Ana G\u00f3mez Reyes\". In Spain, a 1995 reform in the law allows the parents to choose whether the father's or the mother's surname goes first, although this order must be the same for all their children. For instance, the name of the son of the couple in the example above could be either \"Andr\u00e9s G\u00f3mez Reyes\" or \"Andr\u00e9s Reyes G\u00f3mez\". Sometimes, for single mothers or when the father would or could not recognize the child, the mother's surname has been used twice: for example, \"Ana Reyes Reyes\". In Spain, however, children with just one parent receive both surnames of that parent, although the order may also be changed. In 1973 in <hl> Chile <hl>, the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "sentence_answer": "In 1973 in <hl> Chile <hl> , the law was changed to avoid stigmatizing illegitimate children with the maternal surname repeated.", "paragraph_id": "5d6731dd2b22cd4dfcfbf236"}
{"question": "What percentage is the number of people that took part in 1907 strikes?", "paragraph": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "answer": "26", "sentence": "Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. <hl> Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was 26 percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. <hl> The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "paragraph_answer": "In the aftermath of the failed revolution of 1905\u20137, Bolshevik revolutionaries were forced back into exile in 1908 in Switzerland as well as other anti-Tsarist revolutionaries including the Mensheviks, the Socialist Revolutionaries, and anarchists. Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was <hl> 26 <hl> percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure. The period of 1908 to 1917 was one of dissillusionment in the Bolshevik party over Lenin's leadership, with members opposing him for scandals involving his expropriations and methods of raising money for the party. One important development after the events the 1905-7 revolution was Lenin's endorsement of colonial revolt as a powerful reenforcement to revolution in Europe. This was an original development by Lenin, as prior to the 20th century Marxists did not pay serious attention to colonialism and colonial revolt. Facing leadership challenges from the \"Forward\" group, Lenin usurped the all-Party Congress of the RSDLP in 1912, to seize control of it and make it an exclusively Bolshevik party loyal to his leadership. Almost all the members elected to the party's Central Committee were Leninists while former RDSLP leaders not associated with Bolshevism were removed from office. Lenin remained highly unpopular in the early 1910s, and was so unpopular amongst international socialist movement that by 1914 it considered censoring him.", "sentence_answer": "Membership in both the Bolshevik and Menshevik ranks diminished from 1907 to 1908 and the number of people taking part in strikes in 1907 was <hl> 26 <hl> percent of the figure during the year of the revolution in 1905, it dropped in 1908 to 6 percent of that figure, and in 1910 it was 2 percent of that figure.", "paragraph_id": "5d6813002b22cd4dfcfc0551"}
{"question": "What caused Connecticut to get rid of its tolls in 1988?", "paragraph": "The Interstate highways in the state are Interstate 95 (I-95; the Connecticut Turnpike) traveling southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 traveling southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 traveling north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state. The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I-95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic stopped and paid fixed tolls. A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "answer": "A series of terrible crashes", "sentence": "A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Interstate highways in the state are Interstate 95 (I-95; the Connecticut Turnpike) traveling southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 traveling southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 traveling north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state. The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I-95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic stopped and paid fixed tolls. <hl> A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. <hl> Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "paragraph_answer": "The Interstate highways in the state are Interstate 95 (I-95; the Connecticut Turnpike) traveling southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 traveling southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 traveling north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 traveling north to south near the eastern border of the state. The other major highways in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut Route 15 (Route 15), traveling from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and traveling parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin. I-95 and Route 15 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic stopped and paid fixed tolls. <hl> A series of terrible crashes <hl> at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988. Other major arteries in the state include U.S. Route 7 (US 7) in the west traveling parallel to the New York state line, Route 8 farther east near the industrial city of Waterbury and traveling north\u2013south along the Naugatuck River Valley nearly parallel with US 7, and Connecticut Route 9 in the east.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> A series of terrible crashes <hl> at these plazas eventually contributed to the decision to remove the tolls in 1988.", "paragraph_id": "5d666b982b22cd4dfcfbde88"}
{"question": "What makes f(x) = x2 different?", "paragraph": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "answer": "codomain is not specified", "sentence": "on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified , and in the other it is a valid definition.", "paragraph_sentence": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 <hl> on the reals does not completely specify a function as the codomain is not specified , and in the other it is a valid definition. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The above definition of \"a function from X to Y\" is generally agreed on,[citation needed] however there are two different ways a \"function\" is normally defined where the domain X and codomain Y are not explicitly or implicitly specified. Usually this is not a problem as the domain and codomain normally will be known. With one definition saying the function defined by f(x) = x2 on the reals does not completely specify a function as the <hl> codomain is not specified <hl>, and in the other it is a valid definition.", "sentence_answer": "on the reals does not completely specify a function as the <hl> codomain is not specified <hl> , and in the other it is a valid definition.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ba802b22cd4dfcfbe475"}
{"question": "Who is the director of the Rotterdam Philharmonic?", "paragraph": "Alongside Porto, Rotterdam was European Capital of Culture in 2001. The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium. The city is home to the Willem de Kooning Academy and Piet Zwart Institute.", "answer": "Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin", "sentence": "The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin ; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities.", "paragraph_sentence": "Alongside Porto, Rotterdam was European Capital of Culture in 2001. <hl> The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin ; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. <hl> A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium. The city is home to the Willem de Kooning Academy and Piet Zwart Institute.", "paragraph_answer": "Alongside Porto, Rotterdam was European Capital of Culture in 2001. The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director <hl> Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin <hl>; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities. A major zoo called Diergaarde Blijdorp is situated at the northwest side of Rotterdam, complete with a walkthrough sea aquarium called the Oceanium. The city is home to the Willem de Kooning Academy and Piet Zwart Institute.", "sentence_answer": "The city has its own orchestra, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, with its well-regarded young music director <hl> Yannick N\u00e9zet-S\u00e9guin <hl> ; a large congress and concert building called De Doelen; several theaters (including the new Luxor) and movie theatres; and the Ahoy Rotterdam complex in the south of the city, which is used for pop concerts, exhibitions, tennis tournaments, and other activities.", "paragraph_id": "5d67b8dd2b22cd4dfcfc0065"}
{"question": "Can there be any infinite number of free variables when a formula appears as a subformula of another for Lkw?", "paragraph": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. In other infinitary logics, a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers. For example, in L\u03ba\u221e, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. Similarly, the logic L\u03ba\u03bb permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "answer": "only finitely", "sentence": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. <hl> In other infinitary logics, a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers. For example, in L\u03ba\u221e, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. Similarly, the logic L\u03ba\u03bb permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "paragraph_answer": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet <hl> only finitely <hl> many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another. In other infinitary logics, a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers. For example, in L\u03ba\u221e, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. Similarly, the logic L\u03ba\u03bb permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than \u03bb variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than \u03ba.", "sentence_answer": "The set of free variables in a formula of L\u03ba\u03c9 can have any cardinality strictly less than \u03ba, yet <hl> only finitely <hl> many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another.", "paragraph_id": "5d6670372b22cd4dfcfbdefd"}
{"question": "How many prisoners were rescued in a mission in August of 1944", "paragraph": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "answer": "132", "sentence": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. <hl> In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "paragraph_answer": "A total of <hl> 132 <hl> Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "sentence_answer": "A total of <hl> 132 <hl> Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c5752b22cd4dfcfc0194"}
{"question": "What is the ITC?", "paragraph": "Tin is unique among other mineral commodities by the complex \"agreements\" between producer countries and consumer countries dating back to 1921. The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a\ncontinuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985. Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. The ITC supported the price of tin during periods of low prices by buying tin for its buffer stockpile and was able to restrain the price during periods of high prices by selling tin from the stockpile. This was an anti-free-market approach, designed to assure a sufficient flow of tin to consumer countries and a decent profit for producer countries. However, the buffer stockpile was not sufficiently large, and during most of those 29 years tin prices rose, sometimes sharply, especially from 1973 through 1980 when rampant inflation plagued many world economies.", "answer": "the International Tin Council", "sentence": "Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices.", "paragraph_sentence": "Tin is unique among other mineral commodities by the complex \"agreements\" between producer countries and consumer countries dating back to 1921. The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985. <hl> Through this series of agreements, the International Tin Council (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. <hl> The ITC supported the price of tin during periods of low prices by buying tin for its buffer stockpile and was able to restrain the price during periods of high prices by selling tin from the stockpile. This was an anti-free-market approach, designed to assure a sufficient flow of tin to consumer countries and a decent profit for producer countries. However, the buffer stockpile was not sufficiently large, and during most of those 29 years tin prices rose, sometimes sharply, especially from 1973 through 1980 when rampant inflation plagued many world economies.", "paragraph_answer": "Tin is unique among other mineral commodities by the complex \"agreements\" between producer countries and consumer countries dating back to 1921. The earlier agreements tended to be somewhat informal and sporadic; they led to the \"First International Tin Agreement\" in 1956, the first of a continuously numbered series that essentially collapsed in 1985. Through this series of agreements, <hl> the International Tin Council <hl> (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices. The ITC supported the price of tin during periods of low prices by buying tin for its buffer stockpile and was able to restrain the price during periods of high prices by selling tin from the stockpile. This was an anti-free-market approach, designed to assure a sufficient flow of tin to consumer countries and a decent profit for producer countries. However, the buffer stockpile was not sufficiently large, and during most of those 29 years tin prices rose, sometimes sharply, especially from 1973 through 1980 when rampant inflation plagued many world economies.", "sentence_answer": "Through this series of agreements, <hl> the International Tin Council <hl> (ITC) had a considerable effect on tin prices.", "paragraph_id": "5d68969c2b22cd4dfcfc3c8e"}
{"question": "How might have Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of Latin?", "paragraph": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "answer": "vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own", "sentence": "As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own , there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> As vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own , there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. <hl> On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "paragraph_answer": "As <hl> vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own <hl>, there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically. On the contrary, Romanized European populations developed their own dialects of the language. The Decline of the Roman Empire meant a deterioration in educational standards that brought about Late Latin, a post-classical stage of the language seen in Christian writings of the time. This language was more in line with the everyday speech not only because of a decline in education, but also because of a desire to spread the word to the masses.", "sentence_answer": "As <hl> vernacular Latin was free to develop on its own <hl> , there is no reason to suppose that the speech was uniform either diachronically or geographically.", "paragraph_id": "5d6642e42b22cd4dfcfbdb9e"}
{"question": "Who was the Hall of Fame running back that led Pitt's football team's national championship season?", "paragraph": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "answer": "Tony Dorsett", "sentence": "In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. <hl> In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back Tony Dorsett and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. <hl> In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1966, Pitt was designated by Pennsylvania as a state-related university. As such, Pitt receives public funds ($185.4 million in fiscal year 2011) covering about 9% of its operating budget, and offers reduced tuition to Pennsylvania residents. Pitt retains independent control, but is typically categorized as a public university. Upon affiliation with the state, subsidized tuition led to a massive influx of new students and rapid expansion of Pitt's size and scope. In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back <hl> Tony Dorsett <hl> and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino. In the 1980s, significant medical research in the field of organ transplantation was conducted by Thomas Starzl, establishing Pitt as the world leader in the field of organ transplantation. In 1991, chancellor Wesley Posvar retired after 24 years in office. His administration is best known for elimination of the university's debt from its 1960s financial crisis and for increasing the school's prestige and endowment. Under Posvar, Pitt's operating budget grew sevenfold to $630 million and its endowment tripled to $257 million.", "sentence_answer": "In the 1970s, Pitt's football team returned to greatness with a national championship season in 1976 led by Hall of Fame running back <hl> Tony Dorsett <hl> and continued success in the 1980s with players such as Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino.", "paragraph_id": "5d682d3c2b22cd4dfcfc063a"}
{"question": "Who died in 1953, giving rise to Khrushchev's rule in the Ussr?", "paragraph": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "answer": "Stalin", "sentence": "With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> With the death of Stalin in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. <hl> Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "paragraph_answer": "With the death of <hl> Stalin <hl> in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny. Gulag forced labour camps were dismantled. Anti-Stalinist figures such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn were allowed the freedom to criticise Stalin. The cult of personality associated with Stalin was eliminated. Stalinists were removed from office. Khrushchev ended Stalin's policy of Socialism in One Country and committed the Soviet Union to actively support communist revolution throughout the world. The policies of de-Stalinisation were promoted as an attempt to restore the legacy of Lenin. The death of Stalin, however did not result in the end of the Cold War. The conflict continued and escalated.", "sentence_answer": "With the death of <hl> Stalin <hl> in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev gradually ascended to power in the Soviet Union and announced a radical policy of de-Stalinisation of the Communist Party and the country, condemning Stalin for excesses and tyranny.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8432b22cd4dfcfbe854"}
{"question": "When you change the interface language, what happens in apps like Mail?", "paragraph": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "answer": "changes the language", "sentence": "Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop).", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. <hl> Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). <hl> The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location. The PC Settings app in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 also includes a counterpart settings page for this. Changing the interface language also <hl> changes the language <hl> of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop). The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets.", "sentence_answer": "Changing the interface language also <hl> changes the language <hl> of preinstalled Windows Store apps (such as Mail, Maps and News) and certain other Microsoft-developed apps (such as Remote Desktop).", "paragraph_id": "5d6712582b22cd4dfcfbedf6"}
{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbedcb"}
{"question": "How many civilians were killed due to Germany invading the Netherlands?", "paragraph": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "answer": "900", "sentence": "Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier.", "paragraph_sentence": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. <hl> Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. <hl> The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "paragraph_answer": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and <hl> 900 <hl> were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "sentence_answer": "Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and <hl> 900 <hl> were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ffb72b22cd4dfcfbe9d0"}
{"question": "What was Samuel Brannan's occupation?", "paragraph": "The California Gold Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma, in the western foothills of the Sierra. On January 24, 1848 James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill Marshall was building for Sutter on the American River. Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold, shouting \"Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!\"", "answer": "newspaper publisher", "sentence": "Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan.", "paragraph_sentence": "The California Gold Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma, in the western foothills of the Sierra. On January 24, 1848 James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill Marshall was building for Sutter on the American River. <hl> Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Samuel Brannan. <hl> Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold, shouting \"Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!\"", "paragraph_answer": "The California Gold Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma, in the western foothills of the Sierra. On January 24, 1848 James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill Marshall was building for Sutter on the American River. Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco <hl> newspaper publisher <hl> and merchant Samuel Brannan. Brannan strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of gold, shouting \"Gold! Gold! Gold from the American River!\"", "sentence_answer": "Rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848 by San Francisco <hl> newspaper publisher <hl> and merchant Samuel Brannan.", "paragraph_id": "5d67084b2b22cd4dfcfbeb69"}
{"question": "Can you convert them perfectly, to be used on screen?", "paragraph": "The exact red, white, and blue colors to be used in the flag are specified with reference to the CAUS Standard Color Reference of America, 10th edition. Specifically, the colors are \"White\",  \"Old Glory Red\", and \"Old Glory Blue\". The CIE coordinates for the colors of the 9th edition of the Standard Color Card were formally specified in JOSA in 1946. These colors form the standard for cloth, and there is no perfect way to convert them to RGB for display on screen or CMYK for printing. The \"relative\" coordinates in the following table were found by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's \"white\".", "answer": "there is no perfect way to convert them", "sentence": "These colors form the standard for cloth, and there is no perfect way to convert them to RGB for display on screen or CMYK for printing.", "paragraph_sentence": "The exact red, white, and blue colors to be used in the flag are specified with reference to the CAUS Standard Color Reference of America, 10th edition. Specifically, the colors are \"White\", \"Old Glory Red\", and \"Old Glory Blue\". The CIE coordinates for the colors of the 9th edition of the Standard Color Card were formally specified in JOSA in 1946. <hl> These colors form the standard for cloth, and there is no perfect way to convert them to RGB for display on screen or CMYK for printing. <hl> The \"relative\" coordinates in the following table were found by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's \"white\".", "paragraph_answer": "The exact red, white, and blue colors to be used in the flag are specified with reference to the CAUS Standard Color Reference of America, 10th edition. Specifically, the colors are \"White\", \"Old Glory Red\", and \"Old Glory Blue\". The CIE coordinates for the colors of the 9th edition of the Standard Color Card were formally specified in JOSA in 1946. These colors form the standard for cloth, and <hl> there is no perfect way to convert them <hl> to RGB for display on screen or CMYK for printing. The \"relative\" coordinates in the following table were found by scaling the luminous reflectance relative to the flag's \"white\".", "sentence_answer": "These colors form the standard for cloth, and <hl> there is no perfect way to convert them <hl> to RGB for display on screen or CMYK for printing.", "paragraph_id": "5d666efa2b22cd4dfcfbdeda"}
{"question": "Which Inca sites that can never be found by the Spaniards?", "paragraph": "Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity and civil wars, in 1532 the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands of allies from nations they had subjugated (e.g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Ca\u00f1aris) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro. One of the few Inca sites the Spanish never found in their conquest was Machu Picchu, which lay hidden on a peak on the eastern edge of the Andes where they descend to the Amazon. The main surviving languages of the Andean peoples are those of the Quechua and Aymara language families. Woodbine Parish and Joseph Barclay Pentland surveyed a large part of the Bolivian Andes from 1826 to 1827.", "answer": "Machu Picchu", "sentence": "One of the few Inca sites the Spanish never found in their conquest was Machu Picchu , which lay hidden on a peak on the eastern edge of the Andes where they descend to the Amazon.", "paragraph_sentence": "Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity and civil wars, in 1532 the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands of allies from nations they had subjugated (e.g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Ca\u00f1aris) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro. <hl> One of the few Inca sites the Spanish never found in their conquest was Machu Picchu , which lay hidden on a peak on the eastern edge of the Andes where they descend to the Amazon. <hl> The main surviving languages of the Andean peoples are those of the Quechua and Aymara language families. Woodbine Parish and Joseph Barclay Pentland surveyed a large part of the Bolivian Andes from 1826 to 1827.", "paragraph_answer": "Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity and civil wars, in 1532 the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands of allies from nations they had subjugated (e.g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Ca\u00f1aris) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro. One of the few Inca sites the Spanish never found in their conquest was <hl> Machu Picchu <hl>, which lay hidden on a peak on the eastern edge of the Andes where they descend to the Amazon. The main surviving languages of the Andean peoples are those of the Quechua and Aymara language families. Woodbine Parish and Joseph Barclay Pentland surveyed a large part of the Bolivian Andes from 1826 to 1827.", "sentence_answer": "One of the few Inca sites the Spanish never found in their conquest was <hl> Machu Picchu <hl> , which lay hidden on a peak on the eastern edge of the Andes where they descend to the Amazon.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609d72b22cd4dfcfbd688"}
{"question": "What year do most agree feminism began?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl>, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963 <hl> , when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712412b22cd4dfcfbed83"}
{"question": "In case of projection functions of ordered pair, how many predicate symbols of arity 2 are enough?", "paragraph": "It is also possible to restrict the arities of function symbols and predicate symbols, in sufficiently expressive theories. One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than 2 and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function. This is a function of arity 2 that takes pairs of elements of the domain and returns an ordered pair containing them. It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. In either case it is necessary that the natural axioms for a pairing function and its projections are satisfied.", "answer": "two", "sentence": "It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components.", "paragraph_sentence": "It is also possible to restrict the arities of function symbols and predicate symbols, in sufficiently expressive theories. One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than 2 and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function. This is a function of arity 2 that takes pairs of elements of the domain and returns an ordered pair containing them. <hl> It is also sufficient to have two predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. <hl> In either case it is necessary that the natural axioms for a pairing function and its projections are satisfied.", "paragraph_answer": "It is also possible to restrict the arities of function symbols and predicate symbols, in sufficiently expressive theories. One can in principle dispense entirely with functions of arity greater than 2 and predicates of arity greater than 1 in theories that include a pairing function. This is a function of arity 2 that takes pairs of elements of the domain and returns an ordered pair containing them. It is also sufficient to have <hl> two <hl> predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components. In either case it is necessary that the natural axioms for a pairing function and its projections are satisfied.", "sentence_answer": "It is also sufficient to have <hl> two <hl> predicate symbols of arity 2 that define projection functions from an ordered pair to its components.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ebbf2b22cd4dfcfbe54e"}
{"question": "How long has The Sunday Times been under common ownship?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper. It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK, which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966. They were bought by News International in 1981.", "answer": "since 1966", "sentence": "The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper. It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK, which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. <hl> The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966 . <hl> They were bought by News International in 1981.", "paragraph_answer": "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national \"quality\" Sunday newspaper. It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News UK, which is in turn owned by News Corp. Times Newspapers also publishes The Times. The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only <hl> since 1966 <hl>. They were bought by News International in 1981.", "sentence_answer": "The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only <hl> since 1966 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6828882b22cd4dfcfc0609"}
{"question": "What was the nickname given to the Xbox One software?", "paragraph": "Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. It is a more specific implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system, a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications.\nMicrosoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. The Windows 10-based Core had replaced the Windows 8-based one in this update, and the new system is sometimes referred to as \"Windows 10 on Xbox One\" or \"OneCore\". \nXbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "answer": "Xbox OS", "sentence": "Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. <hl> It is a more specific implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system, a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications. Microsoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. The Windows 10-based Core had replaced the Windows 8-based one in this update, and the new system is sometimes referred to as \"Windows 10 on Xbox One\" or \"OneCore\". Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Xbox OS <hl> is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. It is a more specific implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system, a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications. Microsoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. The Windows 10-based Core had replaced the Windows 8-based one in this update, and the new system is sometimes referred to as \"Windows 10 on Xbox One\" or \"OneCore\". Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Xbox OS <hl> is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One.", "paragraph_id": "5d672bda2b22cd4dfcfbf183"}
{"question": "What is a well known New York City public high school?", "paragraph": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School, Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. Bard High School Early College, a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "answer": "Beacon High School", "sentence": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School , Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as Beacon High School , Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. <hl> Bard High School Early College, a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "paragraph_answer": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as <hl> Beacon High School <hl>, Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan. Bard High School Early College, a hybrid school created by Bard College, serves students from around the city.", "sentence_answer": "Some of the best-known New York City public high schools, such as <hl> Beacon High School <hl> , Stuyvesant High School, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School, High School of Fashion Industries, Eleanor Roosevelt High School, NYC Lab School, Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics, Hunter College High School and High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College are located in Manhattan.", "paragraph_id": "5d67a5392b22cd4dfcfbfeec"}
{"question": "What did the patent cover?", "paragraph": "Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s,  Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass. Although the instruments transposed at either F or C have been considered \"orchestral\", there is no evidence that Sax intended this. As only 3 percent of Sax's surviving production were pitched in F and C, and as contemporary composers used the E\u266d alto and B\u266d bass saxophone freely in orchestral music, it is almost certain that Sax experimented to find the most suitable keys for these instruments, settling upon instruments alternating between E\u266d and B\u266d rather than those pitched in F or C, for reasons of tone and economy (the saxophones were the most expensive wind instruments of their day). The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "answer": "patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each", "sentence": "The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each , and ranging from sopranino to contrabass.", "paragraph_sentence": "Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s, Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. <hl> The patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each , and ranging from sopranino to contrabass. <hl> Although the instruments transposed at either F or C have been considered \"orchestral\", there is no evidence that Sax intended this. As only 3 percent of Sax's surviving production were pitched in F and C, and as contemporary composers used the E\u266d alto and B\u266d bass saxophone freely in orchestral music, it is almost certain that Sax experimented to find the most suitable keys for these instruments, settling upon instruments alternating between E\u266d and B\u266d rather than those pitched in F or C, for reasons of tone and economy (the saxophones were the most expensive wind instruments of their day). The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "paragraph_answer": "Having constructed saxophones in several sizes in the early 1840s, Sax applied for, and received, a 15-year patent for the instrument on June 28, 1846. The <hl> patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each <hl>, and ranging from sopranino to contrabass. Although the instruments transposed at either F or C have been considered \"orchestral\", there is no evidence that Sax intended this. As only 3 percent of Sax's surviving production were pitched in F and C, and as contemporary composers used the E\u266d alto and B\u266d bass saxophone freely in orchestral music, it is almost certain that Sax experimented to find the most suitable keys for these instruments, settling upon instruments alternating between E\u266d and B\u266d rather than those pitched in F or C, for reasons of tone and economy (the saxophones were the most expensive wind instruments of their day). The C soprano saxophone was the only instrument to sound at concert pitch. All the instruments were given an initial written range from the B below the treble staff to the F, one space above the three ledger lines above staff, giving each saxophone a range of two and a half octaves.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> patent encompassed 14 versions of the fundamental design, split into two categories of seven instruments each <hl> , and ranging from sopranino to contrabass.", "paragraph_id": "5d674d9d2b22cd4dfcfbf5bf"}
{"question": "What is surname in the western hemisphere synonymous with?", "paragraph": "A surname or family name is a name added to a given name. In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define \"surname\" as a synonym of \"family name\". In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name.", "answer": "last name", "sentence": "In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name.", "paragraph_sentence": "A surname or family name is a name added to a given name. In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define \"surname\" as a synonym of \"family name\". <hl> In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A surname or family name is a name added to a given name. In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define \"surname\" as a synonym of \"family name\". In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with <hl> last name <hl> because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name.", "sentence_answer": "In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with <hl> last name <hl> because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ecda2b22cd4dfcfc03fd"}
{"question": "What sources are the natural products found in that polketides compromise?", "paragraph": "Polyketides are synthesized by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits by classic enzymes as well as iterative and multimodular enzymes that share mechanistic features with the fatty acid synthases. They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity. Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. Many commonly used anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and anti-cancer agents are polyketides or polyketide derivatives, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, avermectins, and antitumor epothilones.", "answer": "animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources", "sentence": "They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources , and have great structural diversity.", "paragraph_sentence": "Polyketides are synthesized by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits by classic enzymes as well as iterative and multimodular enzymes that share mechanistic features with the fatty acid synthases. <hl> They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources , and have great structural diversity. <hl> Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. Many commonly used anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and anti-cancer agents are polyketides or polyketide derivatives, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, avermectins, and antitumor epothilones.", "paragraph_answer": "Polyketides are synthesized by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits by classic enzymes as well as iterative and multimodular enzymes that share mechanistic features with the fatty acid synthases. They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from <hl> animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources <hl>, and have great structural diversity. Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. Many commonly used anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and anti-cancer agents are polyketides or polyketide derivatives, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, avermectins, and antitumor epothilones.", "sentence_answer": "They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from <hl> animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources <hl> , and have great structural diversity.", "paragraph_id": "5d6748ab2b22cd4dfcfbf4ee"}
{"question": "How many people live in each square mile of this place, on average?", "paragraph": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "answer": "37,345", "sentence": "There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2).", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. <hl> There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of 37,345 per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). <hl> As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan offers a wide array of public and private housing options. There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of <hl> 37,345 <hl> per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2). As of 2003[update], only 20.3% of Manhattan residents lived in owner-occupied housing, the second-lowest rate of all counties in the nation, behind the Bronx. Although the city of New York has the highest average cost for rent in the United States, it simultaneously hosts a higher average of income per capita. Because of this, rent is a lower percentage of annual income than in several other American cities.", "sentence_answer": "There were 852,575 housing units in 2013 at an average density of <hl> 37,345 <hl> per square mile (14,419/km\u00b2).", "paragraph_id": "5d673bc22b22cd4dfcfbf383"}
{"question": "What have London pirate radio stations been instrumental in?", "paragraph": "The BBC's \"urban\" station BBC Radio 1Xtra used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29/08/2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates. The network also organises a week-long tour of the UK each year called Xtra Bass. London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in the development of Drum and Bass, with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only Drum and Bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal license), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax Fm and Eruption among the most influential.", "answer": "development of Drum and Bass", "sentence": "London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in the development of Drum and Bass , with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only Drum and Bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal license), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax Fm and Eruption among the most influential.", "paragraph_sentence": "The BBC's \"urban\" station BBC Radio 1Xtra used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29/08/2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates. The network also organises a week-long tour of the UK each year called Xtra Bass. <hl> London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in the development of Drum and Bass , with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only Drum and Bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal license), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax Fm and Eruption among the most influential. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The BBC's \"urban\" station BBC Radio 1Xtra used to feature the genre heavily, with DJ Bailey (show axed as of 29/08/2012) and Crissy Criss (show axed as of August 2014) as its advocates. The network also organises a week-long tour of the UK each year called Xtra Bass. London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in the <hl> development of Drum and Bass <hl>, with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only Drum and Bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal license), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax Fm and Eruption among the most influential.", "sentence_answer": "London pirate radio stations have been instrumental in the <hl> development of Drum and Bass <hl> , with stations such as Kool FM (which continues to broadcast today having done so since 1991), Origin FM, Don FM (the only Drum and Bass pirate to have gained a temporary legal license), Renegade Radio 107.2FM, Rude FM, Wax Fm and Eruption among the most influential.", "paragraph_id": "5d66706d2b22cd4dfcfbdf08"}
{"question": "The Soviet legislatures were the Soviet of the Union and what else?", "paragraph": "Political developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included Stalin dismantling the remaining elements of democracy from the Party by extending his control over its institutions and eliminating any possible rivals. The Party's ranks grew in numbers with the Party modifying its organisation to include more trade unions and factories. In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of eighteen. The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of 1917 remained in the Party. Unquestioning loyalty to Stalin was expected by the regime of all citizens.", "answer": "Soviet of the Nationalities", "sentence": "The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole.", "paragraph_sentence": "Political developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included Stalin dismantling the remaining elements of democracy from the Party by extending his control over its institutions and eliminating any possible rivals. The Party's ranks grew in numbers with the Party modifying its organisation to include more trade unions and factories. In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of eighteen. <hl> The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the Soviet of the Nationalities \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. <hl> By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of 1917 remained in the Party. Unquestioning loyalty to Stalin was expected by the regime of all citizens.", "paragraph_answer": "Political developments in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1941 included Stalin dismantling the remaining elements of democracy from the Party by extending his control over its institutions and eliminating any possible rivals. The Party's ranks grew in numbers with the Party modifying its organisation to include more trade unions and factories. In 1936, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution that ended weighted voting preference for workers as in its previous constitutions, and created universal suffrage for all people over the age of eighteen. The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the <hl> Soviet of the Nationalities <hl> \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole. By 1939, with the exception of Stalin himself, none of the original Bolsheviks of the October Revolution of 1917 remained in the Party. Unquestioning loyalty to Stalin was expected by the regime of all citizens.", "sentence_answer": "The 1936 Constitution also split the Soviets into two legislatures, the Soviet of the Union \u2013 representing electoral districts, and the <hl> Soviet of the Nationalities <hl> \u2013 that represented the ethnic makeup of the country as a whole.", "paragraph_id": "5d6722e32b22cd4dfcfbf028"}
{"question": "Who was the mother of the feminism movement?", "paragraph": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "answer": "\"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan", "sentence": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_sentence": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. <hl> The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. <hl> The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "paragraph_answer": "Though it is widely accepted that the movement lasted from the 1960s into the early 1980s, the exact years of the movement are more difficult to pinpoint and are often disputed. The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality. The report, which revealed great discrimination against women in American life, along with Friedan's book, which spoke to the discontent of many women (especially housewives), led to the formation of many local, state, and federal government women's groups as well as many independent feminist organizations. Friedan was referencing a \"movement\" as early as 1964.", "sentence_answer": "The movement is usually believed to have begun in 1963, when <hl> \"Mother of the Movement\" Betty Friedan <hl> published The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women released its report on gender inequality.", "paragraph_id": "5d6712432b22cd4dfcfbeda6"}
{"question": "On what date was Manhattan abandoned by the Continental Army?", "paragraph": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "answer": "November 16, 1776", "sentence": "The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. <hl> The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16, 1776 . <hl> The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "paragraph_answer": "Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on <hl> November 16, 1776 <hl>. The city became the British political and military center of operations in North America for the remainder of the war. Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed. British occupation lasted until November 25, 1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city.", "sentence_answer": "The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on <hl> November 16, 1776 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6701092b22cd4dfcfbea00"}
{"question": "When did Sabiha Gokcen International airport begin operations?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast.  Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "answer": "2001", "sentence": "Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. <hl> Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. <hl> Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast. Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in <hl> 2001 <hl> to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast. Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "sentence_answer": "Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in <hl> 2001 <hl> to relieve Atat\u00fcrk.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609472b22cd4dfcfbd67d"}
{"question": "When was the refracting telescope invented?", "paragraph": "Lenses came into widespread use in Europe with the invention of spectacles, probably in Italy in the 1280s. This was the start of the optical industry of grinding and polishing lenses for spectacles, first in Venice and Florence in the thirteenth century, and later in the spectacle-making centres in both the Netherlands and Germany. Spectacle makers created improved types of lenses for the correction of vision based more on empirical knowledge gained from observing the effects of the lenses (probably without the knowledge of the rudimentary optical theory of the day). The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595, and the refracting telescope in 1608, both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands.", "answer": "1608", "sentence": "The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595, and the refracting telescope in 1608 , both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_sentence": "Lenses came into widespread use in Europe with the invention of spectacles, probably in Italy in the 1280s. This was the start of the optical industry of grinding and polishing lenses for spectacles, first in Venice and Florence in the thirteenth century, and later in the spectacle-making centres in both the Netherlands and Germany. Spectacle makers created improved types of lenses for the correction of vision based more on empirical knowledge gained from observing the effects of the lenses (probably without the knowledge of the rudimentary optical theory of the day). <hl> The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595, and the refracting telescope in 1608 , both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Lenses came into widespread use in Europe with the invention of spectacles, probably in Italy in the 1280s. This was the start of the optical industry of grinding and polishing lenses for spectacles, first in Venice and Florence in the thirteenth century, and later in the spectacle-making centres in both the Netherlands and Germany. Spectacle makers created improved types of lenses for the correction of vision based more on empirical knowledge gained from observing the effects of the lenses (probably without the knowledge of the rudimentary optical theory of the day). The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595, and the refracting telescope in <hl> 1608 <hl>, both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands.", "sentence_answer": "The practical development and experimentation with lenses led to the invention of the compound optical microscope around 1595, and the refracting telescope in <hl> 1608 <hl> , both of which appeared in the spectacle-making centres in the Netherlands.", "paragraph_id": "5d6768722b22cd4dfcfbfa56"}
{"question": "Who were the winners of the Presidential election of 2012?", "paragraph": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "answer": "Obama and Biden", "sentence": "Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden .", "paragraph_sentence": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. <hl> Romney and Ryan were defeated by Obama and Biden . <hl> In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "paragraph_answer": "In the Presidential election of 2012, the Republican nominees were former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts for President, and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin for Vice President. The Democrats nominated incumbents Barack Obama and Joe Biden. The campaign focused largely on the Affordable Care Act and President Obama's stewardship of the economy, with the country facing high unemployment numbers and a rising national debt four years after his first election. Romney and Ryan were defeated by <hl> Obama and Biden <hl>. In addition, in the November congressional elections, while Republicans lost 7 seats in the House, they retained control. However, Republicans were not able to gain control of the Senate, continuing their minority status with a net loss of 2 seats.", "sentence_answer": "Romney and Ryan were defeated by <hl> Obama and Biden <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6733bb2b22cd4dfcfbf26e"}
{"question": "When did Sax's patent expire?", "paragraph": "Sax's patent expired in 1866; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "answer": "Sax's patent expired in 1866", "sentence": "Sax's patent expired in 1866 ; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Sax's patent expired in 1866 ; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. <hl> The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Sax's patent expired in 1866 <hl>; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork. The first substantial modification was by a French manufacturer who extended the bell slightly and added an extra key to extend the range downwards by one semitone to B\u266d. It is suspected that Sax himself may have attempted this modification. This extension is now commonplace in almost all modern designs, along with other minor changes such as added keys for alternate fingerings. Using alternate fingerings will allow the player to play easily and as fast as they can. The player may also use alternate fingerings to bend the pitch. Some of the alternate fingerings are good for trilling, scales, and big interval jumps.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Sax's patent expired in 1866 <hl> ; thereafter, numerous saxophonists and instrument manufacturers implemented their own improvements to the design and keywork.", "paragraph_id": "5d6750ac2b22cd4dfcfbf692"}
{"question": "What traits should be amplified in a system of government rearranged in a decentralized manner?", "paragraph": "Participation\nIn decentralization the principle of subsidiarity is often invoked. It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "answer": "overall quality and effectiveness", "sentence": "According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "Participation In decentralization the principle of subsidiarity is often invoked. It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. <hl> According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the overall quality and effectiveness of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Participation In decentralization the principle of subsidiarity is often invoked. It holds that the lowest or least centralized authority which is capable of addressing an issue effectively should do so. According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the <hl> overall quality and effectiveness <hl> of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "sentence_answer": "According to one definition: \"Decentralization, or decentralizing governance, refers to the restructuring or reorganization of authority so that there is a system of co-responsibility between institutions of governance at the central, regional and local levels according to the principle of subsidiarity, thus increasing the <hl> overall quality and effectiveness <hl> of the system of governance, while increasing the authority and capacities of sub-national levels.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d65f07c2b22cd4dfcfbd345"}
{"question": "What areas can increased spending result in jobs?", "paragraph": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs. Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "answer": "infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs", "sentence": "Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs .", "paragraph_sentence": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. <hl> Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs . <hl> Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "paragraph_answer": "Liberals typically argue for government action or partnership with the private sector to improve job creation. Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on <hl> infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs <hl>. Liberals historically supported labor unions and protectionist trade policies. Liberals tend to be less concerned with budget deficits and debt and have a higher tolerance for inflation or currency devaluation to improve trade competitiveness, as a weaker currency makes exports relatively less expensive. During recessions, liberals generally advocate solutions based on Keynesian economics, which argues for additional government spending when the private sector is unable or unwilling to support sufficient levels of economic growth.", "sentence_answer": "Typical proposals involve stimulus spending on <hl> infrastructure construction, clean energy investment, unemployment compensation, educational loan assistance, and retraining programs <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fb232b22cd4dfcfbe8d5"}
{"question": "Why in the western hemisphere is surname commonly used with last name?", "paragraph": "A surname or family name is a name added to a given name. In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define \"surname\" as a synonym of \"family name\". In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name.", "answer": "because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name", "sentence": "In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name .", "paragraph_sentence": "A surname or family name is a name added to a given name. In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define \"surname\" as a synonym of \"family name\". <hl> In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "A surname or family name is a name added to a given name. In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define \"surname\" as a synonym of \"family name\". In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name <hl> because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name <hl> because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67ecda2b22cd4dfcfc03ff"}
{"question": "What did the King Fire take place?", "paragraph": "There are still a number of issues facing the Sierra Nevada that threaten its conservation. Logging occurs on both private and public lands, with controversial clearcut methods used on private lands and more science-based thinning logging on public lands. Grazing occurs on private lands as well on National Forest lands, which includes Wilderness areas. Overgrazing can alter hydrologic processes and vegetation composition, remove vegetation that serves as food and habitat for native species, and contribute to sedimentation and pollution in waterways. A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest, has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada.", "answer": "El Dorado National Forest", "sentence": "A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest , has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are still a number of issues facing the Sierra Nevada that threaten its conservation. Logging occurs on both private and public lands, with controversial clearcut methods used on private lands and more science-based thinning logging on public lands. Grazing occurs on private lands as well on National Forest lands, which includes Wilderness areas. Overgrazing can alter hydrologic processes and vegetation composition, remove vegetation that serves as food and habitat for native species, and contribute to sedimentation and pollution in waterways. <hl> A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the El Dorado National Forest , has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are still a number of issues facing the Sierra Nevada that threaten its conservation. Logging occurs on both private and public lands, with controversial clearcut methods used on private lands and more science-based thinning logging on public lands. Grazing occurs on private lands as well on National Forest lands, which includes Wilderness areas. Overgrazing can alter hydrologic processes and vegetation composition, remove vegetation that serves as food and habitat for native species, and contribute to sedimentation and pollution in waterways. A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the <hl> El Dorado National Forest <hl>, has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada.", "sentence_answer": "A recent increase in large-scale catastrophic wildfire like the Rim Fire in Yosemite National Park and the Stanislaus National Forest and the King Fire on the <hl> El Dorado National Forest <hl> , has prompted concerns about losing large tracts of conifer forest across the Sierra Nevada.", "paragraph_id": "5d677ac02b22cd4dfcfbfd00"}
{"question": "When was the successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia?", "paragraph": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "answer": "1924", "sentence": "However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924 , resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "paragraph_sentence": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. <hl> However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924 , resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in <hl> 1924 <hl>, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "sentence_answer": "However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in <hl> 1924 <hl> , resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6817132b22cd4dfcfc059f"}
{"question": "In what year was Windows Vista released for consumers?", "paragraph": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007, for consumers. It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features. It was available in a number of different editions, and has been subject to some criticism, such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008.", "answer": "2007", "sentence": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007 , for consumers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, 2007 , for consumers. <hl> It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features. It was available in a number of different editions, and has been subject to some criticism, such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008.", "paragraph_answer": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, <hl> 2007 <hl>, for consumers. It contained a number of new features, from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes, with a particular focus on security features. It was available in a number of different editions, and has been subject to some criticism, such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server 2008 was released in early 2008.", "sentence_answer": "After a lengthy development process, Windows Vista was released on November 30, 2006, for volume licensing and January 30, <hl> 2007 <hl> , for consumers.", "paragraph_id": "5d67158b2b22cd4dfcfbee95"}
{"question": "Name 7 countries where the revolution of Communism took place in the Americas.", "paragraph": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay. In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union. American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "answer": "Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay", "sentence": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay . <hl> In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union. American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "paragraph_answer": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in <hl> Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay <hl>. In Cuba in 1959, forces led by Fidel Castro and Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista and established a communist regime there with ties to the Soviet Union. American attempts to overthrow the Castro regime with the failed Bay of Pigs invasion by Cuban exiles supported by the CIA failed. Shortly afterwards, a diplomatic dispute erupted when the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles placed in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban missile crisis. The standoff between the two superpowers was resolved by the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its nuclear missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States removing its nuclear missiles from Turkey. Bolivia faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution in the 1960s that included Che Guevara as a leader until being killed there by government forces. Uruguay faced Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution from the Tupamaros movement from the 1960s to the 1970s. A brief dramatic episode of Marxist\u2013Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist\u2013Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de lib\u00e9ration du Qu\u00e9bec (FLQ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec. The Canadian government in response issued a crackdown on the FLQ and suspended civil liberties in Quebec, forcing the FLQ leadership to flee to exile in Cuba where the Cuban government accepted their entry. Daniel Ortega of the Marxist\u2013Leninist movement called the Sandinista National Liberation Front seized power in Nicaragua in 1979 and faced armed opposition from the Contras supported by the United States. The United States launched military intervention in Grenada to prevent the establishment of a Marxist\u2013Leninist regime there. The Salvadoran Civil War from 1980 to 1992 involved Marxist\u2013Leninist rebels fighting against El Salvador's right-wing government.", "sentence_answer": "Communist revolution erupted in the Americas in this period, including revolutions in <hl> Bolivia, Cuba, El Salvador, Grenada, Nicaragua, Peru, and Uruguay <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66facc2b22cd4dfcfbe8ca"}
{"question": "What sport does Victory Lights celebrate?", "paragraph": "Traditions related to athletics include the  \"Victory Lights\", where golden flood lights illuminate the top of the Cathedral of Learning after every football victory and select other athletic achievements. The Annual Bonfire and Pep Rally which is hosted by the Pitt Program Council and is held prior to a select football game. Held on the lawn of the Cathedral of Learning, it often involves the band, cheerleaders, football team, visiting dignitaries, and giveaways. Homecoming, which revolves around another home football game each year, includes a traditional fireworks and a laser-light display between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning. This is followed by Casino Night in the union, the football game, and a homecoming cruise on a Gateway Clipper Party Liner. At football games, the \"Football Tunnel\" occurs where student organizations, carrying standards, form a tunnel for the football players to run through as they enter the football field from the locker room; The Varsity Walk, a walkway between the Cathedral of Learning and Heinz Memorial Chapel, is carved each year the names of former Pitt athletes (each year since 1950) who have promoted the University through their athletic (Panther Award) or academic (Blue-Gold Award) achievements.", "answer": "football", "sentence": "Traditions related to athletics include the  \"Victory Lights\", where golden flood lights illuminate the top of the Cathedral of Learning after every football victory and select other athletic achievements.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Traditions related to athletics include the \"Victory Lights\", where golden flood lights illuminate the top of the Cathedral of Learning after every football victory and select other athletic achievements. <hl> The Annual Bonfire and Pep Rally which is hosted by the Pitt Program Council and is held prior to a select football game. Held on the lawn of the Cathedral of Learning, it often involves the band, cheerleaders, football team, visiting dignitaries, and giveaways. Homecoming, which revolves around another home football game each year, includes a traditional fireworks and a laser-light display between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning. This is followed by Casino Night in the union, the football game, and a homecoming cruise on a Gateway Clipper Party Liner. At football games, the \"Football Tunnel\" occurs where student organizations, carrying standards, form a tunnel for the football players to run through as they enter the football field from the locker room; The Varsity Walk, a walkway between the Cathedral of Learning and Heinz Memorial Chapel, is carved each year the names of former Pitt athletes (each year since 1950) who have promoted the University through their athletic (Panther Award) or academic (Blue-Gold Award) achievements.", "paragraph_answer": "Traditions related to athletics include the \"Victory Lights\", where golden flood lights illuminate the top of the Cathedral of Learning after every <hl> football <hl> victory and select other athletic achievements. The Annual Bonfire and Pep Rally which is hosted by the Pitt Program Council and is held prior to a select football game. Held on the lawn of the Cathedral of Learning, it often involves the band, cheerleaders, football team, visiting dignitaries, and giveaways. Homecoming, which revolves around another home football game each year, includes a traditional fireworks and a laser-light display between the William Pitt Union and the Cathedral of Learning. This is followed by Casino Night in the union, the football game, and a homecoming cruise on a Gateway Clipper Party Liner. At football games, the \"Football Tunnel\" occurs where student organizations, carrying standards, form a tunnel for the football players to run through as they enter the football field from the locker room; The Varsity Walk, a walkway between the Cathedral of Learning and Heinz Memorial Chapel, is carved each year the names of former Pitt athletes (each year since 1950) who have promoted the University through their athletic (Panther Award) or academic (Blue-Gold Award) achievements.", "sentence_answer": "Traditions related to athletics include the \"Victory Lights\", where golden flood lights illuminate the top of the Cathedral of Learning after every <hl> football <hl> victory and select other athletic achievements.", "paragraph_id": "5d676cb02b22cd4dfcfbfb02"}
{"question": "What year was University of Pittsburgh ranked second overall?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "In 2009 , Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. <hl> In 2009 , Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. <hl> Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In <hl> 2009 <hl>, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 2009 <hl> , Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking.", "paragraph_id": "5d67412f2b22cd4dfcfbf40c"}
{"question": "In what year was the failed Spartacist in Berlin?", "paragraph": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "answer": "1919", "sentence": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919 , and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919 , and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. <hl> These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "paragraph_answer": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in <hl> 1919 <hl>, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "sentence_answer": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in <hl> 1919 <hl> , and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic.", "paragraph_id": "5d6817132b22cd4dfcfc059e"}
{"question": "Who was in control of political decision-making in Europe during colonial times?", "paragraph": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "answer": "aristocratic families and the established church", "sentence": "Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part.", "paragraph_sentence": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. <hl> Unlike Europe, where aristocratic families and the established church were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. <hl> Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "paragraph_answer": "Thirdly, the American colonies were exceptional in the world because of the representation of many different interest groups in political decision-making. Unlike Europe, where <hl> aristocratic families and the established church <hl> were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part. Elected representatives learned to listen to these interests because 90% of the men in the lower houses lived in their districts, unlike England where it was common to have an absentee member of Parliament.", "sentence_answer": "Unlike Europe, where <hl> aristocratic families and the established church <hl> were in control, the American political culture was open to economic, social, religious, ethnic and geographical interests, with merchants, landlords, petty farmers, artisans, Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers, Germans, Scotch Irish, Yankees, Yorkers, and many other identifiable groups taking part.", "paragraph_id": "5d66875a2b22cd4dfcfbe1e5"}
{"question": "What does mutualism involve?", "paragraph": "For Proudhon, mutualism involved creating \"industrial democracy,\" a system where workplaces would be \"handed over to democratically organised workers' associations . . . We want these associations to be models for agriculture, industry and trade, the pioneering core of that vast federation of companies and societies woven into the common cloth of the democratic social Republic.\" He urged \"workers to form themselves into democratic societies, with equal conditions for all members, on pain of a relapse into feudalism.\" This would result in \"Capitalistic and proprietary exploitation, stopped everywhere, the wage system abolished, equal and just exchange guaranteed.\" Workers would no longer sell their labour to a capitalist but rather work for themselves in co-operatives.   Anarcho-communism calls for a confederal form in relationships of mutual aid and free association between communes as an alternative to the centralism of the nation-state. Peter Kropotkin thus suggested that \"Representative government has accomplished its historical mission; it has given a mortal blow to court-rule; and by its debates it has awakened public interest in public questions. But to see in it the government of the future socialist society is to commit a gross error. Each economic phase of life implies its own political phase; and it is impossible to touch the very basis of the present economic life-private property -without a corresponding change in the very basis of the political organization. Life already shows in which direction the change will be made. Not in increasing the powers of the State, but in resorting to free organization and free federation in all those branches which are now considered as attributes of the State.\" When the First Spanish Republic was established in 1873 after the abdication of King Amadeo, the first president, Estanislao Figueras, named Francesc Pi i Margall Minister of the Interior. His acquaintance with Proudhon enabled Pi to warm relations between the Republicans and the socialists in Spain. Pi i Margall became the principal translator of Proudhon's works into Spanish and later briefly became president of Spain in 1873 while being the leader of the Democratic Republican Federal Party. According to George Woodcock \"These translations were to have a profound and lasting effect on the development of Spanish anarchism after 1870, but before that time Proudhonian ideas, as interpreted by Pi, already provided much of the inspiration for the federalist movement which sprang up in the early 1860's.\" According to the Encyclopedia Britannica \"During the Spanish revolution of 1873, Pi y Margall attempted to establish a decentralized, or \u201ccantonalist,\u201d political system on Proudhonian lines.\"", "answer": "\"industrial democracy,\"", "sentence": "For Proudhon, mutualism involved creating \"industrial democracy,\" a system where workplaces would be \"handed over to democratically organised workers' associations . . .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> For Proudhon, mutualism involved creating \"industrial democracy,\" a system where workplaces would be \"handed over to democratically organised workers' associations . . . <hl> We want these associations to be models for agriculture, industry and trade, the pioneering core of that vast federation of companies and societies woven into the common cloth of the democratic social Republic.\" He urged \"workers to form themselves into democratic societies, with equal conditions for all members, on pain of a relapse into feudalism.\" This would result in \"Capitalistic and proprietary exploitation, stopped everywhere, the wage system abolished, equal and just exchange guaranteed.\" Workers would no longer sell their labour to a capitalist but rather work for themselves in co-operatives. Anarcho-communism calls for a confederal form in relationships of mutual aid and free association between communes as an alternative to the centralism of the nation-state. Peter Kropotkin thus suggested that \"Representative government has accomplished its historical mission; it has given a mortal blow to court-rule; and by its debates it has awakened public interest in public questions. But to see in it the government of the future socialist society is to commit a gross error. Each economic phase of life implies its own political phase; and it is impossible to touch the very basis of the present economic life-private property -without a corresponding change in the very basis of the political organization. Life already shows in which direction the change will be made. Not in increasing the powers of the State, but in resorting to free organization and free federation in all those branches which are now considered as attributes of the State.\" When the First Spanish Republic was established in 1873 after the abdication of King Amadeo, the first president, Estanislao Figueras, named Francesc Pi i Margall Minister of the Interior. His acquaintance with Proudhon enabled Pi to warm relations between the Republicans and the socialists in Spain. Pi i Margall became the principal translator of Proudhon's works into Spanish and later briefly became president of Spain in 1873 while being the leader of the Democratic Republican Federal Party. According to George Woodcock \"These translations were to have a profound and lasting effect on the development of Spanish anarchism after 1870, but before that time Proudhonian ideas, as interpreted by Pi, already provided much of the inspiration for the federalist movement which sprang up in the early 1860's.\" According to the Encyclopedia Britannica \"During the Spanish revolution of 1873, Pi y Margall attempted to establish a decentralized, or \u201ccantonalist,\u201d political system on Proudhonian lines.\"", "paragraph_answer": "For Proudhon, mutualism involved creating <hl> \"industrial democracy,\" <hl> a system where workplaces would be \"handed over to democratically organised workers' associations . . . We want these associations to be models for agriculture, industry and trade, the pioneering core of that vast federation of companies and societies woven into the common cloth of the democratic social Republic.\" He urged \"workers to form themselves into democratic societies, with equal conditions for all members, on pain of a relapse into feudalism.\" This would result in \"Capitalistic and proprietary exploitation, stopped everywhere, the wage system abolished, equal and just exchange guaranteed.\" Workers would no longer sell their labour to a capitalist but rather work for themselves in co-operatives. Anarcho-communism calls for a confederal form in relationships of mutual aid and free association between communes as an alternative to the centralism of the nation-state. Peter Kropotkin thus suggested that \"Representative government has accomplished its historical mission; it has given a mortal blow to court-rule; and by its debates it has awakened public interest in public questions. But to see in it the government of the future socialist society is to commit a gross error. Each economic phase of life implies its own political phase; and it is impossible to touch the very basis of the present economic life-private property -without a corresponding change in the very basis of the political organization. Life already shows in which direction the change will be made. Not in increasing the powers of the State, but in resorting to free organization and free federation in all those branches which are now considered as attributes of the State.\" When the First Spanish Republic was established in 1873 after the abdication of King Amadeo, the first president, Estanislao Figueras, named Francesc Pi i Margall Minister of the Interior. His acquaintance with Proudhon enabled Pi to warm relations between the Republicans and the socialists in Spain. Pi i Margall became the principal translator of Proudhon's works into Spanish and later briefly became president of Spain in 1873 while being the leader of the Democratic Republican Federal Party. According to George Woodcock \"These translations were to have a profound and lasting effect on the development of Spanish anarchism after 1870, but before that time Proudhonian ideas, as interpreted by Pi, already provided much of the inspiration for the federalist movement which sprang up in the early 1860's.\" According to the Encyclopedia Britannica \"During the Spanish revolution of 1873, Pi y Margall attempted to establish a decentralized, or \u201ccantonalist,\u201d political system on Proudhonian lines.\"", "sentence_answer": "For Proudhon, mutualism involved creating <hl> \"industrial democracy,\" <hl> a system where workplaces would be \"handed over to democratically organised workers' associations . . .", "paragraph_id": "5d65de6f2b22cd4dfcfbd008"}
{"question": "When was Connectitcut's population mostly rural?", "paragraph": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "answer": "1790", "sentence": "In 1790 , 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1790 , 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" <hl> The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1790 <hl>, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1790 <hl> , 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66187a2b22cd4dfcfbd856"}
{"question": "Who did state and local banks compete with?", "paragraph": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "answer": "the big New York City firms", "sentence": "This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms .", "paragraph_sentence": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. <hl> This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms . <hl> The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "paragraph_answer": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with <hl> the big New York City firms <hl>. The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "sentence_answer": "This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with <hl> the big New York City firms <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65de972b22cd4dfcfbd02b"}
{"question": "What could happen depending on the country?", "paragraph": "Political decentralization aims to give citizens or their elected representatives more power. It may be associated with pluralistic politics and representative government, but it also means giving citizens, or their representatives, more influence in the formulation and implementation of laws and policies. Depending on the country, this may require constitutional or statutory reforms, the development of new political parties, increased power for legislatures, the creation of local political units, and encouragement of advocacy groups.", "answer": "may require constitutional or statutory reforms", "sentence": "Depending on the country, this may require constitutional or statutory reforms , the development of new political parties, increased power for legislatures, the creation of local political units, and encouragement of advocacy groups.", "paragraph_sentence": "Political decentralization aims to give citizens or their elected representatives more power. It may be associated with pluralistic politics and representative government, but it also means giving citizens, or their representatives, more influence in the formulation and implementation of laws and policies. <hl> Depending on the country, this may require constitutional or statutory reforms , the development of new political parties, increased power for legislatures, the creation of local political units, and encouragement of advocacy groups. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Political decentralization aims to give citizens or their elected representatives more power. It may be associated with pluralistic politics and representative government, but it also means giving citizens, or their representatives, more influence in the formulation and implementation of laws and policies. Depending on the country, this <hl> may require constitutional or statutory reforms <hl>, the development of new political parties, increased power for legislatures, the creation of local political units, and encouragement of advocacy groups.", "sentence_answer": "Depending on the country, this <hl> may require constitutional or statutory reforms <hl> , the development of new political parties, increased power for legislatures, the creation of local political units, and encouragement of advocacy groups.", "paragraph_id": "5d660c992b22cd4dfcfbd709"}
{"question": "What is a bas-relief?", "paragraph": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less.  It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition.  These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "answer": "a projecting image with a shallow overall depth", "sentence": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth , for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is a projecting image with a shallow overall depth , for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. <hl> In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "paragraph_answer": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is <hl> a projecting image with a shallow overall depth <hl>, for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief. In the lowest reliefs the relative depth of the elements shown is completely distorted, and if seen from the side the image makes no sense, but from the front the small variations in depth register as a three-dimensional image. Other versions distort depth much less. It is a technique which requires less work, and is therefore cheaper to produce, as less of the background needs to be removed in a carving, or less modelling is required. In the art of Ancient Egypt and other ancient Near Eastern and Asian cultures, and also Meso-America, a very low relief was commonly used for the whole composition. These images would all be painted after carving, which helped to define the forms; today the paint has worn off in the great majority of surviving examples, but minute, invisible remains of paint can usually be discovered through chemical means.", "sentence_answer": "A bas-relief (\"low relief\", French pronunciation: \u200b[ba\u0281\u0259lj\u025bf], from the Italian basso rilievo) or low relief is <hl> a projecting image with a shallow overall depth <hl> , for example used on coins, on which all images are in low relief.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c50f2b22cd4dfcfc018c"}
{"question": "In the first year students take biophysics, biochemistry, anatomy, ethics and histology which are considered to be what type of classes?", "paragraph": "Right after graduating from high school with a Baccalaureat, any student can register at a university of medicine (there are about 30 of them throughout the country). At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. Passing first year is commonly considered as challenging and requires hard and continuous work. Each student can only try twice. For example, the Universit\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Descartes welcomes about 2,000 students in first year and only 300 after numerus clausus.", "answer": "theoretical", "sentence": "First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology.", "paragraph_sentence": "Right after graduating from high school with a Baccalaureat, any student can register at a university of medicine (there are about 30 of them throughout the country). At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. <hl> First year consists mainly of theoretical classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. <hl> Passing first year is commonly considered as challenging and requires hard and continuous work. Each student can only try twice. For example, the Universit\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Descartes welcomes about 2,000 students in first year and only 300 after numerus clausus.", "paragraph_answer": "Right after graduating from high school with a Baccalaureat, any student can register at a university of medicine (there are about 30 of them throughout the country). At the end of first year, an internal ranking examination takes place in each of these universities in order to implement the numerus clausus. First year consists mainly of <hl> theoretical <hl> classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology. Passing first year is commonly considered as challenging and requires hard and continuous work. Each student can only try twice. For example, the Universit\u00e9 Ren\u00e9 Descartes welcomes about 2,000 students in first year and only 300 after numerus clausus.", "sentence_answer": "First year consists mainly of <hl> theoretical <hl> classes such as biophysics and biochemistry, anatomy, ethics or histology.", "paragraph_id": "5d6639582b22cd4dfcfbdb18"}
{"question": "Was it states or the federal government that legalized same-sex marriage first?", "paragraph": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "answer": "states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s", "sentence": "As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy.", "paragraph_sentence": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. <hl> As more states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. <hl> Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "paragraph_answer": "Owing largely to the prominence of the religious right in conservative politics in the United States, the Republican Party has taken positions regarded by many as outwardly hostile to the gay rights movement. Republicans have historically strongly opposed same-sex marriage (the party's overall attitude on civil unions is much more divided, with some in favor and others opposed), with the issue a galvanizing one that many believe helped George W. Bush win re-election in 2004. In both 2004 and 2006, congressional Republican leaders promoted the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment which would legally restrict the definition of marriage to heterosexual couples. In both attempts, the amendment failed to secure enough votes to invoke cloture, and thus, ultimately was never passed. As more <hl> states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s <hl>, Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy. Since the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide in 2015, Republicans have taken a more muted stance, and the issue has lost much of its political potency.", "sentence_answer": "As more <hl> states legalized same-sex marriage in the 2010s <hl> , Republicans increasingly supported allowing each state to decide its own marriage policy.", "paragraph_id": "5d673acd2b22cd4dfcfbf32a"}
{"question": "How many travelers did Istanbul Ataturk serve in 2013?", "paragraph": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast.  Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "answer": "51.2 million", "sentence": "It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. <hl> It handled 51.2 million passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. <hl> Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast. Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul has two international airports. The larger is Istanbul Atat\u00fcrk, 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of the city center. It handled <hl> 51.2 million <hl> passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en International, 45 kilometers (28 mi) southeast of the city center, opened in 2001 to relieve Atat\u00fcrk. Dominated by low-cost carriers, Istanbul's second airport has rapidly become popular, especially since the opening of a new international terminal in 2009; the airport handled 14.7 million passengers in 2012, a year after Airports Council International named it the world's fastest-growing airport. Atat\u00fcrk has also experienced rapid growth, as its 20.6 percent rise in passenger traffic between 2011 and 2012 was the highest among the world's top 30 airports. Because of the traffic at Istanbul's current airports, a third international airport is planned for the Black Sea coast. Building a new runway at Atat\u00fcrk Airport was rejected due to the cost involved; environmental concerns have also been raised with respect to the new airport. Currently under construction, the new international airport will become the largest airport in the world upon the completion of all four stages of the project, with a capacity to serve 150 million passengers per year.", "sentence_answer": "It handled <hl> 51.2 million <hl> passengers in 2013, making it the fifth-busiest airport in Europe and the eighteenth-busiest in the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609472b22cd4dfcfbd67e"}
{"question": "Many polyketides are considered to be what kind of molecule?", "paragraph": "Polyketides are synthesized by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits by classic enzymes as well as iterative and multimodular enzymes that share mechanistic features with the fatty acid synthases. They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity. Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. Many commonly used anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and anti-cancer agents are polyketides or polyketide derivatives, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, avermectins, and antitumor epothilones.", "answer": "cyclic molecules", "sentence": "Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes.", "paragraph_sentence": "Polyketides are synthesized by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits by classic enzymes as well as iterative and multimodular enzymes that share mechanistic features with the fatty acid synthases. They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity. <hl> Many polyketides are cyclic molecules whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. <hl> Many commonly used anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and anti-cancer agents are polyketides or polyketide derivatives, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, avermectins, and antitumor epothilones.", "paragraph_answer": "Polyketides are synthesized by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits by classic enzymes as well as iterative and multimodular enzymes that share mechanistic features with the fatty acid synthases. They comprise a large number of secondary metabolites and natural products from animal, plant, bacterial, fungal and marine sources, and have great structural diversity. Many polyketides are <hl> cyclic molecules <hl> whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes. Many commonly used anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and anti-cancer agents are polyketides or polyketide derivatives, such as erythromycins, tetracyclines, avermectins, and antitumor epothilones.", "sentence_answer": "Many polyketides are <hl> cyclic molecules <hl> whose backbones are often further modified by glycosylation, methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and/or other processes.", "paragraph_id": "5d6748ab2b22cd4dfcfbf4eb"}
{"question": "What is thought to be the most frequent types of injury in hockey?", "paragraph": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \"Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. Not only are lacerations common, \"it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all [hockey] injuries. Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade.\"[citation needed] One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind. Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind, many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\"). Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\"). A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player's head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the opponent player's head. The most dangerous result of a head injury in hockey can be classified as a concussion. Most concussions occur during player-to-player contact rather than when a player is checked into the boards. Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered. Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there is no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious. This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention. Studies show that, ice hockey causes 44.3% of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children. In severe cases, the traumatic brain injuries are capable of resulting in death. Occurrences of death from these injuries are rare, but occur all too much in a variety of sports.", "answer": "Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face", "sentence": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \" Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> According to the Hughston Health Alert, \" Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. <hl> Not only are lacerations common, \"it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all [hockey] injuries. Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade. \"[citation needed] One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind. Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind, many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\"). Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\"). A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player's head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the opponent player's head. The most dangerous result of a head injury in hockey can be classified as a concussion. Most concussions occur during player-to-player contact rather than when a player is checked into the boards. Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered. Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there is no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious. This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention. Studies show that, ice hockey causes 44.3% of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children. In severe cases, the traumatic brain injuries are capable of resulting in death. Occurrences of death from these injuries are rare, but occur all too much in a variety of sports.", "paragraph_answer": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \"<hl> Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face <hl> are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood. Not only are lacerations common, \"it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all [hockey] injuries. Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade.\"[citation needed] One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind. Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind, many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and game misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\"). Another type of check that accounts for many of the player-to-player contact concussions is a check to the head resulting in a misconduct penalty (called \"head contact\"). A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player's head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the opponent player's head. The most dangerous result of a head injury in hockey can be classified as a concussion. Most concussions occur during player-to-player contact rather than when a player is checked into the boards. Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered. Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there is no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious. This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention. Studies show that, ice hockey causes 44.3% of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children. In severe cases, the traumatic brain injuries are capable of resulting in death. Occurrences of death from these injuries are rare, but occur all too much in a variety of sports.", "sentence_answer": "According to the Hughston Health Alert, \" <hl> Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face <hl> are the most frequent types of injury [in hockey].\"[citation needed] Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8da2b22cd4dfcfbcd5e"}
{"question": "What news paper occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market?", "paragraph": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "answer": "The Sunday Times", "sentence": "The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. <hl> While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Sunday Times <hl> occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined. While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s, The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so. It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper, The Times, which is published Monday to Saturday.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Sunday Times <hl> occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals, The Sunday Telegraph, The Observer and The Independent on Sunday, combined.", "paragraph_id": "5d6829382b22cd4dfcfc0610"}
{"question": "What are some \"pro-social\" emotions in regard to morality?", "paragraph": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt, in response to these moral behaviors.", "answer": "empathy or guilt", "sentence": "Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt , in response to these moral behaviors.", "paragraph_sentence": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). <hl> Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of empathy or guilt , in response to these moral behaviors. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The development of modern morality is a process closely tied to sociocultural evolution. Some evolutionary biologists, particularly sociobiologists, believe that morality is a product of evolutionary forces acting at an individual level and also at the group level through group selection (although to what degree this actually occurs is a controversial topic in evolutionary theory). Some sociobiologists contend that the set of behaviors that constitute morality evolved largely because they provided possible survival and/or reproductive benefits (i.e. increased evolutionary success). Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of <hl> empathy or guilt <hl>, in response to these moral behaviors.", "sentence_answer": "Humans consequently evolved \"pro-social\" emotions, such as feelings of <hl> empathy or guilt <hl> , in response to these moral behaviors.", "paragraph_id": "5d6755f32b22cd4dfcfbf76e"}
{"question": "How many days does it rain in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.", "answer": "about fifteen days", "sentence": "During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. <hl> During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only about fifteen days with measurable precipitation between June and August. <hl> The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul's persistently high humidity reaches 80 percent most mornings. Because of this, fog is very common, although more so in northern parts of the city and away from the city center. Dense fog disrupts transportation in the region, including on the Bosphorus, and is common during the autumn and winter months when the humidity remains high into the afternoon. The humid conditions and the fog tend to dissipate by midday during the summer months, but the lingering humidity exacerbates the moderately high summer temperatures. During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only <hl> about fifteen days <hl> with measurable precipitation between June and August. The summer months also have the highest concentration of thunderstorms.", "sentence_answer": "During these summer months, high temperatures average around 29 \u00b0C (84 \u00b0F) and rainfall is uncommon; there are only <hl> about fifteen days <hl> with measurable precipitation between June and August.", "paragraph_id": "5d67578f2b22cd4dfcfbf79a"}
{"question": "What would the formula be in the example given?", "paragraph": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as \n\n\n\n\nf\n(\nx\n)\n=\n\n\n\nx\n\n2\n\n\n\u2212\n5\nx\n+\n6\n\n\n\n\n\n{\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}}\n\n may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "answer": "f(x) = 4 \u2212 x", "sentence": "So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x .", "paragraph_sentence": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. <hl> So in this example many just write f(x) = 4 \u2212 x . <hl> Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "paragraph_answer": "(with different domain) is not considered the same function, even though the formulas defining f and g agree, and similarly with a different codomain. Despite that, many authors drop the specification of the domain and codomain, especially if these are clear from the context. So in this example many just write <hl> f(x) = 4 \u2212 x <hl>. Sometimes, the maximal possible domain is also understood implicitly: a formula such as f ( x ) = x 2 \u2212 5 x + 6 {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle f(x)={\\sqrt {x^{2}-5x+6}}} may mean that the domain of f is the set of real numbers x where the square root is defined (in this case x \u2264 2 or x \u2265 3).", "sentence_answer": "So in this example many just write <hl> f(x) = 4 \u2212 x <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6616c92b22cd4dfcfbd831"}
{"question": "Where can we find reliefs around the world?", "paragraph": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative.  Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\".  Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "answer": "throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings,", "sentence": "Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Reliefs are common throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. <hl> Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\". Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "paragraph_answer": "Reliefs are common <hl> throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, <hl> and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative. Relief is more suitable for depicting complicated subjects with many figures and very active poses, such as battles, than free-standing \"sculpture in the round\". Most ancient architectural reliefs were originally painted, which helped to define forms in low relief. The subject of reliefs is for convenient reference assumed in this article to be usually figures, but sculpture in relief often depicts decorative geometrical or foliage patterns, as in the arabesques of Islamic art, and may be of any subject.", "sentence_answer": "Reliefs are common <hl> throughout the world on the walls of buildings and a variety of smaller settings, <hl> and a sequence of several panels or sections of relief may represent an extended narrative.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6652b22cd4dfcfbe7ec"}
{"question": "Where was the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation established?", "paragraph": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare. The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. During the course of the war, the influence of the Communist Party of Slovenia started to grow, until its supremacy was officially sanctioned in the Dolomiti Declaration of 1 March 1943. Some of the members of Liberation Front and partisans were ex-members of the TIGR resistance movement.", "answer": "in the Province of Ljubljana", "sentence": "The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare. <hl> The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. <hl> During the course of the war, the influence of the Communist Party of Slovenia started to grow, until its supremacy was officially sanctioned in the Dolomiti Declaration of 1 March 1943. Some of the members of Liberation Front and partisans were ex-members of the TIGR resistance movement.", "paragraph_answer": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare. The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established <hl> in the Province of Ljubljana <hl> on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. During the course of the war, the influence of the Communist Party of Slovenia started to grow, until its supremacy was officially sanctioned in the Dolomiti Declaration of 1 March 1943. Some of the members of Liberation Front and partisans were ex-members of the TIGR resistance movement.", "sentence_answer": "The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established <hl> in the Province of Ljubljana <hl> on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists.", "paragraph_id": "5d6794e32b22cd4dfcfbfe8e"}
{"question": "How many different main mechanisms are there for cooling air?", "paragraph": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land.  Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath.  Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "answer": "four", "sentence": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. <hl> Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "paragraph_answer": "There are <hl> four <hl> main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "sentence_answer": "There are <hl> four <hl> main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ce8a2b22cd4dfcfc025c"}
{"question": "how did the church start at the beginning?", "paragraph": "The history of the Great House of Cilicia as an autocephalous church is as follows: after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there. The seat of the church (now known as the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia) was first established in Sivas (AD 1058) moving to Tavbloor (1062), then to Dzamendav (1066), Dzovk (1116), Hromgla (1149), and finally to Sis (1293), then-capital of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries, the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia.", "answer": "after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there", "sentence": "The history of the Great House of Cilicia as an autocephalous church is as follows: after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The history of the Great House of Cilicia as an autocephalous church is as follows: after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there . <hl> The seat of the church (now known as the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia) was first established in Sivas (AD 1058) moving to Tavbloor (1062), then to Dzamendav (1066), Dzovk (1116), Hromgla (1149), and finally to Sis (1293), then-capital of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries, the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia.", "paragraph_answer": "The history of the Great House of Cilicia as an autocephalous church is as follows: <hl> after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there <hl>. The seat of the church (now known as the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia) was first established in Sivas (AD 1058) moving to Tavbloor (1062), then to Dzamendav (1066), Dzovk (1116), Hromgla (1149), and finally to Sis (1293), then-capital of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. Beginning in 1293 and continuing for more than six centuries, the city of Sis (modern-day Kozan, Adana, Turkey) was the center of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia.", "sentence_answer": "The history of the Great House of Cilicia as an autocephalous church is as follows: <hl> after the fall of Ani and the Armenian Kingdom of the Bagradits in 1045, masses of Armenians migrated to Cilicia and the Catholicossate settled there <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65727f2b22cd4dfcfbc8f0"}
{"question": "Program manager was replaced with what?", "paragraph": "The next major consumer-oriented release of Windows, Windows 95, was released on August 24, 1995. While still remaining MS-DOS-based, Windows 95 introduced support for native 32-bit applications, plug and play hardware, preemptive multitasking, long file names of up to 255 characters, and provided increased stability over its predecessors. Windows 95 also introduced a redesigned, object oriented user interface, replacing the previous Program Manager with the Start menu, taskbar, and Windows Explorer shell. Windows 95 was a major commercial success for Microsoft; Ina Fried of CNET remarked that \"by the time Windows 95 was finally ushered off the market in 2001, it had become a fixture on computer desktops around the world.\" Microsoft published four OEM Service Releases (OSR) of Windows 95, each of which was roughly equivalent to a service pack. The first OSR of Windows 95 was also the first version of Windows to be bundled with Microsoft's web browser, Internet Explorer. Mainstream support for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2000, and extended support for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2001.", "answer": "Start menu, taskbar, and Windows Explorer shell", "sentence": "Windows 95 also introduced a redesigned, object oriented user interface, replacing the previous Program Manager with the Start menu, taskbar, and Windows Explorer shell .", "paragraph_sentence": "The next major consumer-oriented release of Windows, Windows 95, was released on August 24, 1995. While still remaining MS-DOS-based, Windows 95 introduced support for native 32-bit applications, plug and play hardware, preemptive multitasking, long file names of up to 255 characters, and provided increased stability over its predecessors. <hl> Windows 95 also introduced a redesigned, object oriented user interface, replacing the previous Program Manager with the Start menu, taskbar, and Windows Explorer shell . <hl> Windows 95 was a major commercial success for Microsoft; Ina Fried of CNET remarked that \"by the time Windows 95 was finally ushered off the market in 2001, it had become a fixture on computer desktops around the world.\" Microsoft published four OEM Service Releases (OSR) of Windows 95, each of which was roughly equivalent to a service pack. The first OSR of Windows 95 was also the first version of Windows to be bundled with Microsoft's web browser, Internet Explorer. Mainstream support for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2000, and extended support for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2001.", "paragraph_answer": "The next major consumer-oriented release of Windows, Windows 95, was released on August 24, 1995. While still remaining MS-DOS-based, Windows 95 introduced support for native 32-bit applications, plug and play hardware, preemptive multitasking, long file names of up to 255 characters, and provided increased stability over its predecessors. Windows 95 also introduced a redesigned, object oriented user interface, replacing the previous Program Manager with the <hl> Start menu, taskbar, and Windows Explorer shell <hl>. Windows 95 was a major commercial success for Microsoft; Ina Fried of CNET remarked that \"by the time Windows 95 was finally ushered off the market in 2001, it had become a fixture on computer desktops around the world.\" Microsoft published four OEM Service Releases (OSR) of Windows 95, each of which was roughly equivalent to a service pack. The first OSR of Windows 95 was also the first version of Windows to be bundled with Microsoft's web browser, Internet Explorer. Mainstream support for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2000, and extended support for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2001.", "sentence_answer": "Windows 95 also introduced a redesigned, object oriented user interface, replacing the previous Program Manager with the <hl> Start menu, taskbar, and Windows Explorer shell <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66f0452b22cd4dfcfbe656"}
{"question": "Who was the mayor of New York City between the World Wars?", "paragraph": "The period between the World Wars saw the election of reformist mayor Fiorello La Guardia and the fall of Tammany Hall after 80 years of political dominance. As the city's demographics stabilized, labor unionization brought new protections and affluence to the working class, the city's government and infrastructure underwent a dramatic overhaul under La Guardia. Despite the Great Depression, some of the world's tallest skyscrapers were completed in Manhattan during the 1930s, including numerous Art Deco masterpieces that are still part of the city's skyline today, most notably the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building, and the GE Building.", "answer": "Fiorello La Guardia", "sentence": "The period between the World Wars saw the election of reformist mayor Fiorello La Guardia and the fall of Tammany Hall after 80 years of political dominance.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The period between the World Wars saw the election of reformist mayor Fiorello La Guardia and the fall of Tammany Hall after 80 years of political dominance. <hl> As the city's demographics stabilized, labor unionization brought new protections and affluence to the working class, the city's government and infrastructure underwent a dramatic overhaul under La Guardia. Despite the Great Depression, some of the world's tallest skyscrapers were completed in Manhattan during the 1930s, including numerous Art Deco masterpieces that are still part of the city's skyline today, most notably the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building, and the GE Building.", "paragraph_answer": "The period between the World Wars saw the election of reformist mayor <hl> Fiorello La Guardia <hl> and the fall of Tammany Hall after 80 years of political dominance. As the city's demographics stabilized, labor unionization brought new protections and affluence to the working class, the city's government and infrastructure underwent a dramatic overhaul under La Guardia. Despite the Great Depression, some of the world's tallest skyscrapers were completed in Manhattan during the 1930s, including numerous Art Deco masterpieces that are still part of the city's skyline today, most notably the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building, and the GE Building.", "sentence_answer": "The period between the World Wars saw the election of reformist mayor <hl> Fiorello La Guardia <hl> and the fall of Tammany Hall after 80 years of political dominance.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e0032b22cd4dfcfc0364"}
{"question": "What was each regiment to carry in addition to the national standard", "paragraph": "The 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a national flag did not yet exist, or was only nascent. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee. On May 10, 1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern \"it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States.\" However, the term, \"Standard,\" referred to a national standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the national standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag.", "answer": "its regimental standard", "sentence": "Each regiment was to carry the national standard in addition to its regimental standard .", "paragraph_sentence": "The 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a national flag did not yet exist, or was only nascent. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee. On May 10, 1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern \"it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States.\" However, the term, \"Standard,\" referred to a national standard for the Army of the United States. <hl> Each regiment was to carry the national standard in addition to its regimental standard . <hl> The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag.", "paragraph_answer": "The 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a national flag did not yet exist, or was only nascent. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee. On May 10, 1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern \"it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States.\" However, the term, \"Standard,\" referred to a national standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the national standard in addition to <hl> its regimental standard <hl>. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag.", "sentence_answer": "Each regiment was to carry the national standard in addition to <hl> its regimental standard <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65dd292b22cd4dfcfbcfb6"}
{"question": "How long will the Eurasia tunnel be when completed?", "paragraph": "Istanbul's primary motorways are the O-1, O-2, O-3 and O-4. The O-1 forms the city's inner ring road, traversing the Bosphorus Bridge, and the O-2 is the city's outer ring road, crossing the Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Second Bosphorus) Bridge. The O-2 continues west to Edirne and the O-4 continues east to Ankara; the O-2, O-3, and O-4 are part of European route E80 (the Trans-European Motorway) between Portugal and the Turkish\u2013Iranian border. The two Bosphorus Bridges are currently the only road crossings between the Asian and European sides of Turkey, together carrying 400,000 vehicles each day. The dual-deck, 14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi) Eurasia Tunnel is currently under construction beneath the Bosphorus, between Fatih and \u00dcsk\u00fcdar. A third Bosphorus bridge, first considered in the 1990s, may also finally be coming to fruition, as construction of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was officially launched in 2013. Both projects may be completed as early as 2015, although environmentalist groups worry that the third bridge will endanger the remaining green areas to the north of Istanbul.", "answer": "14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi)", "sentence": "The dual-deck, 14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi) Eurasia Tunnel is currently under construction beneath the Bosphorus, between Fatih and \u00dcsk\u00fcdar.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul's primary motorways are the O-1, O-2, O-3 and O-4. The O-1 forms the city's inner ring road, traversing the Bosphorus Bridge, and the O-2 is the city's outer ring road, crossing the Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Second Bosphorus) Bridge. The O-2 continues west to Edirne and the O-4 continues east to Ankara; the O-2, O-3, and O-4 are part of European route E80 (the Trans-European Motorway) between Portugal and the Turkish\u2013Iranian border. The two Bosphorus Bridges are currently the only road crossings between the Asian and European sides of Turkey, together carrying 400,000 vehicles each day. <hl> The dual-deck, 14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi) Eurasia Tunnel is currently under construction beneath the Bosphorus, between Fatih and \u00dcsk\u00fcdar. <hl> A third Bosphorus bridge, first considered in the 1990s, may also finally be coming to fruition, as construction of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was officially launched in 2013. Both projects may be completed as early as 2015, although environmentalist groups worry that the third bridge will endanger the remaining green areas to the north of Istanbul.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul's primary motorways are the O-1, O-2, O-3 and O-4. The O-1 forms the city's inner ring road, traversing the Bosphorus Bridge, and the O-2 is the city's outer ring road, crossing the Fatih Sultan Mehmet (Second Bosphorus) Bridge. The O-2 continues west to Edirne and the O-4 continues east to Ankara; the O-2, O-3, and O-4 are part of European route E80 (the Trans-European Motorway) between Portugal and the Turkish\u2013Iranian border. The two Bosphorus Bridges are currently the only road crossings between the Asian and European sides of Turkey, together carrying 400,000 vehicles each day. The dual-deck, <hl> 14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi) <hl> Eurasia Tunnel is currently under construction beneath the Bosphorus, between Fatih and \u00dcsk\u00fcdar. A third Bosphorus bridge, first considered in the 1990s, may also finally be coming to fruition, as construction of the Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge was officially launched in 2013. Both projects may be completed as early as 2015, although environmentalist groups worry that the third bridge will endanger the remaining green areas to the north of Istanbul.", "sentence_answer": "The dual-deck, <hl> 14.6-kilometer (9.1 mi) <hl> Eurasia Tunnel is currently under construction beneath the Bosphorus, between Fatih and \u00dcsk\u00fcdar.", "paragraph_id": "5d65ff422b22cd4dfcfbd522"}
{"question": "Who assisted Allied soldiers that escaped from German POW camps before reaching Yugoslav Partisans?", "paragraph": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by local civilians, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "answer": "local civilians", "sentence": "They were being assisted by local civilians , and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_sentence": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. <hl> They were being assisted by local civilians , and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed] <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans also assisted hundreds of Allied soldiers who succeeded in escaping from German POW camps (mostly in southern Austria) throughout the war, but especially from 1943\u201345. These were transported across Slovenia, from where many were airlifted from Semi\u010d, while others made the longer overland trek down through Croatia for a boat passage to Bari in Italy. In the spring of 1944, the British military mission in Slovenia reported that there was a \"steady, slow trickle\" of escapes from these camps. They were being assisted by <hl> local civilians <hl>, and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "They were being assisted by <hl> local civilians <hl> , and on contacting Partisans on the general line of the River Drava, they were able to make their way to safety with Partisan guides.[citation needed]", "paragraph_id": "5d67b99e2b22cd4dfcfc00a6"}
{"question": "Who gave the Statue of Liberty as a gift to the US?", "paragraph": "The rate of immigration from Europe grew steeply after the Civil War, and New York became the first stop for millions seeking a new life in the United States, a role acknowledged by the dedication of the Statue of Liberty on October 28, 1886, a gift from the people of France. The new European immigration brought further social upheaval. In a city of tenements packed with poorly paid laborers from dozens of nations, the city was a hotbed of revolution (including anarchists and communists among others), syndicalism, racketeering, and unionization.", "answer": "people of France", "sentence": "The rate of immigration from Europe grew steeply after the Civil War, and New York became the first stop for millions seeking a new life in the United States, a role acknowledged by the dedication of the Statue of Liberty on October 28, 1886, a gift from the people of France .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The rate of immigration from Europe grew steeply after the Civil War, and New York became the first stop for millions seeking a new life in the United States, a role acknowledged by the dedication of the Statue of Liberty on October 28, 1886, a gift from the people of France . <hl> The new European immigration brought further social upheaval. In a city of tenements packed with poorly paid laborers from dozens of nations, the city was a hotbed of revolution (including anarchists and communists among others), syndicalism, racketeering, and unionization.", "paragraph_answer": "The rate of immigration from Europe grew steeply after the Civil War, and New York became the first stop for millions seeking a new life in the United States, a role acknowledged by the dedication of the Statue of Liberty on October 28, 1886, a gift from the <hl> people of France <hl>. The new European immigration brought further social upheaval. In a city of tenements packed with poorly paid laborers from dozens of nations, the city was a hotbed of revolution (including anarchists and communists among others), syndicalism, racketeering, and unionization.", "sentence_answer": "The rate of immigration from Europe grew steeply after the Civil War, and New York became the first stop for millions seeking a new life in the United States, a role acknowledged by the dedication of the Statue of Liberty on October 28, 1886, a gift from the <hl> people of France <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67dc842b22cd4dfcfc0337"}
{"question": "What is the magic number of jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate?", "paragraph": "Wells Fargo economists estimated the figure around 150,000 in January 2013: \"Over the past three months, labor force participation has averaged 63.7 percent, the same as the average for 2012. If the participation rate holds steady, how many new jobs are needed to lower the unemployment rate? The steady employment gains in recent months suggest a rough answer. The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent. Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000. Therefore, it appears that the magic number is something above 151,000 jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate.\" Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "answer": "151,000", "sentence": "Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Wells Fargo economists estimated the figure around 150,000 in January 2013: \"Over the past three months, labor force participation has averaged 63.7 percent, the same as the average for 2012. If the participation rate holds steady, how many new jobs are needed to lower the unemployment rate? The steady employment gains in recent months suggest a rough answer. The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent. <hl> Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000 . <hl> Therefore, it appears that the magic number is something above 151,000 jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate.\" Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Wells Fargo economists estimated the figure around 150,000 in January 2013: \"Over the past three months, labor force participation has averaged 63.7 percent, the same as the average for 2012. If the participation rate holds steady, how many new jobs are needed to lower the unemployment rate? The steady employment gains in recent months suggest a rough answer. The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent. Meanwhile, job gains have averaged <hl> 151,000 <hl>. Therefore, it appears that the magic number is something above 151,000 jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate.\" Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "sentence_answer": "Meanwhile, job gains have averaged <hl> 151,000 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674d182b22cd4dfcfbf5a6"}
{"question": "What is another way to abbreviate the word internationalization?", "paragraph": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "answer": "i18n", "sentence": "For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use.", "paragraph_sentence": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. <hl> For example, i18n abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. <hl> The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "paragraph_answer": "Inconveniently long words used frequently in related contexts can be represented according to their letter count. For example, <hl> i18n <hl> abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use. The 18 represents the 18 letters that come between the first and the last in internationalization. Localization can be abbreviated l10n, multilingualization m17n, and accessibility a11y. In addition to the use of a specific number replacing that amount of letters, the more general \"x\" can be used to replace an unspecified number of letters. Examples include Crxn for crystallization and the series familiar to physicians for history, diagnosis, and treatment (hx, dx, tx).", "sentence_answer": "For example, <hl> i18n <hl> abbreviates internationalization, a computer-science term for adapting software for worldwide use.", "paragraph_id": "5d65a5d02b22cd4dfcfbcab4"}
{"question": "What does the second common approach to defining truth values not rely on?", "paragraph": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions. Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols, one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. The interpretation is extended so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain. One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically, as follows:", "answer": "does not rely on variable assignment functions", "sentence": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> There is a second common approach to defining truth values that does not rely on variable assignment functions . <hl> Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols, one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. The interpretation is extended so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain. One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically, as follows:", "paragraph_answer": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that <hl> does not rely on variable assignment functions <hl>. Instead, given an interpretation M, one first adds to the signature a collection of constant symbols, one for each element of the domain of discourse in M; say that for each d in the domain the constant symbol cd is fixed. The interpretation is extended so that each new constant symbol is assigned to its corresponding element of the domain. One now defines truth for quantified formulas syntactically, as follows:", "sentence_answer": "There is a second common approach to defining truth values that <hl> does not rely on variable assignment functions <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66452a2b22cd4dfcfbdbbe"}
{"question": "What are the multiple entities that together form and govern the United States called?", "paragraph": "Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. The first subdivision of the United States is the state. The admission of states into the United States, beyond the original thirteen states, is authorized under Article IV, Section 3, of the Constitution of the United States. Most of the states admitted to the union after the original 13 have been formed within territories of the United States (that is, land under the sovereignty of the federal government but not part of any state) that were organized by an act or resolution of the United States Congress, subject to the Congress' plenary powers under the territorial clause of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution.", "answer": "Political divisions", "sentence": "Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Political divisions of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. <hl> The first subdivision of the United States is the state. The admission of states into the United States, beyond the original thirteen states, is authorized under Article IV, Section 3, of the Constitution of the United States. Most of the states admitted to the union after the original 13 have been formed within territories of the United States (that is, land under the sovereignty of the federal government but not part of any state) that were organized by an act or resolution of the United States Congress, subject to the Congress' plenary powers under the territorial clause of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Political divisions <hl> of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States. The first subdivision of the United States is the state. The admission of states into the United States, beyond the original thirteen states, is authorized under Article IV, Section 3, of the Constitution of the United States. Most of the states admitted to the union after the original 13 have been formed within territories of the United States (that is, land under the sovereignty of the federal government but not part of any state) that were organized by an act or resolution of the United States Congress, subject to the Congress' plenary powers under the territorial clause of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Political divisions <hl> of the United States or Administrative divisions of the United States are the various governing entities that together form the United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d676f6b2b22cd4dfcfbfb83"}
{"question": "Public health is deeded by Marxism-Leninism to raise what?", "paragraph": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "answer": "labour productivity", "sentence": "Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society.", "paragraph_sentence": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. <hl> Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society. <hl> This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "paragraph_answer": "Marxism\u2013Leninism supports universal social welfare. Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise <hl> labour productivity <hl> and advance a society in development towards a communist society. This is part of Marxist\u2013Leninists' advocacy of promoting and reinforcing the operation of a planned socialist economy. It advocates universal education with a focus on developing the proletariat with knowledge, class consciousness, and understanding the historical development of communism.", "sentence_answer": "Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist\u2013Leninists to help to raise <hl> labour productivity <hl> and advance a society in development towards a communist society.", "paragraph_id": "5d6711732b22cd4dfcfbed63"}
{"question": "What is the name of the first Asian settlement on the peninsula?", "paragraph": "Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 7th millennium BCE. That early settlement, important in the spread of the Neolithic Revolution from the Near East to Europe, lasted for almost a millennium before being inundated by rising water levels.  The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE. Modern authors have linked it to the Thracian toponym Lygos, mentioned by Pliny the Elder as an earlier name for the site of Byzantium.", "answer": "the Fikirtepe mound", "sentence": " The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound , is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium", "paragraph_sentence": "Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 7th millennium BCE. That early settlement, important in the spread of the Neolithic Revolution from the Near East to Europe, lasted for almost a millennium before being inundated by rising water levels. <hl> The first human settlement on the Asian side, the Fikirtepe mound , is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium <hl> BCE. Modern authors have linked it to the Thracian toponym Lygos, mentioned by Pliny the Elder as an earlier name for the site of Byzantium.", "paragraph_answer": "Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 7th millennium BCE. That early settlement, important in the spread of the Neolithic Revolution from the Near East to Europe, lasted for almost a millennium before being inundated by rising water levels. The first human settlement on the Asian side, <hl> the Fikirtepe mound <hl>, is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium BCE. Modern authors have linked it to the Thracian toponym Lygos, mentioned by Pliny the Elder as an earlier name for the site of Byzantium.", "sentence_answer": " The first human settlement on the Asian side, <hl> the Fikirtepe mound <hl> , is from the Copper Age period, with artifacts dating from 5500 to 3500 BCE, On the European side, near the point of the peninsula (Sarayburnu), there was a Thracian settlement during the early 1st millennium", "paragraph_id": "5d65c36b2b22cd4dfcfbcc01"}
{"question": "cases of poisoning from tin are what?", "paragraph": "Cases of poisoning from tin metal, its oxides, and its salts are \"almost unknown\". On the other hand, certain organotin compounds are almost as toxic as cyanide.", "answer": "\"almost unknown\"", "sentence": "Cases of poisoning from tin metal, its oxides, and its salts are \"almost unknown\" .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Cases of poisoning from tin metal, its oxides, and its salts are \"almost unknown\" . <hl> On the other hand, certain organotin compounds are almost as toxic as cyanide.", "paragraph_answer": "Cases of poisoning from tin metal, its oxides, and its salts are <hl> \"almost unknown\" <hl>. On the other hand, certain organotin compounds are almost as toxic as cyanide.", "sentence_answer": "Cases of poisoning from tin metal, its oxides, and its salts are <hl> \"almost unknown\" <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67479e2b22cd4dfcfbf4dc"}
{"question": "How many settlers arrived in the Massachusetts Bay Colony by 1640?", "paragraph": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. They sought to reform the Church of England by creating a new, pure church in the New World. By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. During the 17th century the New Haven and Saybrook colonies were absorbed by Connecticut.", "answer": "20,000", "sentence": "By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. They sought to reform the Church of England by creating a new, pure church in the New World. <hl> By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. <hl> The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. During the 17th century the New Haven and Saybrook colonies were absorbed by Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. They sought to reform the Church of England by creating a new, pure church in the New World. By 1640, <hl> 20,000 <hl> had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. During the 17th century the New Haven and Saybrook colonies were absorbed by Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "By 1640, <hl> 20,000 <hl> had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply.", "paragraph_id": "5d662d0b2b22cd4dfcfbda92"}
{"question": "Where is the statue, De Verwoeste Stad located?", "paragraph": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). The statue stands near the Leuvehaven, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "answer": "The statue stands near the Leuvehaven", "sentence": "The statue stands near the Leuvehaven , not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "paragraph_sentence": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). <hl> The statue stands near the Leuvehaven , not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "During World War II, the German army invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940. Adolf Hitler had hoped to conquer the country in just one day, but his forces met unexpectedly fierce resistance. The Dutch army was finally forced to capitulate on 15 May 1940, following Hitler's bombing Rotterdam on 14 May and threatening to bomb other Dutch cities. The heart of Rotterdam was almost completely destroyed by the Luftwaffe. Some 80,000 civilians were made homeless and 900 were killed; a relatively low number given that many had fled the city because of the warfare and bombing going on in Rotterdam since the start of the invasion three days earlier. The City Hall survived the bombing. Ossip Zadkine later attempted to capture the event with his statue De Verwoeste Stad ('The Destroyed City'). <hl> The statue stands near the Leuvehaven <hl>, not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The statue stands near the Leuvehaven <hl> , not far from the Erasmusbrug in the centre of the city, on the north shore of the river Nieuwe Maas.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ffb72b22cd4dfcfbe9ce"}
{"question": "What is postmodernism often associated with?", "paragraph": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "answer": "deconstruction and post-structuralism", "sentence": "It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. <hl> It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernism is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Postmodernism articulates that the world is in a state of perpetual incompleteness and permanent unresolve. Postmodernism promotes the notion of pluralism; that there are many ways of knowing, and many truths to a fact. From a postmodern perspective knowledge is articulated from local perspectives, with all its uncertainties, complexity and paradox. Thus knowledge is relational and all realities are woven on local linguistic looms. Postmodernism includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with <hl> deconstruction and post-structuralism <hl> because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "sentence_answer": "It is often associated with <hl> deconstruction and post-structuralism <hl> because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.", "paragraph_id": "5d6745a32b22cd4dfcfbf4a8"}
{"question": "When did the first US team join the NHL?", "paragraph": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917, the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924, followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. Following these teams were the New York Rangers, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Detroit Cougars (who later became the Red Wings). The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "answer": "1924", "sentence": "After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924 , followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925.", "paragraph_sentence": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917, the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. <hl> After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in 1924 , followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. <hl> Following these teams were the New York Rangers, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Detroit Cougars (who later became the Red Wings). The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "paragraph_answer": "After the National Hockey Association decided to disband in 1917, the result was the creation of the National Hockey League. After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in <hl> 1924 <hl>, followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925. Following these teams were the New York Rangers, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Detroit Cougars (who later became the Red Wings). The Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Americans eventually dropped out of the league, leaving the NHL composed of the famous Original Six teams, the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, and the Montreal Canadiens.", "sentence_answer": "After the formation of this new league, the Boston Bruins became the first United States team to join the NHL in <hl> 1924 <hl> , followed by The New York Americans and Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6412b22cd4dfcfbd1cf"}
{"question": "Which Sultan of Istanbul was known for his progressive policies?", "paragraph": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s. Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Istanbul over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire.", "answer": "Mahmud II", "sentence": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan Mahmud II and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. <hl> Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s. Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Istanbul over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan <hl> Mahmud II <hl> and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city. Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period, and Istanbul was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s. Modern facilities, such as a water supply network, electricity, telephones, and trams, were gradually introduced to Istanbul over the following decades, although later than to other European cities. The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire.", "sentence_answer": "A period of rebellion at the start of the 19th century led to the rise of the progressive Sultan <hl> Mahmud II <hl> and eventually to the Tanzimat period, which produced political reforms and allowed new technology to be introduced to the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e4872b22cd4dfcfbd16c"}
{"question": "In what region is Istanbul located?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "answer": "Marmara Region", "sentence": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the Marmara Region on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. <hl> The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the <hl> Marmara Region <hl> on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side. The city is further divided by the Golden Horn, a natural harbor bounding the peninsula where the former Byzantium and Constantinople were founded. The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus, and the Golden Horn at the heart of present-day Istanbul has deterred attacking forces for thousands of years and remains a prominent feature of the city's landscape.", "sentence_answer": "Istanbul is located in north-western Turkey within the <hl> Marmara Region <hl> on a total area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi).[c] The Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara to the Black Sea, divides the city into a European, Thracian side\u2014comprising the historic and economic centers\u2014and an Asian, Anatolian side.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8802b22cd4dfcfbcd24"}
{"question": "What was the HEARTH Act trying to stop from happening to American citizens?", "paragraph": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "answer": "homelessness", "sentence": "The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness , rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories.", "paragraph_sentence": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. <hl> The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness , rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. <hl> In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "paragraph_answer": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of <hl> homelessness <hl>, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "sentence_answer": "The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of <hl> homelessness <hl> , rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f51e2b22cd4dfcfbd3f8"}
{"question": "What unusual name change often happens in Kerala?", "paragraph": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "answer": "the spouse adopts her husband's first name", "sentence": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that the spouse adopts her husband's first name instead of his family or surname name after marriage. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that <hl> the spouse adopts her husband's first name <hl> instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "sentence_answer": "It is a common in Kerala and some other parts of South India that <hl> the spouse adopts her husband's first name <hl> instead of his family or surname name after marriage.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f4382b22cd4dfcfbe758"}
{"question": "On what body of water was an early form of hockey played?", "paragraph": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Mi'kmaq in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse). Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario. The number of players was often large. To this day, shinney (derived from \"shinty\") is a popular Canadian term for an informal type of hockey, either ice or street hockey.", "answer": "St. Lawrence River", "sentence": "Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario.", "paragraph_sentence": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Mi'kmaq in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse). <hl> Shinney was played on the St. Lawrence River at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario. <hl> The number of players was often large. To this day, shinney (derived from \"shinty\") is a popular Canadian term for an informal type of hockey, either ice or street hockey.", "paragraph_answer": "Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or \"shinny\"), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia.[citation needed] Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Mi'kmaq in Nova Scotia called dehuntshigwa'es (lacrosse). Shinney was played on the <hl> St. Lawrence River <hl> at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario. The number of players was often large. To this day, shinney (derived from \"shinty\") is a popular Canadian term for an informal type of hockey, either ice or street hockey.", "sentence_answer": "Shinney was played on the <hl> St. Lawrence River <hl> at Montreal and Quebec City, and in Kingston, Ontario and Ottawa, Ontario.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dfa72b22cd4dfcfbd068"}
{"question": "When were games held in Vancouver?", "paragraph": "Ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924 (and was played at the summer games in 1920). Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. The USSR won all but two gold medals from 1956 to 1988 as well as a final time as the Unified Team at the 1992 Albertville Olympics. The United States won their first gold medal in 1960. On the way to winning the gold medal at the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics amateur US college players defeated the heavily favoured Soviet squad \u2013 an event known as the \"Miracle on Ice\" in the United States. Restrictions on professional players were fully dropped at the 1998 games in Nagano. The Games saw the full participation of players from the NHL, which suspended operations during the Games and has done so in subsequent Games. The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. The 2010 games were the first played on NHL-sized ice rinks, which are narrower than the IIHF standard.", "answer": "The 2010 games", "sentence": "The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players.", "paragraph_sentence": "Ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924 (and was played at the summer games in 1920). Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. The USSR won all but two gold medals from 1956 to 1988 as well as a final time as the Unified Team at the 1992 Albertville Olympics. The United States won their first gold medal in 1960. On the way to winning the gold medal at the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics amateur US college players defeated the heavily favoured Soviet squad \u2013 an event known as the \"Miracle on Ice\" in the United States. Restrictions on professional players were fully dropped at the 1998 games in Nagano. The Games saw the full participation of players from the NHL, which suspended operations during the Games and has done so in subsequent Games. <hl> The 2010 games in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. <hl> The 2010 games were the first played on NHL-sized ice rinks, which are narrower than the IIHF standard.", "paragraph_answer": "Ice hockey has been played at the Winter Olympics since 1924 (and was played at the summer games in 1920). Canada won six of the first seven gold medals to 1952, the exception occurring in 1936 when Great Britain won. The USSR won all but two gold medals from 1956 to 1988 as well as a final time as the Unified Team at the 1992 Albertville Olympics. The United States won their first gold medal in 1960. On the way to winning the gold medal at the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics amateur US college players defeated the heavily favoured Soviet squad \u2013 an event known as the \"Miracle on Ice\" in the United States. Restrictions on professional players were fully dropped at the 1998 games in Nagano. The Games saw the full participation of players from the NHL, which suspended operations during the Games and has done so in subsequent Games. <hl> The 2010 games <hl> in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players. The 2010 games were the first played on NHL-sized ice rinks, which are narrower than the IIHF standard.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The 2010 games <hl> in Vancouver were the first played in an NHL city since the inclusion of NHL players.", "paragraph_id": "5d66934c2b22cd4dfcfbe2e2"}
{"question": "Who created the algebraic formulation of mythological transformation?", "paragraph": "Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. Like structuralists, they start from the assumption that people's identities, values and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism.  But they nevertheless tended to explore how the subjects of their study might be described, reductively, as a set of essential relationships, schematics, or mathematical symbols. (An example is Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss's algebraic formulation of mythological transformation in \"The Structural Study of Myth\"). Post-structuralists thinkers went further, questioning the existence of any distinction between the nature of a thing and its relationship to other things.", "answer": "Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss", "sentence": "(An example is Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss 's", "paragraph_sentence": "Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. Like structuralists, they start from the assumption that people's identities, values and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism. But they nevertheless tended to explore how the subjects of their study might be described, reductively, as a set of essential relationships, schematics, or mathematical symbols. <hl> (An example is Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss 's <hl> algebraic formulation of mythological transformation in \"The Structural Study of Myth\"). Post-structuralists thinkers went further, questioning the existence of any distinction between the nature of a thing and its relationship to other things.", "paragraph_answer": "Post-structuralism is not defined by a set of shared axioms or methodologies, but by an emphasis on how various aspects of a particular culture, from its most ordinary, everyday material details to its most abstract theories and beliefs, determine one another. Post-structuralist thinkers reject Reductionism and Epiphenomenalism and the idea that cause-and-effect relationships are top-down or bottom-up. Like structuralists, they start from the assumption that people's identities, values and economic conditions determine each other rather than having intrinsic properties that can be understood in isolation. Thus the French structuralists considered themselves to be espousing Relativism and Constructionism. But they nevertheless tended to explore how the subjects of their study might be described, reductively, as a set of essential relationships, schematics, or mathematical symbols. (An example is <hl> Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss <hl>'s algebraic formulation of mythological transformation in \"The Structural Study of Myth\"). Post-structuralists thinkers went further, questioning the existence of any distinction between the nature of a thing and its relationship to other things.", "sentence_answer": "(An example is <hl> Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss <hl> 's", "paragraph_id": "5d67cbc12b22cd4dfcfc024d"}
{"question": "What political party is divided over the topic of climate change?", "paragraph": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "answer": "Republicans", "sentence": "Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming.", "paragraph_sentence": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. <hl> Republicans are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. <hl> While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "paragraph_answer": "Since the 1990s, a significant part of the US conservative movement has worked to challenge climate science and climate policy. <hl> Republicans <hl> are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming. While the scientific consensus for human activity created climate-warming is around 97%, according to a Pew Research survey, 44% of American adults in the general public acknowledged human activity as the cause of climate change, and 23% of Republicans. Republican views on global warming and scientific consensus on climate change show a similar trend, and few Republican lawmakers support climate policy that builds on international consensus.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Republicans <hl> are divided over acknowledging the human causes of climate change and global warming.", "paragraph_id": "5d6741ab2b22cd4dfcfbf417"}
{"question": "Where are these surnames generally located in Alava?", "paragraph": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "answer": "throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain", "sentence": "These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. <hl> These type of customary compound surnames used to be found throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.) <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike other true compound surnames, which resulted from the merging of a previously paternal and maternal surname, the \u00c1lava compound surname is characterized for having the first portion of the surname as a patronymic, normally a Spanish patronymic (i.e. from the Castilian language) or more unusually a Basque language patronymic, followed by the preposition \"de\", with the second part of the surname being a local toponymic surname from \u00c1lava. While this form of compound surname can be found in other regions of Spain, albeit scarcely, it is only in \u00c1lava that it has persisted. These type of customary compound surnames used to be found <hl> throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain <hl> generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "sentence_answer": "These type of customary compound surnames used to be found <hl> throughout Guip\u00fazcoa, Navarra, Soria, Logro\u00f1o, and most of Green Spain <hl> generally (i.e. the Spanish northern maritime fa\u00e7ade exposed to the Atlantic Ocean which runs along the coastal strip lying north of the Cantabrian and Basque mountains, along the Bay of Biscay.)", "paragraph_id": "5d671aba2b22cd4dfcfbef56"}
{"question": "When was the position of sheriff eliminated in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "Unlike all but one other state (Rhode Island), Connecticut does not have county government. Connecticut county governments were mostly eliminated in 1960, with the exception of sheriffs elected in each county. In 2000, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories. The judicial system is divided, at the trial court level, into judicial districts which largely follow the old county lines. The eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical and statistical purposes, such as weather reports, and census reporting.", "answer": "2000", "sentence": "In 2000 , the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories.", "paragraph_sentence": "Unlike all but one other state (Rhode Island), Connecticut does not have county government. Connecticut county governments were mostly eliminated in 1960, with the exception of sheriffs elected in each county. <hl> In 2000 , the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories. <hl> The judicial system is divided, at the trial court level, into judicial districts which largely follow the old county lines. The eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical and statistical purposes, such as weather reports, and census reporting.", "paragraph_answer": "Unlike all but one other state (Rhode Island), Connecticut does not have county government. Connecticut county governments were mostly eliminated in 1960, with the exception of sheriffs elected in each county. In <hl> 2000 <hl>, the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories. The judicial system is divided, at the trial court level, into judicial districts which largely follow the old county lines. The eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical and statistical purposes, such as weather reports, and census reporting.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 2000 <hl> , the county sheriff was abolished and replaced with the state marshal system, which has districts that follow the old county territories.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6712b22cd4dfcfbd1df"}
{"question": "What is the last server edition of Windows to support IA-64?", "paragraph": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "answer": "Server 2008 R2", "sentence": "Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "paragraph_sentence": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. <hl> Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows Server 2008 R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture (IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, released in 2005, is the last Windows client operating systems to support Itanium. Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows <hl> Server 2008 R2 <hl> is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "sentence_answer": "Windows Server line continued to support this platform until Windows Server 2012; Windows <hl> Server 2008 R2 <hl> is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.", "paragraph_id": "5d67aa7b2b22cd4dfcfbff6c"}
{"question": "In 1340 what did Rotterdam grow into?", "paragraph": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre. Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "answer": "a major logistic and economic centre", "sentence": "In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre .", "paragraph_sentence": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. <hl> In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into a major logistic and economic centre . <hl> Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "paragraph_answer": "Rotterdam (/\u02c8r\u0252t\u0259rd\u00e6m/ or /\u02ccr\u0252t\u0259r\u02c8d\u00e6m/; Dutch: [\u02ccr\u0254t\u0259r\u02c8d\u0251m] (listen)) is a city in South Holland, the Netherlands, located geographically within the Rhine\u2013Meuse\u2013Scheldt river delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270 when a dam was constructed in the Rotte river and people settled around it for safety. In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into <hl> a major logistic and economic centre <hl>. Nowadays it is home to Europe's largest port and has a population of 630,383 (2017, city proper), ranking second in the Netherlands. The Greater Rijnmond area is home to approximately 1.4 million people and the Rotterdam The Hague urban area makes for the 168th most populous urban area in the world. Rotterdam is part of the yet larger Randstad conurbation with a total population of 7,100,000.", "sentence_answer": "In 1340 Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland and slowly grew into <hl> a major logistic and economic centre <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc052b22cd4dfcfbe8f5"}
{"question": "What do archaebacteria contain?", "paragraph": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "answer": "dialkylether variants", "sentence": "Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria.", "paragraph_sentence": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. <hl> Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as dialkylether variants in archaebacteria. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Examples of glycerophospholipids found in biological membranes are phosphatidylcholine (also known as PC, GPCho or lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE or GPEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PS or GPSer). In addition to serving as a primary component of cellular membranes and binding sites for intra- and intercellular proteins, some glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic cells, such as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidic acids are either precursors of or, themselves, membrane-derived second messengers. Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as <hl> dialkylether variants <hl> in archaebacteria.", "sentence_answer": "Typically, one or both of these hydroxyl groups are acylated with long-chain fatty acids, but there are also alkyl-linked and 1Z-alkenyl-linked (plasmalogen) glycerophospholipids, as well as <hl> dialkylether variants <hl> in archaebacteria.", "paragraph_id": "5d674fe12b22cd4dfcfbf65f"}
{"question": "What kind of export trade flourished in Europe?", "paragraph": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "answer": "fur-pelt", "sentence": "In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region.", "paragraph_sentence": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. <hl> In New York, a fur-pelt export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. <hl> After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "paragraph_answer": "Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour. In New York, a <hl> fur-pelt <hl> export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region. After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming stimulated with the international demand for wheat. A massive population explosion in Europe brought wheat prices up. By 1770, a bushel of wheat cost twice as much as it did in 1720. Farmers also expanded their production of flax seed and corn since flax was a high demand in the Irish linen industry and a demand for corn existed in the West Indies. Thus, by mid-century, most colonial farming was a commercial venture, although subsistence agriculture continued to exist in New England and the middle colonies.", "sentence_answer": "In New York, a <hl> fur-pelt <hl> export trade to Europe flourished adding additional wealth to the region.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609292b22cd4dfcfbd668"}
{"question": "Who creates the protocols for the internet?", "paragraph": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "answer": "Voluntary boards", "sentence": "Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones.", "paragraph_sentence": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. <hl> Voluntary boards establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. <hl> Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "paragraph_answer": "The internet is an example of an extremely decentralized network, having no owners at all (although some have argued that this is less the case in recent years). \"No one is in charge of internet, and everyone is.\" As long as they follow a certain minimal number of rules, anyone can be a service provider or a user. <hl> Voluntary boards <hl> establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones. Other examples of open source or decentralized movements are Wikis which allow users to add, modify, or delete content via the internet. Wikipedia has been described as decentralized. Smartphones have greatly increased the role of decentralized social network services in daily lives worldwide.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Voluntary boards <hl> establish protocols, but cannot stop anyone from developing new ones.", "paragraph_id": "5d65d8ab2b22cd4dfcfbcee4"}
{"question": "Where did the captives who were sold usually come from?", "paragraph": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "answer": "neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups", "sentence": "The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups .[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ;", "paragraph_sentence": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. <hl> The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups .[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; <hl> African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Africans played a direct role in the slave trade, selling their captives or prisoners of war to European buyers. The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from <hl> neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups <hl>.[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ; African kings held no particular loyalty to them. Sometimes criminals would be sold so that they could no longer commit crimes in that area. Most other slaves were obtained from kidnappings, or through raids that occurred at gunpoint through joint ventures with the Europeans. But some African kings refused to sell any of their captives or criminals. King Jaja of Opobo, a former slave, refused to do business with the slavers completely.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "The prisoners and captives who were sold were usually from <hl> neighbouring or enemy ethnic groups <hl> .[citation needed] These captive slaves were considered \"other\", not part of the people of the ethnic group or \"tribe\" ;", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8882b22cd4dfcfbd494"}
{"question": "What was the original Windows NT OS known as?", "paragraph": "The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. Windows NT 3.5 was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell's NetWare, and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000, a successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand.", "answer": "Windows NT 3.1", "sentence": "The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3.1 (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. <hl> Windows NT 3.5 was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell's NetWare, and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000, a successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand.", "paragraph_answer": "The first release of the resulting operating system, <hl> Windows NT 3.1 <hl> (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers. Windows NT 3.5 was released in September 1994, focusing on performance improvements and support for Novell's NetWare, and was followed up by Windows NT 3.51 in May 1995, which included additional improvements and support for the PowerPC architecture. Windows NT 4.0 was released in June 1996, introducing the redesigned interface of Windows 95 to the NT series. On February 17, 2000, Microsoft released Windows 2000, a successor to NT 4.0. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand.", "sentence_answer": "The first release of the resulting operating system, <hl> Windows NT 3.1 <hl> (named to associate it with Windows 3.1) was released in July 1993, with versions for desktop workstations and servers.", "paragraph_id": "5d67115a2b22cd4dfcfbed4c"}
{"question": "What Croatian group harassed the Serbian people?", "paragraph": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in late 1941. In other areas, recruitment of Croats was hindered by some Serbs' tendency to view the organisation as exclusively Serb, rejecting non-Serb members and raiding the villages of their Croat neighbours. A group of Jewish youths from Sarajevo attempted to join a Partisan detachment in Kalinovnik, but the Serbian Partisans turned them back to Sarajevo, where many were captured by the Axis forces and perished. Attacks from Croatian Usta\u0161e on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "answer": "Usta\u0161e", "sentence": "Attacks from Croatian Usta\u0161e on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "paragraph_sentence": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in late 1941. In other areas, recruitment of Croats was hindered by some Serbs' tendency to view the organisation as exclusively Serb, rejecting non-Serb members and raiding the villages of their Croat neighbours. A group of Jewish youths from Sarajevo attempted to join a Partisan detachment in Kalinovnik, but the Serbian Partisans turned them back to Sarajevo, where many were captured by the Axis forces and perished. <hl> Attacks from Croatian Usta\u0161e on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In particular, Mussolini's policy of forced Italianization ensured the first significant number of Croats joining the Partisans in late 1941. In other areas, recruitment of Croats was hindered by some Serbs' tendency to view the organisation as exclusively Serb, rejecting non-Serb members and raiding the villages of their Croat neighbours. A group of Jewish youths from Sarajevo attempted to join a Partisan detachment in Kalinovnik, but the Serbian Partisans turned them back to Sarajevo, where many were captured by the Axis forces and perished. Attacks from Croatian <hl> Usta\u0161e <hl> on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "sentence_answer": "Attacks from Croatian <hl> Usta\u0161e <hl> on the Serbian population was considered to be one of the important reasons for the rise of guerrilla activities, thus aiding an ever growing Partisan resistance.", "paragraph_id": "5d66fce42b22cd4dfcfbe943"}
{"question": "What is the longest amount of time that an argument can be presented orally in the Supreme Court of Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "answer": "thirty minutes", "sentence": "Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes .", "paragraph_sentence": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. <hl> Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes . <hl> Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "paragraph_answer": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than <hl> thirty minutes <hl>. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "sentence_answer": "Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than <hl> thirty minutes <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e58c2b22cd4dfcfbd19c"}
{"question": "Where is the Ishtar Gate of Babylon located today?", "paragraph": "The Ishtar Gate of Babylon, now in Berlin, has low reliefs of large animals formed from moulded bricks, glazed in colour. Plaster, which made the technique far easier, was widely used in Egypt and the Near East from antiquity into Islamic times (latterly for architectural decoration, as at the Alhambra), Rome, and Europe from at least the Renaissance, as well as probably elsewhere.  However, it needs very good conditions to survive long in unmaintained buildings \u2013 Roman decorative plasterwork is mainly known from Pompeii and other sites buried by ash from Mount Vesuvius.  Low relief was relatively rare in Western medieval art, but may be found, for example in wooden figures or scenes on the insides of the folding wings of multi-panel altarpieces.", "answer": "Berlin", "sentence": "The Ishtar Gate of Babylon, now in Berlin , has low reliefs of large animals formed from moulded bricks, glazed in colour.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Ishtar Gate of Babylon, now in Berlin , has low reliefs of large animals formed from moulded bricks, glazed in colour. <hl> Plaster, which made the technique far easier, was widely used in Egypt and the Near East from antiquity into Islamic times (latterly for architectural decoration, as at the Alhambra), Rome, and Europe from at least the Renaissance, as well as probably elsewhere. However, it needs very good conditions to survive long in unmaintained buildings \u2013 Roman decorative plasterwork is mainly known from Pompeii and other sites buried by ash from Mount Vesuvius. Low relief was relatively rare in Western medieval art, but may be found, for example in wooden figures or scenes on the insides of the folding wings of multi-panel altarpieces.", "paragraph_answer": "The Ishtar Gate of Babylon, now in <hl> Berlin <hl>, has low reliefs of large animals formed from moulded bricks, glazed in colour. Plaster, which made the technique far easier, was widely used in Egypt and the Near East from antiquity into Islamic times (latterly for architectural decoration, as at the Alhambra), Rome, and Europe from at least the Renaissance, as well as probably elsewhere. However, it needs very good conditions to survive long in unmaintained buildings \u2013 Roman decorative plasterwork is mainly known from Pompeii and other sites buried by ash from Mount Vesuvius. Low relief was relatively rare in Western medieval art, but may be found, for example in wooden figures or scenes on the insides of the folding wings of multi-panel altarpieces.", "sentence_answer": "The Ishtar Gate of Babylon, now in <hl> Berlin <hl> , has low reliefs of large animals formed from moulded bricks, glazed in colour.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c58b2b22cd4dfcfc01a8"}
{"question": "What is the most populous region of Connectitcut called?", "paragraph": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "answer": "the Gold Coast", "sentence": "Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast ) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. <hl> Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly the Gold Coast ) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. <hl> Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1790, 97% of the population in Connecticut was classified as \"rural.\" The first census in which less than half the population was classified as rural was 1890. In the 2000 census, it was only 12.3%. Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly <hl> the Gold Coast <hl>) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state. Eastern Connecticut is more culturally influenced by the greater New England area, including the cities of Boston and Providence. The center of population of Connecticut is located in the town of Cheshire.", "sentence_answer": "Most of western and southern Connecticut (particularly <hl> the Gold Coast <hl> ) is strongly associated with New York City; this area is the most affluent and populous region of the state.", "paragraph_id": "5d66187a2b22cd4dfcfbd857"}
{"question": "What options do Connecticut residents who register have", "paragraph": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party.", "answer": "declaring an affiliation to a political party", "sentence": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party , may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of declaring an affiliation to a political party , may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. <hl> As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of <hl> declaring an affiliation to a political party <hl>, may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods. As of 2013[update] about 58% of registered voters are enrolled (about 1% total in 18 third parties minor parties), and ratios among unaffiliated voters and the two major parties are about 8 unaffiliated for every 7 in the Democratic Party of Connecticut and for every 4 in the Connecticut Republican Party.", "sentence_answer": "Connecticut residents who register to vote have the option of <hl> declaring an affiliation to a political party <hl> , may become unaffiliated at will, and may change affiliations subject to certain waiting periods.", "paragraph_id": "5d6680b52b22cd4dfcfbe0ea"}
{"question": "In which year the Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded?", "paragraph": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. They sought to reform the Church of England by creating a new, pure church in the New World. By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. During the 17th century the New Haven and Saybrook colonies were absorbed by Connecticut.", "answer": "1629", "sentence": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. <hl> They sought to reform the Church of England by creating a new, pure church in the New World. By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. During the 17th century the New Haven and Saybrook colonies were absorbed by Connecticut.", "paragraph_answer": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in <hl> 1629 <hl> with 400 settlers. They sought to reform the Church of England by creating a new, pure church in the New World. By 1640, 20,000 had arrived; many died soon after arrival, but the others found a healthy climate and an ample food supply. The Massachusetts settlement spawned other Puritan colonies in New England, including the New Haven, Saybrook, and Connecticut colonies. During the 17th century the New Haven and Saybrook colonies were absorbed by Connecticut.", "sentence_answer": "The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in <hl> 1629 <hl> with 400 settlers.", "paragraph_id": "5d662d0b2b22cd4dfcfbda8f"}
{"question": "Who wanted to make changes to the system for electing senators in 2013?", "paragraph": "Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes. The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon \u2212 a three-vote majority. The Senate reform legislation passed both houses of the Parliament of Australia on 18 March 2016 after the Senate sat all night debating the bill.", "answer": "the Abbott Liberal government", "sentence": "Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Following the 2013 election, the Abbott Liberal government announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. <hl> On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes. The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon \u2212 a three-vote majority. The Senate reform legislation passed both houses of the Parliament of Australia on 18 March 2016 after the Senate sat all night debating the bill.", "paragraph_answer": "Following the 2013 election, <hl> the Abbott Liberal government <hl> announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate. On 22 February 2016, the Turnbull Liberal government announced several proposed changes. The changes had the support of the Liberal/National Coalition, the Australian Greens, and Nick Xenophon \u2212 a three-vote majority. The Senate reform legislation passed both houses of the Parliament of Australia on 18 March 2016 after the Senate sat all night debating the bill.", "sentence_answer": "Following the 2013 election, <hl> the Abbott Liberal government <hl> announced it would investigate changing the electoral system for the Senate.", "paragraph_id": "5d65cf772b22cd4dfcfbcdb8"}
{"question": "Which agency was created as a condition of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987?", "paragraph": "The Federal government contains one agency that focuses on the issue of homelessness in America, and it has had a much greater role in the policy community since its revitalization at the beginning of the decade and its continued appropriations in the HEARTH Act. The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH),a federal agency contained in the Executive Branch, was established in 1987 as a requirement of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987. Since its revitalization in 2001 as an agency independent from the Executive Office of the President and reauthorization in 2009, USICH serves as the coordinating body of all 19 federal agencies and their programs and initiatives to serve the homeless population. Its mission is to, \"coordinate the Federal response to homelessness and to create a national partnership at every lever of government and with the private sector to reduce and end homelessness in the nation while maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal Government in contributing to the end of homelessness.\" USICH has taken on a much greater role in Federal-level initiatives to end homelessness in the United States since exiting the Executive Office of the President and notably since the enactment of the HEARTH Act, in which it was mandated that USICH provide leadership in developing a national strategic plan to prevent and end homelessness. Since its authorization as an independent agency, USICH been able to work with stakeholders across all government sectors and at all levels to promote collaboration and best practices within the homeless service provider community.", "answer": "The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness", "sentence": "The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH),a federal agency contained in the Executive Branch, was established in 1987 as a requirement of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Federal government contains one agency that focuses on the issue of homelessness in America, and it has had a much greater role in the policy community since its revitalization at the beginning of the decade and its continued appropriations in the HEARTH Act. <hl> The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH),a federal agency contained in the Executive Branch, was established in 1987 as a requirement of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987. <hl> Since its revitalization in 2001 as an agency independent from the Executive Office of the President and reauthorization in 2009, USICH serves as the coordinating body of all 19 federal agencies and their programs and initiatives to serve the homeless population. Its mission is to, \"coordinate the Federal response to homelessness and to create a national partnership at every lever of government and with the private sector to reduce and end homelessness in the nation while maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal Government in contributing to the end of homelessness.\" USICH has taken on a much greater role in Federal-level initiatives to end homelessness in the United States since exiting the Executive Office of the President and notably since the enactment of the HEARTH Act, in which it was mandated that USICH provide leadership in developing a national strategic plan to prevent and end homelessness. Since its authorization as an independent agency, USICH been able to work with stakeholders across all government sectors and at all levels to promote collaboration and best practices within the homeless service provider community.", "paragraph_answer": "The Federal government contains one agency that focuses on the issue of homelessness in America, and it has had a much greater role in the policy community since its revitalization at the beginning of the decade and its continued appropriations in the HEARTH Act. <hl> The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness <hl> (USICH),a federal agency contained in the Executive Branch, was established in 1987 as a requirement of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987. Since its revitalization in 2001 as an agency independent from the Executive Office of the President and reauthorization in 2009, USICH serves as the coordinating body of all 19 federal agencies and their programs and initiatives to serve the homeless population. Its mission is to, \"coordinate the Federal response to homelessness and to create a national partnership at every lever of government and with the private sector to reduce and end homelessness in the nation while maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal Government in contributing to the end of homelessness.\" USICH has taken on a much greater role in Federal-level initiatives to end homelessness in the United States since exiting the Executive Office of the President and notably since the enactment of the HEARTH Act, in which it was mandated that USICH provide leadership in developing a national strategic plan to prevent and end homelessness. Since its authorization as an independent agency, USICH been able to work with stakeholders across all government sectors and at all levels to promote collaboration and best practices within the homeless service provider community.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness <hl> (USICH),a federal agency contained in the Executive Branch, was established in 1987 as a requirement of the McKinney-Vento Act of 1987.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f8dc2b22cd4dfcfbd49e"}
{"question": "In which decade was the Nothnagle Log House built?", "paragraph": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "answer": "1630s", "sentence": "The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. <hl> The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late 1630s during the time of the New Sweden colony. <hl> It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. The colonists also introduced the log cabin to America, and numerous rivers, towns, and families in the lower Delaware River Valley region derive their names from the Swedes. The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late <hl> 1630s <hl> during the time of the New Sweden colony. It remains the oldest European-built house in New Jersey and is believed to be one of the oldest surviving log houses in the United States.", "sentence_answer": "The Nothnagle Log House in present-day Gibbstown, New Jersey was constructed in the late <hl> 1630s <hl> during the time of the New Sweden colony.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e6642b22cd4dfcfbd1d6"}
{"question": "Would you consider the structual desgin a simple or complex process?", "paragraph": "The structural design for a building must ensure that the building is able to stand up safely, able to function without excessive deflections or movements which may cause fatigue of structural elements, cracking or failure of fixtures, fittings or partitions, or discomfort for occupants. It must account for movements and forces due to temperature, creep, cracking and imposed loads. It must also ensure that the design is practically buildable within acceptable manufacturing tolerances of the materials. It must allow the architecture to work, and the building services to fit within the building and function (air conditioning, ventilation, smoke extract, electrics, lighting etc.). The structural design of a modern building can be extremely complex, and often requires a large team to complete.", "answer": "extremely complex", "sentence": "The structural design of a modern building can be extremely complex , and often requires a large team to complete.", "paragraph_sentence": "The structural design for a building must ensure that the building is able to stand up safely, able to function without excessive deflections or movements which may cause fatigue of structural elements, cracking or failure of fixtures, fittings or partitions, or discomfort for occupants. It must account for movements and forces due to temperature, creep, cracking and imposed loads. It must also ensure that the design is practically buildable within acceptable manufacturing tolerances of the materials. It must allow the architecture to work, and the building services to fit within the building and function (air conditioning, ventilation, smoke extract, electrics, lighting etc.). <hl> The structural design of a modern building can be extremely complex , and often requires a large team to complete. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The structural design for a building must ensure that the building is able to stand up safely, able to function without excessive deflections or movements which may cause fatigue of structural elements, cracking or failure of fixtures, fittings or partitions, or discomfort for occupants. It must account for movements and forces due to temperature, creep, cracking and imposed loads. It must also ensure that the design is practically buildable within acceptable manufacturing tolerances of the materials. It must allow the architecture to work, and the building services to fit within the building and function (air conditioning, ventilation, smoke extract, electrics, lighting etc.). The structural design of a modern building can be <hl> extremely complex <hl>, and often requires a large team to complete.", "sentence_answer": "The structural design of a modern building can be <hl> extremely complex <hl> , and often requires a large team to complete.", "paragraph_id": "5d6725d62b22cd4dfcfbf0cb"}
{"question": "What is the reasoning behind this style of editin?", "paragraph": "At the copyediting end of the publishing industry, where the aforementioned distinction between acronyms (pronounced as a word) and initialisms (pronounced as a series of letters) is usually maintained,[citation needed] some publishers choose to use cap/lowercase (c/lc) styling for acronyms, reserving all-caps styling for initialisms. Thus Nato and Aids (c/lc), but USA and FBI (caps). For example, this is the style used in The Guardian, and BBC News typically edits to this style (though its official style guide, dating from 2003, still recommends all-caps). The logic of this style is that the pronunciation is reflected graphically by the capitalization scheme.", "answer": "the pronunciation is reflected graphically by the capitalization scheme", "sentence": "The logic of this style is that the pronunciation is reflected graphically by the capitalization scheme .", "paragraph_sentence": "At the copyediting end of the publishing industry, where the aforementioned distinction between acronyms (pronounced as a word) and initialisms (pronounced as a series of letters) is usually maintained,[citation needed] some publishers choose to use cap/lowercase (c/lc) styling for acronyms, reserving all-caps styling for initialisms. Thus Nato and Aids (c/lc), but USA and FBI (caps). For example, this is the style used in The Guardian, and BBC News typically edits to this style (though its official style guide, dating from 2003, still recommends all-caps). <hl> The logic of this style is that the pronunciation is reflected graphically by the capitalization scheme . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "At the copyediting end of the publishing industry, where the aforementioned distinction between acronyms (pronounced as a word) and initialisms (pronounced as a series of letters) is usually maintained,[citation needed] some publishers choose to use cap/lowercase (c/lc) styling for acronyms, reserving all-caps styling for initialisms. Thus Nato and Aids (c/lc), but USA and FBI (caps). For example, this is the style used in The Guardian, and BBC News typically edits to this style (though its official style guide, dating from 2003, still recommends all-caps). The logic of this style is that <hl> the pronunciation is reflected graphically by the capitalization scheme <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The logic of this style is that <hl> the pronunciation is reflected graphically by the capitalization scheme <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65ab532b22cd4dfcfbcafd"}
{"question": "Why is liberalism more valuable in areas on a coast?", "paragraph": "If morality is the answer to the question 'how ought we to live' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. It is therefore unsurprising that evidence has been found of a relationship between attitudes in morality and politics. Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham have studied the differences between liberals and conservatives, in this regard. Haidt found that Americans who identified as liberals tended to value care and fairness higher than loyalty, respect and purity. Self-identified conservative Americans valued care and fairness less and the remaining three values more. Both groups gave care the highest over-all weighting, but conservatives valued fairness the lowest, whereas liberals valued purity the lowest. Haidt also hypothesizes that the origin of this division in the United States can be traced to geohistorical factors, with conservatism strongest in closely knit, ethnically homogenous communities, in contrast to port-cities, where the cultural mix is greater, thus requiring more liberalism.", "answer": "the cultural mix is greater", "sentence": "where the cultural mix is greater , thus requiring more liberalism.", "paragraph_sentence": "If morality is the answer to the question 'how ought we to live' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. It is therefore unsurprising that evidence has been found of a relationship between attitudes in morality and politics. Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham have studied the differences between liberals and conservatives, in this regard. Haidt found that Americans who identified as liberals tended to value care and fairness higher than loyalty, respect and purity. Self-identified conservative Americans valued care and fairness less and the remaining three values more. Both groups gave care the highest over-all weighting, but conservatives valued fairness the lowest, whereas liberals valued purity the lowest. Haidt also hypothesizes that the origin of this division in the United States can be traced to geohistorical factors, with conservatism strongest in closely knit, ethnically homogenous communities, in contrast to port-cities, <hl> where the cultural mix is greater , thus requiring more liberalism. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "If morality is the answer to the question 'how ought we to live' at the individual level, politics can be seen as addressing the same question at the social level, though the political sphere raises additional problems and challenges. It is therefore unsurprising that evidence has been found of a relationship between attitudes in morality and politics. Jonathan Haidt and Jesse Graham have studied the differences between liberals and conservatives, in this regard. Haidt found that Americans who identified as liberals tended to value care and fairness higher than loyalty, respect and purity. Self-identified conservative Americans valued care and fairness less and the remaining three values more. Both groups gave care the highest over-all weighting, but conservatives valued fairness the lowest, whereas liberals valued purity the lowest. Haidt also hypothesizes that the origin of this division in the United States can be traced to geohistorical factors, with conservatism strongest in closely knit, ethnically homogenous communities, in contrast to port-cities, where <hl> the cultural mix is greater <hl>, thus requiring more liberalism.", "sentence_answer": "where <hl> the cultural mix is greater <hl> , thus requiring more liberalism.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f8562b22cd4dfcfbe868"}
{"question": "What do Americans believe are the two most important issues in the country?", "paragraph": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "answer": "jobs and the economy", "sentence": "Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" <hl> Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that jobs and the economy are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" <hl> Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "paragraph_answer": "A March 2011 Gallup poll reported: \"One in four Americans say the best way to create more jobs in the U.S. is to keep manufacturing in this country and stop sending work overseas. Americans also suggest creating jobs by increasing infrastructure work, lowering taxes, helping small businesses, and reducing government regulation.\" Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that <hl> jobs and the economy <hl> are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\" Republicans and Democrats agreed that bringing the jobs home was the number one solution approach, but differed on other poll questions. Republicans next highest ranked items were lowering taxes and reducing regulation, while Democrats preferred infrastructure stimulus and more help for small businesses.", "sentence_answer": "Further, Gallup reported that: \"Americans consistently say that <hl> jobs and the economy <hl> are the most important problems facing the country, with 26% citing jobs specifically as the nation's most important problem in March.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d6763a52b22cd4dfcfbf98a"}
{"question": "What type of infrastructure investment is related to energy?", "paragraph": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "answer": "upgrading the electricity grid", "sentence": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and upgrading the electricity grid . <hl> Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "paragraph_answer": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and <hl> upgrading the electricity grid <hl>. Such investments have historically created or sustained millions of jobs, with the offset to higher state and federal budget deficits. In the wake of the 2008-2009 recession, there were over 2 million fewer employed housing construction workers. The American Society of Civil Engineers rated U.S. infrastructure a \"D+\" on their scorecard for 2013, identifying an estimated $3.6 trillion in investment ideas by 2020.", "sentence_answer": "Many experts advocate infrastructure investment, such as building roads and bridges and <hl> upgrading the electricity grid <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670f872b22cd4dfcfbece2"}
{"question": "What term was used to describe the vision of a decentralized electronic community?", "paragraph": "Inspired by system and cybernetics theorists like Norbert Wiener, Marshall McLuhan and Buckminster Fuller, in the 1960s Stewart Brand started the Whole Earth Catalog and later computer networking efforts to bring Silicon Valley computer technologists and entrepreneurs together with countercultural ideas. This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. Related ideas coming out of Silicon Valley included the free software and creative commons movements which produced visions of a \"networked information economy\".", "answer": "\"electronic frontier\"", "sentence": "This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society.", "paragraph_sentence": "Inspired by system and cybernetics theorists like Norbert Wiener, Marshall McLuhan and Buckminster Fuller, in the 1960s Stewart Brand started the Whole Earth Catalog and later computer networking efforts to bring Silicon Valley computer technologists and entrepreneurs together with countercultural ideas. <hl> This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. <hl> Related ideas coming out of Silicon Valley included the free software and creative commons movements which produced visions of a \"networked information economy\".", "paragraph_answer": "Inspired by system and cybernetics theorists like Norbert Wiener, Marshall McLuhan and Buckminster Fuller, in the 1960s Stewart Brand started the Whole Earth Catalog and later computer networking efforts to bring Silicon Valley computer technologists and entrepreneurs together with countercultural ideas. This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an <hl> \"electronic frontier\" <hl> which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. Related ideas coming out of Silicon Valley included the free software and creative commons movements which produced visions of a \"networked information economy\".", "sentence_answer": "This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an <hl> \"electronic frontier\" <hl> which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society.", "paragraph_id": "5d65da7f2b22cd4dfcfbcf26"}
{"question": "What did Windows 8 use for software distribution?", "paragraph": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "answer": "Windows Store", "sentence": "Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture.", "paragraph_sentence": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. <hl> Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. <hl> An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "paragraph_answer": "Windows 8, the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, 2012. A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs. These changes include the Start screen, which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices. Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the <hl> Windows Store <hl> service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture. An update to Windows 8, called Windows 8.1, was released on October 17, 2013, and includes features such as new live tile sizes, deeper SkyDrive integration, and many other revisions. Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 has been subject to some criticism, such as removal of Start Menu.", "sentence_answer": "Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms (such as social networks and Microsoft's own SkyDrive and Xbox Live services), the <hl> Windows Store <hl> service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture.", "paragraph_id": "5d6715cc2b22cd4dfcfbeeac"}
{"question": "When was Detroit founded?", "paragraph": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "answer": "1701", "sentence": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in 1701 . <hl> During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "paragraph_answer": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in <hl> 1701 <hl>. During the French and Indian War (1754\u20131763) many of these settlements became occupied by the British. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. At the end of the War for Independence in 1783, the region south of the Great Lakes formally became part of the United States.", "sentence_answer": "By 1660, French fur trappers, missionaries, and military detachments based in Montreal pushed west along the Great Lakes upriver into the Pays d'en Haut and founded outposts at Green Bay, Fort de Buade and Saint Ignace (both at Michilimackinac), Sault Sainte Marie, Vincennes, and Detroit in <hl> 1701 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e3222b22cd4dfcfbd11d"}
{"question": "The word Manhattan was translated as?", "paragraph": "The name \"Manhattan\" derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, an officer on Henry Hudson's yacht Halve Maen (Half Moon). A 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River (later named the Hudson River). The word \"Manhattan\" has been translated as \"island of many hills\" from the Lenape language.\nThe United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use \"New York, NY\" rather than \"Manhattan, NY\".", "answer": "island of many hills", "sentence": "The word \"Manhattan\" has been translated as \" island of many hills \" from the Lenape language.", "paragraph_sentence": "The name \"Manhattan\" derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, an officer on Henry Hudson's yacht Halve Maen (Half Moon). A 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River (later named the Hudson River). <hl> The word \"Manhattan\" has been translated as \" island of many hills \" from the Lenape language. <hl> The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use \"New York, NY\" rather than \"Manhattan, NY\".", "paragraph_answer": "The name \"Manhattan\" derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, an officer on Henry Hudson's yacht Halve Maen (Half Moon). A 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River (later named the Hudson River). The word \"Manhattan\" has been translated as \"<hl> island of many hills <hl>\" from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use \"New York, NY\" rather than \"Manhattan, NY\".", "sentence_answer": "The word \"Manhattan\" has been translated as \" <hl> island of many hills <hl> \" from the Lenape language.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e42d2b22cd4dfcfc03ba"}
{"question": "What is the process of creating fatty acids called?", "paragraph": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis. They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "answer": "fatty acid synthesis", "sentence": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called fatty acid synthesis . <hl> They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "paragraph_answer": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called <hl> fatty acid synthesis <hl>. They are made of a hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group; this arrangement confers the molecule with a polar, hydrophilic end, and a nonpolar, hydrophobic end that is insoluble in water. The fatty acid structure is one of the most fundamental categories of biological lipids, and is commonly used as a building-block of more structurally complex lipids. The carbon chain, typically between four and 24 carbons long, may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be attached to functional groups containing oxygen, halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. If a fatty acid contains a double bond, there is the possibility of either a cis or trans geometric isomerism, which significantly affects the molecule's configuration. Cis-double bonds cause the fatty acid chain to bend, an effect that is compounded with more double bonds in the chain. Three double bonds in 18-carbon linolenic acid, the most abundant fatty-acyl chains of plant thylakoid membranes, render these membranes highly fluid despite environmental low-temperatures, and also makes linolenic acid give dominating sharp peaks in high resolution 13-C NMR spectra of chloroplasts. This in turn plays an important role in the structure and function of cell membranes. Most naturally occurring fatty acids are of the cis configuration, although the trans form does exist in some natural and partially hydrogenated fats and oils.", "sentence_answer": "Fatty acids, or fatty acid residues when they are part of a lipid, are a diverse group of molecules synthesized by chain-elongation of an acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups in a process called <hl> fatty acid synthesis <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67d8dd2b22cd4dfcfc0309"}
{"question": "What is point O?", "paragraph": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "answer": "the origin", "sentence": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line ( the origin ), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line ( the origin ), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. <hl> An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "paragraph_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (<hl> the origin <hl>), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "sentence_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line ( <hl> the origin <hl> ), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713bf2b22cd4dfcfbee39"}
{"question": "More upward motion can lead to an increase in what weather phenomenon?", "paragraph": "The urban heat island warms cities 0.6 to 5.6 \u00b0C (1.1 to 10.1 \u00b0F) above surrounding suburbs and rural areas.  This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity.  Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116%.  Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind.  Some cities induce a total precipitation increase of 51%.", "answer": "shower and thunderstorm", "sentence": " This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity.", "paragraph_sentence": "The urban heat island warms cities 0.6 to 5.6 \u00b0C (1.1 to 10.1 \u00b0F) above surrounding suburbs and rural areas. <hl> This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional shower and thunderstorm activity. <hl> Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116%. Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind. Some cities induce a total precipitation increase of 51%.", "paragraph_answer": "The urban heat island warms cities 0.6 to 5.6 \u00b0C (1.1 to 10.1 \u00b0F) above surrounding suburbs and rural areas. This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional <hl> shower and thunderstorm <hl> activity. Rainfall rates downwind of cities are increased between 48% and 116%. Partly as a result of this warming, monthly rainfall is about 28% greater between 32 to 64 kilometres (20 to 40 mi) downwind of cities, compared with upwind. Some cities induce a total precipitation increase of 51%.", "sentence_answer": " This extra heat leads to greater upward motion, which can induce additional <hl> shower and thunderstorm <hl> activity.", "paragraph_id": "5d671bb92b22cd4dfcfbef79"}
{"question": "What is the City of Groton part of?", "paragraph": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "answer": "the Town of Groton", "sentence": "There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton , and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester.", "paragraph_sentence": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. <hl> There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton , and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. <hl> There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "paragraph_answer": "Connecticut shares with the rest of New England a governmental institution called the New England town. The state is divided into 169 towns, which serve as the fundamental political jurisdictions. There are also 21 cities, most of which are coterminous with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of <hl> the Town of Groton <hl>, and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester. There are also nine incorporated boroughs which may provide additional services to a section of town. One, Naugatuck, is a consolidated town and borough.", "sentence_answer": "There are two exceptions: City of Groton, which is a subsection of <hl> the Town of Groton <hl> , and the City of Winsted in the Town of Winchester.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e73a2b22cd4dfcfbd209"}
{"question": "What kind of society did the 1960s Silicon Valley pioneers wish to establish?", "paragraph": "Inspired by system and cybernetics theorists like Norbert Wiener, Marshall McLuhan and Buckminster Fuller, in the 1960s Stewart Brand started the Whole Earth Catalog and later computer networking efforts to bring Silicon Valley computer technologists and entrepreneurs together with countercultural ideas. This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. Related ideas coming out of Silicon Valley included the free software and creative commons movements which produced visions of a \"networked information economy\".", "answer": "egalitarian and free-market libertarian", "sentence": "This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society.", "paragraph_sentence": "Inspired by system and cybernetics theorists like Norbert Wiener, Marshall McLuhan and Buckminster Fuller, in the 1960s Stewart Brand started the Whole Earth Catalog and later computer networking efforts to bring Silicon Valley computer technologists and entrepreneurs together with countercultural ideas. <hl> This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, egalitarian and free-market libertarian society. <hl> Related ideas coming out of Silicon Valley included the free software and creative commons movements which produced visions of a \"networked information economy\".", "paragraph_answer": "Inspired by system and cybernetics theorists like Norbert Wiener, Marshall McLuhan and Buckminster Fuller, in the 1960s Stewart Brand started the Whole Earth Catalog and later computer networking efforts to bring Silicon Valley computer technologists and entrepreneurs together with countercultural ideas. This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, <hl> egalitarian and free-market libertarian <hl> society. Related ideas coming out of Silicon Valley included the free software and creative commons movements which produced visions of a \"networked information economy\".", "sentence_answer": "This resulted in ideas like personal computing, virtual communities and the vision of an \"electronic frontier\" which would be a more decentralized, <hl> egalitarian and free-market libertarian <hl> society.", "paragraph_id": "5d65da7f2b22cd4dfcfbcf27"}
{"question": "Where was the German prison camp called Stalag XVIII-D located?", "paragraph": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "answer": "Maribor", "sentence": "A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor , there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners.", "paragraph_sentence": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. <hl> A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from Maribor , there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. <hl> Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "paragraph_answer": "A total of 132 Allied prisoners of war were rescued from the Germans by the Partisans in a single operation in August 1944 in what is known as the Raid at O\u017ebalt. In June 1944, the Allied escape organization began to take an active interest in assisting prisoners from camps in southern Austria and evacuating them through Yugoslavia. A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from <hl> Maribor <hl>, there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners. Over 100 POWs were transported from Stalag XVIII-D at Maribor to O\u017ebalt each morning to do railway maintenance work, and returned to their quarters in the evening. Contact was made between Partisans and the prisoners with the result that at the end of August a group of seven slipped away past a sleeping guard at 15:00, and at 21:00 the men were celebrating with the Partisans in a village, 8 km (5.0 mi) away on the Yugoslav side of the border.", "sentence_answer": "A post of the Allied mission in northern Slovenia had found that at O\u017ebalt, just on the Austrian side of the border, about 50 km (31 mi) from <hl> Maribor <hl> , there was a poorly guarded working camp from which a raid by Slovene Partisans could free all the prisoners.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bc0e2b22cd4dfcfc00f3"}
{"question": "What french writer helped lay the ground work for second wave feminism?", "paragraph": "Before the second wave there were some important events which laid the groundwork for it. French writer Simone de Beauvoir had in the 1940s examined the notion of women being perceived as \"other\" in the patriarchal society. She went on to conclude that male-centered ideology was being accepted as a norm and enforced by the ongoing development of myths, and that the fact that women are capable of getting pregnant, lactating, and menstruating is in no way a valid cause or explanation to place them as the \"second sex\".\nThis book was translated from French to English (with some of its text excised) and published in America in 1953. In 1960 the Food and Drug Administration approved the combined oral contraceptive pill, which was made available in 1961. This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant. The administration of President Kennedy made women's rights a key issue of the New Frontier, and named women (such as Esther Peterson) to many high-ranking posts in his administration. Kennedy also established a Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt and comprising cabinet officials (including Peterson and Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy), senators, representatives, businesspeople, psychologists, sociologists, professors, activists, and public servants. There were also notable actions by women in wider society, presaging their wider engagement in politics which would come with the second wave. In 1961, 50,000 women in 60 cities, mobilized by Women Strike for Peace, protested above ground testing of nuclear bombs and tainted milk.", "answer": "French writer Simone de Beauvoir", "sentence": "French writer Simone de Beauvoir had in the 1940s examined the notion of women being perceived as \"other\" in the patriarchal society.", "paragraph_sentence": "Before the second wave there were some important events which laid the groundwork for it. <hl> French writer Simone de Beauvoir had in the 1940s examined the notion of women being perceived as \"other\" in the patriarchal society. <hl> She went on to conclude that male-centered ideology was being accepted as a norm and enforced by the ongoing development of myths, and that the fact that women are capable of getting pregnant, lactating, and menstruating is in no way a valid cause or explanation to place them as the \"second sex\". This book was translated from French to English (with some of its text excised) and published in America in 1953. In 1960 the Food and Drug Administration approved the combined oral contraceptive pill, which was made available in 1961. This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant. The administration of President Kennedy made women's rights a key issue of the New Frontier, and named women (such as Esther Peterson) to many high-ranking posts in his administration. Kennedy also established a Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt and comprising cabinet officials (including Peterson and Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy), senators, representatives, businesspeople, psychologists, sociologists, professors, activists, and public servants. There were also notable actions by women in wider society, presaging their wider engagement in politics which would come with the second wave. In 1961, 50,000 women in 60 cities, mobilized by Women Strike for Peace, protested above ground testing of nuclear bombs and tainted milk.", "paragraph_answer": "Before the second wave there were some important events which laid the groundwork for it. <hl> French writer Simone de Beauvoir <hl> had in the 1940s examined the notion of women being perceived as \"other\" in the patriarchal society. She went on to conclude that male-centered ideology was being accepted as a norm and enforced by the ongoing development of myths, and that the fact that women are capable of getting pregnant, lactating, and menstruating is in no way a valid cause or explanation to place them as the \"second sex\". This book was translated from French to English (with some of its text excised) and published in America in 1953. In 1960 the Food and Drug Administration approved the combined oral contraceptive pill, which was made available in 1961. This made it easier for women to have careers without having to leave due to unexpectedly becoming pregnant. The administration of President Kennedy made women's rights a key issue of the New Frontier, and named women (such as Esther Peterson) to many high-ranking posts in his administration. Kennedy also established a Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt and comprising cabinet officials (including Peterson and Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy), senators, representatives, businesspeople, psychologists, sociologists, professors, activists, and public servants. There were also notable actions by women in wider society, presaging their wider engagement in politics which would come with the second wave. In 1961, 50,000 women in 60 cities, mobilized by Women Strike for Peace, protested above ground testing of nuclear bombs and tainted milk.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> French writer Simone de Beauvoir <hl> had in the 1940s examined the notion of women being perceived as \"other\" in the patriarchal society.", "paragraph_id": "5d670f5a2b22cd4dfcfbecca"}
{"question": "Why did Governor John G Rowland resign?", "paragraph": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College.\nIn the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center.\nIn 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a corruption investigation, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "answer": "corruption investigation", "sentence": "a corruption investigation , later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during <hl> a corruption investigation , later pleading guilty to federal charges. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In 2000, presidential candidate Al Gore chose as his running mate Senator Joe Lieberman, marking the first time a major party presidential ticket included someone of the Jewish faith. Gore and Lieberman fell five votes short of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney in the Electoral College. In the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, 65 state residents were killed, mostly Fairfield County residents who were working in the World Trade Center. In 2004, Republican Governor John G. Rowland resigned during a <hl> corruption investigation <hl>, later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "sentence_answer": "a <hl> corruption investigation <hl> , later pleading guilty to federal charges.", "paragraph_id": "5d66192a2b22cd4dfcfbd888"}
{"question": "What is the maximum tax credit?", "paragraph": "All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "answer": "$300", "sentence": "The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward.", "paragraph_sentence": "All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. <hl> The maximum property tax credit is $300 per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. <hl> Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "paragraph_answer": "All real and personal property located within the state of Connecticut is taxable unless specifically exempted by statute. All assessments are at 70% of fair market value. Another 20% of the value may be taxed by the local government though. The maximum property tax credit is <hl> $300 <hl> per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward. Connecticut does not levy an intangible personal property tax. According to the Tax Foundation, the 2010 Census data shows Connecticut residents paying the 2nd highest average property taxes in the nation with only New Jersey ahead of them.", "sentence_answer": "The maximum property tax credit is <hl> $300 <hl> per return and any excess may not be refunded or carried forward.", "paragraph_id": "5d6667782b22cd4dfcfbde0b"}
{"question": "The list includes abbreviations for what type of code?", "paragraph": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "answer": "postal code", "sentence": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the postal code abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state): <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the <hl> postal code <hl> abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "sentence_answer": "The 50 states of the United States of America are as follows (this list includes both the <hl> postal code <hl> abbreviation and the traditional abbreviation for each state):", "paragraph_id": "5d66f6a92b22cd4dfcfbe7f7"}
{"question": "An orientation involves one positive and one what?", "paragraph": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "answer": "negative", "sentence": "An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative ; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half.", "paragraph_sentence": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. <hl> An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative ; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. <hl> Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "paragraph_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is <hl> negative <hl>; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "sentence_answer": "An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is <hl> negative <hl> ; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half.", "paragraph_id": "5d6693432b22cd4dfcfbe2d8"}
{"question": "Who was the last Dutch Director General of New Amsterdam?", "paragraph": "In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \"New York\" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. The Dutch, under Director General Stuyvesant, successfully negotiated with the English to produce 24 articles of provisional transfer, which sought to retain for the extant citizens of New Netherland their previously attained liberties (including freedom of religion) under new colonial English rulers.", "answer": "Peter Stuyvesant", "sentence": "In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. <hl> New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \"New York\" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. The Dutch, under Director General Stuyvesant, successfully negotiated with the English to produce 24 articles of provisional transfer, which sought to retain for the extant citizens of New Netherland their previously attained liberties (including freedom of religion) under new colonial English rulers.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1647, <hl> Peter Stuyvesant <hl> was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony. New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it \"New York\" after the English Duke of York and Albany, the future King James II. The Dutch, under Director General Stuyvesant, successfully negotiated with the English to produce 24 articles of provisional transfer, which sought to retain for the extant citizens of New Netherland their previously attained liberties (including freedom of religion) under new colonial English rulers.", "sentence_answer": "In 1647, <hl> Peter Stuyvesant <hl> was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony.", "paragraph_id": "5d67004d2b22cd4dfcfbe9e0"}
{"question": "The Leblanc Rationale and System allowed players to do what with scales?", "paragraph": "The Leblanc Rationale and System saxophones had key mechanics designed to remedy the acoustic problems associated with closed keys below the first open tonehole.  They also enabled the player to make half-step shifts of scales by depressing one key while keeping the rest of the fingering consistent with that of the fingering a half step away (which could also trip up players used to certain alternate fingerings on a regular saxophone).  Some Leblanc System features were built into the Vito Model 35 saxophones of the 1950s and 1960s.  The acceptance of what was arguably a superior system was impaired by the adjustment required of players switching between System and non-System horns, and the added costs associated with the added complexity of certain key mechanisms.", "answer": "make half-step shifts", "sentence": " They also enabled the player to make half-step shifts of scales by depressing one key while keeping the rest of the fingering consistent with that of the fingering a half step away (which could also trip up players used to certain alternate fingerings on a regular saxophone).", "paragraph_sentence": "The Leblanc Rationale and System saxophones had key mechanics designed to remedy the acoustic problems associated with closed keys below the first open tonehole. <hl> They also enabled the player to make half-step shifts of scales by depressing one key while keeping the rest of the fingering consistent with that of the fingering a half step away (which could also trip up players used to certain alternate fingerings on a regular saxophone). <hl> Some Leblanc System features were built into the Vito Model 35 saxophones of the 1950s and 1960s. The acceptance of what was arguably a superior system was impaired by the adjustment required of players switching between System and non-System horns, and the added costs associated with the added complexity of certain key mechanisms.", "paragraph_answer": "The Leblanc Rationale and System saxophones had key mechanics designed to remedy the acoustic problems associated with closed keys below the first open tonehole. They also enabled the player to <hl> make half-step shifts <hl> of scales by depressing one key while keeping the rest of the fingering consistent with that of the fingering a half step away (which could also trip up players used to certain alternate fingerings on a regular saxophone). Some Leblanc System features were built into the Vito Model 35 saxophones of the 1950s and 1960s. The acceptance of what was arguably a superior system was impaired by the adjustment required of players switching between System and non-System horns, and the added costs associated with the added complexity of certain key mechanisms.", "sentence_answer": " They also enabled the player to <hl> make half-step shifts <hl> of scales by depressing one key while keeping the rest of the fingering consistent with that of the fingering a half step away (which could also trip up players used to certain alternate fingerings on a regular saxophone).", "paragraph_id": "5d675ffd2b22cd4dfcfbf91f"}
{"question": "What two types of student can earn a certificate in Global Studies from UCIS?", "paragraph": "The University Center for International Studies (UCIS) coordinates international education curricula, centers on topical specializations in international studies, and the centers for area studies, including the National Resource Centers, among existing faculty and departments throughout the university. It does not confer degrees, but awards certificates of attainment to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies (undergraduate & graduate). UCIS also operates the Study Abroad Office, Nationality Rooms and Intercultural Exchange Programs.", "answer": "undergraduate & graduate", "sentence": "It does not confer degrees, but awards certificates of attainment to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies ( undergraduate & graduate ).", "paragraph_sentence": "The University Center for International Studies (UCIS) coordinates international education curricula, centers on topical specializations in international studies, and the centers for area studies, including the National Resource Centers, among existing faculty and departments throughout the university. <hl> It does not confer degrees, but awards certificates of attainment to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies ( undergraduate & graduate ). <hl> UCIS also operates the Study Abroad Office, Nationality Rooms and Intercultural Exchange Programs.", "paragraph_answer": "The University Center for International Studies (UCIS) coordinates international education curricula, centers on topical specializations in international studies, and the centers for area studies, including the National Resource Centers, among existing faculty and departments throughout the university. It does not confer degrees, but awards certificates of attainment to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies (<hl> undergraduate & graduate <hl>). UCIS also operates the Study Abroad Office, Nationality Rooms and Intercultural Exchange Programs.", "sentence_answer": "It does not confer degrees, but awards certificates of attainment to degree candidates in the University's schools and also operates certificate programs in African Studies (undergraduate) and in Global Studies ( <hl> undergraduate & graduate <hl> ).", "paragraph_id": "5d67c72b2b22cd4dfcfc01ec"}
{"question": "When was Galatasaray High School established?", "paragraph": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "answer": "1481", "sentence": "Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. <hl> Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. <hl> It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in <hl> 1481 <hl> as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "sentence_answer": "Galatasaray High School, established in <hl> 1481 <hl> as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7e52b22cd4dfcfbd474"}
{"question": "Who has exclusive jurisdiction concerning overseas military installations?", "paragraph": "The federal government also exercises exclusive jurisdiction over overseas military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. It exercises concurrent jurisdiction to varying degrees with the states in many domestic federal enclaves.", "answer": "federal government", "sentence": "The federal government also exercises exclusive jurisdiction over overseas military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The federal government also exercises exclusive jurisdiction over overseas military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. <hl> It exercises concurrent jurisdiction to varying degrees with the states in many domestic federal enclaves.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> federal government <hl> also exercises exclusive jurisdiction over overseas military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries. It exercises concurrent jurisdiction to varying degrees with the states in many domestic federal enclaves.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> federal government <hl> also exercises exclusive jurisdiction over overseas military installations and American embassies and consulates located in foreign countries.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ed2b2b22cd4dfcfc0405"}
{"question": "What does Kurtz say values that cross cultural lines can be used for?", "paragraph": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers.", "answer": "finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers", "sentence": "These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers .", "paragraph_sentence": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. <hl> These values can be resources for finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Religious value systems can diverge from commonly-held contemporary moral positions, such as those on murder, mass atrocities, and slavery. For example, Simon Blackburn states that \"apologists for Hinduism defend or explain away its involvement with the caste system, and apologists for Islam defend or explain away its harsh penal code or its attitude to women and infidels\". In regard to Christianity, he states that the \"Bible can be read as giving us a carte blanche for harsh attitudes to children, the mentally handicapped, animals, the environment, the divorced, unbelievers, people with various sexual habits, and elderly women\", and notes morally suspect themes in the Bible's New Testament as well.[e] Christian apologists address Blackburn's viewpoints and construe that Jewish laws in the Jewish Bible showed the evolution of moral standards towards protecting the vulnerable, imposing a death penalty on those pursuing slavery and treating slaves as persons and not property. Elizabeth Anderson holds that \"the Bible contains both good and evil teachings\", and it is \"morally inconsistent\". Humanists like Paul Kurtz believe that we can identify moral values across cultures, even if we do not appeal to a supernatural or universalist understanding of principles - values including integrity, trustworthiness, benevolence, and fairness. These values can be resources for <hl> finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "These values can be resources for <hl> finding common ground between believers and nonbelievers <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d670c4e2b22cd4dfcfbec1f"}
{"question": "What are the disadvantages of being insured by a surplus line insurer?", "paragraph": "Although surplus line insurers are still regulated by the states in which they are actually admitted, the disadvantages of obtaining insurance from a surplus line insurer are that the policy will usually be written on a nonstandard form (that is, not from the Insurance Services Office), and if the insurer collapses, its insureds in states in which it is nonadmitted will not enjoy certain types of protection available to insureds in states in which the insurer is admitted. However, for persons trying to obtain coverage for unusual risks, the choice is usually between a surplus line insurer or no coverage at all.", "answer": "the policy will usually be written on a nonstandard form", "sentence": "Although surplus line insurers are still regulated by the states in which they are actually admitted, the disadvantages of obtaining insurance from a surplus line insurer are that the policy will usually be written on a nonstandard form (that is, not from the Insurance Services Office), and if the insurer collapses, its insureds in states in which it is nonadmitted will not enjoy certain types of protection available to insureds in states in which the insurer is admitted.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Although surplus line insurers are still regulated by the states in which they are actually admitted, the disadvantages of obtaining insurance from a surplus line insurer are that the policy will usually be written on a nonstandard form (that is, not from the Insurance Services Office), and if the insurer collapses, its insureds in states in which it is nonadmitted will not enjoy certain types of protection available to insureds in states in which the insurer is admitted. <hl> However, for persons trying to obtain coverage for unusual risks, the choice is usually between a surplus line insurer or no coverage at all.", "paragraph_answer": "Although surplus line insurers are still regulated by the states in which they are actually admitted, the disadvantages of obtaining insurance from a surplus line insurer are that <hl> the policy will usually be written on a nonstandard form <hl> (that is, not from the Insurance Services Office), and if the insurer collapses, its insureds in states in which it is nonadmitted will not enjoy certain types of protection available to insureds in states in which the insurer is admitted. However, for persons trying to obtain coverage for unusual risks, the choice is usually between a surplus line insurer or no coverage at all.", "sentence_answer": "Although surplus line insurers are still regulated by the states in which they are actually admitted, the disadvantages of obtaining insurance from a surplus line insurer are that <hl> the policy will usually be written on a nonstandard form <hl> (that is, not from the Insurance Services Office), and if the insurer collapses, its insureds in states in which it is nonadmitted will not enjoy certain types of protection available to insureds in states in which the insurer is admitted.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ea092b22cd4dfcfbe51f"}
{"question": "How much do the articles cost?", "paragraph": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. It can be accessed without cost.", "answer": "It can be accessed without cost.", "sentence": "It can be accessed without cost.", "paragraph_sentence": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. <hl> It can be accessed without cost. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "On 2 October 2012, The Sunday Times launched Sunday Times Driving, a separate classified advertising site for premium vehicles that also includes editorial content from the newspaper as well as specially commissioned articles. <hl> It can be accessed without cost. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "<hl> It can be accessed without cost. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d674bec2b22cd4dfcfbf56a"}
{"question": "What did New England factories do?", "paragraph": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum. The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "answer": "raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum", "sentence": "They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum .", "paragraph_sentence": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). <hl> They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum . <hl> The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "paragraph_answer": "After these products had been delivered to port towns such as Boston and Salem in Massachusetts, New Haven in Connecticut, and Newport and Providence in Rhode Island, merchants then exported them to the West Indies where they were traded for molasses, sugar, gold coins, and bills of exchange (credit slips). They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the <hl> raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum <hl>. The gold and credit slips were sent to England where they were exchanged for manufactures, which were shipped back to the colonies and sold along with the sugar and rum to farmers.", "sentence_answer": "They carried the West Indian products to New England factories where the <hl> raw sugar was turned into granulated sugar and the molasses distilled into rum <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65c3be2b22cd4dfcfbcc15"}
{"question": "How can one family member's relationship to another can be identified?", "paragraph": "In Spain and in most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. Usually the first surname comes from the father and the second from the mother, but it could be the other way round. A child's first surname will usually be their father's first surname, while the child's second surname will usually be the mother's first surname. For example, if \"(Jos\u00e9) GARC\u00cdA Torres\" and \"(Mar\u00eda) ACOSTA G\u00f3mez\" had a child named Pablo, then his full name would be Pablo Garc\u00eda Acosta. One family member's relationship to another can often be identified by the various combinations and permutations of surnames.", "answer": "by the various combinations and permutations of surnames.", "sentence": "One family member's relationship to another can often be identified by the various combinations and permutations of surnames.", "paragraph_sentence": "In Spain and in most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. Usually the first surname comes from the father and the second from the mother, but it could be the other way round. A child's first surname will usually be their father's first surname, while the child's second surname will usually be the mother's first surname. For example, if \"(Jos\u00e9) GARC\u00cdA Torres\" and \"(Mar\u00eda) ACOSTA G\u00f3mez\" had a child named Pablo, then his full name would be Pablo Garc\u00eda Acosta. <hl> One family member's relationship to another can often be identified by the various combinations and permutations of surnames. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In Spain and in most Spanish-speaking countries, the custom is for people to have two surnames. Usually the first surname comes from the father and the second from the mother, but it could be the other way round. A child's first surname will usually be their father's first surname, while the child's second surname will usually be the mother's first surname. For example, if \"(Jos\u00e9) GARC\u00cdA Torres\" and \"(Mar\u00eda) ACOSTA G\u00f3mez\" had a child named Pablo, then his full name would be Pablo Garc\u00eda Acosta. One family member's relationship to another can often be identified <hl> by the various combinations and permutations of surnames. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "One family member's relationship to another can often be identified <hl> by the various combinations and permutations of surnames. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d6726f72b22cd4dfcfbf0f0"}
{"question": "What style mouthpiece produces a bright sound with maximum projection?", "paragraph": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing. Among classical mouthpieces, those with a concave (\"excavated\") chamber are more true to Adolphe Sax's original design; these provide a softer or less piercing tone favored by some saxophonists, including students of Sigurd Rasch\u00e8r, for classical playing. Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by Marcel Mule, generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces. The use of the saxophone in dance orchestras and jazz ensembles put a premium on dynamic range, projection, and tonal richness, leading to rapid innovation in chamber shape and tip design, and metal construction.  At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle. These produce a bright sound with maximum projection, suitable for having a sound stand out among amplified instruments and typical of modern pop and smooth jazz. Most saxophonists who play different styles have a mouthpiece suited for each style.", "answer": "high baffle", "sentence": " At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle .", "paragraph_sentence": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing. Among classical mouthpieces, those with a concave (\"excavated\") chamber are more true to Adolphe Sax's original design; these provide a softer or less piercing tone favored by some saxophonists, including students of Sigurd Rasch\u00e8r, for classical playing. Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by Marcel Mule, generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces. The use of the saxophone in dance orchestras and jazz ensembles put a premium on dynamic range, projection, and tonal richness, leading to rapid innovation in chamber shape and tip design, and metal construction. <hl> At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called high baffle . <hl> These produce a bright sound with maximum projection, suitable for having a sound stand out among amplified instruments and typical of modern pop and smooth jazz. Most saxophonists who play different styles have a mouthpiece suited for each style.", "paragraph_answer": "Early mouthpieces were designed to produce a warm and round sound for classical playing. Among classical mouthpieces, those with a concave (\"excavated\") chamber are more true to Adolphe Sax's original design; these provide a softer or less piercing tone favored by some saxophonists, including students of Sigurd Rasch\u00e8r, for classical playing. Saxophonists who follow the French school of classical saxophone playing, influenced by Marcel Mule, generally use mouthpieces with smaller chambers than Rascher style mouthpieces. The use of the saxophone in dance orchestras and jazz ensembles put a premium on dynamic range, projection, and tonal richness, leading to rapid innovation in chamber shape and tip design, and metal construction. At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called <hl> high baffle <hl>. These produce a bright sound with maximum projection, suitable for having a sound stand out among amplified instruments and typical of modern pop and smooth jazz. Most saxophonists who play different styles have a mouthpiece suited for each style.", "sentence_answer": " At the opposite extreme from the classical mouthpieces are those with a small chamber and a low clearance above the reed between the tip and the chamber, called <hl> high baffle <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d67bb052b22cd4dfcfc00c0"}
{"question": "Who believes the government is the source of all monopolies?", "paragraph": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "answer": "Gabriel Kolko", "sentence": "Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries.", "paragraph_sentence": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. <hl> Historian Gabriel Kolko in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. <hl> There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "paragraph_answer": "It often is claimed that free markets and private property generate centralized monopolies and other ills; the counter is that government is the source of monopoly. Historian <hl> Gabriel Kolko <hl> in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries. There was no trend towards concentration and monopolization. While there were a wave of mergers of companies trying to corner markets, they found there was too much competition to do so. This also was true in banking and finance, which saw decentralization as leading to instability as state and local banks competed with the big New York City firms. The largest firms turned to the power of the state and working with leaders like United States Presidents Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft and Woodrow Wilson passed as \"progressive reforms\" centralizing laws like The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that gave control of the monetary system to the wealthiest bankers; the formation of monopoly \"public utilities\" that made competition with those monopolies illegal; federal inspection of meat packers biased against small companies; extending Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating telephone companies and keeping rates high to benefit AT&T; and using the Sherman Anti-trust Act against companies which might combine to threaten larger or monopoly companies. When government licensing, franchises, and other legal restrictions create monopoly and protect companies from open competition, deregulation is the solution.", "sentence_answer": "Historian <hl> Gabriel Kolko <hl> in his book The Triumph of Conservatism argued that in the first decade of the 20th century businesses were highly decentralized and competitive, with new businesses constantly entering existing industries.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de972b22cd4dfcfbd02a"}
{"question": "How many total pounds of material were retrieved in 2003?", "paragraph": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (2,450 lb) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "answer": "2,450 lb", "sentence": "This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg ( 2,450 lb ) of material in 2003.", "paragraph_sentence": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. <hl> This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg ( 2,450 lb ) of material in 2003. <hl> Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "paragraph_answer": "Since the end of World War II, various nations, including the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, have disposed of chemical weapons in the Baltic Sea, raising concerns of environmental contamination. Even now fishermen accidentally retrieve some of these materials: the most recent available report from the Helsinki Commission notes that four small scale catches of chemical munitions representing approximately 105 kg (231 lb) of material were reported in 2005. This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg (<hl> 2,450 lb <hl>) of material in 2003. Until now, the U.S. Government refuses to disclose the exact coordinates of the wreck sites. Rotting bottles leak Lost and other substances, thus slowly poisoning a substantial part of the Baltic Sea.", "sentence_answer": "This is a reduction from the 25 incidents representing 1,110 kg ( <hl> 2,450 lb <hl> ) of material in 2003.", "paragraph_id": "5d663eb52b22cd4dfcfbdb78"}
{"question": "When was the earliest time in which hockey referred to a stick-and-ball game?", "paragraph": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "answer": "1773", "sentence": "However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773 , as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "paragraph_sentence": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. <hl> However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as 1773 , as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. <hl> Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "paragraph_answer": "Thomas Chandler Haliburton, in The Attache: Second Series (published in 1844) imagined a dialogue, between two of the novel's characters, which mentions playing \"hurly on the long pond on the ice\". This has been interpreted by some historians from Windsor, Nova Scotia as reminiscence of the days when the author was a student at King's College School in that town in 1810 and earlier. Based on Haliburton's quote, claims were made that modern hockey was invented in Windsor, Nova Scotia, by King's College students and perhaps named after an individual (\"Colonel Hockey's game\"). Others claim that the origins of hockey come from games played in the area of Dartmouth and Halifax in Nova Scotia. However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as <hl> 1773 <hl>, as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud. Master Michel Angelo), whose chapter XI was titled \"New Improvements on the Game of Hockey\".", "sentence_answer": "However, several references have been found to hurling and shinty being played on the ice long before the earliest references from both Windsor and Dartmouth/Halifax, and the word \"hockey\" was used to designate a stick-and-ball game at least as far back as <hl> 1773 <hl> , as it was mentioned in the book Juvenile Sports and Pastimes, to Which Are Prefixed, Memoirs of the Author: Including a New Mode of Infant Education by Richard Johnson (Pseud.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0c72b22cd4dfcfbd08d"}
{"question": "In what year was the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club formed?", "paragraph": "In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from 1895. This rivalry continues, claiming to be the oldest hockey rivalry in history; a similar claim is made about the rivalry between Queen's University and Royal Military College of Kingston, Ontario. Since 1986, considered the 100th anniversary of the rivalry, teams of the two colleges play for the Carr-Harris Cup.", "answer": "1885", "sentence": "In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Europe, it is believed that in 1885 the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. <hl> The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from 1895. This rivalry continues, claiming to be the oldest hockey rivalry in history; a similar claim is made about the rivalry between Queen's University and Royal Military College of Kingston, Ontario. Since 1986, considered the 100th anniversary of the rivalry, teams of the two colleges play for the Carr-Harris Cup.", "paragraph_answer": "In Europe, it is believed that in <hl> 1885 <hl> the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented. The match was won by the Oxford Dark Blues, 6\u20130; the first photographs and team lists date from 1895. This rivalry continues, claiming to be the oldest hockey rivalry in history; a similar claim is made about the rivalry between Queen's University and Royal Military College of Kingston, Ontario. Since 1986, considered the 100th anniversary of the rivalry, teams of the two colleges play for the Carr-Harris Cup.", "sentence_answer": "In Europe, it is believed that in <hl> 1885 <hl> the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club was formed to play the first Ice Hockey Varsity Match against traditional rival Cambridge in St. Moritz, Switzerland; however, this is undocumented.", "paragraph_id": "5d66635b2b22cd4dfcfbdd62"}
{"question": "What are the \"jobs\" in the three-man system?", "paragraph": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses one referee and two linesmen. Another less commonly used system is the two referee and one linesman system. This system is very close to the regular three-man system except for a few procedure changes. With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee. The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe.", "answer": "one referee and two linesmen", "sentence": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses one referee and two linesmen .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses one referee and two linesmen . <hl> Another less commonly used system is the two referee and one linesman system. This system is very close to the regular three-man system except for a few procedure changes. With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee. The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe.", "paragraph_answer": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses <hl> one referee and two linesmen <hl>. Another less commonly used system is the two referee and one linesman system. This system is very close to the regular three-man system except for a few procedure changes. With the first being the National Hockey League, a number of leagues have started to implement the \"four-official system,\" where an additional referee is added to aid in the calling of penalties normally difficult to assess by one single referee. The system is now used in every NHL game, at IIHF World Championships, the Olympics and in many professional and high-level amateur leagues in North America and Europe.", "sentence_answer": "The most widespread system in use today is the \"three-man system,\" that uses <hl> one referee and two linesmen <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d675c7f2b22cd4dfcfbf876"}
{"question": "Who was one of the \"qualified professional\" planning new urban establishments?", "paragraph": "Postmodernism is a rejection of 'totality', of the notion that planning could be 'comprehensive', widely applied regardless of context, and rational. In this sense, Postmodernism is a rejection of its predecessor: Modernism. From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). Postmodernism also brought a break from the notion that planning and architecture could result in social reform, which was an integral dimension of the plans of Modernism (Simonsen 1990). Furthermore, Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogenous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57). Within Modernism, urban planning represented a 20th-century move towards establishing something stable, structured, and rationalised within what had become a world of chaos, flux and change (Irving 1993, 475). The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). In fact, after 1945, urban planning became one of the methods through which capitalism could be managed and the interests of developers and corporations could be administered (Irving 1993, 479).", "answer": "planners predating Postmodernism", "sentence": "The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993).", "paragraph_sentence": "Postmodernism is a rejection of 'totality', of the notion that planning could be 'comprehensive', widely applied regardless of context, and rational. In this sense, Postmodernism is a rejection of its predecessor: Modernism. From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). Postmodernism also brought a break from the notion that planning and architecture could result in social reform, which was an integral dimension of the plans of Modernism (Simonsen 1990). Furthermore, Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogenous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57). Within Modernism, urban planning represented a 20th-century move towards establishing something stable, structured, and rationalised within what had become a world of chaos, flux and change (Irving 1993, 475). <hl> The role of planners predating Postmodernism was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). <hl> In fact, after 1945, urban planning became one of the methods through which capitalism could be managed and the interests of developers and corporations could be administered (Irving 1993, 479).", "paragraph_answer": "Postmodernism is a rejection of 'totality', of the notion that planning could be 'comprehensive', widely applied regardless of context, and rational. In this sense, Postmodernism is a rejection of its predecessor: Modernism. From the 1920s onwards, the Modern movement sought to design and plan cities which followed the logic of the new model of industrial mass production; reverting to large-scale solutions, aesthetic standardisation and prefabricated design solutions (Goodchild 1990). Postmodernism also brought a break from the notion that planning and architecture could result in social reform, which was an integral dimension of the plans of Modernism (Simonsen 1990). Furthermore, Modernism eroded urban living by its failure to recognise differences and aim towards homogenous landscapes (Simonsen 1990, 57). Within Modernism, urban planning represented a 20th-century move towards establishing something stable, structured, and rationalised within what had become a world of chaos, flux and change (Irving 1993, 475). The role of <hl> planners predating Postmodernism <hl> was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993). In fact, after 1945, urban planning became one of the methods through which capitalism could be managed and the interests of developers and corporations could be administered (Irving 1993, 479).", "sentence_answer": "The role of <hl> planners predating Postmodernism <hl> was one of the 'qualified professional' who believed they could find and implement one single 'right way' of planning new urban establishments (Irving 1993).", "paragraph_id": "5d676be12b22cd4dfcfbfae2"}
{"question": "What helped to stabilize the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy?", "paragraph": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "answer": "Christian (Roman Catholic) culture", "sentence": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture . <hl> It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common <hl> Christian (Roman Catholic) culture <hl>. It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "sentence_answer": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common <hl> Christian (Roman Catholic) culture <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6611a52b22cd4dfcfbd799"}
{"question": "What is the chemical symbol for the niobium-tin compound?", "paragraph": "The niobium-tin compound Nb3Sn is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T). A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons.", "answer": "Nb3Sn", "sentence": "The niobium-tin compound Nb3Sn is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The niobium-tin compound Nb3Sn is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T). <hl> A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons.", "paragraph_answer": "The niobium-tin compound <hl> Nb3Sn <hl> is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T). A superconducting magnet weighing as little as two kilograms is capable of producing magnetic fields comparable to a conventional electromagnet weighing tons.", "sentence_answer": "The niobium-tin compound <hl> Nb3Sn <hl> is commercially used as wires for superconducting magnets, due to the material's high critical temperature (18 K) and critical magnetic field (25 T).", "paragraph_id": "5d6711102b22cd4dfcfbed36"}
{"question": "What two types of rain gauges are least successful when measuring snowfall?", "paragraph": "Other types of gauges include the popular wedge gauge (the cheapest rain gauge and most fragile), the tipping bucket rain gauge, and the weighing rain gauge. The wedge and tipping bucket gauges will have problems with snow. Attempts to compensate for snow/ice by warming the tipping bucket meet with limited success, since snow may sublimate if the gauge is kept much above freezing. Weighing gauges with antifreeze should do fine with snow, but again, the funnel needs to be removed before the event begins. For those looking to measure rainfall the most inexpensively, a can that is cylindrical with straight sides will act as a rain gauge if left out in the open, but its accuracy will depend on what ruler is used to measure the rain with. Any of the above rain gauges can be made at home, with enough know-how.", "answer": "wedge and tipping bucket gauges", "sentence": "The wedge and tipping bucket gauges will have problems with snow.", "paragraph_sentence": "Other types of gauges include the popular wedge gauge (the cheapest rain gauge and most fragile), the tipping bucket rain gauge, and the weighing rain gauge. <hl> The wedge and tipping bucket gauges will have problems with snow. <hl> Attempts to compensate for snow/ice by warming the tipping bucket meet with limited success, since snow may sublimate if the gauge is kept much above freezing. Weighing gauges with antifreeze should do fine with snow, but again, the funnel needs to be removed before the event begins. For those looking to measure rainfall the most inexpensively, a can that is cylindrical with straight sides will act as a rain gauge if left out in the open, but its accuracy will depend on what ruler is used to measure the rain with. Any of the above rain gauges can be made at home, with enough know-how.", "paragraph_answer": "Other types of gauges include the popular wedge gauge (the cheapest rain gauge and most fragile), the tipping bucket rain gauge, and the weighing rain gauge. The <hl> wedge and tipping bucket gauges <hl> will have problems with snow. Attempts to compensate for snow/ice by warming the tipping bucket meet with limited success, since snow may sublimate if the gauge is kept much above freezing. Weighing gauges with antifreeze should do fine with snow, but again, the funnel needs to be removed before the event begins. For those looking to measure rainfall the most inexpensively, a can that is cylindrical with straight sides will act as a rain gauge if left out in the open, but its accuracy will depend on what ruler is used to measure the rain with. Any of the above rain gauges can be made at home, with enough know-how.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> wedge and tipping bucket gauges <hl> will have problems with snow.", "paragraph_id": "5d6751072b22cd4dfcfbf6a5"}
{"question": "What type of cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with cold surfaces?", "paragraph": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land.  Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath.  Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "answer": "Conductive", "sentence": "Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). <hl> Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. <hl> Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "paragraph_answer": "There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). <hl> Conductive <hl> cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Conductive <hl> cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ce8a2b22cd4dfcfc025e"}
{"question": "What type of economics do Conservatives endorse?", "paragraph": "Conservatives typically argue for free market solutions, with less government restriction of the private sector. Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. Fiscal conservatives express concern that higher budget deficits and debt damage confidence, reducing investment and spending. Conservatives argue for policies that reduce or lower inflation. Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics.", "answer": "Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics", "sentence": "Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics .", "paragraph_sentence": "Conservatives typically argue for free market solutions, with less government restriction of the private sector. Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. Fiscal conservatives express concern that higher budget deficits and debt damage confidence, reducing investment and spending. Conservatives argue for policies that reduce or lower inflation. <hl> Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Conservatives typically argue for free market solutions, with less government restriction of the private sector. Conservatives tend to oppose stimulus spending or bailouts, letting the free market determine success and failure. Typical proposals involve deregulation and income tax rate reduction. Conservatives historically have opposed labor unions and encouraged free trade agreements. Fiscal conservatives express concern that higher budget deficits and debt damage confidence, reducing investment and spending. Conservatives argue for policies that reduce or lower inflation. <hl> Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Conservatives generally advocate supply-side economics <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66fc7d2b22cd4dfcfbe91e"}
{"question": "What place in Germany expressed interest  in hosting the Grand Depart of 2010?", "paragraph": "In November 2008 Rotterdam was chosen as the host of the Grand D\u00e9part of the 2010 Tour de France.\nRotterdam won the selection over the Dutch city of Utrecht. Germany's D\u00fcsseldorf had previously also expressed interest in hosting. The Amaury Sport Organization (ASO), organizer of the Tour de France, said in a statement on its web site that it chose Rotterdam because, in addition to it being another big city, like London, to showcase the use of bikes for urban transportation, it provided a location well positioned considering the rest of the route envisioned for the 2010 event.", "answer": "D\u00fcsseldorf", "sentence": "Germany's D\u00fcsseldorf had previously also expressed interest in hosting.", "paragraph_sentence": "In November 2008 Rotterdam was chosen as the host of the Grand D\u00e9part of the 2010 Tour de France. Rotterdam won the selection over the Dutch city of Utrecht. <hl> Germany's D\u00fcsseldorf had previously also expressed interest in hosting. <hl> The Amaury Sport Organization (ASO), organizer of the Tour de France, said in a statement on its web site that it chose Rotterdam because, in addition to it being another big city, like London, to showcase the use of bikes for urban transportation, it provided a location well positioned considering the rest of the route envisioned for the 2010 event.", "paragraph_answer": "In November 2008 Rotterdam was chosen as the host of the Grand D\u00e9part of the 2010 Tour de France. Rotterdam won the selection over the Dutch city of Utrecht. Germany's <hl> D\u00fcsseldorf <hl> had previously also expressed interest in hosting. The Amaury Sport Organization (ASO), organizer of the Tour de France, said in a statement on its web site that it chose Rotterdam because, in addition to it being another big city, like London, to showcase the use of bikes for urban transportation, it provided a location well positioned considering the rest of the route envisioned for the 2010 event.", "sentence_answer": "Germany's <hl> D\u00fcsseldorf <hl> had previously also expressed interest in hosting.", "paragraph_id": "5d672f3a2b22cd4dfcfbf1ea"}
{"question": "Which President was responsible for starting back HUD's programs that aided the homeless?", "paragraph": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "answer": "President Obama", "sentence": "On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> On May 20, 2009, President Obama signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. <hl> It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "paragraph_answer": "On May 20, 2009, <hl> President Obama <hl> signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs. It was part of the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009. The HEARTH act allows for the prevention of homelessness, rapid re-housing, consolidation of housing programs, and new homeless categories. In the eighteen months after the bill's signing, HUD had to begin implementing the new McKinney-compliant programs. In late 2009, some homeless advocacy organizations, such as the National Coalition for the Homeless, reported and published perceived problems with the HEARTH Act of 2009 as a HUD McKinney-Vento Reauthorization bill, especially with regard to privacy, definitional ineligibility, community roles, and restrictions on eligibile activities. However, at the close of 2010 HUD reported that many communities had successfully used HPRP funds to assist those in need in their communities, and reported that the program prevented homelessness for nearly 750,000 Americans.", "sentence_answer": "On May 20, 2009, <hl> President Obama <hl> signed the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing (HEARTH) Act into Public Law (Public Law 111-22 or \"PL 111-22\"), reauthorizing HUD's Homeless Assistance programs.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f51e2b22cd4dfcfbd3f5"}
{"question": "When was the Incas defeated?", "paragraph": "Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity and civil wars, in 1532 the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands of allies from nations they had subjugated (e.g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Ca\u00f1aris) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro. One of the few Inca sites the Spanish never found in their conquest was Machu Picchu, which lay hidden on a peak on the eastern edge of the Andes where they descend to the Amazon. The main surviving languages of the Andean peoples are those of the Quechua and Aymara language families. Woodbine Parish and Joseph Barclay Pentland surveyed a large part of the Bolivian Andes from 1826 to 1827.", "answer": "1532", "sentence": "Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity and civil wars, in 1532 the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands of allies from nations they had subjugated (e.g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Ca\u00f1aris) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity and civil wars, in 1532 the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands of allies from nations they had subjugated (e.g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Ca\u00f1aris) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro. <hl> One of the few Inca sites the Spanish never found in their conquest was Machu Picchu, which lay hidden on a peak on the eastern edge of the Andes where they descend to the Amazon. The main surviving languages of the Andean peoples are those of the Quechua and Aymara language families. Woodbine Parish and Joseph Barclay Pentland surveyed a large part of the Bolivian Andes from 1826 to 1827.", "paragraph_answer": "Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity and civil wars, in <hl> 1532 <hl> the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands of allies from nations they had subjugated (e.g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Ca\u00f1aris) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro. One of the few Inca sites the Spanish never found in their conquest was Machu Picchu, which lay hidden on a peak on the eastern edge of the Andes where they descend to the Amazon. The main surviving languages of the Andean peoples are those of the Quechua and Aymara language families. Woodbine Parish and Joseph Barclay Pentland surveyed a large part of the Bolivian Andes from 1826 to 1827.", "sentence_answer": "Devastated by European diseases to which they had no immunity and civil wars, in <hl> 1532 <hl> the Incas were defeated by an alliance composed of tens of thousands of allies from nations they had subjugated (e.g. Huancas, Chachapoyas, Ca\u00f1aris) and a small army of 180 Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro.", "paragraph_id": "5d6609d72b22cd4dfcfbd686"}
{"question": "Cassiterite is typically what two colors?", "paragraph": "Cassiterite (SnO2), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times. Other forms of tin ores are less abundant sulfides such as stannite that require a more involved smelting process. Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms. These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. It is likely that the earliest deposits were alluvial in nature, and perhaps exploited by the same methods used for panning gold in placer deposits.[citation needed]", "answer": "black, purple", "sentence": "These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors.", "paragraph_sentence": "Cassiterite (SnO2), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times. Other forms of tin ores are less abundant sulfides such as stannite that require a more involved smelting process. Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms. <hl> These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually black, purple or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. <hl> It is likely that the earliest deposits were alluvial in nature, and perhaps exploited by the same methods used for panning gold in placer deposits.[citation needed]", "paragraph_answer": "Cassiterite (SnO2), the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times. Other forms of tin ores are less abundant sulfides such as stannite that require a more involved smelting process. Cassiterite often accumulates in alluvial channels as placer deposits due to the fact that it is harder, heavier, and more chemically resistant than the granite in which it typically forms. These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually <hl> black, purple <hl> or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors. It is likely that the earliest deposits were alluvial in nature, and perhaps exploited by the same methods used for panning gold in placer deposits.[citation needed]", "sentence_answer": "These deposits can be easily seen in river banks as cassiterite is usually <hl> black, purple <hl> or otherwise dark in color, a feature exploited by early Bronze Age prospectors.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ff872b22cd4dfcfbe9c6"}
{"question": "What did African leaders see in terms of slave trade?", "paragraph": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"  Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "answer": "saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders.", "sentence": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" <hl> Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "paragraph_answer": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely <hl> saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. <hl> With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\" Thus, as African scholar John Thornton argues, African leaders who allowed the continuation of the slave trade likely derived an economic benefit from selling their subjects to Europeans. The Kingdom of Benin, for instance, participated in the African slave trade, at will, from 1715 to 1735, surprising Dutch traders, who had not expected to buy slaves in Benin. The benefit derived from trading slaves for European goods was enough to make the Kingdom of Benin rejoin the trans-Atlantic slave trade after centuries of non-participation. Such benefits included military technology (specifically guns and gunpowder), gold, or simply maintaining amicable trade relationships with European nations. The slave trade was therefore a means for some African elite to gain economic advantages. Historian Walter Rodney estimates that by c.1770, the King of Dahomey was earning an estimated \u00a3250,000 per year by selling captive African soldiers and enslaved people to the European slave-traders.", "sentence_answer": "Because the negative effects of slavery on the economies of Africa have been well documented, namely the significant decline in population, some African rulers likely <hl> saw an economic benefit from trading their subjects with European slave traders. <hl> With the exception of Portuguese controlled Angola, coastal African leaders \"generally controlled access to their coasts, and were able to prevent direct enslavement of their subjects and citizens.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d66b8722b22cd4dfcfbe44b"}
{"question": "What year did News International acquire the group?", "paragraph": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "answer": "1981", "sentence": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981 .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February 1981 . <hl> Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "paragraph_answer": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February <hl> 1981 <hl>. Murdoch, an Australian who in 1985 became a naturalised American citizen, already owned The Sun and the News of the World, but the Conservative government decided not to refer the deal to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, citing a clause in the Fair Trading Act that exempted uneconomic businesses from referral. The Thomson Corporation had threatened to close the papers down if they were not taken over by someone else within an allotted time, and it was feared that any legal delay to Murdoch's takeover might lead to the two titles' demise. In return, Murdoch provided legally binding guarantees to preserve the titles' editorial independence.", "sentence_answer": "Murdoch's News International acquired the group in February <hl> 1981 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6716df2b22cd4dfcfbeeea"}
{"question": "Give the Percentage of people who already  weree living in San Francisco before becoming homeless?", "paragraph": "The city of San Francisco, California has a significant and visible homeless problem. Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000\u201310,000 people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. Additionally, there are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $200 million a year on homelessness related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the \"Care Not Cash\" plan which has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. At the same time, grassroots organizations within the Bay Area such as the Suitcase Clinic work to provide referrals for housing and employment to the homeless population[citation needed]. Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day, from 7 am until 11 pm furthering a \"criminalization\" strategy for responding to homelessness.", "answer": "61%", "sentence": "Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home.", "paragraph_sentence": "The city of San Francisco, California has a significant and visible homeless problem. <hl> Approximately 61% of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. <hl> The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000\u201310,000 people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. Additionally, there are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $200 million a year on homelessness related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the \"Care Not Cash\" plan which has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. At the same time, grassroots organizations within the Bay Area such as the Suitcase Clinic work to provide referrals for housing and employment to the homeless population[citation needed]. Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day, from 7 am until 11 pm furthering a \"criminalization\" strategy for responding to homelessness.", "paragraph_answer": "The city of San Francisco, California has a significant and visible homeless problem. Approximately <hl> 61% <hl> of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home. The city's homeless population has been estimated at 7,000\u201310,000 people, of which approximately 3,000\u20135,000 refuse shelter due to the conditions within the shelters including violence, racism, and homophobia and transphobia. Additionally, there are only 1,339 available shelter beds for the approximately 10,000 people sleeping outdoors. The city spends $200 million a year on homelessness related programs. On May 3, 2004, San Francisco officially began an attempt to scale back the scope of its homelessness problem by changing its strategy from cash payments to the \"Care Not Cash\" plan which has had no visible impact on reducing homelessness in the city. At the same time, grassroots organizations within the Bay Area such as the Suitcase Clinic work to provide referrals for housing and employment to the homeless population[citation needed]. Other organizations like the Coalition On Homelessness fight for increasing affordable and supportive housing in the quickly changing housing landscape of San Francisco. In 2010, a city ordinance was passed to disallow sitting and lying down on public sidewalks for most of the day, from 7 am until 11 pm furthering a \"criminalization\" strategy for responding to homelessness.", "sentence_answer": "Approximately <hl> 61% <hl> of the homeless population were already living and working in San Francisco when they became homeless, indicating that a majority of people experiencing homelessness did not come to the city for its resources but rather are being priced out of their home.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e8ee2b22cd4dfcfbd236"}
{"question": "What king of Armenia was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator?", "paragraph": "According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and Tiridates III, the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator. Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion (the first state to do so) has been referred to Nina Garso\u00efan as \"probably the most crucial step in its history.\"  This conversion distinguished it from its Iranian and Mazdean roots and protected it from further Parthian influence. Other scholars as well have stated that the acceptance of Christianity by the Arsacid-Armenian rulers was partly, in defiance of the Sassanids.", "answer": "Tiridates III", "sentence": "According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and Tiridates III , the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and Tiridates III , the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator. <hl> Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion (the first state to do so) has been referred to Nina Garso\u00efan as \"probably the most crucial step in its history.\" This conversion distinguished it from its Iranian and Mazdean roots and protected it from further Parthian influence. Other scholars as well have stated that the acceptance of Christianity by the Arsacid-Armenian rulers was partly, in defiance of the Sassanids.", "paragraph_answer": "According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and <hl> Tiridates III <hl>, the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator. Ancient Armenia's adoption of Christianity as a state religion (the first state to do so) has been referred to Nina Garso\u00efan as \"probably the most crucial step in its history.\" This conversion distinguished it from its Iranian and Mazdean roots and protected it from further Parthian influence. Other scholars as well have stated that the acceptance of Christianity by the Arsacid-Armenian rulers was partly, in defiance of the Sassanids.", "sentence_answer": "According to and, Armenian Christians were persecuted by kings Axidares, Khosrov I, and <hl> Tiridates III <hl> , the last of whom was converted to Christianity by Gregory the Illuminator.", "paragraph_id": "5d65879e2b22cd4dfcfbca0f"}
{"question": "Which culture transplanted Greek art to Italy?", "paragraph": "After the Fall of Tarentum (272 BC), the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath). This hellenization led to the addition of \"Y\" and \"Z\" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds. Subsequently the Romans transplanted Greek art, medicine, science and philosophy to Italy, paying almost any price to entice Greek skilled and educated persons to Rome, and sending their youth to be educated in Greece. Thus, many Latin scientific and philosophical words were Greek loanwords or had their meanings expanded by association with Greek words, as ars (craft) and \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7.", "answer": "the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture,", "sentence": "After the Fall of Tarentum (272 BC), the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath).", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> After the Fall of Tarentum (272 BC), the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath). <hl> This hellenization led to the addition of \"Y\" and \"Z\" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds. Subsequently the Romans transplanted Greek art, medicine, science and philosophy to Italy, paying almost any price to entice Greek skilled and educated persons to Rome, and sending their youth to be educated in Greece. Thus, many Latin scientific and philosophical words were Greek loanwords or had their meanings expanded by association with Greek words, as ars (craft) and \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7.", "paragraph_answer": "After the Fall of Tarentum (272 BC), <hl> the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, <hl> including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath). This hellenization led to the addition of \"Y\" and \"Z\" to the alphabet to represent Greek sounds. Subsequently the Romans transplanted Greek art, medicine, science and philosophy to Italy, paying almost any price to entice Greek skilled and educated persons to Rome, and sending their youth to be educated in Greece. Thus, many Latin scientific and philosophical words were Greek loanwords or had their meanings expanded by association with Greek words, as ars (craft) and \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7.", "sentence_answer": "After the Fall of Tarentum (272 BC), <hl> the Romans began hellenizing, or adopting features of Greek culture, <hl> including the borrowing of Greek words, such as camera (vaulted roof), sumbolum (symbol), and balineum (bath).", "paragraph_id": "5d65f6342b22cd4dfcfbd427"}
{"question": "What risk factors for cardiovascular disease do not change over time?", "paragraph": "There are several risk factors for heart diseases: age, gender, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, raised blood pressure (hypertension), raised blood sugar (diabetes mellitus), raised blood cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), psychosocial factors, poverty and low educational status, and air pollution. While the individual contribution of each risk factor varies between different communities or ethnic groups the overall contribution of these risk factors is very consistent. Some of these risk factors, such as age, gender or family history, are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.", "answer": "age, gender or family history", "sentence": "Some of these risk factors, such as age, gender or family history , are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.", "paragraph_sentence": "There are several risk factors for heart diseases: age, gender, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, raised blood pressure (hypertension), raised blood sugar (diabetes mellitus), raised blood cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), psychosocial factors, poverty and low educational status, and air pollution. While the individual contribution of each risk factor varies between different communities or ethnic groups the overall contribution of these risk factors is very consistent. <hl> Some of these risk factors, such as age, gender or family history , are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "There are several risk factors for heart diseases: age, gender, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, raised blood pressure (hypertension), raised blood sugar (diabetes mellitus), raised blood cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), psychosocial factors, poverty and low educational status, and air pollution. While the individual contribution of each risk factor varies between different communities or ethnic groups the overall contribution of these risk factors is very consistent. Some of these risk factors, such as <hl> age, gender or family history <hl>, are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.", "sentence_answer": "Some of these risk factors, such as <hl> age, gender or family history <hl> , are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment and prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.", "paragraph_id": "5d6614eb2b22cd4dfcfbd7ee"}
{"question": "On average, how many students did each school have?", "paragraph": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "answer": "688", "sentence": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had 688 students. <hl> In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had <hl> 688 <hl> students. In recent years, Istanbul's educational system has expanded substantially; from 2000 to 2007, the number of classrooms and teachers nearly doubled and the number of students increased by more than 60 percent. Galatasaray High School, established in 1481 as the Galata Palace Imperial School, is the oldest high school in Istanbul and the second-oldest educational institution in the city. It was built at the behest of Sultan Bayezid II, who sought to bring students with diverse backgrounds together as a means of strengthening his growing empire. It is one of Turkey's Anatolian High Schools, elite public high schools that place a stronger emphasis on instruction in foreign languages. Galatasaray, for example, offers instruction in French; other Anatolian High Schools primarily teach in English or German alongside Turkish. The city also has foreign high schools, such as Liceo Italiano, that were established in the 19th century to educate foreigners.", "sentence_answer": "In 2007, there were about 4,350 schools, about half of which were primary schools; on average, each school had <hl> 688 <hl> students.", "paragraph_id": "5d65f7e52b22cd4dfcfbd473"}
{"question": "What is the name for the cost associated with an insurance policy?", "paragraph": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (the insurance premium).  For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss.  That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "answer": "the insurance premium", "sentence": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee ( the insurance premium )", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee ( the insurance premium ) <hl> . For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "paragraph_answer": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee (<hl> the insurance premium <hl>). For example, a property insurance company may agree to bear the risk that a particular piece of property (e.g., a car or a house) may suffer a specific type or types of damage or loss during a certain period of time in exchange for a fee from the policyholder who would otherwise be responsible for that damage or loss. That agreement takes the form of an insurance policy.", "sentence_answer": "Insurance, generally, is a contract in which the insurer (stock insurance company, mutual insurance company, reciprocal, or Lloyd's syndicate, for example), agrees to compensate or indemnify another party (the insured, the policyholder or a beneficiary) for specified loss or damage to a specified thing (e.g., an item, property or life) from certain perils or risks in exchange for a fee ( <hl> the insurance premium <hl> )", "paragraph_id": "5d65ebfe2b22cd4dfcfbd2ae"}
{"question": "How were most early American flags made", "paragraph": "Despite the 1777 resolution, the early years of American independence featured many different flags. Most were individually crafted rather than mass-produced. While there are many examples of 13-star arrangements, some of those flags included blue stripes as well as red and white. Benjamin Franklin and John Adams, in a letter dated October 3, 1778, to the King of the Two Sicilies, described the American flag as consisting of \"13 stripes, alternately red, white, and blue, a small square in the upper angle, next the flag staff, is a blue field, with 13 white stars, denoting a new Constellation.\" John Paul Jones used a variety of 13-star flags on his U.S. Navy ships including the well-documented 1779 flags of the Serapis and the Alliance. The Serapis flag had three rows of eight-pointed stars with stripes that were red, white, and blue. The flag for the Alliance, however, had five rows of eight-pointed stars with 13 red and white stripes, and the white stripes were on the outer edges. Both flags were documented by the Dutch government in October 1779, making them two of the earliest known flags of 13 stars.", "answer": "individually crafted", "sentence": "Most were individually crafted rather than mass-produced.", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite the 1777 resolution, the early years of American independence featured many different flags. <hl> Most were individually crafted rather than mass-produced. <hl> While there are many examples of 13-star arrangements, some of those flags included blue stripes as well as red and white. Benjamin Franklin and John Adams, in a letter dated October 3, 1778, to the King of the Two Sicilies, described the American flag as consisting of \"13 stripes, alternately red, white, and blue, a small square in the upper angle, next the flag staff, is a blue field, with 13 white stars, denoting a new Constellation.\" John Paul Jones used a variety of 13-star flags on his U.S. Navy ships including the well-documented 1779 flags of the Serapis and the Alliance. The Serapis flag had three rows of eight-pointed stars with stripes that were red, white, and blue. The flag for the Alliance, however, had five rows of eight-pointed stars with 13 red and white stripes, and the white stripes were on the outer edges. Both flags were documented by the Dutch government in October 1779, making them two of the earliest known flags of 13 stars.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite the 1777 resolution, the early years of American independence featured many different flags. Most were <hl> individually crafted <hl> rather than mass-produced. While there are many examples of 13-star arrangements, some of those flags included blue stripes as well as red and white. Benjamin Franklin and John Adams, in a letter dated October 3, 1778, to the King of the Two Sicilies, described the American flag as consisting of \"13 stripes, alternately red, white, and blue, a small square in the upper angle, next the flag staff, is a blue field, with 13 white stars, denoting a new Constellation.\" John Paul Jones used a variety of 13-star flags on his U.S. Navy ships including the well-documented 1779 flags of the Serapis and the Alliance. The Serapis flag had three rows of eight-pointed stars with stripes that were red, white, and blue. The flag for the Alliance, however, had five rows of eight-pointed stars with 13 red and white stripes, and the white stripes were on the outer edges. Both flags were documented by the Dutch government in October 1779, making them two of the earliest known flags of 13 stars.", "sentence_answer": "Most were <hl> individually crafted <hl> rather than mass-produced.", "paragraph_id": "5d65de852b22cd4dfcfbd01a"}
{"question": "When did Mihail Gorbachev rose to power?", "paragraph": "In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev rose to power in the Soviet Union and began policies of radical political reform involving political liberalisation, called Perestroika and Glasnost. Gorbachev's policies were designed at dismantling authoritarian elements of the state that were developed by Stalin, while aiming for a return to a supposed ideal Leninist state that retained one-party structure while allowing the democratic election of competing candidates within the Communist Party for political office. Gorbachev also aimed to seek d\u00e9tente with the West and end the Cold War that was no longer economically sustainable to be pursued by the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union and the United States under US President George H. W. Bush joined in pushing for the dismantlement of apartheid and oversaw the dismantlement of South African colonial rule over Namibia.", "answer": "1985", "sentence": "In 1985 , Mikhail Gorbachev rose to power in the Soviet Union and began policies of radical political reform involving political liberalisation, called Perestroika and Glasnost.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1985 , Mikhail Gorbachev rose to power in the Soviet Union and began policies of radical political reform involving political liberalisation, called Perestroika and Glasnost. <hl> Gorbachev's policies were designed at dismantling authoritarian elements of the state that were developed by Stalin, while aiming for a return to a supposed ideal Leninist state that retained one-party structure while allowing the democratic election of competing candidates within the Communist Party for political office. Gorbachev also aimed to seek d\u00e9tente with the West and end the Cold War that was no longer economically sustainable to be pursued by the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union and the United States under US President George H. W. Bush joined in pushing for the dismantlement of apartheid and oversaw the dismantlement of South African colonial rule over Namibia.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1985 <hl>, Mikhail Gorbachev rose to power in the Soviet Union and began policies of radical political reform involving political liberalisation, called Perestroika and Glasnost. Gorbachev's policies were designed at dismantling authoritarian elements of the state that were developed by Stalin, while aiming for a return to a supposed ideal Leninist state that retained one-party structure while allowing the democratic election of competing candidates within the Communist Party for political office. Gorbachev also aimed to seek d\u00e9tente with the West and end the Cold War that was no longer economically sustainable to be pursued by the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union and the United States under US President George H. W. Bush joined in pushing for the dismantlement of apartheid and oversaw the dismantlement of South African colonial rule over Namibia.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1985 <hl> , Mikhail Gorbachev rose to power in the Soviet Union and began policies of radical political reform involving political liberalisation, called Perestroika and Glasnost.", "paragraph_id": "5d67bbd82b22cd4dfcfc00dc"}
{"question": "How many jobs does Pitt support?", "paragraph": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "answer": "33,800 jobs", "sentence": "These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County.", "paragraph_sentence": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. <hl> These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly 33,800 jobs in Allegheny County. <hl> The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "paragraph_answer": "The University of Pittsburgh has been noted for both its role in community outreach and its impact on the economy of the city and the Western Pennsylvania region. In 2009, Pitt was ranked second overall, and the top public university in the nation, as a \"Best Neighbor\" for positive impact on its urban community, including both commercial and residential activities such as revitalization, cultural renewal, economics, and community service and development according to the \"Saviors of Our Cities\" ranking. Pitt was also listed as a \"best neighbor\" in the previous ranking released in 2006. These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly <hl> 33,800 jobs <hl> in Allegheny County. The university is the Pittsburgh region's second largest non-government employer behind its affiliated University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Pitt's research program alone imports more than $822 million into the region each year (more than $3.60 for each $1 of state appropriations), and supports some 23,100 local jobs. Pitt students also spend more than $213 million on goods, services, and rental payments within the local economy. Pitt ranked sixth in the number of startups spawned by technologies developed by its researchers according to Association of University Technology Managers.", "sentence_answer": "These rankings reflect the statistics that each year Pitt spends more than $1.7 billion in the community and supports nearly <hl> 33,800 jobs <hl> in Allegheny County.", "paragraph_id": "5d67412f2b22cd4dfcfbf40f"}
{"question": "What happens if the traditional surname order is impossible?", "paragraph": "Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother, but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents, or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row.", "answer": "both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents", "sentence": "Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother, but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents , or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother, but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents , or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother, but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either <hl> both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents <hl>, or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row.", "sentence_answer": "Children will always bear the surname of the father followed by that of the mother, but if there is no known father and the mother is single, the children can bear either <hl> both of her mother's surnames or the mother's first surname followed by any of the surnames of the mother's parents or grandparents <hl> , or the child may bear the mother's first surname twice in a row.", "paragraph_id": "5d67607e2b22cd4dfcfbf932"}
{"question": "What country do women traditionally use thier husband's name after \"de?\"", "paragraph": "In Argentina, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "answer": "Argentina", "sentence": "In Argentina , women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In Argentina , women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". <hl> There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> Argentina <hl>, women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\". There are some province offices where a married woman can use only her birth name, and some others where she has to use the complete name, for legal purposes. The Argentine Civilian Code states both uses are correct, but police offices and passports are issued with the complete name. Today most women prefer to maintain their birth name given that \"de\" can be interpreted as meaning they belong to their husbands.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> Argentina <hl> , women traditionally used their husband's last name after \"de\".", "paragraph_id": "5d67bde92b22cd4dfcfc011c"}
{"question": "What were the unemployment rates measured in the past three months?", "paragraph": "Wells Fargo economists estimated the figure around 150,000 in January 2013: \"Over the past three months, labor force participation has averaged 63.7 percent, the same as the average for 2012. If the participation rate holds steady, how many new jobs are needed to lower the unemployment rate? The steady employment gains in recent months suggest a rough answer. The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent. Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000. Therefore, it appears that the magic number is something above 151,000 jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate.\" Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "answer": "63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent", "sentence": "The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent .", "paragraph_sentence": "Wells Fargo economists estimated the figure around 150,000 in January 2013: \"Over the past three months, labor force participation has averaged 63.7 percent, the same as the average for 2012. If the participation rate holds steady, how many new jobs are needed to lower the unemployment rate? The steady employment gains in recent months suggest a rough answer. <hl> The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent . <hl> Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000. Therefore, it appears that the magic number is something above 151,000 jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate.\" Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "paragraph_answer": "Wells Fargo economists estimated the figure around 150,000 in January 2013: \"Over the past three months, labor force participation has averaged 63.7 percent, the same as the average for 2012. If the participation rate holds steady, how many new jobs are needed to lower the unemployment rate? The steady employment gains in recent months suggest a rough answer. The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been <hl> 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent <hl>. Meanwhile, job gains have averaged 151,000. Therefore, it appears that the magic number is something above 151,000 jobs per month to lower the unemployment rate.\" Reuters reported a figure of 250,000 in February 2013, stating sustained job creation at this level would be needed to \"significantly reduce the ranks of unemployed.\"", "sentence_answer": "The unemployment rate has been 7.9 percent, 7.8 percent and 7.8 percent for the past three months, while the labor force participation rate has been <hl> 63.8 percent, 63.6 percent and 63.6 percent <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674d182b22cd4dfcfbf5a7"}
{"question": "When was the Pitt Musical Theater Club founded?", "paragraph": "Various student theater groups convene at Pitt. University of Pittsburgh Stages is the production company of the Department of Theatre Arts which puts public student performances of classic masterpieces, contemporary productions, and student-directed labs. It also runs the Shakespeare-in-the-Schools which tours classic theater for K-12 students throughout the Pittsburgh area. Friday Nite Improvs, Pittsburgh's longest-running theatre show, was started in 1989 by graduate theatre students. It takes place weekly inside the Cathedral of Learning's studio theatre. The Redeye Theatre Project is a festival of one-act plays cast, written, and rehearsed in 24 hours. Additionally, Pitt Musical Theater Club provides undergraduates the opportunity to perform in student directed variety shows and musicals. The club was founded in 2009.", "answer": "2009", "sentence": "The club was founded in 2009 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Various student theater groups convene at Pitt. University of Pittsburgh Stages is the production company of the Department of Theatre Arts which puts public student performances of classic masterpieces, contemporary productions, and student-directed labs. It also runs the Shakespeare-in-the-Schools which tours classic theater for K-12 students throughout the Pittsburgh area. Friday Nite Improvs, Pittsburgh's longest-running theatre show, was started in 1989 by graduate theatre students. It takes place weekly inside the Cathedral of Learning's studio theatre. The Redeye Theatre Project is a festival of one-act plays cast, written, and rehearsed in 24 hours. Additionally, Pitt Musical Theater Club provides undergraduates the opportunity to perform in student directed variety shows and musicals. <hl> The club was founded in 2009 . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Various student theater groups convene at Pitt. University of Pittsburgh Stages is the production company of the Department of Theatre Arts which puts public student performances of classic masterpieces, contemporary productions, and student-directed labs. It also runs the Shakespeare-in-the-Schools which tours classic theater for K-12 students throughout the Pittsburgh area. Friday Nite Improvs, Pittsburgh's longest-running theatre show, was started in 1989 by graduate theatre students. It takes place weekly inside the Cathedral of Learning's studio theatre. The Redeye Theatre Project is a festival of one-act plays cast, written, and rehearsed in 24 hours. Additionally, Pitt Musical Theater Club provides undergraduates the opportunity to perform in student directed variety shows and musicals. The club was founded in <hl> 2009 <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "The club was founded in <hl> 2009 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676f2d2b22cd4dfcfbfb7c"}
{"question": "In what district can you find the Valens Aqueduct?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "answer": "Fatih district", "sentence": "The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district .", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. <hl> The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the Fatih district . <hl> The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, but its buildings reflect the various peoples and empires that have previously ruled the city. Examples of Genoese and Roman architecture remain visible in Istanbul alongside their Ottoman counterparts. Nothing of the architecture of the classical Greek period has survived, but Roman architecture has proved to be more durable. The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the <hl> Fatih district <hl>. The Column of Constantine, erected in 330 CE to mark the new Roman capital, stands not far from the Hippodrome.", "sentence_answer": "The obelisk erected by Theodosius in the Hippodrome of Constantinople is still visible in Sultanahmet Square, and a section of the Valens Aqueduct, constructed in the late 4th century, stands relatively intact at the western edge of the <hl> Fatih district <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66b4172b22cd4dfcfbe405"}
{"question": "Which rival newspaper took a more traditional stance in contrast to Thatcherite leaning The Sunday Times?", "paragraph": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph. It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "answer": "Sunday Telegraph", "sentence": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival Sunday Telegraph . <hl> It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "paragraph_answer": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival <hl> Sunday Telegraph <hl>. It also built on its reputation for investigations. Its scoops included the revelation in 1986 that Israel had manufactured more than 100 nuclear warheads and the publication in 1992 of extracts from Andrew Morton's book, Diana: Her True Story in Her Own Words. In the early 1990s, the paper courted controversy with a series of articles in which it rejected the role of HIV in causing AIDS.", "sentence_answer": "Under Andrew Neil, editor from 1983 until 1994, The Sunday Times took a strongly Thatcherite slant that contrasted with the traditional paternalistic conservatism expounded by Peregrine Worsthorne at the rival <hl> Sunday Telegraph <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6719b52b22cd4dfcfbef40"}
{"question": "Can the Xbox One play Xbox 360 games?", "paragraph": "Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. It is a more specific implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system, a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications.\nMicrosoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. The Windows 10-based Core had replaced the Windows 8-based one in this update, and the new system is sometimes referred to as \"Windows 10 on Xbox One\" or \"OneCore\". \nXbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "answer": "Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360,", "sentence": "\n Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "paragraph_sentence": "Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. It is a more specific implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system, a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications. Microsoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. The Windows 10-based Core had replaced the Windows 8-based one in this update, and the new system is sometimes referred to as \"Windows 10 on Xbox One\" or \"OneCore\". <hl> Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on the Xbox One. It is a more specific implementation with an emphasis on virtualization (using Hyper-V) as it is three operating systems running at once, consisting of the core operating system, a second implemented for games and a more Windows-like environment for applications. Microsoft updates Xbox One's OS every month, and these updates can be downloaded from the Xbox Live service to the Xbox and subsequently installed, or by using offline recovery images downloaded via a PC. The Windows 10-based Core had replaced the Windows 8-based one in this update, and the new system is sometimes referred to as \"Windows 10 on Xbox One\" or \"OneCore\". <hl> Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, <hl> and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "sentence_answer": " <hl> Xbox One's system also allows backward compatibility with Xbox 360, <hl> and the Xbox 360's system is backwards compatible with the original Xbox.", "paragraph_id": "5d672bda2b22cd4dfcfbf185"}
{"question": "What caused the languages of Spain to diverge from the other Romance regions?", "paragraph": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "answer": "Moorish conquest of Spain", "sentence": "It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously.", "paragraph_sentence": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. <hl> It was not until the Moorish conquest of Spain in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. <hl> The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "paragraph_answer": "Despite dialect variation (which is found in any sufficiently widespread language) the languages of Spain, France, Portugal, and Italy retained a remarkable unity in phonological forms and developments, bolstered by the stabilizing influence of their common Christian (Roman Catholic) culture. It was not until the <hl> Moorish conquest of Spain <hl> in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously. The Vulgar Latin dialect that would later become Romanian diverged somewhat more from the other varieties due to its being largely cut off from the unifying influences in the western part of the Empire.", "sentence_answer": "It was not until the <hl> Moorish conquest of Spain <hl> in 711 cut off communications between the major Romance regions that the languages began to diverge seriously.", "paragraph_id": "5d6611a52b22cd4dfcfbd79a"}
{"question": "What is the distance between the Equator and the North Pole?", "paragraph": "Consider as an example superimposing 3D Cartesian coordinates over all points on the Earth (i.e. geospatial 3D). What units make sense?   Kilometers are a good choice, since the original definition of the kilometer was geospatial...10,000 km equalling the surface distance from the Equator to the North Pole. Where to place the origin?  Based on symmetry, the gravitational center of the Earth suggests a natural landmark (which can be sensed via satellite orbits).  Finally, how to orient X, Y and Z axis directions?   The axis of Earth's spin provides a natural direction strongly associated with \"up vs. down\", so positive Z can adopt the direction from geocenter to North Pole. A location on the Equator is needed to define the X-axis, and the Prime Meridian stands out as a reference direction, so the X-axis takes the direction from geocenter out to [ 0 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. Note that with 3 dimensions, and two perpendicular axes directions pinned down for X and Z, the Y-axis is determined by the first two choices.  In order to obey the right hand rule, the Y-axis must point out from the geocenter to  [ 90 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. So what are the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building in New York City?   Using [ longitude = \u221273.985656, latitude = 40.748433 ], Earth radius = 40,000/2\u03c0, and transforming from spherical --> Cartesian coordinates, you can estimate the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building, [ x, y, z ] = [ 1330.53 km, \u20134635.75 km, 4155.46 km ].  GPS navigation relies on such geocentric coordinates.", "answer": "10,000 km", "sentence": "10,000 km equalling the surface distance from the Equator to the North Pole.", "paragraph_sentence": "Consider as an example superimposing 3D Cartesian coordinates over all points on the Earth (i.e. geospatial 3D). What units make sense? Kilometers are a good choice, since the original definition of the kilometer was geospatial... <hl> 10,000 km equalling the surface distance from the Equator to the North Pole. <hl> Where to place the origin? Based on symmetry, the gravitational center of the Earth suggests a natural landmark (which can be sensed via satellite orbits). Finally, how to orient X, Y and Z axis directions? The axis of Earth's spin provides a natural direction strongly associated with \"up vs. down\", so positive Z can adopt the direction from geocenter to North Pole. A location on the Equator is needed to define the X-axis, and the Prime Meridian stands out as a reference direction, so the X-axis takes the direction from geocenter out to [ 0 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. Note that with 3 dimensions, and two perpendicular axes directions pinned down for X and Z, the Y-axis is determined by the first two choices. In order to obey the right hand rule, the Y-axis must point out from the geocenter to [ 90 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. So what are the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building in New York City? Using [ longitude = \u221273.985656, latitude = 40.748433 ], Earth radius = 40,000/2\u03c0, and transforming from spherical --> Cartesian coordinates, you can estimate the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building, [ x, y, z ] = [ 1330.53 km, \u20134635.75 km, 4155.46 km ]. GPS navigation relies on such geocentric coordinates.", "paragraph_answer": "Consider as an example superimposing 3D Cartesian coordinates over all points on the Earth (i.e. geospatial 3D). What units make sense? Kilometers are a good choice, since the original definition of the kilometer was geospatial...<hl> 10,000 km <hl> equalling the surface distance from the Equator to the North Pole. Where to place the origin? Based on symmetry, the gravitational center of the Earth suggests a natural landmark (which can be sensed via satellite orbits). Finally, how to orient X, Y and Z axis directions? The axis of Earth's spin provides a natural direction strongly associated with \"up vs. down\", so positive Z can adopt the direction from geocenter to North Pole. A location on the Equator is needed to define the X-axis, and the Prime Meridian stands out as a reference direction, so the X-axis takes the direction from geocenter out to [ 0 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. Note that with 3 dimensions, and two perpendicular axes directions pinned down for X and Z, the Y-axis is determined by the first two choices. In order to obey the right hand rule, the Y-axis must point out from the geocenter to [ 90 degrees longitude, 0 degrees latitude ]. So what are the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building in New York City? Using [ longitude = \u221273.985656, latitude = 40.748433 ], Earth radius = 40,000/2\u03c0, and transforming from spherical --> Cartesian coordinates, you can estimate the geocentric coordinates of the Empire State Building, [ x, y, z ] = [ 1330.53 km, \u20134635.75 km, 4155.46 km ]. GPS navigation relies on such geocentric coordinates.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> 10,000 km <hl> equalling the surface distance from the Equator to the North Pole.", "paragraph_id": "5d66789e2b22cd4dfcfbe039"}
{"question": "New York City had strong business ties to which region of The United States?", "paragraph": "New York City played a complex role in the American Civil War. The city's strong commercial ties to the American South, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. These intense war-time riots are counted among the worst incidents of civil disorder in American history, with an estimated 119 participants and passersby massacred.", "answer": "South", "sentence": "The city's strong commercial ties to the American South , its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863.", "paragraph_sentence": "New York City played a complex role in the American Civil War. <hl> The city's strong commercial ties to the American South , its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. <hl> These intense war-time riots are counted among the worst incidents of civil disorder in American history, with an estimated 119 participants and passersby massacred.", "paragraph_answer": "New York City played a complex role in the American Civil War. The city's strong commercial ties to the American <hl> South <hl>, its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863. These intense war-time riots are counted among the worst incidents of civil disorder in American history, with an estimated 119 participants and passersby massacred.", "sentence_answer": "The city's strong commercial ties to the American <hl> South <hl> , its growing immigrant population (prior to then largely from Germany and Ireland; beginning in the late 1850s waves of Italian; and Central, and Eastern European Jews began flowing in en-masse), anger about conscription sizzled and resentment at those who could afford to pay $300 to avoid service, led to resentment against Lincoln's war policies, plus the racial element, fomented paranoia about free Blacks taking the poor immigrants' jobs, culminated in the three-day-long New York Draft Riots of July 1863.", "paragraph_id": "5d6703622b22cd4dfcfbea65"}
{"question": "Tin scavenges what from PVC to prevent it from degrading?", "paragraph": "The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "answer": "labile chloride ions", "sentence": "Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material.", "paragraph_sentence": "The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. <hl> Tin scavenges labile chloride ions (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. <hl> Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "paragraph_answer": "The major commercial application of organotin compounds is in the stabilization of PVC plastics. In the absence of such stabilizers, PVC would otherwise rapidly degrade under heat, light, and atmospheric oxygen, to give discolored, brittle products. Tin scavenges <hl> labile chloride ions <hl> (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material. Typical tin compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives of dibutyltin dichloride, such as the dilaurate.", "sentence_answer": "Tin scavenges <hl> labile chloride ions <hl> (Cl\u2212), which would otherwise initiate loss of HCl from the plastic material.", "paragraph_id": "5d674dd42b22cd4dfcfbf5d2"}
{"question": "Where are the majority of Seafood restaurants in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "answer": "the shores of the Bosphorus", "sentence": "Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y).", "paragraph_sentence": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. <hl> Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line the shores of the Bosphorus (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). <hl> Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "paragraph_answer": "Aside from typical Turkish cuisine like kebab, Istanbul is also famous for its historic seafood restaurants. Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line <hl> the shores of the Bosphorus <hl> (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y). Kumkap\u0131 along the Sea of Marmara has a pedestrian zone that hosts around fifty fish restaurants. The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9 mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. Because of their restaurants, historic summer mansions, and tranquil, car-free streets, the Princes' Islands are a popular vacation destination among Istanbulites and foreign tourists.", "sentence_answer": "Many of the city's most popular and upscale seafood restaurants line <hl> the shores of the Bosphorus <hl> (particularly in neighborhoods like Ortak\u00f6y, Bebek, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Yenik\u00f6y, Beylerbeyi and \u00c7engelk\u00f6y).", "paragraph_id": "5d65eb8f2b22cd4dfcfbd2a4"}
{"question": "What did the large chimney provide?", "paragraph": "New England farming families generally lived in wooden houses because of the abundance of trees. A typical New England farmhouse was one-and-a-half stories tall and had a strong frame (usually made of large square timbers) that was covered by wooden clapboard siding. A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter. One side of the ground floor contained a hall, a general-purpose room where the family worked and ate meals. Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed. Children slept in a loft above, while the kitchen was either part of the hall or was located in a shed along the back of the house. Because colonial families were large, these small dwellings had much activity and there was little privacy.", "answer": "cooking facilities and warmth during the winter", "sentence": "A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter .", "paragraph_sentence": "New England farming families generally lived in wooden houses because of the abundance of trees. A typical New England farmhouse was one-and-a-half stories tall and had a strong frame (usually made of large square timbers) that was covered by wooden clapboard siding. <hl> A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided cooking facilities and warmth during the winter . <hl> One side of the ground floor contained a hall, a general-purpose room where the family worked and ate meals. Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed. Children slept in a loft above, while the kitchen was either part of the hall or was located in a shed along the back of the house. Because colonial families were large, these small dwellings had much activity and there was little privacy.", "paragraph_answer": "New England farming families generally lived in wooden houses because of the abundance of trees. A typical New England farmhouse was one-and-a-half stories tall and had a strong frame (usually made of large square timbers) that was covered by wooden clapboard siding. A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided <hl> cooking facilities and warmth during the winter <hl>. One side of the ground floor contained a hall, a general-purpose room where the family worked and ate meals. Adjacent to the hall was the parlor, a room used to entertain guests that contained the family's best furnishings and the parent's bed. Children slept in a loft above, while the kitchen was either part of the hall or was located in a shed along the back of the house. Because colonial families were large, these small dwellings had much activity and there was little privacy.", "sentence_answer": "A large chimney stood in the middle of the house that provided <hl> cooking facilities and warmth during the winter <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d667dbe2b22cd4dfcfbe0a0"}
{"question": "What is the official title of the person who runs the highest court in Connecticut?", "paragraph": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "answer": "Chief Justice of Connecticut", "sentence": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the Chief Justice of Connecticut . <hl> The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "paragraph_answer": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the <hl> Chief Justice of Connecticut <hl>. The Supreme Court is responsible for deciding on the constitutionality of the law or cases as they relate to the law. Its proceedings are similar to those of the United States Supreme Court, with no testimony given by witnesses, and the lawyers of the two sides each present oral arguments no longer than thirty minutes. Following a court proceeding, the court may take several months to arrive at a judgment. As of 2015[update] the Chief Justice is Chase T. Rogers.", "sentence_answer": "The highest court of Connecticut's judicial branch is the Connecticut Supreme Court, headed by the <hl> Chief Justice of Connecticut <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65e58c2b22cd4dfcfbd19b"}
{"question": "What do polls tell us most Americans think should be the most important government policy?", "paragraph": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "answer": "job creation", "sentence": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the job creation rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. <hl> Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "paragraph_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the <hl> job creation <hl> rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation. Polls indicate that Americans believe job creation is the most important government priority, with not sending jobs overseas the primary solution. Much of the 2012 Presidential campaign focused on job creation as a first priority, but the fiscal cliff and other fiscal debates took precedence in 2012 and early 2013. Critics argued prioritizing deficit reduction was misplaced, as there was no immediate fiscal crisis but there was a high level of unemployment, particularly long-term unemployment. From October 2010 to November 2015, the U.S. added a total of 12.4 million jobs, with positive job growth each month averaging 203,000, a robust rate by historical standards.", "sentence_answer": "The major political parties debate appropriate solutions for improving the <hl> job creation <hl> rate, with liberals arguing for more government spending and conservatives arguing for lower taxes and less regulation.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707c42b22cd4dfcfbeb4c"}
{"question": "What was the second ranked cause of homelessness mentioned by the mayors?", "paragraph": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "answer": "mental illness", "sentence": "The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs.", "paragraph_sentence": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... <hl> The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were mental illness or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. <hl> The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "paragraph_answer": "\"In 2004 the United States Conference of Mayors... surveyed the mayors of major cities on the extent and causes of urban homelessness and most of the mayors named the lack of affordable housing as a cause of homelessness.... The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were <hl> mental illness <hl> or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs. The lowest ranking cause, cited by five mayors, was prisoner reentry. Other causes cited were unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty.\"", "sentence_answer": "The next three causes identified by mayors, in rank order, were <hl> mental illness <hl> or the lack of needed services, substance abuse and lack of needed services, and low-paying jobs.", "paragraph_id": "5d66196c2b22cd4dfcfbd8a5"}
{"question": "In what year did William Canby first claim that Betsy Ross had sewn the first U.S. flag?", "paragraph": "The origin of the stars and stripes design has been muddled by a story disseminated by the descendants of Betsy Ross. The apocryphal story credits Betsy Ross for sewing the first flag from a pencil sketch handed to her by George Washington. No evidence for this exists either in the diaries of George Washington nor in the records of the Continental Congress. Indeed, nearly a century passed before Ross' grandson, William Canby, first publicly suggested the story in 1870. By her family's own admission, Ross ran an upholstery business, and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776. Furthermore, her grandson admitted that his own search through the Journals of Congress and other official records failed to find corroboration of his grandmother's story.", "answer": "1870", "sentence": "Indeed, nearly a century passed before Ross' grandson, William Canby, first publicly suggested the story in 1870 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The origin of the stars and stripes design has been muddled by a story disseminated by the descendants of Betsy Ross. The apocryphal story credits Betsy Ross for sewing the first flag from a pencil sketch handed to her by George Washington. No evidence for this exists either in the diaries of George Washington nor in the records of the Continental Congress. <hl> Indeed, nearly a century passed before Ross' grandson, William Canby, first publicly suggested the story in 1870 . <hl> By her family's own admission, Ross ran an upholstery business, and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776. Furthermore, her grandson admitted that his own search through the Journals of Congress and other official records failed to find corroboration of his grandmother's story.", "paragraph_answer": "The origin of the stars and stripes design has been muddled by a story disseminated by the descendants of Betsy Ross. The apocryphal story credits Betsy Ross for sewing the first flag from a pencil sketch handed to her by George Washington. No evidence for this exists either in the diaries of George Washington nor in the records of the Continental Congress. Indeed, nearly a century passed before Ross' grandson, William Canby, first publicly suggested the story in <hl> 1870 <hl>. By her family's own admission, Ross ran an upholstery business, and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776. Furthermore, her grandson admitted that his own search through the Journals of Congress and other official records failed to find corroboration of his grandmother's story.", "sentence_answer": "Indeed, nearly a century passed before Ross' grandson, William Canby, first publicly suggested the story in <hl> 1870 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6666532b22cd4dfcfbddf0"}
{"question": "Refugees from which community were attracted to the Rhode Island Colony?", "paragraph": "The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. They hoped this new land would serve as a \"redeemer nation\". They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe. Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony, which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "answer": "Puritans", "sentence": "The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. <hl> They hoped this new land would serve as a \"redeemer nation\". They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe. Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony, which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "paragraph_answer": "The <hl> Puritans <hl> created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States. They hoped this new land would serve as a \"redeemer nation\". They fled England and in America attempted to create a \"nation of saints\" or a \"City upon a Hill\": an intensely religious, thoroughly righteous community designed to be an example for all of Europe. Roger Williams, who preached religious toleration, separation of Church and State, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished and founded Rhode Island Colony, which became a haven for other refugees from the Puritan community, such as Anne Hutchinson.", "sentence_answer": "The <hl> Puritans <hl> created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit, and politically innovative culture that still influences the modern United States.", "paragraph_id": "5d662fb42b22cd4dfcfbdab8"}
{"question": "What is the national church of Armenia?", "paragraph": "The Armenian Apostolic Church ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people. It is part of Oriental Orthodoxy and is one of the most ancient Christian communities. Armenia is an early center of Christianity, and it was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion in the early 4th century (traditionally in 301 AD), by establishing this church. The church claims to have originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus in the 1st century.", "answer": "The Armenian Apostolic Church", "sentence": "The Armenian Apostolic Church ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Armenian Apostolic Church ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people. <hl> It is part of Oriental Orthodoxy and is one of the most ancient Christian communities. Armenia is an early center of Christianity, and it was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion in the early 4th century (traditionally in 301 AD), by establishing this church. The church claims to have originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus in the 1st century.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> The Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people. It is part of Oriental Orthodoxy and is one of the most ancient Christian communities. Armenia is an early center of Christianity, and it was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion in the early 4th century (traditionally in 301 AD), by establishing this church. The church claims to have originated in the missions of Apostles Bartholomew and Thaddeus in the 1st century.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The Armenian Apostolic Church <hl> ([\u0540\u0561\u0575 \u0531\u057c\u0561\u0584\u0565\u056c\u0561\u056f\u0561\u0576 \u0535\u056f\u0565\u0572\u0565\u0581\u056b, Hay A\u1e59ak\u2019elakan Yekeghetsi] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help))[a] is the national church of the Armenian people.", "paragraph_id": "5d6585512b22cd4dfcfbc9e0"}
{"question": "By what principle does a layer of saline water move opposite the flow of the Baltic Sea?", "paragraph": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "answer": "salinity permeation principle", "sentence": "Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle , a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. <hl> Due to the difference in salinity, by salinity permeation principle , a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. <hl> It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "paragraph_answer": "The Baltic Sea flows out through the Danish straits; however, the flow is complex. A surface layer of brackish water discharges 940 km3 (230 cu mi) per year into the North Sea. Due to the difference in salinity, by <hl> salinity permeation principle <hl>, a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year. It mixes very slowly with the upper waters, resulting in a salinity gradient from top to bottom, with most of the salt water remaining below 40 to 70 m (130 to 230 ft) deep. The general circulation is anti-clockwise: northwards along its eastern boundary, and south along the western one .", "sentence_answer": "Due to the difference in salinity, by <hl> salinity permeation principle <hl> , a sub-surface layer of more saline water moving in the opposite direction brings in 475 km3 (114 cu mi) per year.", "paragraph_id": "5d6619032b22cd4dfcfbd87e"}
{"question": "What European country places their surname first?", "paragraph": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in Hungary, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "answer": "Hungary", "sentence": "This is the case in Hungary , parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. <hl> This is the case in Hungary , parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In some cultures, including those of most Western countries, the surname or family name (\"last name\") is placed after the personal or given name (\"first name\"). In other cultures the surname is placed first, followed by the given name or names. This is the case in <hl> Hungary <hl>, parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "sentence_answer": "This is the case in <hl> Hungary <hl> , parts of Romania, Bavaria, Austria, South India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam and China.", "paragraph_id": "5d67f1132b22cd4dfcfc046e"}
{"question": "How many call sites can a subprogram have?", "paragraph": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "answer": "any number and nature", "sentence": "A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> A subprogram may have any number and nature of call sites. <hl> If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "paragraph_answer": "A subprogram may have <hl> any number and nature <hl> of call sites. If recursion is supported, a subprogram may even call itself, causing its execution to suspend while another nested execution of the same subprogram occurs. Recursion is a useful means to simplify some complex algorithms, and breaking down complex problems. Recursive languages generally provide a new copy of local variables on each call. If the programmer desires the value of local variables to stay the same between calls, they can be declared static in some languages, or global values or common areas can be used. Here is an example of recursive subroutine in C/C++ to find Fibonacci numbers:", "sentence_answer": "A subprogram may have <hl> any number and nature <hl> of call sites.", "paragraph_id": "5d675b0b2b22cd4dfcfbf81e"}
{"question": "What is a wildly contested thesis in Academia in regards to the Atlantic slave trade?", "paragraph": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d in academia. David Richardson has concluded that the profits from the slave trade amounted to less than 1% of domestic investment in Britain. Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. Engerman\u2019s 5% figure gives as much as possible in terms of benefit of the doubt to the Williams argument, not solely because it does not take into account the associated costs of the slave trade to Britain, but also because it carries the full-employment assumption from economics and holds the gross value of slave trade profits as a direct contribution to Britain\u2019s national income. Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before.", "answer": "\u201cWilliams thesis\u201d", "sentence": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d in academia.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d in academia. <hl> David Richardson has concluded that the profits from the slave trade amounted to less than 1% of domestic investment in Britain. Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. Engerman\u2019s 5% figure gives as much as possible in terms of benefit of the doubt to the Williams argument, not solely because it does not take into account the associated costs of the slave trade to Britain, but also because it carries the full-employment assumption from economics and holds the gross value of slave trade profits as a direct contribution to Britain\u2019s national income. Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before.", "paragraph_answer": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the <hl> \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d <hl> in academia. David Richardson has concluded that the profits from the slave trade amounted to less than 1% of domestic investment in Britain. Economic historian Stanley Engerman finds that even without subtracting the associated costs of the slave trade (e.g., shipping costs, slave mortality, mortality of British people in Africa, defense costs) or reinvestment of profits back into the slave trade, the total profits from the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to less than 5% of the British economy during any year of the Industrial Revolution. Engerman\u2019s 5% figure gives as much as possible in terms of benefit of the doubt to the Williams argument, not solely because it does not take into account the associated costs of the slave trade to Britain, but also because it carries the full-employment assumption from economics and holds the gross value of slave trade profits as a direct contribution to Britain\u2019s national income. Historian Richard Pares, in an article written before Williams\u2019 book, dismisses the influence of wealth generated from the West Indian plantations upon the financing of the Industrial Revolution, stating that whatever substantial flow of investment from West Indian profits into industry there was occurred after emancipation, not before.", "sentence_answer": "Other researchers and historians have strongly contested what has come to be referred to as the <hl> \u201cWilliams thesis\u201d <hl> in academia.", "paragraph_id": "5d66b9752b22cd4dfcfbe45e"}
{"question": "In which year the Stamp Act was enacted?", "paragraph": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "answer": "1765", "sentence": "Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution.", "paragraph_sentence": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. <hl> Beginning in 1765 the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. <hl> The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "paragraph_answer": "In the colonial era, Americans insisted on their rights as Englishmen to have their own legislature raise all taxes. Tax loads in practice were very light, and far lower than in England. Beginning in <hl> 1765 <hl> the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution. The first wave of protests attacked the Stamp Act of 1765, and marked the first time Americans from each of the 13 colonies met together and planned a common front against British taxation. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 dumped British tea into Boston Harbor because it contained a hidden tax Americans refused to pay. The British responded by trying to crush traditional liberties in Massachusetts, leading to the American revolution starting in 1775.", "sentence_answer": "Beginning in <hl> 1765 <hl> the British Parliament asserted its supreme authority to lay taxes, and a series of American protests began that led directly to the American Revolution.", "paragraph_id": "5d6770112b22cd4dfcfbfbb0"}
{"question": "What was the percentage increase of British exports to North America between 1740 and 1770?", "paragraph": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "answer": "360%", "sentence": "Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770.", "paragraph_sentence": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. <hl> Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. <hl> Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "paragraph_answer": "Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by <hl> 360% <hl> between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers,[citation needed] Americans began buying staggering amounts of British goods. From Nova Scotia to Georgia, all British subjects bought similar products, creating and anglicizing a sort of common identity.", "sentence_answer": "Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by <hl> 360% <hl> between 1740 and 1770.", "paragraph_id": "5d676b992b22cd4dfcfbfaca"}
{"question": "What's the second objective of the bill as summarized by the Congressional Research Service?", "paragraph": "The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\"", "answer": "deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction", "sentence": "The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\"", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\" <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) <hl> deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction <hl> (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\"", "sentence_answer": "The Congressional Research Service summarized the bill as follows: \"Creating American Jobs and Ending Offshoring Act\u2014Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) exempt from employment taxes for a 24-month period employers who hire a employee who replaces another employee who is not a citizen or permanent resident of the United States and who performs similar duties overseas; (2) <hl> deny any tax deduction, deduction for loss, or tax credit for the cost of an American jobs offshoring transaction <hl> (defined as any transaction in which a taxpayer reduces or eliminates the operation of a trade or business in connection with the start-up or expansion of such trade or business outside the United States); and (3) eliminate the deferral of tax on income of a controlled foreign corporation attributable to property imported into the United States by such corporation or a related person, except for property exported before substantial use in the United States and for agricultural commodities not grown in the United States in commercially marketable quantities.\"", "paragraph_id": "5d676cf12b22cd4dfcfbfb17"}
{"question": "What is the name of the 18 degree S coastline bend?", "paragraph": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "answer": "\"Arica Elbow\".", "sentence": "The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "paragraph_sentence": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. <hl> The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the \"Arica Elbow\". Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The Andean orogen has a series of bends or oroclines. The Bolivian Orocline is a seaward concave bending in the coast of South America and the Andes Mountains at about 18\u00b0 S. At this point the orientation of the Andes turns from Northwest in Peru to South in Chile and Argentina. The Andean segment north and south of the orocline have been rotated 15\u00b0 to 20\u00b0 counter clockwise and clockwise respectively. The Bolivian Orocline area overlaps with the area of maximum width of the Altiplano Plateau and according to Isacks (1988) the orocline is related to crustal shortening. The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the <hl> \"Arica Elbow\". <hl> Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "sentence_answer": "The specific point at 18\u00b0 S where the coastline bends is known as the <hl> \"Arica Elbow\". <hl> Further south lies the Maipo Orocline or Maipo Transition Zone located between 30\u00b0 S and 38\u00b0S in the with a break in trend at 33\u00b0 S. Near the southern tip of the Andes lies the Patagonian orocline.", "paragraph_id": "5d6598af2b22cd4dfcfbca69"}
{"question": "Among college graduates, how much of an advantage did people identifying as Democrats have over Republicans?", "paragraph": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "answer": "+8", "sentence": "They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. <hl> They found that self-described Democrats had a +8 advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. <hl> Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "paragraph_answer": "In 2012, the Pew Research Center conducted a study of registered voters with a 35\u201328, Democrat-to-Republican gap. They found that self-described Democrats had a <hl> +8 <hl> advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled. Republicans were +11 among white men with college degrees, Democrats +10 among women with degrees. Democrats accounted for 36% of all respondents with an education of high school or less, Republicans were 28%. When isolating just white registered voters polled, Republicans had a +6 advantage overall and were +9 of those with a high school education or less.", "sentence_answer": "They found that self-described Democrats had a <hl> +8 <hl> advantage over Republicans among college graduates, +14 of all post-graduates polled.", "paragraph_id": "5d6714892b22cd4dfcfbee64"}
{"question": "What year did Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan?", "paragraph": "In 1979, the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. The West responded to the Soviet military actions by boycotting the Moscow Olympics of 1980 and providing clandestine support to the Mujahideen, including Osama bin Laden, as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s.", "answer": "1979", "sentence": "In 1979 , the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1979 , the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. <hl> The West responded to the Soviet military actions by boycotting the Moscow Olympics of 1980 and providing clandestine support to the Mujahideen, including Osama bin Laden, as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s.", "paragraph_answer": "In <hl> 1979 <hl>, the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West. The West responded to the Soviet military actions by boycotting the Moscow Olympics of 1980 and providing clandestine support to the Mujahideen, including Osama bin Laden, as a means to challenge the Soviet Union. The war became a Soviet equivalent of the Vietnam War to the United States \u2013 it remained a stalemate throughout the 1980s.", "sentence_answer": "In <hl> 1979 <hl> , the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan to secure the communist regime there, though the act was seen as an invasion by Afghans opposed to Afghanistan's communist regime and by the West.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c7072b22cd4dfcfc01de"}
{"question": "What health conditions are associated with cardiovascular disease?", "paragraph": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended. It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "answer": "hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia", "sentence": "For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia , or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> For adults without a known diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia , or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended. <hl> It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "paragraph_answer": "For adults without a known diagnosis of <hl> hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia <hl>, or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended. It is unclear whether or not dental care in those with periodontitis affects the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise in those who are at high risk of heart disease has not been well studied as of 2014.", "sentence_answer": "For adults without a known diagnosis of <hl> hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia <hl> , or cardiovascular disease, routine counseling to advise them to improve their diet and increase their physical activity has not been found to significantly alter behavior, and thus is not recommended.", "paragraph_id": "5d6613b42b22cd4dfcfbd7c8"}
{"question": "Can you write a function that is a function whose domain is X and image is a subset of Y?", "paragraph": "If a function is defined as a set of ordered pairs with no specific codomain, then f: X \u2192 Y indicates that f is a function whose domain is X and whose image is a subset of Y.  This is the case in the ISO standard. Y may be referred to as the codomain but then any set including the image of f is a valid codomain of f. This is also referred to by saying that \"f maps X into Y\" In some usages X and Y may subset the ordered pairs, e.g. the function f on the real numbers such that y=x2 when used as in f: [0,4] \u2192 [0,4] means the function defined only on the interval [0,2]. With the definition of a function as an ordered triple this would always be considered a partial function.", "answer": "f: X \u2192 Y", "sentence": "If a function is defined as a set of ordered pairs with no specific codomain, then f: X \u2192 Y indicates that f is a function whose domain is X and whose image is a subset of Y.  This is the case in the ISO standard.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> If a function is defined as a set of ordered pairs with no specific codomain, then f: X \u2192 Y indicates that f is a function whose domain is X and whose image is a subset of Y. This is the case in the ISO standard. <hl> Y may be referred to as the codomain but then any set including the image of f is a valid codomain of f. This is also referred to by saying that \"f maps X into Y\" In some usages X and Y may subset the ordered pairs, e.g. the function f on the real numbers such that y=x2 when used as in f: [0,4] \u2192 [0,4] means the function defined only on the interval [0,2]. With the definition of a function as an ordered triple this would always be considered a partial function.", "paragraph_answer": "If a function is defined as a set of ordered pairs with no specific codomain, then <hl> f: X \u2192 Y <hl> indicates that f is a function whose domain is X and whose image is a subset of Y. This is the case in the ISO standard. Y may be referred to as the codomain but then any set including the image of f is a valid codomain of f. This is also referred to by saying that \"f maps X into Y\" In some usages X and Y may subset the ordered pairs, e.g. the function f on the real numbers such that y=x2 when used as in f: [0,4] \u2192 [0,4] means the function defined only on the interval [0,2]. With the definition of a function as an ordered triple this would always be considered a partial function.", "sentence_answer": "If a function is defined as a set of ordered pairs with no specific codomain, then <hl> f: X \u2192 Y <hl> indicates that f is a function whose domain is X and whose image is a subset of Y. This is the case in the ISO standard.", "paragraph_id": "5d66bd232b22cd4dfcfbe490"}
{"question": "What failed in 1982?", "paragraph": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the \"boys' clubs\" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "answer": "adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution", "sentence": "However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "paragraph_sentence": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the \"boys' clubs\" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. <hl> However, in 1982 adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "By the early 1980s, it was largely perceived that women had met their goals and succeeded in changing social attitudes towards gender roles, repealing oppressive laws that were based on sex, integrating the \"boys' clubs\" such as Military academies, the United States armed forces, NASA, single-sex colleges, men's clubs, and the Supreme Court, and illegalizing gender discrimination. However, in 1982 <hl> adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution <hl> failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "sentence_answer": "However, in 1982 <hl> adding the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution <hl> failed, having been ratified by only 35 states, leaving it three states short of ratification.", "paragraph_id": "5d677f512b22cd4dfcfbfd81"}
{"question": "How long do good analyses of gauge data typically take?", "paragraph": "In other cases, the goal is producing the best instantaneous satellite estimate, which is the High Resolution Precipitation Product approach. In either case, of course, the less-emphasized goal is also considered desirable. One key result of the multi-satellite studies is that including even a small amount of surface gauge data is very useful for controlling the biases that are endemic to satellite estimates. The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take two months or more after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control. Thus, precipitation estimates that include gauge data tend to be produced further after the observation time than the no-gauge estimates. As a result, while estimates that include gauge data may provide a more accurate depiction of the \"true\" precipitation, they are generally not suited for real- or near-real-time applications.", "answer": "two months or more", "sentence": "The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take two months or more after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control.", "paragraph_sentence": "In other cases, the goal is producing the best instantaneous satellite estimate, which is the High Resolution Precipitation Product approach. In either case, of course, the less-emphasized goal is also considered desirable. One key result of the multi-satellite studies is that including even a small amount of surface gauge data is very useful for controlling the biases that are endemic to satellite estimates. <hl> The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take two months or more after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control. <hl> Thus, precipitation estimates that include gauge data tend to be produced further after the observation time than the no-gauge estimates. As a result, while estimates that include gauge data may provide a more accurate depiction of the \"true\" precipitation, they are generally not suited for real- or near-real-time applications.", "paragraph_answer": "In other cases, the goal is producing the best instantaneous satellite estimate, which is the High Resolution Precipitation Product approach. In either case, of course, the less-emphasized goal is also considered desirable. One key result of the multi-satellite studies is that including even a small amount of surface gauge data is very useful for controlling the biases that are endemic to satellite estimates. The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take <hl> two months or more <hl> after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control. Thus, precipitation estimates that include gauge data tend to be produced further after the observation time than the no-gauge estimates. As a result, while estimates that include gauge data may provide a more accurate depiction of the \"true\" precipitation, they are generally not suited for real- or near-real-time applications.", "sentence_answer": "The difficulties in using gauge data are that 1) their availability is limited, as noted above, and 2) the best analyses of gauge data take <hl> two months or more <hl> after the observation time to undergo the necessary transmission, assembly, processing and quality control.", "paragraph_id": "5d677aa72b22cd4dfcfbfcf6"}
{"question": "What was created as a result of communist revolution in Mongolia?", "paragraph": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "answer": "Mongolian People's Republic", "sentence": "However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic .", "paragraph_sentence": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. <hl> However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the Mongolian People's Republic . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In response to the October Revolution, communist revolution broke out in Germany and Hungary from 1918 to 1920, involving creation of the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the failed Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919, and the creation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. These communist forces were soon crushed by anti-communist forces and attempts to create an international communist revolution failed. However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the <hl> Mongolian People's Republic <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "However, a successful communist revolution occurred in Mongolia in 1924, resulting in the creation of the <hl> Mongolian People's Republic <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6817132b22cd4dfcfc05a0"}
{"question": "What is the most life-threatening health problem that is associated with diabetes?", "paragraph": "Obesity and diabetes mellitus are often linked to cardiovascular disease, as are a history of chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolaemia.  In fact, cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening of the diabetic complications and diabetics are two- to four-fold more likely to die of cardiovascular-related causes than nondiabetics.", "answer": "cardiovascular disease", "sentence": "Obesity and diabetes mellitus are often linked to cardiovascular disease , as are a history of chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolaemia.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Obesity and diabetes mellitus are often linked to cardiovascular disease , as are a history of chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolaemia. <hl> In fact, cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening of the diabetic complications and diabetics are two- to four-fold more likely to die of cardiovascular-related causes than nondiabetics.", "paragraph_answer": "Obesity and diabetes mellitus are often linked to <hl> cardiovascular disease <hl>, as are a history of chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolaemia. In fact, cardiovascular disease is the most life-threatening of the diabetic complications and diabetics are two- to four-fold more likely to die of cardiovascular-related causes than nondiabetics.", "sentence_answer": "Obesity and diabetes mellitus are often linked to <hl> cardiovascular disease <hl> , as are a history of chronic kidney disease and hypercholesterolaemia.", "paragraph_id": "5d6610782b22cd4dfcfbd775"}
{"question": "What version of Windows do you need to use an LIP?", "paragraph": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (XP or later) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "answer": "XP or later", "sentence": "Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows ( XP or later ) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with).", "paragraph_sentence": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. <hl> Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows ( XP or later ) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). <hl> This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "paragraph_answer": "Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows. Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows (<hl> XP or later <hl>) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with). This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows (Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.1 and RT except Single Language). They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service (except Windows 8).", "sentence_answer": "Language Interface Packs (LIPs) are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows ( <hl> XP or later <hl> ) - they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language (the language which Windows originally shipped with).", "paragraph_id": "5d6711412b22cd4dfcfbed42"}
{"question": "What is the significance of 36 Browery in history?", "paragraph": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots, when the building was used as a saloon.\nAn examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\"  An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "answer": "New York City Draft Riots", "sentence": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots , when the building was used as a saloon.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the New York City Draft Riots , when the building was used as a saloon. <hl> An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "paragraph_answer": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the <hl> New York City Draft Riots <hl>, when the building was used as a saloon. An examination of the Annual Reports for the first decade of the mission, and period New York City newspapers starting in 1881, suggest that an 1880 date for the mission is more likely than 1879. To cite examples from period newspapers, The New York Tribune's article, \"The Bowery Mission, A Sketch of its Career\", dated March 14, 1898 opens with \"The Bowery Mission was started in 1880 at No.36 Bowery by a number of men who were interested in mission work.\" An even earlier article appearing in The New York Tribune on November 8, 1880, \"A Bright Spot In The Darkness\", declared \"The Bowery Evangelical Mission, at No.36 Bowery, was opened yesterday afternoon with a prayer-meeting, at which some 150 persons were present.\" The present location of the Bowery Mission at 227\u2013229 Bowery dates to 1909 when an abandoned coffin factory was converted to a mission.", "sentence_answer": "At the time the Bowery Mission was established it was located at 36 Bowery, a location that in an earlier time in New York City, played a role in the <hl> New York City Draft Riots <hl> , when the building was used as a saloon.", "paragraph_id": "5d660b782b22cd4dfcfbd6bf"}
{"question": "What weapon did General Electric invent to oppose tanks?", "paragraph": "The advent of Lend-Lease in support of Britain helped lift Connecticut from the Great Depression, with the state a major production center for weaponry and supplies used in World War II. Connecticut manufactured 4.1 percent of total U.S. military armaments produced during World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states, with major factories including Colt for firearms, Pratt & Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for fighter planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers, and Electric Boat for submarines and PT boats. In Bridgeport, General Electric would produce a significant new weapon to counter opposing tanks: the bazooka.", "answer": "the bazooka", "sentence": "In Bridgeport, General Electric would produce a significant new weapon to counter opposing tanks: the bazooka .", "paragraph_sentence": "The advent of Lend-Lease in support of Britain helped lift Connecticut from the Great Depression, with the state a major production center for weaponry and supplies used in World War II. Connecticut manufactured 4.1 percent of total U.S. military armaments produced during World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states, with major factories including Colt for firearms, Pratt & Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for fighter planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers, and Electric Boat for submarines and PT boats. <hl> In Bridgeport, General Electric would produce a significant new weapon to counter opposing tanks: the bazooka . <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The advent of Lend-Lease in support of Britain helped lift Connecticut from the Great Depression, with the state a major production center for weaponry and supplies used in World War II. Connecticut manufactured 4.1 percent of total U.S. military armaments produced during World War II, ranking ninth among the 48 states, with major factories including Colt for firearms, Pratt & Whitney for aircraft engines, Chance Vought for fighter planes, Hamilton Standard for propellers, and Electric Boat for submarines and PT boats. In Bridgeport, General Electric would produce a significant new weapon to counter opposing tanks: <hl> the bazooka <hl>.", "sentence_answer": "In Bridgeport, General Electric would produce a significant new weapon to counter opposing tanks: <hl> the bazooka <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6619832b22cd4dfcfbd8ae"}
{"question": "What did stannum come to mean in the 4th century BCE?", "paragraph": "The Latin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\". Stannum apparently came from an earlier st\u0101gnum (meaning the same substance), the origin of the Romance and Celtic terms for 'tin'. The origin of stannum/st\u0101gnum is unknown; it may be pre-Indo-European. The Meyers Konversationslexikon speculates on the contrary that stannum is derived from (the ancestor of) Cornish stean, and is proof that Cornwall in the first centuries AD was the main source of tin.", "answer": "tin", "sentence": "The La tin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\".", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The La tin name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\". <hl> Stannum apparently came from an earlier st\u0101gnum (meaning the same substance), the origin of the Romance and Celtic terms for 'tin'. The origin of stannum/st\u0101gnum is unknown; it may be pre-Indo-European. The Meyers Konversationslexikon speculates on the contrary that stannum is derived from (the ancestor of) Cornish stean, and is proof that Cornwall in the first centuries AD was the main source of tin.", "paragraph_answer": "The La<hl> tin <hl> name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\". Stannum apparently came from an earlier st\u0101gnum (meaning the same substance), the origin of the Romance and Celtic terms for 'tin'. The origin of stannum/st\u0101gnum is unknown; it may be pre-Indo-European. The Meyers Konversationslexikon speculates on the contrary that stannum is derived from (the ancestor of) Cornish stean, and is proof that Cornwall in the first centuries AD was the main source of tin.", "sentence_answer": "The La <hl> tin <hl> name stannum originally meant an alloy of silver and lead, and came to mean 'tin' in the 4th century BCE\u2014the earlier Latin word for it was plumbum candidum, or \"white lead\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66fcc92b22cd4dfcfbe92f"}
{"question": "When did the Spanish Civil War start?", "paragraph": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "answer": "1936", "sentence": "Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself.", "paragraph_sentence": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. <hl> Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in 1936 anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. <hl> During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "paragraph_answer": "To date, the best-known examples of an anarchist communist society (i.e., established around the ideas as they exist today and achieving worldwide attention and knowledge in the historical canon), are the anarchist territories during the Spanish Revolution and the Free Territory during the Russian Revolution. Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in <hl> 1936 <hl> anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself. During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend\u2014through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine\u2014anarchist communism in the Free Territory of Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921. Several libertarian socialists, notably Noam Chomsky among others, believe that anarchism shares much in common with certain variants of Marxism (see libertarian marxism) such as the council communism of Marxist Anton Pannekoek. In Chomsky's Notes on Anarchism, he suggests the possibility \"that some form of council communism is the natural form of revolutionary socialism in an industrial society. It reflects the belief that democracy is severely limited when the industrial system is controlled by any form of autocratic elite, whether of owners, managers, and technocrats, a 'vanguard' party, or a State bureaucracy.\"", "sentence_answer": "Through the efforts and influence of the Spanish Anarchists during the Spanish Revolution within the Spanish Civil War, starting in <hl> 1936 <hl> anarchist communism existed in most of Aragon, parts of the Levante and Andalusia, as well as in the stronghold of Anarchist Catalonia before being crushed by the combined forces of the regime that won the war, Hitler, Mussolini, Spanish Communist Party repression (backed by the USSR) as well as economic and armaments blockades from the capitalist countries and the Second Spanish Republic itself.", "paragraph_id": "5d65e0662b22cd4dfcfbd083"}
{"question": "What category of elements would freezing temperatures be categorized in?", "paragraph": "Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces, such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic, or high pressures from water or compressed gases. They are also often constructed in corrosive environments, such as at sea, in industrial facilities or below ground.", "answer": "extreme forces", "sentence": "Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces , such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic, or high pressures from water or compressed gases.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces , such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic, or high pressures from water or compressed gases. <hl> They are also often constructed in corrosive environments, such as at sea, in industrial facilities or below ground.", "paragraph_answer": "Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very <hl> extreme forces <hl>, such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic, or high pressures from water or compressed gases. They are also often constructed in corrosive environments, such as at sea, in industrial facilities or below ground.", "sentence_answer": "Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very <hl> extreme forces <hl> , such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic, or high pressures from water or compressed gases.", "paragraph_id": "5d672c182b22cd4dfcfbf197"}
{"question": "The strike caused production for The Sunday Times to shift to where?", "paragraph": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping, and the strikers were dismissed.  The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "answer": "Wapping", "sentence": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping , and the strikers were dismissed.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in Wapping , and the strikers were dismissed. <hl> The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "paragraph_answer": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in <hl> Wapping <hl>, and the strikers were dismissed. The plant, which allowed journalists to input copy directly, was activated with the help of the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU). The print unions posted pickets and organised demonstrations outside the new plant to try to dissuade journalists and others from working there, in what became known as the Wapping Dispute. The demonstrations sometimes turned violent. The protest ended in failure in February 1987.", "sentence_answer": "In January 1986, after the announcement of a strike by print workers, production of The Sunday Times, along with other newspapers in the group, was shifted to a new plant in <hl> Wapping <hl> , and the strikers were dismissed.", "paragraph_id": "5d671aeb2b22cd4dfcfbef65"}
{"question": "What the usual age of Cheasepeake colonists during early days?", "paragraph": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "answer": "very young", "sentence": "High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "paragraph_sentence": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. <hl> High death rates and a very young population profile characterized the colony during its first years. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "The colonial assembly shared power with a royally appointed governor. On a more local level, governmental power was invested in county courts, which were self-perpetuating (the incumbents filled any vacancies and there never were popular elections). As cash crop producers, Chesapeake plantations were heavily dependent on trade with England. With easy navigation by river, there were few towns and no cities; planters shipped directly to Britain. High death rates and a <hl> very young <hl> population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "sentence_answer": "High death rates and a <hl> very young <hl> population profile characterized the colony during its first years.", "paragraph_id": "5d662af82b22cd4dfcfbda7b"}
{"question": "What was the mortality increase primarily driven by", "paragraph": "Unemployment can have adverse health effects. One study indicated that a 1% increase in the unemployment rate can increase mortality among working-aged males by 6%.  Similar effects were not noted for women or the elderly, who had lower workforce attachment. The mortality increase was mainly driven by circulatory health issues (e.g., heart attacks).  Another study concluded that: \"Losing a job because of an establishment closure increased the odds of fair or poor health by 54%, and among respondents with no preexisting health conditions, it increased the odds of a new likely health condition by 83%. This suggests that there are true health costs to job loss, beyond sicker people being more likely to lose their jobs.\" Extended job loss can add the equivalent of ten years to a persons age.", "answer": "circulatory health issues", "sentence": "The mortality increase was mainly driven by circulatory health issues (e.g., heart attacks).", "paragraph_sentence": "Unemployment can have adverse health effects. One study indicated that a 1% increase in the unemployment rate can increase mortality among working-aged males by 6%. Similar effects were not noted for women or the elderly, who had lower workforce attachment. <hl> The mortality increase was mainly driven by circulatory health issues (e.g., heart attacks). <hl> Another study concluded that: \"Losing a job because of an establishment closure increased the odds of fair or poor health by 54%, and among respondents with no preexisting health conditions, it increased the odds of a new likely health condition by 83%. This suggests that there are true health costs to job loss, beyond sicker people being more likely to lose their jobs.\" Extended job loss can add the equivalent of ten years to a persons age.", "paragraph_answer": "Unemployment can have adverse health effects. One study indicated that a 1% increase in the unemployment rate can increase mortality among working-aged males by 6%. Similar effects were not noted for women or the elderly, who had lower workforce attachment. The mortality increase was mainly driven by <hl> circulatory health issues <hl> (e.g., heart attacks). Another study concluded that: \"Losing a job because of an establishment closure increased the odds of fair or poor health by 54%, and among respondents with no preexisting health conditions, it increased the odds of a new likely health condition by 83%. This suggests that there are true health costs to job loss, beyond sicker people being more likely to lose their jobs.\" Extended job loss can add the equivalent of ten years to a persons age.", "sentence_answer": "The mortality increase was mainly driven by <hl> circulatory health issues <hl> (e.g., heart attacks).", "paragraph_id": "5d66f3f02b22cd4dfcfbe73c"}
{"question": "How much did the those not in labor force increase between October 2009 and September 2014?", "paragraph": "A rough comparison of September 2014 (when the unemployment rate was 5.9%) versus October 2009 (when the unemployment rate peaked at 10.0%) helps illustrate the analytical challenge. The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million. However, the 2 million increase in the labor force represents the net of an 8 million increase in those employed, partially offset by a 6 million decline in those unemployed. So is the primary cause of improvement in the unemployment rate due to: a) increased employment of 8 million; or b) the increase in those not in the workforce, also 8 million? Did the 6 million fewer unemployed obtain jobs or leave the workforce?", "answer": "8 million", "sentence": "The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million .", "paragraph_sentence": "A rough comparison of September 2014 (when the unemployment rate was 5.9%) versus October 2009 (when the unemployment rate peaked at 10.0%) helps illustrate the analytical challenge. <hl> The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about 8 million . <hl> However, the 2 million increase in the labor force represents the net of an 8 million increase in those employed, partially offset by a 6 million decline in those unemployed. So is the primary cause of improvement in the unemployment rate due to: a) increased employment of 8 million; or b) the increase in those not in the workforce, also 8 million? Did the 6 million fewer unemployed obtain jobs or leave the workforce?", "paragraph_answer": "A rough comparison of September 2014 (when the unemployment rate was 5.9%) versus October 2009 (when the unemployment rate peaked at 10.0%) helps illustrate the analytical challenge. The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about <hl> 8 million <hl>. However, the 2 million increase in the labor force represents the net of an 8 million increase in those employed, partially offset by a 6 million decline in those unemployed. So is the primary cause of improvement in the unemployment rate due to: a) increased employment of 8 million; or b) the increase in those not in the workforce, also 8 million? Did the 6 million fewer unemployed obtain jobs or leave the workforce?", "sentence_answer": "The civilian population increased by roughly 10 million during that time, with the labor force increasing by about 2 million and those not in the labor force increasing by about <hl> 8 million <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674bb32b22cd4dfcfbf564"}
{"question": "Who falsely authenticated the Hitler Diaries as genuine?", "paragraph": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "answer": "Hugh Trevor-Roper", "sentence": "In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper , the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "paragraph_sentence": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. <hl> In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, Hugh Trevor-Roper , the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Evans was appointed editor of The Times in February 1981 and was replaced at The Sunday Times by Frank Giles. In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, <hl> Hugh Trevor-Roper <hl>, the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "sentence_answer": "In 1983, the newspaper bought the serialisation rights to publish the faked Hitler Diaries, thinking them to be genuine after they were authenticated the own newspaper's own independent director, <hl> Hugh Trevor-Roper <hl> , the historian and author of The Last Days of Hitler.", "paragraph_id": "5d6718042b22cd4dfcfbef19"}
{"question": "What component of a hockey stick has a large impact on performance?", "paragraph": "The ice hockey stick consists of a long, relatively wide, and slightly curved flat blade, attached to a shaft. The curve itself has a big impact on its performance. A deep curve allows for lifting the puck easier while a shallow curve allows for easier backhand shots. The flex of the stick also impacts the performance. Typically, a less flexible stick is meant for a stronger player since the player is looking for the right balanced flex that allows the stick to flex easily while still having a strong \"whip-back\" which sends the puck flying at high speeds. It is quite distinct from sticks in other sports games and most suited to hitting and controlling the flat puck. Its unique shape contributed to the early development of the game.", "answer": "The curve", "sentence": "The curve itself has a big impact on its performance.", "paragraph_sentence": "The ice hockey stick consists of a long, relatively wide, and slightly curved flat blade, attached to a shaft. <hl> The curve itself has a big impact on its performance. <hl> A deep curve allows for lifting the puck easier while a shallow curve allows for easier backhand shots. The flex of the stick also impacts the performance. Typically, a less flexible stick is meant for a stronger player since the player is looking for the right balanced flex that allows the stick to flex easily while still having a strong \"whip-back\" which sends the puck flying at high speeds. It is quite distinct from sticks in other sports games and most suited to hitting and controlling the flat puck. Its unique shape contributed to the early development of the game.", "paragraph_answer": "The ice hockey stick consists of a long, relatively wide, and slightly curved flat blade, attached to a shaft. <hl> The curve <hl> itself has a big impact on its performance. A deep curve allows for lifting the puck easier while a shallow curve allows for easier backhand shots. The flex of the stick also impacts the performance. Typically, a less flexible stick is meant for a stronger player since the player is looking for the right balanced flex that allows the stick to flex easily while still having a strong \"whip-back\" which sends the puck flying at high speeds. It is quite distinct from sticks in other sports games and most suited to hitting and controlling the flat puck. Its unique shape contributed to the early development of the game.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> The curve <hl> itself has a big impact on its performance.", "paragraph_id": "5d65c8d22b22cd4dfcfbcd4a"}
{"question": "Which two boroughs did not join the Greater City of New York?", "paragraph": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "answer": "Manhattan and the Bronx", "sentence": "In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx , though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs.", "paragraph_sentence": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. <hl> In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", Manhattan and the Bronx , though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. <hl> On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1883, the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge established a road connection to Brooklyn, across the East River. In 1874, the western portion of the present Bronx County was transferred to New York County from Westchester County, and in 1895 the remainder of the present Bronx County was annexed. In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", <hl> Manhattan and the Bronx <hl>, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs. On January 1, 1914, the New York state legislature created Bronx County, and New York County was reduced to its present boundaries.", "sentence_answer": "In 1898, when New York City consolidated with three neighboring counties to form \"the City of Greater New York\", <hl> Manhattan and the Bronx <hl> , though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs.", "paragraph_id": "5d67ddfb2b22cd4dfcfc0341"}
{"question": "Who does the old view suggest should not become nurses?", "paragraph": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\"  She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "answer": "women, not men, should become nurses,", "sentence": " She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "paragraph_sentence": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" <hl> She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that women, not men, should become nurses, and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\". <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In what was her first opinion written for the Supreme Court, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, \"In limited circumstances, a gender-based classification favoring one sex can be justified if it intentionally and directly assists members of the sex that is disproportionately burdened.\" She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that <hl> women, not men, should become nurses, <hl> and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "sentence_answer": " She went on to point out that there are a disproportionate number of women who are nurses, and that denying admission to men \"lends credibility to the old view that <hl> women, not men, should become nurses, <hl> and makes the assumption that nursing is a field for women a self-fulfilling prophecy\".", "paragraph_id": "5d66ec0d2b22cd4dfcfbe555"}
{"question": "Which gender represented the most number of homeless people in 2008 report?", "paragraph": "According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's 2008 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, the most common demographic features of all sheltered homeless people are: male, members of minority groups, older than age 31, and alone. More than 40 percent of sheltered homeless people have a disability. At the same time, sizable segments of the sheltered homeless population are white, non-Hispanic (38 percent), children (20 percent), or part of multi-person households (33 percent). Approximately 68 percent of the 1.6 million sheltered homeless people were homeless as individuals and 32 percent were persons in families.", "answer": "male", "sentence": "According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's 2008 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, the most common demographic features of all sheltered homeless people are: male , members of minority groups, older than age 31, and alone.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's 2008 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, the most common demographic features of all sheltered homeless people are: male , members of minority groups, older than age 31, and alone. <hl> More than 40 percent of sheltered homeless people have a disability. At the same time, sizable segments of the sheltered homeless population are white, non-Hispanic (38 percent), children (20 percent), or part of multi-person households (33 percent). Approximately 68 percent of the 1.6 million sheltered homeless people were homeless as individuals and 32 percent were persons in families.", "paragraph_answer": "According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's 2008 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, the most common demographic features of all sheltered homeless people are: <hl> male <hl>, members of minority groups, older than age 31, and alone. More than 40 percent of sheltered homeless people have a disability. At the same time, sizable segments of the sheltered homeless population are white, non-Hispanic (38 percent), children (20 percent), or part of multi-person households (33 percent). Approximately 68 percent of the 1.6 million sheltered homeless people were homeless as individuals and 32 percent were persons in families.", "sentence_answer": "According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's 2008 Annual Homeless Assessment Report, the most common demographic features of all sheltered homeless people are: <hl> male <hl> , members of minority groups, older than age 31, and alone.", "paragraph_id": "5d6620e72b22cd4dfcfbd9a8"}
{"question": "In what years was the American war effort supported by the state?", "paragraph": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "answer": "1917 and 1918", "sentence": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918 , with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in 1917 and 1918 , with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. <hl> Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "paragraph_answer": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in <hl> 1917 and 1918 <hl>, with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms. Thousands of state, local, and volunteer groups mobilized for the war effort, and were coordinated by the Connecticut State Council of Defense. Manufacturers wrestled with manpower shortages; with American Brass and Manufacturing running at half capacity, the federal government agreed to furlough soldiers to join the Waterbury company.", "sentence_answer": "The state enthusiastically supported the American war effort in <hl> 1917 and 1918 <hl> , with large purchases of war bonds and a further expansion of war industry, and emphasis on increasing food production in the farms.", "paragraph_id": "5d662a912b22cd4dfcfbda70"}
{"question": "What kind of platform was the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation?", "paragraph": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare. The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. During the course of the war, the influence of the Communist Party of Slovenia started to grow, until its supremacy was officially sanctioned in the Dolomiti Declaration of 1 March 1943. Some of the members of Liberation Front and partisans were ex-members of the TIGR resistance movement.", "answer": "an Anti-Fascist resistance platform", "sentence": "The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists.", "paragraph_sentence": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare. <hl> The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, an Anti-Fascist resistance platform established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. <hl> During the course of the war, the influence of the Communist Party of Slovenia started to grow, until its supremacy was officially sanctioned in the Dolomiti Declaration of 1 March 1943. Some of the members of Liberation Front and partisans were ex-members of the TIGR resistance movement.", "paragraph_answer": "At the very beginning the Partisan forces were small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure, but Spanish Civil War veterans amongst them had some experience with guerrilla warfare. The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, <hl> an Anti-Fascist resistance platform <hl> established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists. During the course of the war, the influence of the Communist Party of Slovenia started to grow, until its supremacy was officially sanctioned in the Dolomiti Declaration of 1 March 1943. Some of the members of Liberation Front and partisans were ex-members of the TIGR resistance movement.", "sentence_answer": "The Partisan movement in Slovenia functioned as the military arm of the Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation, <hl> an Anti-Fascist resistance platform <hl> established in the Province of Ljubljana on 26 April 1941, which originally consisted of multiple groups of left wing orientation, most notable being Communist Party and Christian Socialists.", "paragraph_id": "5d6794e32b22cd4dfcfbfe8c"}
{"question": "What can be concluded about the rules of classification of languages?", "paragraph": "According to Roman Mythology, Latin was established by a tribal people called the Latini some time before the Trojan War.[citation needed] A number of historical phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, morphology, and syntax. There are no hard and fast rules of classification; different scholars emphasize different features. As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "answer": "There are no hard and fast rules of classification", "sentence": "There are no hard and fast rules of classification ; different scholars emphasize different features.", "paragraph_sentence": "According to Roman Mythology, Latin was established by a tribal people called the Latini some time before the Trojan War.[citation needed] A number of historical phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, morphology, and syntax. <hl> There are no hard and fast rules of classification ; different scholars emphasize different features. <hl> As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "paragraph_answer": "According to Roman Mythology, Latin was established by a tribal people called the Latini some time before the Trojan War.[citation needed] A number of historical phases of the language have been recognized, each distinguished by subtle differences in vocabulary, usage, spelling, morphology, and syntax. <hl> There are no hard and fast rules of classification <hl>; different scholars emphasize different features. As a result, the list has variants, as well as alternative names. In addition to the historical phases, Ecclesiastical Latin refers to the styles used by the writers of the Roman Catholic Church, as well as by Protestant scholars, from Late Antiquity onward.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> There are no hard and fast rules of classification <hl> ; different scholars emphasize different features.", "paragraph_id": "5d6641382b22cd4dfcfbdb91"}
{"question": "what does the monastic brotherhood consist of", "paragraph": "The Monastic Brotherhood consists of the celibate clergy of the monastery who are led by an abbot. As of 2010, there were three brotherhoods in the Armenian Church \u2013 the brotherhood of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, the brotherhood of St. James at the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem and the brotherhood of the See of Cilicia. Each Armenian celibate priest becomes a member of the brotherhood in which he has studied and ordained in or under the jurisdiction of which he has served. The brotherhood makes decisions concerning the inner affairs of the monastery. Each brotherhood elects two delegates who take part in the National Ecclesiastical Assembly.", "answer": "the celibate clergy of the monastery who are led by an abbot", "sentence": "The Monastic Brotherhood consists of the celibate clergy of the monastery who are led by an abbot .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Monastic Brotherhood consists of the celibate clergy of the monastery who are led by an abbot . <hl> As of 2010, there were three brotherhoods in the Armenian Church \u2013 the brotherhood of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, the brotherhood of St. James at the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem and the brotherhood of the See of Cilicia. Each Armenian celibate priest becomes a member of the brotherhood in which he has studied and ordained in or under the jurisdiction of which he has served. The brotherhood makes decisions concerning the inner affairs of the monastery. Each brotherhood elects two delegates who take part in the National Ecclesiastical Assembly.", "paragraph_answer": "The Monastic Brotherhood consists of <hl> the celibate clergy of the monastery who are led by an abbot <hl>. As of 2010, there were three brotherhoods in the Armenian Church \u2013 the brotherhood of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, the brotherhood of St. James at the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem and the brotherhood of the See of Cilicia. Each Armenian celibate priest becomes a member of the brotherhood in which he has studied and ordained in or under the jurisdiction of which he has served. The brotherhood makes decisions concerning the inner affairs of the monastery. Each brotherhood elects two delegates who take part in the National Ecclesiastical Assembly.", "sentence_answer": "The Monastic Brotherhood consists of <hl> the celibate clergy of the monastery who are led by an abbot <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d6571572b22cd4dfcfbc8e6"}
{"question": "In the function f(x) = 1/x, what is f?", "paragraph": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations.  For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line.  The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "answer": "a partial function", "sentence": "Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line.", "paragraph_sentence": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations. For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. <hl> Hence f is only a partial function from the real line to the real line. <hl> The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "paragraph_answer": "In some parts of mathematics, including recursion theory and functional analysis, it is convenient to study partial functions in which some values of the domain have no association in the graph; i.e., single-valued relations. For example, the function f such that f(x) = 1/x does not define a value for x = 0, since division by zero is not defined. Hence f is only <hl> a partial function <hl> from the real line to the real line. The term total function can be used to stress the fact that every element of the domain does appear as the first element of an ordered pair in the graph.", "sentence_answer": "Hence f is only <hl> a partial function <hl> from the real line to the real line.", "paragraph_id": "5d66c5a42b22cd4dfcfbe4a3"}
{"question": "In the US, what was \"ice polo\" played with?", "paragraph": "In the United States, \"ice polo\", played with a ball rather than a puck, was popular during this period; however, by 1893 Yale University and Johns Hopkins University held their first ice hockey matches.  American financier Malcolm Greene Chace is credited with being the father of hockey in the United States. In 1892, as an amateur tennis player, Chace visited Niagara Falls, New York for a tennis match, where he met some Canadian hockey players. Soon afterwards, Chace put together a team of men from Yale, Brown, and Harvard, and toured across Canada as captain of this team. The first collegiate hockey match in the United States was played between Yale University and Johns Hopkins in Baltimore. Yale, led by captain Chace, beat Hopkins 2-1. In 1896, the first ice hockey league in the U.S. was formed. The U.S. Amateur Hockey League was founded in New York City, shortly after the opening of the artificial-ice St. Nicholas Rink.", "answer": "ball", "sentence": "In the United States, \"ice polo\", played with a ball rather than a puck, was popular during this period; however, by 1893 Yale University and Johns Hopkins University held their first ice hockey matches.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the United States, \"ice polo\", played with a ball rather than a puck, was popular during this period; however, by 1893 Yale University and Johns Hopkins University held their first ice hockey matches. <hl> American financier Malcolm Greene Chace is credited with being the father of hockey in the United States. In 1892, as an amateur tennis player, Chace visited Niagara Falls, New York for a tennis match, where he met some Canadian hockey players. Soon afterwards, Chace put together a team of men from Yale, Brown, and Harvard, and toured across Canada as captain of this team. The first collegiate hockey match in the United States was played between Yale University and Johns Hopkins in Baltimore. Yale, led by captain Chace, beat Hopkins 2-1. In 1896, the first ice hockey league in the U.S. was formed. The U.S. Amateur Hockey League was founded in New York City, shortly after the opening of the artificial-ice St. Nicholas Rink.", "paragraph_answer": "In the United States, \"ice polo\", played with a <hl> ball <hl> rather than a puck, was popular during this period; however, by 1893 Yale University and Johns Hopkins University held their first ice hockey matches. American financier Malcolm Greene Chace is credited with being the father of hockey in the United States. In 1892, as an amateur tennis player, Chace visited Niagara Falls, New York for a tennis match, where he met some Canadian hockey players. Soon afterwards, Chace put together a team of men from Yale, Brown, and Harvard, and toured across Canada as captain of this team. The first collegiate hockey match in the United States was played between Yale University and Johns Hopkins in Baltimore. Yale, led by captain Chace, beat Hopkins 2-1. In 1896, the first ice hockey league in the U.S. was formed. The U.S. Amateur Hockey League was founded in New York City, shortly after the opening of the artificial-ice St. Nicholas Rink.", "sentence_answer": "In the United States, \"ice polo\", played with a <hl> ball <hl> rather than a puck, was popular during this period; however, by 1893 Yale University and Johns Hopkins University held their first ice hockey matches.", "paragraph_id": "5d6664e92b22cd4dfcfbdda4"}
{"question": "What is the state that Mount Humphreys is close to?", "paragraph": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California. Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "answer": "California", "sentence": "The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California .", "paragraph_sentence": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). <hl> The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, California . <hl> Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "paragraph_answer": "The height of the mountains in the Sierra Nevada increases gradually from north to south. Between Fredonyer Pass and Lake Tahoe, the peaks range from 5,000 feet (1,500 m) to more than 9,000 feet (2,700 m). The crest near Lake Tahoe is roughly 9,000 feet (2,700 m) high, with several peaks approaching the height of Freel Peak (10,881 ft or 3,317 m). Further south, the highest peak in Yosemite National Park is Mount Lyell (13,120 ft or 3,999 m). The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, <hl> California <hl>. Finally, near Lone Pine, Mount Whitney is at 14,505 feet (4,421 m), the highest point in the contiguous United States.", "sentence_answer": "The Sierra rise to almost 14,000 feet (4,300 m) with Mount Humphreys near Bishop, <hl> California <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66effc2b22cd4dfcfbe62e"}
{"question": "What does game semantics agree with?", "paragraph": "An interpretation of a first-order language assigns a denotation to all non-logical constants in that language. It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers. The result is that each term is assigned an object that it represents, and each sentence is assigned a truth value. In this way, an interpretation provides semantic meaning to the terms and formulas of the language. The study of the interpretations of formal languages is called formal semantics. What follows is a description of the standard or Tarskian semantics for first-order logic. (It is also possible to define game semantics for first-order logic, but aside from requiring the axiom of choice, game semantics agree with Tarskian semantics for first-order logic, so game semantics will not be elaborated herein.)", "answer": "Tarskian semantics", "sentence": "What follows is a description of the standard or Tarskian semantics for first-order logic.", "paragraph_sentence": "An interpretation of a first-order language assigns a denotation to all non-logical constants in that language. It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers. The result is that each term is assigned an object that it represents, and each sentence is assigned a truth value. In this way, an interpretation provides semantic meaning to the terms and formulas of the language. The study of the interpretations of formal languages is called formal semantics. <hl> What follows is a description of the standard or Tarskian semantics for first-order logic. <hl> (It is also possible to define game semantics for first-order logic, but aside from requiring the axiom of choice, game semantics agree with Tarskian semantics for first-order logic, so game semantics will not be elaborated herein.)", "paragraph_answer": "An interpretation of a first-order language assigns a denotation to all non-logical constants in that language. It also determines a domain of discourse that specifies the range of the quantifiers. The result is that each term is assigned an object that it represents, and each sentence is assigned a truth value. In this way, an interpretation provides semantic meaning to the terms and formulas of the language. The study of the interpretations of formal languages is called formal semantics. What follows is a description of the standard or <hl> Tarskian semantics <hl> for first-order logic. (It is also possible to define game semantics for first-order logic, but aside from requiring the axiom of choice, game semantics agree with Tarskian semantics for first-order logic, so game semantics will not be elaborated herein.)", "sentence_answer": "What follows is a description of the standard or <hl> Tarskian semantics <hl> for first-order logic.", "paragraph_id": "5d663f2f2b22cd4dfcfbdb81"}
{"question": "What did Partisans stage?", "paragraph": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "answer": "a guerrilla campaign", "sentence": "The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> The Partisans staged a guerrilla campaign which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. <hl> These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "paragraph_answer": "The Partisans staged <hl> a guerrilla campaign <hl> which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory. These were managed via the \"People's committees\", organized to act as civilian governments in areas of the country controlled by the communists, even limited arms industries were set up. At the very beginning, Partisan forces were relatively small, poorly armed and without any infrastructure. They had two major advantages over other military and paramilitary formations in former Yugoslavia:", "sentence_answer": "The Partisans staged <hl> a guerrilla campaign <hl> which enjoyed gradually increased levels of success and support of the general populace, and succeeded in controlling large chunks of Yugoslav territory.", "paragraph_id": "5d6707f42b22cd4dfcfbeb54"}
{"question": "What climates are found in Istanbul?", "paragraph": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "answer": "Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb)", "sentence": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb) , due to its location in a transitional climatic zone.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb) , due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. <hl> Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "paragraph_answer": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline <hl> Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb) <hl>, due to its location in a transitional climatic zone. Since precipitation in summer months, ranges from 20 to 65 mm (1 to 3 in), depending on location, the city cannot be classified as solely Mediterranean or humid subtropical. Due to its size, diverse topography, maritime location and most importantly having a coastline to two different bodies of water to the north and south, Istanbul exhibits microclimates. The northern half of the city, as well as the Bosporus coastline, express characteristics of oceanic and humid subtropical climates, because of humidity from the Black Sea and the relatively high concentration of vegetation. The climate in the populated areas of the city to the south, located on the Sea of Marmara, is warmer, drier and less affected by humidity. The annual precipitation in the northern half can be twice as much (Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y, 1166.6 mm), than it is in the southern, Marmara coast (Florya 635.0 mm). There is a significant difference between annual mean temperatures on the north and south coasts as well, Bah\u00e7ek\u00f6y 12.8 \u00b0C (55.0 \u00b0F), Kartal 15.03 \u00b0C (59.05 \u00b0F). Parts of the province, that are away from both seas exhibit considerable continental influences, with much more pronounced night-day and summer-winter temperature differences. In winter some parts of the province average freezing or below at night.", "sentence_answer": "In the K\u00f6ppen\u2013Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline <hl> Mediterranean climate (Csa), humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and oceanic climate (Cfb) <hl> , due to its location in a transitional climatic zone.", "paragraph_id": "5d67572e2b22cd4dfcfbf791"}
{"question": "How many vehicles per day use the Lincoln Tunnel?", "paragraph": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "answer": "120,000 vehicles", "sentence": "The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world.", "paragraph_sentence": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. <hl> The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. <hl> The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "paragraph_answer": "Several tunnels also link Manhattan Island to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries <hl> 120,000 vehicles <hl> a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sail through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940; President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Brooklyn\u2013Battery Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.", "sentence_answer": "The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries <hl> 120,000 vehicles <hl> a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world.", "paragraph_id": "5d66f23a2b22cd4dfcfbe6ce"}
{"question": "Where is the last name commonly placed in Korea", "paragraph": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.", "answer": "placed before a person's given name.", "sentence": "In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.", "paragraph_sentence": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. <hl> In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is <hl> placed before a person's given name. <hl>", "sentence_answer": "In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is <hl> placed before a person's given name. <hl>", "paragraph_id": "5d67edaf2b22cd4dfcfc0410"}
{"question": "Where does the puck get placed for a penalty shot?", "paragraph": "A \"penalty shot\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\". A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play.", "answer": "centre red-line", "sentence": "A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity.", "paragraph_sentence": "A \"penalty shot\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\". <hl> A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the centre red-line and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. <hl> A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play.", "paragraph_answer": "A \"penalty shot\" is awarded to a player when the illegal actions of another player stop a clear scoring opportunity, most commonly when the player is on a \"breakaway\". A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the <hl> centre red-line <hl> and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity. A penalty shot is also awarded for a defender other than the goaltender covering the puck in the goal crease, a goaltender intentionally displacing his own goal posts during a breakaway to avoid a goal, a defender intentionally displacing his own goal posts when there is less than two minutes to play in regulation time or at any point during overtime, or a player or coach intentionally throwing a stick or other object at the puck or the puck carrier and the throwing action disrupts a shot or pass play.", "sentence_answer": "A penalty shot allows the obstructed player to pick up the puck on the <hl> centre red-line <hl> and attempt to score on the goalie with no other players on the ice, to compensate for the earlier missed scoring opportunity.", "paragraph_id": "5d6639982b22cd4dfcfbdb22"}
{"question": "Who was the conference director that refused to recognize the women or let the women speak at the conference?", "paragraph": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth  and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "answer": "Willam F. Pepper", "sentence": "When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why.", "paragraph_sentence": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. <hl> When the National Conference for New Politics Director Willam F. Pepper refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. <hl> But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "paragraph_answer": "In June 1967 Jo Freeman attended a \"free school'\" course on women at the University of Chicago led by Heather Booth and Naomi Weisstein. She invited them to organize a woman's workshop at the then-forthcoming National Conference of New Politics (NCNP), to be held over Labor Day weekend 1967 in Chicago. At that conference a woman's caucus was formed, and it (led by Freeman and Shulamith Firestone) tried to present its own demands to the plenary session. However, the women were told their resolution was not important enough for a floor discussion, and when through threatening to tie up the convention with procedural motions they succeeded in having their statement tacked to the end of the agenda, it was never discussed. When the National Conference for New Politics Director <hl> Willam F. Pepper <hl> refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why. But Willam F. Pepper patted Firestone on the head and said, \"Move on little girl; we have more important issues to talk about here than women's liberation\", or possibly, \"Cool down, little girl. We have more important things to talk about than women's problems.\" Freeman and Firestone called a meeting of the women who had been at the \"free school\" course and the women's workshop at the conference; this became the first Chicago women's liberation group. It was known as the Westside group because it met weekly in Freeman's apartment on Chicago's west side. After a few months Freeman started a newsletter which she called Voice of the women's liberation movement. It circulated all over the country (and in a few foreign countries), giving the new movement of women's liberation its name. Many of the women in the Westside group went on to start other feminist organizations, including the Chicago Women's Liberation Union.", "sentence_answer": "When the National Conference for New Politics Director <hl> Willam F. Pepper <hl> refused to recognize any of the women waiting to speak and instead called on someone to speak about the American Indian, five women, including Firestone, rushed the podium to demand to know why.", "paragraph_id": "5d677cbb2b22cd4dfcfbfd4d"}
{"question": "What kind of weeds are used to create artificial islands in the Loktak Lake?", "paragraph": "48 km (30 mi) from Imphal, lies the largest fresh water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake, a miniature inland sea. There is a Tourist Bungalow atop Sendra Island. Life on the lake includes small islands that are floating weed on which live the Lake people, the blue waters of the lake, and colourful water plants. There is a Sendra Tourist Home with an attached cafeteria in the middle of the lake. Floating islands are made out of the tangle of watery weeds and other plants. The wetland is swampy and is favourable for a number of species. It is in the district of Bishnupur. The etymology of Loktak is \"lok = stream / tak = the end\" (End of the Streams). Sendra park and resort is opening on the top of Sendra hills and attracting the tourist.", "answer": "watery weeds", "sentence": "Floating islands are made out of the tangle of watery weeds and other plants.", "paragraph_sentence": "48 km (30 mi) from Imphal, lies the largest fresh water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake, a miniature inland sea. There is a Tourist Bungalow atop Sendra Island. Life on the lake includes small islands that are floating weed on which live the Lake people, the blue waters of the lake, and colourful water plants. There is a Sendra Tourist Home with an attached cafeteria in the middle of the lake. <hl> Floating islands are made out of the tangle of watery weeds and other plants. <hl> The wetland is swampy and is favourable for a number of species. It is in the district of Bishnupur. The etymology of Loktak is \"lok = stream / tak = the end\" (End of the Streams). Sendra park and resort is opening on the top of Sendra hills and attracting the tourist.", "paragraph_answer": "48 km (30 mi) from Imphal, lies the largest fresh water lake in the North East India, the Loktak Lake, a miniature inland sea. There is a Tourist Bungalow atop Sendra Island. Life on the lake includes small islands that are floating weed on which live the Lake people, the blue waters of the lake, and colourful water plants. There is a Sendra Tourist Home with an attached cafeteria in the middle of the lake. Floating islands are made out of the tangle of <hl> watery weeds <hl> and other plants. The wetland is swampy and is favourable for a number of species. It is in the district of Bishnupur. The etymology of Loktak is \"lok = stream / tak = the end\" (End of the Streams). Sendra park and resort is opening on the top of Sendra hills and attracting the tourist.", "sentence_answer": "Floating islands are made out of the tangle of <hl> watery weeds <hl> and other plants.", "paragraph_id": "5d6766cd2b22cd4dfcfbfa02"}
{"question": "Define Decentralisation", "paragraph": "Decentralization or  decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority. While centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization. The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "answer": "decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority", "sentence": "Decentralization or  decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Decentralization or decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority . <hl> While centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization. The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "paragraph_answer": "Decentralization or <hl> decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority <hl>. While centralization, especially in the governmental sphere, is widely studied and practiced, there is no common definition or understanding of decentralization. The meaning of decentralization may vary in part because of the different ways it is applied. Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, economics and technology.", "sentence_answer": "Decentralization or <hl> decentralisation is the process of redistributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d66600c2b22cd4dfcfbdcfa"}
{"question": "What is another term for \"is oriented\"?", "paragraph": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"points\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "answer": "points", "sentence": "An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \" points \") from the negative half towards the positive half.", "paragraph_sentence": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. <hl> An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \" points \") from the negative half towards the positive half. <hl> Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "paragraph_answer": "Choosing a Cartesian coordinate system for a one-dimensional space\u2014that is, for a straight line\u2014involves choosing a point O of the line (the origin), a unit of length, and an orientation for the line. An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \"<hl> points <hl>\") from the negative half towards the positive half. Then each point P of the line can be specified by its distance from O, taken with a + or \u2212 sign depending on which half-line contains P.", "sentence_answer": "An orientation chooses which of the two half-lines determined by O is the positive, and which is negative; we then say that the line \"is oriented\" (or \" <hl> points <hl> \") from the negative half towards the positive half.", "paragraph_id": "5d6713bf2b22cd4dfcfbee3a"}
{"question": "How many Truman scholarships has Pitt won since 1995?", "paragraph": "Pitt students and faculty have regularly won national and international scholarships and fellowship awards, including four Rhodes Scholarships since 2006. In 2007, in addition to the three national military academies, Pitt was one of only nine universities, and the only public university, to claim both Rhodes and Marshall Scholars. Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships.", "answer": "five", "sentence": "Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships.", "paragraph_sentence": "Pitt students and faculty have regularly won national and international scholarships and fellowship awards, including four Rhodes Scholarships since 2006. In 2007, in addition to the three national military academies, Pitt was one of only nine universities, and the only public university, to claim both Rhodes and Marshall Scholars. <hl> Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, five Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships. <hl>", "paragraph_answer": "Pitt students and faculty have regularly won national and international scholarships and fellowship awards, including four Rhodes Scholarships since 2006. In 2007, in addition to the three national military academies, Pitt was one of only nine universities, and the only public university, to claim both Rhodes and Marshall Scholars. Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, <hl> five <hl> Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships.", "sentence_answer": "Since 1995, Pitt undergraduates have also won six Marshall Scholarships, <hl> five <hl> Truman Scholarships, seven Udall Scholarships, a Churchill Scholarship, a Gates Cambridge Scholarship, 43 Goldwater Scholarships, 23 Boren Scholarships, and three Mellon Humanities Fellowships.", "paragraph_id": "5d67c34b2b22cd4dfcfc0186"}
{"question": "At what university was a meeting told about white college men working with poor white men?", "paragraph": "In 1968, an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.' He pointed out that such activities did much to enhance the political consciousness of poor white youth. A woman in the audience asked, 'And what did it do for the consciousness of the chick?'\" (Hole, Judith, and Ellen Levine, Rebirth of Feminism, 1971, pg. 120). After the meeting, a handful of women formed Seattle's first women's liberation group.", "answer": "the University of Washington", "sentence": "In 1968, an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.'", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1968, an SDS organizer at the University of Washington told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.' <hl> He pointed out that such activities did much to enhance the political consciousness of poor white youth. A woman in the audience asked, 'And what did it do for the consciousness of the chick?'\" (Hole, Judith, and Ellen Levine, Rebirth of Feminism, 1971, pg. 120). After the meeting, a handful of women formed Seattle's first women's liberation group.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1968, an SDS organizer at <hl> the University of Washington <hl> told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.' He pointed out that such activities did much to enhance the political consciousness of poor white youth. A woman in the audience asked, 'And what did it do for the consciousness of the chick?'\" (Hole, Judith, and Ellen Levine, Rebirth of Feminism, 1971, pg. 120). After the meeting, a handful of women formed Seattle's first women's liberation group.", "sentence_answer": "In 1968, an SDS organizer at <hl> the University of Washington <hl> told a meeting about white college men working with poor white men, and \"[h]e noted that sometimes after analyzing societal ills, the men shared leisure time by 'balling a chick together.'", "paragraph_id": "5d677e092b22cd4dfcfbfd5d"}
{"question": "When was Boswell's founded?", "paragraph": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "answer": "1738", "sentence": "Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738 .", "paragraph_sentence": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. <hl> Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in 1738 . <hl> St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "paragraph_answer": "The city centre is relatively small, and is centred on Carfax, a cross-roads which forms the junction of Cornmarket Street (pedestrianised), Queen Street (semi-pedestrianised), St Aldate's and the High. Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in <hl> 1738 <hl>. St Aldate's has few shops but has several local government buildings, including the town hall, the city police station and local council offices. The High (the word street is traditionally omitted) is the longest of the four streets and has a number of independent and high-end chain stores, but mostly university and college buildings.", "sentence_answer": "Cornmarket Street and Queen Street are home to Oxford's various chain stores, as well as a small number of independent retailers, one of the longest established of which is Boswell's, which was founded in <hl> 1738 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d674f2a2b22cd4dfcfbf625"}
{"question": "What newspaper group was established in 1943?", "paragraph": "In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper. At this time, Kemsley was the largest newspaper group in Britain.", "answer": "Kemsley Newspapers Group", "sentence": "In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> In 1943, the Kemsley Newspapers Group was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper. <hl> At this time, Kemsley was the largest newspaper group in Britain.", "paragraph_answer": "In 1943, the <hl> Kemsley Newspapers Group <hl> was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper. At this time, Kemsley was the largest newspaper group in Britain.", "sentence_answer": "In 1943, the <hl> Kemsley Newspapers Group <hl> was established, with The Sunday Times becoming its flagship paper.", "paragraph_id": "5d675a5f2b22cd4dfcfbf810"}
{"question": "What are organotin compound stable to?", "paragraph": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. They adopt tetrahedral geometry. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "answer": "air and water", "sentence": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water .", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water . <hl> They adopt tetrahedral geometry. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "paragraph_answer": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to <hl> air and water <hl>. They adopt tetrahedral geometry. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can be prepared using Grignard reagents:", "sentence_answer": "Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to <hl> air and water <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d676c892b22cd4dfcfbfafb"}
{"question": "How many categories of satellite sensors used for precipitation are there?", "paragraph": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories. Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops. Due to the typical structure of the atmosphere, cloud-top temperatures are approximately inversely related to cloud-top heights, meaning colder clouds almost always occur at higher altitudes. Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. Various mathematical schemes, or algorithms, use these and other properties to estimate precipitation from the IR data.", "answer": "two", "sentence": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into two categories. <hl> Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops. Due to the typical structure of the atmosphere, cloud-top temperatures are approximately inversely related to cloud-top heights, meaning colder clouds almost always occur at higher altitudes. Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. Various mathematical schemes, or algorithms, use these and other properties to estimate precipitation from the IR data.", "paragraph_answer": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into <hl> two <hl> categories. Thermal infrared (IR) sensors record a channel around 11 micron wavelength and primarily give information about cloud tops. Due to the typical structure of the atmosphere, cloud-top temperatures are approximately inversely related to cloud-top heights, meaning colder clouds almost always occur at higher altitudes. Further, cloud tops with a lot of small-scale variation are likely to be more vigorous than smooth-topped clouds. Various mathematical schemes, or algorithms, use these and other properties to estimate precipitation from the IR data.", "sentence_answer": "Satellite sensors now in practical use for precipitation fall into <hl> two <hl> categories.", "paragraph_id": "5d6754982b22cd4dfcfbf732"}
{"question": "What is tin?", "paragraph": "Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals. Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 \u00b0C (450 \u00b0F), which is further reduced to 177.3 \u00b0C (351.1 \u00b0F) for 11 nm particles.", "answer": "Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal.", "sentence": "Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals. <hl> Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 \u00b0C (450 \u00b0F), which is further reduced to 177.3 \u00b0C (351.1 \u00b0F) for 11 nm particles.", "paragraph_answer": "<hl> Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. <hl> When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals. Tin melts at a low temperature of about 232 \u00b0C (450 \u00b0F), which is further reduced to 177.3 \u00b0C (351.1 \u00b0F) for 11 nm particles.", "sentence_answer": "<hl> Tin is a malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. <hl> When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard due to the twinning of the crystals.", "paragraph_id": "5d66ec2b2b22cd4dfcfbe566"}
{"question": "what can be concluded from the substitution rule ?", "paragraph": "For example, one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution. If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6. The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process. (If some free variable of t becomes bound, then to substitute t for x it is first necessary to change the bound variables of \u03c6 to differ from the free variables of t.)", "answer": "one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound", "sentence": "The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process.", "paragraph_sentence": "For example, one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution. If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6. <hl> The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound during the substitution process. <hl> (If some free variable of t becomes bound, then to substitute t for x it is first necessary to change the bound variables of \u03c6 to differ from the free variables of t.)", "paragraph_answer": "For example, one common rule of inference is the rule of substitution. If t is a term and \u03c6 is a formula possibly containing the variable x, then \u03c6[t/x] (often denoted \u03c6[x/t]) is the result of replacing all free instances of x by t in \u03c6. The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, <hl> one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound <hl> during the substitution process. (If some free variable of t becomes bound, then to substitute t for x it is first necessary to change the bound variables of \u03c6 to differ from the free variables of t.)", "sentence_answer": "The substitution rule states that for any \u03c6 and any term t, <hl> one can conclude \u03c6[t/x] from \u03c6 provided that no free variable of t becomes bound <hl> during the substitution process.", "paragraph_id": "5d66021a2b22cd4dfcfbd57a"}
{"question": "Where can remnants of water reservoirs still be found?", "paragraph": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "answer": "Belgrad Forest", "sentence": "Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest , spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city.", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. <hl> Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is Belgrad Forest , spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. <hl> The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it does have several green areas. G\u00fclhane Park and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Park were originally included within the grounds of two of Istanbul's palaces\u2014Topkap\u0131 Palace and Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace\u2014but they were repurposed as public parks in the early decades of the Turkish Republic. Another park, Fethi Pa\u015fa Korusu, is situated on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Y\u0131ld\u0131z Palace. Along the European side, and closer to the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, is Emirgan Park; originally a private estate belonging to Ottoman leaders, the 47-hectare (120-acre) park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival held since 2005. Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is <hl> Belgrad Forest <hl>, spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.", "sentence_answer": "Popular during the summer among Istanbulites is <hl> Belgrad Forest <hl> , spreading across 5,500 hectares (14,000 acres) at the northern edge of the city.", "paragraph_id": "5d65dc292b22cd4dfcfbcf6a"}
{"question": "When was the Ottoman Stock Exchanged established?", "paragraph": "Istanbul is home to Borsa Istanbul, the sole exchange entity of Turkey, which combined the former Istanbul Stock Exchange, the Istanbul Gold Exchange, and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey. The former Istanbul Stock Exchange  was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire, where the Ottoman Stock Exchange was located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's main financial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving their headquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. In 1995, the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul)  moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district. A new central business district is also under construction in Ata\u015fehir and will host the headquarters of various Turkish banks and financial institutions upon completion.", "answer": "1866", "sentence": "The former Istanbul Stock Exchange  was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866 .", "paragraph_sentence": "Istanbul is home to Borsa Istanbul, the sole exchange entity of Turkey, which combined the former Istanbul Stock Exchange, the Istanbul Gold Exchange, and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey. <hl> The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866 . <hl> During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire, where the Ottoman Stock Exchange was located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's main financial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving their headquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. In 1995, the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul) moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district. A new central business district is also under construction in Ata\u015fehir and will host the headquarters of various Turkish banks and financial institutions upon completion.", "paragraph_answer": "Istanbul is home to Borsa Istanbul, the sole exchange entity of Turkey, which combined the former Istanbul Stock Exchange, the Istanbul Gold Exchange, and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey. The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in <hl> 1866 <hl>. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Bankalar Caddesi (Banks Street) in Galata was the financial center of the Ottoman Empire, where the Ottoman Stock Exchange was located. Bankalar Caddesi continued to be Istanbul's main financial district until the 1990s, when most Turkish banks began moving their headquarters to the modern central business districts of Levent and Maslak. In 1995, the Istanbul Stock Exchange (now Borsa Istanbul) moved to its current building in the \u0130stinye quarter of the Sar\u0131yer district. A new central business district is also under construction in Ata\u015fehir and will host the headquarters of various Turkish banks and financial institutions upon completion.", "sentence_answer": "The former Istanbul Stock Exchange was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in <hl> 1866 <hl> .", "paragraph_id": "5d65f0cf2b22cd4dfcfbd34b"}
{"question": "What kinds of forces can structures become subject to?", "paragraph": "Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces, such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic, or high pressures from water or compressed gases. They are also often constructed in corrosive environments, such as at sea, in industrial facilities or below ground.", "answer": "temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic", "sentence": "Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces, such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic , or high pressures from water or compressed gases.", "paragraph_sentence": "<hl> Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces, such as large variations in temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic , or high pressures from water or compressed gases. <hl> They are also often constructed in corrosive environments, such as at sea, in industrial facilities or below ground.", "paragraph_answer": "Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces, such as large variations in <hl> temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic <hl>, or high pressures from water or compressed gases. They are also often constructed in corrosive environments, such as at sea, in industrial facilities or below ground.", "sentence_answer": "Civil engineering structures are often subjected to very extreme forces, such as large variations in <hl> temperature, dynamic loads such as waves or traffic <hl> , or high pressures from water or compressed gases.", "paragraph_id": "5d672c182b22cd4dfcfbf196"}
{"question": "What optimizes the inserted body?", "paragraph": "A method used to eliminate this overhead is inline expansion or inlining of the subprogram's body at each call site (versus branching to the subroutine and back). Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. Inlining however, will usually increase the code size, unless the program contains only one call to the subroutine, or the subroutine body is less code than the call overhead.", "answer": "compiler", "sentence": "Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call.", "paragraph_sentence": "A method used to eliminate this overhead is inline expansion or inlining of the subprogram's body at each call site (versus branching to the subroutine and back). <hl> Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the compiler to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. <hl> The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. Inlining however, will usually increase the code size, unless the program contains only one call to the subroutine, or the subroutine body is less code than the call overhead.", "paragraph_answer": "A method used to eliminate this overhead is inline expansion or inlining of the subprogram's body at each call site (versus branching to the subroutine and back). Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the <hl> compiler <hl> to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call. The inserted body can be optimized by the compiler. Inlining however, will usually increase the code size, unless the program contains only one call to the subroutine, or the subroutine body is less code than the call overhead.", "sentence_answer": "Not only does this avoid the call overhead, but it also allows the <hl> compiler <hl> to optimize the procedure's body more effectively by taking into account the context and arguments at that call.", "paragraph_id": "5d67e2be2b22cd4dfcfc0391"}